THE BRAZILIAN LAW FOR THE PROMOTION OF SOCIAL
ECONOMY
Daniel Francisco Nagao Menezes1
Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie
[email protected]
Ernani Contipelli2
Universidade Autónoma de Chile
[email protected]
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to study the impacts of Law 12,305 / 12 in the metropolitan region of
Campinas - one of the richest regions of Brazil, pointing out the advantages and challenges of
Brazilian law. The methodology will be a case study in the 20 municipalities that make up the
metropolitan region of Campinas and the source of research will be information available in
Web pages maintained by the municipalities studied.
Key Words: Constitutionalism; Social Economy; Solidarity Economy
1
Graduated in Law from the Catholic University of Campinas, specialization in Constitutional Law and Civil
Procedural Law both from PUC-Campinas, specialization in Curriculum and Teaching Practice in Higher
Education from the University Center Padre Anchieta, Master and Doctor of Political and Economic Law
University Mackenzie. University professor at the Law School of Mackenzie Presbyterian University, Campinas
campus and, the Faculdades de Campinas - FACAMP
2
Graduated in Law from Universidade Mackenzie (1998), specialization in Tax Direio the Pontifical Catholic
University of São Paulo (2000), master's degree in Law from the Catholic University of São Paulo (2004) CNPQ and doctoral scholarship in Law from the Pontifical University Católica de São Paulo (2009) - CAPES
scholarship, post-doctorate in Constitutional Comparative Law from the Complutense University of Madrid
(2011) - CAPES scholarship and post-doctorate in Comparative Politics from the Universitat Pompeu Fabra
(2012) - bag Generalitat de Catalunya. Currently, he works as a visiting researcher at Centro di Ricerca
Interdipartimentale and di Formazione south Diritto Pubblico Europeo and Comparato (DIPEC) of the
Università di Siena (Italy), the Observatorio de la Evolución de las Instituciones the Universitat Pompeu Fabra
(Spain), the Institute of Compared Derecho of the Universidad Complutense de Madrid (Spain), the Institut de
Recherche Juridique the Université Paris I Pantheon-La Sorbonne (France), the Centre de Recherches et d'études
sur les Droits fondamentaux (CREDOF) of Université Paris Ouest Nanterre 10 ( France), the Korean Institute of
Southeast Asian Studies (South Korea) and the European Center for Strategic Research (Italy). Vistante is
Professor in the Department of Constitutional Law of Albacete Law School of the Universidad Castilla-La
Mancha (Spain), the Autonomous University of Coahuila (Mexico), at the University of Lomas Zamorra
(Argentina), at Korea University (South Korea) He is currently Professor of the Graduate Program Strictu Sensu
the region of the Community University of Chapecó (Unochapecó) and the Law Faculty of the Autonomous
University of Chile.
1. Introduction
Marginalized the economic system always caused social upheaval and led economists
to think alternative systems or palliative measures to combat the phenomenon of social
exclusion. The Social Economy has established itself as a branch of economic science that
studies the issues of marginalization and its performance.
The current stage of the Social Economy in Brazil is of great advancement, existing
not only a National Secretariat for Solidarity Economy but also a variety of laws that
encourage social economy. One of these laws is the Law 12.305 / 2012 which states that by
the year 2014 all municipalities in Brazil have a Municipal Plan for Solid Waste (Waste
Recycling) and the municipalities, to receive federal help must allocate the solid residue for
solid waste recycling cooperatives. This law converges two public policies (environment and
job) in a single state action, innovating on the legal, public policy in Brazil.
2. The Constitutional Treatment of Cooperatives in Brazil
Leaving for direct analysis of the proposed theme, it should emphasize the clear
developmental character, economic conception of the term, the Brazilian Federal Constitution
adopted with the intention of achieving its corporate objectives. This caveat is necessary
therefore influence mainly on the economic and social order of the legal structure given to the
Brazilian economy, having impacts on parental cooperative.
The Constitution addresses at various times cooperativism3, It is basically structured
on three points, the non-intervention principle, the appropriate tax treatment for the
Cooperative Act and the Public Policy of fostering the cooperative.
