Língua Inglesa
2
SUMÁRIO
DO
VOLUME
LÍNGUA INGLESA
1. Starting Point – Working with Idioms
2. Art in English Speaking Countries - Impressionism
2.1 Picture Matching
2.2 Reading
2.3 Special Cases: Plural or Singular
3. Working With the Text
3.1 Reading
3.2 Adjectives
3.3 Comparative and superlative
4. Working With Quantifiers
4.1 Description
4.2 Reading
4.3 Quantifiers
4.4 Let’s sing
4.5 Compounds formed with some, any, no and every
5. Linking Words
5
12
12
13
14
17
17
18
22
26
26
27
29
34
35
40
Língua Inglesa
SUMÁRIO COMPLETO
LÍNGUA INGLESA
VOLUME 1
1. Starting Point – Working with Idioms
2. Art in English Speaking Countries - Impressionism
3. Working With the Text
4. Working With Quantifiers
5. Linking Words
VOLUME 2
6. Working with Advertisements and Brochures
7. Working with the Internet I: e-mail
8. Working with the Internet II: blogs
VOLUME 3
9. Working with Magazine Articles
10. Working with Literature I
11. Working with Literature II: short stories and novels
3
4
Língua Inglesa
Língua Inglesa
5
Starting Point – Working with Idioms
1. STARTING POINT – WORKING
WITH IDIOMS
Idioms
What is an idiom? According to Longman Contemporary English dictionany, an idiom is a group of
words with a meaning of its own that is different from the meaning of each separate word put together:
All in the same boat is an idiom meaning everyone is facing the same challenges.
There are idioms in Portuguese as well and some are quite similar to those in English. All in the same
boat is quite similar to Todos no mesmo barco in Portuguese.
Work out the meanings of the following idioms finding the correct definition for each of them. If you
find any idiom with a similar meaning in Portuguese, just write it down. Good job and have fun!
Idioms
Wet behind the ears.
After two weeks, the new teacher was still wet behind the ears
and had trouble getting her students to pay attention after lunch.
A bed of roses.
School should be a bed of roses without tests and homework.
Bury your head in the sand.
Don’t bury your head in the sand!
Face the problem and try to solve it.
Meaning
6
Língua Inglesa
Starting Point – Working with Idioms
Idioms
Don’t cry over the spilt milk.
Well! What is done is done! Don’t cry over spilt milk.
Hit the hay.
Exhausted after a long day of work, I decided to hit the hay
right after dinner.
To save for a rainy day.
They always advised their children to save for a rainy day.
To rain cats and dogs.
Don’t leave now. It’s raining cats and dogs.
Meaning
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7
Starting Point – Working with Idioms
Idioms
To drive someone up the wall.
This loud song is driving me up the wall!
A white lie.
YOU LOOK LIKE A
HOLLYWOOD STAR!!
Under the weather.
I’m under the weather. I should go see a doctor.
Feel blue.
He feels blue because he misses her so much.
Meaning
8
Língua Inglesa
Starting Point – Working with Idioms
Idioms
To be green with envy.
Cris was green with envy when she saw Martha’s jewellery.
To break the ice.
Come on! Let’s break the ice and get closer.
Once in a blue moon.
They are good friends, but live in different cities.
They meet once in a blue moon.
As quiet as a mouse.
You are as quiet as a mouse today. What happened?
Meaning
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Starting Point – Working with Idioms
Idioms
To run against the clock.
He had to run against the clock to turn in his paper on time.
Time flies.
Time flies! It’s already 5:00p.m!
The grass is always greener on
the other side of the fence.
Don’t compare your life to your neighbor’s.
The grass is always greener on the other side of the fence.
Money doesn’t grow on trees.
Do you know how much it costs? Money doesn’t grow on
trees.
Meaning
10
Língua Inglesa
Starting Point – Working with Idioms
Idioms
A lightbulb went off.
She wondered how to solve her problem,
then a lightbulb went off and she knew what to do.
He is as sharp as a tack.
You can trust his calculations. He is as sharp as a tack!
A penny saved is a penny earned.
Don’t waste money! A penny saved is a penny earned.
When fish fly.
I’ll believe it when fish fly.
Meaning
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Starting Point – Working with Idioms
Idioms
Hit the nail on the head.
When you said she would think twice and apologize, you
hit the nail on the head! It didn’t take one hour and there she was!
To find a needle in the haystack.
Finding you in the concert will be like finding a needle in the
haystack!
What a small world!
Are you Susan’s sister? What a small world!
We’ve been friends for ages!
If the shoe fits, wear it.
I didn’t mean to offend you, but if the shoe fits, wear it.
Meaning
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Art in English Speaking Countries - Impressionism
2. ART
IN ENGLISH
SPEAKING COUNTRIES - IMPRESSIONISM
Pre- Reading
2.1 Picture Matching
Available at : <www.nga.gov>. Access on: 19 Sep. 2013.
There are three painting styles here: Portraits, Still Lifes and Landscapes. What do these words mean?
Look these words up in the dictionary and then match the painting styles to the corresponding pictures below.
HEADE, Martin Johnson (1819-1904). Still Life with
Wine Glass, 1860.
Available at : <www.nga.gov>. Access on: 19 Sep. 2013.
Available at : <: <www.nga.gov>. Access on: 19 Sep. 2013.
HASSAM, Childe. Poppies, 1891.
CHASE, William Merritt. Reflections, 1893.
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Art in English Speaking Countries - Impressionism
2.2 Reading
Developing Reading Skills and Strategies
Below you can find details on the paintings we’ve just
classified. Scan the following information to find out which picture
is being described.
