O “Present Perfect” refere-se a “ações recentes” ou a “ações passadas
sem tempo definido”.
Ações recentes
The professor has answered her question.
We have just allowed the kids to go shopping.
I have forgotten my login details! How can I retrieve them?
Ações passadas sem tempo definido
They have adopted that girl as their daughter.
He has tried to kill himself with a mixture of alcohol and pills.
We have gone too far and we do not know how to stop.
Estrutura
To have + Verbo Principal no Particípio
Normal form
I have tried
You have done
He has gone
She has prepared
It has worked
We have heard
You have planned
They have felt
Contracted form
I‘ve tried
You’ve done
He’s gone
She’s prepared
It’s worked
We’ve heard
You’ve planned
They’ve felt
Aplicações - 1
Para indicar uma ação passada sem tempo definido.
She has left without letting me know.
They have changed the password, out of the blue.
He has been accused of being a double agent!
mas
She left without a trace yesterday .
You changed everything last night .
He went to Paris two days ago .
Aplicações - 2
Para expressar uma ação que tem se repetido recentemente.
She has travelled
many times
several times
more than twice
more than three times
Aplicações - 3
O "Present Perfect" também é usado quando uma ação que
iniciou no passado se prolonga até o momento presente.
Exemplos:
John has run the company since 2005.
(ele começou administrar a compania em 2005 e até hoje a administra)
They have imported computer parts for four years .
(começaram a importar componentes há quatro anos atrás e ainda
hoje importam)
Aplicações - 4
Advérbios usados com o “Present perfect”.
Already
Yet
Just
Never
Ever
Lately
Recently
So far
Up to now
Already
Significa "já" e aparece nas formas afirmativa e interrogativa.
Exemplos:
Affirmative form
He has already reported the events.
They have already said "yes" to the offer .
Interrogative form
Has he already sent that item?
Have they already picked the students?
Yet
Significa "ainda" e "já" e aparece nas formas interrogativa e
negativa.
Exemplos:
He hasn’t changed many things in the project yet. ( ainda )
Anne Rice's Vampire Chronicles? I haven't read the book yet. ( ainda )
Has he written the article yet ? ( já )
Have they gone there yet ? ( já )
Just
Significa "exatamente, precisamente ou acabar de" e aparece
entre o verbo "to have" e o “verbo principal no particípio” .
(O advérbio "just" indica que a ação aconteceu recentemente)
Exemplos:
He has just gone weird with that Scientology stuff.
He has just accepted a scholarship to study at Yale.
Never
Significa "nunca" e aparece entre o verbo "to have"
e o “verbo principal” no particípio .
Exemplos:
She has never had plastic surgery .
They're seeing species they have never seen before.
Ever
Significa "alguma vez" e aparece entre o verbo "to have”
e o “verbo principal” no particípio.
Exemplos:
Have you ever thought about getting married?
Have they ever felt scared in the night or had a nightmare?
Lately/Recently
Significam "ultimamente" e “recentemente” e
aparecem no “final da frase ou idéia”.
Exemplos:
He hasn’t noticed anything significant lately .
They have gone to London lately .
John hasn't talked about Legal Practice recently .
Ask them what books they have read recently .
So far/Up to now
Significam “até aqui” ou “até agora” e geralmente aparecem
no “final da frase ou idéia”.
Exemplos:
The story we wanted to tell hasn't been told so far.
She hasn't agreed so far to be interviewed by The NYT.
His personality has inspired thousands of teenagers up to now.
We feel we've had a pretty good year up to now.
Complete the sentences using the verbs in the
present perfect tense:
1. I___________
have read that sugar is poisonous to health. (to read)
have worked
2.Unicef says kids ____________under
illegal conditions.(to work)
3.The president____________to
has traveled China to inaugurate a seminar
of the G20. (to travel)
4.Those people _______
have just________
decided to embrace
the cause. (to decide)
5.Hillary __________
has tried to turn her reputation as a champion
of women's rights. (to try)
6.Dorothy _________everything
trying to send you a
has done
message. (to do)
7.They _____
the fight and left. (to give)
have just ______up
given
8.He ___________a
has played role greater than we had imagined. (to
play)
9. Under his terrible leadership, he_____________
has increased the debt
by more than $5 trillion. (to increase)
10.Civilians ___________killed
in recent air strikes. (to be)
have been
In the following sentences, supply either the past tense or the
present perfect tense of the verbs in parentheses.
1.I keep trying new ideas but none _____________
have worked so far. (to
work)
2.Her boss_____to
went New York city last night. (to go)
3. The members of the board _________
have read the report several times.
