13904ABS.PGS
2/14/05
1:54 PM
Page 89
Photomedicine and Laser Surgery
Volume 23, Number 1, 2005
© Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.
Pp. 89–151
Abstracts
5th Congress of the World Association
for Laser Therapy
November 25–27, 2004
São Paulo, Brazil
13904ABS.PGS
2/14/05
1:54 PM
Page 90
2004 ABSTRACTS WALT
OP001
Prevention of xerostomia induced by Radiotherapy using low
level Laser
CARLOS DE OLIVEIRA LOPES; RENATO AMARO ZÅNGARO;
JOSEPA RIGAL
Objective: Verify if the use of the InGaAl Laser with 685nm
wavelength can reduce the incidence of xerostomia, the severity of the oral mucosite and the intensity of the pain associated to mucosite in patients with head and neck cancer
submitted to the Radiotherapy (Rt). Material and Method: 60
patients bearers of head and neck carcinoma were submitted
to Rt with daily dose from 1,8 to 2,0 Gy and final dose from
45 to 72 Gy. The volume of saliva was measured on the first
day, 15 at the end of the treatment and fifteen months after.
Oral muccosites was evaluated weekly. In a randomized way
29 patients were submitted to Rt without laser and 31 were
submitted to Rt + laser with daily dose of 2 Joules/cm2 in
predetermined points of the oral mucous membrane, parotid
and submandibular glands. Doses of radiotherapy in the salivary glands was similar in both groups. Results: in the group
submitted to Rt + Laser the incidence of mucosite and pain
was significantly smaller and the volume of saliva were
larger during and after the treatment and even after fifteen
months after the end of treatment. Conclusion: The patients
submitted to the associated treatment with Rt + Laser had
smaller incidence of xerostomia, oral mucosite and pain
when compared to the Rt treatment without laser with results
of statistical significance.The volume of saliva was bigger
after fifteen months in the group treated with Rt + Laser. Low
potency Laser, LBP, Xerostomia, Mucosite, Radiotherapy,
Chemotherapy.
OP003
The effect of 670 nm Laser Therapy on herpes simplex and
aphtae
ARTURO GUERRA ALFONSO; PEDRO J. MUÑOZ SÁNCHEZ;
TRINA ESQUIVEL; JULIA R. FUGUET BOULLÓN; JAN
TUNÉR
In two separate clinical studies 232 patients with herpes simplex
type 1 virus and 52 patients with aphtous ulcers were consecutively selected for laser or traditional therapy. 116 patients in the
HSV1 group received laser therapy while the rest received traditional therapy such as Acyclovir cream or pills and palliative
therapies. One of the dentists was responsible for the diagnosis,
treatment and evaluation, respectively, to allow for a semiblinded procedure. Patients in the laser group received GaAlAs
670 nm, 1.2 J per blister in the prodromal stage and 2.4 J in the
crust and secondarily infected stages plus 1 J at the C2-C3 vertebras. Patients were controlled daily during the first week to control healing and monthly for one year to check on recurrence. A
very obvious effect of the laser therapy was found for both initial
healing as well as for the number of recurrences. In the aphtous
study the laser group received 1.8 J altering days acc. to the evolution of the aphtae. The control group received Lidocaine 2%
gel, analgesics and alimentary counselling. Cases were classified
acc. to size and the two groups were almost identical in this respect. Total scarring within different time frames was as follows,
with control group within brackets: 7 days 0(5). One ulcer of the
large type healed with laser within 48h-4 days and another within
5–7 days while one case of herpetifom ulcer healed only after 7
days. It is concluded that laser therapy of HSV-1 and aphtous ulcers is an effective therapy without any observed side effects.
OP004
Laser Therapy for somatosensory tinnitus
JAN TUNÉR
The phenomenon of tinnitus can have many backgrounds, such
as prolonged exposure to noise, acoustic trauma, brain damage
and depression. A common, and often overlooked reason for
tinnitus is a high level of tension in muscles. It is typical of this
condition that the patient can change the character of the sound
by performing movements of the head and lower jaw. In order
to reduce this condition several measures must be taken. Malocclusion, even minute such, must be eliminated. A typical finding in cases of malocclusion is a very tender m. pterygoideus
lateralis. Patients must be made aware of their head posture
and reasons for stress. The goal of the therapy is to reduce or
eliminate all reasons for muscular over-tension. Since laser
therapy is an excellent method for reducing muscular pain and
tension, it has become a valuable co-intervention in the treatment of somatosensory tinnitus. This presentation will discuss
the background of somatosensory tinnitus and its treatment, focusing on the laser therapy involved.
OP002
Metronomic Photodynamic Therapy:
principle to practice
STUART K BISLAND; BRIAN C. WILSON
We have recently proposed metronomic photodynamic therapy (mPDT) as a novel, alternate strategy aimed at maximizing PDT-induced apoptotic cell death in brain tumor. The
rational for mPDT is to achieve levels of tumour cell kill
consistent with sustainable tumour control and/or tumor ablation without inciting necrosis and the accompanying
malaise of non-specific side effects, which is of particular
relevance inside the rigid confines of the cranium wherein
secondary inflammation can be fatal. Metronomic dosing for
PDT entails the concomitant administration of low dose photosensitizing agent and excitation light over prolonged periods of time, either continuously or as multiple repeat
fractions that permit pharmacokinetic and photobiological
continuity. This is a departure from conventional PDT regimens that typically involve single, acute treatments or a series of repeat acute treatments or hyperfractionation. This
study describes results and technological developments for
providing mPDT in vivo as demonstrated using a rat brain
tumor model and also serves to highlight some of the practical issues that still remain concerning the application of
mPDT into the clinic as well as the identification of potential
targets for treatment.
OP009
Humoral immunity and cytokine network of volunteers after
their exposure
NATALYA ZHEVAGO; KIRA SAMOILOVA
The immunological effects of visible and infrared light from
laser and non-laser sources have remained so far insufficiently
90
13904ABS.PGS
2/14/05
1:54 PM
Page 91
2004 ABSTRACTS WALT
trons and the import of radiation energy of this process. Results:
because of the inherent wave-particle dualism of the electrons, it
is obvious to regard radiation phenomena in order to explain the
cellular energy transfer. The connection between the energy
transport by radiation and the order in structures maybe understand, if structurally bound energy is released during the dissolution of structures (Oxidation of foodstuffs) or is again manifested
(finally reduction of oxygen to water). Regarding the energy values relevant for the respiratory chain, the import of electromagnetic radiation of characteristic ranges of wavelengths on the
cellular energy transfer becomes evident. Depending on its wavelength, electromagnetic radiation in the form of light can transfer
energy to electrons. LLL-Light corresponds well with the characteristic absorption levels of the relevant components of the respiratory chain. This laser stimulation vitalises the cell by increasing
the mitochondrial ATP-production. Conclusions: with regard to
the wave aspect it is possible to explain the increase of ATP-production by means of LLLL on a cellular level.
studied, which has restricted the use of light in the treatment of
diseases associated with immune system disorders. The present
randomized, placebo controlled double blind trial was designed
to study changes in the humoral immunity and cytokine network
of a large group of volunteers after exposure of a small body
area to polychromatic visible + infrared polarized light of the
Swiss “BIOPTRON-2” phototherapeutic device (480–3400
nm, 95% polarization, 12 J/cm2). At 30–60 min after a single
light session a rise in serum IgM content of 13% has been observed and by the end of the 10-day course it had exceeded the
initial level by 26%, with an increase in IgA content of 17%,
and of 12% in 1 week after the last session. No changes in IgG
amount was recorded. In subjects with a high immune complex
content, it decreased rapidly to the normal level. The plasma
content of pro-inflammatory cytokines immediately was downregulated: at the enhanced initial parameters the TNF-a content
fell (30 times, on average), while the content of IFN-g decreased only after 4 daily irradiations (3 times). The normal
level of IL-6 and IL-12 was also reduced (4 times). At the same
time, the level rose of anti-inflammatory cytokines – IL-10 (4
times at the normal parameters) and TGF-b1 (1.5 times at the
low level). A peculiarity of the light effects was a fast rise of
the IFN-g amount (6 times) at its initially normal parameters.
Similar fast changes are recorded at irradiation of blood in
vitro, which suggests the key role of blood photomodification
in the development of the above effects. The effect of light on
the content of IL-1b, IL-2, IL-4 and IFN-a has not been revealed.
OP012
LLLT of inner ear diseases and the importance of noise
protection
LUTZ WILDEN
Objective: the benefit of noise protection for the human hearing organ is well known in occupational medicine. With a
patient survey we examined: a) how inner ear patients are informed about noise protection before LLLT b) how inner ear
patients value noise protection as helpful before LLLT c) how
inner ear patients value noise protection as helpful during and
after LLLT. Material and Method: all patients where questioned personally before and at the end of LLLT. Patients with
following symptoms where questioned: tinnitus, sudden or
chronical loss of hearing, hyperacusis, dysacusis, pressure in
the ear, vertigo, Morbus Menierè. 3000 patients where questioned from 01.10.1990–04.10.2003. Results: only 0,5% of the
patients got the information from their therapists that hearing is
a energy (ATP) consuming process for the hearing cells (15 patients) before LLLT. Only 1,5% of the patients where recommend to protect themselve against noise (45 patients) before
LLLT. Only 2% of the patients did noise protection out of their
own initiative (60 patients) before LLLT. 100% of the patients
who protected themselves against noise before LLLT mentioned that this was having a positive effect on their symptoms
(105 patients). 98% of the patients who where informed from
me to put into practice individual noise protection during and
after LLLT of the inner ear mentioned that this was having a
positive effect on their symptoms (2940 patients). Conclusions:
protection against noise and daily loudness is a recommendable accompanying therapy for LLLT of inner ear diseases.
OP010
The short-term effects of Low Level Lasers as adjunct therapy in the treatment of periodontal inflammation
TALAT QADRI; LETECIA MIRANDA; JAN TUNÉR; ANDERS
GUSTAFSSON
Objectives: the aim of this split-mouth, double-blind controlled
clinical trial was to study the effects of irradiation with low-level
lasers as an adjunctive treatment of inflamed gingival tissue. Material and methods: Seventeen patients with moderate periodontitis were included. After clinical examination, all teeth were
scaled and root planed (SRP). One week after SRP, we took samples of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and subgingival plaque.
The laser therapy was started one week later and continued once
a week for six weeks. One side of the upper jaw was treated with
active laser and the other with a placebo. The test side was treated
with two low-level lasers having wavelengths of 635nm and
830nm. The patients then underwent another clinical examination with sampling of GCF and plaque. The GCF samples were
analysed for elastase activity, interleukin-1 (IL-1) and metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8). We examined the subgingival plaque
for 12 bacteria using DNA probes. Results: the clinical variables
i.e. probing pocket depth, plaque and gingival indices were reduced more on the laser side than on the placebo one.
OP013
Morbidity prevention in orthopedic surgery applying red light.
Lasertherapy for arthroscopic reconstruction
MARIA CECÊLIA RAMALHO DE AZEVEDO LUIZ; CHAVANTES MC
MORBIDITY PREVENTION IN ORTHOPEDIC SURGERY
APPLYING RED LIGHT LASERTHERAPY FOR
ARTHROSCOPIC RECONSTRUCTION De Azevedo Luiz
MC1, Chavantes MC2, Mainine S3. 1IPD Univap, 2Medical for
OP011
The importance of the wave aspect of electrons in regard to
the mitochondrial energy transfer
LUTZ WILDEN; R. KARTHEIN; TÜV RHEINLAND
Biochemical models of the cellular energy transfer regard the
classical corpuscular aspect of electrons as the responsible energy
carriers thereby ignoring the wave-particle dualism of the elec-
91
13904ABS.PGS
2/14/05
1:54 PM
Page 92
2004 ABSTRACTS WALT
dren with cortical blindness 3 children showed complete recovery of vision and 2 showed marked improvement accounting for 50% cure rate, out of 14 children with hearing
difficulties, 10 showed marked improvement accounting for
71% improvement rate, out of 37 children with speech disorders 22 showed improvement reflecting 59% improvement
rate, out of 16 children with hemiplegia 11 showed improvement in movement, tone and power accounting for 69% improvement rate, out of 19 children with quadriplegia 10
showed improvement in gross and fine motor functions showing 53% success rate and out of 3 children with paraplegia of
lower limbs 2 showed improvement in weight bearing, standing and movement accounting for 67% improvement rate. The
data gathered during this study shows a high %age of improvement in children suffering from cerebral palsy and associated
neurological disorders like, cortical blindness, epilepsy, spasticity, sensory neural deafness, speech disorders, hemiplegia,
quadriplegia, paraplegia. Key Words: Cerebral Palsy, Laser
acupuncture, Aculaser therapy, CP Children, Cortical blindness, Epilepsy, Spasticity, Sensory neural deafness, Speech
disorders, Hemiplegia, Quadriplegia, Paraplegia.
Laser Center, INCOR-HC/FMUSP, 3IFOR, Brazil Objective:
The increasing sports participation is transforming the ligament lesion more frequently. Such kind of lesion, normally
requires conventional surgical intervention and the arthroscopy
is a less invasive technique. The trauma of a surgical procedure may cause different pain degrees at the postoperative period and demand several months of rehabilitation. We
assessed the low level laser effect in inhibiting pain and inducing regenerative process of knee ligament. Material and
Methods: We evaluated patients that underwent anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction by arthroscopy, at IFOR, divided in two groups. Group I, employed on the surgical a
Diode Laser, wavelength=655nm, power=25mW and fluence=8J/cm2 at the ligament area and along the surgical scar.
Group II, Placebo (underwent a fake Laser instrument). Results: Patients of the Group I, when compared with Group II,
presented wider movement, increase muscular power force
and refered decrease of the knee operated. The surgical incision in the Laser Group healed earlier with better scar-tissue,
without none morbidity. Conclusion: The results obtained evidenciated that all parameters employed in this study were effective to decrease the post surgical pain, accelerate the
wound healing process, that signalize a less invasive procedure in the near future.
OP015
Obtaining biologically active, medical preparation of wide
scope
ROBERT ZH. KHACHATRYAN; HAYK S. ARAKELYAN;
ANUSH. A. KHACHATRYAN; KHACHIK V. GRIGORYAN
The use of laser photolysis as a method of obtaining biologically active medical agents is a new method that enables to
broaden the arsenal of ecologically pure medical agents. By
means of focused laser irradiation of high intensity the solution
of metal molecules and mineral microelements takes place.
Wide spectrum of the effect of medical agents based on various
metals (Ag, Au, Cu, Zn, Pt etc) and minerals obtained by
method of laser photolysis is conditioned by the variety of metals and minerals. One can apply obtained medical agents in
dermatology and cosmetology for curing burns of different degree, purulent disease, vitiligo etc (Ag, Au, Cu), in oncology
(Pt), in gastroenterology (Ag), for stimulating the growth of
the organism, etc. The concentration and activity of dissolved
substance is controlled by the intensity of laser irradiation, exposition time and temperature of distilled water. The lifetime
and therefore the biological activity of dissolved metal ions
and minerals varies from several hours (under solar light and at
room temperature) to several months (in darkness and at low
temperature). Some preparations have strong antiseptic properties based on microelements (preparations based on Ag, Au,
Zn, Pt). The biologically active medical agents based on microelements, are used in form of chemical substances (CuSO4,
Zn PO4, AgNO3 etc) which in organism except for positive effects have side effects (anemia, poisoning, allergy etc). In medical preparations obtained by laser photolysis the dissolved
molecules and microelements are in an active ionized state
without any chemical compound. This state of molecules and
microelements facilitates their assimilation by the organism in
their active involvement in biochemical processes that take
place in the organism.
OP014
Aculaser Therapy a comprehensive approach for the treatment of cerebral palsy & associted neurological disorders
SHAHZAD ANWAR; MALIK MOHAMMAD NADEEM KHAN;
FAIZA QAZI; IMTIAZ AHMED; ABID HAREEF AWAN
A single, open and non comparative study was conducted at
Anwar Shah’s First C.P. & Paralysis Clinic and Research Center to evaluate the effects of ACULASER THERAPY in
childern suffering from Cerebral Palsy (CP) of various types
and associated disorders like epilepsy, cortical blindness, spasticity, hemiplegia, paraplegia, quadriplegia, sensory-neural
deafness and speech disorders. In all 38 childern were treated
and the data was gathered during a period of 10 months from
September 2003 till June 2004. These childern were included
randomly as they presented at the center. These childern were
referred to us by the Department of Neurosurgery, Children
Hospital & Institute of Child Health Lahore Pakistan. This article shows the initial results of the treatment with ACULASER
THERAPY in CP childern who were treated for minimum 6
weeks and more or had minimum of 10 treatment sessions and
more. This article also shows that those childern who were
given a break in the treatment for 4–12 weeks did not show any
reversal of the symptoms. These childern were classified according to the associated neurological disorders like epilepsy,
cortical blindness, spasticity, hemiplegia, quadriplegia, sensory-neural deafness and speech disorders. Analysis of the data
showed that out of 31 childern with severe spasticity and stiffness 25 showed marked improvement showing 81% improvement rate, out of 25 childern with Epileptic fits there was a
significant reduction in the intensity, frequency and duration of
Epileptic fits in 16 childern while 9 didn’t show any improvement or aggravation showing 64% success rate, out of 6 chil-
92
13904ABS.PGS
2/14/05
1:54 PM
Page 93
2004 ABSTRACTS WALT
duced by -0.20 kg/ cm2 [95%CI:-0.45 to 0.05] after placebo
LLLT. Conclusion: LLLT appears to reduce inflammation and
increase pressure pain threshold levels in activity-induced pain
episodes of Achilles tendinopathy.
OP016
Comparative histologic analysis of healing in cutaneous
wounds treated with Low Level Laser Therapy associated to
nandrolone phenylpropionate
PAULO DE TARSO CAMILLO DE CARVALHO; JOÃO FABIO
SIQUEIRA; NILTON MAZZER; CLAÜDIO HENRIQUE
BARBIERI
This study aims to compare the results of laser therapy associated to the hormone nandrolone phenylpropionate, in the healing of induced cutaneous wounds. The healing process in rats
was histologically analyzed. The study used 24 Norvergicus
Albinos Wistar rats, all male with non-established age. The animals were submitted to induction of cutaneous wound, on the
back, by means of subcutaneous ministration of a formol solution at 100%. After the formation of wounds the animals were
divided into two groups of animals each. One of the groups
was treated with HeNe laser at 5mW power only, applied by
sweeping and joules/sq cm energy density GTL, and the other
group was treated with laser in the same previous conditions
associated to the topic application of ml of nandrolone phenylpropionate. The animals were sacrificed in the 3rd, 7th, 14th
and 21st days after the wound in order to collect the samples
which were submitted to routine histologic procedures and colored by Hematoxilina-Eosina (HE). The results achieved were
analyzed semi-quantitatively and submitted to variance analysis. The level of hypothesis rejection was established at 0,05 or
5%, and it was obtained p=0,021. We concluded that the group
treated with laser associated to the hormone presents more accelerated healing process after the second week.
OP019
Interaction of ultrashort pulses laser in bovine dental enamel:
ablation threshold
CARLA DI RAGO TODESCAN; ANDERSON ZANAD DE
FREITAS; NILSON DIAS VIEIRAS JUNIOR; CARLOS DE
PAULA EDUARDO; RICARDO ELGUD SAMAD
An obstacle for interaction of the Lasers of high intensity with
the hard structures of teeth is the heating of remaining tissues.