3
“O cooperativismo é um ponto polêmico dentro das Teorias Socialistas. Alguns, como Marx, criticam
veementemente o cooperativismo afirmando que os mesmos são micro reproduções do sistema econômico
capitalista, devendo, portanto, serem refutadas quaisquer iniciativas cooperativistas. Outros se posicionam no
outro extremo, afirmando que o cooperativismo é o ápice do meio de produção socialista, meio no qual os
próprios trabalhadores se organizam diretamente organizando a produção sem a finalidade de lucro. Existe
ainda a posição intermediária na qual o cooperativismo seria uma fase intermediária demonstrando a
contradição do próprio sistema produtivo capitalista que permitiria a organização dos trabalhadores dentro do
próprio sistema capitalista. A estrutura jurídica brasileira nos leva por sua vez a nos filiarmos na terceira
opção, qual seja, o cooperativismo demonstra a falha do sistema produtivo capitalista. Isto porque, a
cooperativa é uma forma de organização societária híbrida, que possui organização voltada para a produção
de bens ou serviços de forma competitiva no mercado, isto é, em concorrência com demais empresas, porém, há
The first contact between the Constitution and the cooperative system, occurs right in
Article 5º, inciso XVIII4, which provides for the principle of state non-intervention, so
vetoing a ban on cooperatives and associations since legally constituted, preventing also after
the constitution, any means of intervention and state control.
Such constitutional guarantee of non-intervention was a direct blow to the
interventionist policy of the military dictatorship that held the control and intervention in the
cooperative movement through the linkage of cooperatives to the OCB - Organization of
Brazilian Cooperatives, and the CNC - National Council of Cooperatives, organ under the
Ministry of Agriculture.
The non-intervention principle currently still meets with resistance in the field of
credit unions, which still are susceptible to rigid intervention and inspection of the Central
Bank of Brazil, which is done through administrative resolutions.
The second constitutional pillar of the cooperative, is found in Article 146, inciso III,
alínea “c”5, which states the need, in the form of a supplementary law, to establish general
rules on tax matters on the appropriate treatment to the Cooperative Act, thus aiming to
benefit cooperatives.
The issue of such supplementary law regulating what constitutes Cooperative Act, and
its proper tax treatment, remains in albis, depending on the
will of Congress.
o diferencial da gestão democrática do empreendimento.” In MENEZES, Daniel Francisco Nagao.
Cooperativismo: Na Espera da Regulação. Revista Crítica do Direito. Vol. 23. in www.criticadodireito.com.br.
Acessado em 15/04/15.
4
XVIII - a criação de associações e, na forma da lei, a de cooperativas independem de autorização, sendo vedada
a interferência estatal em seu funcionamento;
5
Art. 146. Cabe à lei complementar:
I - dispor sobre conflitos de competência, em matéria tributária, entre a União, os Estados, o Distrito Federal e os
Municípios;
II - regular as limitações constitucionais ao poder de tributar;
III - estabelecer normas gerais em matéria de legislação tributária, especialmente sobre:
a) definição de tributos e de suas espécies, bem como, em relação aos impostos discriminados nesta
Constituição, a dos respectivos fatos geradores, bases de cálculo e contribuintes;
b) obrigação, lançamento, crédito, prescrição e decadência tributários;
c) adequado tratamento tributário ao ato cooperativo praticado pelas sociedades cooperativas.
d) definição de tratamento diferenciado e favorecido para as microempresas e para as empresas de pequeno
porte, inclusive regimes especiais ou simplificados no caso do imposto previsto no art. 155, II, das contribuições
previstas no art. 195, I e §§ 12 e 13, e da contribuição a que se refere o art. 239.
Thus, to not remain the constitutional mandamus without proper effectiveness, we
used the Institute of Constitutional Reception, where the New Legal Order which breaks all
previous legal system, allows that some infra standards, since not contradictory the New
Order to remain in effect, and being received are used by the new law. The Cooperative Act
and its tax treatment, therefore, face a lack of regulation of the federal legislator, were
welcomed by the Federal Constitution 1988 of the law 5764 of 1971, which addresses the
matter.
