EMPACOTAMENTO DE EXPERIMENTOS CONTROLADOS
COM ABORDAGEM EVOLUTIVA BASEADA EM ONTOLOGIA
6&$7$/21/LOLDQ3DVVRV
8QLYHUVLGDGH(VWDGXDO3DXOLVWD³-~OLRGH0HVTXLWD)LOKR´81(63
OLOLDQVFDWDORQ#JPDLOFRP
*$5&,$5RJpULR(GXDUGR
8QLYHUVLGDGH(VWDGXDO3DXOLVWD³-~OLRGH0HVTXLWD)LOKR´81(63
URJHULR#IFWXQHVSEU
RESUMO: 8P FRUSR GH FRQKHFLPHQWR HP (QJHQKDULD GH 6RIWZDUH UHTXHU D UHSOLFDomR GH H[SHULPHQWRVFRQWURODGRV2FRQKHFLPHQWRJHUDGRSRUXPH[SHULPHQWRpUHJLVWUDGRQRFKDPDGRSDFRWHGH
ODERUDWyULRRTXDOGHYHVHUUHYLVDGRSRUXPHYHQWXDOJUXSRGHSHVTXLVDFRPDLQWHQomRGHUHSOLFiOR(QWUHWDQWRSHVTXLVDGRUHVHQIUHQWDPGL¿FXOGDGHVDRUHYLVDUSDFRWHVGHODERUDWyULRRTXHOHYDD
SUREOHPDV GH FRPSDUWLOKDPHQWR GH FRQKHFLPHQWR HQWUH JUXSRV GH SHVTXLVD$OpP GLVVR D IDOWD GH
SDGURQL]DomRpXPREVWiFXORjLQWHJUDomRGHXPHVWXGRLVRODGRHPXPFRUSRGHFRQKHFLPHQWRFRPXP1HVVHFRQWH[WRpSURSRVWRXPZRUNÀRZSDUDJHUDUSDFRWHVGHODERUDWyULREDVHDGRVQDExperOntologyXPDRQWRORJLDGRGRPtQLRGHH[SHULPHQWRVFRQWURODGRVYLVDQGRDFRQWULEXLUQDUHYLVmRHQR
HQWHQGLPHQWRGHSDFRWHVGHODERUDWyULR
PALAVRAS-CHAVE:([SHULPHQWR&RQWURODGR2QWRORJLD(QJHQKDULDGH6RIWZDUH([SHULPHQWDO5HSUHVHQWDomRGH&RQKHFLPHQWR
ABSTRACT: A body of knowledge in Software Engineering requires experiments replications. The knowledge generated by a study is registered in the so-called lab package, which must be reviewed by
DQHYHQWXDOUHVHDUFKJURXSZLWKWKHLQWHQWLRQWRUHSOLFDWHLW+RZHYHUUHVHDUFKHUVIDFHGLI¿FXOWLHVUHviewing lab packages, what leads to problems in share knowledge among research groups. Besides
that, the lack of standardization is an obstacle to the integration of the knowledge from an isolated study
LQDFRPPRQERG\RINQRZOHGJH,QWKLVFRQWH[WZHSURSRVHDZRUNÀRZWRJHQHUDWHODESDFNDJHVEDsed on ExperOntology, an ontology of controlled experiments domain, aiming to facilitate the reviewing
and understanding of lab packages.
KEYWORDS: Controlled Experiment, Ontology, Experimental Software Engineering, Knowledge Representation
INTRODUÇÃO
$ (QJHQKDULD GH 6RIWZDUH ([SHULPHQWDO WHP SRU REMHWLYR D UHDOL]DomR GH
HVWXGRV TXH DYDOLHP PpWRGRV WpFQLFDV H
IHUUDPHQWDV HQYROYLGRV QR GHVHQYROYLPHQWR GH VRIWZDUH 3RU PHLR GD UHDOL]DomR GH
um estudo, são gerados resultados e conFOXV}HVUHODWLYDVjDSOLFDomRGDUHVSHFWLYD
WHFQRORJLD VRE LQYHVWLJDomR 6+8// HW DO
:2+/,1HWDO
$ ,6(51 ,QWHUQDWLRQDO 6RIWZDUH
(QJLQHHULQJ5HVHDUFK1HWZRUNpXPDFRPXQLGDGHFRPSRVWDGHJUXSRVGHSHVTXLVD
TXHDFUHGLWDPTXHDSHVTXLVDQDiUHDGHYH
VHUUHDOL]DGDHPXPFRQWH[WRH[SHULPHQWDO
6HJXQGR R PDQLIHVWR GD ,6(51 ,6(51
FDGDXPGHVVHVJUXSRVSURGX]LUDP
20
H FRQWLQXDUmR SURGX]LQGR PRGHORV YiOLGRV GH (QJHQKDULD GH 6RIWZDUH GHQWUR GR
DPELHQWH GH VHXV ODERUDWyULRV 3RUpP QR
