Influência da densidade de árvores no estabelecimento de zoocóricas
em matrizes de pasto
Pasture trees: does distance from forest remnants influence the tree
composition of pastures?
João Pedro Costa Elias¹, Tamires Gonçalves¹,
Gonçalves Hisaias de Souza Almeida²,
Almeida Caroline
Cambraia Furtado Campos¹,
Campos Flavio Nunes Ramos¹
1: Universidade Federal de Alfenas, Instituto Ciências da Natureza, Ciências Biológicas
2: Universidade Federal de Itajubá, Instituto de Recursos Naturais
[email protected]
Resumo: The global demand for agricultural land results in fragmented landscapes with few forest
remnants isolated from one another [1].. Scattered trees in pasture can be important to improve the
diversity in fragmented landscapes and the connectivity between forest remnants [2].
[2] However, despite
their ecological roles, pasture trees face density and diversity declines in many regions, mainly due
intensification of land use and the natural regeneration absent
absen [3].. The aims of this research were to
describe the vegetation structure and analyzed the influence of distance from forest remnants on isolated
trees from nine pastures in a semi-deciduous
semi
forest region in Brazil. All plants with diameter at breast
height (d.b.h) ≥ 5 cm were georeferenced, identified and measured (d.b.h. and height) in 1.96 ha/pasture
(total of 17.64 ha). The influence of distance from forest remnant was analyzed by linear regressions. The
pastures presented 700 trees (mean of 39.7 trees/ha) belonging to 30 families and 90 species. The most
abundant families were Fabaceae (262), Asteraceae (61), Cannabaceae (57), Apocynaceae (37),
Malvaceae (25), Lamiaceae (23), and Boraginaceae (21), which accounted for almost 70% of the total
trees. The mostt abundant species were characteristic from initial succession phase. We also find exotic
species in some pastures that were planted by farmers for fruit or aesthetics uses. Most pasture trees were
represented by small individuals, with about 75% of the trees
tr
with d.b.h.≤ 20 cm and 88% of trees being
shorter than 10 m. The tree abundance and species richness decreased with increasing distance from the
forest remnants (p<0.05). The abundance of anemochorous and zoochorous trees and anemochorous
species richness
ess also decreased with increasing distance from the forest remnant (p<0.05). On the other
hand, tree size was not related to distance (p>0.05). Our results suggest that aspects related to forest edge
proximity and farmer management may interfere in density
density and pasture tree species composition. The
floristic description provided in this study is an important step in better understanding the tree coverage in
pastures because floristic inventories are essential for restoration programs in abandoned pastures and
silvopastoral programs in active ones. Thus, the information generated may guide actions that incorporate
pasture trees within initiatives for sustainable agricultural management as well as efforts to conserve
biodiversity in agricultural landscapes.
Financiamento: FAPEMIG; VALE; PNPD/CAPES;
PNPD/CAPES CNPq.
Referências:
[1] Food and Agroculture Organization of The United Nations.
Nations The state of food and agriculture:
livestock in the balance.. Rome, 2009.
[2] Castellón, TD, Sieving, KE. 2006. An Experimental Test of Matrix Permeability and Corridor Use by
an Endemic Understory Bird. Conservation Biology.
Biology 20:135–145.
[3] Gibbons, P, Boak, M. 2002. The value of paddock trees for regional conservation in an agricultural
landscape. Ecological Management and Restoration.
Restoration 3: 205-210.
Alfenas – MG – Brasil
12, 13 e 14 de novembro
nov
de 2015