COLÉGIO PEDRO II – UNIDADE TIJUCA II
8 º ano – PROJETO 2ª CERTIFICAÇÃO 2011
Nome:_________________________________________________ N: _____ Turma: _______
PROJECT – CELEBRATIONS AROUND THE WORLD
1. APRIL FOOLS’DAY
April Fools' Day (1st April), sometimes called All Fools' Day, is one of the most light-hearted days
of the year. Its origins are uncertain. Some see it as a celebration related to the turn of the
seasons, while others believe it stems from the adoption of a new calendar.
A possible explanation
Ancient cultures, including those of the Romans and Hindus, celebrated New Year's Day on or
st
around April 1 . In 1582, Pope Gregory XIII ordered a new calendar (the Gregorian Calendar) to replace the old
Julian Calendar. The new calendar called for New Year's Day to be celebrated Jan. 1 st . That year, France adopted
the reformed calendar and changed New Year's day to Jan 1st . According to a popular explanation, many people
either refused to accept the new date, or did not learn about it, and continued to celebrate New Year's Day on April
1st . Other people began to make fun of these traditionalists, trying to trick them into believing something false.
Eventually, the practice spread throughout Europe. However, we have no direct historical evidence for this
explanation, only speculation, and that speculation appears to have been made more recently.
It is worth noting that many different cultures have had days of foolishness around the start of April, give or take a
couple of weeks. The Romans had a festival named Hilaria on March 25, rejoicing in the resurrection of Attis. The
Hindu calendar has Holi, and the Jewish calendar has Purim. Perhaps there's something about the time of year,
with its turn from winter to spring, that lends itself to cheerful celebrations.
Observances Around the World
Traditionally, in some countries such as New Zealand, Ireland, the UK, and South Africa, the jokes only last until
noon, and someone who plays a trick after noon is called an "April Fool"." Elsewhere, such as in France, Italy,
South Korea, Japan, Russia, The Netherlands, Germany, Brazil, Canada, Australia, and the U.S., the jokes last all
day. In the UK even the television stations and newspapers play jokes on the public. See some examples of pranks
played by the media in the UK at http://www.museumofhoaxes.com/hoax/aprilfool/
Adapted from http://www.factmonster.com/spot/aprilfools1.html and wikipedia
1.
Leia o texto acima preencha o quadro abaixo (em português). Tente inferir o significado das palavras
que você não conhece para entender o que se pede. Se não conseguir, use o dicionário. Mas, fique sempre
atento ao contexto em que a palavra aparece.
NOME DA
CELEBRAÇÃO
QUANDO É
CELEBRADO?
ONDE? QUEM
CELEBRA?
POR QUÊ?
(HISTÓRICO)
ATIVIDADES
COMIDA TÍPICA /
PERSONAGEM
TÍPICO
2.
Escreva 5 palavras importantes para a compreensão do texto acima e dê seu significado em
português (você deverá ter inferido este significado e confirmado no dicionário).
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
2. BOXING DAY
When is it and where does it come from?
December 26th, Boxing Day takes place on December 26th or the following Monday if December 26
falls on a Saturday or Sunday. Boxing Day began in England, in the middle of the nineteenth century,
under Queen Victoria. Boxing Day, also known as St. Stephen's Day, was a way for the upper class to
give gifts of cash, or other goods, to those of the lower classes.
Where is Boxing Day celebrated?
Boxing Day is celebrated in Australia, Britain, New Zealand, and Canada.
How is Boxing Day celebrated?
There seems to be two theories on the origin of Boxing Day and why it is celebrated. The first is that centuries ago,
on the day after Christmas, members of the merchant class would give boxes containing food and fruit, clothing,
and/or money to trades people and servants. The gifts were an expression of gratitude much like when people
receive bonuses, from their employer, for a job well done, today. These gifts, given in boxes, gave the holiday its
name, "Boxing Day".
The second thought is that Boxing Day comes from the tradition of opening the alms boxes placed in churches over
the Christmas season. The contents of these boxes were distributed amongst the poor, by the clergy, the day after
Christmas.
