Teoria do caos:
a ordem na não-lineariedade
Franciele Feyϭ | :ĂƌďĂƐŶĚƌĠĚĂZŽƐĂϮ
Resumo
KŽďũĞƟǀŽƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂůĚĂdĞŽƌŝĂĚŽĂŽƐĠĞdžƉůŝĐĂƌŽĨƵŶĐŝŽŶĂŵĞŶƚŽĚĞƐŝƐƚĞŵĂƐ
ĐŽŵƉůĞdžŽƐĞĚŝŶąŵŝĐŽƐ͘KƐŵĂƚĞŵĄƟĐŽƐĚĞƐĞũĂŵƉƌĞǀĞƌŽƋƵĞƉĞŶƐĂŵŽƐƐĞƌŽĂĐĂƐŽ
ĞĚĞŵŽŶƐƚƌĂƌƋƵĞ͕ŶĂƌĞĂůŝĚĂĚĞ͕ĞƐƐĞĠƵŵĨĞŶƀŵĞŶŽƋƵĞƉŽĚĞƐĞƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĚŽƉŽƌ
ĞƋƵĂĕƁĞƐ͘KƐĐĄůĐƵůŽƐĞŶǀŽůǀĞŶĚŽĂdĞŽƌŝĂĚŽĂŽƐƐĆŽƵƟůŝnjĂĚŽƐƉĂƌĂĚĞƐĐƌĞǀĞƌĞĞŶƚĞŶĚĞƌĨĞŶƀŵĞŶŽƐŵĞƚĞŽƌŽůſŐŝĐŽƐ͕ĐƌĞƐĐŝŵĞŶƚŽĚĞƉŽƉƵůĂĕƁĞƐ͕ǀĂƌŝĂĕƁĞƐŶŽŵĞƌĐĂĚŽ
ĮŶĂŶĐĞŝƌŽ͕ ŵŽǀŝŵĞŶƚŽƐ ĚĞ ƉůĂĐĂƐ ƚĞĐƚƀŶŝĐĂƐ͕ ĞŶƚƌĞ ŽƵƚƌŽƐ͘ K ƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĞ ĂƌƟŐŽ ƉƌŽĐƵƌĂ
ƚĂŵďĠŵƌĞŐŝƐƚƌĂƌĂƌĞůĂĕĆŽĞĂĂƉůŝĐĂĕĆŽĚĂDĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂ͕ƉŽƌŵĞŝŽĚĞĂůŐƵŶƐĚĞƐĞƵƐ
ĐŽŶĐĞŝƚŽƐ͕ŶĂdĞŽƌŝĂĚŽĂŽƐ͘DĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂĠĨƵŶĚĂŵĞŶƚĂůŶŽĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝŵĞŶƚŽĚĞĐĄůĐƵůŽƐƋƵĞĐŽŵƉƌŽǀĂŵƚĂůdĞŽƌŝĂ͘EĞƐƐĞƐĞŶƟĚŽ͕ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƌͲƐĞͲĆŽĂůŐƵŵĂƐƐƵŐĞƐƚƁĞƐĚĞ
ĂƟǀŝĚĂĚĞƐ ĚŝĚĄƟĐĂƐ Ğ ƌĞůĂƚŽ ĚĞ ĂƉůŝĐĂĕƁĞƐ ƋƵĞ ĞŶǀŽůǀĞŵ Ă dĞŽƌŝĂ ĚŽ ĂŽƐ ĐŽŵŽ ĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽŵŽƟǀĂĚŽƌĚĂĂƉƌĞŶĚŝnjĂŐĞŵŵĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂĞƚĂŵďĠŵĐŽŵŽĨŽŶƚĞĚĞƉƌŽŵŽĕĆŽĚŽ
ĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽĚĞƐƐĂĐŝġŶĐŝĂ͕ƐĞŶĚŽĞƐƚĞƷůƟŵŽŽƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂůŽďũĞƟǀŽ͘WŽƌƚĂŶƚŽ͕ĂƌĞůĂĕĆŽ
entre essas duas áreas da ciência procura auxiliar na construção e na organização dos
ĂƐƉĞĐƚŽƐĐŽŐŶŝƟǀŽƐ͕ĐŽŵŽŽďũĞƟǀŽĚĞĂƉƌŝŵŽƌĂƌŽƐƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽƐĚĞĞŶƐŝŶŽĞĂƉƌĞŶĚŝnjĂŐĞŵĚĂDĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂ͘ƐƐŝŵƐĞŶĚŽ͕ďƵƐĐĂŝŶǀĞƐƟƌƚĂŵďĠŵŶĂĂƉƌŽdžŝŵĂĕĆŽĚŽƐƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂŝƐ
ƐƵũĞŝƚŽƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝĚŽƐ͗ŽƉƌŽĨĞƐƐŽƌĞŽĂůƵŶŽ͘
WĂůĂǀƌĂƐͲĐŚĂǀĞ͗dĞŽƌŝĂĚŽĂŽƐ͘ŶƐŝŶŽĞĂƉƌĞŶĚŝnjĂŐĞŵĚĞDĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂ͘^ŝƐƚĞŵĂƐ
ĚŝŶąŵŝĐŽƐĐŽŵƉůĞdžŽƐ͘EĆŽͲůŝŶĞĂƌŝĞĚĂĚĞ͘
ďƐƚƌĂĐƚ
džƉůĂŝŶŝŶŐ ŚŽǁ ĚLJŶĂŵŝĐĂů ĂŶĚ ĐŽŵƉůĞdž ƐLJƐƚĞŵƐ ǁŽƌŬ ŝƐ ƚŚĞ ŵĂŝŶ ŽďũĞĐƟǀĞ ŽĨ
ŚĂŽƐdŚĞŽƌLJ͘DĂƚŚĞŵĂƟĐŝĂŶƐƚƌLJƚŽƉƌĞĚŝĐƚǁŚĂƚǁĞƚŚŝŶŬĐŚĂŶĐĞŝƐĂŶĚƉƌŽǀĞƚŚĂƚŝƚ
ŝƐĂĐƚƵĂůůLJĂƉŚĞŶŽŵĞŶŽŶƚŚĂƚĐĂŶďĞƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĞĚďLJĞƋƵĂƟŽŶƐ͘ĂůĐƵůĂƟŽŶƐŝŶǀŽůǀŝŶŐ
ŚĂŽƐdŚĞŽƌLJĂƌĞƵƐĞĚƚŽĚĞƐĐƌŝďĞĂŶĚƵŶĚĞƌƐƚĂŶĚŵĞƚĞŽƌŽůŽŐŝĐĂůƉŚĞŶŽŵĞŶĂ͕ƉŽƉƵůĂƟŽŶŐƌŽǁƚŚ͕ǀĂƌŝĂƟŽŶƐŝŶĮŶĂŶĐŝĂůŵĂƌŬĞƚ͕ĂŶĚƉůĂƚĞƚĞĐƚŽŶŝĐƐ͕ĂŵŽŶŐŽƚŚĞƌƚŚŝŶŐƐ͘dŚŝƐ
ĂƌƟĐůĞƐĞĞŬƐƚŽƌĞŐŝƐƚĞƌƚŚĞƌĞůĂƟŽŶďĞƚǁĞĞŶŚĂŽƐdŚĞŽƌLJĂŶĚƉƉůŝĞĚDĂƚŚĞŵĂƟĐƐ͕
ƵƐŝŶŐƐŽŵĞŽĨŝƚƐĐŽŶĐĞƉƚƐ͘DĂƚŚĞŵĂƟĐƐŝƐĞƐƐĞŶƟĂůƚŽĚĞǀĞůŽƉĞƋƵĂƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚƉƌŽǀĞƚŚĞ
'ƌĂĚƵĂĚĂĞŵDĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂƉĞůĂƐ&ĂĐƵůĚĂĚĞƐ/ŶƚĞŐƌĂĚĂƐĚĞdĂƋƵĂƌĂͲ&ĂĐĐĂƚͲdĂƋƵĂƌĂ͕Z^͘
[email protected]
Ϯ
&ĂĐƵůĚĂĚĞƐ/ŶƚĞŐƌĂĚĂƐĚĞdĂƋƵĂƌĂͲ&ĂĐĐĂƚͲdĂƋƵĂƌĂ͕Z^͘KƌŝĞŶƚĂĚŽƌ͘
ũĂƌďĂƐΛĨĂĐĐĂƚ͘ďƌͲŚƩƉ͗ͬͬůĂƩĞƐ͘ĐŶƉƋ͘ďƌͬϯϰϴϴϯϭϵϬϳϱϴϰϲϮϮϴ
ϭ
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ĂĨŽƌĞŵĞŶƟŽŶĞĚƚŚĞŽƌLJ͘&ŽƌƚŚŝƐƌĞĂƐŽŶ͕ƚŚŝƐĂƌƟĐůĞǁŝůůƉƌĞƐĞŶƚƐƵŐŐĞƐƟŽŶƐŽĨĚŝĚĂĐƟĐ
ĂĐƟǀŝƟĞƐĂŶĚĂƌĞƉŽƌƚŽĨĂƉƉůŝĐĂƟŽŶƐŝŶǀŽůǀŝŶŐŚĂŽƐdŚĞŽƌLJĂƐĂŵŽƟǀĂƟŽŶĂůĞůĞŵĞŶƚ
ŝŶƚŚĞƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽĨDĂƚŚĞŵĂƟĐƐůĞĂƌŶŝŶŐĂŶĚĂƐĂǁĂLJŽĨƉƌŽŵŽƟŶŐƚŚŝƐƐĐŝĞŶĐĞ͕ǁŚŝĐŚ
ŝƐŽƵƌŵĂŝŶŽďũĞĐƟǀĞ͘dŚƵƐ͕ƚŚĞƌĞůĂƟŽŶďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞƐĞƚǁŽďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐŽĨƐĐŝĞŶĐĞŚĞůƉƐŝŶ
ĐŽŶƐƚƌƵĐƟŶŐĂŶĚŽƌŐĂŶŝnjŝŶŐĐŽŐŶŝƟǀĞĂƐƉĞĐƚƐǁŝƚŚĂǀŝĞǁƚŽĚĞǀĞůŽƉƚĞĂĐŚŝŶŐĂŶĚůĞĂƌŶŝŶŐƉƌŽĐĞƐƐĞƐŝŶDĂƚŚĞŵĂƟĐƐ͘^ƵĐŚƌĞůĂƟŽŶĂůƐŽƚƵƌŶƐƚŽĂƉƉƌŽĂĐŚŝŶŐƚǁŽŽĨƚŚĞŵĂŝŶ
ƐƵďũĞĐƚƐŝŶǀŽůǀĞĚŝŶƚŚĞƐĞƉƌŽĐĞƐƐĞƐ͗ƚĞĂĐŚĞƌĂŶĚƐƚƵĚĞŶƚ͘
<ĞLJǁŽƌĚƐ͗ŚĂŽƐdŚĞŽƌLJ͘DĂƚŚĞŵĂƟĐƐƚĞĂĐŚŝŶŐĂŶĚůĞĂƌŶŝŶŐ͘ŽŵƉůĞdžĚLJŶĂŵŝĐĂů
ƐLJƐƚĞŵƐ͘EŽŶůŝŶĞĂƌŝƚLJ͘
ϭ/ŶƚƌŽĚƵĕĆŽ
ŶŽƚſƌŝĂĂŝŵƉŽƌƚąŶĐŝĂƋƵĞƐĞĚĄ͕ĐĂĚĂǀĞnjĐŽŵŵĂŝŽƌĨƌĞƋƵġŶĐŝĂ͕ƉĂƌĂĂŽďƚĞŶção de conhecimentos que nos deem o domínio das situações. Esse conhecimento tem
ƐĞƚŽƌŶĂĚŽĐĂĚĂǀĞnjŵĂŝƐƉŽƐƐşǀĞů͕ƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂůŵĞŶƚĞŶĂƐƷůƟŵĂƐƋƵĂƚƌŽĚĠĐĂĚĂƐ͕ƋƵĂŶĚŽ͕
ĂƉĂƌƟƌĚŽƐĞƐƚƵĚŽƐĚĞƵŵŵĞƚĞŽƌŽůŽŐŝƐƚĂŶŽƌƚĞͲĂŵĞƌŝĐĂŶŽĐŚĂŵĂĚŽĚǁĂƌĚ>ŽƌĞŶnj͕
ĐŽŶƐĞŐƵŝƵͲƐĞĨĂnjĞƌĂůŐŽĂƚĠĞŶƚĆŽŝŶƵƐŝƚĂĚŽ͘^ĞŐƵŶĚŽ'ůĞŝĐŬ;ϭϵϵϬͿ͕ƵƟůŝnjĂŶĚŽĞƋƵĂĕƁĞƐ
ƋƵĞ ĞŶǀŽůǀŝĂŵ ĂƉĞŶĂƐ ƚƌġƐ ǀĂƌŝĄǀĞŝƐ Ͳ ƚĞŵƉĞƌĂƚƵƌĂ͕ ƉƌĞƐƐĆŽ ĂƚŵŽƐĨĠƌŝĐĂ Ğ ǀĞůŽĐŝĚĂĚĞ
ĚŽƐǀĞŶƚŽƐʹ͕>ŽƌĞŶnjƚŽƌŶŽƵƉŽƐƐşǀĞůĨĂnjĞƌƉƌĞǀŝƐƁĞƐĚŽƚĞŵƉŽ͘
ĞƐĚĞĞŶƚĆŽ͕ĂdĞŽƌŝĂĚŽĂŽƐ͕ƋƵĞŽƵƚƌŽƌĂĞƌĂĂƉůŝĐĂĚĂƐŽŵĞŶƚĞƉĂƌĂƋƵĞŚŽƵǀĞƐƐĞ ĞŶƚĞŶĚŝŵĞŶƚŽ ĚŽƐ ŵĞĐĂŶŝƐŵŽƐ ƋƵĞ ĚĆŽ ŽƌŝŐĞŵ ăƐ ƚĞŵƉĞƐƚĂĚĞƐ͕ ƚŽƌƌĞŶƚĞƐ Ğ
ŽƵƚƌŽƐĨĞŶƀŵĞŶŽƐŵĞƚĞŽƌŽůſŐŝĐŽƐ;WZ/'K'/E͕ϮϬϬϮͿ͕ƚĞŵǀŝŶĚŽĚĂƌĞdžƉůŝĐĂĕƁĞƐŶŽƐ
ĐĂŵƉŽƐĚĂDĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂ͕ĚĂ&şƐŝĐĂ͕ĚĂŝŽůŽŐŝĂ͕ĚĂDĞĚŝĐŝŶĂ͕ĚĂƐŝġŶĐŝĂƐ^ŽĐŝĂŝƐ͕ĚĂĐŽŶŽŵŝĂ͕ĚĂƐƚƌŽŶŽŵŝĂ͕ĞŶƚƌĞŽƵƚƌŽƐ͘ŽŶƐĞƋƵĞŶƚĞŵĞŶƚĞ͕ĂƐƌĞůĂĕƁĞƐƐŽĐŝĂŝƐ͕ĞĐŽŶƀŵŝĐĂƐ͕ƉŽůşƟĐĂƐĞĮŶĂŶĐĞŝƌĂƐƚŽƌŶĂƌĂŵͲƐĞŵĂŝƐĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶƐşǀĞŝƐ͕ǀĂůŽƌŝnjĂŶĚŽͲƐĞĐŽŵġŶĨĂƐĞ
ĂƚŽŵĂĚĂĚĞĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽĚĞƐƐĂƐŝŶĨŽƌŵĂĕƁĞƐĞŵǀŝƌƚƵĚĞĚĂŶĞĐĞƐƐŝĚĂĚĞĞĚŽĚĞƐĞũŽ
ƋƵĞŚĄĞŵƉŽĚĞƌĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶĚĞƌĞĂƚĠŵĞƐŵŽƉƌĞǀĞƌĨĂƚŽƐƋƵĞƉŽĚĞŵǀŝƌĂĂĐŽŶƚĞĐĞƌ͘
&ĂƚŽƌĚĞĐŝƐŝǀŽƉĂƌĂĞƐƐĂŵƵĚĂŶĕĂĨŽŝĂƉĞƌĐĞƉĕĆŽĞĂĂĐĞŝƚĂĕĆŽĚĞƋƵĞŽĂŽƐũĄ
ŶĆŽĠĂƉĞŶĂƐƵŵĂƚĞŽƌŝĂĐŝĞŶơĮĐĂĚĞĂůƚŽŐƌĂƵĚĞĐŽŵƉůĞdžŝĚĂĚĞĞĚŝİĐŝůĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶƐĆŽ͘
dĞŵƐĞƚŽƌŶĂĚŽĂĐŚĂǀĞĐĂƉĂnjĚĞĞdžƉůŝĐĂƌĨĞŶƀŵĞŶŽƐĂƚĠĞŶƚĆŽĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂĚŽƐŝŶĞdžƉůŝĐĄǀĞŝƐĞ͕ƉŽƌŝƐƐŽ͕ƐĞŵŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƐĞĐŝĞŶơĮĐŽ͘KŵŽƟǀŽƉĂƌĂƚĂŶƚŽƚŽƌŶĂͲƐĞĐůĂƌŽƉŽƌŵĞŝŽĚĂƐ
ƉĂůĂǀƌĂƐĚĞ'ůĞŝĐŬ;ϭϵϵϬ͕Ɖ͘ϯͿ͗͞KŶĚĞĞƐƚĄŽĂŽƐ͕ĂĐŝġŶĐŝĂĐůĄƐƐŝĐĂƉĄƌĂ͘͟
KĂŽƐƚŽƌŶĂƋƵĞƐƟŽŶĄǀĞŝƐĂƐŶŽƐƐĂƐŵĂŝŽƌĞƐĐĞƌƚĞnjĂƐĞƐƵƐĐŝƚĂŶŽǀĂƐŝŶĚĂŐĂções acerca de nossa própria realidade.