LQWXLWR GH FRQVWUXLU RV FRPSRQHQWHV H PRGHORV EiVLFRV GD GLVFLSOLQD GH (QJHQKDULD
GH 6RIWZDUH p QHFHVViULR DEVWUDLORV GDV
FDUDFWHUtVWLFDV GH DPELHQWHV HVSHFt¿FRV
1HQKXPJUXSRGHSHVTXLVDLVRODGRpFDSD]
GHSURYHURDPELHQWHGHODERUDWyULRQHFHVViULR SDUD DSUHQGHU VREUH YDULDo}HV QRV
HIHLWRVGDVWHFQRORJLDVDWUDYpVGHP~OWLSORV
DPELHQWHV H IDWRUHV GH LQÀXrQFLD ,6(51
/RJRSRUPHLRGHUHSOLFDo}HVGHHVWXGRVpSRVVtYHOWUDWDURVGLIHUHQWHVFRQMXQWRVGHFRQGLo}HVDTXHDDSOLFDomRGHXPD
WpFQLFDPpWRGRRXIHUUDPHQWDHVWiVXMHLWD
SDUDTXHDVFRQFOXV}HVREWLGDVDWLQMDPXP
FRQWH[WRDEUDQJHQWHHHQWmRVHFRQVROLGH
Interciência
& Sociedade
,QWHUFLrQFLD6RFLHGDGH,6619RO1
FRQKHFLPHQWRHP(QJHQKDULDGH6RIWZDUH
5HSOLFDUXPHVWXGRGHSHQGHIRUWHPHQWHGDUHYLVmRHIHWLYDGHVXDH[HFXomR
RULJLQDOSDUDFRPSUHHQGHURVSURFHGLPHQWRV DGRWDGRV H JDUDQWLU TXH D UHSOLFDomR
WHQKD FRQIRUPLGDGH GH SURFHVVR FRP R
H[SHULPHQWR DQWHULRU %$6,/, HW DO 6+8//HWDOLVWRpTXHVHMDPFRPSDUiYHLVSDUDTXHVHYLDELOL]HDLQWHJUDomR
HP XP FRUSR FRPXP GH FRQKHFLPHQWR 2
FRQKHFLPHQWR JHUDGR SRU XP HVWXGR LQFOXLQGRDGHVFULomRGRVSURFHGLPHQWRVDGRWDGRVVHXVUHVXOWDGRVHVXDVFRQFOXV}HVp
UHJLVWUDGRQRSDFRWHGHODERUDWyULR6+8//
HWDOeDSDUWLUGHVXDUHYLVmRTXH
SHVTXLVDGRUHVLQWHUQRVDXPJUXSRGHSHVTXLVDRXQmRWrPDFHVVRDFRPRRH[SHULPHQWRRULJLQDOIRLFRQGX]LGR6+8//HWDO
&RQWXGR PHVPR TXH HVWHMDP HVSHFL¿FDGRV RV SHVTXLVDGRUHV HQIUHQWDP
GL¿FXOGDGHVHPHQWHQGHUHUHYLVDUSDFRWHV
GHODERUDWyULR6+8//HWDO(VVDV
FRPSOLFDo}HVQDWUDQVIHUrQFLDGHFRQKHFLPHQWRHQWUHJUXSRVGHSHVTXLVDYLVWRTXH
RSDFRWHGHODERUDWyULRpRPHLRGHWUDQVIHULORGL¿FXOWDPDUHDOL]DomRGHUHSOLFDo}HV
&RPUHODomR DHVVHVSUREOHPDVYDOH UHVVDOWDU TXH FRPSDUWLOKDU FRQKHFLPHQWR GH
XPGRPtQLRGHLQWHUHVVHpXPDGDVDSOLFDo}HVUHFRUUHQWHVDTXHRQWRORJLDVVHGHVWLQDP *8$5,12HWDO86&+2/' H
*581,1*(5
2QWRORJLDV YrP VHQGR XWLOL]DGDV
HP (QJHQKDULD GH 6RIWZDUH FRP D ¿QDOLGDGHGHSDGURQL]DomRGHFRQFHLWRVGHXP
GRPtQLR GH FRPSDUWLOKDPHQWR GH FRQKHFLPHQWRHGHUHXVR%$5%26$HWDO
%$5%26$ HW DO %,2/&+,1, HW DO
)$/%2HWDO&RPHVVHVPHVPRV REMHWLYRV *$5&,$ HW DO DSUHsentaram a ExperOntology, uma ontologia
GR GRPtQLR GH H[SHULPHQWRV FRQWURODGRV
YLVDQGR D GHVFUHYHU IRUPDOPHQWH RV FRQFHLWRVTXHFRPS}HPXPSDFRWHGHODERUDWyULR$VVLPDVLQIRUPDo}HVUHODWLYDVDXP
HVWXGRSRGHPVHULQVWDQFLDGDVQRVFRQFHLtos da ontologia.
'H DFRUGR FRP $0$5$/ ( 75$9$6626 R HPSDFRWDPHQWR GHYH
VHUIHLWRIDVHDIDVHDRORQJRGRSURFHVVR
H[SHULPHQWDO:2+/,1HWDO(QWmR
QHVVH FRQWH[WR p SURSRVWR XP ZRUNÀRZ
21
TXH LQFRUSRUD R HPSDFRWDPHQWR EDVHDGR
QRVFRQFHLWRVGH¿QLGRVQDExperOntology.
(XPDYH]TXHVXDVGH¿QLo}HVQmRVmRQHFHVVDULDPHQWH HVWiWLFDV D RQWRORJLD SRGH
DEVRUYHU QRYRV FRQFHLWRV FRQIRUPH SDFRWHVGHODERUDWyULRFRPGLIHUHQWHVFRQMXQWRV
de informação são instanciados.