Today, Boxing Day is spent with family and friends with lots of food and sharing of friendship and love. Government
buildings and small businesses are closed but the malls are open and filled with people exchanging gifts or buying
reduced priced Christmas gifts, cards, and decorations.
To keep the tradition of Boxing Day alive, many businesses, organizations, and families donate their time, services,
and money to aid Food Banks and provide gifts for the poor, or they may choose to help an individual family that is
in need.
Adapted from http://holidays.kaboose.com/xmas-around-boxingday.html
1.
Leia o texto acima preencha o quadro abaixo (em português). Tente inferir o significado das palavras
que você não conhece para entender o que se pede. Se não conseguir, use o dicionário. Mas, fique sempre
atento ao contexto em a palavra aparece.
NOME DA
CELEBRAÇÃO
QUANDO É
CELEBRADO?
ONDE? QUEM
CELEBRA?
POR QUÊ?
(HISTÓRICO)
ATIVIDADES
COMIDA TÍPICA /
PERSONAGEM
TÍPICO
2.
Escreva 5 palavras importantes para a compreensão do texto acima e dê seu significado em
português (você deverá ter inferido este significado e confirmado no dicionário).
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
3. CHINESE NEW YEAR
Chinese New Year – often called Chinese Lunar New Year - is the most important of the traditional
Chinese holidays. It is an all East and South-East-Asia celebration. In China it is known as "Spring
Festival". It marks the end of the winter season, similar to the Western carnival. The festival begins
on the first day of the first month in the traditional Chinese calendar and ends with Lantern
Festival which is on the 15th day. Chinese New Year's Eve, a day where Chinese families meet for their
annual reunion dinner, is known as Chú Xī or "Eve of the Passing Year." The origin of Chinese New Year is itself
centuries old and gains significance because of several myths and traditions. Ancient Chinese New Year is a
reflection on how the people behaved and what they believed in the most.
Chinese New Year is celebrated in countries and territories with significant Chinese populations, such as Mainland
China, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Tibet, Macau, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand, and also
in Chinatowns elsewhere. Chinese New Year is considered a major holiday for the Chinese and has had influence
on the New Year celebrations from other countries.
In China, regional customs and traditions concerning the celebration of the Chinese New Year vary widely. People
will spend their money to buy presents, decoration, material, food, and clothing. It is also the tradition that every
family carefully cleans the house to sweep away any ill-fortune in hopes to make way for good luck. Windows and
doors will be decorated with red color paper-cuts and couplets with popular themes of "happiness", "wealth", and
"longevity". On the Eve of Chinese New Year, supper is a feast with families. Food will include such items as pigs,
ducks, chicken and sweet delicacies. The family will end the night with firecrackers. Early the next morning,
children will greet their parents by wishing them a healthy and happy new year, and receive money in red paper
envelopes. The Chinese New Year tradition is to reconcile, forget all grudges and sincerely wish peace and
happiness for everyone.
Adapted from wikipedia
1.
Leia o texto acima preencha o quadro abaixo (em português). Tente inferir o significado das palavras
que você não conhece para entender o que se pede. Se não conseguir, use o dicionário. Mas, fique sempre
atento ao contexto em a palavra aparece.
NOME DA
CELEBRAÇÃO
QUANDO É
CELEBRADO?
ONDE? QUEM
CELEBRA?
POR QUÊ?
(HISTÓRICO)
ATIVIDADES
COMIDA TÍPICA /
PERSONAGEM
TÍPICO
2.
Escreva 5 palavras importantes para a compreensão do texto acima e dê seu significado em
português (você deverá ter inferido este significado e confirmado no dicionário).
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
4. HALLOWEEN
Halloween is celebrated on October 31st every year. The holiday began as a Celtic festival from
Ireland called Samhain. Halloween became more popular worldwide with the start of the Christian
holiday called All Saints Day. Halloween is traditionally a holiday that is meant to ward off evil spirits.
During the time of the Celtic traditions, people would carve out scary faces and figures in giant
turnips, place a candle inside, and set in their windows to scare away evil ghosts and enemies on
Halloween.