This study analyzes, in vitro, the interaction of ultra short
pulses of Ti:safire (830 nm), with the enamel of bovine central
incisors, a no thermal process plasma mediated. A main oscillator was integrated to an amplifier (technique CPA – Chirped
Pulse Amplification). The pulses extracted before the temporal
compression of the pulse presented 830 nm, 30 ps, 1000 Hz
and ~1 mJ. The pulses extracted after the temporal compression, presented 830 nm, 60 fs, 1000 Hz and ~0,7 mJ. The M2
was 1,3, the focal lens was 2,5 cm, the focal distance was 29,7
cm and the table of translation x-y-z was computerized. We
evaluate the ablation threshold calculating the threshold fluency by two different forms: using the ray of the beam and
using the ablation ray. We found the Region of Ablation that
we determined to be in the form of chocolate called “cat language”, the length of ablation, the rays of ablation, the rays of
the beam in the ablation region and the fluency ~0,7 J/cm2 for
30ps and ~0,5 J/cm2 for 60 fs. We concluded that the fluency
was more important than the intensity to differentiate the 2
temporal regimes. With small changes in the fluency we could
be outside of the ablation region. So we need to know more
about this new temporal regime to use it in benefit of many applications, besides Dentistry.
OP018
Low Level Laser Therapy has an anti-inflammatory effect on
peri-tendinous PGE2 levels in achilles tendinopathy. A randomised placebo-controlled trial with microdialysis.
JAN M. BJORDAL; IVERSEN, V
Low level laser therapy has an anti-inflammatory effect on peritendinous PGE2 levels in Achilles tendinopathy. A randomised
placebo-controlled trial with microdialysis. Objective: to investigate if low level laser therapy (LLLT) has an anti-inflammatory effect on tendinitis of the Achilles tendon. Material: Seven
patients with bilateral Achilles tendonitis (14 tendons) who had
aggravated symptoms by pain-inducing activity immediately
prior to the study. Method: LLLT (1.8 Joules for each of three
points along the Achilles tendon with 904nm infrared laser) and
placebo LLLT were administered to either Achilles tendons in a
random order to which patients and therapist were blinded. Inflammation was examined by invasive microdialysis for measuring the concentration of the inflammatory marker PGE2 in
the peritendinous tissue, ultrasound with Doppler measurement
of peri- and intratendinous blood flow, and pressure pain algometry. Results: PGE2- levels were significantly reduced at
60, 75, and 90 minutes after active LLLT compared both to pretreatment levels (p=0.026) and to placebo LLLT (p=0.009).
Changes in pressure pain threshold (PPT) were significantly
different (P=0.012) between groups. PPT increased by a mean
value of 0.19 kg/cm2 [95%CI:0.04 to 0.34] after treatment in
the active LLLT group, while pressure pain threshold was re-
OP020
Interaction of ultra short pulses laser in bovine dental enamel:
topographic and micro morphologic analysis of the radiated
surfaces
CARLA DI RAGO TODESCAN; RICARDO ELGUL SAMAD;
ANDERSON ZANAD DE FREITAS; NILSON DIAS VIEIRAS
JUNIOR; CARLOS DE PAULA EDUARDO
A promising future for the use of Lasers of high intensity substituting the high rotation in Dentistry is the high precision of cut.
This is becoming possible with the developing of the technology
to produce Lasers with lesser pulse durations. Those Lasers are
now available in Table Top Lasers Systems. This study analyzes,
in vitro, the interaction of USPL of Ti:safire (830nm), with the
enamel of bovine central incisors, a no thermal process plasma
mediated. A main oscillator was integrated to an amplifier (technique CPA). The pulses extracted before the temporal compression of the pulse presented 830nm, 30ps, 1000Hz and ~1mJ. The
pulses extracted after the temporal compression, presented
830nm, 60fs, 1000Hz and ~0,7mJ. The M2 was 1,3, the focal lens
was 2,5cm, the focal distance was 29,7cm and the table of translation x-y-z was computerized. We did topographic and micro morphologic analysis of the radiated surfaces in OM and SEM of both
93
13904ABS.PGS
2/14/05
1:54 PM
Page 94
2004 ABSTRACTS WALT
emission: a/ private—continues after the actual impact; b/ only
partially reversible after LMPl; c/ progressively increasing; d/
with a typical cyclic recurrence; e/ clinical sign for morphological changes. II. Expanded clinical results—major inferences:
a/ cases and groups: 1th group—functional lesion of the spinal
cord—30 cases. 2nd group—anatomic lesion of the spinal
cord—4 cases; b/ changes in the neurogical status—For the 1st
group—limits of the rehabilitation. For the 2nd group rehabilitation of the sensnuousness (with a specific peculiarities) and
continuing dynamics. Inferences: the rehabilitation progresses,
with no relation to the type of the impacted structures, in other
words here there is present universality. There is no recess in
the dynamics of the rehabilitation, nor “effect of asjusting”.
There is necessity of continuation of the therapy with following correspondent changes in the parameters. There is also
comlex decreasing of the secondary complications.—osteoporosis; artritis; muscular atrophy; kidney stagnancy. III. New
observed effects and additional analysis (WALT 2002, Tokyo,
Japan, 4th world congress, Proceedins . . . . . . . . . . . . ..page
93). 1. Demonstrative visualization of the dualistic effect of
LASER. 2. The recently observed phenomenon of the “provoked mechanism” (not automatic) for walking and the following change in the terms of the therapy. IV. Side effects. V.
Explanation of the observed effects. VI. Characteristic of the
process “re-creaton” of nerve tissue: 1. Real, measurable process, responding to the clinical results; 2. Process with a peculiar characteristics; 3. The process is under control; 4. Process
which occurs when there is available definite type of influence;
5. Process which normal course, (when there is no such interference) is realized with insignificant speed (or isn’t realized at
all); 6. It’s a universal process which is independant from the
character of the trauma. VII. General conclusion: a/ Descriptive method; b/ Analytic method. VIII. Questions!
temporal regimes. We found 30ps smooth edge cut with small
areas of carbonization and radial furrows in the remaining tissue
and for 60fs extreme precision sharp edge cut of sub micrometric
order with no heat affected zone, since only one small amount of
tissue is ablated per pulse. We concluded that the USPL with femtoseconds pulse duration are the best result for substituting the
high rotation system in Dentistry in the near future because as it is
a no thermal plasma mediated process with no Heated Affected
Zone, reduction of pain and no acoustic noise.
OP021
Interaction of ultra short pulses laser in bovine dental
enamel: quantification of the mass extracted by pulse at the
temporal system of 60 fs
CARLA DI RAGO TODESCAN; NILSON DIAS VIEIRAS
JUNIOR; CARLOS DE PAULA EDUARDO; RICARDO ELGUD
SAMAD; ANDERSON ZANAD DE FREITAS; NILSON DIAS
VIEIRAS JUNIOR
An obstacle for the use of Lasers of high intensity as the high
rotation in Dentistry is the small amount of tissue removed by
second. This study analyzes, in vitro, the interaction of USPL
of Ti:safire (830 nm), with the enamel of bovine central incisors, a no thermal process plasma mediated. The Center of
Lasers and Applications of IPEN is developing a T3 system
and has already achieved potencies higher than 10 GW. A main
oscillator was integrated to an amplifier (technique CPA –
Chirped Pulse Amplification). The pulses extracted before the
temporal compression of the pulse presented 830 nm, 30 ps,
1000 Hz and ~1 mJ. The pulses extracted after the temporal
compression, presented 830 nm, 60 fs, 1000 Hz and ~0,7 mJ.
The M2 was 1,3, the focal lens was 2,5 cm, the focal distance
was 29,7 cm and the table of translation x-y-z was computerized. We quantify the mass extracted per pulse, calculated the
volume extracted per pulse and the cavity depth. We found the
ablation depth of 0,4 mm/pulse representing 50% of the high
rotation system used in Dentistry. Knowing that the low level
of acoustic noise and the reduction of pain surpass the produced results using high rotation system, we concluded that the
USPL (Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation) has a promising future in Dentistry. The important is to
continue studying USPL to be able to determine fluencies that
surpass the efficiency of tissue removed by second.
OP023
The role of Laser Phototherapy in nerve tissue regeneration
and repair: Research development with perspective for clinical application
SHIMON ROCHKIND
Laser phototherapy induces nerve cell activation, affects nerve
cell metabolism and induces nerve processes sprouting. Our
previous studies investigating the effects of low power laser irradiation 632.8 and 780nm on injured peripheral nerves of rats
have found protective immediate effects which increase the
functional activity of the injured peripheral nerve, maintain
functional activity of the injured nerve over time, decrease or
prevent scar tissue formation at the injured site, prevent or decrease degeneration in corresponding motor neurons of the
spinal cord and significantly increase axonal growth and myelinization. Moreover, direct laser irradiation of the spinal cord
improves recovery of the corresponding injured peripheral nerve.
A clinical double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized study
was performed to measure the effectiveness of laser phototherapy on patients who had been suffering from incomplete peripheral nerve and brachial plexus injuries for 6 months up to
several years. This study shows that in long-term peripheral
nerve injured patients low power laser irradiation can progressively improve peripheral nerve function, which leads to significant functional recovery. Recently, biodegradable composite
OP022
Laser—Magnetic implantation (LMPl) in cases of spinal cord
traumas
GEORGI I. IVANOV; GENKO M. KANEV; NELY D.
NESHEVSKA
Basic field in the “re-creation” of nerve tissue, in a non surgery
way. Expanded clinical results. Control over the “Re-creation”
process—apparatuses 1th generation. G.Ivanov (Center for
Modern Medicine, Quantum Therapy and Rehabilitation Plovdiv, Bulgaria). I. LMPl as a field leading to internal, private
emission in the section of the spinal cord lesion. Characteristic
of the field: a/ material (physical); b/ informative-frequencyresonant; c/ dualistic: destructive (LAZER pressure); creative—
conserning the clinical results; d/ spetial external, totally covering the entire spinal cord, but also totaly internal for whole
nerve structures; e/ capacity; f/ structural. Characteristic of the
94
13904ABS.PGS
2/14/05
1:54 PM
Page 95
2004 ABSTRACTS WALT
consortium or control it. Oral bacterias can resist to antibiotics
and local antiseptics. Photodynamic therapy involves the use
of light activated drugs, which may offer an alternative approach to the use of traditional antimicrobial agents. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of photodynamic
therapy in supragingival biofilm bacterial reduction. Supragingival biofilm samples presented on intact first permanent molars (n=10) were collected after a 24 hour hygiene interruption
and treated with toluidine blue O 0,005% and a InGaAlP diode
laser (l=635nm, P=8 mW, energy density= 50J/cm2 and PIT= 2
minutes). The samples were collected before and immediately
after the proposed therapy; while in control group the supragingival biofilm samples (n=9) were treated exclusively with
toluidine blue O 0,005% for 2 minutes. In the microbiologic
analysis, in experimental group, the White group of bacteria
presented significant results of death evolution (p=0,01%)
compared to the control group, however, S.mutans, a bacteria
of White group, present no significant reductions among the
moments before and immediately after photodynamic therapy
(death evolution) comparing to control group. Black pigmented
bacterias also presents no statistically significant differences in
death evolution compared to control group (p>0,05%). Photodynamic therapy with lethal photosensitization can, therefore,
be considered as a possible new alternative approach for a
biofilm reduction and control in oral diseases biofilm related.
transplant based on cell tissue-engineering technology was
used for the treatment of complete peripheral nerve and spinal
cord injury in rats. The laser phototherapy was applied as a
supportive factor for accelerating and enhancing axonal growth
and regeneration after reconstructive peripheral nerve and spinal
cord procedures. The significance of this innovative methodology will be the provision of new nerve tissue-engineering
modality and laser technology for treatment of complete peripheral nerve and spinal cord injury.
OP024
Evaluation of secondary dentin formation applying two fluences of Low Level Laser
GIRLENE EVANGELISTA PREZOTTO VILLA; CATIRSE,
A.B.E.B.; LIZARELLI, R. F. Z.
Cervical dentin sensibility is a frequent symptom in clinical
practice, dificulting several restorative and prothetic procedures. Quick formation of repairment dentine is very convenient, mainly when pulp is almost exposed. Dental defense and
repairment dentine formation is a very slow process. This study
evaluated pulpar response and determine formation “in vivo”,
when low density laser was applied (diodo semiconductor laser
equipament, 780nm, infrared- MMOptics Brazil). Fiber optics
were used to apply light beam into a class V cavity preparation,
padronized in pig’s tooth. Light beam was applied on dentine of
upper and down incisors and apex of each tooth. Three animals
were used and four teeth in each one were tested. This procedure was repeated 3 times, with a 72 h break of time. The cavity was sealed after each application with inert material. Two
fluences were used, 12,8 J/cm2 (10 mW during 10 secs) and
89,7 J/ cm2 (70 mW during 10 secs). Histological studies were
conducted at two distincts periods of time (7 and 45 days),
using optic microscopy and software KS 300, version 2.0—
Germany—Karl Zeiss. According to data obtained by non
parametric statistical analysis with Kruskal-Wallis test, the results with 7 days period showed significant difference at 5%
level between control group and the 12,8 J/cm2 laser group.
Fluence of 12,8 J/cm2 and 89,7J/cm2 were different at 1%.
Comparing control group and 89,7 J/cm2 laser group, there
were no significant difference within the 45 days, there were
no significant difference between the 2 fluences; and control
and fluence’s groups. Conclusion: using this methodology it
was possible to demonstrate that in 7 days period, low density
laser (12,8 J cm2) was able to stimulate positively, accelerating
odontoblast’s process, when compared control group and 89,7
J/cm2 fluence. There was a delay in this process using high fluence laser. After 45 days, the aumont of repairment dentine
was equal between the fluences and betweem control group
and fluences groups.
OP026
Photodynamic Therapy as a disinfection alternative for carious deciduous dentin: a human in vivo microbiological study
GISELLE RODRIGUES DE SANT’ANNA; DANILO ANTÔNIO
DUARTE; MARIA REGINA L SIMIONATO
Dental caries is an infectious chronic invasive process of mineralized teeth tissues (enamel, dentine and cement), biofilm and
sucrose-dependent, in which, the responsible organisms include
Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus, Lactobacillus
casei and Actinomyces viscosus. The dentin lesions treatment
involves mechanical removal of healthy dental tissue for the
lesion access and softened and infected tissue removal. A therapeutic technique for wide and small prepares or cavities that
can eliminate the bacteria with consequent reduction of necessary tissue removal can be advantageous. Recent studies have
demonstrated that a number of oral bacteria can be killed with
Photodynamic therapy. The aim of this study was to determine
whether photodynamic therapy using toluidine blue O as photosensitizer was effective in disinfecting human carious dentin.
Samples of in vivo decayed dentine of deciduous teeth (n=29)
were treated with 0.005% toluidine blue O and sensitized with
a InGaAlP diode laser (l= 635nm, P=8 mW and PIT= 3 minutes) and were then collected before, immediately after and 90
days after the proposed therapy; the control group (n=19) were
treated exclusively with 0.005% toluidine blue O dye (3 minutes). In microbiological analysis UFCs were counted in the
samples. With time the two groups presented significant mortality rates (p < 0.01). However, if differences between times
were evaluated, the experimental group presented differences
among the 3 times, before, immediately after and 90 days after
(p < 0.01), whilst, the control group did not demonstrate evidence of significant differences among the times before and
immediately after. The median differences between the before
OP025
Photodynamic Therapy in supragingival biofilm: in vivo
human microbiological study
GISELLE RODRIGUES DE SANT’ANNA; ANGÉLICA BEDANTE; MARIA REGINA L SIMIONATO; DANILO ANTÔNIO
DUARTE
Dental biofilm bacterias are responsible for buccal pathologies
as dental caries and periodontal disease. Therefore, there is a
considerable interest in procedures to eliminate this bacterial
95
13904ABS.PGS
2/14/05
1:54 PM
Page 96
2004 ABSTRACTS WALT
biological mechanisms of action for laser therapy. The second is
to identify dose-response patterns for those mechanisms, and
the third is to perform high quality randomised controlled trials
to verify (or refute) the anticipated effect. However, gaining acceptance is not only decided by the scientific evidence alone.
Political, professional and financial interests may act strongly
to discredit the scientific efforts. As laser therapy may also be a
competitor to pharmaceutical agents, conflict of interests may
occur. In this arena, gaining support from within the professional organisations by presenting solid scientific data is essential for achieving acceptance. It is also paramount to establish
guidelines for good clinical practice where both advantages and
shortcomings of laser therapy are recognised. Current clinical
practice varies widely and often suffer from poor selection of
unsuitable diagnoses and treatment procedures/dosages that
lack scientific support. A joint effort by researchers, clinicians
and producers is needed to avoid malpractice and establish laser
therapy as a safe and effective clinical tool.
and immediately after moments were significant among experimental and control groups (p < 0.01). The differences between
immediately after and 90 days post were not significant, neither
were the differences between before moment and 90 days post
treatment. Experimental group presents 65,91% ± 28,58% bacterial reduction immediately after the therapy and 92,96% ±
15,41% 90 days after, while control group demonstrated
36,85% ± 27,56% immediately after and 89,09% ± 18,62% 90
days after. Photodynamic Therapy was effective in carious
dentin disinfections.
OP027
Ultrastructural sem analysis of carious deciduous dentin
after biomodulation with Photodynamic Therapy
GISELLE RODRIGUES DE SANT’ANNA; DANILO ANTÔNIO
DUARTE; MARIA REGINA L SIMIONATO
Dental caries is an infectious chronic invasive process of mineralized teeth tissues. Dentine constitutes the main tooth tissue and
gives its general form. It possesses organic and inorganic material and is characterized as being a hard tissue with tubules in all
its thickness. Low level laser acts as dentine bioestimulator
drawing odontoblasts in a line, intensifying secondary dentine
production and dentinal tubules obliteration. Indeed, laser increases collagen synthesis, which represents a pulpal positive
answer in front of carious process. The aim of this study was to
determine whether photodynamic therapy using low level laser
and toluidine blue O as photosensitizer demonstrated some ultrastructural modification in human carious dentin. Samples of
in vivo decayed dentine of deciduous teeth (n=29) were treated
with 0.005% toluidine blue O and sensitized with a InGaAlP
diode laser (l= 635nm, P=8 mW and PIT= 3 minutes) and were
then collected before, immediately after and 90 days after the
proposed therapy; the control group (n=19) were treated exclusively with 0.005% toluidine blue O dye (3 minutes). Using
SEM, in general, it was observed, in the samples of control
group larger bacteria amount, demineralization and bacterial invasion. In the experimental group samples, organized dentin surface immediately after photodynamic therapy with evident
amorphous masses suggested bacterial death. It was observed
also in this group, reduction in bacterial amount and the establishment of the tubular organization with dentinal tubular narrowing evidence or tubular sclerosis. After 90 days dentin tissue
reorganization suggestive of tubular sclerosis was observed in
the experimental group (no disease activity), while the control
group demonstrated evidence of dentin collagen disorganization. The peritubular dentine disappearance and the fibrous aspect of intertubular dentine evidence were observed in this
group and undoubtedly recognizable as resultant of tissue acid
dissolution related to the bacterial activity and therefore to the of
organic component degradation phenomena (disease activity).
OP029
Low Level Laser Therapy in development anomalies: amelogenesis imperfecta. Case report
GISELLE RODRIGUES DE SANT’ANNA
Development anomalies as Amelogenesis and Dentinogenesis
Imperfecta are more prevalent. Amelogenesis Imperfecta (AI)
is mainly the reserved term for the inherited development defects of enamel, presenting just as enamel defects in decorrence
the fact it is an ectoderm disturbance. Amelogenesis Imperfecta consequent problems are in general of aesthetic order,
dental sensibility, dimension occlusion vertical loss. Dental problems severity, however, varies in each type of AI. Dental sensibility to heat and cold are common complaints in patients with
AI. The most severe problems are found in the AI variants with
less amount of enamel, as in the case of hypocalcified and hypoplasic. The increased sensibility of permanent teeth in eruption probably contributes to a refusal as well as effectiveness
of oral hygiene, and as consequence the calculus accumulation,
periodontal pocket formation and creation of a favorable niche
for periodontal disease. Dental structure optical properties and
induced Laser changes in neural transmission chains of dental
pulp are evidences to indicate Low Level Laser to treat dental
hypersensitivity in this case. This case report intends to present
Low Level Laser Therapy as a therapeutic instrument to the
dentist’s reach to treat dentinal hypersensitivity in Amelogenesis Imperfecta patient, promoting buccal environment adequation with sensibility reduction that will allow the appropriate
oral hygiene and subsequent buccal rehabilitation.
