Center for Public Policies
Annual Report
2012
Consultative Board
Claudio L. S. Haddad
Joaquim Levy
Marcos Lisboa
Naercio Aquino Menezes Filho
Ricardo Paes de Barros
Rinaldo Artes
Director Board
Chairman - Claudio L. S. Haddad
Research Coordinator - Naercio Aquino Menezes Filho
Associate Professor
Carlos Alberto Furtado de Melo
Eduardo de Carvalho Andrade
Marcelo Rodrigues dos Santos
Regina Carla Madalozzo
Rodrigo Menon Simões Moita
Tatiana Mercier Querido Farina
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Contents
Núcleo Ciência Pela Infância (NCPI) .................................................................................3
Rede de Economia Aplicada (REAP) .................................................................................5
2nd Public Policies Forum .................................................................................................6
International Seminar “Triumph of the City” ..................................................................7
CPP Debate ........................................................................................................................8
CPP Lecture........................................................................................................................9
CPP’s clipping ..................................................................................................................10
CPP’s research .................................................................................................................11
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Núcleo Ciência Pela Infância (NCPI)
The Center for Public Policies (CPP) holds a partnership with Fundação Maria Cecília
Souto Vidigal (FMCSV), Center on the Developing Child (CDC) at Harvard University, Harvard’s
David Rockfeller Center for Latin American Studies (DRCLAS) and University of São Paulo’s
Faculty of Medicine (FMUSP) since 2011. This partnership developed the Núcleo Ciência pela
Infância (NCPI) – Science Center for Childhood – which aims the development of public policies
for early childhood at Brazil.
Early childhood is considered a crucial moment in the human’s development and
several scientific researchers have devoted some time in this subject, neuroscience above all
else. In a Harvard’s study have been observed that risk experiences and stressful situations can
affect the child’s development by changing his genetic structure. These negative experiences
are related to nutritional and familiar problems, and in a certain way they can reduce the
effectiveness of posterior educational public policies.
NCPI’s main line of action focus on translating scientific knowledge into a more
common language, making possible the reading of academic research by a wider audience. The
goal is to help the public sector and childhood professionals in their daily work through the use
of scientific knowledge. The NCPI promotes a network between researchers in areas like
education, neuroscience, psychology, medicine and economics providing data and exchange of
knowledge in the field of early childhood. Another line of action aims the preparation of
leaderships in this field in order to develop best practices in public policies and first generation
programs that can reduce inequalities in the well-being of Brazil’s children.
Programa de Liderança Executiva em Desenvolvimento da Primeira Infância (Executive
Leadership Program in Early Childhood Development) was NCPI’s first move and concluded in
June 2012. This program aimed to engage policy makers, non-profit institution’s executives
and NGO’s directors into developing best practices in their social programs. NCPI is the first
action outside of the United State of America from CDC-Harvard.
NCPI Scientific Forum at Insper and the 2nd Early Childhood Development Symposium
The NCPI’s members and guests promoted two events in São Paulo, Brazil. First they
held a meeting at Insper to discuss about early childhood development which was attended by
Dr. Charles Nelson III, Professor of Neuroscience and Pediatric at Harvard Medical School, and
Flávio Cunha, Professor at Penn University. Then they participated in the 2nd Early Childhood
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Development Symposium which proposal was to rethink about problems in communication
between the scientific community and policy makers. There were presentations of study cases
and national strategy, as well international, to deal with this problem. The event brought
together opinions from academics, politicians and civil society.
For more information about NCPI visit: www.ncpi.org.br
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Rede de Economia Aplicada (REAP)
Rede de Economia Aplicada (REAP) – Applied Economics Network – is a project
bringing together dozens of academic researchers based in the principles of the National
Bureau of Economics Research (NBER). Its main goal is to discuss about important questions in
some areas of the Brazilian society and help to formulate public policies in these areas. REAP’s
website is live and offers several academic research in these themes: Education and Health;
Labor, Poverty and Inequality; Industrial Organization and Crime; Macroeconomics and
Economic Development; Monetary Economics.
Naercio Menezes Filho (Insper and FEA-USP) – Coordinates ‘Education and Health’.
André Portela Souza (FGV-EESP) – Coordinates ‘Labor, Poverty and Inequality’.
João Manoel Mello (PUC-Rio) – Coordinates ‘Industrial Organization and Crime’.
Pedro Ferreira (EPGE-FGV) – Coordinates ‘Macroeconomics and Economic Development’.
Carlos Viana de Carvalho (PUC-Rio) – Coordinates ‘Monetary Economics’.
REAP’s launch and seminars.
REAP’s launch occurred at April 10, 2012, bringing together many academic
researchers, including Ricardo Paes de Barros, sub secretary at ‘Secretaria de Assuntos
Estratégicos da Presidência da República’ – Strategic Issues Secretary of Presidency of the
Republic – and also an expert in social policies in Brazil.
REAP held several seminars at June 27 and 28, 2012, in which paper works were
discussed in the five themes mentioned above. These seminars had been attended by
academic researchers from inside and outside of REAP.
For more information about REAP visit: www.reap.org.br
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2nd Public Policies Forum
The Center for Public Policies (CPP) held a second edition of the Public Policies Forum
at August 20, 2012. The Forum brought together national and international experts to debate
important themes in Brazil’s public policy agenda. This agenda includes health policies, quality
and problems in electoral system and the conciliation of economic growth and sustainability.
The second edition of the Public Policies Forum was divided in three themes and had
the attendance of the following researchers and experts:

Health Policies:
Amitabh Chandra, Professor of Public Policy at Harvard Kennedy School of Government.
Monica Viegas Andrade, Professor of Health Economics at Federal University of Minas Gerais
(UFMG).
Moderator: Naercio Menezes Filho, Professor and Researcher at Insper and University of São
Paulo (USP).

Brazilian Electoral System:
Thomas Fujiwara, Professor of Economics at Princeton University (New Jersey, USA).
Fernanda Leon, Professor of Economics at University of East Anglia (Norwich, United
Kingdom).
Fernando Limongi, Professor of Politics Science at University of São Paulo (USP).
Moderator: Carlos Melo, Professor and Researcher at Insper.

Economic Growth and Sustainability:
Ricardo Abramovay, Professor at Economics Department at University of São Paulo (USP).
André Nassar, Director-General in Institute for International Trade Negotiations (ICONE).
Moderator: Luciana Ferreira, Professor and Researcher at Insper.
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International Seminar “Triumph of the City”
The International Seminar “Triumph of the City” was held by Center for Public Policies
and discussed the importance of metropolitan centers in the life quality of people and in
economic growth. The following persons attended the seminar: Edward Glaeser, Economics
Professor at Harvard and author of the book “Triumph of the City”; Gilberto Kassab, former
São Paulo’s mayor; José Serra, former candidate to São Paulo’s city hall; Manuela D’Ávila,
former candidate to Porto Alegre’s city hall.
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CPP Debate
The Center for Public Policies (CPP) promotes debates about important subjects in the
Brazilian economy and society. These debates consist in presentation of a subject by an expert
followed by discussion with students and guests. In 2012 two debates were held:

Crack: How to deal with drug dealers and drug users?
The new federal policy implemented to fight crack revealed the real situation of this
drug in Brazil and the problems in integrating social services, legal sector and police forces to
deal with this epidemic. Experts in this subject had debated about the peculiarities of this drug
and public policies that can have better results. This debate had been attended by: Pedro
Viera Abramovay (Professor of Criminal and Constitutional Law at Getúlio Vargas Foundation’s
Law School/FGV-RJ) and João Manuel de Pinho Mello (Professor at Economics Department at
Pontifical Catholic University/PUC-Rio) and moderated by Naercio Aquino de Menezes Filho
(Insper and University of São Paulo).