O restante do artigo está organizaGRFRPRVHJXH1D6HomRpGDGDXPDYLVmRJHUDOGHSURFHVVRGHH[SHULPHQWDomR
1D 6HomR p DSUHVHQWDGR R SUREOHPD QD
transferência de conhecimento entre gruSRVGHSHVTXLVD&RPRREMHWLYRGHUHVROYHU
WDO SUREOHPD QD 6HomR DUJXPHQWDVH D
YDQWDJHPGHVHDSOLFDUXPDRQWRORJLDSDUD
UHSUHVHQWDURFRQKHFLPHQWRJHUDGRSRUXP
HVWXGR 1D 6HomR DV GH¿QLo}HV GD ExperOntology VmR DSUHVHQWDGDV 1D 6HomR
p DSUHVHQWDGR XP ZRUNÀRZ GH HPSDFRWDPHQWR GH H[SHULPHQWRV FRQWURODGRV FRP
base na ExperOntology3RU¿PQD6HomR
VmRGDGDVDVFRQVLGHUDo}HV¿QDLV
1. PROCESSO DE EXPERIMENTAÇÃO
2 H[SHULPHQWR FRQWURODGR p XP
WLSRGHHVWXGRHPTXHDFRQWHFHDLQYHVWLJDomRGHXPDKLSyWHVHVXSRQGRXPDUHODomR
FDXVDOHQWUHFDUDFWHUtVWLFDVGHLQWHUHVVHGR
IHQ{PHQR VRE HVWXGR (VVD UHODomR FDXVDOTXHVHVXS}HHPWHRULDpPDSHDGDjV
YDULiYHLV GR HVWXGR SDUD UHSUHVHQWiOD HP
VXDH[HFXomR$VYDULiYHLVLQGHSHQGHQWHV
UHSUHVHQWDQGRDFDXVDLQÀXHQFLDPQRVYDORUHV REVHUYDGRV QDV YDULiYHLV GHSHQGHQWHVRHIHLWR9DULiYHLVLQGHSHQGHQWHVVmR
DTXHODV TXH PHGHP DV FDUDFWHUtVWLFDV HVFROKLGDVSDUDUHSUHVHQWDURVIDWRUHVTXHLQÀXHQFLDPRIHQ{PHQR$VYDULiYHLVGHSHQGHQWHVUHFHEHPRVYDORUHVGRVUHVXOWDGRV
FXMDDQiOLVHSHUPLWHYHUL¿FDUDYDOLGDGHGD
KLSyWHVH
8PDDERUGDJHPVLVWHPiWLFDGHYH
VHU DGRWDGD FRP D ¿QDOLGDGH GH DOFDQoDU
RQtYHOGHFRQWUROHTXHXPH[SHULPHQWRUHTXHU$VHOHomRHPDQLSXODomRGHYDULiYHLV
GHYHP VHU FDXWHORVDV D ¿P GH UHÀHWLUHP
UHVXOWDGRV TXH OHYHP D FRQFOXV}HV FRUUHWDV$SHQDVSHORIDWRGHGH¿QLUXPH[SHULPHQWRGHPDQHLUDPDLVIRUPDOHH[SOtFLWDD
FRPSUHHQVmRGRIHQ{PHQRVREHVWXGRDXPHQWDHDVVLPGLIHUHQWHVDVSHFWRVSRGHP
HPHUJLU D SDUWLU GH XPD PHOKRU LQWURVSHF-
Interciência
& Sociedade
,QWHUFLrQFLD6RFLHGDGH,6619RO1
omR %$6,/, 2 SURFHVVR VXJHULGR
SRU:2+/,1HWDOpFRPSRVWRSHODV
VHJXLQWHVIDVHVYLGH)LJXUD
‡'H¿QLomRDIDVHGHGH¿QLomRIRUQHFHDGLUHomRJHUDOGRH[SHULPHQWRRVHX
HVFRSRFRQWH[WRHREMHWLYRV
‡3ODQHMDPHQWRQHVVDIDVHDVKLSyWHVHV TXH H[SUHVVDP R IHQ{PHQR VRE
estudo são formuladas. Em seguida são
VHOHFLRQDGDV DV YDULiYHLV LQGHSHQGHQWHV
H GHSHQGHQWHV 7DPEpP p HVWDEHOHFLGR R
SURMHWRH[SHULPHQWDOHPTXHVmRGH¿QLGRV
RVYDORUHVGDVYDULiYHLVLQGHSHQGHQWHVWUD-
WDPHQWRVDWULEXtGRVDFDGDSDUWLFLSDQWH
‡ 2SHUDomR D RSHUDomR FRQVLVWH
EDVLFDPHQWH QD DSOLFDomR GH XP FRQMXQWR
GHWDUHIDVSDUDH[HFXWDURTXH¿FRXGH¿QLGRQRSURMHWRH[SHULPHQWDO$EUDQJHDH[HFXomRSURSULDPHQWHGLWDHDFROHWDGHVHXV
resultados.
‡$QiOLVH RV UHVXOWDGRV FROHWDGRV
GDH[HFXomRVmRSUHSDUDGRVHWHVWHVHVWDWtVWLFRV VmR DSOLFDGRV FRP D ¿QDOLGDGH GH
LQYHVWLJDUDYDOLGDGHGDVKLSyWHVHVHREWHU
FRQFOXV}HVVREUHRIHQ{PHQRHPHVWXGR
‡ (PSDFRWDPHQWR GXUDQWH R HP-
Figura 1: 3URFHVVRGHH[SHULPHQWDomR
SDFRWDPHQWR D PDQHLUD FRPR R H[SHULmento foi conduzido, os resultados e as
FRQFOXV}HVGHYHPVHUUHJLVWUDGRVSDUDXVR
IXWXURJHUDQGRRSDFRWHGHODERUDWyULR
2 SDFRWH GH ODERUDWyULR PDQWpP
RFRQKHFLPHQWRJHUDGRSHORHVWXGRHSRU
LVVR D VXD GLVSRQLELOLGDGH p IXQGDPHQWDO
SDUDTXHUHSOLFDGRUHVSRVVDPHQWHQGHURV
SURFHGLPHQWRV DGRWDGRV DR ORQJR GR SURFHVVR GH H[SHULPHQWDomR GR HVWXGR RULJLQDO(VVHHQWHQGLPHQWRpIXQGDPHQWDOSDUD
DIRUPDomRGHXPFRUSRGHFRQKHFLPHQWR
SRLV SHUPLWH QmR Vy D UHSOLFDomR GR H[SHULPHQWR SURSULDPHQWH GLWD PDV WDPEpP
LGHQWL¿FDU SRWHQFLDLV YDULDo}HV TXH FRQWULEXDP SDUD D JHQHUDOL]DomR GH UHVXOWDGRV
HDSULPRUDPHQWRVQRH[SHULPHQWRRULJLQDO
2. REPLICAÇÕES E TRANSFERÊNCIA
DE CONHECIMENTO
22
1RHVWXGRGHXPDWpFQLFDXPPpWRGRRXXPDIHUUDPHQWDHPXPH[SHULPHQWRFRQWURODGRVmRVHOHFLRQDGRVSDUWLFLSDQWHVGHXPDSRSXODomRTXHRVDSOLFDPVRE
FRQGLo}HV FRQWURODGDV GH DFRUGR FRP R
TXHIRLGH¿QLGRQRSODQHMDPHQWRSHORVSHVTXLVDGRUHVUHVSRQViYHLV$SDUWLUGDDQiOLVH GRV UHVXOWDGRV VmR WLUDGDV FRQFOXV}HV
VREUHRXVRGDWHFQRORJLDVRELQYHVWLJDomR
SHODSRSXODomRGDTXDORVSDUWLFLSDQWHVVmR
FRQVLGHUDGRVUHSUHVHQWDWLYRV
(P YiULDV SDUWHV GR SURFHVVR
GHVFULWR QD VHomR DQWHULRU Ki IRQWHV GH
YDULDomR TXH LQÀXHQFLDP QRV UHVXOWDGRV
6+8// HW DO 6+8// HW DO 2VSDUWLFLSDQWHVGRHVWXGRSRGHPVHUGHGLYHUVRVDPELHQWHVFXOWXUDLVRXSRGHPHVWDU
VXEPHWLGRVDXPGLIHUHQWHFRQMXQWRGHFRQGLo}HVGXUDQWHDH[HFXomRGRH[SHULPHQWR
0(1'21d$HWDO0,//(5
(GHVWHPRGRDSRSXODomRjTXDOVmRDSOLInterciência
& Sociedade
,QWHUFLrQFLD6RFLHGDGH,6619RO1
FDGDVDVFRQFOXV}HV¿FDOLPLWDGDSRUHVVHV
fatores.
