GLOBAL CONFERENCE 2014
FORTALEZA - BRAZIL
Innovation as a strategy to maintain traditional
activities: a comparative study on fishing industry in
the Brazilian regions of Para and Santa Catarina and
Galicia, Spain.
AUTHOR’S:
Prof. P.h.D. Ana Paula V. Bastos (UFPA – Brazil)
Prof. Dr. José Nazareno A. dos Santos (UFPA – Brazil)
Prof. P.h.D. Manuel González-López (USC – Spain)
Areas and object of study:
• Areas:
– Santa Catarina – south Brazil:
• Main producer of fish from Brazil.
– Pará – Northern Brazil:
• Second largest producer of fish from Brazil.
– Galicia – Spain:
• Main producing region of fish in Spain.
• Object:
– Fishing enterprises in the industrial sector;
– Development an adoption of innovations.
Data colletion
• Questionnaire on Innovation and Firms
involvement with local context:
– 33 firms interviewed in three areas.
– Santa Catarina:
• 11 firms.
– Pará:
• 12 firms.
– Galicia – Spain:
• 10 firms.
Innovative performance
• Methodology:
– Factorial analysis model:
• Where:
•
•
•
•
X i = are i variables ( i = 1, 2, ..., p)
F1, F2, ..., Fk= are extracted factors;
Ai = are factorial ponderations(i=1..., k);
i = are i unique factors.
Innovative performance
• Methodology:
– Factorial analysis model:
• Factor definition:
– Fj = λj1X1 + λj2X2 + λj3X3 + ..., + λjnXn
– Where:
•
•
•
•
Fj: i factor;
λji: are coefficients score factors;
Xn: are n observations of possible variables;
n: number of n variables.
Innovative performance
• Methodology:
– Factorial analysis model:
• Indicator innovative performance:
– Donde:
• λ: é a variância explicada por cada fator;
• ∑λ: é a soma total da variância explicada pelo conjunto de fatores comuns:
• FP: é o escore fatorial padronizado, ou seja, é o procedimento realizado para tornar os
escores originais positivos a fim de permitir a hierarquização das empresas. O FP tem
valores compreendidos no intervalo de 0 a 1. Sua expressão matemática é:
– Donde:
• Fi: é o valor do escore fatorial a ser padronizado;
• Fmin: é o valor mínimo observado para o conjunto de escores fatoriais extraídos;
• Fmax: é o valor máximo observado para o conjunto de escores fatoriais extraídos.
Innovative performance
• Results Innovative Performance Indicator:
Unity
Innovative Performance Indicator
SPAIN SANTA CATARINA PARÁ
Enterprise 1
Enterprise 2
Enterprise 3
Enterprise 4
Enterprise 5
Enterprise 6
Enterprise 7
Enterprise 8
Enterprise 9
Enterprise 10
Enterprise 11
Enterprise 12
0,842
0,576
0,485
0,331
0,996
0,686
0,304
0,258
0,905
0,987
-
0,390
0,813
0,510
0,831
0,942
0,881
0,579
0,494
0,080
0,847
0,611
-
0,546
0,781
0,261
0,699
0,240
0,700
0,328
0,466
0,000
0,428
0,397
0,510
Mean
0,637
0,634
0,446
Median
0,631
0,611
0,447
Source: survey data, 2012/2013
Legend:
High
Medium
Low
Main results of the questionnaire
• Firms are production process innovators.
• The more innovative firms are located where
the agglomeration effects are present and
where the environment is more competitive, in
general.
• Innovation had been prolonging firms activity
and its sustainability concerns
Conclusions
• Although highly dependent on resources location, this
study permits to conclude that innovation is an
entrepreneurial activity, depends more on agents
trajectory than in the environment
• However when the institutional arrangement is formal,
and works together for a more innovative environment
(Galicia), thus more mature, we assist to more changes
in the firms’ strategies and that leads to more
innovation.
• Regulated environments (Galicia and Santa Catarina)
lead to a more innovative responds from the producers,
that change production strategies more often.
Conclusions
• Competitive and regulated environments are
important to produce changes in innovative
strategies of firms.
• Traditional fishing areas remain important
despite stocks decline
• Environmental issues are getting more space in
the innovative initiatives
• When located in small and less diversified
cities, the dependency on this activity is higher