ƐŽĐŝĞĚĂĚĞ ŵŽĚĞƌŶĂ Ġ ŽďĐĞĐĂĚĂ ƉĞůĂ ƉƌĞǀŝƐĆŽ͕ ƉĞůŽ ĐŽŶƚƌŽůĞ Ğ ƉĞůĂ ŵĂŶŝƉƵůĂĕĆŽĚĞƚƵĚŽŽƋƵĞĂĐĞƌĐĂ͘WŽƌĠŵ͕ŽƐƐŝƐƚĞŵĂƐĐĂſƟĐŽƐĞŶĆŽůŝŶĞĂƌĞƐƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĞƐŶĂ
ŶĂƚƵƌĞnjĂ͕ŶĂƐŽĐŝĞĚĂĚĞĞĞŵŶŽƐƐĂƐƉƌſƉƌŝĂƐǀŝĚĂƐĞƐƚĆŽŵƵŝƚŽĂůĠŵĚĞƉĞƌŵŝƟƌƋƵĞƐĞ
ĨĂĕĂƋƵĂůƋƵĞƌƉƌĞǀŝƐĆŽ͕ŵĂŶŝƉƵůĂĕĆŽŽƵƋƵĞƐĞŽďƚĞŶŚĂĐŽŶƚƌŽůĞ͘
KƐƐŝƐƚĞŵĂƐĐĂſƟĐŽƐĞŶĐŽŶƚƌĂŵͲƐĞŵƵŝƚŽĚŝƐƚĂŶƚĞƐĚĞŶŽƐƐĂƐƚĞŶƚĂƟǀĂƐĚĞĚŽŵşŶŝŽ͕ƉŽŝƐƵŵĂƉĞƋƵĞŶŝŶĂŵƵĚĂŶĕĂŶŽŝŶşĐŝŽĚĞƵŵĞǀĞŶƚŽƉŽĚĞƚƌĂnjĞƌĐŽŶƐĞƋƵġŶĐŝĂƐ
ĞŶŽƌŵĞƐĞĂďƐŽůƵƚĂŵĞŶƚĞĚĞƐĐŽŶŚĞĐŝĚĂƐŶŽĨƵƚƵƌŽ͕ŽƋƵĞĠŵĞƚĂĨŽƌŝĐĂŵĞŶƚĞĞdžƉůŝĐĂĚŽ
ƉĞůŽĐŚĂŵĂĚŽ͞ĨĞŝƚŽŽƌďŽůĞƚĂ͕͟Ğ͕ƉŽƌŝƐƐŽ͕ƚĂŝƐĞǀĞŶƚŽƐƐĞƌŝĂŵƉƌĂƟĐĂŵĞŶƚĞŝŵƉƌĞǀŝƐşǀĞŝƐʹĐĂſƟĐŽƐ͕ƉŽƌƚĂŶƚŽ͘
218 | Faculdades Integradas de Taquara - Faccat
dĞŽƌŝĂĚŽĂŽƐĠƵŵĂĚĂƐůĞŝƐŵĂŝƐŝŵƉŽƌƚĂŶƚĞƐĚŽhŶŝǀĞƌƐŽ͕ƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĞŶĂĞƐƐġŶĐŝĂĚĞƋƵĂƐĞƚƵĚŽŽƋƵĞŶŽƐĐĞƌĐĂ͘WĂƌĞĐĞĂƐƐƵƐƚĂĚŽƌ͕ŵĂƐĠƐſŽďƐĞƌǀĂƌĂƚĞŶƚĂŵĞŶƚĞŽƐ
ĨĞŶƀŵĞŶŽƐŵĂŝƐĐĂƐƵĂŝƐĚĂǀŝĚĂƉĂƌĂŶŽƚĂƌƋƵĞĞƐƐĂŝĚĞŝĂĨĂnjŵƵŝƚŽƐĞŶƟĚŽ͘
KďƐĞƌǀĞŽĞdžĞŵƉůŽĚĞ^ŝůǀĂĞ^ŝůǀĂ;ϮϬϭϬ͕Ɖ͘ϭͿ͗
/ŵĂŐŝŶĞ ƋƵĞ͕ ŶŽ ƉĂƐƐĂĚŽ͕ ǀŽĐġ ƚĞŶŚĂ ƉĞƌĚŝĚŽ Ž ǀĞƐƟďƵůĂƌ ŶĂ ĨĂĐƵůĚĂĚĞ ĚĞ
ƐĞƵƐƐŽŶŚŽƐ ƉŽƌƋƵĞƵŵƉƌĞŐŽĨƵƌŽƵŽƉŶĞƵĚŽƀŶŝďƵƐ͘ ĞƐĐŽŶƐŽůĂĚŽ͕ǀŽĐġ
ĞŶƚƌĂĞŵŽƵƚƌĂƵŶŝǀĞƌƐŝĚĂĚĞ͘ŶƚĆŽ͕ĂƐƉĞƐƐŽĂƐĐŽŵƋƵĞŵǀŽĐġǀĂŝĐŽŶǀŝǀĞƌ
ƐĞƌĆŽŽƵƚƌĂƐ͕ƐĞƵƐĂŵŝŐŽƐǀĆŽŵƵĚĂƌ͕ŽƐĂŵŽƌĞƐƐĞƌĆŽĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ͕ƐĞƵƐĮůŚŽƐ
e netos podem ser outros...
EŽĮŶĂů͕ƐƵĂǀŝĚĂƐĞĂůƚĞƌŽƵƉŽƌĐŽŵƉůĞƚŽ͕ĞƚƵĚŽƉŽƌĐĂƵƐĂĚĞƵŵƉƌĞŐŽŶŽŝŶşĐŝŽ
dessa sequência de eventos.
ŽŵŽƚĞŵƉŽ͕ĐŝĞŶƟƐƚĂƐĐŽŶĐůƵşƌĂŵƋƵĞĞƐƐĂŝŵƉƌĞǀŝƐŝďŝůŝĚĂĚĞĂƉĂƌĞĐŝĂĞŵƋƵĂƐĞƚƵĚŽ͕ĚŽƌŝƚŵŽĚŽƐďĂƟŵĞŶƚŽƐĐĂƌĚşĂĐŽƐăƐĐŽƚĂĕƁĞƐĚĂŽůƐĂĚĞsĂůŽƌĞƐ͘EĂĚĠĐĂĚĂ
ĚĞϭϵϳϬ͕ŽŵĂƚĞŵĄƟĐŽƉŽůŽŶġƐĞŶŽŝƚDĂŶĚĞůďƌŽƚ;ϭϵϴϯͿĚĞƵƵŵŶŽǀŽŝŵƉƵůƐŽăƚĞŽƌŝĂ
ĂŽŶŽƚĂƌƋƵĞĂƐĞƋƵĂĕƁĞƐĚĞ>ŽƌĞŶnjďĂƟĂŵĐŽŵĂƐƋƵĞĞůĞƉƌſƉƌŝŽŚĂǀŝĂĨĞŝƚŽƋƵĂŶĚŽ
ĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀĞƵŽƐ&ƌĂĐƚĂŝƐ͕ĮŐƵƌĂƐŐĞƌĂĚĂƐĂƉĂƌƟƌĚĞĨſƌŵƵůĂƐƋƵĞƌĞƚƌĂƚĂŵŵĂƚĞŵĂƟĐĂŵĞŶƚĞĂŐĞŽŵĞƚƌŝĂĚĂŶĂƚƵƌĞnjĂ͕ĐŽŵŽŽƌĞůĞǀŽĚŽƐŽůŽŽƵĂƐƌĂŵŝĮĐĂĕƁĞƐĚĞŶŽƐƐĂƐ
ǀĞŝĂƐĞĂƌƚĠƌŝĂƐ͘
ũƵŶĕĆŽĚŽĞdžƉĞƌŝŵĞŶƚŽĚĞ>ŽƌĞŶnjĐŽŵĂŵĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂĚĞDĂŶĚĞůďƌŽƚŝŶĚŝĐĂƋƵĞ
ŽĂŽƐƉĂƌĞĐĞĞƐƚĂƌŶĂĞƐƐġŶĐŝĂĚĞƚƵĚŽ͕ŵŽůĚĂŶĚŽŽhŶŝǀĞƌƐŽ͘
Pesquisas recentes mostraram algo ainda mais surpreendente: equações idênƟĐĂƐĂƉĂƌĞĐĞŵĞŵĨĞŶƀŵĞŶŽƐĐĂſƟĐŽƐƋƵĞŶĆŽƚġŵƌĞůĂĕƁĞƐƵŶƐĐŽŵŽƐŽƵƚƌŽƐ͘/ƐƐŽ
ƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂƋƵĞƉŽĚĞŚĂǀĞƌƵŵĂĞƐƚƌĂŶŚĂŽƌĚĞŵƉŽƌƚƌĄƐĚĞƚŽĚĂĂŝŵƉƌĞǀŝƐŝďŝůŝĚĂĚĞ͘^ſĂ
ĐŽŶƟŶƵĂĕĆŽĚĂƐĞdžƉĞƌŝŵĞŶƚĂĕƁĞƐƉŽĚĞƌĞƐŽůǀĞƌŽŵŝƐƚĠƌŝŽ͘
ĚĞĞdžƚƌĞŵĂŝŵƉŽƌƚąŶĐŝĂƋƵĞƐĞƚĞŶŚĂďĞŵĐůĂƌŽƋƵĞŽĂŽƐŶĆŽĠĚĞƐŽƌĚĞŵ͕
ŵĂƐƐŝŵŝŵƉƌĞǀŝƐŝďŝůŝĚĂĚĞ͕ƋƵĞďƵƐĐĂŶŽĂƉĂƌĞŶƚĞĂĐĂƐŽƵŵĂŽƌĚĞŵƋƵĞĠĚĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĂĚĂ
ƉŽƌůĞŝƐƉƌĞĐŝƐĂƐ͘KƐŝƐƚĞŵĂĐĂſƟĐŽŶĆŽĠĂůĞĂƚſƌŝŽŶĞŵĚĞƐŽƌĚĞŶĂĚŽ͕ƉŽŝƐĞdžŝƐƚĞƵŵĂ
ordem e um padrão no sistema como um todo. É o que chamamos de Caos determinísƟĐŽ͕ƉŽƌƋƵĞŚĄƵŵĂĞƋƵĂĕĆŽƋƵĞĚĞĮŶĞŽƐĞƵĐŽŵƉŽƌƚĂŵĞŶƚŽ͘WŽƌŵĞŝŽĚĂdĞŽƌŝĂĚŽ
ĂŽƐ͕ƉŽĚĞŵŽƐǀĞƌŽƌĚĞŵĞƉĂĚƌĆŽŽŶĚĞƐſƐĞŽďƐĞƌǀĂǀĂŵĂůĞĂƚŽƌŝĞĚĂĚĞƐĞŝƌƌĞŐƵůĂƌŝdades. Há sempre uma ordem escondida no Caos.
Uma parte muito importante da Teoria do Caos encontra-se na geometria fractal.
KƚĞƌŵŽĨƌĂĐƚĂů͕ƋƵĞ͕ƐĞŐƵŶĚŽĂƌďŽƐĂ;ϮϬϬϱ͕Ɖ͘ϭϭͿ͕ĨŽŝĐƌŝĂĚŽƉŽƌĞŶŽŝƚDĂŶĚĞůďƌŽƚ͕
ĚĞƐŝŐŶĂƵŵŽďũĞƚŽŐĞŽŵĠƚƌŝĐŽƋƵĞŶƵŶĐĂƉĞƌĚĞƐƵĂĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂ͘^ŝŐŶŝĮĐĂ͕ĂĐŝŵĂĚĞƚƵĚŽ͕
semelhança.
KĞƐƚƵĚŽĚŽƐ&ƌĂĐƚĂŝƐĞƐƚĄůŝŐĂĚŽădĞŽƌŝĂĚŽĂŽƐ͕ƋƵĞďƵƐĐĂƉĂĚƌƁĞƐŽƌŐĂŶŝnjĂdos de comportamento dentro de um sistema aparentemente aleatório.
ŽŶĨŽƌŵĞ^ŝƋƵĞŝƌĂ;ϮϬϭϬͿ͕ŶĂŵŝƚŽůŽŐŝĂŐƌĞŐĂ͕ĂŽƐĞƌĂŽĞƐƚĂĚŽŶĆŽŽƌŐĂŶŝnjĂĚŽ͕
ŽƵŽŶĂĚĂ͕ĚĞŽŶĚĞƚŽĚĂƐĂƐĐŽŝƐĂƐƐƵƌŐŝĂŵ͘DĂƐŶĆŽĞƌĂĂƉĞŶĂƐŽŵĞƌŽǀĄĐƵŽ͕ŵĂƐŽ
ĞƐƚĂĚŽĚĞĞƐĐƵƌŝĚĆŽĞŶĞďƵůŽƐŝĚĂĚĞŝŶĮŶŝƚĂ͘
,ŽũĞĞŵĚŝĂͲĐŽŵŽĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝŵĞŶƚŽĚĂŵĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂĞĚĂĐŝġŶĐŝĂͲ͕ĂdĞŽƌŝĂĚŽ
ĂŽƐƐƵƌŐŝƵƉĂƌĂĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶĚĞƌĂƐŇƵƚƵĂĕƁĞƐĞƌƌĄƟĐĂƐĞŝƌƌĞŐƵůĂƌĞƐĚĂŶĂƚƵƌĞnjĂ͕ƌĞƐşĚƵŽƐ
da formação primordial vindas do grande ovo de Caos. Sistemas de comportamento caóUniverso Acadêmico, Taquara, v. 5, n. 1, jan./dez. 2012. | 219
ƟĐŽƐĆŽĞŶĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŽƐĞŵŵƵŝƚŽƐĐĂŵƉŽƐĚĂĐŝġŶĐŝĂĞĚĂĞŶŐĞŶŚĂƌŝĂĞƐĆŽĞƐƚƵĚĂĚŽƐ͕ƉŽŝƐ͕
ŵƵŝƚĂƐǀĞnjĞƐ͕ƐĆŽĞŶĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŽƐƉĂĚƌƁĞƐƋƵĞŵŽƐƚƌĂŵƵŵĂĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂŽƌĚĞŶĂĚĂŶŽƐŝƐƚĞŵĂ͘
ĐŝġŶĐŝĂĚŽƐ&ƌĂĐƚĂŝƐ͕ƟĚĂĐŽŵŽĂůŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŵĚŽĂŽƐ͕ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂƐŐĞŽŵĠƚƌŝĐĂƐĚĞŐƌĂŶĚĞĐŽŵƉůĞdžŝĚĂĚĞĞĚĞďĞůĞnjĂŝŶĮŶŝƚĂ͕ůŝŐĂĚĂƐăƐĨŽƌŵĂƐĚĂŶĂƚƵƌĞnjĂĞĂŽ
ĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝŵĞŶƚŽĚĂǀŝĚĂĞăƉƌſƉƌŝĂĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶƐĆŽĚŽƵŶŝǀĞƌƐŽ͘^ĆŽŝŵĂŐĞŶƐĚĞŽďũĞƚŽƐ
ĂďƐƚƌĂƚŽƐƋƵĞƉŽƐƐƵĞŵĐĂƌĄƚĞƌĚĞŽŶŝƉƌĞƐĞŶĕĂƉŽƌƚĞƌĞŵĂƐĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƟĐĂƐĚŽƚŽĚŽŝŶĮŶŝƚĂŵĞŶƚĞŵƵůƟƉůŝĐĂĚĂƐĚĞŶƚƌŽĚĞĐĂĚĂƉĂƌƚĞ͘
ƉĞƐĂƌ ĚĂƐ ŝŶƷŵĞƌĂƐ ĂƉůŝĐĂĕƁĞƐ Ğ ƵƟůŝĚĂĚĞƐ͕ ŽƐ &ƌĂĐƚĂŝƐ ĂŝŶĚĂ ƚġŵ Ƶŵ ůŽŶŐŽ
ĐĂŵŝŶŚŽ ƉĞůĂ ĨƌĞŶƚĞ͘ &ĂůƚĂŵ ŵƵŝƚĂƐ ĨĞƌƌĂŵĞŶƚĂƐ͕ Ğ ǀĄƌŝŽƐ ƉƌŽďůĞŵĂƐ ĐŽŶƟŶƵĂŵ ƐĞŵ
ƐŽůƵĕĆŽ͘hŵĂƚĞŽƌŝĂĐŽŵƉůĞƚĂĞƵŶŝĮĐĂĚĂĠŶĞĐĞƐƐĄƌŝĂ͕ĞĂƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂƉƌŽƐƐĞŐƵĞŶĞƐƐĞ
ƐĞŶƟĚŽ͘
KƐ&ƌĂĐƚĂŝƐ͕ĚĞŶƚƌŽĚĞƐƵĂƉƌŽƉŽƌĕĆŽĞĞƐĐĂůĂ͕ƌĞƉĞƚĞŵͲƐĞĞŵƐŝŵĞƐŵŽƐ͕ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƟĐĂĚĞŶŽŵŝŶĂĚĂĐŽŵŽĂƵƚŽƐƐŝŵŝůĂƌŝĚĂĚĞ͘ůĞƐƌĞǀŽůƵĐŝŽŶĂƌĂŵĂŐĞƌĂĕĆŽĞĂƌĞƉƌŽĚƵĕĆŽĚĞŝŵĂŐĞŶƐ͘ƐĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂƐĨƌĂŐŵĞŶƚĂĚĂƐ͕ŝŶĮŶŝƚĂŵĞŶƚĞďĞůĂƐĞĐŽŵƉůĞdžĂƐĚĞƐƐĂ
ŐĞŽŵĞƚƌŝĂĨŽƌŶĞĐĞŵĐĞƌƚĂŽƌĚĞŵŶŽĂŽƐ͘WŽƌŝƐƐŽ͕ăƐǀĞnjĞƐĠĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂĚĂĐŽŵŽĂƐƵĂ
ůŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŵ͕ƋƵĞďƵƐĐĂƉĂĚƌƁĞƐĚĞŶƚƌŽĚĞƵŵƐŝƐƚĞŵĂĂƉĂƌĞŶƚĞŵĞŶƚĞĂůĞĂƚſƌŝŽ͘
ŽŶĨŽƌŵĞ'ůĞŝĐŬ;ϭϵϵϬ͕Ɖ͘ϵϱͿ͗ΗA mente não pode visualizar toda a capacidade
ŝŶĮŶŝƚĂƋƵĞĂĐŽŵƉůĞdžŝĚĂĚĞƚĞŵĚĞĂƵƚŽͲĞŵďƵƟƌͲƐĞ͘DĂƐƉĂƌĂĂůŐƵĠŵƋƵĞƉĞŶƐĞĐŽŵŽ
ƵŵŐĞƀŵĞƚƌĂƐŽďƌĞĂĨŽƌŵĂ͕ĞƐƐĞƟƉŽĚĞƌĞƉĞƟĕĆŽĚĂĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂĞŵĞƐĐĂůĂƐĐĂĚĂǀĞnj
ŵĞŶŽƌĞƐƉŽĚĞĂďƌŝƌƚŽĚŽƵŵŵƵŶĚŽΗ͘
^ĞĨŽƌŵŽƐĨĂůĂƌĞŵǀĂůŽƌĞƐĞƐƚĠƟĐŽƐ͕ĂŶŽǀĂŵĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂĚĂŐĞŽŵĞƚƌŝĂĨƌĂĐƚĂůƉƀƐ
ĂĐŝġŶĐŝĂĞdžĂƚĂĞŵŚĂƌŵŽŶŝĂĐŽŵŽƐĞŶƟŵĞŶƚŽĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƟĐŽŵŽĚĞƌŶŽĚĂŶĂƚƵƌĞnjĂŶĆŽ
ĚŽŵĞƐƟĐĂĚĂ͕ŶĆŽĐŝǀŝůŝnjĂĚĂ͕ŶĆŽĚŽŵĂĚĂ͘
DĞƐŵŽĐĂƵƐĂŶĚŽƵŵŝŵƉĂĐƚŽŝŶŝĐŝĂůƋƵĂŶĚŽƉƌŽŶƵŶĐŝĂĚĂ͕ŽƵƉŽƌĚĞƐĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽ͕ŽƵƉŽƌƉĂƌĞĐĞƌŶĆŽƐĞĂƐƐŽĐŝĂƌͲƐĞăDĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂ͕ĂdĞŽƌŝĂĚŽĂŽƐĐŚĂŵĂĂƚĞŶĕĆŽ
ƉŽƌƉŽƐƐƵŝƌƵŵĂŝŵƉŽƌƚąŶĐŝĂŚŝƐƚſƌŝĐĂŝŶƚĞŶƐĂ͘ůĠŵĚŝƐƐŽ͕ĞůĂĠĐŽŶŚĞĐŝĚĂĞŵƋƵĂƐĞ
ƚŽĚŽŽƉůĂŶĞƚĂĞŵǀŝƌƚƵĚĞĚĂƌĞůĂĕĆŽşŶƟŵĂĐŽŵĂůşŶŐƵĂŵĂƚĞƌŶĂ͕ĞĂƐŵĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂƐϯ.
ĞǀŝĚŽăƐĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂĕƁĞƐĂŶƚĞƌŝŽƌĞƐ͕ƉĞƌĐĞďĞͲƐĞĂŶĞĐĞƐƐŝĚĂĚĞĚĞĚĞƐĐŽďƌŝƌ͕ĚĞƐŵŝƐƟĮĐĂƌĞĚŝĨƵŶĚŝƌĞƐƐĂĐŝġŶĐŝĂ͕ƚĆŽŝŵƉŽƌƚĂŶƚĞƉĂƌĂĂĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶƐĆŽĚĞŵƵŝƚŽƐĨĞŶƀmenos.
WĂƌĂWƌŝŐŽŐŝŶĞ;ϮϬϬϮ͕Ɖ͘ϴ͕ŐƌŝĨŽĚŽĂƵƚŽƌͿ͗
΀͘͘͘΁ĂĨŽƌŵƵůĂĕĆŽƚƌĂĚŝĐŝŽŶĂůĚĂƐůĞŝƐĚĂŶĂƚƵƌĞnjĂĐŽŶƚƌĂƉƵŶŚĂĂƐůĞŝƐĨƵŶĚĂmentais atemporais ăƐ ĚĞƐĐƌŝĕƁĞƐ ĨĞŶŽŵĞŶŽůſŐŝĐĂƐ͕ ƋƵĞ ŝŶĐůƵĞŵ Ă ƐĞƚĂ ĚŽ
ƚĞŵƉŽ͘ƌĞĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂĕĆŽĚŽĂŽƐůĞǀĂƚĂŵďĠŵĂƵŵĂŶŽǀĂŽĐŽƌƌġŶĐŝĂ͕ĂƵŵĂ
ĐŝġŶĐŝĂƋƵĞŶĆŽĨĂůĂĂƉĞŶĂƐĚĞůĞŝƐ͕ŵĂƐƚĂŵďĠŵĚĞĞǀĞŶƚŽƐ͕ĂƋƵĂůŶĆŽĞƐƚĄ
ĐŽŶĚĞŶĂĚĂĂŶĞŐĂƌŽƐƵƌŐŝŵĞŶƚŽĚŽŶŽǀŽ͕ƋƵĞĐŽŵƉŽƌƚĂƌŝĂƵŵĂƌĞĐƵƐĂĚĂƐƵĂ
ƉƌſƉƌŝĂĂƟǀŝĚĂĚĞĐƌŝĂĚŽƌĂ͘
:ƵƐƟĮĐĂͲƐĞĂƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂŶŽƚŽĐĂŶƚĞăƌĞƵŶŝĆŽĚĞĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐĞĐŽŵƉŝůĂĕĆŽĚĞĚĂĚŽƐ
ĞĨĂƚŽƐƉĂƌĂƉƌŽŵŽǀĞƌŽĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽĞĞŶƚĞŶĚŝŵĞŶƚŽĚĂdĞŽƌŝĂĚŽĂŽƐ͕ĂƐƐŝŵĐŽŵŽ
ŝŶƚƌŽĚƵnjŝƌĂůŐƵŵĂƐƚĠĐŶŝĐĂƐŵĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂƐƵƟůŝnjĂĚĂƐĐŽŵŽŝŶƐƚƌƵŵĞŶƚŽŶĂƐƵĂĂƉůŝĐĂĕĆŽ͘
ĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽĚŽƐĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽƐŵĂƚĞŵĄƟĐŽƐĞƐƚĄĂƐƐŽĐŝĂĚĂăƉƌſƉƌŝĂĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽ
^ĞŐƵŶĚŽ ǭŵďƌſƐŝŽ Ž ƚĞƌŵŽ ͞ĂƐ ŵĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂƐ͟ ƌĞĨĞƌĞͲƐĞ ĂŽ ŵŽĚŽ ĚĞ ƵƐĂƌ ŽƐ ƌĂŵŽƐ ĚĂ DĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂ ĚĞ ĂĐŽƌĚŽ ĐŽŵ Ă
ƌĞĂůŝĚĂĚĞůŽĐĂů͘dĞŵƌĞůĂĕĆŽĐŽŵŽĂƉĂƌĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽĚĞŶŽǀĂƐŝĚĠŝĂƐŶĂDĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂ͕ĨŽƌĂĚŽĐƵƌƌşĐƵůŽͲŵĂƐƋƵĞƚĞŵƌĞůĂĕĆŽşŶƟŵĂ
ĐŽŵĂĚŝƐĐŝƉůŝŶĂͲĐĂƵƐĂŶĚŽĚŝƐĐƵƐƐĆŽƐŽďƌĞƐƵĂƚĞŽƌŝnjĂĕĆŽ͕ƐĞũĂŶĂƐƵĂĨŽƌŵĂůŝnjĂĕĆŽĂƚƌĂǀĠƐĚĂƉƌĄƟĐĂ;ƚŶŽŵĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂͿ͕ŽƵ
ƐƵĂƉƌĄƟĐĂƌĞŇĞdžŝǀĂ͘
ϯ
220 | Faculdades Integradas de Taquara - Faccat
ĚŽƐĞƌŚƵŵĂŶŽ͕ŶĂĐŽŶĐĞƉĕĆŽĚĞŝŶĚŝǀşĚƵŽĞĚĞƐŽĐŝĞĚĂĚĞ͘dĞŶĚŽĚŽŵŝŶĂĚŽŽŵƵŶĚŽ
İƐŝĐŽ͕ŽŚŽŵĞŵĐŽŶŚĞĐĞƵŽƉŽĚĞƌĚĂ͞ZĂŝŶŚĂĚĂƐŝġŶĐŝĂƐ͟;'Z/͕ϮϬϬϲ͕Ɖ͘ϳͿ͕ƚĂŶƚŽ
ŶĂĨŽƌŵĂĐŽŶĐƌĞƚĂĐŽŵŽŶĂĨŽƌŵĂĂďƐƚƌĂƚĂ͘KŐƌĂŶĚĞĚĞƐĂĮŽĞŶĨƌĞŶƚĂĚŽ͕ŚŽũĞ͕ĠĐŽŵŽ
ƐŝŵƉĂƟnjĂƌĐŽŵĞƐƐĂ͞ZĂŝŶŚĂĚĂƐŝġŶĐŝĂƐ͟ĞĂƉƌĞŶĚĞƌDĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂŶŽŵƵŶĚŽŐůŽďĂůŝnjĂĚŽĞŵƋƵĞǀŝǀĞŵŽƐ͘ĞƐƐĞƌĞƐƉĞŝƚŽ͕ƌŽƵƐƐĞĂƵ;ϮϬϬϳ͕Ɖ͘ϭϱͿƌĞŐŝƐƚƌĂ͗
^ĞŵƉƌĞ ŶŽƐ ƉĞƌŐƵŶƚĂŵŽƐ ƋƵĂŝƐ ƐĆŽ ŽƐ ĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽƐ ŵĂƚĞŵĄƟĐŽƐ ͚ŶĞĐĞƐƐĄƌŝŽƐ͛ƉĂƌĂĂĞĚƵĐĂĕĆŽĞĂƐŽĐŝĞĚĂĚĞĞĐŽŵŽůĞǀĂƌĂĐĂďŽĞƐƐĂĚŝĨƵƐĆŽ͘^ĆŽ
ĂďƵŶĚĂŶƚĞƐŽƐƚĞdžƚŽƐƐŽďƌĞĂĮŶĂůŝĚĂĚĞĚĂŵĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂ͕ĞĞůĞƐĞdžƉůŝĐĂŵĂŶĞĐĞƐƐŝĚĂĚĞĚĞ͕ĞŵƵŵĂƐŽĐŝĞĚĂĚĞ͕ĐĂĚĂĐŝĚĂĚĆŽĚŝƐƉŽƌĚĞƵŵĂĐƵůƚƵƌĂŵĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂƐƵĮĐŝĞŶƚĞĞ͕ĂŽŵĞƐŵŽƚĞŵƉŽ͕ĐŽŶƚĂƌĐŽŵƵŵĂƋƵĂŶƟĚĂĚĞĂĚĞƋƵĂĚĂ
ĚĞƚĠĐŶŝĐŽƐĞĐŝĞŶƟƐƚĂƐƉĂƌĂĞŶĨƌĞŶƚĂƌŽƐĚĞƐĂĮŽƐĚŽĨƵƚƵƌŽʹƋƵĂŶĚŽ͕ĂŽƋƵĞ
ƚƵĚŽŝŶĚŝĐĂ͕ĂŵĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂǀŝƌĄĂĚĞƐĞŵƉĞŶŚĂƌƵŵƉĂƉĞůŝŵƉŽƌƚĂŶƚĞŶŝƐƐŽ͘
ĞĂĐŽƌĚŽĐŽŵŽƐWĂƌąŵĞƚƌŽƐƵƌƌŝĐƵůĂƌĞƐEĂĐŝŽŶĂŝƐ;Z^/>͕ϮϬϬϮͿƉĂƌĂŽŶƐŝŶŽDĠĚŝŽ͕ĂƉƌĞŶĚĞƌDĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂĚĞĨŽƌŵĂĐŽŶƚĞdžƚƵĂůŝnjĂĚĂ͕ŝŶƚĞŐƌĂĚĂĞƌĞůĂĐŝŽŶĂĚĂĂ
outros conhecimentos traz em si o desenvolvimento de competências e habilidades que
são essencialmente formadoras. Isso ocorre porque instrumentalizam e estruturam o
ƉĞŶƐĂŵĞŶƚŽ ĚŽ ĂůƵŶŽ͕ ĐĂƉĂĐŝƚĂŶĚŽͲŽ ƉĂƌĂ ĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶĚĞƌĞ ŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƌ ƐŝƚƵĂĕƁĞƐ͕ ƉĂƌĂ
ƐĞĂƉƌŽƉƌŝĂƌĚĞůŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŶƐĞƐƉĞĐşĮĐĂƐ͕ĂƌŐƵŵĞŶƚĂƌ͕ĂŶĂůŝƐĂƌĞǀĂůŝĚĂƌ͕ƟƌĂƌĐŽŶĐůƵƐƁĞƐƉƌſƉƌŝĂƐ͕ƚŽŵĂƌĚĞĐŝƐƁĞƐ͕ŐĞŶĞƌĂůŝnjĂƌĞƉĂƌĂŵƵŝƚĂƐŽƵƚƌĂƐĂĕƁĞƐŶĞĐĞƐƐĄƌŝĂƐăƐƵĂĨŽƌŵĂĕĆŽ͘
ŽůŽĐĂƌĞŵƉƌĄƟĐĂƚŽĚŽƐŽƐŽďũĞƟǀŽƐƉƌŽƉŽƐƚŽƐƉĞůŽƐWEƐ;Z^/>͕ϮϬϬϬ͖ϮϬϬϮͿ
ĞĂƐĐŽŶĐĞƉĕƁĞƐĚŝĚĄƟĐĂƐĚĞƋƵĞĚŝƐƉŽŵŽƐŶĆŽĠƚĂƌĞĨĂĨĄĐŝůĞŵƐĞƚƌĂƚĂŶĚŽĚĂƌĞĂůŝdade educacional. Passamos atualmente por problemas estruturais e pedagógicos de
ŽƌĚĞŵƐŽĐŝĂů͕ĐƵůƚƵƌĂůĞƉŽůşƟĐĂ͘
ŵƚĂůƐĞŶƟĚŽ͕ƉĞƌĐĞďĞŶĚŽĂŶĞĐĞƐƐŝĚĂĚĞĚĞƵŵĂŶŽǀĂĂďŽƌĚĂŐĞŵĚŽĞŶƐŝŶŽĚĂ
DĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂ͕ĠŶĞĐĞƐƐĄƌŝĂĂŝŶƚƌŽĚƵĕĆŽĚĞĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐŵĞƚŽĚŽůŽŐŝĂƐĞƐŝƚƵĂĕƁĞƐĚŝĚĄƟĐĂƐ
ŶĞƐƐĂĄƌĞĂĚĂĐŝġŶĐŝĂ͕ĐŽŵĂĮŶĂůŝĚĂĚĞĚĞŐĞƌĂƌĂƉƌĞŶĚŝnjĂŐĞŵ͘
ĂďĞƚĂŵďĠŵƌĞƐƐĂůƚĂƌĂŐƌĂŶĚĞƉŽƐƐŝďŝůŝĚĂĚĞĚĞƵƟůŝnjĂƌŽƐĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽƐƌĞĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐădĞŽƌŝĂĚŽĂŽƐĐŽŵŽĨĞƌƌĂŵĞŶƚĂĚĞĞŶƐŝŶŽŶĂƐƐĂůĂƐĚĞĂƵůĂ͘WŽĚĞ͕ĂŽŵĞƐŵŽ
ƚĞŵƉŽ͕ƐĞƌƵŵĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽŵŽƟǀĂĚŽƌŶŽƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽĚĞĞŶƐŝŶŽĞĂƉƌĞŶĚŝnjĂŐĞŵĚŽƐĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽƐŵĂƚĞŵĄƟĐŽƐĞŵĞƐƚƵĚŽĞ͕ĂŝŶĚĂ͕ĂƉƌŽdžŝŵĂƌĂDĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂĚĂ,ŝƐƚſƌŝĂ͘
^ĞŶĚŽĂƐƐŝŵ͕ŽŽďũĞƟǀŽĠĂƉŽĚĞƌĂƌͲƐĞĚĞƚĆŽƌŝĐŽƐĞŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƐĂŶƚĞƐƐĂďĞƌĞƐŵĂƚĞŵĄƟĐŽƐƋƵĞƐĆŽĚĞƐǀĞŶĚĂĚŽƐĞĞdžƉůŝĐĂĚŽƐƉŽƌŵĞŝŽĚĂdĞŽƌŝĂĚŽĂŽƐ͘
ĨĂƐĐŝŶĂŶƚĞƉŽĚĞƌĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶĚĞƌƋƵĞƐƚƁĞƐǀŝƐƚĂƐ͕ĂƚĠĞŶƚĆŽ͕ĐŽŵŽŝŶĞdžƉůŝĐĄǀĞŝƐ
ŽƵŝƌƌĞůĞǀĂŶƚĞƐ͕ĞĐŽŶƐĞŐƵŝƌĂŶĂůŝƐĂƌĞƐƐĞƐ͞ƉƌŽďůĞŵĂƐ͟ƐŽďƵŵŶŽǀŽąŶŐƵůŽ͘WŽĚĞͲƐĞ͕
ĂƐƐŝŵ͕ĞǀŝƚĂƌĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĕƁĞƐĚŽƉĂƐƐĂĚŽ͕ƉŽŝƐŶŽƐƌĞĨĞƌŝŵŽƐĂƵŵĂŝġŶĐŝĂƋƵĞŶĆŽƚƌĂƚĂ
ĚĞƋƵĞƐƚƁĞƐƐŝŵƉůŝĮĐĂĚĂƐ͕ŝĚĞĂůŝnjĂĚĂƐ͕ŵĂƐƋƵĞŶŽƐĐŽůŽĐĂĚŝĂŶƚĞĚĂĐŽŵƉůĞdžŝĚĂĚĞĚŽ
ŵƵŶĚŽƌĞĂů͕ŝŶĚŽĐŽŶƚƌĂĂůĞŝƚƵƌĂĚĞƚĞƌŵŝŶşƐƟĐĂĚĂƐůĞŝƐĚĂŶĂƚƵƌĞnjĂ͘
ĞƐĞũĂͲƐĞ͕ƉŽƌŵĞŝŽĚŽƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĞĂƌƟŐŽ͕ĐŽŶŚĞĐĞƌĂdĞŽƌŝĂĚŽĂŽƐĞĂŶĂůŝƐĂƌƐĞƵƐ
ƉŽƐƐşǀĞŝƐĞŶĐĂĚĞĂŵĞŶƚŽƐĐŽŵĂDĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂ͕ƉĂƌĂƐĞƚĞƌĂĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶƐĆŽĚĂŝŵƉŽƌƚąŶĐŝĂ͕ƉĂƐƐĂĚĂĞĂƚƵĂů͕ĚĞƐƐĂĐŝġŶĐŝĂ͘^ƵĂĂƉůŝĐĂĕĆŽƉŽĚĞŽĐŽƌƌĞƌƚĂŶƚŽŶŽŶşǀĞůĨƵŶĚĂŵĞŶƚĂů ĐŽŵŽ ƚĂŵďĠŵ ŶŽ ŶşǀĞů ŵĠĚŝŽ͕ ŵŽĚĞůĂŶĚŽ Ă ŝŶƚĞƌĚŝƐĐŝƉůŝŶĂƌŝĚĂĚĞ Ğ ǀĂůŽƌŝnjĂŶĚŽ Ž
ensino e a aprendizagem.