3RUWDQWR D ¿P GH JHQHUDOL]DU DV
FRQFOXV}HV GH PDQHLUD DEUDQJHQWH HVVDV
YDULDo}HVGHYHPVHUH[SORUDGDVHWUDWDGDV
HP UHSOLFDo}HV $VVLP RV UHVXOWDGRV SRGHPVHUFRQ¿UPDGRVRXDLQÀXrQFLDGHVVDV
YDULDo}HV SRGH VHU LGHQWL¿FDGD H SURGX]LU
RXWUDV FRQFOXV}HV UHOHYDQWHV DR DVVXQWR
3RU PHLR GH UHSOLFDo}HV EDVHDGDV HP XP
H[SHULPHQWRTXHLQYHVWLJDGHWHUPLQDGDWHFnologia, o conhecimento sobre ela se consolida.
(PSUHHQGHU XPD UHSOLFDomR UHTXHU R DFHVVR D LQIRUPDo}HV FRQWLGDV QR
SDFRWH GH ODERUDWyULR &RQWXGR 6+8// HW
DODSRQWDPTXHDSHVDUGHHVSHFL¿FDGRVDUHYLVmRGHSDFRWHVGHODERUDWyULR
DSUHVHQWDGL¿FXOGDGHV
$RQRWDUSUREOHPDVGHWUDQVIHUrQFLDGHFRQKHFLPHQWRFRPRHQWUDYHVjUHDOL]DomR GH UHSOLFDo}HV 0(1'21d$ HW DO
SURSXVHUDPR),5()UDPHZRUNIRU
,PSURYLQJ WKH 5HSOLFDWLRQ RI ([SHULPHQWV
RTXDOpFRPSRVWRSHORVGRLVFLFORVGHDWLYLGDGHVLOXVWUDGRVQD)LJXUD2FLFORLQWHUQR
UHSUHVHQWDDH[HFXomRGHXPHVWXGRGHQWUR
GHXPJUXSRGHSHVTXLVD1RFLFORH[WHUQR
LQWHUJUXSRVHVWmRDVDWLYLGDGHVTXHVHHQcarregam de integrar o conhecimento geraGR SHOR HVWXGR GR FLFOR LQWHUQR QXP FRUSR
FRPXPGHWDOPDQHLUDTXHVHXSDFRWHGH
Figura 2: &LFORVGR),5(0(1'21d$HWDO
ODERUDWyULRSRVVDVHUHIHWLYDPHQWHUHYLVDGR
SRU HYHQWXDLV UHSOLFDGRUHV GH RXWUR JUXSR
GHSHVTXLVD
&ULDUHYROXLU R SDFRWH GH ODERUDWyULR LQÀXHQFLD QD DWLYLGDGH H[WHUQD GH
FRPSDUWLOKDUFRQKHFLPHQWR'DPHVPDPDQHLUD QR RXWUR SRQWR HP TXH RV FLFORV VH
LQWHUFHSWDP HQWHQGHU RV SDFRWHV GH ODERUDWyULR p IXQGDPHQWDO SDUD VH HVWDEHOHFHU
DVPHWDVGHXPDQRYDUHSOLFDomR
3RGHVH SHUFHEHU SRUWDQWR TXH
RSDFRWHGHODERUDWyULRUHSUHVHQWDDVDtGD
GR FLFOR LQWHUQR SRUWDQGR FRQVLJR DV LQIRUPDo}HVGHXPHVWXGRHWDPEpPDHQWUDGD
GRFLFORLQWHUQRGHXPDSRVVtYHOUHSOLFDomR
23
XPDYH]TXHRVSHVTXLVDGRUHVGHYHPUHYLViORHHQWHQGHUDH[HFXomRGRH[SHULPHQWRRULJLQDO$VVLPGHPDQHLUDDFRPSDUWLOKDU
FRQKHFLPHQWRHIDYRUHFHUXPPHOKRUHQWHQGLPHQWRGRVSDFRWHVGHODERUDWyULRQRFLFOR
H[WHUQRRPRGRTXHDVVXDVLQIRUPDo}HV
GHYHPVHUUHSUHVHQWDGDVpGHH[WUHPDLPSRUWkQFLD R TXH VH FRQ¿UPD WDPEpP SHOD
DWLYLGDGHGHSDGURQL]DomRGHSDFRWHV
'LVSRQLELOL]DU SDFRWHV GH ODERUDWyULR DPSDUD D UHDOL]DomR GH PDLV UHSOLFDo}HV PDV SDFRWHV EHP SURMHWDGRV VmR
FUXFLDLVSDUDPHOKRUHVUHSOLFDo}HV6+8//
HWDO3RUWDQWRGHYHVHUSURPRYLGD
XPD PHOKRU UHSUHVHQWDomR DR JHUDU R VHX
Interciência
& Sociedade
,QWHUFLrQFLD6RFLHGDGH,6619RO1
FRQWH~GR 1HVVH VHQWLGR D DSOLFDomR GH
XPDRQWRORJLDFRPRPRGHORSDUDRSDFRWH
GHODERUDWyULRSRGHVHUSURYHLWRVDSDUDOLGDU
FRPRSUREOHPDQDWUDQVIHUrQFLDGHFRQKHcimento.