OP030
5 things you should know about LLLT laser beam measurement and dosage
JAMES CARROLL
Diode laser wavelength is rarely as claimed on product labels
and then the wavelength changes with temperature. Diode laser
output power is rarely as claimed on the product labels and then
it changes with temperature too. Diode laser beams are hard to
measure. They are almost never round, collimated, or homogeneous. At best they can be described as being elliptical and having a Gaussian distribution. How do we measure and calculate
the area of elliptical, Gaussian distribution beam? Reporting
OP028
Establishing Laser Therapy as a valuable theraputic tool—
Our experience
JAN MAGNUS BJORDAL; CHRISTIAN COUPPE
Establishing acceptance for laser therapy as a valuable and therapeutic tool has been a difficult task. Our objective has been to
rely on scientific evidence, as this would be the strongest foundation against any criticism. From this point we based our strategy on three scientific pillars. The first is to find credible
96
13904ABS.PGS
2/14/05
1:54 PM
Page 97
2004 ABSTRACTS WALT
pital in 2000 beginning the clinical application. The oral carcinoma is the second major type treated after only the non-melanoma skin cancer. As the photosensitizer we used Photogemñ, a
hematoporphyrin derivative, and the illumination was performed 24–36 hours after the IV administration, with laser at
630 nm. The light intensity and dose varied depending on the
lesion characteristics between 150 and 350 mW/cm2 and 100
and 250 J, respectively. The common clinical signs were:
edema, erythema and pain, all resulted by inflammatory and
death processes. The illumination of the lesions were performed
with no anesthesia support, the pain was controlled with pain
killer medicine. Our results showed that the PDT, when correctly indicated, is an efficient technique in the treatment of malignant oral lesions, mainly of the superficial ones, with the
advantages of being an ambulatory procedure, selective tumor
destruction and no major adverse effects comparing to radiotherapy. The most important drawback is the skin and ocular
photosensitivity induced for 4 weeks.
Joules only is an inadequate expression of dosage. If we increase
the power ten times and reduce the time to one tenth we have the
same Joules but will we get the same result? J/cm2 is a grossly
inadequate method of reporting dosage. A 1mW laser, with a
0.001cm2 beam area used for 4 second = 4J/cm2 A 500mW laser
with 1cm2 beam area used for 8 seconds = 4J/cm2 They are both
the same “dosage” but will you get the same result ? These issues will be illustrated and solutions proposed.
OP031
Steroids block the anti-inflammatory effect of Low Level
Laser Therapy
RODRIGO ALVARO BRANDÃO LOPES-MARTINS; REGIANE
ALBERTINI; PATRÍCIA SARDINHA LEONARDO LOPES
MARTINS; ANDREIA DELLU FRANCO; HUGO CAIRE
CASTRO FARIA NETO; JAN MAGNUS BJORDAL
Interventions with anti-inflammatory actions such as steroids
and nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drugs are frequently used in
the treatment of rheumatic and musculoskeletal pain. Recent
studies from ours and other research groups have shown that
low level laser therapy (LLLT) also has an anti-inflammatory
effect. Clinical LLLT-studies have produced less homogeneous
results, and non-optimal LLLT-dosage has been identified as a
key factor for this. However, poor clinical results may also
caused by pharmacological co-interventions that block the antiinflammatory effect of LLLT. In the present study, we used the
classical experimental mice-model of carrageenan-induced
pleurisy, to investigate if the anti-inflammatory effect of low
power laser therapy could be blocked by the steroid agent
mifepristone. For the intervention group, mifepristone was injected into the pleural cavity an hour prior to the carrageenan
injection. Pleurisy was then induced by an intrathoracic injection of carrageenan (0.5mg/cavity), or LPS from E. coli (250
ng/ cavity) in mice. Laser irradiation (650 nm) was then carried
out three times with hourly intervals at the skin of the injection
site for both groups. LLLT was administered with a previously
established optimal accumulated dose of 7.5 J/cm2. While
LLLT after 4 hours effectively reduced inflammation almost to
pre-injection levels of neutrophil cell counts (1.1110 (6),
[95% CI: 0.41–1.82]), the anti-inflammatory effect was blocked
after pre-injection of mifepristone (5.9410(6), [95% CI:
4.83–7.04]). The implications of these findings are that steroid
therapy should be avoided in conjunction with LLLT, and that
clinical LLLT-studies violating this precaution, should be excluded from reviews and meta-analyses of LLLT.
OP033
Fluorescence diagnosis of malignant lesions
CRISTINA KURACHI; JULIANA FERREIRA; PRISCILA
DEOLINDA S LUCATO; SERGIO ZUCOLOTO; ORLANDO
DE CASTRO E SILVA JR.; VANDERLEI SALVADOR BAGNATO
Fluorescence spectroscopy is a powerful technique for the discrimination and quantification of solutes in chemical compounds.
In the last decade the fluorescence has been introduced as an optical tool for evaluating biological tissues, especially for differentiation of normal and malignant lesions. The fluorescence emission
can be used for this diagnosis purpose since its behavior is dependent on the main characteristics of the investigated tissue, the biochemical composition and the architectural organization. An
excitation laser, a Y-type probe, a polichromator and a computer
compose the fluorescence system. As light sources two lasers are
used: HeCd (442 nm) and doubled Nd:YAG (532 nm). The fluorescence spectroscopic patterns for induced tongue carcinoma in
an animal model were determined for both excitations. Different
types of spectra processing were performed in order to achieve
better contrast between normal and neoplasic. The better results
obtained were of 94.04% confirmed by histomorphology, 3.40%
of false-positive and 2.56% of false-negative. The fluorescence
fingerprint and the spectra processing for each kind of lesion
must be established. The main advantage of this technique is that
a real time response is obtained through a non-invasive and nondestructive procedure. Our experience shows that the fluorescence spectroscopy has a great potential as an auxiliary tool for
diagnosis of malignant lesions. Work supported by FAPESP
(CePOF).
OP032
PDT for the treatment of oral lesions
CRISTINA KURACHI; JULIANA FERREIRA; GUILHERME
ANTÔNIO CESTARI FILHO; VANDERLEI SALVADOR
BAGNATO
The most common application of Photodynamic Therapy
(PDT) is the treatment of malignant lesions, especially the superficial ones due to their direct irradiation access. For the oral
lesions, PDT is indicated as a curative procedure to the thinner
ones and as a palliative to the thicker ones. This technique is a
type of photochemotherapy; it involves the use of a photosensitizer with selective retention in tumoral cells, its activation by
light and the induced reactions taking to cell necrosis. Our
group established a partnership with the Amaral Carvalho Hos-
OP034
Laser Photochemotherapy for cancer: the development of a
concept and future possibilities
MARCOS B. PAIVA; CHARLES J. GOMER; PHIL S. CHUNG;
ADRIEN A. ESHRAGUI; DAN J. CASTRO; ROMAINE E.
SAXTON
The effectiveness of combining surgery with chemo- and radiation therapy in treatment of human cancer provides a useful
model for further development of new multimodality approaches
including laser photo-chemotherapy. Laser endoscopy often is
a useful treatment for obstructive tumors in airways, but inter97
13904ABS.PGS
2/14/05
1:54 PM
Page 98
2004 ABSTRACTS WALT
aim of this study was to verify at molecular level, how the sterilization process and the different Er:YAG laser energies, affect the dentin components that are involved in the adhesion
process. Twelve non-carious human third molars were divided
in two main groups: six teeth were stored in thymol solution
(group A) and other six teeth were autoclaved (group B). The
occlusal enamel was removed and the surface was divided into
three schematic regions resulting in three subgroups: treatment
with 37% phosphoric acid (control group—C) and treated with
the Er:YAG laser (KaVo Key Laser II – Germany, l=2.94mm)
(Group I: 80mJ, 3Hz, 30s.; Group II: 120mJ, 3Hz, 30s.). Dispersive Raman Spectroscopy analyzed the dentin surfaces before and after the treatment. The organic component (Amide
III) was analyzed and the relative area of the peak at 1245cm-1
was calculated. The ANOVA and Bonferroni test were performed. Non-significant statistical differences (nsP>0.05)
were found between the groups A-C, B-C e A-I after the surface treatment. Reduction in the relative area of the peak at
1245cm-1 with significant difference were found for the
groups B-I (*P<0.05), A-II (*P<0.05) e B-II (**P<0.01) after
the treatment. The organic dentin content was more affected in
autoclaved teeth. The treatment with thymol in the control
group and I showed to be the most conservative procedures.
Pulse energy of 120mJ showed to produce more reduction in
the amide III content.
stitial laser fiberoptics is becoming a more precise, minimally
invasive alternative for ablation of unresectable or recurrent
neoplasms. Combining intratumor chemotherapy with laser
energy delivery via interstitial fiberoptics should be most effective using drugs activated by photothermal energy. A number
of investigators have shown that anthracyclines and cisplatinum are likely candidates for light or heat activation in
cancer cells. An advantage of anthracyclines is their dual role
as antitumor drugs and as photosensitizers. Because they are
effective chemotherapy agents without photoactivation, two
approaches are possible to increase tumor responses. Maximum tolerated dose followed by photo-illumination via laser
fiberoptics can be used to obtain better tumor palliation. Improved treatment response to lower intratumor drug levels after
laser activation also should reduce systemic toxicity. Finally,
preclinical studies and recent case reports from several groups
suggest photochemotherapy with currently approved drugs and
lasers may soon become an attractive alternative for treatment
of recurrent tumors in cancer patients.
OP035
Effects of Low Intensity Laser Therapy (780 nm) in temporomandibular disorders: electromiographic, pain and bite force
analysis
CASSIUS GUILHERME FARINA; MARCOS DUARTE; MATSUYOSHI MORI; MARTHA SIMÕES RIBEIRO; DENISE
MARIA ZEZELL
The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of low intensity laser therapy (LILT) associated or not to occlusal
splints in patients with Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD).
Pain, open mouth, muscular functions, and bite force were
measured. Ten patients were selected and divided into three
groups: laser (GL), laser + occlusal splint (GLO) and occlusal
splint (GO). In the first visit, the patients answered a Mc.Gill’s
short form. In each visit, open mouth was measured, and the
patients filled a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) form. Electromiography (EMG) in both sides of masseter and temporal muscles was performed in the first visit, and one week latter. For
EMG and the bite force measurements, an occlusal splint was
positioned over the tooth in both arcades and then a transducer
was positioned for the tasks. The EMG was measured with 0%
(relaxed), 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% of maximum voluntary
contraction (MVC). The laser therapy was performed during 4
sessions with an interval of 48 h. The laser used was a continuous wave GaAlAs, 780nm. The dose was 25 J/cm2 in three
points of TMJ, 15 J/cm2 in two points of masseter muscle as
well as in three points of temporal muscle and in one point of
pterigoid muscles. Patients from GLO showed a higher open
mouth and pain relief than other groups. These findings suggest that LILT associated to occlusal splints could improve
treatment of TMD. Acknowledgements: FAPESP, CNPq.
OP037
Influence of the teeth sterilization method in the organic and
inorganic dentin component: a Raman spectroscopy study
LUÍS EDUARDO SILVA SOARES; AIRTON A. MARTIN;
ALDO BRUGNERA JUNIOR; FÁTIMA ZANIN
Concerns of infection control related to the handling of teeth
samples for research purposes have prompted investigators to
evaluate the effects of disinfection/sterilization on extracted
teeth. It is unknown whether autoclave sterilization of extracted teeth affects or not the dentinal structure. The aim of
this study was to verify at molecular level, how the sterilization
process affect the organic and inorganic dentin components
that are involved in the adhesion process. Twelve non-carious
human third molars were divided in two groups: six teeth were
stored in thymol solution (group A) and other six teeth were
autoclaved (group B). The occlusal enamel was removed and
the relative amounts of the dentin components were measured
by Dispersive Raman spectroscopy before and after the 37%
phosphoric acid treatment. The samples were excited by a
Ti:Saphire laser pumped by an Argon laser. The semi-quantitative evaluation of the changes in mineral and organic structures
were done by calculating the relative area of the peaks at
962cm-1 (PO4) and 1660cm-1 (Amide I). The ANOVA and
Bonferroni test were performed. After the surface been treated,
non-significant statistical differences (nsP>0.05) were found in
the group A, for the peak at 1660cm-1. However, significant
reduction (*P<0.05) in the Amide I component was found for
the group B. Statistical difference was found with reduction in
the relative area of the PO4 component for the specimens of
the group A (*P<0.05) and for the group B (*** P<0.001).
Raman spectra showed that the treatment with thymol was
more conservative.
OP036
A Raman spectroscopy investigation of dentin component modified by teeth sterilization method and Er:YAG Laser irradiation
LUÍS EDUARDO SILVA SOARES; AIRTON A. MARTIN;
ALDO BRUGNERA JUNIOR; FÁTIMA ZANIN
Currently the intra-oral model for in vitro studies uses teeth
specimens that have been disinfected by several methods. The
98
13904ABS.PGS
2/14/05
1:54 PM
Page 99
2004 ABSTRACTS WALT
tinuous-combined-group. Finally, morphological analysis of repaired nerves showed that LLLT accelerates the regeneration
process of nerve fibers. Altogether these results, considering
also the few known side effects related to the use LLLT, allow
suggesting that the time for clinical trials has come.
OP038
A new application of Low Level Laser Therapy for treatment
pain in patients submitted to a cardiac surgery
IVANY MACHADO DE CARVALHO BAPTISTA; MARIA C.
CHAVANTES; NARA SOJI
Background/Objective: The pain on the sternotomy wound due
to cardiac surgery can lead to hemodynamics alterations and
difficult recuperation to the postoperatory patients. The Low
Level Laser Therapy can to control the inflammatory process.
Therefore we are looking forward to reduce the pain after sternotomy. Materials/Methods: We analyzed forty patients after
sternotomy and divided it into into two groups: Control Group:
submitted to conventional therapeutic Hospital scheme and
Laser Group: applied the AlGaAs laser irradiation under preventive form on the surgical incision. The laser was CW Diodo
with wavelength of 655 nm; intensity dose = 8J/cm2; surrounding the surgery incision and starting from the first twelve hours
of Post-Operative (PO), 3rd PO and 6th PO. We used the Visual Analogic Scale (VAS), in order to analysed the pain related to the wound. Results: We observed in the 3° PO an
average of 4,5 to the intensity pain into the Control Group, and
2,8 intensity of Laser Group. We encountered in the 6° PO an
average of 4,1 intensity pain to Control Group, and 2,7 intensity of Laser Group. Conclusion: We concluded that Low Level
Laser Therapy is less invasive procedure that can to decrease
pain in sternotomy wound with highly efficiency. Keywords:
Low Level Laser Therapy, Pain, Sternotomy
OP040
FT-Raman spectroscopy for optical diagnosis of breast carcinomas
RENATA ANDRADE BITAR CARTER; CARLOS JULIO TIERRA
CRIOLLO; LEANDRA NÁIRA ZAMBELLI RAMALHO; AIRTON ABRAHÃO MARTIN
Histopathology remains the gold standard technique for the diagnosis of epithelial neoplasia in breast cancer, but it is highly
subjective and relies on blind biopsy targeting. The aim of this
study was to identify and classify breast cancer ex vivo by FTRaman spectroscopy, which is a rapid, non-invasive, molecular
specific analytical technique. The Raman spectra were measured
on 161 histopathologically homogeneous breast specimens (31
normal breast, 28 fibrocystic disease, and 102 infiltrante ductal
carcinoma) obtained from 35 patients. The FT-type Raman
Spectroscopy system was used for breast tissue analyses with a
1064nm excitation line. High-quality Raman spectra in the
600–2200cm-1 range from human breast tissue ex vivo could
be obtained in five to six minutes. Spectral classification models were developed using t-test for the prediction of pathology.
Histopathology and Raman classification results were compared.
FT-Raman spectroscopy differentiated normal, fibrocystic diseases from infiltrated carcinoma with high diagnostic accuracy. Raman spectroscopy appears to provide a highly sensitive
and specific technique for the identification and classification
of breast cancer. Keywords: Breast Cancer; optical; diagnosis;
Raman spectroscopy.
OP039
Low Level Laser Therapy effects on posttraumatic peripheral
nerve recovery
STEFANO GEUNA; D. GIGO BENATO, P. TOS; A. DE CASTRO
RODRIGUES, N. PARIZOTTO
The sought for effective rehabilitation strategies to enhance
posttraumatic nerve regeneration is a major challenge of today
rehabilitation medicine. Since low-level-laser-therapy (LLLT)
has been proposed as a potential physiotherapeutic approach for
promoting posttraumatic nerve recovery, we have carried out an
in-depth critical analysis of the published papers reporting the
results of experimental studies on LLLT effects on nerve regeneration. Results showed that, although relevant differences were
found with respect to the experimental protocols adopted, 90%
of studies published so far reported the occurrence of a positive
effect of LLLT on nerve recovery. In addition, we have investigated the effects of post-operative LLLT on median nerves
repaired by means end-to-side neurorrhaphy in the rat experimental model. Operated animals were divided into four groups:
one un-treated control group and three experimental groups that
received LLLT 3 times a week, for 3 weeks, starting from day-1
post-operative. Three types of LLLT were used: continuous (808
nm), pulsate (905 nm) and the combination of the two. While no
sign of motor function and muscle trophism recovery was detectable in un-treated animals, in laser-treated animals, motor
function recovery at the time of nerve withdrawal was 8.8±8%
in the pulsate-group, 35.3±22% in the continuous-group and
61.6±20% in the pulsate-continuous-combined-group. Muscle
trophism recovery was 71.4±15% in the pulsate-group, 80.1±
30% in the continuous-group and 100±10% in the pulsate-con-
OP041
Photodynamic Therapy in decontamination of caries-like
bovine teeth
JUÇAÍRA STELLA MARTINS GIUSTI; VANDERLEI SALVADOR BAGNATO; ANTONIO CARLOS PIZZOLITTO; LOURDES DOS SANTOS-PINTO
Nowadays, the concept of “minimally invasive dentistry” says
that we should remove the minimal amount of dental tissue. In
this way, it would be interesting that remaining tissue could be
free from bacteria to enable its own recuperation. Since the
1990’s, photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been used to kill oral
bacteria and the most common light used is the LASER light,
but since the beginning of the 2000’s, the light emitted by LED
has been used in the medical field for doing PDT. The aim of
this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of PDT on decontamination of caries-like bovine teeth using LED as light source.
Thirty-six samples measuring 3.02.41.5 mm were obtained
from bovine teeth that were cut with a slow-speed diamond
blade. The samples were incubated for 14 days at 370C in candle jars in a BIH modified solution (5.0mL) containing Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus casei (0.1 mL, 108 UFC/mL)
that were changed each 48 hours. After this period the samples
were immersed in the photosensitizer (Photogem 1000, 2000 e
3000 pg/mL) for 60 s and exposed to LED light for 60 s (D =
24 J/cm2) and 120 s (D = 48 J/cm2). We have observed that in
99
13904ABS.PGS
2/14/05
1:54 PM
Page 100
2004 ABSTRACTS WALT
the absence of photosensitizer there is no bacterial death, when
the samples are exposed to the light. The presence of the photosensitizer has an effect on bacterial death even in the absence
of light, but this effect grows when we improve the concentration of the drug and light dose.
beculae at the end of the experimental period (30 days) on irradiated animals compared to non irradiated ones. It is concluded
that a positive biomodulative effect on the healing process of
one defects associated or not to the use of bBMPs and biological membrane on the femur of the rat.
OP042
Using Laser Therapy on the lymphatic drainage technique
LUCIANA ALMEIDA LOPES; ATTILIO LOPES
The main goal of this paper is to describe the use of Laser
Therapy in the lymphatic drainage in the treatment of different
diseases which have in common the presence of inflammation,
condition that affects almost 100% of the dental office patients.