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ϮdĞŽƌŝĂĚŽĂŽƐĞƐĞƵŽŶĐĞŝƚŽ
YƵĂŶĚŽŽƐŐƌĞŐŽƐƋƵĞƌŝĂŵƐĞƌĞĨĞƌŝƌĂƵŵǀĂnjŝŽĂďŝƐƐĂů͕ƵƐĂǀĂŵĂƉĂůĂǀƌĂĐŚĄŽƐ.
ŶƚƌĞƚĂŶƚŽ͕ŽĂŽƐŶĞŵƐĞŵƉƌĞŶŽƐƌĞŵĞƚĞĂĨĂƚŽƐƌƵŝŶƐ͘EŽƐĞŶƟĚŽĚĞƉƵƌĂĚĞƐŽƌĚĞŵ͕
ƌĞĂůŵĞŶƚĞ͕ƉŽƵĐŽƐĞƉŽĚĞĚŝnjĞƌĂƐĞƵĨĂǀŽƌ͘WŽƌĠŵŽƋƵĞŽŵĂƚĞŵĄƟĐŽ:ĂŵĞƐzŽƌŬĞĞƐƚĂǀĂƋƵĞƌĞŶĚŽĚŝnjĞƌƋƵĂŶĚŽƐĞƵƟůŝnjŽƵĚĞƐƐĞƚĞƌŵŽĞŵϭϵϳϱĞƌĂĚĞƐŽƌĚĞŵŽƌĚĞŶĂĚĂ͕
ŽƵƐĞũĂ͕ƵŵƉĂĚƌĆŽĚĞŽƌŐĂŶŝnjĂĕĆŽĞdžŝƐƚĞŶƚĞƉŽƌƚƌĄƐĚĂĂƉĂƌĞŶƚĞĐĂƐƵĂůŝĚĂĚĞ͘
^ŽďƌĞŝƐƐŽ͕ĂĮƌŵĂ>ŽƌĞŶnj;ϭϵϵϲ͕Ɖ͘ϭϱ͕ŐƌŝĨŽĚŽĂƵƚŽƌͿ͗
΀͘͘͘΁͚ĂŽƐ͛ʹƵŵĂƉĂůĂǀƌĂĂŶƟŐĂƋƵĞŽƌŝŐŝŶĂůŵĞŶƚĞĞŶƵŶĐŝĂǀĂƵŵĂĨĂůƚĂƚŽƚĂů
ĚĞĨŽƌŵĂŽƵĂƌƌĂŶũŽƐŝƐƚĞŵĄƟĐŽ͕ŵĂƐĂƚƵĂůŵĞŶƚĞƵƟůŝnjĂĚĂƉĂƌĂƐƵŐĞƌŝƌĂĂƵsência de alguma forma de ordem que deveria estar presente. Apesar de sua
ŝĚĂĚĞ͕ĞƐƚĂƉĂůĂǀƌĂĨĂŵŝůŝĂƌŶĆŽĞƐƚĄƉƌſdžŝŵĂĚĞƐĞƵůĞŝƚŽĚĞŵŽƌƚĞĞ͕ƌĞĐĞŶƚĞŵĞŶƚĞ͕ƐƵƉĞƌŽƵŵƵŝƚĂƐŽƵƚƌĂƐƉĂůĂǀƌĂƐĐŽŵƵŶƐĂŽĂĚƋƵŝƌŝƌǀĄƌŝŽƐƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂĚŽƐ
técnicosƌĞůĂĐŝŽŶĂĚŽƐ͕ƉŽƌĠŵĚŝƐƟŶƚŽƐ͘
͞dĞŽƌŝĂĚŽĂŽƐ͟ʹĞƐƚƵĚŽĚĂĚĞƐŽƌĚĞŵŽƌŐĂŶŝnjĂĚĂʹĞŶƚƌŽƵĞŵǀŝŐŽƌƐŽŵĞŶƚĞ
ŶŽƐĂŶŽƐϭϵϴϬ͕ŵĂƐƐƵĂƐƐĞŵĞŶƚĞƐĞƐƚĆŽƐĞŶĚŽůĂŶĕĂĚĂƐĚĞƐĚĞϭϵϲϬ͕ƋƵĂŶĚŽŽŵĞƚĞŽƌŽůŽŐŝƐƚĂĚŽ/ŶƐƟƚƵƚŽĚĞdĞĐŶŽůŽŐŝĂĚĞDĂƐƐĂĐŚƵƐĞƩƐͲD/dͲĚǁĂƌĚ>ŽƌĞŶnjĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀĞƵŵŽĚĞůŽƐĐŽŵƉƵƚĂĐŝŽŶĂŝƐĚŽƐƉĂĚƌƁĞƐĚŽƚĞŵƉŽ͘ŽŵŽĠƐĂďŝĚŽ͕ĠĞdžƚƌĞŵĂŵĞŶƚĞ
ĚŝİĐŝůƌĞĂůŝnjĂƌƵŵĂƉƌĞǀŝƐĆŽĚŽƚĞŵƉŽƉĂƌĂůŽŶŐŽƉƌĂnjŽ͕ĂŝŶĚĂƋƵĞƉŽƐƐĂŵŽƐŝƐŽůĂƌĨĂƚŽres que causam sua mudança.
>ŽƌĞŶnj;ϭϵϵϲͿ͕ĂƐƐŝŵĐŽŵŽŵƵŝƚŽƐŽƵƚƌŽƐ͕ƉĞŶƐĂǀĂƋƵĞƚƵĚŽŽƋƵĞĞƌĂŶĞĐĞƐƐĄƌŝŽ
ƉĂƌĂƌĞĂůŝnjĂƌĞƐƐĂƉƌĞǀŝƐĆŽĞƌĂĚĞƵŵŵŽĚĞůŽŵĂŝƐĂďƌĂŶŐĞŶƚĞ͘ƐƐŝŵƐĞŶĚŽ͕ĞƐĐƌĞǀĞƵ
ƵŵƉƌŽŐƌĂŵĂďĂƐĞĂĚŽĞŵĚŽnjĞĞƋƵĂĕƁĞƐƐŝŵƉůĞƐ͕ƋƵĞ͕ĞŵůŝŶŚĂƐŐĞƌĂŝƐ͕ƉŽƐƐŝďŝůŝƚĂǀĂŵ
ĂŵŽĚĞůĂĕĆŽĚŽƐƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂŝƐĨĂƚŽƌĞƐƋƵĞŝŶŇƵĞŶĐŝĂǀĂŵŶŽƚĞŵƉŽ͘
E descobriu algo surpreendente: pequenas mudanças ou pequenos erros em um
par de variáveis produziam efeitos tremendamente desproporcionais. Para um períoĚŽĚĞƵŶƐĚŽŝƐĚŝĂƐ͕ĞůĂƐŵĂůĨĂnjŝĂŵĚŝĨĞƌĞŶĕĂ͕ŵĂƐ͕ĞdžƚƌĂƉŽůĂŶĚŽͲƐĞƉĂƌĂƵŵŵġƐŽƵ
ŵĂŝƐ͕ĂƐŵƵĚĂŶĕĂƐƉƌŽĚƵnjŝĂŵƉĂĚƌƁĞƐĐŽŵƉůĞƚĂŵĞŶƚĞĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ͘>ŽƌĞŶnjĐŚĂŵŽƵƐƵĂ
ĚĞƐĐŽďĞƌƚĂĚĞ͞ĨĞŝƚŽŽƌďŽůĞƚĂ͕͟ƟƌĂĚŽĚŽơƚƵůŽĚĞĂƌƟŐŽƋƵĞĞůĞƉƵďůŝĐŽƵĞŵϭϵϳϵ͗
͞WƌĞǀŝƐŝďŝůŝĚĂĚĞ͗ŽďĂƚĞƌĚĞĂƐĂƐĚĞƵŵĂďŽƌďŽůĞƚĂŶŽƌĂƐŝůƉŽĚĞĚĞƐĞŶĐĂĚĞĂƌƵŵƚŽƌnado no Texas?”.
ŵŽƵƚƌĂƐƉĂůĂǀƌĂƐ͗ĨĂƚŽƌĞƐŝŶƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĞƐ͕ĚŝƐƚĂŶƚĞƐƉŽĚĞŵĞǀĞŶƚƵĂůŵĞŶƚĞƉƌŽĚƵnjŝƌƌĞƐƵůƚĂĚŽƐĐĂƚĂƐƚƌſĮĐŽƐŝŵƉƌĞǀŝƐşǀĞŝƐ͍>ŽƌĞŶnj;ϭϵϵϲͿƉĞƌŵŝƟƵͲƐĞƵŵĂƉĞƋƵĞŶĂŚŝƉĠƌďŽůĞƉŽƌƋƵĞƋƵĞƌŝĂĚƌĂŵĂƟnjĂƌƐĞƵƉŽŶƚŽĚĞǀŝƐƚĂ͕ĂƋƵĂůĂƉĂƌĞĐĞŶĂĮŐƵƌĂϭ͕ĂƐĞŐƵŝƌ͘
222 | Faculdades Integradas de Taquara - Faccat
&ŝŐƵƌĂϭʹ'ƌĄĮĐŽĚĞ>ŽƌĞŶnjͲĞŵŽŶƐƚƌĂƟǀŽĚŽĨĞŝƚŽŽƌďŽůĞƚĂ
&ŽŶƚĞ͗ƌƚĞƌĂƐŝůŝƐ;ϮϬϭϭͿ
sŝƌƚƵĂůŵĞŶƚĞ͕ƚŽĚŽƐŽƐİƐŝĐŽƐĂŶƚĞƐĚŽƐĂŶŽƐϭϵϳϬĮdžĂƌĂŵͲƐĞŶŽƐĐŚĂŵĂĚŽƐƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽƐ͞ůŝŶĞĂƌĞƐ͟ʹƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽƐĞŵƋƵĞƉĞƋƵĞŶĂƐŵƵĚĂŶĕĂƐƉƌŽĚƵnjŝĂŵƌĞƐƵůƚĂĚŽƐƉƌŽƉŽƌĐŝŽŶĂůŵĞŶƚĞƉĞƋƵĞŶŽƐ͘DĂƐƵŵŐƌĂŶĚĞŶƷŵĞƌŽĚĞĨĞŶƀŵĞŶŽƐʹŶĆŽƐſŶĂŵĞƚĞŽƌŽůŽŐŝĂĞŶĂİƐŝĐĂ͕ĐŽŵŽƚĂŵďĠŵŶĂďŝŽůŽŐŝĂ͕ĞĐŽůŽŐŝĂ͕ĞĐŽŶŽŵŝĂ͕ĞĂƐƐŝŵƉŽƌĚŝĂŶƚĞʹŶĆŽ
obedeciam a leis lineares nem seguiam fórmulas lineares.
WƌŽĐĞƐƐŽƐ͞ŶĆŽͲůŝŶĞĂƌĞƐ͟ƐĆŽĂƋƵĞůĞƐĞŵƋƵĞĂƐĞƋƵĂĕƁĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀĞŵƚĂdžĂƐǀĂƌŝĄǀĞŝƐĚĞŵƵĚĂŶĕĂ͕ĞŶĆŽƚĂdžĂƐĮdžĂƐ͕ĞŵƋƵĞĂƐŵƵĚĂŶĕĂƐƐĆŽŵƵůƟƉůŝĐĂĚĂƐĞŵǀĞnjĚĞ
ĂĚŝĐŝŽŶĂĚĂƐ͕ĞƉĞƋƵĞŶŽƐĚĞƐǀŝŽƐƉŽĚĞŵƚĞƌǀĂƐƚŽƐĞĨĞŝƚŽƐ͘
KƉƌſdžŝŵŽƉĂƐƐŽĞŵĚŝƌĞĕĆŽădĞŽƌŝĂĚŽĂŽƐĨŽŝĚĂĚŽŶŽƐĂŶŽƐϭϵϳϬ͕ƋƵĂŶĚŽ
zŽƌŬĞĞƐĞƵĂŵŝŐŽ͕ŽďŝſůŽŐŽZŽďĞƌƚDĂLJ͕ĐŽŵĞĕĂƌĂŵĂĞdžĂŵŝŶĂƌĂƐƉƌŽƉƌŝĞĚĂĚĞƐĚĂ
ĂƐƐŝŵĐŚĂŵĂĚĂ͞ĞƋƵĂĕĆŽůŽŐşƐƟĐĂ͟ƋƵĞ͕ĞŶƚƌĞŽƵƚƌĂƐĐŽŝƐĂƐ͕ĨŽƌŶĞĐĞƵŵŵŽĚĞůŽƐŝŵƉůĞƐ
para o crescimento da população. Essa equação funciona de maneira em que os resultados vão sempre alimentando a equação de modo a se obterem novos resultados. O
ŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƐĂŶƚĞĠƋƵĞ͕ĚĞƉĞŶĚĞŶĚŽĚĞĐŽŵŽƵƟůŝnjĂŵŽƐĐĞƌƚŽĨĂƚŽƌ͕ŽƐƌĞƐƵůƚĂĚŽƐƉŽĚĞŵƐĞ
ƚŽƌŶĂƌĂůƚĂŵĞŶƚĞƉƌĞǀŝƐşǀĞŝƐŽƵĂůƚĂŵĞŶƚĞĐĂſƟĐŽƐ͘
WĂƌĂ>ŽƌĞŶnj;ϭϵϵϲ͕Ɖ͘ϭϴ͕ŐƌŝĨŽĚŽĂƵƚŽƌͿ͗͞ĂƉƌŽƉƌŝĂĚŽĐŚĂŵĂƌƵŵƐŝƐƚĞŵĂİƐŝĐŽ
ƌĞĂůĚĞĐĂſƟĐŽƋƵĂŶĚŽƐĞĞůŝŵŝŶĂĚĞƐƵĂƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĕĆŽĞŵƵŵŵŽĚĞůŽ͕ĞƐƐĂĂůĞĂƚŽƌŝĞĚĂĚĞŝŶĞƌĞŶƚĞĂƋƵĂůƋƵĞƌĨĞŶƀŵĞŶŽͲĞŶĆŽĂƋƵĞůĞĞƐƉĞĐŝĮĐĂŵĞŶƚĞͲĞ͕ĂŝŶĚĂĂƐƐŝŵ͕Ž
sistema pareça agir aleatoriamente”.