3. EXPERONTOLOGY
8PD RQWRORJLD GH¿QH R GRPtQLR
GH LQWHUHVVH H[SOLFLWDPHQWH HP WHUPRV GH
FRQFHLWRV VXDV UHODo}HV H UHVWULo}HV GH
LQWHUSUHWDomR H[SUHVVDV SRU PHLR GH D[LRPDV*58%(5$VVLPDLQIRUPDomR
PRGHODGD SHOD RQWRORJLD FDUUHJD FRQVLJR
VLJQL¿FDGRHPEXWLGRSHUPLWLQGRTXHDJHQWHVGHGLIHUHQWHVFRQWH[WRVDLQWHUSUHWHPGH
maneira consistente.
A ExperOntology *$5&,$ HW DO
IRLHODERUDGDSDUDIDFLOLWDURUHXVRH
R FRPSDUWLOKDPHQWR GH SDFRWHV GH ODERUDWyULR %DVLFDPHQWH D RQWRORJLD HVFODUHFH
RV FRQFHLWRV DVVRFLDGRV D H[SHULPHQWRV
FRQWURODGRVHVXDVUHODo}HV6mRGH¿QLGRV
FRQFHLWRVGHWRGRRSURFHVVRGHH[SHULPHQWDomRGHVGHDGH¿QLomRDWpDDQiOLVHGRV
UHVXOWDGRV$VVLPRHPSDFRWDPHQWRGHXP
HVWXGRpGDGRSHORVFRQFHLWRVGDRQWRORJLD
instanciados.
$ FDSWXUD GD FRQFHLWXDomR GD ExperOntology FRQWLGD SDUFLDOPHQWH QDV ¿JXUDVHpDSUHVHQWDGDSRU*$5&,$HW
DO HP GRLV QtYHLV GH UH¿QDPHQWR
2 SULPHLUR QtYHO )LJXUD VH UHIHUH DRV
SULQFLSDLV FRQFHLWRV GH XP H[SHULPHQWR
FRQWURODGR 2 VHJXQGR )LJXUD VH UHIHUHDRUH¿QDPHQWRGRFRQFHLWRGHSDFRWHGH
Figura 3: &RQFHLWRVGHXPH[SHULPHQWRFRQWURODGR*$5&,$HWDO
ODERUDWyULR$ FDSWXUD GRV FRQFHLWRV IRL UHSUHVHQWDGDXVDQGR80/8QL¿HG0RGHOLQJ
/DQJXDJH
Para formalizar a ontologia, foram
XVDGRV D[LRPDV GH OyJLFD GH SULPHLUD RUGHP2SUHGLFDGR'HVLJQTXHDVVRFLDWUDWDPHQWRVDFDGDSDUWLFLSDQWHGRH[SHULPHQWRpGDGRSRU
Design(s, SetOfTreat)
VmR
R RV
RV
V YDORUHV
YDOR
YD
DOR
ORUH
HV TXH
T H RV IDWRUHV
TX
IDWRUHV
6HW2I7UHDW VmR
DVVX
DVVX
DV
VXPL
PLU
U FRQMXQWR
F
FRQ
QMX
MXQW
QWR GH
GH WUDWDPHQWRV
GH
WUD
DWDPH
WD
DPH
PHQWRV
SRGHP DVVXPLU
)DWR
RUH
UHV
V VHXV
VHX
HXV SRVVtYHLV
SRVV
SR
VVtY
YHL
HLV
V WUDWDPHQWRV
WWUUD
DWWDP
PHQ
HQWRV
WRV H
WR
H XP
XP
)DWRUHV
FR
RQM
QMX
QMXQ
XQ
QWWR
R GH WU
WUDW
D DP
PHQ
HQWR
HQWR
WRV Vm
VmR G
GH
H¿Q
¿Q
QLG
LG
GR
RV
V SRU
R
FRQMXQWRGHWUDWDPHQWRVVmRGH¿QLGRVSRU
HPTXHIGH¿QHXPIDWRUGRH[SHHPTXHf
GH¿QH XP IDWRU GH H[SHULPHQWR H vfn são
WUDWDPHQWRVDWULEXtGRVSDUDFDGDf.$SDUWLU
GRSUHGLFDGRDesignpHVWDEHOHFLGRRSODQR
SDUDDFRQGXomRGRH[SHULPHQWRRTXDOp
GHWDOKDGRHPXPFRQMXQWRGHWDUHIDV
HP TXH V UHSUHVHQWD RV SDUWLFLSDQWHV H
24
Interciência
& Sociedade
,QWHUFLrQFLD6RFLHGDGH,6619RO1
HPTXHtanGH¿QHDVWDUHIDVTXHGHYHPVHU
VHJXLGDVGXUDQWHDIDVHGHRSHUDomR
2REMHWLYRHPXVDUDExperOntologyDRHPSDFRWDUH[SHULPHQWRVpLQFRUSRUDU
)LJXUD&RQFHLWRVGHXPSDFRWHGHODERUDWyULR*$5&,$HWDO
j WUDQVIHUrQFLD GH FRQKHFLPHQWR SRU PHLR
GHSDFRWHVGHODERUDWyULRDVYDQWDJHQVTXH
RQWRORJLDVIRUQHFHPjVVXDVDSOLFDo}HVIDYRUHFHURHQWHQGLPHQWRFRPSDUWLOKDGRGDV
LQIRUPDo}HV12<H0&*8,11(66
SDUDTXHDVVLPDWUDQVIHUrQFLDGHFRQKHFLPHQWRVHMDHIHWLYD
4. ABORDAGEM PROPOSTA DE EMPACOTAMENTO
1HVVD GLUHomR IRL SURSRVWR XP
ZRUNÀRZ SDUD HPSDFRWDPHQWR GH H[SHULmentos controlados em Engenharia de Sof-
25
WZDUH 6&$7$/21 HW DO TXH LQFOXL
XPD DERUGDJHP HYROXWLYD SDUD D LQVWDQFLDomRGHSDFRWHVGHODERUDWyULRXVDQGRD
ExperOntology&DGDIDVHGRSURFHVVRGH
H[SHULPHQWDomR:2+/,1HWDOWHP
VXDSUySULDPHWDHVHXVUHVSHFWLYRVFRQFHLWRVGH¿QLGRVQDRQWRORJLD6HJXLQGRRSURFHVVRRVFRQFHLWRVVmRXVDGRVFRPRSDUkPHWURVSDUDHTXLSDUDUPDWFKFRQFHLWRVGD
RQWRORJLD FRUUHVSRQGHQWHV jV LQIRUPDo}HV
QmRSDGURQL]DGDV'HVVHPRGRpSRVVtYHO
LQVWDQFLDULQIRUPDomRHPXPSDFRWHGHODERUDWyULRSDGURQL]DGRGHDFRUGRFRPDRQtologia.
