Brazil-Norway Workshop on Forest and Marine Monitoring, March 2009 INPE´s vision for monitoring and modelling tropical deforestation Gilberto Câmara Director General National Institute for Space Research (INPE) Brazil Brazilian National Plan for Climate Change How can Brazil achieve its deforestation targets? The basis for INPE´s work 0 10 Km Constant improvement of monitoring techniques The basis for INPE´s work Imagem CBERS HRC (2.7m pan) + CCD (20m multi) Constant improvement on sensors and data distribution The basis for INPE´s work TerraAmazon Constant improvement on GIS techniques Challenges in monitoring Deforestation classes per area 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 6% 8% 9% 9% 10% 10 a 25 ha 11% 6% 12% 14% 16% 20% 25% 25 a 50 ha 11% 5% 11% 11% 13% 16% 19% 50 a 100 ha 12% 6% 13% 12% 13% 14% 16% 100 a 150 ha 8% 3% 8% 7% 7% 7% 7% 150 a 300 ha 12% 6% 14% 12% 11% 11% 10% More than 300 ha 38% 68% 31% 32% 27% 22% 13% Tendência de Aumento Aproxim. Estável Tendência de Redução Redução 4% Estável 5% Aumento Less than 10 ha 2001 Challenges in monitoring New deforestation shown by DETER Landsat/TM 226/68 17/Ago/2007 DETER out-2007 Intensive timber extraction Exploração – estágio inicial INPE 2020 Plan: Imaging missions 2010 2012 2014 CBSAR CBERS-3 Amazonia-1 2016 2018 CBERS-5 2020 CBERS-6 CBERS-4 Amazonia-2 Amazonia-3 CBERS 3 – 4 Sensors (under construction) Visible – Near IR Medium wave IR Short wave IR Thermal IR AWFI 60 m (720 km) IRMSS 40 m (120 km) CCD 20 m (120 km) MUX 5/10 m(120 km) 0.4 0.5 0.7 0.9 1.5 Built by China 1.7 2.1 2.3 3.5 Built by Brazil 3.7 3.9 10 12 µm CBERS 5 – 6 Sensors (under discussion) Visible – Near IR Medium wave IR Short wave IR Thermal IR IRMSS 20 m (120 km) AWFI-2 20 m (720 km) MUX 5/10 m (120 km) 0.4 0.5 0.7 0.9 1.5 Built by China 1.7 2.1 2.3 3.5 Built by Brazil 3.7 3.9 10 12 µm Amazônia-1 (cooperation with UK) AWFI 0,45-0,52 B Spectral Bands(m) 0,52-0,59 G 0,63-0,69 R 0,77-0,89 NIR Spatial resolution(m) Ground swath(km) 40 780 5 Revisit (days) Global land imaging every 3 days together with CBERS-3 (RAL-UK will alsoinclude a 10-meter camera) MERIS (ENVISAT) in Amazon River Mouth source: ESA RADARSAT-1: Baía de São Marcos (09/nov/1998) source: Tereza Prost (MPEG) PALSAR Application: Detection of Deforestation and Degradation Fire scar Logged area Deforestation TM August 2007 PALSAR Application: Detection of Deforestation and Degradation Degradation undetected by optical data PALSAR HH July 2007 PALSAR Application: Detection of Deforestation and Degradation Seasonal behavior of Degraded areas PALSAR HH November 2007 INPE Satellites for Tropical Forests 100 Technology 2000 MUX CBERS-3/4 50 Technology 2008 CCD CBERS-2/3/4 PRODES Revisit (days) MUX CBERS-5/6 Technology 2015 10 DETER CBERS-SAR 5 AWFI CBERS-5/6 AWFI CBERS-3/4 AWFI Amazonia-1 WFI CBERS-2 1 1 5 50 10 Resolution (metres) 100 500 1000 Challenges in public policy How do the deforestation patterns react to public policies and market forces ? Challenges in public policy Is it possible to associate the deforesation patterns to its causes? Challenges in public policy Cenário para 2015? What combination of public policies can support the targets of deforestation for the Brazilian Amazonia?