The Lasertherapy has been frequently used in dental offices due
to its analgesic, anti-inflammatory (activating the lymphatic
system) and healing (scarring) effects. Recent researches demonstrated that the biostimulating effect of the laser is not only
limited to the mammals but this has also been found in virus
and bacterial microorganisms submitted to laser irradiation.
For this reason the use of the Laser Therapy directly over highly
contaminated lesions is not recommended, especially in immunedepressed patients. The lymphatic drainage has been frequently used for medical purposes in cosmetic and aesthetic
treatments. In the dental field, this technique is not commonly
used, although it is very effective in some inflammatory processes, and when dealing with acute infectious processes (such
as pericoronitis, endodontic abscesses, alveolites and herpes)
the Laser Therapy could be effectively used through the lymphatic drainage of the area, mediating the inflammation and
avoiding the direct irradiation on the infection contaminated
area. This technique aims to activate the lymphatic drainage in
the region by the irradiation of an infrared laser on the lymphonodes which are responsible for the region affected by the
inflammation. Laser applications are held with the tip of the instrument directly on the lymphonodes, using a fluency of 70 J/
cm2 in each lymphonode. Two sessions are made with a twoday interval between them.
OP044
Effect of 830 nm Laser light on the bone repair of the defects
grafted with organic and mineral bovine bone in rats
MARLENY ELIZABETH MÁRQUEZ DE MARTÍNEZ GERBI;
FRANCISCO LIMEIRA JÚNIOR; ELIZABETH ARRUDA
PONZI; ANTONIO PINHEIRO; LUCIANA RAMALHO; MARIA
HELENA CATÃO
The aim of this work was to evaluate the effectiveness of the
Low Level Laser therapy—LLLT (AsGaAl, l830nm, 40mW,
CW, f~0,6mm) in the repair of bone defects (3mm2) submitted
to organic and anorganic bovine bone graft implantation in
femur of Wistar albinus rats (42 animals). The sample was divided in 05 Groups: Group I (control, 06 animals); Group II
(Organic Bone graft Gen-oxå, 09 animals); Group III (Organic
Bone Graft Gen-oxå; + Laser, 09 animals); Group IV (Anorganic Bone Graft Gen-oxå, 09 animals); Group V (Anorganic
Bone Graft Gen-oxå + Laser, 09 animals). The irradiated groups,
received seven irradiations at every 48 hours, being immediately the first after the surgical procedure. The dosimetry was
of 16J/cm2 per session, divided in four points of 4J/cm2. The
sacrifice periods were of 15, 21 and 30 days. The obtained results demonstrated that in the irradiated groups, it was observed an improved and faster bone repair, evidenced by the
largest concentration of collagen fibers in the period of 15 and
21 days and for a larger bone new formation and a well organized bone trabeculae at the end of period (30 days), when
compared with the control group. Both biomaterials favored
bone neoformation inside of the defect, even if acting for different mechanisms. It is concluded that LLLT associated to
organic or anorganic bovine bone graft resulted in bioestimulation effect on the repair of the bone defects.
OP043
Lasertherapy, BMPs and membrane in bone regeneration
MARLENY ELIZABETH MÁRQUEZ DE MARTÍNEZ GERBI;
FRANCISCO LIMEIRA JÚNIOR; ELIZABETH ARRUDA
PONZI; ANTONIO PINHEIRO; LUCIANA RAMALHO;
APARECIDA MÁRQUES
The aim of the present investigation was to assess histologically the effect of Lasertherapy (AsGaAl, 830nm, 40mW, CW,
f ~0,6mm, 16J/cm2 per session, divided into four points of
4J/cm2) on the repair of surgical defects created in the femur of
the Wistar rat. The defects were filled to bone morphogenetic
protein (Genproå, bBMPs) associated or not to GTR (Gendermå). Surgical bone defects were created in n=60, divided
into five groups: Group I (control – n=12); Group II (Laser –
n=12); Group III (bBMPs – n=12); Group IV (bBMPs+ Laser –
n=12); Group V (bBMPs+ Membrane – n=12); Group VI
(bBMPs+ Membrane + Laser – n=12). The animals on the irradiated groups received the first irradiation immediately after
surgery and repeated seven times at every 48h. The animals
were sacrificed after 15, 21 and 30 days. The results showed
histological evidence of improved amount of collagen fibers
(15, 21 days) and increased amount of well organized bone tra-
OP045
Low Energy Laser Therapy effects on mucositis induced by
5-fluorouracil in hamsters
JUNIA CAROLINA LINHARES FERRARI DOS SANTOS;
NANCY TOMOCO SACONO; CARLOS ALBERTO DE SOUZA
COSTA; FABIO DE ABREU E LIMA
The malignant neoplastic diseases are usually controlled by
immunosuppressive treatments such as chemotherapy. However,
the chemotherapeutic drugs produce acute side effects like oral
mucositis, a frequent complication. The purpose of this study
is to evaluate if an InGaAlP low level laser irradiation protocol
can prevent or reduce the severity of chemotherapy-induced
mucositis in hamsters. The induction was accomplished in 30
animals by intraperitoneal injections of 5-fluorouracil and abrasion of the cheek pouches with a wire brush. The scratched
area of the experimental group (15 animals) was irradiated for
7 consecutive days. Laser illumination consisted of a continuous 685nm wavelength, power of 35 mW and dose of 12 J/cm2.
The animals were observed and weighed daily and the cheek
pouches were everted and photographed from day 4 until day
15. The pictures were randomized and classified according to
the severity of mucositis by two observers, by means of a 6-
100
13904ABS.PGS
2/14/05
1:54 PM
Page 101
2004 ABSTRACTS WALT
degree scale. The Mann-Whitney test revealed significant statistic differences between the groups, with less severe mucositis
in the animals that received laser irradiation (P<0.01). In the
experimental group, the peak of mucositis was considered degree 3 and observed in just 8% of the sample. In the control
group more severe mucositis was observed—degree 3 present
in 29,3% of the sample, degree 4 in 2,1% and degree 5 in 7,9%.
Although it has not prevented the appearance of oral manifestations, the low intensity laser irradiation protocol established
for this study reduced the severity of mucositis and accelerated
the healing process.
OP046
Organization of collagen fibers following low-intensity polarized Laser Therapy
DANIELA DE FÁTIMA TEIXEIRA DA SILVA; BENEDICTO
DE CAMPOS VIDAL; DENISE MARIA ZEZELL; TELMA
MARIA TENÓRIO ZORN; SILVIA CRISTINA NÚÑEZ;
MARTHA SIMÕES RIBEIRO
Background and Objective: the purpose of this study was to
use the Optical Path Difference (OPD) technique to quantify
the organization of collagen fibers in full-thickness thermal
burns following low-intensity polarized laser therapy after skin
repair. Study Design/Materials and Methods: Three burns were
cryogenerated on the back of rats. Lesion “Lpa” was irradiated
using the azimuth of the electric field vector of the polarized
laser radiation aligned in parallel with the rat’s occipital-caudal
direction. Lesion “Lpe” was irradiated using the azimuth of the
electric field vector of the polarized laser radiation aligned perpendicularly to aforementioned orientation. It was used a HeNe laser with wavelength 632.8nm, dose 1J/cm2, intensity
6mW/cm2, irradiation time 180s. Lesion “C” was untreated
(control). A healthy area labeled “H” was also evaluated. The
rats were sacrificed and tissue samples were collected and
processed for polarized light microscopy. Results: on the 17th
day p.w., the overall finding was that the OPD depends on the
azimuth of the electric field vector of the polarized laser radiation. No significant differences of the OPD were observed between “Lpa” and “H” in the center, sides and edges of the
lesion. Conclusion: lesions irradiated using the azimuth of the
electric field vector of the polarized laser radiation aligned in
parallel with the rat’s occipital-caudal direction shows higher
birefringence indicating that collagen bundles in these lesions
are more organized than lesions irradiated using the azimuth of
the electric field vector of the polarized laser radiation aligned
perpendicularly to aforementioned orientation.
OP047
Native fluorescence spectroscopy of oral normal mucosa:
preliminary study in humans
RENATA CRISTINA FIOROTTI; BRUNO SIQUEIRA BELLINI;
JORGE HUMBERTO NICOLA; ESTER M. DANIELLI NICOLA
In human tissue, components like collagen and elastic fibres,
flavins and some proteins are strongly autofluorescent when
excitated by ultraviolet radiation.Its native fluorescence are
presented in 450 to 500 nm region (blue-green). When any
constitutional tissue alteration occurs, pathological or not, its
autofluorescence will be modified. Thus, this optical phenomenom can be considered a reliable diagnostic method. Study Design: Clinical preliminary. Aim: This works aims to study
different sites of oral mucosa, comparing their native fluorescences spectra. Material and Method: 50 adults, healthy. The
fluorescence spectra were obtained using a “plug-in” spectrometer (PC2000-S and Software OOIBase 32?) and optical fiber.
The native fluorescence were observed in six different sites of
oral cavity, using a UV light, this prototype was manufacturing
with KOMLUX. Results and Discussion: 300 spectra were collected and shows the same grafical characteristics. The fluorescence intensity had different degree, according the sites and
mucosal type. Conclusion: The similarity of preliminary results, as well for different mucosa sites, lead us to consider
to stablish a standard for native fluorescence spectra of oral
mucosa.
OP048
Preliminary study of prevention and treatment of oral mucositis due to chemotherapy in children, adolescents and young
adults through the use of Laser Therapy
MEIRE MAMAN FRACHER ABRAMOFF; ANTÔNIO SÉRGIO
PETRILLI; ELIANA MONTEIRO CARAN; LUCIANA ALMEIDA
LOPES; NILZA NELLY FONTANA LOPES
Abstract Laser therapy has been employed as a coadjuvant in
the prevention and treatment of chemotherapy-induced oral
mucositis, in patients with malignant neoplasia. The difficulty
in demonstrating scientifically its efficiency is due to the variety of chemotherapy protocols, the subjectivity to evaluate the
symptoms, the different types of malignant diseases, and because if non-infected, the mucositis achieves its resolution in a
spontaneous way. Method: A pilot clinical study was conducted
with children, teenagers and young adults patients which do not
presented mucositis but belonged to the risk group. They were
randomized in two groups: laser-irradiated group with preventive purposes (Group 1) and placebo-light treatment (Group 3).
Patients that presented mucositis were randomized in irradiated
group with therapeutic purpose (Group 2) and a group of patients whose mouth was rinsed with Aluminum Hydroxide +
Dexchlorpheniramine Maleate + Lidocaine at 2% (Group 4).
Patients received 3 irradiations, during alternate days, with a
675nm, 35mW laser, with 2 J in each point. Mucositis evolution
was compared to the seric levels of granulocytes. Results: In
Group 1, only edema and erythema have been diagnosed. In
Group 2, there has been pain relief, and a decrease in the duration and severity of oral mucositis, even during the period of a
severe granulocytopenia. In Group 3, the oral mucositis was
more intense and frequent, and other therapeutic options were
required. In Group 4, patients had a clinical improvement, however associated to an increase of granulocytes and to the control
of fungal and viral infections. Conclusion: The easiness of the
use of low energy laser, the possibility of conducting few sessions in alternate days, and the results obtained, make this therapy feasible for the prevention and treatment of oral mucositis.
OP049
Evaluation of dental enamel microhardness after Nd:YAG
Laser irradiation and pH cycling model
ILENE CRISTINE ROSIA CESAR; SHIRLEY DE SOUZA
PAULA; EGBERTO MUNIN; PRISCILA CHRISTIANE SUZY
LIPORONI
The aim of this study was to evaluate the dental enamel microhardness after Nd:YAG Laser irradiation and submitted to a pH
101
13904ABS.PGS
2/14/05
1:54 PM
Page 102
2004 ABSTRACTS WALT
cycling model. Ten human embedded third molars were used
in this in vitro study. The specimens received an apical cut and
were longitudinally cut into 4 parts resulting in 40 specimens.
These parts were further reduced to an enamel area of 16mm2
using a diamond saw and kept inside a heater at 37 C in humidity controlled ambient. The specimens were divided randomly
into 4 groups: G1 (control), without laser irradiation and pH
cycles, G2 received Nd:YAG laser irradiation and without pH
cycles, G3 received Nd:YAG laser irradiation and pH cycles
and G4 without laser irradiation and with pH cycles. After that,
the samples were analyzed by Vickers microhardness test.
Vickers microhardness results were statistically analyzed by
ANOVA and Tukey-Kramer test. It was observed that Nd:YAG
laser used in this study does not increase the acid resistance of
dental enamel. Non-significant statistical difference (nsP>0.05)
were observed between the groups G1 and G2 and between the
groups G3 and G4. Significant statistical difference were observed between the groups (G1, G2 X G3, G4) that were pH
cycled, independent if the specimens were irradiated by the
Nd:YAG laser.
OP050
Vasculitis Ulcers Irradiated with Ga. As. Laser: Ten years of
experience
FERNANDO SORIANO; VILMA CAMPANA; MAURO
SORIANO; ROCÍO SORIANO
Introduction: Skin ulcers originate from vasculitis compromise
small and/or medium arterial vessels causing the thrombosis of
these and the necrosis of the irrigated territory by these vessels.
The classical treatment consists in the control of the basal disease and the local care of the ulcer. The healing is difficult and
local infections and severe pain are frequent complications. It
has been shown that ulcers of other origins (varicose, diabetic)
accelerate their healing if they are irradiated with LLLT. It has
also been postulated that this therapy can improve the immune
response mechanisms. Material and methods: Since March 1993
to March 2003 we have prospectively protocolized the local
treatment of ulcers caused by vasculitis and we irradiated them
with Ga. As. laser, 904nm, pulsed emission, pulse time 200 nsec,
peak power 20W,average power 40 mW, spot size: 150µm2, divergency angle: 6°, cooled by Peltier system. We used punctual
technique with a point spread of 2 cm. and punctual dose of
3J/cm2, irradiating the outer border, internal border and ulcer
bed. Irradiation frequency being 3 times a week during alternative days. The ulcer was covered by a vaseline coated bandage
for protection, the patients had ambulatory freedom and if infection was detected they were treated with oral Ciprofloxacine 500 mg. e/12 hours. Results: during the period of
study we have irradiated 46 patients: 22 affected with systemic
lupus, 14 rheumatoid arthritis, 3 scleroderma. 2 antiphospholipid antibody syndrome, 2 cryoblobulinemia,1 mixed connective tissue disease, 1 lung neoplasia, 1 multiple myeloma. The
majority showed multiple ulcers in both legs with intense pain
and an average time of evolution of 38.86 weeks (R:8- 106
w.)., 6 (13.04%) patients suffered of local infection during the
treatment. 28 (60.86%) patients healed completely their ulcers
in an average time of 13.78 weeks (R: 8–25 w), 6 patients
healed partially (13.04%) and 12 (26.09%) not healed. The
pain was relieved completely in 33 patients (71.74%). Conclusions: The notable improvement in these patients suggests that
the use of LLLT can accelerate vasculitis triggered ulcers, relieve pain and lessen the infection complications. Controlled
studies with a greater number of patients are necessary to confirm these results.
OP051
In vitro temperature meassuring of intra pulpar chambers,
generated by dental bleaching with phopolimerizator, Argon
Laser, High Power Diode Laser and two distinted equipament
of Laser with LEDs
WAGNER JOZSA CALMON; ALDO BRUGNERA JÚNIOR;
FÁTIMA ANTONIA ZANIN; JESUS DIJALMA PÉCORA;
PAULO DAVID DE CASTRO LOBO; LUIZ EDUARDO
BARBIN
It were measured in the intrapulpares chambers (in vitro) temperatures from five extracted human teeths samples that showed
periodontais troubles, for each dental bleaching technique, using
the following device: a 400mW photopolimizer with wavelength
range between 380 up to 500 nm, a 200 mW argon Laser and
wavelengths with 488 nm, maximum peak, a 1,2 high power
diode Laser and wavelengths range between 798 through 805
nm and two distinct equipment with led conjugated, the laser
equipment had distinted brands and power, each one with it’s
own respective protocol, where the led A had a 500 mW Laser
with 830 nm wavelength and 18 LEDs with 470 nm wavelengths, LED B with a 40 mW Laser and 830 nm wavelengths
and 8 LEDs with 470 nm wavelengths thorough a thermocouple introduced in the human teeaths extracted pulp chambers,
cute about 3 millimeter bellow it’s third cervical, so it was immobilized thought a special device. With the teeth fixed, it was
applied a whitening gel, the temperature was taken in the initial
time and 30 seconds after the photoativation application in the
photopolimerizer, argon laser, high power diode laser LEDs B.
After the photoativator source turned off, the temperatures were
taken again after one, two and three minutes. With the equipment LEDs A the photo activation application time were of two
minutes, as the protocol described in the manual was of 1,5 to
three minutes, it was chosen an intermediate time between the
preconized. After compiling the data, it was concluded that in
all the events positive temperature increases was notice. In the
photopolimizer, high power diode laser, argon laser and LEDs
with laser B the ZACH and COHEN (1965) preconized temperature limits were maintained, the LEDs and laser equipment
was the bigger temperature generator, exceeding the preconized
limits.
OP052
Photoreflectance study of human dental enamel after 35%
carbamide peroxide bleaching activated by Laser and LED
ILENE CRISTINE ROSIA CESAR; DANÚBIA LAIS MORIKI;
DIANA COSTA NUNES; EGBERTO MUNIN; PRISCILA
CHRISTIANE SUZY LIPORONI
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of two bleaching agents on the dental enamel. Ten human embedded third
molars were used in this in vitro study. The specimens received
an apical cut and were longitudinally cut into 4 parts resulting
in 20 specimens. These parts were further reduced to an enamel
area of 16mm2 using a diamond saw and kept inside a heater at
37 C in humidity controlled. The specimens were divided ran-
102
13904ABS.PGS
2/14/05
1:54 PM
Page 103
2004 ABSTRACTS WALT
domly into 2 groups. Group 1 (n=10) was exposed to 35% carbamide peroxide bleaching solution and activated by Laser/
LED. Group 2 (n=10) exposed 35% carbamide peroxide with
carmim red and activated by Laser/LED. The bleaching treatment was done in 5 sessions with a 7 days interval between
them. The color alterations were evaluated using a photoreflectance system. The collected data were statistically analyzed
by the t test of Student for paired observations with significance level of 5%. It was observed that non-significant statistical difference (nsP>0.05) between the groups G1 and G2.
OP053
Lasertherapy in the inferior alveolar nerve after laterization
with immediate implant placement report of a real clinical
case
WAGNER JOZSA CALMON; ROBERTO BOSCHETTI FERRARI; PAULO YATARI KAWAKAMI; RENATO HISSASHI MORI
The inferior alveolar nerve laterization surgery is indicated in a
few cases where regular tecnics will not solve the clinical case.
It was developed the laterization surgery with the immediate
placement of three implants and the laser therapy was done to
prevent and eliminate the parestesy caused by the procedure
that is descript as of a big morbidly. This clinical case was documented and the results was reported.
OP054
Calibration of Low Power Laser equipment and characterization of procedures adopted for their clinical use
RINALDO ROBERTO DE JESUS GUIRRO; LUCIANA
CEZIMBRA WEIS
This study aimed to characterize low power laser emission
equipment, as well as the procedures adopted for their use in
Physiotherapy clinics in the city of Piracicaba and region. For
this purpose, 40 items of equipment of different brands, models, year of manufacture and time of use were collected. Characterization was done by means of collecting information from
the manufacturers’ manuals, as well as by consulting them directly. The mean power emitted was calibrated by a digital power
analyzer (LaserChec—Coheent). A questionnaire was applied
to the physiotherapist that considered the procedures adopted
for their use. The qualitative data were presented by descriptive statistics, the quantities being analyzed by the Wilcoxon/
Kruscal-Wallis test and the Exact Fischer test, with significance
of 5%. The results showed that the majority of the items of
equipment are AsGa (70.5%) and HeNe (23.5%), the majority
of them being analogical and bought over 5 years ago. The majority of the items of equipment carried out between 10 and 15
applications per week and the most used density band is 2 to 4
J/cm2. Preventive measures, such as the use of spectacles, are
also not contemplated. The quantitative analyses showed that
the associations among the mean power calibrated and the time
of acquisition category, as well as the analogical technology,
were significant. The mean power calibrated was significantly
lower than that informed by the manufacturer, and 30 items of
equipment presented mean powers between 3 µW and 5.6 mW,
3 above 25 mW and in 7 of them the power was non-existent.