Interciência
& Sociedade
,QWHUFLrQFLD6RFLHGDGH,6619RO1
&RPRLOXVWUDGRQD)LJXUDDVHQtradas do ZRUNÀRZVmRRSDFRWHGHODERUDWyULR D VHU LQVWDQFLDGR H D ExperOntology.
$SULPHLUDDWLYLGDGHGRZRUNÀRZVHUHSHWH
SDUDFDGDIDVHGRSURFHVVRGHH[SHULPHQWDomRGHYHVHUIHLWDDVHOHomRGHLQIRUPDo}HV GR SDFRWH GH ODERUDWyULR FRUUHVSRQdentes a cada fase.
Figura 5: :RUNÀRZGHHPSDFRWDPHQWR6&$7$/21et al.
Em seguida, dados os conceitos
GH¿QLGRV QD ExperOntology e as informao}HV VHOHFLRQDGDV SDUD XPD IDVH HVSHFt¿FD GR SURFHVVR HTXLSDUDVH PDWFK
FRQFHLWRVHLQIRUPDo}HVSRUPHLRGDDSOLFDomR WpFQLFDV GH PDWFKLQJ (8=(1$7 H
6+9$,.2 $ DWLYLGDGH GH PDWFKLQJ
YLVDDLGHQWL¿FDULDVLQIRUPDo}HVjVTXDLV
a ExperOntology SRGH IRUQHFHU FRQFHLWRV
GH¿QLGRV SDUD LQVWDQFLDomR H LL DV LQIRUPDo}HVVHPFRQFHLWRFRUUHVSRQGHQWH7DLV
LQIRUPDo}HVSRUWDQWRLQGLFDPRVFRQFHLWRV
TXHGHYHPVHULQFRUSRUDGRVjRQWRORJLDQD
DWLYLGDGHGHHYROXomR672-$129,&HWDO
SDUDSRVVLELOLWDUDLQVWDQFLDomRFRPSOHWDJHUDQGRXPSDFRWHGHODERUDWyULRSDdronizado.
'HVVDPDQHLUDDH[HFXomRLWHUDWLYDGRZRUNÀRZFDUDFWHUL]DXPSURFHVVRGH
HYROXomRGDRQWRORJLDTXHVHDSUR[LPDGH
XPSDGUmRVHPkQWLFRGRFRQMXQWRGHLQIRUPDo}HVTXHXPSDFRWHGHODERUDWyULRGHYH
conter.
3DUD DOFDQoDU RV REMHWLYRV GR WUDEDOKR p SUHFLVR LGHQWL¿FDU TXDO FRQFHLWR
GH¿QLGR QD ExperOntology FRUUHVSRQGH D
26
FDGD HOHPHQWR GH LQIRUPDomR GR SDFRWH
GHODERUDWyULRDVHUSDGURQL]DGR&DGDHOHPHQWR p LQVWDQFLDGR HP VHX FRQFHLWR FRUUHVSRQGHQWH GH¿QLGR QD RQWRORJLD FRQIRUPHSRGHVHUYLVWRQD)LJXUD
8PDYH]TXHVXDVGH¿QLo}HVQmR
são necessariamente estáticas, a ontologia
SRGH DEVRUYHU QRYRV FRQFHLWRV FRQIRUPH
SDFRWHVGHODERUDWyULRFRQWHQGRGLIHUHQWHV
FRQMXQWRVGHLQIRUPDo}HVVmRLQVWDQFLDGRV
3RUPHLRGHVVHPHFDQLVPRpSRVVtYHOHYRluir a ExperOntology HP GLUHomR D XP SDGUmRVHPkQWLFRTXHOLGHFRPRSUREOHPDGD
KHWHURJHQHLGDGHGHSDFRWHVGHODERUDWyULR
Figura 63DGURQL]DomRGHXPSDFRWHGHODERUDWyULR
Interciência
& Sociedade
,QWHUFLrQFLD6RFLHGDGH,6619RO1
CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS
1HVWH DUWLJR p DSUHVHQWDGR XP
ZRUNÀRZGHHPSDFRWDPHQWRGHH[SHULPHQtos controlados com base na ExperOntology SDUD SDGURQL]DU RV VHXV UHVSHFWLYRV
SDFRWHVGHODERUDWyULRHSDUDTXHVHMDSRVVtYHODFRPRGDUYDULDo}HVQRVFRQMXQWRVGH
LQIRUPDomR TXH XP SDFRWH GH ODERUDWyULR
SRGH DSUHVHQWDU 1HVVH VHQWLGR D ExperOntology SRGH VHU YLVWD FRPR XP SDGUmR
XQL¿FDGRU FRODERUDQGR DVVLP j LQWHJUDomRGHHVWXGRVLVRODGRVQXPFRUSRFRPXP
$PDQHLUDTXHRSDFRWHGHODERUDWyULR¿FDDUPD]HQDGRQDRQWRORJLDIDFLOLWDD
transferência do conhecimento nele contido.
