Aplicações do Etanol para Motores Automotivos
Dual Fuel Diesel – Ethanol Engines
VEHICULAR ENGINEERING LABORATORY
Sergio L. Braga
Rio de Janeiro, RJ
Outubro, 2012
Sergio L. Braga
[email protected]
Team
PROFESSORS
Ana Rosa Martins - PhD
Carlos Valois Maciel Braga – PhD
Juan José Milón Guzmán – UCSP – PhD
Luis Fernando Figueira da Silva – PhD
Marcos Sebastião de Paula Gomes – PhD
Sergio Leal Braga – PhD
RESEARCH ENGINEERS
Epifânio Mamani Ticona – PhD
Fernando Zegarra Sanchez - MSc
Giovanni Calfa Neto
Gustavo Vianna Cezar - MSc
Jorge Dias Lage - MSc
Juan Carlos Valdez Loaiza – MSc
Julio Cesar Egusquiza – PhD
Leonardo Costa Braga - MSc
Nestor Correa Cotelo - MSc
Rogério Rodrigues
Severino A. Wanderley
ADMINISTRATION
Janaína Braga
Alexandre
TECHNICAL SUPPORT
Bruno Alves Maia
Felipe de Araújo Gomes
Gerson Silvério
Gilson Coutinho Pradanoff
Jorge Ricardo Moura de Souza Júnior
Raí Pereira de Gouveia
STUDENTS
Antonio Carlos Scardini Villela - D
Alfredo Pinto Fontoura Filho – G
Augusto Cesar da Rosa Correia - G
Eduardo Bolonhez - M
Felipe Murad - G
Fiorella Del Carmen Alvaro Cabrera - M
Igor Soares Campos - G
Luis Alberto Navarro Rosales - M
Luis Gustavo Poli - M
Marvin Chancan Leon – M
Pedro Marcondes Montaleone – M
Pedro Romano – M
Rodolfo de Oliveira da Paixão - G
LEV / PUC - Rio
LABORATÓRIO DE
ENGENHARIA VEICULAR
Vehicle Test Facilities
Chassis Dynamometer
Vehicle Test Facilities
Emission Analysis
OBS 2200 HORIBA
On Board System
Engine Test Facilities
AVL START 240 (240 kW, 8.000 RPM, 600 Nm)
Engine Test Facilities
AVL START 240 (AVL-Start High Speed Data Acquisition)
Engine Test Facilities
AVL APA 404/8 (440 kW, 8.000 RPM, 2000Nm)
Engine Test Facilities
AVL APA 404/8 (AVL Puma-Open Automation System)
Engine Test Facilities
IMEP - Indicated Mean
Effective Pressure
AVL Piezoelectric Pressure Sensor
Installed in one of the Engine's Cylinders
AVL Indimeter
Data Acquisition System
Engine Test Facilities
Emissions Test Instruments
AVL 439 Opacimeter and
AVL 415s Smoke Meter
for particulate emission
evaluation of the exhaust gas.
TESTO 350 XL System to
measure the CO, HC, NOX,
O2 concentrations of the
exhaust gas.
Combustion Test Facilities
Rapid Compression Machine – Testem / High Speed Camera - Photron
Prior Experience
Concluded Projects
DIESEL /GÁS (2002/04) - FINEP CTPETRO-PETROBRAS
ROLO80 (2002/04) - FINEP CTPETRO-PETROBRAS
DIESEL /GÁS II (2004/05) - PETROBRAS
RODOVIÁRIO (2005/07) - FINEP CTPETRO-PETROBRAS
EMISSÕES (2005/06) - BRASYMPE
COGERAR (2005/06) - BRASYMPE
GERAÇÃO DIESEL / GÁS (2005/07) - BRASYMPE
Prior Experience
Concluded Projects
SUBSDIESEL (2005/07) - BRASYMPE
PROJETO FERROVIÁRIO (2006/08) - VALE-PETROBRAS-BR/ESWHITE
COMP/RÁPIDA (2007/10) - FINEP CTPETRO-PETROBRAS
DIESEL /GÁS III (2008/09) - PUC
DIESEL /BIOGÁS (2009) - ETE ALEGRIA
LEV 80 (2009) – PETROBRAS
FERRY BOAT (2007/10) – TWB
EP6 COLD START (2010-2012) – PUC – PSA – IFP
Concluded Projects – DIESEL/GÁS
Concluded Projects – DIESEL/GAS
40
117,4 cv
105,6 cv
35
Rendimento Térmico (%)
83,1 cv
30
25
58,0 cv
30,5 cv
20
15
16,9 cv
10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Taxa de Substituição Diesel/Gás
70
80
90
100
Concluded Projects – DIESEL/GÁS
60.0
Concentração de Particulados (mg/m3)
50.0
117,4 cv
40.0
30.0
105,6 cv
20.0
83,1 cv
10.0
30,5 cv
16,9 cv
0 cv
0.0
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Taxa de Substituição Diesel/Gás
70
80
90
100
Experimental evaluation and Diesel engine performace
predictions consuming natural gas
MWM 4.07 TCA
MWM 4.10 TCA
MWM D229 - 6
TD229 – EC6
Diesel/Gas Engines on AVL Test Bed Dynamometer (START 240)
Fonte: (Pereira, 2006)
First Electric Generators Convertion Kit
Second Generation Kits
Concluded Project - LOCOMOTIVA
Combustion Test Facilities
Rapid Compression Machine – Testem / High Speed Camera - Photron
Experimental Apparatus
Air
Rapid
Compression
Machine
Natural Gas
High Speed
Camera
Diesel
Experimental Apparatus
Admission Air
and Natural
Gas
Injector
Solenoide
Pressure
Sensor
Amplifier
Rail
High
Pressure
Pump
Test Section
RCM Control Room
Diesel Results
Diesel – Gas Preliminar Results
Diesel e Diesel – Gas Results
Diesel and Diesel – Gas Results
Diesel Combustion
Diesel – Gas Combustion
Concluded Project : Naval Propulsion
Concluded Project : Naval Propulsion
Evolution of the Kit Diesel/Gás
Performance of a Diesel Engine Operating in
Ethanol-Diesel Bi-Fuel Mode
Installations of Experimental Engine Test Bed (Engine MWM 4.10 TCA).
Performance of a Diesel Engine Operating in
Ethanol-Diesel Bi-Fuel Mode
50
100% Carga
75% Carga
40
Rendimento Térmico (%)
51% Carga
30
27% Carga
20
11% Carga
10
0
0
10
20
30
40
50
Taxa de Substituição Diesel / Álcool (%)
60
70
Performance of a Diesel Engine Operating in
Ethanol-Diesel Bi-Fuel Mode
600
500
Temperatura de Escape (oC)
Diesel
400
Diesel-Álcool
300
200
100
0
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Fração da Carga (%)
70
80
90
100
110
Performance of a Diesel Engine Operating in
Ethanol-Diesel Bi-Fuel Mode
p (bar)
1800 rpm
100%
TS = 0%
TS = 47,2%
TS = 42,6%
TS = 31,6%
TS = 20,8%
TS = 10,9%
ângulo (graus)
Prior Experience
THEMATIC NETWORKS
REGIONAL CENTER OF COMPETENCE IN OIL
VEHICULAR DEVELOPMENT
NATURAL GAS TECNOLOGY
STELLAB PSA PEUGEOT CITRÖEN
AWARDS
PETROBRAS DE TECNOLOGIA 2ª EDIÇÃO - 2005
Tecnologia do Uso do Gás Natural – Doutorado
I PRÊMIO BAHIAGÁS DE INOVAÇÃO – FAPESB – 2008
PETROBRAS DE TECNOLOGIA 4ª EDIÇÃO - 2008
Tecnologia do Uso do Gás Natural – Doutorado
STELLAB PSA PEUGEOT CITRÖEN
Current Projects
MCR-FLEX (2008-12) – PUC – PETROBRAS – IFP
ENGINE TEST BENCH (2010-2012) – PUC – WEG – CNPq
OPTFLEX (2012-2013) – PUC – PSA – PETROBRAS
HCCI (2012-2014) – PUC – PSA
DI ETHANOL (2012-2014) – PUC – PSA
DIESEL-ETHANOL (2012-2014) – PUC – PSA
HYBRID BUS (2012-.....) – PUC - ......
URBAN ELECTRIC VEHICLE (2012-.....) – PUC - ......
Actual Major Cooperation Partners
PETROBRAS – Brasil – 2002 – Engines, vehicles and fuels
FINEP – Brasil – 2002 – Energy and vehicles
UFPR – Brasil – 2004 - Fuels
UCSP – Peru – 2004 - Fuels
UTN – Argentina – 2006 - Fuels
FRAUNHOFER – Germany – 2006 - NDT
IFP - France – 2007 – CFD – Optical Methods
INMETRO – Brasil - 2007 – Biofuels
WEG – BRASIL – 2009 – Automation and Power Train
PSA – BRASIL – 2010 – Biofuel Combustion
New Installations
LEV-01
LEV-02 – NRCP – PUC-Rio - 2011
LEV-03 – PTI – INMETRO – Duque de
Caxias - 2012
New Installations
LEV-01
Will be remodeled to
serve as a vehicle
workshop
• Electric / Hybrid
• Formula University
Extension Basement – LEV-02
Space for advanced
fundamental studies.
• Combustion (HCCI,
CAI,…)
• Transparent Engines
• Rapid Compression
Machines
• Automation (HCCI….)
• Development of engine
and chassis
dynamometers
PTI – INMETRO – LEV-03
PTI – INMETRO – LEV-03
PTI – INMETRO – LEV-03
PTI – INMETRO – LEV-03
PTI – INMETRO – LEV-03
FINEP Infra
Existing - PUC-Rio
CNPq - WEG
Approved BNDES
Acquired RTDV
To be acquired
Sergio L. Braga
[email protected]