It may be concluded that there is no concern by users with regard to the conditions of use of the equipment used in clinical
practice.
OP055
Analysis of the transmissivity of Low Power Laser radiation
in different occlusive dressings
RINALDO ROBERTO DE JESUS GUIRRO; ELAINE
CALDEIRA DE OLIVEIRA GUIRRO
The analysis of the transmissivity of laser radiation was carried
out by a digital power analyzer (LaserCheck®-COHERENT),
coupled to a laser emitter (Laserpulse®—IBRAMED), with
wavelengths of 670, 830 and 904nanometers (nm) and mean
powers of 30.0, 30.0, 2.36 mW, respectively, previously calibrated. The laser emitter was coupled to the digital power analyzer sensor, having the following materials placed between
them: impermeable adhesive tape (CIEX) microporous hypoalergic tape (3M), Band-Aid® transparent tape – cushion and
adhesive (Johnson & Johnson), Sabiá® porous plaster (Johnson
& Johnson) and PVC (RED ROSE) film. The room was kept at
21°C and lit with incandescent light. Fifteen (15) measurements were made for each barrier, these being changed after
every 3 measurements. Statistical analysis consisted of the Student-t test with a significance of 5%, which demonstrated attenuation in all of the materials used. The results showed that
the PVC Film was the material that presented the least attenuation of transmissivity at any of the wavelengths analyzed,
being 90%, 88% and 97% for the wavelengths of 670, 830 and
904 nm, respectively. Following the sequence of the same wavelengths, there was the adhesive Band-Aid® (60%, 64% and
81%), Micropore (36%, 33%, 62%), Adhesive tape (9%, 8%,
28%), Sabiá® porous plaster (4%, 5% and 20%) and lastly, the
Band-Aid® cushion (2%, 2% and 6%). The results showed that
the transmission of low power laser depends on the irradiated
material as well as on the wavelength.
OP056
Effect of Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) on cyclooxigenase-2 (COX2) metabolites after LPS intra-tracheal instillation in rats
FLÁVIO AIMBIRE SOARES DE CARVALHO; REGIANE ALBERTINE; MARIA CRISTINA CHAVANTES; RENATO AMARO
ZÂNGARO; HUGO CAIRE CASTRO FARIA NETO; MARCOS
TADEU TAVARES PACHECO
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of low
level laser therapy (LLLT) on cyclooxigenase-2 (COX-2) metabolites after LPS intra-tracheal instillation using male Wistar rats.
The lavage bronchoalveolar (BAL) fluid and lung neutrophils influx was measured over different intervals of time (90, 24 and 48
h). For the analysis of eicosanoids, the BAL was performed with
phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and centrifuged to remove cells.
Myeloperoxidase activity was used as an indicator for the presence of neutrophils in the lungs affected by LPS instillation. Different laser irradiation protocols were employed for specific
energy densities (ED), exposure times and repetition rates. The
rats were irradiated with the Ga-Al-As laser for 42s in each time
interval studied. The ED that produced an anti-inflammatory effect was 37 J/cm2, reducing the number of inflammatory cells in
the BAL and the lung neutrophils influx of rats treated with LPS
in all the time intervals studied with the exception of the 90 min
LPS injection. The results obtained with LLLT also showed a reduction of the TXA2 and PGE2 level in BAL. Surprisingly, the
level was only slightly inhibited after LLLT. The indomethacine
103
13904ABS.PGS
2/14/05
1:54 PM
Page 104
2004 ABSTRACTS WALT
was used like reference drug to confirm the participation of
eicosanoids on LPS induced- lung inflammation. Our results
demonstrated clearly that Ga-As-Al irradiation causes time-dependent anti-inflammatory effects on BAL and lung neutrophils
influx. Further studies are necessary to elucidate the As-Ga-Al
triggering mechanism on LPS-induced lung inflammation and its
relation with COX-2 metabolites.
OP057
Proliferation of human primary bone cells after LLLT: application-mode and energy-dose dependent effects
VANESSA MORAES; LUCIANA ALMEIDA LOPES; JUTTA
TUEBEL; BELMA SALDAMLI; PHILIPP JUERGENS;
ROBERT SADER
Technologies for improving bone formation and regeneration
are a constant research in Tissue Engineering. Biostimulatory
effects of Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) on hard tissue
have been previously described, but the parameters (total energy doses, irradiation mode, power density) for laser irradiation on bone remain uncertain. Moreover, no data was found
concerning LLLT on Human Primary Bone Cells (HPBC). Our
objective was to investigate the effect of different laser irradiation parameters on the proliferation of HPBC. A HPBC culture
was established. Cells were plated in DMEM, 5% FCS, simulating nutritional deficit. They were irradiated 3 times with 72
hours interval. An 830 nm-GaAlAs-Laser, 100 mW power output was used in continuous or pulsed mode, each with total energy doses of 2–28 Joules. Cellular proliferation was analyzed
with BrdU colorimetric immunoassay. Phenotype changes were
investigated with ALP staining. We found out, in the present
nutritional deficit conditions, that LLLT stimulated the proliferation of HPBC in vitro without changing their phenotype.
Different doses and irradiation modes resulted in different cellular responses. Further investigations about LLLT effects on
ALP, collagen and protein expression are being performed.
OP058
Photodynamic Therapy of cancer with hypericin using pulsed
dye lasers
MARCOS PAIVA; MICHAEL BUBLIK; MARK POLYAKOV;
PHIL S. CHUNG; ADRIEN A. ESHRAGHI; ROMAINE E.
SAXTON
Background and Objective: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a
new modality of treatment for cancer that involves administration of a tumor localizing photosensitizing agent followed by
activation of the agent by light of a specific wavelength. This
therapy results in a sequence of photochemical and photobiologic process that cause irreversible photodamage to tumor
tissues. In the current study, we tested the activation and cytotoxicity of hypercin with different wavelengths of light, exposure time, and pulsed vs. non-pulsed mode of laser in order to
determine what effect varying the wavelength of light would
have on the viability of squamous cell carcinoma cell lines.
Materials and Methods: Squamous cell carcinoma cells (SCCA)
were incubated with hypercin concentrations ranging from
0.05 to 1 µg/mL and exposed to light ranging from 514nm to
593nm, exposure time ranging from 0 to 150 seconds, and varying laser pulses. Subsequently, treatment toxicity was measured
by MTT colorimetric assays. Results: SCCA cells lines, after
PDT with Hypericin, demonstrated decreased viability with in-
creasing drug dose (0.2–0.5 ug/ml), increasing laser output and
time of illumination, and laser light wavelength from from 514
to 532 to 550 to 593nm. In addition pico-second pulse showed
more cell cytotoxicity versus milli-second pulse. Conclusion:
this study confirms the potential of hypericin for PDT applications and defines several of the important variables involved in
photoactivation of hypericin such as drug dosage, appropriate
light wavelength, laser power output, exposure time, and light
delivery to human squamous cell carcinoma using cultured
cells and tumor transplants in mice.
OP059
Judging the judges – Pitfalls and bias in systematic reviews
of Low Level Laser Therapy
JAN M. BJORDAL; CHRISTIAN COUPPE
The first objective of this study was to develop a tool that could
identify potential sources of bias and statistically quantify the
size and direction of bias in systematic reviews. The second objective was to apply the tool on systematic reviews of randomised placebo controlled trials with low level laser therapy
(LLLT) for chronic tendon and joint disorders. In order to
achieve this, an extensive literature search was performed and a
7-item checklist was developed. Nine systematic reviews and 41
randomised placebo-controlled trials were identified in the
search. There was no statistical evidence of publication bias. Inclusion of trials occurred in 69 cases, although trials fulfilled inclusion criteria in 105 cases. From 76 cases of comparable
methodological assessment scores, inter-reviewer reliability was
moderate to poor [Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC 3,1)
0.47]. Exclusion of trials by their method scores, was contradicted by other reviews in eleven out of twelve controllable
cases. Two thirds of the available trials were excluded from the
review conclusions. Unreliable data (i.e. data that have been interpreted differently by different authors) was identified in all
three stages of the reviewing process. A quarter of the trials that
formed the final review conclusion, presented outcome results
which had been interpreted as both positive and negative by different reviewers. Reviewers’ selections in areas of identified disagreement significantly favoured their own final conclusions.
OP060
Comparative study of the algainp Laser effects, 4 and 7j/cm2,
in the wound healing
BIANCA DE ALMEIDA BORTOT; TORRES, MARINA APARECIDA DA COSTA BETITO; GUIRRO, ELAINE CALDEIRA
DE OLIVEIRA; POLACOW, MARIA LUÍZA OZORES; MONTEBELO, MARIA IMACULADA DE LIMA; RIBEIRO, MARIA
CRISTINA DE ALMEIDA PRADO
The research’s objective was to verify histopathologically the
low intensity laser effect AlGaInP, with energy density of 4 and
7J/cm2, in the open wound cicatrization with and without surgical hypoallergic adhesive tape (curative Micropore). Fifty male
adult Wistar rats had their backs depilated and had been submitted to the cutaneous surgical incision of 1 cm2. The sample was
divided into ten groups of 5 animals: GC-7d(control group
7days), GC-14d(control group 14days), GL4–7d(laser group
4J/cm2 7days), GL4–14d(laser group 4J/cm2 14days), GL4m7d(laser group 4J/cm2 with Micropore 7days), GL4m-14d(laser
group 4J/ cm2 with Micropore 14days), GL7–7d(laser group
7J/cm2 7days), GL7–14d(laser group 7J/cm2 14days), GL7m-
104
13904ABS.PGS
2/14/05
1:54 PM
Page 105
2004 ABSTRACTS WALT
7d(laser group 7J/cm2 with Micropore 7days) and GL7m-14d
(laser group 7J/cm2 with Micropore 14days). Adjacent punctual
contact applications to the wound’s edges, and sweepings in the
central part of the wound had been realized. The acquired values had been submitted to the variance analysis F ANOVA, followed by the Tukey test, with significance coefficient (p<0,05).
The comparative study suggests a enhanced cellular activation,
statistically significant (p<0,05) in the groups GL4–7d, GL4m7d and GL7-7d, when compared to the GC-7d. It was also verified, that the GL4–7d showed a greater fibroblastic activation
than the GC-7d (p<0,05). However, among the groups, GC-7d,
GL4–7d, GL4M-7d, GL7–7d and GL7M-7d, there wasn’t significant difference in the cellular epithelialization (p>0,05). The
results suggest increased cellular activation in the stimulation
with 7 days, the density of 4J/cm2 revealed itself beneficial in
the fibroblastic activation and the cellular epithelialization was
not modified by the intervention proposed.
OP061
Experimental determination of threshold dose in Photodynamic Therapy
JULIANA FERREIRA; CRISTINA KURACHI; LILIAN TAN
MORIYAMA; MARCELA GRAZIANO; JULIANA VELASQUES;
VANDERLEI SALVADOR BAGNATO
The concept of threshold is very important for the establishment of light dosimetry in PDT, including the development of
new clinical applications. The idea of threshold dose was deduced using a mathematical calculation involving models for
light – tissue interaction. No one has yet measured the value of
threshold doses to prove its existence as well as the correlation
with the existent models. We have been investigating different
approaches in vitro and in vivo. In vitro: The fluorescence
spectroscopy as a form of quantification of the photosensitizer
(Photogem®) in solution and into biologycal tissues. The study
of the many effects of the light propagation on dispertion systems, with presence or not of absorbers. The research connects
with the photodynamic terapy (PDT) tecnique development
and should contribute to the realization of the dosimetry in
PDT. In vivo: The fluorescence spectroscopy is a technique
can be used to monitor the drug amount at different kinds tissues. The spectrum fluorescence analysis is based upon the
intensity of the porphyrin bands emission from researched tissues. Other study is analysi the penetration of light in the biologic tissue during the application of PDT. Using normal rat
liver we have investigated the depth of necrosis caused by PDT
when different doses of light and different photosensitizer concentrations are employed. The analyses of the necrosis depth
allow to determine threshold doses as a function of photosensitizer concentration. A simple model is used to explain the results. A discussion is presented apply the threshold concept to
dosimetry in PDT.
OP062
Intratumor injections of cisplatin and Laser thermal therapy
for palliative treatment of recurrent cancer
MARCOS B PAIVA; ROMAINE E SAXTON; MATTHEW UDEWITZ; PHIL S CHUNG; JOEL SERCARZ; DAN J CASTRO
Laser induced thermal therapy (LITT) with the neodymium:
yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Nd:YAG) (1064 nm) laser via
fiberoptics is becoming a more precise, minimally invasive al-
ternative for thermoablation of unresectable or recurrent head
and neck neoplasms, but recurrence is often seen at the margin. Combining intratumor chemotherapy with interstitial
laser should be most effective using drugs activated by thermal energy. The objective of the current study was to review
safety and toxicity of cisplatin in a gel (CDDP/gel) combined
with LITT for treatment of recurrent cancer in 3 patients with
advanced stage disease. The cisplatin dose was 0.25mL
gel/cm3 tumor volume every week for 3 sessions (mean cumulative dose per patient was 0.35 to 12.35mg cisplatin). A
total of 5 tumors were treated with CDDP/gel and persistent
disease treated by LITT (PD=2,200 J/cm2) a week after the
chemotherapy session. All patients expired of progressive disease. The average survival for these patients was 9.5 months,
and no dose-limiting cisplatin-related toxicities, such as
nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity, or ototoxicity, were observed.
In this study treatment of accessible solid tumors with
CDDP/gel by intratumor administration followed by LITT
proved to be feasible. Based on preclinical evidence garnered
at UCLA, and the results of this study we are encouraged to
continue our pursuit of improving LITT combined with
chemotherapy.
OP063
Composite resins ablation and a proposition of ultra-conservative operative dentistry
ROSANE DE FÁTIMA ZANIRATO LIZARELLI; LILIAN TAN
MORIYAMA; LUCIMARA CRISTINA NAKATA SCADUTTO;
GIOVANNI FRANCESCO MONTELEONE; VANDERLEI SALVADOR BAGNATO
This work presents a comparative study for Er:YAG laser ablation between hard dental tissue and composite resin. The main
purpose is the development of a new ultra-conservative clinical
technique: differential ablation for composite resin restorations
using Er:YAG laser. We have used extracted or exfoliated primary anterior and posterior teeth and six extracted permanent
molar teeth. Three different types of composite resin were chosen (microfiller, hybrid and condensable) in terms of chemical
and structural composition. Composite tablets recently cured
and after artificial aging method and the teeth were irradiated
with a Er:YAG laser and two different conditions were considered, energy level per pulse (100, 200, 300, 400 and 500mJ),
frequencies (5, 10 and 15Hz) and different water fluxes. Diameter and depth of each resulted microcavity were measured and
the material removed volumes were calculated. The resulted
values were plotted and feted to allow a comparative observation of the material removed as a function of energy level per
pulse. While this idea seems to apply well for enamel of primary, when hybrid composite is ablated, considering permanent teeth, at the present stage, it does not apply well for
permanent enamel. For dentin, the composition and content of
water makes the Er:YAG laser ablation equal or superior in
rate compared with the three used resins, even for primary and
permanent teeth. The lowest frequency (5Hz) seems allows the
highest material ablated volume, mainly when water is absent.
The highest water flux showed lower ablation rate with the
lowest fluence. Water fluxes presented an important factor
considering composite ablation. New aspects towards this goal
will be presented.
105
13904ABS.PGS
2/14/05
1:54 PM
Page 106
2004 ABSTRACTS WALT
OP064
Evaluation of cure state of composite resin using Er:YAG
Laser ablation
ROSANE DE FÁTIMA ZANIRATO LIZARELLI; LILIAN TAN
MORIYAMA; GIOVANNI FRANCESCO MONTELEONE; VANDERLEI SALVADOR BAGNATO
This work presents a comparative study between two light source
for composite resin cure using Er:YAG laser ablation. The
main purpose is the development of a new technique: comparative ablation rate for composite resin restorations using Er:YAG
laser for applications in future experimentations considering
photocuring efficience. We have used a hybrid composite resin
(Z100, 3M, USA) under two light sources based in blue LEDs:
one emitting intensity of 105 mW/cm2 (LEC II, MM Optics,
Brazil) and other emitting intensity of 1000 mW/cm2. Composite tablets were photocured during two different irradiation
times 5 and 40 seconds. Just after cure, they were irradiated
with a focused Er:YAG laser under four energy level per pulse
(100, 200, 300, 400 and 500mJ), fixed frequency of 10Hz and
water flux of 0.46 ml/sec, during 10 seconds. Diameter and depth
of each resulted microcavity were measured and the material
removed volumes were calculated. The resulted values were
plotted and feted to allow a comparative observation of the material removed volume as a function of fluence. Ablation rate
increased as energy per pulsed has increased, however above
300mJ photocuring time and LEDs intensity were important
factors to evaluate curing efficience. Different intensities of
LEDs sources showed a important influence: the lowest intensity allows the largest ablation rate when cured time is 5 seconds, while the highest intensity produces the same result when
cured time is 40 seconds, it could be explained due lower coesion degree and structure fragilization. New aspects towards
this goal will be presented.
OP065
Effect of Low Level Laser Therapy on the proliferation of
rats primary bone cells
CIBELLE BARBOSA LOPES; ZÉLIA MENDES DE ALBUQUERQUE ROSA; NEWTON SOARES DA SILVA; CRISTINA
PACHECO SOARES
The bone tissue is a highly organized structure with a special
potential of reconstruction of its original structure after injuries, an illness or transplant. The aim of our work was to
obtain a primary culture of osteoblastic cells which were collected after enzymatic digestion of calvariae and long bones
(femur) of newborn rats, in order to evaluate the effect of the
bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) in the number of nodules
formed, as well as evaluating the cellular proliferation after
biostimulation with a Gallium-Alumini-um-Arsenide diode laser
(GaAlAs). The cells were cultivated in a MEM medium, supplemented with bovine fetal serum (SFB) at 10%, antibioticantimycotic at 1% and ascorbic acid (50µg/mL) and enriched
with 1,25(OH)2 D3 vitamin (10–8M). Von Kossa method and
coloration with Tetracycline had been used, as well as daily observation through optic microscopy for analysis and evidence
of the morphology of the cultivated cells. In order to analyze
the effect of the Laser of Low Power (830nm, with fluency of
2J/cm2 and power of 10mW) we use a colorimetric assay
(MTT) and fluorescence microscopy for nucleus (DAPI), cy-
toskeletal (Rodamin-Phalloidin), mitochondria (JC-1) and endoplasmic reticulum [(DiOC6(3)].
OP066
Acceleration of the orthodontic movement velocity of human
teeth with Low Intensity Laser Therapy
DELMA REBELO CRUZ; EDUARDO K. KOHARA; MARTHA
S. RIBEIRO; NIKLAUS U.WETTER
Background: Low-intensity laser therapy (LILT) has been
studied in many fields of Dentistry, but, to our knowledge, this
is the first time that its effects on orthodontic movement velocity in humans are investigated. Materials and Methods: Eleven
patients were recruited for this two-month study. One half of
the upper arcade was considered control group and received
mechanical activation of the canine teeth every thirty days. The
opposite half received the same mechanical activation and was
also irradiated with a diode laser (780nm) during 10s at 20
mW, 5 J/cm2, on four days of each month. Data of the biometrical progress of both groups were statistically compared. Results: All patients showed significant higher acceleration of the
retraction of canines on the side treated with LILT when compared to the control. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that
LILT does accelerate human teeth movement and could therefore considerably shorten the whole treatment duration.
