Tourism EJTHR Research www.ejthr.com (XURSHDQ-RXUQDORI 7RXULVP+RVSLWDOLW\DQG5HFUHDWLRQ 9RO,VVXHSS © 2014 Polytechnic Institute of Leiria. All rights reserved Printed in Portugal SEGMENTING WINE FESTIVAL ATTENDEES BY LEVEL OF WINE KNOWLEDGE TO ENHANCE FUTURE DESTINATION MARKETING STRATEGIES Harsha E. Chacko and David Pearlman University of New Orleans, USA ABSTRACT: 6SHFLDOHYHQWWRXULVPKDVEHFRPHDQLQFUHDVLQJO\LPSRUWDQWVHFWRUZLWKLQWKH ZRUOGZLGHWRXULVPLQGXVWU\DQGWKLVUHVHDUFKH[DPLQHVKRZDWWHQGHHVDWDZLQHIHVWLYDOLQ 1HZ2UOHDQV86$FDQEHVHJPHQWHGVRWKDWPRUHHIIHFWLYHPDUNHWLQJVWUDWHJLHVFDQEHGHYHORSHG'DWDZHUHFROOHFWHGE\LQWHUFHSWVXUYH\VGXULQJWKH1HZ2UOHDQV:LQHDQG)RRG ([SHULHQFH12:)(DQDQQXDOZLQHDQGIRRGIHVWLYDOUHVXOWLQJLQXVDEOHUHVSRQVHV 5HVSRQGHQWVZHUHVHJPHQWHGLQWRWKUHHJURXSVEDVHGRQWKHLUOHYHORI ZLQHNQRZOHGJHDQG GDWDDQDO\VLVVKRZHGWKDWWKHUHZHUHVLJQLÀFDQWGLIIHUHQFHVEHWZHHQWKHJURXSVLQWHUPVRI GHPRJUDSKLFVJHQGHULQFRPHUHVLGHQF\WULSFKDUDFWHULVWLFVSULPDU\SXUSRVHRI YLVLWOHQJWK RI VWD\DQGVSHQGLQJEHKDYLRU7KHSDSHUGLVFXVVHVKRZWKHVHGLIIHUHQFHVLQWKHVHJPHQWV FDQEHXVHGWRFUHDWHEHWWHUPDUNHWSRVLWLRQLQJRI WKHIHVWLYDODQGWRGHYHORSPRUHHIIHFWLYH PDUNHWLQJFRPPXQLFDWLRQV,QDGGLWLRQGDWDZHUHFROOHFWHGIURPDVPDOOHUVXEVDPSOHXVLQJ DZLQHLQYROYHPHQWVFDOHZKLFKZDVIDFWRUDQDO\]HGUHVXOWLQJLQWZRIDFWRUVODEHOHGH[SHUWLVH DQGHQMR\PHQW)XUWKHUDQDO\VLVVKRZHGVWURQJVLJQLÀFDQWFRUUHODWLRQVEHWZHHQKLJKOHYHOV RI ZLQHNQRZOHGJHDQGWKHH[SHUWLVHIDFWRUKeywords6SHFLDOHYHQWWRXULVPZLQHIHVWLYDOV GHVWLQDWLRQPDUNHWLQJ RESUMEN: (OWXULVPRGHHYHQWRVHVSHFLDOHVVHYROYLyHQXQVHFWRUFDGDYH]PiVLPSRUWDQWH HQODLQGXVWULDJOREDOGHOWXULVPR\HVWHHVWXGLRDQDOL]DODIRUPDFRPRORVSDUWLFLSDQWHVGHXQ IHVWLYDOGHYLQRVHQ1XHYD2UOHDQV((88SXHGHQVHUVHJPHQWDGRVGHIRUPDDGHVDUUROODU HVWUDWHJLDVGHPDUNHWLQJPiVHÀFDFHV/RVGDWRVIXHURQREWHQLGRVDWUDYpVGHHQFXHVWDVSUHVenciales (intercepted surveys) durante el 1HZ2UOHDQV:LQHDQG)RRG([SHULHQFH12:)(XQ IHVWLYDODQXDOJDVWURQyPLFR\GHYLQRVUHVXOWDQGRHQUHVSXHVWDV~WLOHV/RVHQFXHVWDGRV IXHURQVHJPHQWDGRVHQWUHVJUXSRVEDVDGRHQHOQLYHOGHFRQRFLPLHQWRGHYLQRV\HODQiOLVLVGHORVGDWRVGHPRVWUyTXHH[LVWtDQGLIHUHQFLDVVLJQLÀFDWLYDVHQWUHORVJUXSRVHQWpUPLQRV