1Nick
Ward
[email protected]
Macapa
Obidos
R Negro
Belem
Santarem
R Tapajos
R Madeira
R Purus
R Xingu
R Tocantins
Tapajos meets mainstem
Respiration : Photosynthesis ratio
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
Obidos
Tapajos
S. Macapa
Belem
Carbon Budget--Amazon Basin
Gt Carbon per year
8.5 8.0
NPP
0.028
NPP
0.03
0.47
0.5
POC/DOC
0.04
POC/DOC
0.02
Amazon Plume
Tropical North Atlantic Ocean
Amazon River network
Baker et al., 2004; Phillips et al., 2008; Field et al., 1998; Richey et al, 2002; Hedges et al, 1997; Takahashi et al, 2002; Subramanian et al, 200
Carbon Cycling Parameters
--Organic--
Total
Organic
Carbon
13C, 14C,
18-O2
isotopes
Compound
Specific
Biomarkers
Incubation
experiments
Carbon Cycling Parameters
--Inorganic--
DIC
13C and 14C
isotopes
pCO2
CO2
Outgassing
Flux
Bulk Organic Carbon export
Total Annual Carbon Flux to the Ocean: 33 Tg C yr-1
90% DOC
10% POC
What happens to OC as it travels
downstream?
3.5e+5
-1
3
-3
70
river discharge (m s )
3.0e+5
-1
Bulk respiration (mg C m d )
80
2.5e+5
60
2.0e+5
50
1.5e+5
40
30
Sep
1.0e+5
Nov
Jan
Mar
May
Jul
Sep
What type of OC compounds are respired?
Most abundant biochemicals on land are lignin and cellulose
What proportion of respired OM is lignin?
Respired in River ~55%, in Soils ~40%
CO2
To Ocean: <5%
Acknowledgements
CENA-Universidade do Sao Paulo
Alex Krusche
Henrique
Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará (UFOPA)-Santarem
Rodrigo da Silva
Jose Mauro
Troy Beldini
Undergraduate Students
Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA) - Belem
Pedro Walfir
Odette Silveira
Marcelo Rollnic
Paula Schneider
Universidade Federal do Amapa (UNIFAP) - Macapa
Alan Cunha
Daimio Brito
Joel Estevao Melo Diniz
Keila dos Santos
Eldo Santos
Inst. de Pesq. Cien.e Tec. do Est do Amapá
Marcio da Silva
University of Washington (UW)
Jeff Richey
Erin Ellis
Rick Keil
Chuck Nittrouer
University of Georgia (UGA)
Patricia Medeiros
Patricia Yager (Moore-ROCA PI)
Brandon Satinsky
Mary Ann Moran
Christa Smith
University of South Florida (USF)
Brian Zelinsky
University of Maryland (UMCES)
Caroline Fortunato
13C-POC isotopic composition
-22
13C-POC (per mil)
-23
-24
-25
-26
-27
-28
NMCP SMCP Belem Tapajos Obidos
May 2011