Nowadays the turnips have been replaced by orange pumpkins, but the carving tradition is still continued,
as well as lighting the pumpkins on the night of Halloween. The traditional colors that are used for most decorations
for Halloween are black and orange. There are certain characters that are associated with Halloween: ghosts,
witches, skeletons, vampires, werewolves, bats and black cats.
People celebrate Halloween by going trick-or-treating, which means to get dressed up in costumes to look like
traditional characters, such as witches or ghosts, and travel from house to house and say "trick or treat." If the
house is friendly they will give treats to those dressed in costumes, such as candy or small toys. However, if the
house does not give them any goodies, then the trick-or-treaters will play tricks on them, such as decorating the
yard with toilet paper or eggs. Many of the homes will already be decorated with scary graveyards or fake spider
webs to scare away evil spirits, as well as children who are trying to play pranks.
Most people who celebrate this holiday enjoy throwing costume parties where all the guests are dressed up
in the traditional characters of Halloween. Often there are costume contests to judge who has the best outfit. Apple
bobbing, a tradition that involves floating apples in water and participants attempting to grab the apple with only
their mouth, is popular for Halloween. Many children and adults get together and tell ghost stories and spooky tales
to scare one another while they eat the candies they collected during trick-or-treating.
Adapted from http://www.teach-nology.com/themes/holidays/
1.
Leia o texto acima preencha o quadro abaixo (em português). Tente inferir o significado das palavras
que você não conhece para entender o que se pede. Se não conseguir, use o dicionário. Mas, fique sempre
atento ao contexto em a palavra aparece.
NOME DA
CELEBRAÇÃO
QUANDO É
CELEBRADO?
ONDE? QUEM
CELEBRA?
POR QUÊ?
(HISTÓRICO)
ATIVIDADES
COMIDA TÍPICA /
PERSONAGEM
TÍPICO
2.
Escreva 5 palavras importantes para a compreensão do texto acima e dê seu significado em
português (você deverá ter inferido este significado e confirmado no dicionário).
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
5. HANUKKAH
Hanukkah is a Jewish holiday based around a tradition that is also called the Festival of Lights. Lasting for
eight days, Hanukkah revolves around the lighting of a special candle holder called a Menorah that holds
nine candles. Hanukkah is of great importance to the Jewish community because it is in remembrance of
the events surrounding the rededication of the Temple in Jerusalem during the second century BC.
Hanukkah means "to dedicate" in Hebrew and when the Jewish people rededicated the Temple of Jerusalem they also
regained control of Jerusalem, a holy site for the Jewish religion. The eight-day holiday starts at any time during the Hebrew
month of Kislev, which falls around the same time as the months of November and December, depending on the
geographical location of the celebration. This is because the Jewish tradition follows a different calendar, the Hebrew
calendar, while most other parts of society such as in the United States follows the Gregorian calendar.
The holiday of Hanukkah is symbolized by the exchanging of gifts, eating fried foods, and by lighting the Menorah. The small
tokens, called gilt, which is small amounts of coins, are given to each person. Foods fried or baked in olive oil are traditionally
served in honor of the olive oil that miraculously burned on the first Hanukkah. Special potato cakes called latkes in the
Yiddish language are popular to serve for Hanukkah as well as fried doughnuts filled with jelly and cheese products. These
traditional foods are an important part of Hanukkah because of the cooking with oil is representative of the olive oil that was
used in the first Menorah.
Adapted from http://www.teach-nology.com/themes/holidays/
1. Leia o texto acima preencha o quadro abaixo (em português). Tente inferir o significado das palavras que
você não conhece para entender o que se pede. Se não conseguir, use o dicionário. Mas, fique sempre atento
ao contexto em a palavra aparece.
NOME DA
CELEBRAÇÃO
QUANDO É
CELEBRADO?
ONDE? QUEM
CELEBRA?
POR QUÊ?
(HISTÓRICO)
ATIVIDADES
COMIDA TÍPICA /
PERSONAGEM
TÍPICO
2. Escreva 5 palavras importantes para a compreensão do texto acima e dê seu significado em português
(você deverá ter inferido este significado e confirmado no dicionário).