OP067
Biomaterials and LILT on the bone tissue healing activity
HERMES PRETEL; LIZARELLI, R.Z.F; RAMALHO, L.T.O
It suggest that polyurethane achieved from (Ricinus communis) induces bone repair because their osteoconductivity properties. In concerning the bone-inducing, that promotes osseous
neoformation, it has been stimulate by growth factors, as bone
morphogenetic protein (BMP), and laser therapy. The aim of
this study was to evaluate osseous regeneration after mandible
defects created in rats, and coveried with polyurethane resin
particles (Ricinus communis), added with BMP and absorbable
Hydroxyapatite (HA), stimulated or not by Laser beam. It was
used the laser equipment “Laser beam” (Infra-red, continuos,
Gallium-arsenide, 785nm, 50mW). Were utilized for this study
60 rats (Holtzman), were distributed in 4 groups of 15 animals.
The control group (Group I, with only defect); the experimental group with laser stimulated (3J/cm2) (Group II); the experimental group with resin particles added with (BMP-HA)
(Group III), and another similar group with laser stimulation
(3J/cm2) (Group IV). The animals were then sacrified at the
15th, 45th and 60th days; mandibles were removed and
processed for light microscopy. The histological examination
samples were stain with H&E, Tricomic of Masson and Sirius
Red. The results showed osseous neoformation in all groups.
However, in the groups with laser stimulation the tissue response presented demonstrating earlier bone matrix formation.
OP068
Thermal responses by the application of the Nd:YAG Laser
PAULO DAVID DE CASTRO LOBO; CARLOS EDUARDO
DE VILHENA PAIVA; MÁRCIO MAGINI
The majority of laser applications involve thermal effects. Particularly, in the case of laser irradiation in teeth, the tissue
overheating resulting in high temperatures can spread into the
106
13904ABS.PGS
2/14/05
1:54 PM
Page 107
2004 ABSTRACTS WALT
dentin, causing irreversible damage in the pulp chamber. Some
studies demonstrated that a temperature rise of 6 oC can cause
irreversible pulp damage and the temperature rise of 11 oC
may cause pulp cell death. The use of pulsed laser has some advantages to the use of continuous ones. One of them is that
shortening the laser pulse can reduce the alterations in tissue
morphology. The temperature increase due to Nd:YAG irradiation on the teeth external surface can cause surface melting,
blocking the dentinal tubules and consequently reducing dentinal hypersensitivity. The thermal simulation is very important
to select safety parameters during laser application for a specific use. Difficulties arise when we need to consider different
geometries and special irradiation conditions and the problem
has to resort to numerical procedures and approximated or hybrid methods. In this study, one of the objectives is to obtain in
vitro experimental temperatures at the pulp chamber when
human teeth are irradiated at the external surface by the Nd:YAG
laser. These results are compared to them obtained applying a
two dimensional finite difference scheme (alternating-direction
implicit method) in cylindrical geometry. Also, the temperature
distribution profiles at subsurface regions were simulated, after
the end of the last pulse. In a first experiment, the samples
were submitted to the total energy of 1 J in 2 and 5 pulses, with
interval of 300 ms and duration of 0.9 ms. Others experiments
used the application of 2 and 5 pulses with 5 ms width for the
same interval. The results showed in this study make the numerical model capable to be used to evaluate laser treatments
in dental hard tissues. The efficiency of the model will allow
the determination and selection of safety exposure parameters
for specific applications.
OP069
Laser and LED-Therapy to treat dentin hypersensitivity—A
clinical study
ROSANE DE FÁTIMA ZANIRATO LIZARELLI; FÁBIO AUGUSTO CURTI MIGUEL; GIOVANNI FRANCESCO MONTELEONE; VANDERLEI SALVADOR BAGNATO
Dentin hypersensitivity is a common pain-related complaint of
patients. In fact, its treatment has been considered a challenge.
The possibility to treat pain with a low intensity laser provides
an opportunity to minimize effects of this important clinical
problem without causing any extra discomfort to patients. Actually, a new light source, light emitting diode, has been selected as a tool in some experimental applications. The main
objective here was to compare these two different light sources
under the same energy density (6.0 J/cm2) per point (3 cervical
and 1 apical point) to reach conditions where the tooth becomes insensible to external stimulus. Three sessions of irradiation (one per week) and three sessions of avaliation (15, 30
and 60 days) were accomplished. Our single-blind study compared a group receiving no laser application (Placebo) and two
other groups in which different light source: low intensity laser
(LILT) emitting 660nm with 25mW and light emitting diode
(LED) with 630 ± 10nm and 230 mW were employed. Two vitality tests (cold and heat) and four sensitivity tests (tactile, air
blast, sweet and sour) were employed to measure sensitivity.
The results can be summarized as follows: all treatments used
were not able to compromise the vitality of all examined teeth.
Considering follow up care of 15 days, placebo was effective
in 80%, led in 58% and lilt in 46,7%. After 60 days, placebo
showed 100% of absence of pain, led 88,9% and lilt 76,5%,
under air blast test. These preliminary results could show that
maybe fluence or intensity were higher than the indicated parameter, promoting the worst results of the study. In conclusion
under the energy density and intensity of light sources here
elected, laser and led treatment were not an effective tool to
solve dentin hypersensitivity.
OP070
In vivo study of the bactericidal effect of Photodynamic Therapy compared to traditional treatment of peri-implantitis
RICARDO REDA AHMAD HAYEK; MARCO ANTONIO
GIOSO; JONATHAN FERREIRA; NEY SOARES DE ARAÚJO;
AÉCIO MASSAYOSHI YAMADA JÚNIOR; MARTHA SIMÕES
RIBEIRO
Progressive peri-implant bone losses, which are accompanied
by inflammatory lesions in the soft tissues are referred to as
peri-implantitis. The aim of this study was to compare the
effects of photodynamic therapy (PDT) and conventional technique on microbial reduction in ligature induced peri-implantitis in dogs. Eighteen third pre-molars of nine Labrador
retrievers dogs were extracted and the implants were submerged.
After osseointegration, peri-implantitis was induced. After 4
months, ligature was removed and the same period was waited
for natural formation of bacterial plaque. The animals were
then randomly divided into two groups. In the conventional
group, they were treated with the conventional techniques of
mucoperiosteal flaps for scaling the implant surface and irrigation with chlorexidine. In the PDT group, only mucoperiosteal
scaling was carried out before photodynamic therapy. Inside
the peri-implant pocket, the photosensitizer azulene in a paste
base delivery was placed and then a GaAlAs low-power laser
(= 660 nm, P= 40 mW, E= 7,2 J and t= 3 min) was used. Microbiological samples were obtained before and immediately
after treatment. Before treatment, one implant was removed
and analyzed by scan electron microscopy to validate the contamination of the implant. The results of this study showed that
Prevotella sp., Fusobacterium sp. and S. Beta-haemolyticus
were significantly reduced for the conventional and PDT groups
(100%,99.8%; 100%,100%; 85.7%,97.6%, respectively). After
treatment, no significant differences were observed between
the groups. These findings suggest that photodynamic therapy
is a noninvasive method that could be used to reduce microorganisms in peri-implantitis.
OP071
Histochemical and histological aspects of bone healing stimulated by Diode Laser 830 nm
FRANCISCO DE ASSIS LIMEIRA JÚNIOR; MARLENY
ELIZABETH MÁRQUEZ DE MARTINEZ GERBI; ANTONIO
LUIZ BARBOSA PINHEIRO; LUCIANA MARIA PEDREIRA
RAMALHO; APARECIDA MARQUES; LILIAN DEBORA
PASCHOALIN E SILVA
The objective of the present research is to evaluate the effect of
Diode Laser irradiation (GaAlAs, ?830nm, 40mW, CW,
?~0,6mm, Thera Lase®, DMC Equipamentos, Brazil) on the
bone healing. For this purpose, 24 adult Wistar albinus rats were
used, separated into two equal and randomized groups: I (control) and II (Experimental Laser). The irradiated group received seven irradiations at every 48 hours, being immediately
107
13904ABS.PGS
2/14/05
1:54 PM
Page 108
2004 ABSTRACTS WALT
the first after the surgery. The dosimetry was of 16J/cm2 per
session, divided in four points of 4J/cm2 around the defect.
The sacrifice periods were of 15, 21 and 30 days. Histochemical evaluation has showed a higher concentration of collagen
fibers in the defect when compared to group control, suggesting a biostimulation in the synthesis of the collagen by the
Laser irradiation. Histological evaluation has evidenced a larger
bone new formation in the area of the bone defect, taking to a
faster bone healing. These data show that bone healing can be
accelerated with the use of Laser irradiation.
OP072
Effects of the Low Intensity Laser Therapy on the prevention
of dental caries induced in rats
KARIN PRAIA MÜLLER; CÉLIA REGINA MARTINS DELGADO RODRIGUES; RAQUEL ROCHA; ANTONIO OLAVO
CARDOSO JORGE; SILVIA CRISTINA NÚÑEZ; MARTHA
SIMÕES RIBEIRO
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of lowintensity laser therapy (LILT) associated with acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF), or not, on the prevention of dental caries
induced in rats. Forty female rats were fed with a cariogenic
diet for 48 days and inoculated with Streptococcus mutans immediately after weaning. The animals were divided into five
groups: GC—control; GL – laser (l= 660 nm, P= 40 mW, D= 5
J/cm2); GF – fluoride (APF 1.23% during 4 minutes); GLF—
laser + fluoride; GFL—fluoride + laser. After 48 days, the molars were extracted and prepared to determine the dental caries
lesion areas, enamel microhardness and Ca/P ratio. The percentage of caries area in the GLF was smaller than the others
groups. No significant statistically differences were observed
among GFL, GLF, GF groups with respect to microhardness,
but there was significant statistical difference among these
three groups and GL and GC groups. No significant differences
were observed in Ca/P ratio among the groups. These results
suggest that LILT associated to topical fluoride promote modulatory effects on dentin, reduce the caries area and could be an
alternative on the prevention of dental caries.
OP073
Effect of Low Power Laser Therapy associated or not to hydroxyapatite synthetic implantation and biological membrane
FRANCISCO DE ASSIS LIMEIRA JÚNIOR; MARLENY ELIZABETH MÁRQUEZ DE MARTÍNEZ GERBI; ANTONIO LUIZ
BARBOSA PINHEIRO; LUCIANA MARIA PEDREIRA RAMALHO LÍLIAN DEBORA PASCHOALIN E SILVA; DENNYS
SOBRAL CRISPIM DA SILVA
The aim of this study is to evaluate the influence of Lasertherapy (GaAlAs) 830nm, 40mW, CW, Thera lase (DMC Equipamentos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil) on the repair of bone defects
standardized in femur of Wistar albinos rats submitted or not to
synthetic microgranular hydroxyapatite implant (HA) and bovine
membrane (Baumer S.A, Mogi Mirim, SP, Brazil). Eight randomized groups were studied: I (Control, n=09); II (Laser,
n=12); III (HA + Membrane, n=12) and IV (HA + Membrane +
Laser, n=12). The irradiated groups received seven irradiations
at every 48 hours, being immediately the first after the surgical
procedure. The dosimetry was of 16J/cm2 per session, divided
in four points of 4J/cm2 around the defect (f~0,60mm, 40mW).
The sacrifices were done after 15, 21 and 30 days, and the
specimens were routinely processed to wax and stained with
H&E and Picrosirius stains and analyzed under light microscopy. The results showed that in the groups irradiated with
implant and membrane, when comparing with the group irradiated only, it was observed that the repair was processed in a
faster way, starting from the periods of 15 and 21 days. At 30th
day, the level of repair of the defects was similar in the irradiated groups or not. Bone new formation was evidenced inside
of the cavity by the osteoconductivity of the implant. It is concluded that Lasertherapy had a positive biomodulatory effect
on the repair of bone defects submitted or not to synthetic hydroxyapatite implant and membrane.
OP074
Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy on the treatment of
dental alveolitis
AÉCIO MASSAYOSHI YAMADA JÚNIOR; AGUINALDO
SILVA GARCEZ; RICARDO RADA AHMED HAYEK; SILVIA
CRISTINA NÚÑEZ; ANTONIO OLAVO CARDOSO JORGE;
MARTHA SIMÕES RIBEIRO
Photodynamic therapy is a new therapeutic modality to treat
microbial infections. The aim of this pilot study was to compare this new therapeutic approach with clorhexidine in mini
pigs induced alveolitis. Alveolitis is an inflammatory disease
that involves the superficial bone layer in the dental alveolus.
Eight dental elements were extracted from mini pigs and immediately after the alveolus were contaminated with Staphylococcus aureus. After seven days the area presented edema and
hyperemia. In the clorhexidine group the alveolus were debrided and irrigated with a 0.12% solution of clorhexidine. In
Laser group the alveolus were debrided and photodynamic
therapy was performed consisting in the application of a azulene paste inside the alveolus with a pre-irradiation time of 5
minutes followed by irradiation with a low power diode laser,
= 685 nm, P= 50 mW, E= 9 J, for 3 minutes. Microbiological
samples were harvested before and after treatment for both
groups with sterile paper points. The results showed bacterial
reduction in both groups, although photodynamic therapy was
significantly more effective to reduce the population of S. aureus. This finding indicates that photodynamic therapy can be
an alternative method to the treatment of alveolitis.
OP075
Photodynamic Therapy compared to conventional medication following endodontic treatment
AGUINALDO SILVA GARCEZ; SILVIA CRISTINA NÚÑEZ;
ANTONIO OLAVO CARDOSO JORGE; MARTHA SIMÕES
RIBEIRO
The purpose of this study was to evaluate bacterial reduction in
infected root canal in vitro and periapical lesion area following
PDT or conventional medication after endodontic treatment.
For in vitro study, thirty teeth with their root canals prepared
were contaminated with E. faecalis. Control group was untreated. Chemical group was treated with sodium hypochlorite
0.5% for 30 minutes. Laser group, a photosensitizer paste was
placed and maintained in the root canals for 5 minutes and irradiated with a red laser using an optical fiber (P= 10 mW, E = 18
J, Dt= 3 min.). The bacterial reduction was significantly higher
for laser group when compared to chemical and control groups.
For in vivo study, ten patients presenting periapical lesion were
108
13904ABS.PGS
2/14/05
1:54 PM
Page 109
2004 ABSTRACTS WALT
treated or retreated chemical-mechanically. After endodontic
treatment, five patients used intracanal medication (calcium
hydroxide) and 3 of them, systemic antibiotic medication. The
other five patients had their root canals filled with a photosensitizer paste and were irradiated with a red laser coupled to an
optical fiber (P= 10 mW, E = 18 J, t= 3 min.). After treatment,
the root canals were sealed and the teeth were restored. Periapical radiographies were taken before, immediately after, and
one-year after the treatment to control the lesion area. A decrease of the lesion area was observed for both groups, and no
statistical significant differences were observed between them.
These results indicate that photodynamic therapy could be an
alternative approach to the use of intracanal medication and/or
systemic antibiotic therapy after endodontic treatment.
OP076
Low Intensity Laser Therapy and transcutaneous electrical
neural stimulation (tens) on the improvement of mouth opening in patients with temporomandibular disorders
SILVIA CRISTINA NÚÑEZ; AGUINALDO SILVA GARCEZ;
ANTONIO OLAVO CARDOSO JORGE; SELLY SAYURI
SUZUKI; MARTHA SIMÕES RIBEIRO
The maxillofacial area is prone to many pathological conditions
having pain as the major symptom, leading to a great discomfort to patient diagnosis with temporomandibular disorders.
Low intensity laser therapy, as well as transcutaneous electrical neural stimulation (TENS) have been presented good results in pain relief, and as a consequence it has been observed
an improvement in the mouth opening amplitude. The purpose
of this study was to evaluate the mouth opening capability in
patients with temporomandibular disorders immediately after
laser or TENS therapy. Ten patients received both treatments
alternatively in two different clinical attendances and the mouth
opening amplitude was measured before therapy and immediately after. The laser parameters were wavelength of 670 nm,
P= 50 mW and fluence of 3 J/cm2. The TENS parameters were
adjusted to the best comfort of the patients with approximately
20 W, frequency of 60 Hz during 30 minutes. The results were
statistically analyzed by t-Student test. Both therapies were efficient to promote mouth opening (p<0.01). Comparing the
therapies, the laser was significantly more effective than TENS
(p<0.01).
OP077
Light attenuation in skin rat after treatment with low intensity polarized visible Laser radiation
MARTHA SIMÕES RIBEIRO; DANIELA DE FÁTIMA
TEIXEIRA DA SILVA; DENISE MARIA ZEZELL; WALTER
MIYAKAWA
This study was carried out to determine the relative attenuation
coefficient for the light intensity in healthy and burned skin
during wound healing following low-intensity laser therapy.
Once known the relative attenuation coefficient, several effects
of light tissue interaction can be understood. Two burns were
created on the back of rats and one of them was randomly selected and irradiated using a red laser on days 3, 7, 10 and 14
post-wounding with D= 1J/cm2, I= 6mW/cm2, exposure time
of 180s, which was labeled “L”. Lesion “L” was irradiated
using the azimuth of the electric field vector of the polarized
laser radiation aligned in parallel with the rat’s occipital-caudal
direction. Lesion “C” was untreated (control). A healthy skin
area was also evaluated. After each irradiation, skin samples
were placed between two microscope slide mounts. A He-Ne
laser irradiated the sandwiched tissue and a CCD photographed the scattered light. The decay of the light intensity
along any direction is close to an exponential. In burned skin
samples, decay was significantly faster than in normal skin samples (p<0.01). Besides, attenuation coefficient changed during
important parameters to optimize low intensity laser dosimetry
on the wound the cutaneous repair. These findings indicate that
optical properties of tissue are healing acceleration.
OP078
Suggestion on the use of Excimer XeCl laser for placing implants with differential geometry
TERCIO OBARA; EGBERTO MUNIN; EDSON A. LIBERT;
LUCIMARA CORREIA OBARA; EDUARDO POMPEU;
MARCOS TADEU T. PACHECO
The hereby work has the goal of investigating the bone tissue
morphology after suffering osteotomy with Excimer laser XeCl
(308nm). Bones of rabbits and pigs were submitted to osteotomies with laser (in vitro). The laser was calibrated in the
frequency of 4 Hz. The energy density checked was 6,7 J/cm2
per pulse. Then bone fragments from the femur and the shinbone were fixed on a table and irradiated with laser for 40, 80,
120 and 240 seconds, and submitted to four different types of
evaluation: stereoscopic magnifying lens, light microscopy, polarized light microscopy and electronic scanning microscopy
(SEM). Through the mesoscopy analysis, we noticed that it’s
possible to make cavities similar to the shape of a cone, as well
as similar to the cubic geometry, according to the kind of lens
used in the experiment. This phenomenon is due to the peculiar
characteristic of the Excimer XeCl laser beam. It was also possible to observe through the SEM a bone fusing in the irradiated area. And through the polarized light we notice the presence
of collagen type 1, therefore, harder and more friable due to the
bone fusion, highlighted by the predominance of mineral components over the collagen fibers. The experiment suggests having the possibility of making bone cavity with different sizes
and shapes from the osteotomy practiced with rotatory cutting
instrument (RCI). This phenomenon needs further studies, because it broadens possibilities for the manufacture and usage of
implants with differential geometry.
OP079
Inabiliting paracoccidioidomycosis sequels in oral cavity:
treatment with CO2 Laser
BRUNO BELLINI; FIOROTTI, R. C.; NICOLA, J. H.;
NICOLA E. M. D.