3RUVHWUDWDUGHXPDHVSHFL¿FDomRIRUPDO
p SRVVtYHO FRPSDUWLOKDU XP HQWHQGLPHQWR
comum da estrutura da informação entre
RV GLIHUHQWHV JUXSRV GH SHVTXLVD 12< H
0&*8,11(66 'HVVD PDQHLUD D
RQWRORJLDGHLQVWkQFLDVGHXPSDFRWHGHODERUDWyULR JHUDGR SRU XP GHWHUPLQDGR JUXSR GH SHVTXLVD SRGH VHU PDLV IDFLOPHQWH
SURFHVVDGRHPRXWURJUXSRGHXPFRQWH[WR
GLIHUHQWH GR JUXSR GH RULJHP 2V SDFRWHV
GH ODERUDWyULR QmR VHULDP WmR SRUWiYHLV VH
fossem instanciados em bancos de dados
UHODFLRQDLVSRUH[HPSOR
$R LPSOHPHQWDU R ZRUNÀRZGHYHVHFRQVLGHUDURVGLYHUVRVIRUPDWRVHPTXH
XP SDFRWH GH ODERUDWyULR GH HQWUDGD SRGH
HVWDUUHSUHVHQWDGR(QWUHRVIRUPDWRVSRVVtYHLV SRGHVH FLWDU RV HVWUXWXUDGRV WDLV
FRPRDVEDVHVGHGDGRVRVVHPLHVWUXWXUDGRVRVGRFXPHQWRV;0/SRUH[HPSORH
RV GRFXPHQWRV QmR HVWUXWXUDGRV LQIRUPDo}HVGHVFULWDVHPOLQJXDJHPQDWXUDO
$¿PGHHVWDEHOHFHUXPDVROXomR
TXH DEUDQMD GHVGH IRUPDWRV HVWUXWXUDGRV
DWpQmRHVWUXWXUDGRVSRGHVHDGRWDUFRPR
IRUPDWR SDGUmR D OLQJXDJHP ;0/ $VVLP
WRGRVRVSDFRWHVGHODERUDWyULRGHHQWUDGD
GHYHP VHU PDSHDGRV SDUD XP GRFXPHQWR;0/D¿PGHVHWRUQDUXPDHQWUDGDGR
ZRUNÀRZ. No caso de uma base de dados,
SRUH[HPSORSRGHVHUIHLWRXPPDSHDPHQWRGLUHWRSDUDRIRUPDWR;0/MiTXHDVLQIRUPDo}HVVHHQFRQWUDPVHJPHQWDGDVHP
HOHPHQWRVGHLQIRUPDomRWDEHODVFRPVHXV
UHVSHFWLYRVDWULEXWRV
1R FRQWH[WR GR ),5( D DWLYLGDGH
FULDUHYROXLUSDFRWHVXJHUHTXHDRQWRORJLD
27
GHYHHYROXLUFRQVLGHUDQGRTXHDExperOntologypWRPDGDFRPRPRGHORSDUDRSDFRWHGHODERUDWyULR$SURSRVWDGHVWHWUDEDOKR
WDPEpPDSyLDDVDWLYLGDGHVGRFLFORH[WHUQRGR),5(SRLVEXVFDXPSDGUmRTXHDFRPRGH RV GLIHUHQWHV FRQMXQWRV GH LQIRUPDomRYLVDQGRjLQWHJUDomRGRFRQKHFLPHQWR
GHXPHVWXGRLVRODGRHPXPFRUSRFRPXP
(FRQIRUPHSDFRWHVGHODERUDWyULRVmRLQVtanciados usando o ZRUNÀRZ SURSRVWR D
ExperOntology VH DSUR[LPD GH XP SDGUmR
VHPkQWLFRTXHSHUPLWHDFRPRGDUYDULDo}HV
GH SDFRWHV GH ODERUDWyULR 'HVVH PRGR D
HYROXomR GD ExperOntology WDPEpP LQÀXHQFLD QD VXD DSOLFDomR HP HPSDFRWDU
H[SHULPHQWRV
REFERÊNCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS
$0$5$/($**75$9$6626*+$SDFNDJH
PRGHOIRUVRIWZDUHHQJLQHHULQJH[SHULPHQWV,Q3URFHHGLQJV RI ,6(6( ± ,QWHUQDWLRQDO 6\PSRVLXP
RQ(PSLULFDO6RIWZDUH(QJLQHHULQJS
%$5%26$()1$.$*$:$(<0$/'21$'2
-&7RZDUGVWKHHVWDEOLVKPHQWRIDQRQWRORJ\RIVRIWZDUHWHVWLQJ,Q,QWHUQDWLRQDO&RQIHUHQFHRQ6RIWZDUH (QJLQHHULQJ DQG .QRZOHGJH (QJLQHHULQJ 6(.(
S
%$5%26$()HWDO2QWRORJ\EDVHGGHYHORSPHQW
RI WHVWLQJ UHODWHG WRROV ,Q ,QWHUQDWLRQDO &RQIHUHQFH
RQ6RIWZDUH(QJLQHHULQJDQG.QRZOHGJH(QJLQHHULQJ
6(.(S
%$6,/, 9 5 7KH UROH RI FRQWUROOHG H[SHULPHQWV LQ
VRIWZDUHHQJLQHHULQJUHVHDUFK,Q(PSLULFDO6RIWZDUH(QJLQHHULQJ,VVXHV&ULWLFDODVVHVVPHQWDQGIXWXUH
GLUHFWLRQVS
%$6,/,956+8//)/$18%,/()%XLOGLQJNQRZOHGJH WKURXJK IDPLOLHV RI H[SHULPHQWV ,((( 7UDQVDFWLRQVRQ6RIWZDUH(QJLQHHULQJ YQ
S
%,2/&+,1, - HW DO 6FLHQWL¿F UHVHDUFK RQWRORJ\ WR
