Minimum Documentation Fiche 2011
composed by national/regional working party of: Brazil
0.1 Picture of building/site
Panoramic view of the main facade.
source: MINDLIN, H. Arquitetura Moderna no Brasil. Rio de Janeiro: Aeroplano
Editora, 1999.
date: c.1955
0.2 Picture of building/site
View of the main facade today.
source: Renato da Gama-Rosa Costa
date: 2007
0.3 Picture of building/site
Images of the original project.
source: MINDLIN, H. Arquitetura Moderna no Brasil. Rio de Janeiro: Aeroplano
Editora, 1999.
date: c.1955
0.4 Picture of building/site
Images of the original project.
source: MINDLIN, H. Arquitetura Moderna no Brasil. Rio de Janeiro: Aeroplano
Editora, 1999.
date: c.1955
1. Identity of building/group of buildings/urban scheme/landscape/garden
1.1 current name of building Andaraí Hospital
1.2 variant or former name São Jorge Health Center; Central Mariners’ Hospital
(1955-1968); Andaraí Hospital (1968-present day)
1.3 number & name of street Rua Leopoldo, 280
1.4 town Rio de Janeiro
1.5 province/state Rio de Janeiro
1.6 zip code 20541-170
1.7 country Brazil
1.8 national grid reference
1.9 classification/typology General Hospital
1.10 protection status & date not listed
2 History of building
2.1 original brief/purpose General Hospital
2.2 dates: commission/completion 1955
2.3 architectural and other designers Firmino F. Saldanha (architect)
2.4 others associated with building
2.5 significant alterations with dates A new elevator hall was inaugurated in 1982
at the back facade.
2.6 current use General Hospital
2.7 current condition well conserved
3 Description
3.1 general description Andaraí Hospital occupies an entire block, having
expanded its facilities thanks to the annexation of a property belonging to the
Catholic Church, and is composed of five buildings: main, polyclinic, laboratories;
and the residents’ quarters.
3.2 construction
3.3 context Andaraí Hospital is located on a slight slope toward the end of the
street, standing out from the urban mesh which is formed by houses and small
residential buildings in the district which carries the same name.
4 Evaluation
4.1 technical It is a legitimate single block hospital of the 1950´s, with areas
destined for vertical circulation and ample access corridors to the rooms which
overlook the surrounding landscape. Its volume is composed of a ground floor
foundation and entresol, a ten story strip and penthouse.
4.2 social Andaraí Hospital is noted for its Burn Treatment Center, created 35
years ago, due to the expertise developed in the care of extensive and complex
burns. Nevertheless, it is a general hospital, a reference in emergencies of medium
and low complexity; and recognized as a care unit of high complexity in oncology
(UNACOM). Throughout the years, it has demonstrated the tendency to specialize
in the health care of high complexity ailments, whether under optional
hospitalization or emergency related.
4.3 cultural & aesthetic The modern lines of the façade are expressed in the
closing of the windows in guillotine type persian blinds and the pillars.
4.4 historical In the 1920s emerged the embryo of the Brazilian social security
system – with the creation of the Retirement and Pension Credit Unions (CAPs) –
as of the promulgation of the Eloy Chaves Act in 1923. The arrival of Getúlio
Vargas into power in 1930 alters labor relations then in effect and, in relation to the
social security issue, the standard of the CAPs was undone for the establishment
of the Retirement and Pension Institutes (IAPs), tied to the professional categories
and linked to the newly created Ministry of Labor, Industry and Commerce. The
objective of the IAPs was to guarantee access to health care for the particular
professional category. The first occupations to organize their institutes were:
mariners (IAPM), in 1933; bankers (IAPB) and merchants (IAPC), in 1934;
industrial workers (IAPI), in 1936; stowage (IAPE) and cargo transport employees
(IAPETC), in 1938 (Hochman e Fonseca, 1999; 77-78). Many of these IAPs sought
to build hospitals for the health care of its associates.
The IAPM was destined for the officers and employees of the navigation
companies, whether Brazilian or foreign – as long as dully registered; fishermen;
employees of the Brazilian Lloyd Company; among other companies associated
with maritime transport. In 1945, the IAPM acquired the São Jorge Health Center,
on 280 rua Leopoldo, in Andaraí, in order to offer health care for its associates. In
the following year, the federal government initiates studies for the expansion of the
Mariners’ Hospital, aiming to build new infirmaries. In the place of the former
Health Center, a twelve story edifice was constructed to house the Central
Mariners’ Hospital, inaugurated on June 29th, 1955.
In 1967, all of the institutes which served the workers were consolidated under the
National Social Security Institute (INPS), and the Central Mariners’ Hospital
became known as Andaraí Hospital, shifting over to federal administration and
serving all users of the INPS.
With the implementation of the SUS (National Health Program) in 1990, eleven of
the seventeen hospitals belonging to the Ministry of Health in the city of Rio de
Janeiro were municipalized, among them Andaraí Hospital – whose
municipalization process was only accomplished in 2000; and only one – the
Cardiology of Laranjeiras – was briefly under state administration. The five
remaining ones were elevated into Institutes under the condition to propose health
policies in their areas of expertise:
National Trauma-orthopedic Institute, National Cancer Institute and the Cardiology
Institute of Laranjeiras; while the State Employees’ Hospital and the Bonsucesso
Hospital , considered references in the municipal and state health systems, were
kept under the Ministry of Health.
With the declaration of a public calamity in the hospital network of the National
Health Program (SUS) in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro in 2005, Andaraí
Hospital was reintegrated into the Ministry of Health.
4.5 general assessment
5 Documentation
5.1 principal references
Decreto nº 21.042, de 1 de maio de 1946. Dispõe sobre os estudos para
ampliação do Hospital dos Marítimos. Capturado em 13 de dez. 2007. Online.
Disponível
na
Internet:
http://www6.senado.gov.br/sicon/ExecutaPesquisaBasica.action
HOCHMAN, Gilberto et FONSECA, C. O que há de novo? Políticas de saúde
pública e previdência, 1937-45. In: PANDOFI, D. (org.). Repensando o Estado
Novo. Rio de Janeiro: Editora FGV; 1999, p. 73-93.
Informações prestadas pelo Dr. Dásio Lopes Simões, diretor geral substituto e
coordenador de assistência do Hospital do Andaraí, em 13/12/2007.
MERLINO, A. A reconfiguração do Serviço de Enfermagem do Hospital dos
Marítimos: 1966-1968. Rio de Janeiro: UERJ; 2006 (dissertação de mestrado).
MINDLIN, H. Arquitetura Moderna no Brasil. Rio de Janeiro: Aeroplano Editora,
1999.
PORTO, Ângela et al. História da saúde no Rio de Janeiro: instituições e
patrimônio arquitetônico – Rio de Janeiro (1808-1958). Rio de Janeiro: Editora
Fiocruz; 2008.
5.2 visual material attached
MINDLIN, H. Arquitetura Moderna no Brasil. Rio de Janeiro: Aeroplano Editora,
1999.
5.3 rapporteur/date Ana Albano Amora, Inês Andrade, Renato da Gama-Rosa
Costa/ July, 2012
6 Fiche report examination by ISC/R
name of examining ISC member:
date of examination:
approval:
working party/ref. n°: Brazil
NAI ref. n°:
comments: