Are you an intercultural
person?
Mariza Riva de Almeida
[email protected]
[email protected]
What do these pictures
have in common?
Heavy metal, piercing,
potato chips, tatoos, cell phones and
the way of life of different Indian
tribes are all
CULTURAL MANIFESTATIONS
After all, what’s culture?
“Culture means human culture, the whole complex of traditional
behaviour which has been developed by the human race and is
successively learned by each generation... A culture is less
precise. It can mean the forms of traditional behaviour which
are characteristic of a certain society, or of a certain area, or
of a certain period of time”
(Margaret Mead, 1973)
Other definitions
• “Os homens possuem modelos de pensar, agir e sentir que são
aprendidos no decorrer da vida, sendo o primeiro local de
aprendizagem a família. Estes modelos formam a especificidade de
um grupo ou uma categoria.” (Hofstede, 1993)
• “A cultura é inerente ao ser humano, que possui natureza social.
Através da interação com os outros há o desenvolvimento e a
transformação social, cultural e cognitiva, tornando o saber e a cultura
algo coletivo.” (Vygotsky, 2000)
• “Cultura é a busca de conhecimento sobre a natureza humana, sendo
esta natureza humana vista de um modo dialético.” (Padilha, 2004)
The elements of culture,
according to Gail Robinson
literature
arts
folklore
institutions
PRODUCTS
dress
beliefs
customs
habits
values
music
BEHAVIORS
IDEAS
food
artefacts
leisure
The elements of culture,
according to Gail Robinson
PRODUCTS
arts
folklore
literature
music
artefacts
IDEAS
beliefs
values
Institutions
BEHAVIOURS
habits
clothing
customs
food
leisure
Culture and language
• CHOMSKY: É inata, há um dispositivo de aquisição da linguagem
presente em todo falante, podendo ser analisada independente do
falante. Não analisa a cultura.
• KRAMSCH: A linguagem simboliza a realidade cultural, sendo que a
sua forma escrita torna a socialização e a propagação cultural
possível e duradoura.
• BAKHTIN: A linguagem é repleta de conteúdo e é
ideologicamente marcada, sendo impossível separá-la do contexto.
Intercultural Competence
“A habilidade de nos vermos como os outros nos
vêem, de responder a eles e interagir com eles
diante desta perspectiva.
See yourself as others see you.
E se todas as pessoas numa interação
fizerem isto, então teremos uma troca mais
política.”
Michael Byram, 2003
Some people believe that a foreign
language carries within it the power to impose
cultural values. Therefore, studying a foreign
language would mean submitting to a foreign
language.
Others see the teaching of a foreign language
as a way to reflect upon their own language
and identity, thus creating intercultural
awareness.
But within differences!
“What are
British,
Brazilian, Polish
people like?”
“Well, it
depends on....
Cultures as
“cakes”
Zoom In: Hungarian textbook for secondary schools, 2001
Possible activities
1. Posters – contrasts and similarities
1. Postcards – observation/judgement
What’s a stereotype?
“A tendency to look for the typical and average,
usually placed at the national level”
Possible activities
Which kind of stereotype is being portrayed?
Which cultural aspect is being highlighted?
MAROON 5 - THIS LOVE
I was so high, I did not recognize
The fire burning in her eyes
The chaos that controlled my mind
Whispered goodbye as she got on a plane
Never to return again
But always in my heart
[Chorus]
This love has taken it's toll on me
She said goodbye too many times before
And her heart is breaking in front of me
I have no choice 'cause I won't say goodbye anymore
I tried my best to feed her appetite
Keep her coming every night
So hard to keep her satisfied
Kept playing love like it was just a game
Pretending to feel the same
Then turn around and leave again
[Chorus]
I'll fix these broken things
Repair your broken wings
And make sure everything is alright
My pressure on your hips
Sinking my fingertips
Into every inch of you
'Cause I know that's what you want me to do
The aim of Cultural Studies is to
sharpen observation, encourage critical
thinking about cultural stereotypes, and
develop a tolerance of diversity while
leading to a greater understanding of
one’s own culture.
In the end, it is not the cultural
differences that matter, but the fact
that people share a common humanity.
Jack Scholes
Bibliography
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Campinas: Papirus, 2003.
BORTONI-RICARDO, S.M. O professor pesquisador.
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CORBETT, J. An Intercultural Approach to English
Language Teaching. Clevedon: Multicultural Matters,
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______. Intercultural Language Activities.
Cambridge: CUP, 2010.
EAGLETON, T. A idéia de cultura. tradução Sandra
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Editorial, 2009.
FERGUSON, J. W. Teaching Culture in English: Why
not? ADFL Bulletin 10, n4 (May 1979): 25-28.
HALL, S. A Identidade Cultural na Pós-Modernidade.
Rio de Janeiro: DP&A, 2000.
KRAMSCH, C. Context and Culture in Language
Teaching. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1993.
LARAIA, R.B. Cultura: um conceito antropológico. Rio
de Janeiro: Jorge Zahar Editor, 1986.
MATTELART, A; NEVEU, E. Introdução aos estudos
culturais. São Paulo: Parábola Editorial, 2004.
MOITA LOPES, L. P. (org) Por Uma Linguística
Aplicada Indisciplinar. São Paulo: Parabola Editorial,
2006.
SOUZA, L.M.T.M. de. Hibridismos e Tradução
Cultural. Trabalhos em Linguistica Aplicada, v. 46, nr.
1. Campinas, 2007.
PENNYCOOK, A. The Cultural Politics of English as an
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_____. The Cultural Politics of English as an
International Language. London: Longman, 1984.
Sites:
http://people.ufpr.br/~marizalmeida/
http://www.educadores.diaadia.pr.gov.br/arquivos/
File/outubro2011/ingles_artigos/tesemariza.pdf
Mariza Riva de Almeida
[email protected]
[email protected]