The third point where the Federal Constitution directly addresses the cooperatives are
regarding the economic order. Article 1706 and following, the constitutional legislator
regulates the general principles of economic order and, among them the cooperatives, and
regulates the boundaries of economic stake in the economy. In that spirit, the constitutional
legislature decided to allow only the direct exploitation of economic activity by the state in
the event of relevant public interest or national security. Since not exploring directly to
economic activity, was the State, will be entitled to regulate economic activity, which will be
done by monitoring, incentive, planning, and public sector private, in order to meet the
constitutional purpose narrated above.
Within the regulatory function of economic activity, the State, as the second paragraph
of Article 1747, by law, support and encourage cooperative activity and other forms of
association. However, some considerations are necessary.
6
Art. 170. A ordem econômica, fundada na valorização do trabalho humano e na livre iniciativa, tem por fim
assegurar a todos existência digna, conforme os ditames da justiça social, observados os seguintes princípios:
I - soberania nacional;
II - propriedade privada;
III - função social da propriedade;
IV - livre concorrência;
V - defesa do consumidor;
VI - defesa do meio ambiente, inclusive mediante tratamento diferenciado conforme o impacto ambiental dos
produtos e serviços e de seus processos de elaboração e prestação; (Inciso com redação dada pela Emenda
Constitucional nº 42, de 2003)
VII - redução das desigualdades regionais e sociais;
VIII - busca do pleno emprego;
IX - tratamento favorecido para as empresas de pequeno porte constituídas sob as leis brasileiras e que tenham
sua sede e administração no País. (Inciso com redação dada pela Emenda Constitucional nº 6, de 1995)
Parágrafo único. É assegurado a todos o livre exercício de qualquer atividade econômica, independentemente de
autorização de órgãos públicos, salvo nos casos previstos em lei.
7
Art. 174. Como agente normativo e regulador da atividade econômica, o Estado exercerá, na forma da lei, as
funções de fiscalização, incentivo e planejamento, sendo este determinante para o setor público e indicativo para
o setor privado.
The Constitution which deals with the encouragement of cooperatives, is coated Law
Reserve principle, ie the state policy of support for cooperatives and other associations will
only be held with the approval of the law by the Legislature, regulating state stimulus. In turn,
this incentive law has not yet been approved by Congress and is awaiting a vote two Senate
Bills, one authored by Senator Eduardo Suplicy and another by Senator José Fogaça.
This implies that the executive branch, responsible for the implementation of such
public policy does not have any legal basis to carry out promotion policies and
encouragement of cooperatives, leaving dependent on the manifestation of the Legislature.
Thus, the state agencies within the executive branch, focused on the development of the
cooperative, are totally disjointed and without any practical function within the legal structure
of the state. In this sense, after the Federal Constitution of 1988, federal agencies in support of
cooperatives, especially the CNC and the DENACOOP - National Department of
Cooperatives under the Ministry of Agriculture, had emptied their functions, providing true
"white elephants" of administration public.
As regards Article 174, § 2 of the Brazilian Constitution, efficiency rule contained, it
still depends on ordinary standard for its effectiveness, the country without any legal policy to
encourage the cooperative is, leaving regulated through the mechanism of Reception
constitutional, the modus operandi of Cooperative Societies, which remains the law 5,764 / 71
as amended by the Civil Code of 2002.
This constitutional legal structure creates incentives to cooperatives in order to allow
the development of such legal society, balancing the competitive disadvantage it has in
relation to other types of companies, democratizing commercial companies, however, does
not list cooperatives to any economic sector or policy public, except mining.
3. Public Policy Work and Income Generation From The Solid Waste Law
§ 1º A lei estabelecerá as diretrizes e bases do planejamento do desenvolvimento nacional equilibrado, o qual
incorporará e compatibilizará os planos nacionais e regionais de desenvolvimento.
§ 2º A lei apoiará e estimulará o cooperativismo e outras formas de associativismo.
§ 3º O Estado favorecerá a organização da atividade garimpeira em cooperativas, levando em conta a proteção
do meio ambiente e a promoção econômico-social dos garimpeiros.
§ 4º As cooperativas a que se refere o parágrafo anterior terão prioridade na autorização ou concessão para
pesquisa e lavra dos recursos e jazidas de minerais garimpáveis, nas áreas onde estejam atuando, e naquelas
fixadas de acordo com o art. 21, XXV, na forma da lei.
