Linguagens, Códigos e suas
Tecnologias – Inglês
Ensino Médio, 2º Ano
Past Perfect
LÍNGUA INGLESA, 2º Ano do Ensino Médio
Past Perfect
Past Perfect
LÍNGUA INGLESA, 2º Ano do Ensino Médio
Past Perfect
Introduction
 Use the Past Perfect when you are
already talking about the past, and
want to talk about an earlier past
action.
LÍNGUA INGLESA, 2º Ano do Ensino Médio
Past Perfect
 Use the Past Perfect Simple to talk
about an action (or actions) that
happened before another action in
the past.
When I saw him I realized I’d met him before.
LÍNGUA INGLESA, 2º Ano do Ensino Médio
Past Perfect
Grammar in use:
Form:
had + past
participle
LÍNGUA INGLESA, 2º Ano do Ensino Médio
Past Perfect
• Make sentences in the past perfect with
had / hadn’t + past participle.
• The past perfect is the same for all
persons.
• Be careful: I’d can be I had or I would.
LÍNGUA INGLESA, 2º Ano do Ensino Médio
Past Perfect
I
You
He
Affirmative:
She’d seen the film before.
It
We
Contractions: I’d = I had
They
LÍNGUA INGLESA, 2º Ano do Ensino Médio
Past Perfect
I
You
He
Negative:
She hadn’t seen the film before.
It
We
I hadn’t = I had not
They
LÍNGUA INGLESA, 2º Ano do Ensino Médio
Past Perfect
Interrogative:
Short answers
I
you
he
Had
she seen it before?
we
they
Yes, she had.
No, she hadn’t.
Imagem: Mauritian man, looking,
thinking, hope, victory, expectations
wondering about the future/ Hussein
Afzal/ Domínio Público.
Imagem : A walk to remember 2002/Warner Bros.
Pictures/http://www.imdb.com/media/rm1016629504/tt0281358.
LÍNGUA INGLESA, 2º Ano do Ensino Médio
Past Perfect
Examples with Past Perfect:
Suddenly he remembered that he
had seen the film before.
LÍNGUA INGLESA, 2º Ano do Ensino Médio
Past Perfect
• I arrived at the coffee bar twenty minutes late and my
friends had already gone.
• When I woke up the garden was all white.
It had snowed during the night.
• I couldn’t get into my flat because I’d forgotten my
keys.
• When our friends arrived we hadn’t finished cooking
the dinner.
LÍNGUA INGLESA, 2º Ano do Ensino Médio
Past Perfect
 Past perfect refers to the past of
the past.
Imagem: Grammatical Tense - The Past perfect/ Robbiemuffin/GNU Free Documentation License.
LÍNGUA INGLESA, 2º Ano do Ensino Médio
Past Perfect
He had already won a
gold medal in the Pan
American Games when
he won a gold medal in
the Olympic Games.
Imagem: Vincent Hancock wins Olympic gold/ The U.S. Army/ Creative Commons
Attribution 2.0 Generic license.
LÍNGUA INGLESA, 2º Ano do Ensino Médio
Past Perfect
She had broken the
South
American
record when she won
gold medal in the
Pan
American
Games.
Imagem: Nancy Johnson/ Tech. Sgt. Robert A. Whitehead, U.S. Air Force/ Governo
Federal dos E.U.A./Domínio Público.
LÍNGUA INGLESA, 2º Ano do Ensino Médio
Past Perfect
Past
Perfect
Progressive
LÍNGUA INGLESA, 2º Ano do Ensino Médio
Past Perfect
Narrative tense
 Use the past perfect progressive or
continuous to talk about a longer
continuous action that was going on
before the specific time in the past when
the main events of the story happened.
LÍNGUA INGLESA, 2º Ano do Ensino Médio
Past Perfect
Active Grammar
Form: had + past participle (to be) + verb + ing
I was exhausted because I’d been working all day. She went
to the doctor because she hadn’t been feeling well.
LÍNGUA INGLESA, 2º Ano do Ensino Médio
Past Perfect
The past perfect progressive
tense describes an action that
started in the past and
continued up until another
Imagem: Sarah Beth Briggs/ Clive Barda/ GNU Free
Documentation License
time in the past.
Past
Perfect
Progressive
Katie had been practicing for weeks
before the concert.
LÍNGUA INGLESA, 2º Ano do Ensino Médio
Past Perfect
Examples:
• When I arrived, the teacher had been speaking for
an hour.
• We had been waiting for the bus for half an hour
when it started to rain heavily.
• When my father arrived from work, we had already
been dinning.
LÍNGUA INGLESA, 2º Ano do Ensino Médio
Past Perfect
Grammar Summary about the Past Perfect:
• Completed action before something in the past.