3 Geometria Fractal
ŝƌƌĞŐƵůĂƌŝĚĂĚĞĠ͕ƉĂƌĂĚŽdžĂůŵĞŶƚĞ͕ƌĞŐƵůĂƌ͘ƐƐĂĠƵŵĂĚĂƐƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂŝƐĐĂƌĂĐƚĞUniverso Acadêmico, Taquara, v. 5, n. 1, jan./dez. 2012. | 223
ƌşƐƟĐĂƐĚŽƐ&ƌĂĐƚĂŝƐ͗ĂĂƵƚŽƐƐĞŵĞůŚĂŶĕĂ͘sġͲƐĞŝƐƐŽƐĞŵƉƌĞƋƵĞƐĞĐŽƌƚĂƵŵƉĞĚĂĕŽĚĞ
ďƌſĐŽůŝƐĞƐĞƉĞƌĐĞďĞƋƵĞĞƐƐĞƉĞĚĂĕŽĠƐĞŵĞůŚĂŶƚĞăǀĞƌĚƵƌĂŝŶƚĞŝƌĂ͘sĞũĂŵͲƐĞŽƵƚƌŽƐ
Fractais e note-se a autossemelhança.
EŽƐĞdžĞŵƉůŽƐĚĞĨƌĂĐƚĂŝƐ͕ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĚŽƐŶĂ&ŝŐƵƌĂϮ͕ŽƌĞƚąŶŐƵůŽďƌĂŶĐŽƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂ
a ampliação apresentada na imagem posterior.
a
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e
f
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h
i
ũ
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l
&ŝŐƵƌĂϮʹdžĞŵƉůŽƐĚĞ&ƌĂĐƚĂŝƐ
&ŽŶƚĞ͗dĞŽƌŝĂĚŽĂŽƐ;ϮϬϭϭͿ
'ĞŽŵĞƚƌŝĂ&ƌĂĐƚĂůĠĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂĚĂĂŐĞŽŵĞƚƌŝĂĚĂdĞŽƌŝĂĚŽĂŽƐ͘ĞŶŽŝƚDĂŶĚĞůďƌŽƚ;'ůĞŝĐŬ͕ϭϵϵϬͿ͕ŽĐƌŝĂĚŽƌĚĂdĞŽƌŝĂĚŽƐ&ƌĂĐƚĂŝƐ͕ŝŶƐŝƐƚĞĞŵŽƐƚƌĂƋƵĞĠĂ'ĞŽŵĞƚƌŝĂ&ƌĂĐƚĂů͕ĞŶĆŽĂŐĞŽŵĞƚƌŝĂĐůĄƐƐŝĐĂĞƵĐůŝĚŝĂŶĂ͕ĂƋƵĞƌĞĂůŵĞŶƚĞƌĞŇĞƚĞĂŐĞŽŵĞƚƌŝĂ
ĚŽƐŽďũĞƚŽƐĚŽŵƵŶĚŽƌĞĂů͘
ƉĂůĂǀƌĂĨƌĂĐƚĂůǀĞŵĚŽůĂƟŵĨƌĂĐƚƵƐ͕ƋƵĞƋƵĞƌĚŝnjĞƌĨƌĂŐŵĞŶƚĂĚŽ͕ĨƌĂĐŝŽŶĂĚŽ͘
ĂŝĚĞŝĂĚĞƋƵĞĂƉĂƌƚĞĞƐƚĄŶŽƚŽĚŽĞŽƚŽĚŽĞƐƚĄŶĂƉĂƌƚĞ͘&ƌĂĐƚĂŝƐƐĆŽŽďũĞƚŽƐĞĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂƐĚĞĚŝŵĞŶƐĆŽĞƐƉĂĐŝĂůĨƌĂĐŝŽŶĄƌŝĂ͕ĐŽŵĂƉƌŽƉƌŝĞĚĂĚĞĚĞĂƵƚŽƐƐŝŵŝůĂƌŝĚĂĚĞ͘
224 | Faculdades Integradas de Taquara - Faccat
ŽŶĨŽƌŵĞŽƌƌġĂ;ϮϬϬϳͿ͕ĞƐƐĂŐĞŽŵĞƚƌŝĂ͕ŶĂĚĂĐŽŶǀĞŶĐŝŽŶĂů͕ƚĞŵƌĂşnjĞƐƌĞŵŽŶƚĂŶĚŽĂŽƐĠĐƵůŽy/yĞĂůŐƵŵĂƐŝŶĚŝĐĂĕƁĞƐŶĞƐƐĞƐĞŶƟĚŽǀġŵĚĞŵƵŝƚŽĂŶƚĞƐ͕ŶĂ'ƌĠĐŝĂ
,ŽŵĠƌŝĐĂ͕1ŶĚŝĂ͕ŚŝŶĂ͕ĞŶƚƌĞŽƵƚƌŽƐ͘WŽƌĠŵ͕ƐŽŵĞŶƚĞŚĄƉŽƵĐŽƐĂŶŽƐǀĞŵƐĞĐŽŶƐŽůŝdando com o desenvolvimento dos computadores e com o auxílio de novas teorias nas
ĄƌĞĂƐĚĂ&şƐŝĐĂ͕ĚĂŝŽůŽŐŝĂ͕ĚĂƐƚƌŽŶŽŵŝĂĞĚĂDĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂ͘
ŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐĚĞĮŶŝĕƁĞƐĚĞ&ƌĂĐƚĂŝƐƐƵƌŐŝƌĂŵĐŽŵŽĂƉƌŝŵŽƌĂŵĞŶƚŽĚĞƐƵĂƚĞŽƌŝĂ͘
hŵĂĚĞĮŶŝĕĆŽŵĂŝƐƐŝŵƉůĞƐĠĞƐƚĂ͗&ƌĂĐƚĂŝƐƐĆŽŽďũĞƚŽƐŐĞƌĂĚŽƐƉĞůĂƌĞƉĞƟĕĆŽĚĞƵŵ
ŵĞƐŵŽƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽƌĞĐƵƌƐŝǀŽ͕ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂŶĚŽĂƵƚŽƐƐĞŵĞůŚĂŶĕĂĞĐŽŵƉůĞdžŝĚĂĚĞŝŶĮŶŝƚĂ͘
ŝŵĂŐĞŵĚĂƵƌǀĂĚĞ<ŽĐŚĠƵŵĞdžĞŵƉůŽŐĞŽŵĠƚƌŝĐŽĚĂĐŽŶƐƚƌƵĕĆŽĚĞƵŵĨƌĂĐƚĂů͘hŵŵĞƐŵŽƉƌŽĐĞĚŝŵĞŶƚŽĠĂƉůŝĐĂĚŽĚŝǀĞƌƐĂƐǀĞnjĞƐƐŽďƌĞƵŵŽďũĞƚŽƐŝŵƉůĞƐ͕ŐĞƌĂŶĚŽƵŵĂŝŵĂŐĞŵĐŽŵƉůĞdžĂ͘ĂĚĂƉĞĚĂĕŽĚĂůŝŶŚĂĨŽŝĚŝǀŝĚŝĚŽĞŵϰƉĞĚĂĕŽƐŵĞŶŽƌĞƐ
ŝĚġŶƟĐŽƐ ĂŽ ƉĞĚĂĕŽ ŽƌŝŐŝŶĂů͕ ĐĂĚĂ Ƶŵ ƐĞŶĚŽ ϯ ǀĞnjĞƐ ŵĞŶŽƌ ƋƵĞ Ž ƚĂŵĂŶŚŽ ŽƌŝŐŝŶĂů͘
ƐƐŝŵ͕ƵƐĂŶĚŽƵŵŶŽǀŽĐŽŶĐĞŝƚŽĚĞĚŝŵĞŶƐĆŽ͕ŽƐŵĂƚĞŵĄƟĐŽƐĐĂůĐƵůĂƌĂŵĂĚŝŵĞŶƐĆŽ
ĨƌĂĐƚĂůĚĞƐƐĞŽďũĞƚŽĐŽŵŽƐĞŶĚŽ͗
EĂĮŐƵƌĂϯ͕ĞƐƚĄƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĂƵƌǀĂĚĞ<ŽĐŚ͘
&ŝŐƵƌĂϯʹ&ƌĂĐƚĂů͞ĐƵƌǀĂĚĞ<ŽĐŚ͟
&ŽŶƚĞ͗:ĂŶĞůĂƐ͘͘͘;ϮϬϭϭͿ
ŽŶĨŽƌŵĞĂƌďŽƐĂ;ϮϬϬϱͿ͕ĂƐƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂŝƐĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƟĐĂƐĚŽƐ&ƌĂĐƚĂŝƐƐĆŽ͗ĞdžƚĞŶƐĆŽ
ŝŶĮŶŝƚĂĚŽƐůŝŵŝƚĞƐ͖ƉĞƌŵĞĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞĚŽƐůŝŵŝƚĞƐĞĂƵƚŽƐƐŝŵŝůĂƌŝĚĂĚĞĚĂƐĨŽƌŵĂƐĞĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƟĐĂƐ͗
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džƚĞŶƐĆŽŝŶĮŶŝƚĂĚŽƐůŝŵŝƚĞƐ&ƌĂĐƚĂŝƐ͗ depende da unidade padrão de medida.
ĞǀŝĚŽăŝƌƌĞŐƵůĂƌŝĚĂĚĞĚŽƐůŝŵŝƚĞƐ͕ƋƵĂŶƚŽŵĂŝƐƐĞƌĞĚƵnjŽƚĂŵĂŶŚŽĚĂƵŶŝĚĂĚĞĚĞŵĞĚŝĚĂ͕ŵĂŝŽƌƐĞƌĄĂĞdžƚĞŶƐĆŽĚĂĐŽŝƐĂŵĞĚŝĚĂ͘ĞdžƚĞŶƐĆŽĚĞƵŵ&ƌĂĐƚĂůƚĞŶĚĞĂŽŝŶĮŶŝƚŽ
quando a unidade padrão de medida tende a zero.
WĞƌŵĞĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞĚŽƐůŝŵŝƚĞƐ&ƌĂĐƚĂŝƐ͗ŽƐůŝŵŝƚĞƐĚŽƐ&ƌĂĐƚĂŝƐŶĆŽƐĆŽƌşŐŝĚŽƐ͕ƐĆŽ
ƉĞƌŵĞĄǀĞŝƐ͘ƉĞƌŵĞĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞĚŽƐůŝŵŝƚĞƐƉĞƌŵŝƚĞŽŝŶƚĞƌĐąŵďŝŽĚĞĚĂĚŽƐƉĂƌĂĂŐĞƌĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ ŝŶĨŽƌŵĂĕĆŽ Ğ ĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽ͕ ŝŶƚĞƌĐąŵďŝŽ ĚĞ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ Ğ ĚĞ ŵĂƚĠƌŝĂ ŶŽ ŵĞŝŽ
ĂŵďŝĞŶƚĞ͕ĚĞƐĚĞĂŵĞŶŽƌĞƐĐĂůĂʹĂĚŽŝŶĚŝǀşĚƵŽĚĞŶƚƌŽĚĂŽƌŐĂŶŝnjĂĕĆŽʹĂƚĠĂƐĞƐĐĂůĂƐ
ŵĂŝŽƌĞƐ͘ƐƚĞĐŶŽůŽŐŝĂƐĚĞŚŽũĞŶĆŽƉĞƌĐŽƌƌĞŵĐĂŵŝŶŚŽƐƉĂƌĂůĞůŽƐĞĚŝƐƟŶƚŽƐ͘ůĂƐƐĞ
ĐƌƵnjĂŵĂƚŽĚĂŚŽƌĂ͕ŽƋƵĞĚĞŶŽŵŝŶĂŵŽƐŝŶƚĞƌĐŽŶĞdžƁĞƐ͘
ƵƚŽƐƐŝŵŝůĂƌŝĚĂĚĞĚŽƐ&ƌĂĐƚĂŝƐ͗ƐĞŵĞůŚĂŶĕĂŶĂƐĨŽƌŵĂƐĞĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƟĐĂƐ͘ŽƐĞ
ĚŝǀŝĚŝƌŽƚŽĚŽĞŵƉĂƌƚĞƐŝƚĞƌĂƟǀĂŵĞŶƚĞ͕ĂƐƉĂƌƚĞƐ͕ƉŽƌŵĞŶŽƌĞƐƋƵĞƐĞũĂŵ͕ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂŵ
ĨŽƌŵĂƐĞĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƟĐĂƐƐĞŵĞůŚĂŶƚĞƐĂŽƚŽĚŽ͘ƉĂƌƚĞƌĞŇĞƚĞĂĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂĚŽƚŽĚŽ͘ŝnjͲƐĞ͕
ĞŶƚĆŽ͕ƋƵĞŽƚŽĚŽĞƐƚĄŶĂƉĂƌƚĞĞƋƵĞĂƉĂƌƚĞĞƐƚĄŶŽƚŽĚŽ͘ĂƵƚŽƐƐŝŵŝůĂƌŝĚĂĚĞƉƌŽƉŽƌĐŝŽŶĂƵŵƐĞŶƟĚŽĚĞŽƌĚĞŵĂĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂƐĂƉĂƌĞŶƚĞŵĞŶƚĞŝƌƌĞŐƵůĂƌĞƐ͘
ŽŵĂŝĚĞŝĂĚĞĨƌĂĐƚĂů͕ĚĞŝdžĂŵŽƐĚĞǀĞƌĂƐĐŽŝƐĂƐƐŽŵĞŶƚĞƋƵĂŶƟƚĂƟǀĂŵĞŶƚĞĞ
ƉĂƐƐĂŵŽƐĂǀġͲůĂƐƚĂŵďĠŵĐŽŵƵŵŽůŚĂƌƋƵĂůŝƚĂƟǀŽ͘
'ĞŽŵĞƚƌŝĂ&ƌĂĐƚĂůĞƐƚĄŝŶƟŵĂŵĞŶƚĞůŝŐĂĚĂădĞŽƌŝĂĚŽĂŽƐ͘^ĆŽĂƐĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂƐ
ƋƵĞďƌĂĚĂƐ͕ĐŽŵƉůĞdžĂƐ͕ĞƐƚƌĂŶŚĂƐĞďĞůĂƐĚĞƐƐĂŐĞŽŵĞƚƌŝĂƋƵĞĐŽŶĨĞƌĞŵƵŵĂĐĞƌƚĂŽƌĚĞŵĂŽĂŽƐ͕ĞĞƐƚĂĠ͕ŵƵŝƚĂƐǀĞnjĞƐ͕ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝnjĂĚĂĐŽŵŽƐĞŶĚŽĂůŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŵĚŽĂŽƐ͘
EĂƐƉĂůĂǀƌĂƐĚĞ>ŽƌĞŶnj;ϭϵϵϲ͕Ɖ͘ϮϭϮͲϮϭϯͿ͕͞ĂůŐƵŶƐ&ƌĂĐƚĂŝƐĐŚĞŐĂŵĂƋƵĂƐĞƐĞƌ
ĐůĂƐƐŝĮĐĂĚŽƐĐŽŵŽĂŽƐƉŽƌƐĞƌĞŵƉƌŽĚƵnjŝĚŽƐŵĞĚŝĂŶƚĞƌĞŐƌĂƐĚĞƐĐŽŵƉůŝĐĂĚĂƐ͕ĞŵďŽƌĂƉĂƌĞĐĞŶĚŽĂůƚĂŵĞŶƚĞĐŽŵƉůĞdžĂƐ͕ĞŶĆŽĂƉĞŶĂƐƉŽƌĂƉĂƌĞŶƚĂƌĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂƐŶĆŽͲĐŽŶǀĞŶcionais”.
ĐŝġŶĐŝĂĚŽƐ&ƌĂĐƚĂŝƐĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂƐŐĞŽŵĠƚƌŝĐĂƐĚĞďĞůĞnjĂŝŶĮŶŝƚĂĞŐƌĂŶĚĞĐŽŵƉůĞdžŝĚĂĚĞ͕ƋƵĞĞƐƚĆŽůŝŐĂĚĂƐĂŽĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝŵĞŶƚŽĚĂǀŝĚĂ͕ăƐĨŽƌŵĂƐĚĂŶĂƚƵƌĞnjĂ
e a própria compreensão do universo. Trata-se de uma geometria nada convencional.
Essa geometria busca padrões organizados de comportamento dentro de um sistema aparentemente aleatório.