Who comes to making the relationship between incentives for cooperatives and their
use in public policies is the Solid Waste Law (Law 12,305 / 10) which requires the processing
of solid waste will be done by recycling cooperatives.
The law of solid waste in his art. 8 creates the National Policy on Solid Waste8, having
as one of the principles, encouraging the creation of cooperatives (section IV) and collectors
associations. In art. 18 solid waste law creates the competence of municipalities to create their
local political management of solid waste and still allowed the formation of consortia of
municipalities for the management of waste, forcing municipalities to implement the selective
collection with the obligatory participation of cooperatives and associations of collectors,
establishing in art. 19, XI that recycling cooperatives mentioned in the law are those
composed of low-income people.
8
Art. 8º São instrumentos da Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos, entre outros:
I – os planos de resíduos sólidos;
II – os inventários e o sistema declaratório anual de resíduos sólidos;
III – a coleta seletiva, os sistemas de logística reversa e outras ferramentas relacionadas à implementação da
responsabilidade compartilhada pelo ciclo de vida dos produtos;
IV – o incentivo à criação e ao desenvolvimento de cooperativas ou de outras formas de associação de catadores
de materiais reutilizáveis e recicláveis;
V – o monitoramento e a fiscalização ambiental, sanitária e agropecuária;
VI – a cooperação técnica e financeira entre os setores público e privado para o desenvolvimento de pesquisas de
novos produtos, métodos, processos e tecnologias de gestão, reciclagem, reutilização, tratamento de resíduos e
disposição final ambientalmente adequada de rejeitos;
VII – a pesquisa científica e tecnológica;
VIII – a educação ambiental;
IX – os incentivos fiscais, financeiros e creditícios;
X – o Fundo Nacional do Meio Ambiente e o Fundo Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico;
XI – o Sistema Nacional de Informações sobre a Gestão dos Resíduos Sólidos (Sinir);
XII – o Sistema Nacional de Informações em Saneamento Básico (Sinisa);
XIII – os conselhos de meio ambiente e, no que couber, os de saúde;
XIV – os órgãos colegiados municipais destinados ao controle social dos serviços de resíduos sólidos urbanos;
XV – o Cadastro Nacional de Operadores de Resíduos Perigosos;
XVI – os acordos setoriais;
XVII – no que couber, os instrumentos da Política Nacional de Meio Ambiente, entre eles:
a) os padrões de qualidade ambiental;
b) o Cadastro Técnico Federal de Atividades Potencialmente Poluidoras ou Utilizadoras de Recursos
Ambientais;
c) o Cadastro Técnico Federal de Atividades e Instrumentos de Defesa Ambiental;
d) a avaliação de impactos ambientais;
e) o Sistema Nacional de Informação sobre Meio Ambiente (Sinima);
f) o licenciamento e a revisão de atividades efetiva ou potencialmente poluidoras;
XVIII – os termos de compromisso e os termos de ajustamento de conduta;
XIX – o incentivo à adoção de consórcios ou de outras formas de cooperação entre os entes federados, com
vistas à elevação das escalas de aproveitamento e à redução dos custos envolvidos.
He also created the Law 12.305 / 10, a new legal institute in Environmental Law, the
so-called shared responsibility, which in drafting the article of the law “É instituída a
responsabilidade compartilhada pelo ciclo de vida dos produtos, a ser implementada de
forma individualizada e encadeada, abrangendo os fabricantes, importadores, distribuidores
e comerciantes, os consumidores e os titulares dos serviços públicos de limpeza urbana e de
manejo de resíduos sólidos, consoante as atribuições e procedimentos previstos nesta
Seção”.
With this article the environmental responsibility for solid waste generated is no
longer exclusively the pubic power but also, after the law, the private sector especially the
manufacturer, distributor and seller and it turns into solid waste. This responsibility includes
the called reverse logistics in which the product placed on the market must have a product
return mechanism, in particular packaging, must return to the manufacturer. This return of the
packaging, which is now called solid waste, can be done by the private sector in partnership
with cooperatives, pursuant to art. 33, § 3, III of the Solid Waste Law.