PAST
PRESENT
FUTURE
• The Past Perfect expresses the idea that
something occurred before another action in
the past. It can also show that something
happened before a specific time in the past.
LÍNGUA INGLESA, 2º Ano do Ensino Médio
Past Perfect
Examples:
• I had never seen such a beautiful beach before I went to
Kauai.
• I did not have any money because I had lost my wallet.
• Tony knew Istanbul so well because he had visited the city
several times.
• Had Susan ever studied Thai before she moved to Thailand?
• She only understood the movie because she had read the
book.
• Kristine had never been to an opera before last night.
• We were not able to get a hotel room because we had not
booked in advance.
• A: Had you ever visited the U.S. before your trip in 2006?
B: Yes, I had been to the U.S. once before.
LÍNGUA INGLESA, 2º Ano do Ensino Médio
Past Perfect
Use 2: Duration before something in the past.
Non-continuous verbs.
PAST
PRESENT
FUTURE
 With Non-Continuous Verbs and some non-continuous
uses of Mixed Verbs, we use the Past Perfect to show that
something started in the past and continued up until
another action in the past.
LÍNGUA INGLESA, 2º Ano do Ensino Médio
Past Perfect
Examples:
• We had had that car for ten years before it broke
down.
• By the time Alex finished his studies, he had been in
London for over eight years.
• They felt bad about selling the house because
they had owned it for more than forty years.
Although the above use of Past Perfect is normally
limited to Non-Continuous Verbs and non-continuous
uses of Mixed Verbs, the words "live," "work," "teach,"
and "study" are sometimes used in this way even though
they are NOT Non-Continuous Verbs.
LÍNGUA INGLESA, 2º Ano do Ensino Médio
Past Perfect
 IMPORTANT Specific Times with the
Past Perfect.
PAST
PRESENT
FUTURE
LÍNGUA INGLESA, 2º Ano do Ensino Médio
Past Perfect
 Unlike with the Present Perfect, it is possible
to use specific time words or phrases with the
Past Perfect. Although this is possible, it is
usually not necessary.
Example:
She had visited her Japanese relatives once in
1993 before she moved in with them in 1996.
LÍNGUA INGLESA, 2º Ano do Ensino Médio
Past Perfect
MOREOVER
If the Past Perfect action did occur at a specific time, the
Simple Past can be used instead of the Past Perfect when
"before" or "after" is used in the sentence. The words "before"
and "after" actually tell you what happens first, so the Past
Perfect is optional. For this reason, both sentences below are
correct.
Examples:
She had visited her Japanese relatives once in 1993 before she
moved in with them in 1996.
She visited her Japanese relatives once in 1993 before she
moved in with them in 1996.
HOWEVER
HOWEVER
LÍNGUA INGLESA,
2º Ano do Ensino Médio
Past Perfect
However:
PAST
PRESENT
FUTURE
LÍNGUA INGLESA, 2º Ano do Ensino Médio
Past Perfect
 If the Past Perfect is not referring to an action at a
specific time, Past Perfect is not optional. Compare the
examples below. Here Past Perfect is referring to a lack
of experience rather than an action at a specific time.
For this reason, Simple Past cannot be used.
Examples:
She never saw a bear before she moved to Alaska. Not
Correct
She had never seen a bear before she moved to
Alaska. Correct
LÍNGUA INGLESA, 2º Ano do Ensino Médio
Past Perfect
The end.
Tabela de Imagens
n° do direito da imagem como está ao lado da foto
slide
link do site onde se consegiu a informação
10a A walk to remember 2002/Warner Bros.
http://www.imdb.com/media/rm1016629504/tt02
Pictures/http://www.imdb.com/media/rm10 81358
16629504/tt0281358.
10b Mauritian man, looking, thinking, hope,
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Thinking_
victory, expectations wondering about the man.jpg
future/ Hussein Afzal/ Domínio Público
12 Grammatical Tense - The Past perfect/
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:EGG_Past
Robbiemuffin/GNU Free Documentation
_perfect.svg
License
13 Vincent Hancock wins Olympic gold/ The
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Vincent_
U.S. Army/ Creative Commons Attribution Hancock_wins_Olympic_gold.jpg
2.0 Generic license
14 Nancy Johnson/ Tech. Sgt. Robert A.
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Nancy_Jo
Whitehead, U.S. Air Force/ Governo Federal hnson.jpg
dos E.U.A./Domínio Público
18 Sarah Beth Briggs/ Clive Barda/ GNU Free
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sarah_Be
Documentation License
th_Briggs_playing_the_piano_Ref_no_100929_006
9_briggs_lradj.jpg
Data do
Acesso
13/09/2012
13/09/2012
13/09/2012
13/09/2012
17/09/2012
17/09/2012