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
6. KWANZAA
The "First Fruits" of the harvest holiday have been celebrated by the African people for ages now.
That is the basics of learning all about Kwanzaa. It is kind of like the Pilgrims Thanksgiving.
Families would get together to take a look at their lives, give thanks for everything they had, and
plan for the future. They would also look back at their history and celebrate the heroes of their
past.
The holiday was begun by Dr. Maulana Karenga in 1966. Now it is celebrated for seven days
starting on December 26th and going until January 1st. This part of the holiday sort of
resembles the Jewish holiday Hanukkah. Kwanzaa is meant to help African Americans
remember their traditions and where they came from. To celebrate they use candles. They have a candleholder
called a kinara, which holds 3 red candles, one black candle, and 3 green candles. Each night, one of the candles
is lit and each candle stands for something different. The colors of the Kwanzaa are black, red and green. The
black candle is meant to represent the color of the people. The red candle is a representation of the struggles that
the African Americans went through all over history. Green is a color of hope, and also for the colors of the hills of
Africa.
There are seven principles behind the idea of Kwanzaa, which of course go along with the seven days and the
seven candles. These Principles are called the NGUZO, which means SABA or The Seven Principles.
They are:
1. Umojoa, which means unity. This includes unity in the family, the community, the nation and in our race.
2. Kujichagulia, which means self-determination. This is meant to say how we define, name, create or speak for
ourselves and how others see us.
3. Ujima which means collective work and responsibility. This means to build our community and help solve the
problems of our brothers and sisters and to do it together.
4. Ujamaa stands for cooperative economics. To build and maintain our own stores, shops and other businesses
and to profit from them together.
5. Nia stands for purpose and it means to develop our community and restore our community to its traditional
greatness.
6. Kuumba is for creativity. This means to do all that we can in any way that we can to keep and leave our
community better than when we first got there.
7. Imani is the seventh and final symbol. It stands for faith. It means to believe everything that we have: in our
leaders, our parents, and the goodness of our struggle.
Adapted from http://www.teach-nology.com/themes/holidays/
1. Leia o texto acima preencha o quadro abaixo (em português). Tente inferir o significado das palavras que
você não conhece para entender o que se pede. Se não conseguir, use o dicionário. Mas, fique sempre atento
ao contexto em a palavra aparece.
NOME DA
CELEBRAÇÃO
QUANDO É
CELEBRADO?
ONDE? QUEM
CELEBRA?
POR QUÊ?
(HISTÓRICO)
ATIVIDADES
COMIDA TÍPICA /
PERSONAGEM
TÍPICO
2. Escreva 5 palavras importantes para a compreensão do texto acima e dê seu significado em português
(você deverá ter inferido este significado e confirmado no dicionário).
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
7. MARDI GRAS
Mardi Gras is music, parades, picnics, floats, excitement ... and one big holiday in New Orleans, in the
American state of Louisiana.
Everyone wears purple, green, and gold; and adorned with long beads
caught from the beautiful floats. They sit on the ground throwing balls, playing music, having a picnic,
and watching the crowds walk by between parades. All of the businesses and roads are practically
shut down - people walk everywhere and meet new friends. People are dressed in crazy costumes
and kids love it!
The origins of Mardi Gras can be traced to Medieval Europe, but the origins of the Mardi Gras we celebrate today -with Kings, Mardi Gras colors, and brass bands - are traced to New Orleans. The celebration of Mardi Gras was
introduced to the state of Louisiana by early French settlers. The first record of the holiday being celebrated in
Louisiana was on March 3, 1699 when people celebrated it as part of an observance of Catholic practice.
The starting date of festivities in New Orleans is unknown. An account from 1743 notes that the custom of Carnival
balls was already established. Processions and wearing of masks in the streets on Mardi Gras took place. They
were sometimes prohibited by law, and were quickly renewed whenever such restrictions were banned. In 1833 a
rich farmer of French descent, raised money to fund an official Mardi Gras celebration.