(to read)
4.I ____
met Jennifer when I was in Seattle in 2005. (to meet)
5. The first lady ____
_______ her husband's very public
has never handled
affair. (to handle)
6. Samantha _____
has just_________
accepted an offer of employment with
the Holiday Inn in L.A. (to accept)
denied charges of prejudice last month.(to deny)
7. Daniel _______
8. If you ____________there
yet, you have to go. (to go - negative)
haven’t gone
9.I _______to
George a few days ago. (to talk)
talked
10. Molly____
has never_____in
been a situation like this before. (to be)
11.______
Have you ever______
seen the rain? (to see)
12.They ________to
traveled Paris last winter. (to travel)
13.We_____that
movie last year. (to see)
saw
14.They______________no
updates concerning the weather
have received
up to now. (to receive)
15. ______
Have you already ____
met your soulmate/true love and not
realised it? (to meet)
16. The researcher________________what
to do with the
has not decided
sample yet. (to decide - negative)
17. She _____without
a trace yesterday. (to leave)
left
18. They _______about
the agreement signed a few hours ago.
lied
(to lie)
(UNESP - SP) - Check the right alternative
according to the use of the “Present Perfect”:
a) I live here since 1970.
b) I have lived here since 1970.
c) I am living here since 1970.
d) I will live here since 1970.
e) I would live here since 1970.
Test 1
(PUCCAMP – SP) - Assinale a letra
correspondente a alternativa que preenche
corretamente as lacunas da frase apresentada.
Sandy: Hi, Jack.
Jack: Hi, Sandy.
Sandy: Gosh! I _____________ you for ages!
Jack: That's true. I_______ from a trip to Japan
just yesterday.
a) saw - am returning;
b) saw - returned;
c) have seen - have returned;
d) haven't seen - returned;
e) haven't seen - have returned.
Test 2
(ITA – SP) - Assinale a alternativa que completa a frase
corretamente:
He _________ them yesterday although he _______
very busy lately.
a) rings, was;
b) rang, was;
c) rang, has been;
d) has rung, has been;
e) none of these.
Test 3
(UEM – PR) - Check the right alternative;
I___________him many years ago. We________good
friends since then.
a) met; were
b) met; have been
c) have met; have been
d) have met; were
e) met; are
Test 4
(UEPG) - My friend__________her
grandparents since Christmas.
a) saw
b) hasn’t seen
c) doesn’t seen
d) haven’t seen
e) were seen
Test 5
(UEL – PR) - Choose the right alternative.
– Sue must be very rich.
– Yes, she _________ since she was 19.
a) has make a lot of money.
b) has made a lot of money.
c) has been make a lot of money.
d) hasn’t make much money.
e) hasn’t been made much money.
Test 6
(PUC - PR) - Find the correct use of the Present Perfect Tense:
1) I've answered all the questions.
2) He has stayed in that position for half an hour.
3) Jane's writen a book.
4) The writer has written a new book last year.
5) Lice has been a problem to mankind for years.
6) Some thieves have robbed the bank a week ago.
7) My men has slept for five hours.
Choose the right alternative:
a) 1 - 2 - 5 - 7
b) 1 - 2 - 4 - 5
c) 1 - 4 - 5 - 6 - 7
d) 2 - 3 - 7
e) 1 - 2
Test 7
(UFRGS) - Complete a frase a seguir com a forma
verbal mais adequada para cada lacuna:
The kids ............. in love with the Tamagotchi when
they first ............. it, but they ............. with it lately.
a) fell - saw - have not played
b) fall - see - did not play
c) fell - see - did not play
d) have fallen - seen - do not play
e) fall - saw - have not played
Test 8
(UERJ -RJ) - '"The large scale entrance of women into the
professions since the 1960s has posed many ideological and
aesthetic challenges: “Many of the basic principles associated
with exclusively male executive office subcultures, have
endured.”
The temporal reference expressed by the verb forms "has
posed and have endured" is best analyzed as.
a) situations beginning at a prior point continuing into the
present.
b) actions occurring at a specified prior time with current
relevance.
c) actions completed in the past prior to other past points in
time.
d) situations developed over a prior time period and now
completed.
Test 9
(Mackenzie) - The verb forms that correctly fill in blanks I, II and III
in the text are:
"This is the best thing that _ ( I ) _ to me in a long time. It _ ( II ) _
beautifully. I can read again.
It __ ( III ) _ my complete outlook."
Wanda Coupe Carlsbad, NM
a) has happened - works - has changed
b) is happening - does work - has been changed
c) had happened - worked - will be changing
d) happened - is working - hasn't changed
e) will happen - has been working - changed
Test 10