Paracoccidioidomycosis brasiliensis or Lutz Splendore
Almeida disease was described first by Adolfo Lutz in 1908. It
normally proliferates in neotropical zones and in South America, with 70% of the cases being related in Brazil. The fungus
generally comes from vegetables and soil, affecting mainly
male workers around the fifth decade of life. Generally the infection is acquired by inhalation or through mucosas or cutaneous trauma. The developed lesions affect gingival tissues,
lips, tongue, palate, tonsil area, pharynx and hypo pharynx
making patient’s alimentation and hygienization very difficult
and painful. Clinical treatment can cure the infection, but the
109
13904ABS.PGS
2/14/05
1:54 PM
Page 110
2004 ABSTRACTS WALT
sequels generally lead to severe disability. The treatments were
performed in ten outpatients using a CO2 laser (Sharplan 40W,
10.6 nm), coupled to an articulated arm. Monthly applications,
from 10 to 15 watts of laser power, mode CW, swiftlase, were
performed in the areas of severe fibrosis on patient’s oral cavity, causing controlled vaporization and debridments. The laser
treatment was followed by the use of individually adapted silicone or rubber devices in order to avoid new cicatricial fibrosis. The right use of CO2 laser in sessions, together with the
adapted silicone or rubber devices in the treatment of Paracoccidioidomycosis sequels leads to a very conservative ambulatory surgical treatment with excellent results. Uniterms:
Paracoccidioidomycosis, oral cavity, inabiliting sequel, CO2
laser surgery.
OP080
Palliative Laser induced thermal-therapy for recurrent head
and neck cancer: the UCLA experience
MARCOS B PAIVA; ROMAINE E SAXTON; KEITH E BLACKWELL; ROBERT LUFKIN; MICHAEL MASTERMAN-SMITH;
MICHAEL BUBLIK; JOEL SERCARZ; DAN J CASTRO
Laser induced thermal-therapy (LITT) is a promising clinical
alternative that has recently become a useful minimally invasive procedure for palliation of recurrent or inoperable head
and neck tumors. During the last ten years at UCLA, palliative
LITT of head and neck tumors has evolved in a stepwise fashion using the infrared Nd:YAG laser (1064nm). Phase I studies
demonstrated that LITT was safe and feasible as a minimally
invasive technique to head and neck cancer. We review the results of a Phase II study recently completed at our institution.
OP081
Study through MEV dental cavity prepare and thermic variation analysis comparing with adamantine tip usage and the
Laser Er:YAG
ADRIANA PAULA MAGACHO DA SILVA; TATIANA APARECIDA MAGACHO; MARIA CRISTINA CHAVANTES; PRISCILA
LIPORONI; PAULO DANIEL DE CASTRO LOBO
Objective Analyze temperature variance of pulpar camera during cavities preparation class V, using Laser Er:YAG and high
rotation pen on vestibular faces in accordance with predetermine parameters. Methodology Using thirty human premolars
healthy teeth break in two groups: The first group, the cavity
prepares had been done using a spherical adamantine tip number 1012kg Sorensen attached with a high rotation pen. The
second group, the cavity prepares had been done using the
Laser Er: YAG. The cavity prepares was done on vestibular
faces and tongue of each tooth, being thirty prepares with
Laser and thirty prepares with adamantine tip, totalizing sixty
cavities. It was utilized a termopar introduced in the radicle
top, in order to verify the temperatures alterations. Results This
study shows that the temperature increases stayed around of 46
C for the second Group, however the first one did not have any
temperature variation. In the electronic microscopy trial, it was
evidenced similar aspects after cavity preparation either with
Laser or Adamantine tip use. Conclusion Based on experimental conditions of this work, which air and water refrigeration
were essential and assured, an intrapulpar temperature increases, above 1,6°C, was evidenced during the cavity prepare
with Laser Er:YAG, as well as, with the high rotation pen.
OP082
Low Potency Laser treatment for acute dehiscence saphenactomy process
NARA SHOJI; CIBELI DE OLIVEIRA; TATIANA APARECIDA
MAGACHO; MARIA CRISTINA CHAVANTES
Relevance and Objective Saphenactomy Dehiscence after myocardia’s revascularization correspond to 10% induced patient’s
health debilitate and increases time and costs of hospital stays,
mostly. In this way, this study proposal is to analyze the “decidual” restitution process in acute treatment of surgical incision, by dehiscence making use of the low potency laser.
Methodology Analyzing 9 patients that after myocardia’s
revascularization evaluated for dehiscence surgical saphenactomy, that was divided in 04 groups, according with their
wound’s proportion and other similar aspects. Group 1 presented a little and superficial dehiscence. Group 2 was exposed
to an intermediate proportion reaching deeper skin coatting.
Group 3 was also considered intermediate, evidencing deeper
lesions with larger and deepness areas. Group 4 was exposed to
deep lesions with sequential volume’s lose. The Laser used
was a Diode C.W with 655 nm wavelengh, 4 j/cm2 volubility
applied punctual and around surgical wound’shore. Results Analyzing our study’s results, it exposed patients with similar and
homogenous profiles. The Group 1 patients presented a positive and effective response in surgical’s wound cicatrization.
Discordant, Groups 2, 3 and 4, in which lesions exposed volumetric “decidual” substancial lost. Was observed distinguished
stages during cicatrization period of time, evidenced by
dose/time curves. Although, algid response was extremely incisive in all groups, with increases on these patients quality life.
Conclusion Intrinsic factors as, devitalized skin presence, extrinsic incisions decidual volume lost (obesity, diabetes, hypertension) interfers thus in time as in decidual process reparation
quality and in acute deiscence safenactomy cases the Laser
therapy has shown be over important in the treatment of this
refractory group’s natural cicatrization after safenactomy.
OP084
Preliminary study of Low Potency Laser use regarding to the
constrict strength of health and atrophic musculatures
LUCIANO RAMOS; TATIANA APARECIDA MAGACHO;
ADRIANA PAULA MAGACHO DA SILVA; MARIA CRISTINA
CHAVANTES
Objective Analyze Low Potency Laser effects in the anterior
tibial muscle potential constrict, therefore healthy or atrophic
male Wistar rats. Methodology Six groups of animals, with five
animals each, composed the sample. Group 1 dashed by
healthy animal (Control) Group 2 dashed by healthy animal,
which were submitted by irradiation of low potency laser HeNe,
with 0,5 j/cm2 volubility Group 3 dashed by healthy animal,
which were submitted by irradiation of low potency laser HeNe,
with 1,0 j/cm2 volubility Group 4 dashed by atrophic animals
(Control) Group 5 dashed by atrophic animals, which were
submitted by irradiation of low potency laser HeNe, with 0,5
j/cm2 volubility Group 6 dashed by atrophic animals, which
were submitted by irradiation of low potency laser HeNe, with
1,0 j/cm2 volubility Results In healthy animals, Laser do not
change muscle strength gain. In relation to the atrophied animals, it was noticed first a muscle strength waste, however
110
13904ABS.PGS
2/14/05
1:54 PM
Page 111
2004 ABSTRACTS WALT
after the constrict strength increases was demonstrated in a significant way. Conclusion Laser usage shows significant capacity of muscles contractibility in atrophied animals, depending
on the suitable applied by LLLT dosimetry.
OP085
Eccentric Trachea’s Stenosis submitted to Laser Therapy
treatment
TATIANA APARECIDA MAGACHO; SUELY TOMIMURA;
CIBELI DE OLIVEIRA; LUCIANO RAMOS; MARIA CRISTINA
CHAVANTES
Background Trachea’s Stenosis is the most frequent anatomic
disease after a long period in a drawn out tube. The surgery intervention, innumerable times do not reach the expected successful results, developing anastomosis in a new trachea’s region.
The Laser has been used in the oral regions with a proven success for more the two decades. Objective This work objectives
is to analyze the Laser photo-resection front of innumerable
therapeutically procedures to prevent stenosis refraction. Methodology Patient J.L.P., 47 years old, male, Caucasian, who had
polytraumatism, the reason why he had developed trachea’s
stenosis. He was submitted by innumerous expansion procedures
with no response and after a conventional trachea’s plastic surgery, taking off three cartilage rings. Months later, he was directed to our Health Care Department, disclosing a progressive
thalassemia dyspnoea and cyanosis, due to thalassemia. The
image exams disclosed that the lesion was extensive (40 mm),
having its start in sub glottis far just 20mm from vocal chords.
Around 75% of trachea’s lumen presented occlusion. It was
used the Nd-YAG Laser, CW; contact mode with P=12w, T=0,5s.
Results An excellent trachea’s lumen was achieved, after bronchoscopes photo-resection, with no occurrence during and
after surgery. After 24h after POI, the patient could go home
with no symptoms or medical care. Following this case up it
has been demonstrating stability focusing respiratory perspective. Conclusion The stenosis correction using this technique
was the unique indicated procedure for this case. Such fact, has
been keeping us inspirited to conclude that this method is an
efficient therapeutic option for refractory stenosis correction.
OP086
GaAs Laser treatment of venous leg ulcers. a pilot trial with
control and crossing groups
FERNANDO SORIANO; VILMA CAMPANA; MAURO SORIANO; ROCIO SORIANO
The aim of this presentation is to show and to discuss the results of a prospective clinical study that compare patients with
VLU irradiated with GaAs laser versus a control group without
irradiation. Material and Methods: We incorporated patients with
VLU of more than 3 months of evolution, and with a Size Rate
(diameter major + diameter minor) greater than 4. Patients
were designed to group A (laser irradiation) or to group B (control) in a proportion of 2:1. 122 of 154 patients in the group A
and 46 of 77 patients of group B fulfilled the selection criteria.). Patients of group A were irradiated with a pulsed GaAs
diode laser, 904 nm, pulse width 200 nsec, peak power of 20
W, average power 40 mW, spot size 150 um2 in area and an
angle divergence of 6°. We considered complete healing the
total resolution of the wound; partial when the ulcer healing
was more than 50% of the initial Size Rate, and non healing
when the final Size Rate of the ulcer was less than 50% of the
initial one. VLU were treated during 6 months period maximum or until the ulcer was completely healed. Patients of both
groups with non healing ulcers were crossed of groups and
changed the treatment. These new groups called Group A2
(laser irradiation) incorporated 15 patients that failed the healing from group B and Group B2 (local treatment) incorporated
21 patients with non healing ulcers from Group A. These new
patients incorporated to Group A2 were irradiated with the
same protocol with laser and patients transfer to group B2 were
treated only with local care. Results: Rates of healing: Total
healing Group A 69,67%; Group B 26,09%. Relation between
total healing and ulcer size: Size rate 16 Group A healed 19,05%
Group B 0%. Relation between total healing and ulcer time of
evolution: 3-6 months Group A 82,35%, Group B 40% ; > 12
months Group A 42,10%, Group B 0%. Relation between total
healing and edema: with edema Group A healed 25,80%, group
B 20%, without edema. Group A healed 84,62% and Group B
30,56%. In the crossing groups after 6 months of follow up the
results were: Group A2 (irradiated patients): Total healing 33,33;
partial healing 33,33% and non healing 33,33%. In Group B2
(local care) total healing 4,76%; partial healing 23,81% and
non healing 71,43%. Conclusions:In the control group, 26% of
patients healed the lesion, but when the size was greater and
the evolution time of the ulcer had more than one year there
was not healing. On the other hand, the irradiated group healed
69,67% of the ulcers and this rate was lessened to 19,05% in
ulcers of great size and to 42,10% in lesions of more than one
year old. These results are statistically significant and demonstrate the usefulness of the Ga As laser irradiation in VLU, despite the low rate of healing in ulcers of great size. In ulcers
smaller than size rate of 16 and with a time of evolution less
than one year, the rate of healing was very high and the appearance with the control group is conclusive. It was showy to us
that when edema was present LLLT lost its effectiveness. We
found similar suggested results when we crossed the patients
that failed the healing. GaAs laser with the doses and the technique used accelerates the healing of venous leg ulcers. In ulcers of great size and with long time of evolution the effect
decreases. In the presence of edema we failed to demonstrate
therapeutic effects at the doses and technique applied.
OP087
A pilot study in general practice assessing the efficacy of 830
nm, 300 mW Low Power Laser Therapy in the management
of chronic neck pain
ROBERTA CHOW; LESLIE BARNSLEY; GILLIAN Z. HELLER;
PHILIP J. SIDDALL
Objective: This pilot study was undertaken to test techniques
of application of laser, appropriate outcome measures and to
determine effect sizes, in order to facilitate the performance of
a larger clinical trial of laser therapy in chronic neck pain.
Methods: We conducted a double-blind, randomized, placebocontrolled pilot study of 20 patients, 10 in each group, with
chronic neck pain. Tender points elicited by palpation were
treated twice a week, for up to 30 min, for 7 weeks. The outcome measures used were a 10cm Visual Analogue Scale [VAS]
for pain, a Self-Reported Improvement in pain [SRI], measured by a VAS, Short-Form 36 Quality-of-Life questionnaire
[SF-36], Northwick Park Neck Pain Questionnaire [NPNPQ]
111
13904ABS.PGS
2/14/05
1:54 PM
Page 112
2004 ABSTRACTS WALT
and the McGill Pain Questionnaire [MPQ]. Measurements were
taken at baseline, at the end of 7 weeks treatment and at 12
weeks from baseline. Results: We found a positive, pain-relieving effect in the treated group compared with those given
placebo using the VAS.
OP088
The effect of 300mW, 830 nm laser on chronic neck pain: a
prospective, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled
study.
ROBERTA CHOW; LESLIE BARNSLEY; GILLIAN Z. HELLER;
PHILIP J. SIDDALL
Abstract: This study was undertaken to test the efficacy of
300mW, 830nm laser in a prospective double-blind, randomised,
placebo-controlled trial in patients with chronic neck pain.
Methods: We conducted a prospective, randomised, doubleblind, placebo-controlled study of low-level laser therapy in 90
patients with chronic neck pain. Laser was applied using the
contact method over tender areas in the neck musculature, twice
a week for 7 weeks. The primary outcome measure was change
in a 10cm Visual Analogue Scale [VAS] for pain. Other measures used included a Self-Reported Improvement in pain [SRI],
measured by a VAS, Short-Form 36 Quality-of-Life questionnaire [SF-36], Northwick Park Neck Pain Questionnaire [NPNQ],
Neck Pain and Disability Scale (NPAD) and the McGill Pain
Questionnaire. Measurements were taken at baseline, at the
end of 7 weeks treatment and at 12 weeks from baseline. Results: Using intention-to-treat analysis, we found a positive,
pain-relieving effect in the treated group, compared with those
given placebo, from base line to 12 weeks, using the VAS
[p0.065] and other MPQS and MPQA scores (p = 0.3, p = 0.5)
did not differ significantly between the two groups. Patients in
the treated group experienced a mean self reported improvement of 48.5% compared with 3.99% in the placebo group.
Conclusion: This study provides strong evidence for the use of
830nm, 300mW Low-Level Laser Therapy in patients with
chronic neck pain.
OP089
A systematic review of the literature of Low Level Laser
Therapy (LLLT) in the management of neck pain
ROBERTA CHOW
Abstract: Background: there is limited evidence of efficacy for
physical treatments for neck pain. Low-Level Laser Therapy
(LLLT) is safe, painless and easy to administer and would provide a useful addition to the range of treatment options. Aims:
we sought to systematically review the evidence for the use of
LLLT in the treatment of neck pain and to identify the optimal
laser parameters. Methods: a systematic search of computerized bibliographic databases was undertaken for randomized
controlled trials of laser therapy for neck pain. Twenty studies
were identified, five of which met the inclusion criteria. Four
had satisfactory (3/ 5, Jadad scale) methodological scores. A
technical assessment of laser parameters was also undertaken.
Results: four of the five included trials reported unequivocally
positive pain-relieving effects. Infrared wavelengths were used
in all trials. Two trials evaluated the effect of laser with
820–830nm; one trial, using 904nm laser, demonstrated limited effectiveness in acute pain and reduced recurrence of pain
at six months; one study, using 780nm laser, provided limited
evidence for short term benefit of exercise plus LLLT. There
was an absence of evidence for the effects of visible wavelengths. Only one trial reported minor side effects. There was
heterogeneity in energy densities used and sites targeted, precluding a formal meta-analysis. Conclusion: this review supports LLLT for the treatment of neck pain. However, the
available RCTs are small and heterogeneous and publication
bias has not been excluded. Larger studies are required to confirm the positive findings and identify the most effective laser
parameters.
OP090
Indication of the Laser use in the periapical surgery—Case
report
DANIELA SIQUEIRA MACHADO PRATA; ALDO BRUGNERA JUNIOR; FÁTIMA ZANIN;JOSE FRANCISCO SALLES
CHAGAS
The authors presents a case report where a 60 years old male
was treated of a periapical cist in the anterior area of the
mandible with a bone loss and destruction of the anterior bone
board in the affected area. The intra osseous lesion was removed through vestibule access due a pediculated retail that
possibilities the view of the affected area and the non-affected
bone rim. Using the laser Er-YAG (Laser Er-YAG-Kawo Key
2, Germany, 350 mj, 10 Hz) the apex of the right lateral and
central incisors were removed promoting a non- oscillated cut.
Er-YAG laser was also used on the reminiscent cavity to remove the cystic remainder and microbe. Retro obturation of
the involved teeth was accomplished using endodontic cement
Sealer 26 and the retail was replaced in order to close remain
cavity. Due the action of guide bone regeneration a bovine collagen membrane (Gen – Derm, Genius, Brazil) was interposed
between the mucous retail and the osseous defect. Elapsed period of 24 hours therapeutic laser (Laser Red Diode- 650 nm,
Kondortech- Brazil) was used and after 20 days the CO2 laser
(Laser CO2- 15 F- Sharplan- Israel, 6W, CW, vaporization) was
also used to improve the aesthetical results in the area where
underwent mucous retail. Different types of laser are presented;
also their application and improvements, integrating laser with
maxillofacial and oral surgery.
OP091
Effects of Nd:YAP Laser on dentin permeability after endodontic preparation: a scanning electron microscopic study
CARLOS HENRIQUE DE SALES DIAS SANTOS; ÉRIKA
KOGA; LUCILA PIRES MOLINA; MARCELO JOSÉ PEREIRA
ZAMPIERI; WALTER JOÃO GENOVESE; RENATO AMARO
ZÅNGARO
This study evaluated in vitro the capacity of reduction of
dentin permeability using the Nd:YAP laser (1340?m) after endodontic preparation. For this purpose, 30 human teeth were
prepared by serial technique with 0,5% sodium hipoclorite and
final irrigation with EDTA-T and than divided in three groups:
GI- control group; GII- laser parameter I (5Hz; 0,9W; 180mJ)
and GIII- laser parameter II (5Hz, 1,8W, 360mJ). After endodontic preparation of all groups and irradiation of GII and
GIII, specimens had been split longitudinally and one hemiface of the canal was submitted to SEM (Scanning Electron
Microscope) analysis. Less amounts of open tubules had been
observed in the irradiated groups when compared with control
112
13904ABS.PGS
2/14/05
1:54 PM
Page 113
2004 ABSTRACTS WALT
group. Use the Nd:YAP laser was effective in the reduction of
dentin permeability.
OP93
PANYED (includes LLLT) as a viable option instead of spine
surgeries
PRAKASH B KATARIYA; S S GHUMARE
PANYED for avoiding spine surgery in neurological complications Abbreviations: PANYED=Photo medicine (LLLT) +
Yoga + Ayurveda + Nutrition + Exercise + (Allopathic) Drugs
Background & Objectives: authors therefore investigated efficacy of PYANMED in spondylosis and PID patients with and
without cord compression in avoiding spine surgery. Participants: this study includes 20 adult known cases of spondylosis
and PID in cervical and lumber spine area with neurological
complications who were advised early spine surgery.Most of
them exhibit cord compression on MRI. Whereas others express it clinically. Results: results of this study in this small
group demonstrated that PANYED is a viable treatment option
in spondylosis and PID with or without cord compression It
could save their surgery for spine in all participants in this
small group.