A geometria fractal e o Caos teriam permanecido como meras curiosidades não
ĨŽƐƐĞĂĚĞƐĐŽďĞƌƚĂĚŽİƐŝĐŽDŝƚĐŚĞůů&ĞŝŐĞŶďĂƵŵ͕ŶŽƐŵĞĂĚŽƐĚĂĚĠĐĂĚĂĚĞϭϵϳϬ͕ĚĞ
ƋƵĞŵƵŝƚŽƐƐŝƐƚĞŵĂƐŶĆŽͲůŝŶĞĂƌĞƐ͕ĂƉĂƌĞŶƚĞŵĞŶƚĞŶĆŽƌĞůĂĐŝŽŶĂĚŽƐ͕ĐŽŵƉŽƌƚĂŵͲƐĞĚĞ
ŵŽĚŽƐ ĐůĂƌĂŵĞŶƚĞ ƐĞŵĞůŚĂŶƚĞƐ͘ /ƐƐŽ ƐƵŐĞƌĞ ƋƵĞ ĚĞǀĞƌŝĂ ĞdžŝƐƟƌ ƵŵĂ ƚĞŽƌŝĂ ƵŶŝĮĐĂĚĂ
ƉĂƌĂĞdžƉůŝĐĂƌŽĐŽŵƉŽƌƚĂŵĞŶƚŽĐĂſƟĐŽĚŽƐƐŝƐƚĞŵĂƐĞĞƋƵĂĕƁĞƐĞŵƵŵĂĨĂŝdžĂĂŵƉůĂĚĞ
ƐĞƚŽƌĞƐ͘ĨŽŝŶĞƐƐĞŵŽŵĞŶƚŽƋƵĞŽƐĐŝĞŶƟƐƚĂƐƌĞĂůŵĞŶƚĞĐŽŵĞĕĂƌĂŵĂƉƌĞƐƚĂƌĂƚĞŶĕĆŽ
nas situações de Caos.
dĞŽƌŝĂĚŽĂŽƐĠĂůŐŽƌĞĐĞŶƚĞĞĂŝŶĚĂĞƐƚĄƐĞŶĚŽůĂƉŝĚĂĚĂĞŶŽǀĂƐĂƉůŝĐĂĕƁĞƐ
ĞƐƚĆŽƐĞŶĚŽĚĞƐĐŽďĞƌƚĂƐŽƵŝŶǀĞŶƚĂĚĂƐ͕ĂƌƟŐŽƐĐŽŶƟŶƵĂŵĂƐĞƌƉƵďůŝĐĂĚŽƐ͕ĚƷǀŝĚĂƐĞ
ĚĞŵŽŶƐƚƌĂĕƁĞƐĂůƚĞƌŶĂŵͲƐĞƌĂƉŝĚĂŵĞŶƚĞ͘ƉĞƐĂƌĚŝƐƐŽ͕ĂdĞŽƌŝĂĚŽĂŽƐůĂŶĕŽƵĂůŐƵŵĂ
ůƵnj ŶŽ ĐŽŵƉŽƌƚĂŵĞŶƚŽ ĚŽƐ ƐŝƐƚĞŵĂƐ ƋƵŝŶƚĞƐƐĞŶĐŝĂŝƐ ĚĞ ůşƋƵŝĚŽƐ ŇƵŝŶĚŽ͕ ŽƐ ƋƵĂŝƐ ƐĆŽ
propícios a sofrer mudanças rápidas de um comportamento estável para um comporƚĂŵĞŶƚŽĂƉĂƌĞŶƚĞŵĞŶƚĞĐĂſƟĐŽ͕ŶŽŵŽĚŽĐŽŵŽĂĄŐƵĂƉĂƐƐĂĚĞůşƋƵŝĚŽĮdžŽĂůşƋƵŝĚŽ
ĞŵĞďƵůŝĕĆŽ͕ăŵĞĚŝĚĂƋƵĞĂƚĞŵƉĞƌĂƚƵƌĂĠůŝŐĞŝƌĂŵĞŶƚĞĂƵŵĞŶƚĂĚĂ͘ϵϵ͕ϱΣ͕ĂĄŐƵĂ
226 | Faculdades Integradas de Taquara - Faccat
ĠĂƉĞŶĂƐĄŐƵĂƋƵĞŶƚĞ͖ĂϭϬϬ͕ϱΣ͕ĞůĂƉĂƐƐĂĂŵƵĚĂƌĚĞĞƐƚĂĚŽ͕ƚŽƌŶĂŶĚŽͲƐĞŐĂƐŽƐĂ͘
ŽŵŽƐĂůŝĞŶƚĂ'ůĞŝĐŬ;ϭϵϵϬͿ͕ŵĞĚŝƌĂĚŝŵĞŶƐĆŽĨƌĂĐƚĂůĚĞƵŵĂƐƵƉĞƌİĐŝĞŵĞƚĄůŝĐĂ
ƉŽĚĞŶŽƐĨŽƌŶĞĐĞƌƵŵĂŝŶĨŽƌŵĂĕĆŽĂƌĞƐƉĞŝƚŽĚĞƐƵĂƌĞƐŝƐƚġŶĐŝĂ͘ƐƵƉĞƌİĐŝĞĚĂƚĞƌƌĂ
ƚĞŵƵŵĂĚŝŵĞŶƐĆŽĨƌĂĐƚĂů͕ĚĂŵĞƐŵĂĨŽƌŵĂƋƵĞŽƐǀĂƐŽƐƐĂŶŐƵşŶĞŽƐĞŵŶŽƐƐŽĐŽƌƉŽ͘
ƚĠŽĐĠƌĞďƌŽŚƵŵĂŶŽĞƐƵĂĐŽŶƐĐŝġŶĐŝĂƉŽĚĞŵƚĞƌĨŽƌŵĂƐ&ƌĂĐƚĂŝƐ͘
'ĞŽŵĞƚƌŝĂ&ƌĂĐƚĂůƚĞŵƐŝĚŽĂĚŽƚĂĚĂĞŵĂůŐƵŵĂƐĞŵƉƌĞƐĂƐ͕ƚĂŝƐĐŽŵŽ'ĞŶĞƌĂů
ůĞĐƚƌŝĐ͕ƐƐŽ͕ƐƚƷĚŝŽƐĚĞ,ŽůůLJǁŽŽĚ͕ĞƚĂŵďĠŵĞŵǀĄƌŝŽƐƐĞƚŽƌĞƐ͕ĐŽŵŽŶĂĐŽŶŽŵŝĂ͕
ŶĂDĞĚŝĐŝŶĂ͕ƉĂƌĂ͕ƉŽƌĞdžĞŵƉůŽ͕ƌĞĂůŝnjĂƌĂĂŶĄůŝƐĞĚĞŝŶƐƚĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞƐƉĂƌĂŵĠƚƌŝĐĂƐĚĞĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂƐ͕ĞŶƚƌĞŽƵƚƌŽƐ͘
ϰDĞƚŽĚŽůŽŐŝĂ
^ĞŐƵŶĚŽŽƐWEƐ;Z^/>͕ϮϬϬϬ͖ϮϬϬϮͿ͕ŽĞƐƚƵĚŽĚĂ'ĞŽŵĞƚƌŝĂĠƵŵĚŽƐŽďũĞƟǀŽƐƉĂƌĂĂDĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂ͘ƐŚĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞƐĞĐŽŵƉĞƚġŶĐŝĂƐƉĂƐƐĂŵĂƚĞƌŶŽǀŽĞŶĨŽƋƵĞ͕ƵŵĂ
ŶŽǀĂĂďŽƌĚĂŐĞŵ͕ǀĂůŽƌŝnjĂŶĚŽĂŝŶƚĞŐƌĂĕĆŽĚĂƐĚŝƐĐŝƉůŝŶĂƐ͘
ƐĂƟǀŝĚĂĚĞƐĐŽŵĐŽƌƚĞƐĞĚŽďƌĂĚƵƌĂƐƐĆŽŵƵŝƚŽĞŶƌŝƋƵĞĐĞĚŽƌĂƐŶŽƋƵĞƐĞƌĞĨĞƌĞăƐŝŶƷŵĞƌĂƐƉŽƐƐŝďŝůŝĚĂĚĞƐƋƵĞĞůĂƐŽĨĞƌĞĐĞŵŶŽƐĚŝǀĞƌƐŽƐƌĂŵŽƐĚĂŵĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂ͘
ůĠŵĚĞƚŽĚĂĂĞdžƉůŽƌĂĕĆŽŐĞŽŵĠƚƌŝĐĂƋƵĞĠƉŽƐƐşǀĞůĨĂnjĞƌ͕ŶŽĕƁĞƐĚĞƉƌŽƉŽƌĐŝŽŶĂůŝĚĂĚĞ͕ĨƌĂĕƁĞƐ͕ĨƵŶĕƁĞƐĞĄůŐĞďƌĂƐĆŽĨŽƌƚĞŵĞŶƚĞĞǀŝĚĞŶĐŝĂĚĂƐŶĞƐƐĂƉƌĄƟĐĂ͘
WŽƌƚƵĚŽŝƐƐŽ͕ĂƉſƐƵŵĞƐƚƵĚŽƌĞĂůŝnjĂĚŽĂĐĞƌĐĂĚŽƋƵĞĐŽŶƐŝƐƚĞĂ'ĞŽŵĞƚƌŝĂ&ƌĂĐƚĂů͕ĨĞnjͲƐĞĂĐŽŶƐƚƌƵĕĆŽĚĂĂƟǀŝĚĂĚĞĚĞƐĐƌŝƚĂĂƐĞŐƵŝƌĞŝŶƟƚƵůĂĚĂConstruindo Cartões
Fractais Tridimensionais͕ƐĞŐƵŶĚŽŽƋƵĞĨŽŝƐƵŐĞƌŝĚŽƉŽƌůŵĞŝĚĂet al͘;ϮϬϭϭͿ͘WĂƌĂŽƐ
ĂƵƚŽƌĞƐ͕ƚƌĂƚĂͲƐĞĚĞƵŵĂƉƌŽƉŽƐƚĂĚĞĂƟǀŝĚĂĚĞƋƵĞƉĞƌŵŝƚĞŝŶƚƌŽĚƵnjŝƌĂ'ĞŽŵĞƚƌŝĂĚŽƐ
&ƌĂĐƚĂŝƐŵĞŝŽĚĂĐŽŶƐƚƌƵĕĆŽĚĞĐĂƌƚƁĞƐ&ƌĂĐƚĂŝƐĞŵƚƌġƐĚŝŵĞŶƐƁĞƐ͕ĞdžƉůŽƌĂŶĚŽĂƐĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƟĐĂƐƋƵĞĚĞĮŶĞŵĞƐƐĞĐŽŶũƵŶƚŽĞĂŐĞŽŵĞƚƌŝĂĞƵĐůŝĚŝĂŶĂĞŶǀŽůǀŝĚĂŶŽƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽ
de construção.
KƐĐĂƌƚƁĞƐƌĞƐƵůƚĂŵĚĞƵŵĂƐĞƋƵġŶĐŝĂĚĞĐŽƌƚĞƐ;ůŝŶŚĂƐĐŚĞŝĂƐͿĞĚŽďƌĂĚƵƌĂƐ;ůŝŶŚĂƐƉŽŶƟůŚĂĚĂƐͿ͕ƚŽŵĂŶĚŽͲƐĞĐŽŵŽƉŽŶƚŽĚĞƉĂƌƟĚĂĂƉůĂŶŝĮĐĂĕĆŽĚŽĐĂƌƚĆŽĞŐƌĂƵƐ
Centrais;ĮŐƵƌĂϰͿ͘
&ŝŐƵƌĂϰʹĂƌƚĆŽ&ƌĂĐƚĂůĞŐƌĂƵƐĞŶƚƌĂŝƐ
Fonte: Almeida et al͘;ϮϬϭϭͿ
Universo Acadêmico, Taquara, v. 5, n. 1, jan./dez. 2012. | 227
WŽĚĞͲƐĞŽďƐĞƌǀĂƌƋƵĞŽĐĂƌƚĆŽĚĂĮŐƵƌĂϰƉŽƐƐƵŝĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂƐĂƵƚŽƐƐŝŵŝůĂƌĞƐ͘Žŵ
ŽĐĂƌƚĆŽƉƌŽŶƚŽ͕ŽďƐĞƌǀĂͲƐĞƋƵĞĂƐĨŽƌŵĂƐŐĞŽŵĠƚƌŝĐĂƐƌĞƐƵůƚĂŶƚĞƐĚŽƐĐŽƌƚĞƐĞĚŽďƌĂduras são paralelepípedos.
WĞƌĐĞďĞƵͲƐĞ͕ĚƵƌĂŶƚĞĂĐŽŶƐƚƌƵĕĆŽ͕ƋƵĞĂĐĂĚĂŶŽǀŽĐŽƌƚĞĞĚŽďƌĂĚƵƌĂ͕ŽďƟǀĞmos novos paralelepípedos. Se chamarmos de iteração zero a primeira geração do carƚĆŽ͕ƋƵĂŶƚŽƐƉĂƌĂůĞůĞƉşƉĞĚŽƐŶŽǀŽƐƐƵƌŐĞŵĂĐĂĚĂŝƚĞƌĂĕĆŽ͍WŽĚĞͲƐĞĞdžƉůŽƌĂƌĂĐŽŶƐƚƌƵĕĆŽĚŽĐĂƌƚĆŽĐŽŶƐƚƌƵŝŶĚŽĂƚĂďĞůĂϭ͕ŵŽƐƚƌĂĚĂĂďĂŝdžŽ͘
dĂďĞůĂϭ͗/ƚĞƌĂĕĆŽyEƷŵĞƌŽĚĞWĂƌĂůĞůĞƉşƉĞĚŽƐEŽǀŽƐ
Iteração
EƷŵĞƌŽĚĞWĂƌĂůĞůĞƉşƉĞĚŽƐEŽǀŽƐ
Ϭ
ϭ
ϭ
Ϯ
Ϯ
ϰ
ϯ
ϴ
ϰ
ϭϲ
...
...
n
Ϯn
Fonte: Almeida et al͘;ϮϬϭϭͿ
EŽƚŽƵͲƐĞƋƵĞ͕ĂĐĂĚĂŝƚĞƌĂĕĆŽ͕ŽŶƷŵĞƌŽĚĞŶŽǀŽƐƉĂƌĂůĞůĞƉşƉĞĚŽƐĚŽďƌĂ͕ƉŽƌĠŵ͕ Ğŵ ĞƐĐĂůĂ ŵĞŶŽƌ ;ƉĂƌĂůĞůĞƉşƉĞĚŽƐ ŵĞŶŽƌĞƐͿ͘ Žŵ ŝƐƐŽ͕ ƉŽĚĞͲƐĞ ĐŽŶĐůƵŝƌ ƋƵĞ Ž
ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽĚĞĐŽŶƐƚƌƵĕĆŽĚŽƐƉĂƌĂůĞůĞƉşƉĞĚŽƐĞŵĐĂĚĂŝƚĞƌĂĕĆŽĠĚĞƐĐƌŝƚŽƉĞůĂůĞŝĚĞƉŽƚġŶĐŝĂϮn͕ĞŵƋƵĞŶсϬ͕ϭ͕Ϯ͕ϯ͕͕͘͘͘ĠŽŶƷŵĞƌŽĚĞŝƚĞƌĂĕƁĞƐ͘
ƚĂďĞůĂϮ͕ŝŶƐĞƌŝĚĂŶĂƉƌŽdžŝŵĂƉĄŐŝŶĂ͕ŵŽƐƚƌĂŽĐĄůĐƵůŽĚŽƐǀŽůƵŵĞƐĚŽƐƉĂƌĂůĞůĞƉşƉĞĚŽƐŽďƟĚŽƐŶĂƐĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐŝƚĞƌĂĕƁĞƐ͕ĂƐƐŝŵĐŽŵŽŽǀŽůƵŵĞƚŽƚĂů͘EĞƐƐĞĐĂƐŽ͕Ă
ůĞŝĚĞƉŽƚġŶĐŝĂĚŽƐǀŽůƵŵĞƐƉƌŽĚƵnjĞƋƵĂĕƁĞƐĚĞŵĂŝŽƌĐŽŵƉůĞdžŝĚĂĚĞ͘ƐƐĂĂƟǀŝĚĂĚĞĚĞ
ŐĞŶĞƌĂůŝnjĂĕĆŽĚĂůĞŝĚŽƐǀŽůƵŵĞƐƉŽĚĞƐĞƌĞŶĐĂƌĂĚĂĐŽŵŽƵŵŐƌĂŶĚĞĚĞƐĂĮŽƉĂƌĂŽƐ
estudantes.