Masks, Music, and Anarchy
French royals, feather-covered showgirls, Energizer bunnies, painted clowns, masked lions—you can find them all
in the streets of New Orleans at Mardi Gras. By dawn on that most famous Tuesday, people go to the streets to
watch fabulous floats, outrageous performers, and celebrities go by. Many people travel hundreds of miles to be a
part of the excitement. Marching bands, some of them founded more than a century ago, also take to the streets
with music and festive dress. They open the day by spreading jazz music through the city before the more than 350
floats and 15,000 costumed paraders take over the scene. Crazy costumes and wild make-up are the order of the
day for both paraders and parade-watchers.
For more information, visit http://www.mardigrasneworleans.com
1. Leia o texto acima preencha o quadro abaixo (em português). Tente inferir o significado das palavras que
você não conhece para entender o que se pede. Se não conseguir, use o dicionário. Mas, fique sempre atento
ao contexto em que a palavra aparece.
NOME DA
CELEBRAÇÃO
QUANDO É
CELEBRADO?
ONDE? QUEM
CELEBRA?
POR QUÊ?
(HISTÓRICO)
ATIVIDADES
COMIDA TÍPICA /
PERSONAGEM
TÍPICO
2. Escreva 5 palavras importantes para a compreensão do texto acima e dê seu significado em português
(você deverá ter inferido este significado e confirmado no dicionário).
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
8. SAINT PATRICK’S DAY
St. Patrick's Day is celebrated on March 17, his religious feast day and the anniversary of his death in the fifth
century. The Irish have observed this day as a religious holiday for over a thousand years. On St.
Patrick's Day, which falls during the Christian season of Lent, Irish families would traditionally
attend church in the morning and celebrate in the afternoon. Lenten prohibitions against the
consumption of meat were waived and people would dance, drink and feast—on the traditional meal
of Irish bacon and cabbage.
http://www.history.com/topics/st-patricks-day
Facts about St. Patrick's Day Holiday
St. Patrick’s Day is observed on March 17 because that is the feast day of St. Patrick, the patron saint of Ireland. It is
believed that he died on March 17 in the year 461 AD. It is also a worldwide celebration of Irish culture and history. St.
Patrick’s Day is a national holiday in Ireland, and a provincial holiday in the Canadian province of Newfoundland and
Labrador.
In Ireland on St. Patrick’s Day, people traditionally wear a small bunch of shamrocks on their jackets or caps.
Children wear orange, white and green badges, and women and girls wear green ribbons in their hair.
Many cities have a St. Patrick’s Day parade. Dublin, the capital of Ireland, has a huge St. Patrick’s Day festival from
March 15-19, that features a parade, family carnivals, treasure hunt, dance, theatre and more. In North American,
parades are often held on the Sunday before March 17. Some paint the yellow street lines green for the day! In Chicago,
the Chicago River is dyed green with a special dye that only lasts a few hours. There has been a St. Patrick’s Day parade
in Boston, Massachusetts since 1737. Montreal is home to Canada’s longest running St. Patrick’s Day
parade, which began in 1824.
Facts about Saint Patrick
A shamrock
St. Patrick was born in 385 AD somewhere along the west coast of Britain, possibly in the Welsh
town of Banwen. At age 16, he was captured and sold into slavery to a sheep farmer. He escaped
when he was 22 and spent the next 12 years in a monastery. In his 30s he returned to Ireland as a Christian missionary.
He died at Saul in 461 AD and is buried at Downpatrick.
http://holidays.kaboose.com/saint-patricks-day/quick_facts.html
1.
Leia o texto acima preencha o quadro abaixo (em português). Tente inferir o significado das palavras
que você não conhece para entender o que se pede. Se não conseguir, use o dicionário. Mas, fique sempre
atento ao contexto em que a palavra aparece.
NOME DA
CELEBRAÇÃO
QUANDO É
CELEBRADO?
ONDE?
POR QUEM?
POR QUÊ?
(HISTÓRICO)
ATIVIDADES
COMIDA TÍPICA /
PERSONAGEM
TÍPICO
2.
Escreva 5 palavras importantes para a compreensão do texto acima e dê seu significado em
português (você deverá ter inferido este significado e confirmado no dicionário).