Justifying the assertion woven above the Solid Waste Law is to give effect to the
differential treatment to cooperatives, made by the Federal Constitution, it has to be, from
such ordinary law can talk about creating a public policy involving generation employment
and income associated with environmental protection.
The Solid Waste Act requires the inclusion in the planning of management policies,
the creation of recycling cooperatives, thus implying, in programs, especially at the local
level, to generate employment and income.
These work programs and income generation in turn, should occur with based on the
creation of cooperatives made up of low-income population, as required by law. Thus, there is
the structuring of generating employment in income programs made about corporate
structures that act directly in the market, not depending on policies assists the Government,
however, away from the purpose of the exclusive quest for profit 9 that permeates the other
models of commercial companies.
9
“O lucro nas sociedades cooperativas, ou, como a lei disciplina, a sobra, poderá vir de duas formas para o
cooperado: ou através de um lucro que a cooperativa tenha ao operar com terceiros (não cooperados), ou
através da sobra da taxa de administração que o cooperado tenha adiantado, quando de sua operação com a
In addition to the targeting of Law for the use of a democratic corporate model, but not
care, there is an economic incentive for these projects attached to the destination of the
material (solid waste), which, in theory, provide a source of raw material originates,
guaranteeing a minimum income for cooperatives.
This allocation, reiterating is made by both the public sector and the private sector,
drawing praise the Federal Decree 5.940/06, even before the Solid Waste Law, as required
every federal agency to allocate what it calls "recyclable material" for cooperatives popular.
It happens that, not just targeting waste to cooperatives so that to reach the protection
goals for the environment and generate jobs and income. For the success of Solid Waste Law
is necessary concatenation of two factors: The existence of municipal programs (or regional)
disposal of solid waste to cooperatives and; incubation programs of popular cooperatives of
recycling.
The first proposal seeks to create a collection of solid waste program involving both
the home collection, the liability after the law 12.305/10 becomes both the government and
the citizen; public agencies; of large solid waste and generators; companies that introduce
products on the market that may turn into solid waste.
This program, which is local or regional, should determine the fair and equitable
distribution of waste collected for popular cooperatives, as well as the correct geographical
distribution of the same. The existence of such municipal public policies is essential to the
success of the Waste Act therefore prevents the processing of one (s) in specific cooperative,
a fact compounded with the freedom of the private sector in solid waste intended for
cooperative sees fit .
Any economic imbalance between the unions involved prevents network performance
thereof. The union of cooperatives, second, whether in the form of association or seconddegree cooperatives, is essential to the economic growth of the product sold. Such a union can
cooperativa (também chamada de ato cooperativo).” In LOPES, Idevan César Rauen. Aspectos sobre a
Legalização das Sociedades Cooperativas. In Os Caminhos do Cooperativismo. GEDIEL, José Antônio (org.).
Curitiba: UFPR. 2001. p. 119.
lead to elimination of intermediaries, called aparistas, the production chain, allowing direct
sale of the product for a higher value than sold to aparista directly to industry.
Despite the elimination of the intermediary, the union of cooperatives allows the
increase in value of recycled products through the acquisition of more sophisticated
equipment that allows the transformation of waste into a higher quality product.
The second proposition is to the existence of incubation programs of recycling
cooperatives. Law 12.305/10 is clear in the sense incentives the creation of new cooperatives
made up of low-income population. This implies the initial organization of low-income
population to the beginning of production activity resulting in the initial orientation not only
the recycling activity but also, in the introduction to the sciences of management and
business.
The organization of production and business and administration of the popular
cooperatives is known in the Solidarity Economy language such as incubation programs,
covering all stages of the consolidation of a cooperative that ranges from the selection of
people interested in forming cooperatives to full self-management and economic autonomy.
These incubation programs can be made directly by the government or through NGOs
of action that has the know-how of the incubation of cooperatives, as happens for example
with the CRCA - Reference Center for Cooperatives and Associations in Campinas / SP,
which now has one of the best in the country incubation programs and is responsible for solid
waste policy around the city of Campinas and surrounding towns.