GHPRJUiÀFRVJpQHURUHQGLPLHQWRVUHVLGHQFLDFDUDFWHUtVWLFDVGHOYLDMHSULQFLSDOREMHWLYR GHODYLVLWDGXUDFLyQGHODHVWDQFLD\FRPSRUWDPLHQWRUHODWLYRDORVJDVWRV(OSUHVHQWHDUWtculo analiza la forma como estas diferencias entre segmentos pueden ser utilizadas de forma a promocionar un mejor posicionamiento del festival en el mercado y a desarrollar comuniFDFLRQHVGHPDUNHWLQJPiVHÀFDFHV$GHPiVORVGDWRVIXHURQREWHQLGRVDWUDYpVGHXQDVXE PXHVWUDPiVUHGXFLGDXWLOL]DQGRXQDHVFDODGHLQYROXFUDPLHQWRFRQYLQRVTXHIXHVRPHWLGDD un análisis factorial, resultando en dos factores, el conocimiento especializado y el placer. Un DQiOLVLVPiVSURIXQGL]DGRGHPRVWUyODH[LVWHQFLDGHFRUUHODFLRQHVVLJQLÀFDWLYDVHQWUHQLYHOHV elevados de conocimiento de vinos y el factor de conocimiento especializado. Palabras clave: 7XULVPRGHHYHQWRVHVSHFLDOHVIHVWLYDOHVGHYLQRVPDUNHWLQJGHGHVWLQR Harsha E. Chacko is a Professor of Hotel, Restaurant and Tourism Administration at WKH8QLYHUVLW\RI 1HZ2UOHDQVZKHUHKHKDVEHHQWHDFKLQJIRUWKHSDVW\HDUV6LQFH KHLVD&HUWLÀHG6SHFLDOLVWRI :LQH$XWKRU·VHPDLOKFKDFNR#XQRHGX 103 104 6(*0(17,1*:,1()(67,9$/$77(1'((6 RESUMO: O turismo de eventos especiais tornou-se um setor cada vez mais importante na LQG~VWULDJOREDOGRWXULVPRHHVWHHVWXGRDQDOLVDDIRUPDFRPRRVSDUWLFLSDQWHVGHXPIHVWLYDOGHYLQKRVHP1RYD2UOHmHV(8$SRGHPVHUVHJPHQWDGRVGHIRUPDDGHVHQYROYHUHVWUDWpJLDVGHPDUNHWLQJPDLVHÀFD]HV2VGDGRVIRUDPREWLGRVDWUDYpVGHLQTXpULWRVSUHVHQFLDLV LQWHUFHSWHG VXUYH\V GXUDQWH R 1HZ 2UOHDQV :LQH DQG )RRG ([SHULHQFH 12:)( XP IHVWLYDODQXDOJDVWURQyPLFRHGHYLQKRVWHQGRUHVXOWDGRHPUHVSRVWDV~WHLV2VLQTXLULGRVIRUDPVHJPHQWDGRVHPWUrVJUXSRVFRPEDVHQRQtYHOGHFRQKHFLPHQWRGHYLQKRVHD DQiOLVHGRVGDGRVUHYHORXTXHH[LVWLDPGLIHUHQoDVVLJQLÀFDWLYDVHQWUHRVJUXSRVHPWHUPRV GHPRJUiÀFRVJpQHURUHQGLPHQWRVUHVLGrQFLDFDUDFWHUtVWLFDVGDYLDJHPSULQFLSDOREMHWLYR da visita, duração da estadia) e comportamento relativo aos gastos. O presente artigo analisa a forma como estas diferenças entre segmentos podem ser utilizadas de forma a promover