PRESENT PERFECT
SUJ + HAVE /HAS + vIII
I
II
III
(VERBOS IRREGULARES)
VERBOS REGULARES (ED)
SEGUNDO E TERCEIRA COLUNA SÃO IGUAIS
• WORK
• STUDY
• PLAY
- WORKED
- STUDIED
- PLAYED
- WORKED
- STUDIED
- PLAYED
NÃO CONFUNDA
Present Perfect x Simple Past
O Simple Past refere-se apenas a ações passadas que acabaram
em um tempo definido no passado:
I worked yesterday. (Simple Past)
(EU TRABALHEI ONTEM)
O Present Perfect pode expressar ações passadas que acabaram
em um tempo não definido no passado ou ações que ainda
não terminaram:
I have worked hard. (Present Perfect)
(EU TRABALHEI BASTANTE)
(EU TENHO TRABALHADO BASTANTE)
Não use com datas dizendo quando
aconteceu.
• Veja a diferença:
• Present Perfect:
• My family has traveled to London.
• Simple Past:
• My family traveled to London in 2005.
• Quando usar o Present Simple:
1- Ações que acabaram de acontecer.
(JUST = RECÉM, HÁ POUCO, ACABOU DE...)
They have just left. (Eles acabaram de sair).
Jane has just made the lunch.
(Jane acabou de preparar o almoço).
2 – EXPERIÊNCIAS E REALIZAÇÕES SEM DATA FINAL
(APENAS INICIAL).
SINCE (DESDE DE), FOR (HÁ, FAZ)
- I have worked at La Salle for 1 year.
(Eu trabalho no La Salle faz 1 ano).
- I have worked at La Salle since 2013.
(Eu trabalho no La Salle desde 2013).
- She has travelled to London twice.
- (ela viajou para Londres duas vezes)
3- Ações que começaram no passado e
e têm resultado no presente.
- I have exercised, so I am stronger now.
(Eu tenho me exercitado, então eu estou mais
forte agora).
- I know how to use a camera because I have
done a course
(eu sei usar uma câmera pois eu fiz um curso)
4- Ações que ocorreram em um tempo não
determinado (indefinido) no passado.
• I have been to the U.S.A.
(Eu estive nos E.U.A.)
• She has traveled to England.
(Ela viajou para a Inglaterra).
• You have made a delicious apple pie.
(Você fez uma torta de maçã deliciosa).
OBS: SE HOUVER DATA USAMOS O SIMPLE PAST (SHE TRAVELD TO ENGLAND IN 2001)
FORMA POSITIVA
Sujeito + have/has + III + complemento
Susan has been to England.
(Susan esteve na Inglaterra).
We have studied a lot for the test.
(Nós temos estudado bastante para a prova)
III
• He has broken his leg.
• (Ele quebrou a perna.)
• We have bought new clothes.
• (Nós compramos roupas novas.)
HAVE/HAS + III
1. Peter _________(steal) my trainers!
2. I _________(buy) this magazine.
3. We ______ (write) three pages this
afternoon.
ANSWERS
• 1. Peter has stolen (steal) my trainers!
•
2. I have bought (buy) this magazine.
•
3. We have written (write) three pages this
afternoon.
HAVE/HAS + III
• 1. You _________(ask) that question three
times so far.
• 2. My daughter _________(have) a boyfriend
for 2 months.
• 3. I _________(be) interested in technology
since last year.
ANSWERS
• 1. You have asked (ask) that question three
times so far.
•
2. My daughter has had (have) a boyfriend for
several months.
•
3. I have been (be) interested in technology
since last year.
• 1. I ___________(drink) some tea.
• 2. She _________(live) in Warsaw for two
years.
• 3. I ____________ (see) this film before.
FORMA INTERROGATIVA:
HAVE/HAS + SUJ + III
• Have you already talked to your boss?
• (Você já falou com o seu chefe?)
• Have they lived in Amsterdam?
• (Eles moraram em Amsterdã?)
• Has he found his wallet?
• (Ele encontrou a carteira dele?)
• Have you ever been in the United States?
• (Você ja esteve nos Estados Unidos?)
MUDE A AFIRMATIVA PARA A
INTERROGATIVA (HAVE/HAS + SUJ + III)
• 1. I have eaten an apple
• 2. You have bought some bread.
• 3. He has travelled a lot.
• 4. We have been to London.
• 5. They have lost their dog
ANSWERS
• 1. Have I eaten an apple?