4. Mapping the Metropolitan Region of Campinas
The metropolitan region of Campinas is a regional unit of the State of São Paulo
created by the Complementary Law No. 870 State of June 19, 2000, being constituted by
grouping 20 municipalities: American, Arthur Nogueira, Campinas, Cosmopolis, Engineer
Coelho, Holambra , Hortolândia, Indaiatuba, Itatiba, Jaguariúna, Monte Mor, Morungaba,
Nova Odessa, Paulinia, Quarry, Santa Barbara d'Oeste, Santo Antonio de Posse, Sumaré,
Valinhos and Vineyard.
It has an area of 3,792 km2 and a population of 2,976,433 inhabitants.
The region has a diversified industrial production, particularly in dynamic sectors and
high scientific / technological input, especially the municipalities of Campinas, Paulínia,
Sumaré, Santa Barbara d'Oeste and Americana, which has resulted in increasing
competitiveness gains in the markets internal and external.
The RMC is served by an extensive road system and good quality, counting the main
pillar of the Bandeirantes and Anhanguera highways linking the region to the capital and the
interior of São Paulo, the SP-304 highway towards Piracicaba and Highway D. Pedro I doing
the connection with the Paraíba Valley and the Dutra Highway toward Rio de Janeiro.
The Metropolitan Region of Campinas has been conquering and consolidating in
recent years, an important economic position in state and national scenarios. This area,
adjacent to the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo, has a modern industrial park, diverse and
composed of segments of complementary nature. It presents a very significant agricultural
and agro-industrial structure, performing tertiary activities with a significant specialization.
It stands still, the presence of innovative centers in the field of scientific and
technological research, with the presence of important university centers of national and
international reputation.
The RMC has also attended by the Viracopos Airport, the second largest in the
country, located in Campinas. Viracopos Airport in 2014 recorded a flow of loads of about
219 000 tonnes loaded and unloaded in international flights.
With gross domestic product (GDP) (2014) R$ 109.9 billion, and GDP per capita of R
$ 38,207.86, the region presents itself in a prominent position compared with GDP per capita
of the State São Paulo, which is R$ 33,624.41 and that Brazil is R $ 22,645.86.
The wealth produced in the metropolitan region of Campinas to turn into one of the
richest regions of Brazil, with leading economic indicators. This allows that the twenty
municipalities that comprise the RMC have the financial means to implement the provisions
of the Solid Waste Law.
The best economic power of the Metropolitan Region of Campinas in relation to other
municipalities in Brazil allows basic sanitation issues are resolved, possessing all the
municipalities of the MRC 100% of household waste collection.
However, while the region has economic advantages over the rest of the country,
regarding the implementation of public policies to support solidarity enterprises not as is
required by law 12.305/12.
As the table below, whose data were obtained from the Ministry of Environment, 10
municipalities do not have Solid Waste Management Plan. Of these 10 municipalities, 2
(Holambra and Morungaba) have fewer than 20,000 inhabitants and is not required to possess
plan.
Of the 8 municipalities that do not have plans, six are part of public consortia that
organize the selective collection and proper disposal, leaving it two municipalities (10% of
the total) who do not have plan as required by law. Following the data analysis, one
municipality (Quarry) included solid waste management within the basic sanitation plan indeed permitted by law.
Nome do Populaçã
Educação
O município Esse plano Plano
município
o
Ambiental
possui Plano abrange
estimada
no Plano de de
2013*
Gestão
Gestão apenas
de Integrada de esse
Resíduos
Resíduos
Sólidos
Sólidos
município
nos
de Faz
Saneamento
parte de
Básico
consórc
contemplan
io?