Žŵ ďĂƐĞ ŶŽƐ ĚĂĚŽƐ ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĚŽƐ ŶĂ ƚĂďĞůĂ Ă ƐĞŐƵŝƌ͕ Ġ ƉŽƐƐşǀĞů ĐŚĞŐĂƌ ă Ĩſƌmula geral que informa o volume total dos paralelepípedos do cartão em uma iteração
ƋƵĂůƋƵĞƌ͘EĂƚĂďĞůĂĂĐŝŵĂ͕ŽďƐĞƌǀĂŵŽƐƋƵĞŽǀŽůƵŵĞƚŽƚĂůĚŽƐſůŝĚŽĞŵƵŵĂŝƚĞƌĂĕĆŽ
ƋƵĂůƋƵĞƌĠĂƐŽŵĂĚŽƐƚĞƌŵŽƐĚĞƵŵĂƉƌŽŐƌĞƐƐĆŽŐĞŽŵĠƚƌŝĐĂ͘
ŵĞĚŝĚĂƋƵĞŽŶƷŵĞƌŽĚĞŝƚĞƌĂĕƁĞƐǀĂŝĂƵŵĞŶƚĂŶĚŽ͕ƐƵƌŐĞŵŶŽǀŽƐƉĂƌĂůĞůĞƉşƉĞĚŽƐ͕ůŽŐŽŽǀŽůƵŵĞƚŽƚĂůĂƵŵĞŶƚĂ͘ŶƚƌĞƚĂŶƚŽ͕ĂǀĂƌŝĂĕĆŽĚĞǀŽůƵŵĞĚĞƵŵĂŝƚĞƌĂĕĆŽ
ƉĂƌĂŽƵƚƌĂĠĐĂĚĂǀĞnjŵĞŶŽƌ͕ƉŽŝƐŽǀŽůƵŵĞĚĞĐĂĚĂŶŽǀŽƉĂƌĂůĞůĞƉşƉĞĚŽĚŝŵŝŶƵŝ͘ƐƐĂ
ŝĚĞŝĂƉŽĚĞƌŝĂƐĞƌƵƟůŝnjĂĚĂƉĂƌĂŝŶƚƌŽĚƵnjŝƌĂŶŽĕĆŽĚĞůŝŵŝƚĞ͘
EŽƚĂͲƐĞƚĂŵďĠŵƋƵĞŽĐĂƌƚĆŽƉŽƐƐƵŝĂƵƚŽƐƐŝŵŝůĂƌŝĚĂĚĞ͕ŽƵƐĞũĂ͕ĞůĞŵĂŶƚĠŵĂ
ŵĞƐŵĂĨŽƌŵĂĞĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂƐŽďƵŵĂƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂĕĆŽĚĞĞƐĐĂůĂĞĐŽŵƉůĞdžŝĚĂĚĞŝŶĮŶŝƚĂ͘^Ğ
ĨŽƐƐĞƉŽƐƐşǀĞůĐŽŶƟŶƵĂƌŝŶĮŶŝƚĂŵĞŶƚĞŽƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽĚĞĐŽƌƚĞĞĚŽďƌĂĚƵƌĂŶŽƉĂƉĞů͕ŶƵŶĐĂ
ŽďƚĞƌşĂŵŽƐŽ͞ĐĂƌƚĆŽĮŶĂů͕͟ƵŵĂǀĞnjƋƵĞĂůĞŝƋƵĞĚĞĮŶĞŽƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽĚĞĐŽŶƐƚƌƵĕĆŽƉŽĚĞƌĄĐŽŶƟŶƵĂƌĂƐĞƌĂƉůŝĐĂĚĂŝŶĮŶŝƚĂŵĞŶƚĞ͘
228 | Faculdades Integradas de Taquara - Faccat
dĂďĞůĂϮ͗sŽůƵŵĞĚŽƐEŽǀŽƐWĂƌĂůĞůĞƉşƉĞĚŽƐĞŵĐĂĚĂ/ƚĞƌĂĕĆŽĞsŽůƵŵĞdŽƚĂůƉĂƌĂŽĂƌƚĆŽ
&ƌĂĐƚĂůĞŐƌĂƵƐĞŶƚƌĂŝƐ͘
Fonte: Almeida et al͘;ϮϬϭϭͿ
4 Discussão dos Resultados
ƵƌĂŶƚĞŽƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽĚĞĐŽŶƐƚƌƵĕĆŽĚŽƐĐĂƌƚƁĞƐ͕ĨŽŝƉŽƐƐşǀĞůĚŝƐĐƵƟƌŽƐƐĞŐƵŝŶƚĞƐ
tópicos:
ͻĂƐĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƟĐĂƐƋƵĞĚĞĮŶĞŵƵŵĐŽŶũƵŶƚŽĨƌĂĐƚĂů͕ĐŽŵŽĂĂƵƚŽƐƐŝŵŝůĂƌŝĚĂĚĞĞ
ĂĐŽŵƉůĞdžŝĚĂĚĞŝŶĮŶŝƚĂ͖
ͻĂŐĞŶĞƌĂůŝnjĂĕĆŽĚĂůĞŝĚĞĐƌĞƐĐŝŵĞŶƚŽĞŶǀŽůǀŝĚĂ͕ƉŽƌŵĞŝŽĚŽŶƷŵĞƌŽĚĞ͞ƉĂƌĂůĞůĞƉşƉĞĚŽƐ͟ĂŽůŽŶŐŽĚĂƐŝƚĞƌĂĕƁĞƐĞĚŽƐǀŽůƵŵĞƐ͖
ͻĂĚĞƐĐƌŝĕĆŽĚĞƵŵĂƐĞƋƵġŶĐŝĂŽƵĚĞƐĠƌŝĞĐŽŶǀĞƌŐĞŶƚĞĂƉĂƌƟƌĚĂůĞŝĚĞĐƌĞƐĐŝŵĞŶƚŽĚŽĐĂƌƚĆŽ͖
ͻĂŶŽĕĆŽĚĞůŝŵŝƚĞĚĞƵŵĂĨƵŶĕĆŽ͘
Percebeu-se que os alunos compreenderam os conteúdos envolvidos na construĕĆŽĚŽĐĂƌƚĆŽĞƌĞĂůŝnjĂƌĂŵĂĂƟǀŝĚĂĚĞĐŽŵŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƐĞĞĚĞĚŝĐĂĕĆŽ͘
KƵƚƌĂĂďŽƌĚĂŐĞŵƉŽƐƐşǀĞůƐĞƌŝĂĂŝŶǀĞƐƟŐĂĕĆŽĚĂƐůĞŝƐƉƌŽĚƵnjŝĚĂƐƉŽƌŽƵƚƌĂƐƌĞŐƌĂƐĚĞĐŽŶƐƚƌƵĕĆŽĚĞĐĂƌƚƁĞƐĞƉĞůĂĞdžƉůŽƌĂĕĆŽĚĞŽƵƚƌĂƐŐƌĂŶĚĞnjĂƐ͕ĐŽŵŽŽƐĐŽŵƉƌŝmentos dos cortes ou as áreas das faces.
ĐƌĞĚŝƚĂͲƐĞƋƵĞĂĂďŽƌĚĂŐĞŵƉƌŽƉŽƐƚĂĂƉƌŽdžŝŵŽƵŽƐĐŽŶĐĞŝƚŽƐŵĂƚĞŵĄƟĐŽƐĚĂ
ƌĞĂůŝĚĂĚĞ ĚŽ ĂƉƌĞŶĚŝnj͕ ĨĂnjĞŶĚŽͲŽ ƌĞŇĞƟƌ Ğ ĐƌŝĂƌ ŶŽǀĂƐ ƌĞůĂĕƁĞƐ ĐŽŵ Ă ŵĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂ͕ Ă
Universo Acadêmico, Taquara, v. 5, n. 1, jan./dez. 2012. | 229
ƉĂƌƟƌĚŽũŽŐŽĚĂĐŽŶƐƚƌƵĕĆŽĚŽƐĐĂƌƚƁĞƐ&ƌĂĐƚĂŝƐ͘DĞƐŵŽĐŽŶĐĞŝƚŽƐŵƵŝƚŽĚŝƐƚĂŶƚĞƐĚĂ
ƌĞĂůŝĚĂĚĞ͕ĐŽŵŽĂƐƐĠƌŝĞƐĞůŝŵŝƚĞƐ͕ƚŽƌŶĂƌĂŵͲƐĞĐŽŶĐƌĞƚŽƐĚƵƌĂŶƚĞĞƐƐĂĞdžƉůŽƌĂĕĆŽ͘
5 Conclusão
O conhecimento de novas maneiras de ensinar e de aprender leva o educador a
ƚƌĂŶƐƉŽƌĂƐďĂƌƌĞŝƌĂƐĚĂĞĚƵĐĂĕĆŽƚƌĂĚŝĐŝŽŶĂů͕ĂŝŶĚĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĞĞŵŵƵŝƚĂƐĞƐĐŽůĂƐ͘ŽŶƐƚƌƵŝƌƵŵĐŽŶũƵŶƚŽĚĞŶŽǀŽƐĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽƐĞdžŝŐĞƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂĚŽĚŽĐĞŶƚĞ͕ĂůĠŵĚĞĂĐĞŝƚĂĕĆŽĞĂĚĂƉƚĂĕĆŽĚŽƐĂůƵŶŽƐ͘ƌĞůĂĕĆŽĞŶƚƌĞƵŵƚĞŵĂŐĞƌĂĚŽƌ͕ƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĞŶĂƐŽĐŝĞĚĂĚĞ͕
ĐŽŵĐŽŶƚĞƷĚŽƐũĄĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂĚŽƐĨŽƌŵĂůŵĞŶƚĞ͕ƉŽĚĞĂŐƌĞŐĂƌĂƐƉĞĐƚŽƐƉŽƐŝƟǀŽƐŶĂƌĞĚĞ
ĚĞƌĞͲƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂĕĆŽĚŽƐĂůƵŶŽƐ͘^ĞŐƵŶĚŽŝĐƵĚŽ;ϭϵϵϳ͕Ɖ͘ϱϮͿ͗
KƐĞƌƉƌŽĨĞƐƐŽƌƚƌĂnj͕ƉŽƌƚĂŶƚŽ͕ĞŵƐĞƵďŽũŽ͕ƚĂŶƚŽĂƉƌĞŽĐƵƉĂĕĆŽƉĂƌĂĐŽŵŽ
modo de ser e de conhecer do aluno como para com o do ser e do conhecer do
ĐŽƌƉŽĚĞĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽƐŚƵŵĂŶŽ͕ŽďũĞƚŽĚŽƐĞƵĞŶƐŝŶŽ͘ƉƌĞĐŝƐŽ͕ĂƐƐŝŵƋƵĞŽ
ƉƌŽĨĞƐƐŽƌƚĞŶŚĂĐůĂƌŽƉĂƌĂƐŝŽƋƵĞĞƐƐĂĄƌĞĂĚŝnjĚŽŵƵŶĚŽ͕ŽƋƵĞƌĞǀĞůĂƐŽďƌĞ
ĞůĞ͕ĐŽŵŽĞdžƉůŝĐĂŽƋƵĞƌĞǀĞůĂ͕ĐŽŵŽƐĆŽŐĞƌĂĚŽƐƐĞƵƐĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽƐ͕ĐŽŵŽ
os membros são perpetuados na tradição cultural da humanidade e são transŵŝƟĚŽƐĞŵƵŵĂĐĂĚĞŝĂƐĞŵĮŵĚĞĐŽŶƚĂƚŽƐŚƵŵĂŶŽƐŶĂƋƵĂůƐĞŵƉƌĞĞdžŝƐƚĞŵ
ĐĞŶƚĞůŚĂƐĚĞƉĞŶƐĂŵĞŶƚŽĐƌŝĂƟǀŽĞĚĞĂďĞƌƚƵƌĂƉĂƌĂŽŽƌŝŐŝŶĂů͘
Acredita-se que as competências e habilidades adquiridas e desenvolvidas pelos
ĂůƵŶŽƐƐĆŽǀĞƌĚĂĚĞŝƌĂŵĞŶƚĞĐŽŶĐƌĞƟnjĂĚĂƐƋƵĂŶĚŽĂůŐƵŵĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽƉĞƌƚĞŶĐĞŶƚĞăƐƵĂ
ƌĞĂůŝĚĂĚĞ;ƐŽĐŝĂů͕ĐƵůƚƵƌĂů͕ĞĐŽŶƀŵŝĐĂͿ͕ĐŽŶŚĞĐŝĚŽŽƵŶĆŽ͕ĠĂĚĂƉƚĂĚŽĞĚŝƐĐƵƟĚŽŶŽąŵďŝƚŽĞƐĐŽůĂƌ͘DƵŝƚĂƐǀĞnjĞƐ͕ƚƌĂƚĂͲƐĞĚĞĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐƉĞƌƚĞŶĐĞŶƚĞƐĂŽĐŽƟĚŝĂŶŽĚŽƐĂůƵŶŽƐ͕
ƉŽƌĠŵĚĞƐĐŽŶŚĞĐŝĚŽƐƉŽƌĞůĞƐŵĞƐŵŽƐ͘ǀĂůŝĚĂĕĆŽĚĞƵŵĐŽŶĐĞŝƚŽƉŽĚĞƌĞǀĞůĂƌƵŵ
novo olhar sobre aquilo que antes era desconhecido e isso ocorre no estudo da Teoria
ĚŽĂŽƐ͕ƉƌŽƉŽƐƚĂĚŽƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĞƚƌĂďĂůŚŽ͕ŶŽƋƵĂůƐĞďƵƐĐŽƵƌĞƐŐĂƚĂƌƉĂƌƚĞĚĂŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂ
ĚĞƐƚĂĐŝġŶĐŝĂĐŽŵĂĮŶĂůŝĚĂĚĞĚĞĐŽŶŚĞĐĞƌĞŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƌĐŽŵŵĂŝŽƌũƵşnjŽƐĞƵĐŽŶĐĞŝƚŽ͘
ůĠŵĚŝƐƐŽ͕ƉƌŽĐƵƌŽƵͲƐĞŵŽƐƚƌĂƌĂƉŽƐƐŝďŝůŝĚĂĚĞĚĂĂƉůŝĐĂĕĆŽĚĞĂůŐƵŶƐĚĞƐĞƵƐŵĠƚŽĚŽƐ
ĞĚĞƐƚĂĐĄͲůŽƐĐŽŵŽĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽŵŽƟǀĂĚŽƌŶŽĞŶƐŝŶŽĚĂDĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂ͘
ŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂĚŽƐĐŽŵŽĞŝdžŽƐŶŽƌƚĞĂĚŽƌĞƐ,ŝƐƚſƌŝĂ͕dĞŽƌŝĂĚŽĂŽƐĞDĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂ͕ŽƐ
ƚĞŵĂƐƌĞĨŽƌĕĂƌĂŵĐŽŶũĞĐƚƵƌĂƐĂƚƵĂŝƐŶĂďƵƐĐĂƉŽƌƵŵĂĂƉƌĞŶĚŝnjĂŐĞŵĚĂDĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂ͘
ƐƐĂƐĐŽŶũĞĐƚƵƌĂƐƌĞǀĞůĂŵƋƵĞĂƉƌĞŶĚĞƌDĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂŶŽƐĚŝĂƐĚĞŚŽũĞƌĞƋƵĞƌŚĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞƐĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ͕ĂůĠŵĚĞƐŽŵĞŶƚĞƌĞƐŽůǀĞƌĐĄůĐƵůŽƐ͘džŝŐĞƵŵĂƌĞůĂĕĆŽŵĂŝƐƉƌſdžŝŵĂĐŽŵ
ĂůşŶŐƵĂŵĂƚĞƌŶĂ͕ƐĞũĂŶĂůĞŝƚƵƌĂ͕ŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂĕĆŽĚĞĞŶƵŶĐŝĂĚŽƐĞĐĂƉĂĐŝĚĂĚĞĚĞĂŐƵĕĂƌŽ
ƌĂĐŝŽĐşŶŝŽůſŐŝĐŽ͘ƉŽƐƐşǀĞůĞŶƐŝŶĂƌDĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂ͕ĚĞƐĚĞĂƐƐĠƌŝĞƐŝŶŝĐŝĂŝƐ͕ĂƉĂƌƟƌĚĞƵŵĂ
mediação intrínseca da Língua Materna.