How to improve our soccer management?
Soccer is one of Brazil’s passion but even so our soccer management still far away from
excellence. There is a dual reality: great championships and crowds, as well a bunch of
excellent players that co-exist with lack of professionalism, high debts and difficulties in
keeping our best players in the country. How we can improve our management,
professionalism and keep our best players? These subjects were debated by: Luiz Alvaro de
Oliveira Ribeiro (entrepreneur and chairman at Santos Futebol Clube) and Luis Paulo
Rosemberg (economist and former member of marketing staff at Sport Club Corinthians
Paulista).
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CPP Lecture
1) CPP Lecture: Strategy and Public-Private Partnerships
In your 3rd edition, the CPP Lecture brought Bertrand Quélin, Professor at HEC-Paris,
to teach about Public-Private Partnerships. The mini course was directed to the student
community at Insper and had 9 hours duration.
The goal of this mini course was to give basic knowledge about Public-Private
Partnerships in order to allow the students to analyze viability and implications of business in
this area. Professor Bertrand talked about subjects in this area, like the Public-Private
Partnership contributions to economic growth, legal, regulatory and contractual aspects and
financial models. Energy, water, residue management, transport and health were the main
focus of discussion.
2) CPP Lecture: Topics in International Finance and Empirical Asset Pricing
The 4th edition of CPP Lecture addressed the theme International Finance and
Empirical Asset Pricing. This event took place at Insper and was presented by Geert Bekaert,
Professor of Finance and Economics at Columbia Business School. The mini course was
directed to the student community at Insper and had 7 hour and 30 minutes duration.
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CPP’s clipping
‘O Estado de São Paulo’ newspaper in October 22, 2012, published a special report
‘Desafios Brasileiros’ – Brazilian Challenges – which contained one of Center for Public Policies’
analysis. This analysis observed the wage differences derived from different educational
attainment. The report showed that these wage differences are decreasing between people
who stopped at the high school and those who have a college degree. Even so the wage
bonuses are still higher for those who have a college degree. Following there is parts of this
special report.
By Cássia Almeida with cooperation of Henrique Gomes Batista in ‘Desafios Brasileiros”:
Mais estudo, mais renda. Essa lógica permanece arraigada no imaginário brasileiro como algo
inquestionável. Porém, a desigualdade traduzida na diferença salarial entre os níveis de
instrução vem caindo há duas décadas. O abismo maior está entre os que concluíram o ensino
superior na comparação com os que só estudaram até o ensino médio. Ter diploma
universitário garante uma renda 167% maior ante o último ciclo do ensino obrigatório (ensino
médio).
Essa distância, no entanto, já foi maior. Em 2002, o “prêmio” de renda para quem tinha
diploma universitário na mão chegava a 192%, o ponto mais alto nas últimas décadas. Em
1995, o abismo era de 134%. Só 12,5% da população ocupada brasileira tem curso superior
concluído e a taxa de desemprego é de 3,8% ante os 6,7% da média da força de trabalho.
“Aumentou a oferta de mão de obra com ensino médio, mas não tanto no ensino superior. A
demanda por esses profissionais cresceu muito”, afirmou Naercio Menezes Filho, coordenador
do Centro de Políticas Públicas do Insper, que fez os cruzamentos usando a Pesquisa Nacional
por Amostra de Domicílios (Pnad), feita pelo IBGE.
Quer dizer, a diferença vem caindo, mas o prêmio por mais educação que o mercado paga
ainda é altíssimo nos maiores níveis de instrução. E, claro, o emprego é pleno. A taxa de
desemprego desse grupo é de apenas 1,4%. Ou seja, estudar ainda vale muito a pena.]”
Source: O Estado de São Paulo, online edition in October 22, 2012, special report “Desafios
Brasileiros”.
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CPP’s research
The Center for Public Policies (CPP) realizes several scientific researches in some areas.
For example, we prepared the Educational Perspective of Brazil in 2012 which analyze the
educational situation in the country through a period of time. It shows numbers of enrollment
by grades, national educational tests results and other characteristics of the Brazilian scholar
system.
In the graph below we can observe an increasing number of people that study (and do
not have a job) between 1995 and 2003 for every age, but it decreased between 2003 and
2011 for those with 18 years old or more. The same occurred to people who works and study
at the same time. This result can be partly due to an increase in numbers of people who
concludes the high school and stopped to study. More research is under development to
understand this scenario.
Graphic: Percentage of adolescents that only study, by age and year.
Source: Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra Domiciliar (PNAD) – IBGE.
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Another example is the variation in educational outcome at São Paulo. Using IDEB’s
results we analyze its variation between 2005 and 2011 for the 4th grade of municipal scholar
system. The State of São Paulo and the city of São Paulo exhibit low variation in this analysis
which means poor performance in educational terms. Nonetheless we need to point out that
São Paulo’s IDEB still one of the higher in Brazil and this can explain part of this result. More
research is under development to understand the reason to this low outcome.
IDEB’s variation between 2005 and 2011 – 4th grade of municipal scholar system.
1,8
1,6
1,4
1,2
1
0,8
0,6
0,4
0,2
Município de São Paulo
Rio de Janeiro
São Paulo
Sergipe
Alagoas
Maranhão
Amapá
Tocantins
Pernambuco
Rondônia
Piauí
Bahia
Espírito Santo
Goiás
Amazonas
Rio Grande do Norte
Rio Grande do Sul
Paraná
Pará
Paraíba
Mato Grosso do Sul
Mato Grosso
Santa Catarina
Acre
Minas Gerais
Ceará
0
Source: IDEB - MEC/Inep
Access to Data
In our website you can find scientific research and reports by subject. The data used in
these studies and reports can be obtained through webmail communication or with one of our
employees. We have educational data (SARESP, Prova Brasil and ENEM), demography data
(PNAD and POF) and some other data.
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CPP’s new website and blog
For
more
information
www.insper.edu.br/cpp
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visit:
For more information about CPP’s activities visit: http://blog.insper.edu.br/cpp/
Insper’s Center for Public Policies – CPP
Site: www.insper.edu.br/cpp
Blog: http://blog.insper.edu.br/cpp/
Twitter: @cpp_insper
E-mail: [email protected]
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