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
9. VALENTINE’S DAY
February 14th is known as the most romantic day of the year. It is known as Saint Valentine's
Day, or Valentine's day for short. It is usually celebrated by giving someone you care about
something special. This could be a card, candy, lingerie, stuffed animal, or jewelry. It is a fun
and exciting day, but not many people know the history behind Valentine’s Day.
Believe it or not, Valentine's Day was not made up in order to have people buy more flowers and presents a month
and a half after Christmas. Valentine's Day is actually a Christian Holiday called Saint Valentine's Day. By
celebrating it we are following an ancient Christian and Roman Catholic Holiday.
So how did Valentine's Day come to be? This is a mystery wrapped in a riddle. There are several legends that are
in contention for the explanation.
The first legend is set in the third century when there was a priest by the name of Valentine. At the time Claudius II
was ruler of Rome. Claudius II felt that his soldiers would be much better if they were single and did not have to
worry about wives. Because of this, Claudius outlawed marriage of his soldiers. However, Valentine secretly went
against this law and married young couples.
Adapted from http://www.teach-nology.com/themes/holidays/
1. Leia o texto acima preencha o quadro abaixo (em português). Tente inferir o significado das palavras que
você não conhece para entender o que se pede. Se não conseguir, use o dicionário. Mas, fique sempre atento
ao contexto em que a palavra aparece.
NOME DA
CELEBRAÇÃO
QUANDO É
CELEBRADO?
ONDE?
POR QUEM?
POR QUÊ?
(HISTÓRICO)
ATIVIDADES
COMIDA TÍPICA /
PERSONAGEM
TÍPICO
2. Escreva 5 palavras importantes para a compreensão do texto acima e dê seu significado em português
(você deverá ter inferido este significado e confirmado no dicionário).
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
10.
CHRISTMAS
Christmas is a holiday that occurs every December 25th. The holiday has roots in Christianity as it celebrates the
birth of Jesus in Bethlehem after a miraculous journey by his parents to find a safe place to have
their son. The day of Christmas is not believed to be the same day that Jesus was born, but most
people think that the two events happened around the same time period. Most people do not
celebrate Christmas only as the birth event of Jesus, but rather as a holiday filled with joy and the
giving spirit.
Christmas is celebrated in Christian churches through the use of nativity scenes, where figures or real people dress
up. The scene is placed in an animal barn, called a manger, and has the characters from the story that is told in the
Bible, including Jesus, his mom Mary, his dad Joseph, as well as the shepherds, wise men and farm animals that
were at the animal manger during Jesus' birth. The story of Jesus' birth is retold to celebrate the religious meaning
of Christmas for the Christian people.
Christmas is a joyous time when people give gifts and spend time with other people. The main character of
Christmas is Santa Claus, also known as Father Christmas, Saint Nicholas, and Kris Kringle, who is believed to
make gifts in his hometown of the North Pole with the use of elves according to the wish lists of children all over the
world. Santa Claus delivers all the gifts that are made at the North Pole by using magical flying reindeer to pull his
big red sleigh through the skies during the night before Christmas. Then on Christmas morning children wake up to
find that Santa Claus has left all the presents they asked for under the traditional Christmas tree, which is
decorated with ornaments, lights and figurines. Children often leave out treats and milk for Santa Claus to eat
because they believe he must be extremely tired and hungry from making all those deliveries. People also hang
stockings, which are oversized socks that are decorated for Christmas, above the fireplace for Santa Claus to fill
with presents.
Adapted from http://www.teach-nology.com/themes/holidays/
1. Leia o texto acima preencha o quadro abaixo (em português). Tente inferir o significado das palavras que
você não conhece para entender o que se pede. Se não conseguir, use o dicionário. Mas, fique sempre atento
ao contexto em que a palavra aparece.
NOME DA
CELEBRAÇÃO
QUANDO É
CELEBRADO?
ONDE?
POR QUEM?
POR QUÊ?
(HISTÓRICO)
ATIVIDADES
COMIDA TÍPICA /
PERSONAGEM
TÍPICO
2. Escreva 5 palavras importantes para a compreensão do texto acima e dê seu significado em português
(você deverá ter inferido este significado e confirmado no dicionário).
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________