DĂĐŚĂĚŽ;ϭϵϵϯ͕Ɖ͘ϭϬϵͿƌĞǀĞůĂ͗
Uma das questões mais candentes no que concerne ao ensino tanto da MateŵĄƟĐĂĐŽŵŽĚĂ>şŶŐƵĂDĂƚĞƌŶĂĠĂůĞŐŝƟŵŝĚĂĚĞŽƵĂĐŽŶǀĞŶŝġŶĐŝĂĚĂƵƟůŝnjĂĕĆŽĚĞƵŵƐŝƐƚĞŵĂĚĞƐŝŐŶŽƐĚĞƵŵŵŽĚŽƉƌĞĚŽŵŝŶĂŶƚĞŵĞŶƚĞƚĠĐŶŝĐŽ͕ŽƉĞƌĂĐŝŽŶĂů͕ƌĞƐƚƌŝƚŽĂƌĞŐƌĂƐƐŝŶƚĄƟĐĂƐ͕ĞŵĐŽŶƚƌĂƉŽƐŝĕĆŽĂƵŵƵƐŽƋƵĞƉƌŝǀŝůĞŐŝĞŽ
ƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂĚŽĚŽƐĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝĚŽƐ͕ƉŽƌƚĂŶƚŽƐƵĂĚŝŵĞŶƐĆŽƐĞŵąŶƟĐĂ͘
230 | Faculdades Integradas de Taquara - Faccat
O esforço concentrou-se em proporcionar a compreensão do comportamento
ĚŽƐƐŝƐƚĞŵĂƐĚŝƚŽƐĐĂſƟĐŽƐĞƐƵĂůŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŵĨƌĂĐƚĂů͘WŽƌĞƐƐĞŵŽƟǀŽ͕ĨŽƌĂŵƉƌŽƉŽƐƚĂƐ
ĂƟǀŝĚĂĚĞƐĚŝĚĄƟĐĂƐƉĂƌĂŝŶƚƌŽĚƵnjŝƌĂĐŝġŶĐŝĂĚĂdĞŽƌŝĂĚŽĂŽƐŶĂƐĂůĂĚĞĂƵůĂ͘^ŽŵĞŶƚĞ
ĂƐƐƵŐĞƐƚƁĞƐĚĞĂƟǀŝĚĂĚĞƐŶĆŽƐĞƌǀŝƌŝĂŵĚĞĨŽƌŵĂƐƵĮĐŝĞŶƚĞ͘KƐ&ƌĂĐƚĂŝƐ͕ĂŐĞŽŵĞƚƌŝĂ
ĚĂƐĨŽƌŵĂƐŝƌƌĞŐƵůĂƌĞƐĞĚŽƐƐŝƐƚĞŵĂƐĐĂſƟĐŽƐƐĆŽƵŵĂŵĂŶĞŝƌĂĚĞƐĞǀĞƌĞƌĞŇĞƟƌƐŽďƌĞ
ŽƉĂƌĂĚŽdžŽĚĞĐŽŵƉůĞdžŝĚĂĚĞͲƐŝŵƉůŝĐŝĚĂĚĞĚĂŶĂƚƵƌĞnjĂ͘ƌǀŽƌĞƐĞƌŝŽƐ͕ŶƵǀĞŶƐĞĐŽƐƚĂƐ
ƉŽĚĞŵƐĞƌĚĞƐĐƌŝƚŽƐƉĞůĂŐĞŽŵĞƚƌŝĂĨƌĂĐƚĂů͘ŵƵŵŶşǀĞů͕ĂĐŽŵƉůĞdžŝĚĂĚĞĚŽĨƌĂĐƚĂůĠ
ƵŵĂĐƵƌŝŽƐĂŝůƵƐĆŽ͕ƉŽƌƋƵĞ͕ĞŵďŽƌĂŽƐĚĞƚĂůŚĞƐĚĂĮŐƵƌĂƉŽƐƐĂŵƐĞƌŝŶĮŶŝƚŽƐ͕ĞůĂĐƌĞƐceu de modo simples.
ƐĂƟǀŝĚĂĚĞƐƐƵŐĞƌŝĚĂƐƉĂƌĂŽƐĂůƵŶŽƐĨŽƌĂŵƌĞĂůŝnjĂĚĂƐĚĞĨŽƌŵĂƚƌĂŶƋƵŝůĂ͕ĞŽƐ
ƌĞƐƵůƚĂĚŽƐĨŽƌĂŵŵƵŝƚŽƐĂƟƐĨĂƚſƌŝŽƐ͘
ƉſƐŝŶƷŵĞƌĂƐƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂƐƌĞĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐdĞŽƌŝĂĚŽĂŽƐ͕ƉĞƌĐĞďĞͲƐĞƋƵĞŽĐĂŵƉŽĚĞ
ĞƐƚƵĚŽĠǀĂƐƚŽĞĂƉĞŶĂƐĞƐƚĄĐŽŵĞĕĂŶĚŽĂƐĞƌĞdžƉůŽƌĂĚŽĂƋƵŝŶŽƌĂƐŝů͘ŽƉŽƌƚƵŶŝĚĂĚĞ
ĞƐƚĄĞŵǀŝŶĐƵůĂƌĂĚŝƐĐŝƉůŝŶĂĚĞDĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂĂĞƐƐĂĐŝġŶĐŝĂĞƉƌŽƉŽƌĐŝŽŶĂƌŶŽǀŽƐĐĂŵƉŽƐ
de pesquisa.
^ĞŶĚŽĂƐƐŝŵ͕ĂĮŶĂůŝĚĂĚĞĚŽƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĞƚƌĂďĂůŚŽĨŽŝĐŽŶĐĞŶƚƌĂƌĂƚŽŵĂĚĂĚĞĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽĚĂdĞŽƌŝĂĚŽĂŽƐ͕ĂůĠŵĚĞƉƌŽŵŽǀĞƌĂĂƉůŝĐĂĕĆŽƉĂƌĐŝĂůĚĞƐĞƵƐĐŽŶĐĞŝƚŽƐ
ŶĂƐĂƵůĂƐĚĞDĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂĞƉƌŽƉŽƌĐŝŽŶĂƌƵŵĂĨŽƌŵĂĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞĚĞĂƉƌĞŶĚĞƌDĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂ͕
ŵĂŝƐĐŽŶƚĞdžƚƵĂůŝnjĂĚĂ͕ůƷĚŝĐĂ͕ĂƚƵĂůĞƚƌĂŶƐĚŝƐĐŝƉůŝŶĂƌ͘
KĞŶƐŝŶŽƚĞŵƉŽƌŽďũĞƟǀŽƐĞƌƉƌŽǀĞĚŽƌĚĞĂƉƌĞŶĚŝnjĂŐĞŵ͕ĞůĞĚĞǀĞůĂŶĕĂƌͲƐĞă
ďƵƐĐĂĚĂƐǀĞƌĚĂĚĞƐ͕ĚŽƌĞƐŐĂƚĞĚŽƐǀĂůŽƌĞƐ͕ĚŽĞŶƚĞŶĚŝŵĞŶƚŽĚĞƌĞĂůŝĚĂĚĞƐ͘ĞǀĞĚŝƌĞĐŝŽŶĂƌƐĞƵƐŽůŚĂƌĞƐĂŽŵƵŶĚŽĚŽƉŽƐƐşǀĞů͕ƐĞƌĚĞŵŽĐƌĄƟĐŽ͕ĐŽŶĐĞŝƚƵĂůĞŵŽƟǀĂĚŽƌ͘
EĆŽƉŽĚĞƐĞƌĨŽƌŵĂů͕ƐĞƉĂƌĂƌŽŚŽŵĞŵĚŽŵƵŶĚŽĞŵƋƵĞǀŝǀĞ͘ĞĂĐŽƌĚŽĐŽŵDŽƌŝŶ
;ϮϬϬϬ͕Ɖ͘ϭϲͿ͗
ĞǀĞŵŽƐ͕ƉŽŝƐ͕ƉĞŶƐĂƌŽƉƌŽďůĞŵĂĚŽĞŶƐŝŶŽ͕ĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂŶĚŽ͕ƉŽƌƵŵůĂĚŽ͕ŽƐ
ĞĨĞŝƚŽƐĐĂĚĂǀĞnjŵĂŝƐŐƌĂǀĞƐĚĂĐŽŵƉĂƌƟŵĞŶƚĂĕĆŽĚŽƐƐĂďĞƌĞƐĞĚĂŝŶĐĂƉĂĐŝĚĂĚĞĚĞĂƌƟĐƵůĄͲůŽƐ͕ƵŶƐĂŽƐŽƵƚƌŽƐ͖ƉŽƌŽƵƚƌŽůĂĚŽ͕ĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂŶĚŽƋƵĞĂĂƉƟĚĆŽƉĂƌĂĐŽŶƚĞdžƚƵĂůŝnjĂƌĞŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƌĠƵŵĂƋƵĂůŝĚĂĚĞĨƵŶĚĂŵĞŶƚĂůĚĂŵĞŶƚĞ
ŚƵŵĂŶĂ͕ƋƵĞƉƌĞĐŝƐĂƐĞƌĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝĚĂ͕ĞŶĆŽĂƚƌŽĮĂĚĂ͘
ƐƉƌŽƉŽƐƚĂƐĚĞĞƐƚƵĚŽƌĞĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐădĞŽƌŝĂĚŽĂŽƐĚĞǀĞŵƐĞƌƉůĂŶĞũĂĚĂƐƉĞůŽ
ĚŽĐĞŶƚĞ͕ǀĂůŽƌŝnjĂŶĚŽŽĂƐƉĞĐƚŽŚŝƐƚſƌŝĐŽ͘ŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƐĂŶƚĞƋƵĞƐĞƌĞĨŽƌĐĞŵŽƐĐŽŶƚĞƷĚŽƐ
ŵĂƚĞŵĄƟĐŽƐ͕ƉŽŝƐŽƐĂůƵŶŽƐƉŽĚĞŵĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƌĚŝĮĐƵůĚĂĚĞŶĂĂƉůŝĐĂĕĆŽ͖ĂĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƟĐĂ
ĚĞĐĂĚĂĂƟǀŝĚĂĚĞƉŽĚĞǀĂƌŝĂƌĚĞĐůĂƐƐĞƉĂƌĂĐůĂƐƐĞ͘ĞƋƵĂůƋƵĞƌĨŽƌŵĂ͕ĂƐŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂĕƁĞƐ
ĚŽƐĂůƵŶŽƐƐĆŽƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌĞƐ͕ĞĂƌĞĚĞĚĞƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂĚŽƐƉŽĚĞǀĂƌŝĂƌĚĞĂŵďŝĞŶƚĞĞƐĐŽůĂƌ͘
Acredita-se que as competências e habilidades adquiridas e desenvolvidas pelos
ĂůƵŶŽƐĨŽƌĂŵǀĞƌĚĂĚĞŝƌĂŵĞŶƚĞĐŽŶĐƌĞƟnjĂĚĂƐ͕ŽƋƵĞƚŽƌŶĂƌĞĂůŵĞŶƚĞǀĄůŝĚŽƚŽĚŽŽƚƌĂďĂlho desenvolvido.
Referências
>D/͕dŚĞŽĚŽƌŽĞĐŬĞƌet al. Fractais no Ensino Fundamental: Explorando essa
ŶŽǀĂŐĞŽŵĞƚƌŝĂ͘ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗фŚƩƉ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ƐďĞŵ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬĮůĞƐͬŝdžͺĞŶĞŵͬWŽƐƚĞƌͬ
dƌĂďĂůŚŽƐͬWKϬϬϵϵϱϲϲϯϬϯϯd͘ĚŽĐх͘ĐĞƐƐŽĞŵ͗ϮϭũĂŶ͘ϮϬϭϭ͘
Universo Acadêmico, Taquara, v. 5, n. 1, jan./dez. 2012. | 231
ZdZ^/>/^͘ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗фŚƩƉ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ĂƌƚĞďƌĂƐŝůŝƐ͘ďůŽŐƐƉŽƚ͘ĐŽŵх͘ĐĞƐƐŽĞŵ͗
ϮϭũĂŶ͘ϮϬϭϭ͘
ZK^͕ZƵLJDĂĚƐĞŶ͘Descobrindo a Geometria Fractal para a sala de aula͘ϯ͘ĞĚ͘
ĞůŽ,ŽƌŝnjŽŶƚĞ͗ƵƚġŶƟĐĂ͕ϮϬϬϱ͘
/hK͕DĂƌŝĂƉĂƌĞĐŝĚĂs͘;KƌŐ͘Ϳ͘ĚƵĐĂĕĆŽDĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂ͘^ĆŽWĂƵůŽ͗DŽƌĂĞƐ͕ϭϵϵϳ͘
Z^/>͘DŝŶŝƐƚĠƌŝŽĚĂĚƵĐĂĕĆŽ͘^ĞĐƌĞƚĂƌŝĂĚĞĚƵĐĂĕĆŽDĠĚŝĂĞdĞĐŶŽůſŐŝĐĂ͘
WĂƌąŵĞƚƌŽƐƵƌƌŝĐƵůĂƌĞƐEĂĐŝŽŶĂŝƐ;ŶƐŝŶŽDĠĚŝŽͿ͘ƌĂƐşůŝĂ͗D͕ϮϬϬϬ͘
______. ______. ______. Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais + (PCN+) - Ciências da
EĂƚƵƌĞnjĂĞƐƵĂƐdĞĐŶŽůŽŐŝĂƐ͘ƌĂƐşůŝĂ͗D͕ϮϬϬϮ͘
ZKh^^h͕'ƵLJ͘/ŶƚƌŽĚƵĕĆŽĂŽƐƚƵĚŽĚĂƐ^ŝƚƵĂĕƁĞƐŝĚĄƟĐĂƐ: Conteúdos e
DĠƚŽĚŽƐĚĞŶƐŝŶŽ͘^ĆŽWĂƵůŽ͗ƟĐĂ͕ϮϬϬϴ͘
NZZ͕:ŽƌŐĞtŝůůŝĂŶƐ͘Teoria do Caos͘ϮϬϬϳ͘ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗
фŚƩƉ͗ͬͬƐŝƚĞƐ͘ŐŽŽŐůĞ͘ĐŽŵͬƐŝƚĞͬŽŶƚŚĞĐŚĂŽƐͬƐŽďƌĞх͘ĐĞƐƐŽĞŵ͗ϭϱĨĞǀ͘ϮϬϭϭ
͛DZK^/K͕hďŝƌĂƚĂŶ͘ĂƌĞĂůŝĚĂĚĞăĂĕĆŽ͗ƌĞŇĞdžƁĞƐƐŽďƌĞĚƵĐĂĕĆŽĞDĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂ͘
^ĆŽWĂƵůŽ͘^ƵŵŵƵƐͬhŶŝĐĂŵƉ͕ϭϵϴϲ͘
'Z/͕'ŝůďĞƌƚŽ'͘A Rainha das Ciências - um passeio histórico pelo maravilhoso
ŵƵŶĚŽĚĂŵĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂ͘^ĆŽWĂƵůŽ͗>ŝǀƌĂƌŝĂĚĂ&şƐŝĐĂ͕ϮϬϬϲ͘
'>/<͕:ĂŵĞƐ͘CaosͲĂĐƌŝĂĕĆŽĚĞƵŵĂŶŽǀĂĐŝġŶĐŝĂ͘ϯ͘ĞĚ͘ZŝŽĚĞ:ĂŶĞŝƌŽ͗ĂŵƉƵƐ͕ϭϵϵϬ͘
:E>^ƉĂƌĂŽŝŶĮŶŝƚŽ͘Exposição de fractais. Disponível em:
фŚƩƉ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ĨƌĂĐƚĂƌƚĞ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬĂƌƟŐŽƐ͘ƉŚƉх͘ĐĞƐƐŽĞŵ͗ϭϱĨĞǀ͘ϮϬϭϭ
>KZE͕ĚǁĂƌĚE͘A Essência do Caos͘ƌĂƐşůŝĂ͗hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝĚĂĚĞĚĞƌĂƐşůŝĂ͕ϭϵϵϲ͘
D,K͕EŝůƐŽŶ:ŽƐĠ͘DĂƚĞŵĄƟĐĂĞ>şŶŐƵĂDĂƚĞƌŶĂ͗análise de uma impregnação
ŵƷƚƵĂ͘ϯ͘ĞĚ͘^ĆŽWĂƵůŽ͗ŽƌƚĞnj͕ϭϵϵϯ͘
DE>ZKd͕ĞŶŽŝƚ͘The Fractal Geometry of Nature͘^ĂŶ&ƌĂŶĐŝƐĐŽ͗&ƌĞĞŵĂŶ͕ϭϵϴϯ͘
DKZ/E͕ĚŐĂƌ͘ĐĂďĞĕĂďĞŵͲĨĞŝƚĂ͗ƌĞƉĞŶƐĂƌĂƌĞĨŽƌŵĂ͕ƌĞĨŽƌŵĂƌŽƉĞŶƐĂŵĞŶƚŽ͘ϴ͘ĞĚ͘
ZŝŽĚĞ:ĂŶĞŝƌŽ͗ĞƌƚƌĂŶĚƌĂƐŝů͕ϮϬϬϬ͘
WZ/'K'/E͕/ůLJĂ͘As leis do Caos͘^ĆŽWĂƵůŽ͗hŶĞƐƉ͕ϮϬϬϮ͘
^/>s͕ůĞdž͖^/>s͕:ŽŝĐĞ͘KƋƵĞĠdĞŽƌŝĂĚŽĂŽƐ͘ϮϬϭϬ͘ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗
фŚƩƉ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ŐĞŽŵĞƚƌĂƐ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌх͘ĐĞƐƐŽĞŵ͗ϮϳŵĂƌ͘ϮϬϭϭ͘
^/Yh/Z͕ZŽĚƌŝŐŽ͘:ĂŶĞůĂƐƉĂƌĂŽŝŶĮŶŝƚŽͲdžƉŽƐŝĕĆŽĚĞĨƌĂĐƚĂŝƐ͘ϮϬϭϬ͘ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗
фŚƩƉ͗ͬͬĨƌĂĐƚĂƌƚ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬĂƌƟŐŽƐͬĐĂŽƐͲĞͲŽƌĚĞŵ͘ƉŚƉх͘ĐĞƐƐŽĞŵ͗ϮϱũĂŶ͘ϮϬϭϭ͘
dKZ/KK^͘ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗фŚƩƉƐ͗ͬͬƐŝƚĞƐ͘ŐŽŽŐůĞ͘ĐŽŵͬƐŝƚĞͬŽŶƚŚĞĐŚĂŽƐͬĨƌĂĐƚх͘
ĐĞƐƐŽĞŵ͗ϮϭũĂŶ͘ϮϬϭϭ͘
232 | Faculdades Integradas de Taquara - Faccat
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Teoria do Caos: a ordem na não-lineariedade