Linking Words
(words of connection)
Em português correspondem às conjunções,
locuções, advérbios, etc.
Essas palavras servem para estabelecer uma
relação lógica entre frases e idéias.
Either...or
Ou...ou
Either you study
or work
Either...or
Nem...nem
I don’t speak
either Italian
or French
Nem...nem
He could go
neither right
nor left.
(em sentença
negativa)
Neither...nor
(com verbo na
afirmativa)
Both...and
Not only...but
also
Tanto...quanto Both Arthur and
Jane are late.
Não
apenas...mas
também
Sarah is not only
beautiful, but
also very
intelligent.
Like(indica semelhança) = como
Ex.: She swims like a fish.
As(indica função) = como
Ex.: She works as a secretary.
Note:
Quando houver verbo após a comparação, deve-se usar as não like.
Ex.: You talk like your mother.
You talk as your mother does.
Nobody knows her as I do.
Expressam idéias adversativas, isto é, ligam idéias que se
opõem.
but
Mas,porém
however
Contudo,
entretanto
(and) yet
(e) contudo,
(e) No entanto
Nevertheless
(nonetheless)
Não obstante,
mesmo assim
He had no qualifications,
but
however
and yet
nevertheless
he got the job.
Expressam idéias de conseqüência ou conclusão.
So
Therefore
Thus
Consequently
then
Por isso, assim
Portanto
Por isso
Conseqüentemente
então
The kids were hungry,
so
then
thus
therefore
consequently
I bought some
sandwiches for them.
hence
Por isso, logo, daí
He fell off his bike,
hence the bruises.
(ele caiu de sua bicicleta,
daí as escoriações)
Expressam idéia de concessão.
Although
though
Embora
Embora(informal)
Although/Though we
were tired, we went to
the beach.
Even though
Muito embora
(mais enfático)
Even though we were
tired, we went to the
beach.
In spite of +(prep)
despite
Apesar de, a
despeito de
In spite of/Despite
the danger, he
was calm.
Expressam a idéia de acréscimo, de continuidade.
besides
Além disso
moreover
Além do mais
furthermore
Além disso, ademais
The manager doesn’t
admit that he is guilty.
In addition/Moreover/
Furthermore/ Besides,
he is totally incapable.
Besides
Apart from
In addition(to)
Além disso, além de
In addition to football,
he enjoys watching
tennis and basketball
on TV.
Expressam idéia de explicação, da razão para algo.
because
porque
as
como
since
Já que, desde que
for
AS
Because
Since
Visto que, pois,
por causa de
it contains alcohol, children shouldn’t drink.
I’m leaving
because I’m tired
As it’s raining again,
we’ll have to stay at
home.
Since I haven’t got
her address I can’t
write to her.
I decided to stop and
have lunch, for I was
feeling hungry.
For He will give his angels charge over
you, to guard you in all your ways.