do o serviço
de limpeza
termos
urbana
e
estabelecidos
manejo
de
na
resíduos
Política
Nacional
de
sólidos
Resíduos
Sólidos
AMERICAN
A
224.551
Sim
Sim
Sim
Não
Sim
-
Consim
ares
ARTUR
NOGUEIRA
48.420
CAMPINAS
1.144.862
Não
Sim
Sim
Sim
Não
COSMOPO
LIS
64.415
Sim
Sim
Não
Não
Sim
ENGENHEI
RO
COELHO
HOLAMBR
A
17.681
HORTOLAN
DIA
INDAIATUB
A
209.139
Não aplicável
222.042
Não aplicável
ITATIBA
109.907
JAGUARIU
NA
Não aplicável
Não
Não
aplicável
Não aplicável
Sim
-
Consab
-
Consab
Sim
Sim
Sim
Não aplicável
Sim
-
Consab
12.707
Sim
Não
Não
aplicável
Não
Sim
Sim
Não
Não
Sim
Sim
Sim
Sim
Sim
-
Ciga
-
Consab
49.497
Não aplicável
Não aplicável
Não
Não
Não
aplicável
Não
Não
aplicável
Não
Sim
-
Consab
Sim
-
Consim
ares
MONTE
MOR
53.488
Não aplicável
Não
Não
aplicável
Não
Sim
-
Consim
ares
MORUNGA
BA
12.621
NOVA
ODESSA
55.229
Não aplicável
Sim
Não
Sim
Não
aplicável
Não
Sim
Sim
Sim
-
Cisbra
Sim
-
Consim
ares
PAULINIA
92.668
Não
Não
PEDREIRA
44.509
Sim
Não
SANTA
BARBARA
D'OESTE
188.302
Sim
Sim
Não
aplicável
Não
aplicável
Sim
Não
Não
Sim
Não
Sim
Sim
CISBR
A
-
SANTO
ANTONIO
DE POSSE
21.957
Sim
Sim
Sim
Sim
Sim
-
Consim
ares
SUMARE
258.556
Não
Não
Não
aplicável
Não
Sim
-
Consim
ares
VALINHOS
116.308
Não aplicável
Não
Não
aplicável
Sim
Sim
-
ARESP
CJ
VINHEDO
69.845
Não aplicável
Sim
Sim
Sim
Não
It is noted in the table above that the municipalities listed above opt for a legal
alternative not to fulfill the obligation to establish social programs of capacity building of
cooperatives, in turn, should be integrated into local management plans.
The output is the formation of public consortium. Public consortia (Law 11,107 / 05)
allows that the political entities (Union, states and municipalities) join forces for the
implementation of public policies of the entities involved.
Consortia formed by several municipalities, is responsible for implementation of
public policies for the collection and disposal of solid waste, however, are not required to
hold social inclusion collectors programs. Only the municipality that has municipal politics is
bound to include picker’s inclusion program, since public consortia, no.
CONCLUSION
Thus, there is a hybrid form10 of action of the state in the economy through the legal
imposition of creating public policies to generate employment and income (which also have
an environmental bias) as guarantees of income through work (disposal of solid waste), but
10
“Esta é uma solução que estabelece o novo modelo de Estado, descrevendo a hipótese de que deve abandonar
a sua função de garante social, servindo no máximo como estimulador da livre iniciativa que de numa forma
autogestinária, híbrida, na medida em que esta agrada tanto a setores de direito como os da nova esquerda ou,
pelo menos, torna o ataque mais difícil pelo setor mais tradicional ou revolucionário desta última.” In VERAS
NETO, Francisco Quintanilha. Cooperativismo: Nova Abordagem Sócio-Jurídica. Curitiba: Juruá. 2002. p. 179
taking these benefit from public policy to organize based on private corporate models
(cooperatives) and act directly in the market with the free sale of recycled material.
Yet this public policy that obliges municipalities to create organizational programs of
recycled material collectors is emptied because municipalities choose to participate in
regional projects (public consortia) to reduce operating costs of selective collection and
recycling.
The economic option for the reduction of spending on proper disposal of solid waste
via consortium operation is delaying social inclusion through cooperative work.
REFERENCES
LOPES, Idevan César Rauen. Aspectos sobre a Legalização das Sociedades Cooperativas. In
Os Caminhos do Cooperativismo. GEDIEL, José Antônio (org.). Curitiba: UFPR. 2001
MENEZES, Daniel Francisco Nagao. Cooperativismo: Na Espera da Regulação. Revista
Crítica do Direito. Vol. 23. in www.criticadodireito.com.br.
VERAS NETO, Francisco Quintanilha. Cooperativismo: Nova Abordagem SócioJurídica.
Curitiba: Juruá. 2002.