• 2. Have you bought some bread?
• 3. Has he travelled a lot?
• 4. Have we been to London?
• 5. Have they lost their dog?
- FORMA NEGATIVA:
SUJ + HAVE/HAS NOT + III
HAVEN´T / HASN´T
• They have not heard what I've told.
• (Eles não escutaram o que eu falei.)
• You have not eaten anything so far.
• (Você não comeu nada até agora.)
• We have not done our homework.
• (Não fizemos nossa lição de casa.)
COMPLETAR AS FRASES
HAVE/HAS+ not + III
• 1. She _____ (not/see) her son for a long
time.
•
2. I _________ (not/revise) my lessons.
• 3. The children ______ (not/eat) anything.
•
4. Emilio ______ (not/speak) to the boss.
HAS NOT = HASN’T
HAVE NOT = HAVEN´T
• 1. She has not seen her son for a long time.
•
2. I have not revised my lessons.
• 3. The children have not eaten anything.
•
4. Emilio has not spoken to the boss.
MUDE A AFIRMATIVA PARA A NEGATIVA
(SUJ + HAVEN´T – HASN´T + III)
• 1. I have eaten an apple
• 2. You have bought some bread.
• 3. He has travelled a lot.
• 4. We have been to London.
• 5. They have lost their dog
ADVÉRBIOS DE TEMPO
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
ALREADY = JÁ (+)
JUST = RECÉM
YET = AINDA (-), JÁ (?)
NEVER = NUNCA (+)
EVER = JÁ (?)
SINCE (DESDE) SEGUIDO POR UMA DATA
FOR (HÁ, POR, FAZ) SEGUIDO POR UM
PERÍODO DE TEMPO
EXAMPLES
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Since 1960, Since yesterday.
For six days, For a long time.
I have just gone out.
I haven't finished yet.
I have already finished.
He has never seen a snake.
I have always written with my right hand.
HAVE/ HAS + III
• 1. She ________ (to stop) smoking since the
birth of her baby.
• 2. He ______ (to be) in the Navy for two years.
• 3. She ________ (to become) jealous since the
birth of her brother.
• 4. They _______ (never / tell) the truth.
• 5. My teacher _______ (always / help) me to
improve my level.
ANSWERS
• 1. She has stopped (to stop) smoking since the
birth of her baby.
• 2. He has been (to be) in the Navy for two years.
• 3. She has become (to become) jealous since the
birth of her brother.
• 4. They have never told (never / tell) the truth.
• 5. My teacher has always helped(always / help)
me to improve my level.
Exam pre answers
• 1. You [No answer] have asked (ask) that question three times so
far.
• 2. My daughter [No answer] has had (have) a boyfriend for several
months.
• 3. I [No answer] have been (be) interested in computer technology
since last year.
• 4. My parents [No answer] have been (be) married for 25 years.
• 5. I [No answer] have read (read) it but I don't understand it.
• 6. He [No answer] has been (be) in the army for two years.
• 7. I [No answer] have already drunk (already / drink) some tea.
• 8. She [No answer] has lived (live) in Warsaw for two years.
• 9. I [No answer] have never seen (never / see) this film before.
• 10. The police [No answer] have arrested (arrest) two dangerous
criminals.
• 1. My neighbour [No answer] has just bought a new car. (to buy / just)
• 2. My cousins [No answer] haven't decided where to go on holiday,
perhaps in England. (not to decide)
• 3. Alex [No answer] has gone to the cinema with his girlfriend. (to go)
• 4. I [No answer] have seen 'the good, the bad and the ugly ' : I like it (to
see)
• 5. [No answer] have you ever been to France ? (to be / you / ever)
• 6. Julien [No answer] has just met his friend. (to meet / just)
• 7. Recently, we [No answer] have had many parties with our friends. (to
have)
• 8. What [No answer] have you done during the holidays? (to do / you)
• 9. He [No answer] has never worked (never/ to work)
• 10. [No answer] Have you already finished (finish / already / you) ?
• 2. Roy [No answer] has just finished (finish-just)
repairing the washing-machine,you can use it
now.
• 3. His worst memory: when he [No answer] had
(have) to swim in the North Seas.
• 6. What is the most frightening experience [No
answer] you have ever had (you-have-ever) ?
• 7. Many students in my class [No answer] have
already travelled (travel-already) abroad.
• 8. I [No answer] have never stolen (steal-never)
anything in my life.