VXSSRUW V\VWHPDWLF UHYLHZ LQ VRIWZDUH HQJLQHHULQJ
$GYDQFHG(QJLQHHULQJ,QIRUPDWLFVYQ
S
(8=(1$7-6+9$,.232QWRORJ\0DWFKLQJ6SULQJHU9HUODJ
)$/%25GH$58<)%02525'8VLQJRQWRORJLHV WR DGG VHPDQWLFV WR D VRIWZDUH HQJLQHHULQJ
HQYLURQPHQW,Q6(.(6RIWZDUH(QJLQHHULQJ.QRZOHGJH(QJLQHHULQJS
*$5&,$5(HWDO$QRQWRORJ\IRUFRQWUROOHGH[SHULPHQWVRQVRIWZDUHHQJLQHHULQJ,Q6(.(6RIWZDUH
(QJLQHHULQJ.QRZOHGJH(QJLQHHULQJ
Interciência
& Sociedade
,QWHUFLrQFLD6RFLHGDGH,6619RO1
*58%(5 7 5 7RZDUG SULQFLSOHV IRU WKH GHVLJQ RI
RQWRORJLHV XVHGIRUNQRZOHGJH VKDULQJ,QWHUQDWLRQDO
-RXUQDORI+XPDQ&RPSXWHU6WXGLHV6SHFLDOLVVXH
the role of formal ontology in the information technoORJ\$FDGHPLF3UHVV,QF'XOXWK0186$Y
S'HFHPEHU
*8$5,12 1 2%(5/( ' 67$$% 6 +DQGERRN
RQRQWRORJLHV6SULQJHU9HUODJFDS:KDWLVDQ
RQWRORJ\"S
+255,'*( 0 %(&++2)(5 67KH 2:/$3,$
-DYD$3,IRUZRUNLQJZLWK2:/RQWRORJLHV,Q2:/
([SHULHQFHVDQG'LUHFWLRQV2:/('
,6(51 ,6(51 0DQLIHVWR $YDLODEOH DW KWWS
isern.iese.de/.
0(1'21d$ 0 * HW DO$ IUDPHZRUN IRU VRIWZDUH
HQJLQHHULQJ H[SHULPHQWDO UHSOLFDWLRQV ,Q ,&(&&6
S
12< 1 ) 0&*8,11(66 ' / 2QWRORJ\ 'HYHORSPHQW$*XLGHWR&UHDWLQJ<RXU)LUVW2QWRORJ\
6&$7$/21/3*$5&,$5(&255(,$5&
03DFNDJLQJFRQWUROOHGH[SHULPHQWVXVLQJDQHYROX-
WLRQDU\ DSSURDFK EDVHG RQ RQWRORJ\ ,Q,QWHUQDWLRQDO
&RQIHUHQFHRQ6RIWZDUH(QJLQHHULQJDQG.QRZOHGJH
(QJLQHHULQJ6(.(S
6+8//)HWDO5HSOLFDWLQJ6RIWZDUH(QJLQHHULQJ([SHULPHQWV$GGUHVVLQJWKH7DFLW.QRZOHGJH3UREOHP
S
6+8//)HWDO.QRZOHGJHVKDULQJLVVXHVLQH[SHULPHQWDOVRIWZDUHHQJLQHHULQJ(PSLULFDO6RIWZ(QJJ
.OXZHU $FDGHPLF 3XEOLVKHUV +LQJKDP 0$
86$YQSPDU
672-$129,&/672-$129,&1+$1'6&+8+
6 (YROXWLRQ RI WKH PHWDGDWD LQ WKH RQWRORJ\EDVHG
NQRZOHGJH PDQDJHPHQW V\VWHPV ,Q 3URFHHGLQJV
RIWKHVW*HUPDQ:RUNVKRS RQRQ([SHULHQFH 0DQDJHPHQW6KDULQJ([SHULHQFHVDERXWWKH6KDULQJRI
([SHULHQFHS
86&+2/'0*581,1*(502QWRORJLHV3ULQFLSOHVPHWKRGVDQGDSSOLFDWLRQV.QRZOHGJH(QJLQHHULQJ5HYLHZYS
:2+/,1&HWDO([SHULPHQWDWLRQLQ6RIWZDUH(QJLQHHULQJ$QLQWURGXFWLRQ%RVWRQ86$.OXZHU$FDGHmic Publishers, 1999.
Lilian Passos Scatalon pEDFKDUHOHP&LrQFLDGD&RPSXWDomRSHOD8QLYHUVLGDGH(VWDGXDO3DXOLVWD³-~OLRGH
0HVTXLWD)LOKR´eDOXQDUHJXODUGRPHVWUDGRHP&LrQFLDGD&RPSXWDomRQD8QHVSDWXDQGRSULQFLSDOPHQWHQRVVHJXLQWHVWHPDV(QJHQKDULDGH6RIWZDUH([SHULPHQWDO5HSUHVHQWDomRGH&RQKHFLPHQWRH2QWRORgia.
Rogério Eduardo Garcia FRQFOXLXRGRXWRUDGRHP&LrQFLDGD&RPSXWDomRH0DWHPiWLFD&RPSXWDFLRQDOSHOD
8QLYHUVLGDGHGH6mR3DXOR,&0&8636mR&DUORVHP$WXDOPHQWHp3URIHVVRU$VVLVWHQWHGD8QLYHUVLGDGH(VWDGXDO3DXOLVWD³-~OLRGH0HVTXLWD)LOKR´ORWDGRQR'HSDUWDPHQWRGH0DWHPiWLFDH&RPSXWDomRGD
)DFXOGDGHGH&LrQFLDH7HFQRORJLDGH3UHVLGHQWH3UXGHQWH$WXDQDiUHDGH&LrQFLDGD&RPSXWDomRFRPrQIDVHHP0HWRGRORJLDH7pFQLFDVGD&RPSXWDomRSULQFLSDOPHQWHQRVVHJXLQWHVWHPDV(QJHQKDULDGH6RIWZDUHH
9LVXDOL]DomRGH,QIRUPDomRH&LHQWt¿FD
28
Interciência
& Sociedade
Download

empacotamento de experimentos controlados com