A) This is the earliest known still life and flower
subject by Martin Johnson Heade. The four floral
still lifes in the Wilmerding collection (nos. 11-14)
all date from the 1860s – a period during which
Heade perfected his style and emerged as one
of the first important flower painters in American
art.
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_____________________________________
_____________________________________
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Reading Tip
Scanning
Scanning is a read
ing technique
that helps you find sp
ecific information
in a fast and effectiv
e way. We scan to
look up a phone nu
mber, read through
the small ads in a ne
wspaper, or for TV
schedules, timetables
, lists or catalogues.
In a text, we scan
for the specific
information we need
. We quickly spot it
in the text, and only
then read that line
carefully to avoid
misunderstandings.
For these tasks we do
n’t need to read or
understand every wor
d.
Scanning é muito út
il no trabalho
com os textos. Procur
amos key words,
ou seja, informaçõe
s-chave, específicas,
que podem ser núm
eros, datas, nomes
próprios, palavras
em itálico, ou em
negrito. A partir daí,
lemos as frases, no
contexto em que elas
se encontram, com
bastante atenção, e nã
o o texto integral.
B) The oil Poppies (Poppies, Isles of
Shoals) shows the view from Celia Thaxter’s
flower garden on the Isles of Shoals. (...)
Although one could see ample signs of
man’s presence from Thaxter’s garden,
Hassam usually excluded them from his
paintings. Here, only a sailboat passing
in the distance hints that we are not in a
wild environment. (...) In each zone different
colors predominate: green and red for the flowers; blue, purple, and white for the
rocks and water; and pale blue for the sky. (...)
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_____________________________________________________________________
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C) Reflections is a portrait of William Merritt Chase’s favorite subject
at Shinnecock, his wife, Alice Gerson, seated at night in the large
central hall of their house. Pictorially and psychologically, it is one
of Chase’s most complex paintings.
Alice, seen from behind, is reflected in the mirrored door of a
large armoire. Mirrors and mirror images appear in a number of
Chase’s Shinnecock interiors. In the exploration of pictorial illusion
nothing is as valuable as the mirror: as the standard of perfect
and complete illusion, the “mirror of nature” was for centuries the
emblem of art (...).
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Art in English Speaking Countries - Impressionism
Comprehension Task
Scan the extracts to answer the following questions.
1
Judge the following items according to the text.
a) _____ Still Life with Wine Glass was the only still life work Heade did.
b) _____ Heade is one of the first important flower painters in American art.
c) _____ Hassam didn’t use to include man’s presence in his works.
d) _____ Hassam painted Poppies, Isles of Schoals.
e) _____ Hassam emerged as one of the first important American flower painters in the 1860s.
f) _____ Reflections is considered Chase’s most complex painting.
2
Check the correct alternative.
a) Alice is portrayed in Reflections.
b) Reflections is a self portrait of William Merit Chase.
c) Poppies shows how much Hassam dislikes to let colors predominate in his works.
d) Poppies shows no signs of human presence.
e) Poppies was painted by Celia Thaxter, in 1891.
3
What is not true about the use of mirrors in paintings?
a) They appear in a number of Chase’s interiors at Shinnecock.
b) They are the most valuable instrument in the exploration of pictorial illusion.
c) The “mirror of nature” was for centuries the emblem of art.
d) Only mirror images appear in a few number of Chase’s works.
e) It is present in Reflections, and other Chase’s interiors.
4
What is William Merritt Chase’s favorite subject?
a) Shinnecock
b) mirrors
c) his wife
d) psychology
e) nature
5
According to the text, what was the emblem of art for centuries?
a) The mirror of nature.
b) Complete illusion.
c) The painter’s wife.
d) Pictorial illusion.
e) Complex paintings.
2.3 Special Cases: Plural or Singular
Há alguns casos especiais de substantivos em Inglês que possuem peculiaridades referentes a sua forma
plural e singular. Observe, a seguir, como são utilizados:
a) Há alguns substantivos que são usados, exclusivamente, na forma plural:
slacks/ pants
jeans
shorts
scissors
Podemos também usar a pair of... com essas palavras:
I need a new pair of glasses.
glasses
pyjamas
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Art in English Speaking Countries - Impressionism
b) Geralmente não usamos o plural de person (persons); usamos, sim, people.
He is a nice person.
They are nice people.
c) Embora os substantivos a seguir terminem em -s, eles não estão na forma plural:
mathematics
physics
economics
gymnastics
athletics
news
d) Já as palavras a seguir terminam em -s e podem ser empregadas tanto no singular quanto no plural:
Means
Series
Species
A means of transportation
A television series
A species of bird
Many means of transportation
Two television series
200 species of bird
e) Com a palavra police, sempre usamos o verbo no plural:
The police are well informed.
f ) Às vezes, usamos um substantivo plural com o verbo no singular. Isso ocorre quando nos referimos a
quantidade de dinheiro, a distância, a período de tempo, etc.:
Ten thousand dollars (= it) was stolen.
g) Dizemos a break of two hours, ou a two-hour break.
Aqui, a two-hour é usado como adjetivo, qualificando break. Como sabemos, em inglês, jamais
usamos plural para os adjetivos; portanto, quando usamos essa expressão como adjetivo, ela sempre
estará no singular:
A twenty-day vacation.
A two-hour class.
Let’s Pratice
6
Circle the mistakes in each of the sentences below and then, rewrite them with the correct words:
a) The women was 52.
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b) Physics are the most difficult subject at school.
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c) Mary carries a ten-pounds bag to class every day.
___________________________________________________________________________________
d) The pyjama are comfortable.
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e) The TV series Grey’s Anatomy are very interesting.
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