XPPHOKRUSRVLFLRQDPHQWRGRIHVWLYDOQRPHUFDGRHDGHVHQYROYHUFRPXQLFDo}HVGHPDUNHWLQJPDLVHÀFD]HV$OpPGLVVRRVGDGRVIRUDPREWLGRVDWUDYpVGHXPDVXEDPRVWUDPDLVUHGX]LGDXWLOL]DQGRXPDHVFDODGHHQYROYLPHQWRFRPYLQKRVTXHIRLVXEPHWLGDDXPDDQiOLVH fatorial, resultando em dois fatores, o conhecimento especializado e o prazer. Uma análise PDLVDSURIXQGDGDUHYHORXDH[LVWrQFLDGHFRUUHODo}HVVLJQLÀFDWLYDVHQWUHQtYHLVHOHYDGRVGH conhecimento de vinhos e o fator conhecimento especializado. Palavras-chave: Turismo de HYHQWRVHVSHFLDLVIHVWLYDLVGHYLQKRVPDUNHWLQJGHGHVWLQR ,1752'8&7,21 )RRGDQGZLQHUHODWHGWUDYHOLVDQLFKHWUDYHOPDUNHWLQWKH8QLWHG 6WDWHVWKDWKDVUHFHLYHGFRQVLGHUDEOHDWWHQWLRQLQWKHSDVWIHZ\HDUV DQGLVVHHLQJWUHPHQGRXVJURZWK$UHFHQWVWXG\E\0DQGDOD5HVHDUFK VKRZHGWKDWIRUWKLUW\SHUFHQWRI OHLVXUHWUDYHOHUVWKHDYDLODELOity of food and wine activities was the SULPDU\UHDVRQIRUWDNLQJWKHLU WULSV$SUHYLRXVVWXG\E\WKH7UDYHO,QGXVWU\$VVRFLDWLRQ7,$LQGLFDWHGWKDWPRUHWKDQWHQSHUFHQWRI OHLVXUHWUDYHOHUVKDYHSDUWDNHQLQ ZLQHDQGIRRGUHODWHGDFWLYLWLHV7,$7KLVUHVHDUFKDOVRUHSRUWed that almost one in ten travelers were involved in some wine related DFWLYLW\GXULQJWKHLUWULSV7KHVHDFWLYLWLHVZHUHGHÀQHGDVSDUWLFLSDWLQJ LQZLQHU\WRXUVGULYLQJDZLQHWUDLOWDVWLQJORFDOO\PDGHZLQHVRUDWWHQGLQJZLQHIHVWLYDOVS7KHZLQHLQGXVWU\UHODWHGZHEVLWHwww. localwineevents.com) lists over 800 wine festivals including prominent RQHVLQORFDWLRQVWKDWDUHQRWZLQHJURZLQJUHJLRQVVXFKDV6RXWK%HDFK 0LDPL$VSHQDQG1HZ2UOHDQV7KHVHIHVWLYDOVUDQJHIURPDRQHWR ÀYHGD\GXUDWLRQDQGDWWUDFWODUJHQXPEHUVRI YLVLWRUVPDQ\RI ZKRP are visiting the destination for the primary purpose of attending the HYHQW8QLYHUVLW\RI 1HZ2UOHDQV7KHVHHYHQWVKDYHFRQVLGHUDEOHHFRQRPLFLPSDFWRQWKHLUKRVWFRPPXQLWLHVZLWKWKH$VSHQ )RRGDQG:LQH&ODVVLFDFFRXQWLQJIRUPLOOLRQLQGLUHFWHFRQRPLF LPSDFW/XW]DQGWKH1HZ2UOHDQV:LQHDQG)RRG([SHULHQFH 12:)(DWPLOOLRQ8QLYHUVLW\RI 1HZ2UOHDQV$OWKRXJK WKHUHDUHQRHFRQRPLFLPSDFWVWXGLHVDYDLODEOHIRUWKH6RXWK%HDFK :LQHDQG)RRG)HVWLYDOLWKDGDURXQGDWWHQGHHVDQGUDLVHG PLOOLRQIRUFKDULWDEOHFDXVHV:DONHU7KHVHWKUHHZLQHIHVWLYDOV KDYHEHHQKLJKOLJKWHGKHUHVLQFHQRQHRI WKHPDUHLQZLQHSURGXFLQJ