OP094
A Raman Spectroscopy study of neoplastic tissue: basal and
squamous cell carcinoma
AIRTON ABRAHÌO MARTIN; RENATA A.B. CARTERA;
ALDERICO R. DE PAULA JRA; IVAN D.O. SANTOS; CARLOS J-T CRIOLLOA
Raman Spectroscopy is an inelastic scattering process that can
provide a wealth of spectral features that can be related to the
specific molecular structure of the sample. FT-Raman Spectroscopy is an information-rich technique that can be applied to
almost any biomolecule without labeling. The specificity of the
technique makes it an attractive alternative to conventional
biomedical analysis. Skin cancers are the most common form
of malignant neoplasm in man, and melanoma is the most aggressive of them. The specificity and sensitivity of clinical diagnosis of skin cancer could vary from around 40% to 80%.
Differences in FT-Raman spectra between Basal Cell Carcinoma, Squamous Cell Carcinoma and normal skin indicated alterations in protein and lipid structure in skin cancer samples.
In our experiments spectral changes were observed in protein
bands, amide I (1640–1680 cm-1), amide III (1220–1300 cm-1),
in the amino acids proline and valine bands (928–940 cm-1),
and in bands characteristic of lipids, CH2 scissoring vibration
(1420–1450 cm-1) and CH2 twist vibration around 1300 cm-1.
Moreover, possible changes in polysaccharide structure were
found in the region 840–860 cm-1. A comparison of presented
spectra reveals unique spectral fingerprints that underlie difference between squamous cell carcinoma and normal skin. Diagnosis of skin lesions is a particularly appealing concept because
technological progress has recently allowed Raman spectra to
be obtained non-invasively, directly from the surface of the
skin. Based on this and previous reports it can be concluded
that their exists a difference in spectral intensity between normal skin tissue and squamous cell carcinoma and it is hoped
that in the future Raman spectroscopy will used in clinical
medicine. AAM thank to CNPq (30 2393/2003–0) and FAPESP
2001/14384–8) for providing financial support and Bruker.
OP095
Pilot study : new treatment applying LLLT in tracheal stenosis. Using biomodulated effect
MARIA CRISTINA CHAVANTES
Background/Objective: Tracheal stenosis is a frequent anatomic
complication after long entubation period. Even a surgical repair does not reach the expected success, due to the development of new granuloma into the anastomosed region. Our aim
was to investigate the effect of LLLT in refractory tracheobronchial stenosis, despite several therapeutical procedures
performed previously. Material/Method: we studied 5 patients,
that presented severe cardiopulmonary process, w/ recurrence
of tracheal stenosis, despite diverse conventional treatment executed before. All patients underwent to an endoluminal bronchoscopy due to refractory granuloma and scar tissue that
obstructed the tracheal lumen. At first, it was applied endoscopically a semiconductor Laser – InGaAlP (DMC Co) w/
=685nm, P=35 mW a. Dose= 8 J/cm onto the tracheal lumen.
These individuals received a total of 3 sessions of =830nm a.
having the same dosimetry, starting from the immediate PO a.
subsequently on the next day. Result: these patients did not
refer any sign or symptom of endotracheal obstruction or related complications. They were accompanied for periodical
follow-up exams (CTscan, MRI) a. through bronchoscopic
reevaluations. No granuloma or scar tissues were identified in
the previous area treated transcutaneously w/ LLLT. Conclusion: this pilot study revealed to be an efficient method under
LLLT to prevent inflammatory granulation tissue formation or
even resilient scar tissue, due to tracheal stenosis through a
successful Biomodulation effect. In the near future, transcutaneously Lasertherapy seems to approach a less invasive a. effective treatment for severe stenosis.
OP096
Prevention or acute treatment right after a risky surgery:
does LLLT decrease complications?
MARIA CRISTINA CHAVANTES; IVANY MC. BAPTISTA, G.
KAJITA, NARA SHOJI.
Background/Objective: in Brazil the cardiovascular disease is
the causa mortis leader. There was significant increase in the
rate of chronic pathologies such as: Diabetes mellitus, Obesity,
Hypertension. These illnesses are an aggravating factor for
heart disease, that tend to elevate the morbidity-mortality after
conventional risky surgery. Our aim in this study was to prevent wound dehiscence and/or incision infection post-surgery,
which still represents a therapeutical challenge in the medical
field. Material/Method: we investigated 112 patients who underwent two different protocols to open heart surgery. These
were divided into two main groups : Group I—Preventive form
(sternectomy) a. Group II—Preventive a. Therapeutical form
(saphenectomy). GI = 40 pat. were subdivided equally into
Control Group (placebo) a. Laser (Diode =655nm) Group
(GIL). All 72 pat. belonged to GII, that were split into GIIA=
prevention, that were submitted to Diode Laser (=830nm) a.
Control Group (placebo). GIIB treated patients were irradiated
(=655nm; P=25mW) all through the surrounding dehiscence
lesion. GIL a. GIIA pat. received 3 Laser applications, starting
in the I.PO a. each 3 days (two sessions). Similar dosimetry
was calculated a. statistic analysis employed. Result: Laser
113
13904ABS.PGS
2/14/05
1:54 PM
Page 114
2004 ABSTRACTS WALT
Group (GI) presented 5 times less incidence of dehiscence than
the Control Group that stayed twice longer as in-patients (pvalue=0,015). GIIA also revealed a decrease of complications,
especially dehiscence to one-third compared w/ placebo. Treatment Group (GIIB) showed early pain reduction a. better healing process on less time recovery. Conclusion: Our results point
out for all Groups that LLLT preventived an effective action to
decrease morbidity significantly. Patients’ follow-up signaled
conclusive Biomodulated effects on acute treatment: less invasive procedure, improving the patients’ quality of life a. costeffectiveness treatment.
OP97
Role of PANYED (includes LLLT) in CAD
PRAKASH B KATARIYA; S S GHUMARE
Research Grant/Funding: For this study no funding or grant was
available directly or indirectly, from any source what so ever.
Background: CAD is primary cause of death and ill health across
the globe. Heart surgeries like grafting, stenting, plasty, and transmyocardial laser revascularization (TMLR) have been conducted
for severe CAD. Scientists have been inventing new innovative
treatments, in search of better solution for severe CAD. Objective: aim of the present study was to investigate the efficacy of
LLLT as an viable option to heart surgeries for CAD. The study
also examines efficacy of LLLT in severe CAD after failure of
heart surgery and last but not less important, if LLLT can prevent
complications of CAD like myocardial infarction, fibrillation etc.
Methods: transcutaneous LLLT infra red irradiation for myocardium was delivered through intercostal muscles on areas of cardiac dullness, targeting heart. Intravenous red beam was also
used for LBI in each patient The results were studied clinically as
well as few affording patients were studied by myocardial perfusion thallium studies. Results: in 94 % LLLT of irradiated participants the frequency and intensity of angina was remarkably
reduced. The need for anti angina medicine was substantially reduced or nullified. While the participants were on reduced or no
medicines during experiment; excellent improvement in exercise
tolerance was observed. LLLT was also demonstrated to be effective in the participants unrelieved by undergoing CABG/ angioplasty. The blood pressure and glucose and lipid metabolism was
observed to be favorably altered. Thallium scans done in few participants demonstrated better myocardial perfusion after LLLT
than before. All the participants were free from complications of
CAD. Conclusions: the results of the present study demonstrate
that PANYED is a viable, non surgical, safe, less expensive,
option to heart surgeries for severe CAD. LLLT was also effective in severe CAD participants who were unrelieved by heart
surgeries.
OP098
LLLT for PAD & Gangrene-to save almost all amputations
PRAKASH KATARIYA; S S GHUMARE
Occlusive Peripheral Arterial Disease (OPAD) is becoming commoner with epidemic of atherosclerosis, all over the globe. Severe PAD may lead to vascular surgeries or amputation of the
limb. Researchers investigated if LLLT can save amputations &
surgeries IV. Material Methods: A. Participants: this study included fourteen participants, eleven males and four females, aged
25 to 77. In this group 8 participants were advised amputation
and three were advised vascular surgery, by vascular surgeons for
patient’s gangrene/non healing wounds/ severe occlusions in
major arteries. Medical treatment was advised for only four participants. 9 of them had associated diseases like 6 of them had diabetes 8 had hypertension and 2 of them had coronary disease
Four participants in this group had no associated disease like DM
or HT or IHD. Seven participants in this group were suffering
even after undergoing surgery for PAD. Each participant was
treated with LLLT as a monotherapy as an OPD patient. IV. Delivery of LLLT: the LLLT was delivered by three routes: A. Transcutaneous routes: LLLT was given on area of blockages in the
arteries. Infra red 880–890 nm; B. Intravenous route: LLLT was
administered via blood Irradiation (IV-LBI): Red (633–635nm);
C. Direct route: LLLT was administered directly on open wound /
gangrene 633–635nm @ 4J/cm2. Results: the repeated arterial
Doppler studies before and after LLLT showed substantial improvements in terms of arterial blood supply, tissue perfusion,
better healing o non healing wounds etc. in all participants including the participants who were unrelieved by previous surgeries for PAD. Vascular surgeries or amputation was not required
in any participant. There was no mortality, morbidity and complications in all the participants. Results can be clinically observed
from relief of common symptoms or concerning symptoms: VII.
Conclusions: A. LLLT could salvage 100% limbs from amputations/ vascular surgeries in PAD in this small group; B. LLLT
prevented all major complications in PAD like embolism, heart
attacks; C. LLLT found to be safe, less expensive, minimally invasive, organ salvaging and therefore most superior treatment for
PAD; D. LLLT was found to be equally effective in PAD unrelieved by surgical interventions.
PP001
Effect of gainalp (685 nm) radiation on lipopolysaccharide
induced rat trachea hyperreactivity
FLÁVIO AIMBIRE SOARSE DE CARVALHO; RENATO
GOMES DE MAGALHÃES; REGIANE ALBERTINI; HUGO
CAIRE CASTRO FARIA NETO; MARIA CRISTINA CHAVANTES; MARCOS TADEU TAVARES PACHECO
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of a
low level laser therapy (LLLT) on male Wistar rat trachea hyperreactivity (RTHR) after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration. The RTHR was measured by isometric contraction.
Rats were irradiated in vivo during 42 s. It was observed that a
laser energy density of 37 J/cm2 reduced the maximal contractile response and the sensibility to methacholine (MCh). Our
results suggest that the anti-inflammatory effect with LLLT on
lung inflammation is time dependent.
PP002
Helium-neon Laser in viability of random skin flap in rats
CARLOS EDUARDO PINFILDI; RICHARD ELOIN LIEBANO;
LYDIA MASAKO FERREIRA; RODRIGO PASCHOAL PRADO
Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the role of helium-neon laser (He-Ne) in viability of random skin flap in
rats. Methods: Were used 48 Wistar-EPM rats, weighed and divided in 4 groups with 12 rats in each group. The random skin
flap was performed measuring of 10 4 cm, with a plastic sheet
interposed between the flap and the donor site. The Group 1
(control) underwent sham irradiation with the He-Ne laser. The
Group 2 was submitted to the laser irradiation, using the punctual contact technique on the skin flap surface. The group 3
114
13904ABS.PGS
2/14/05
1:54 PM
Page 115
2004 ABSTRACTS WALT
was submitted to the laser irradiation surrounding the skin flap
and the group 4 was submitted to the laser irradiation on the
skin flap surface and around it. The experimental groups were
submitted to He-Ne laser irradiation with energy density of 3
J/cm2 immediately after the surgery and for the next four subsequent days. The percentage of necrotic area of the four groups
was calculated at the seventh postoperative day, through a paper
template method. Results: The Group 1 obtained the average
necrotic area of 48,86%, the Group 2 – 38,67%, Group 3 –
35,34% and the Group 4 – 22,61%. After the statistic analysis,
the results showed that all experimental groups obtained values
statistically significant compared to the control group, and the
Group 4 was the best group compared to all the groups of this
study (p<0,001).Conclusion: The laser He-Ne irradiation was
efficient in increasing random skin flap viability in rats.
PP003
Low Level Laser Therapy in the healing of venous ulcer: a
case report
RICHARD ELOIN LIEBANO; LEILA BLANES; GUSTAVO
ROBERTO DE GODOY; RENATO PARANHOS SOARES; JOSÉ
DE ARIMATÉIA; LYDIA MASAKO FERREIRA
Introduction: The venous ulcer is the most frequent ulcer type
in the hind limbs, representing almost 70% of all ulcer cases.
According to MAFFEI (1995), it is one of the late complications of the chronic venous insufficiency, attacking 1.5% of the
adult population. The aim of this study was to describe the evolution of the venous ulcer healing by using low level laser therapy. Clinical trial: I. Z., 69 years-old, feminine sex, with clinical
historic of arterial hypertension and obesity presented extensive
wound in the back of the right foot for 6 years, which had begin
when she started to scratch the referred area. She used several
products as collagenase, the unna boot, arnica, papaya and
sugar, and presenting no improvement of the wound size and
characteristics. In December, 2002, she received a partial skin
graft in the affected area, but it was lost. In September, 2003,
she began a treatment with HeNe laser (=632,8 nm) application and in the first evaluation the wound area was 141.6 cm2.
The laser application was performed twice a week and photographic follow-up, area measure and lesion characteristics were
performed weekly. Two techniques were used: the punctual
technique with contact (over all the ulcer edge area with a distance of 1 cm between each point) and the punctual technique
without contact (inside the ulcer avoiding to lean the laser in the
ulcer). The applied energy density was 4J/cm2 in the ulcer edge
area and 2 J/cm2 inside the ulcer. After 3 months of treatment,
the wound area was 67.0 cm2, presenting improvement of initial characteristics as granulation tissue, epithelium growth in
the wound edges and serosal exudate. It was observed progressive reduction in the wound area. Conclusion: The laser therapy
is used to promote the healing of ulcers and its effects in the
process of tissue reparation have been studied.
PP004
Diode Laser in viability of random skin flap in rats
RODRIGO PASCHOAL PRADO; CARLOS EDUARDO PINFILDI; RICHARD ELOIN LIEBANO; BERNARDO HOCHMAN; LYDIA MASAKO FERREIRA
Diode Laser in viability of random skin flap in rats. Prado RP,
Pinfildi CE, Liebano RE, Hochman B, Ferreira LM. Objective:
The aim of this study was to determine the role of Diode Laser
in viability of random skin flap. Methods: 48 Wistar-EPM rats
were submitted to random skin flap measured 10 4 cm, base
cranial, and a plastic sheet was interposed between the flap and
donor site. The Group 1 (control) underwent sham irradiation
with diode laser (830 nm) in the POI, PO1, PO2, PO3 e PO4,
on the same time. Group 2 was submitted to diode laser irradiation in the Pré-1, Pré-2, Pré-3, Pré-4 e Pré-5 and immediately
after last irradiation was realized the skin flap. Group 3 received diode laser irradiation in the POI, PO1, PO2, PO3 e
PO4, on the same time and the Group 4 was submitted to diode
laser irradiation in the Pré-1, Pré-2, Pré-3, Pré-4 e Pré-5 and
POI, PO1, PO2, PO3 e PO4, on the same time. The energy density was 36 J/cm2 and the probe was held in contact with the
target tissue on a point at 2,5 cm cranial from the flap base. Results: The percentage of necrotic area was calculated at the seventh postoperative day in 4 groups (average of Group 1 was
48,86%, Group 2 – 36,48%, Group 3 – 23,14% and Group 4 –
31,08%) through a paper template method. Conclusion: The
statistic analysis showed that the diode laser was efficient in
increasing random ischemic skin flap viability in rats and the
diode laser in the postoperative was more efficient than other
groups.
PP005
Effects of the CO2 laser combined with fluoridated toothpaste
on human dental enamel
LIDIANY KARLA AZEVEDO RODRIGUES; EVELYN ALVAREZ VIDIGAL; ALDO BRUGNERA-JÚNIOR; FÁTIMA
ZANIN; LUIS EDUARDO SOUSA SOARES; MARINÊS
NOBRE-DOS-SANTOS
This in vitro pilot study investigated the CO2 laser effects on
caries inhibition in sound human dental enamel. Thirty six
human enamel specimens were used and were randomly assigned to six groups, as follows: I) Control; II) 1W; III) 2W;
IV) 3W; V) 4W; VI) 5W. The control group was not irradiated
and the other ones were irradiated using low crescent potencies
and a tooth whitening tip. Fourier transform Raman Spectroscopy (FTRS) was used to study the surface composition of
specimens after irradiation. One specimen from each group
was analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy and the remaining ones were submitted to an 8-day pH cycling model
(demineralizing solution pH=4.6 and remineralizing solution
pH=7.0) using fluoridated toothpaste, twice a day. After pHcycling, the cross-section microhardness was performed for
mineral loss quantification. The data were analyzed by
ANOVA and Tuckey’s test (at a significant level of 0.05). No
alterations were found either in SEM photomicrographies or
RAMAN Spectrum of the specimens in all groups. The mineral
loss values for groups I to VI (n=5) were: 1741.6±725.3a;
1782.7±639.0a; 1427.2±237.0a; 1780.6±552.4a; 1385.2±602.2a;
943.1±228.1a, respectively. The only group which presented
percentage of caries inhibition was group VI (45.8%); however
the differences among mineral loss of the irradiated groups
were not statistically significant when compared to Control
Group. The use of CO2 laser with low potencies did not prevent more caries development than the use of fluoridated toothpaste, even though group VI had presented good results in
caries inhibition.
115
13904ABS.PGS
2/14/05
1:54 PM
Page 116
2004 ABSTRACTS WALT
PP006
Assessment of enamel chemistry composition and its relationship with caries susceptibility
LIDIANY KARLA AZEVEDO RODRIGUES; ALDO BRUGNERA-JÚNIOR FÁTIMA ZANIN; AIRTON ABRAÃO MARTIN;
LUIS EDUARDO SOUSA SOARES; MARINÊS NOBRE DOS
SANTOS
It is well known that enamel components are related to enamel
caries susceptibility, thus, non-destructive techniques to be used
in selecting homogeneous dental enamel has been studied. This
study aimed to determine the enamel components that make it
more susceptible to in vitro demineralization. Fourier transform Raman Spectroscopy (FTRS) was used to verify the relative amounts of organic material and mineral of enamel before
and after being submitted to an 8-day pH cycling model using
fluoridated toothpaste. FTRS was performed in 30 enamel slabs
which were subsequently demineralized, after this procedure,
the slabs were again analyzed by FTRS. The cross-section microhardness was performed for mineral loss (Z) quantification.
Slabs that presented the greatest differences in the caries development pattern, considering Z mean (Z=1,510.1±623.4; n=30),
were selected in order to constitute 2 groups with statistically
different Z values, more demineralized group (MDG) and less
demineralized group (LDG) which had Z=2,368.9±421.7a and
909.2±229.2b (n=8), respectively. The differences between
both MDG and LDG regarding enamel components (phosphate,
carbonate and organic matrix) determined by FTRS, before
and after pHC, were accessed by t test (at a level of significance of 0.05). The results showed that all groups presented
less carbonate and organic compounds after demineralization.
Regarding phosphate content, LDG showed no difference between this component before and after pHC. Before pHC,
MDG carbonate content was statistically greater than that one
found in LDG. The presence of correspondent band of calcium
fluoride was not observed after pH-cycling. In conclusion, only
carbonate quantity influenced enamel susceptibility to in vitro
demineralization and FT-RAMAN is a non-destructive appropriate technique to select homogeneous enamel samples.
PP007
Study of the morphological analysis through sem of the dentin
and cement surfaces after apicetomy with either zekrya bur
or Er:YAG Laser followed by direct and indirect irradiation
with Nd:YAG Laser
ABILIO ALBUQUERQUE MARANHÃO DE MOURA; CARLOS DE PAULA EDUARDO; NILSON DIAS VIEIRA JUNIOR;
CAMILLA DE FREITAS CARVALHO; CACIO DE MOURA
NETTO
The aim of this study is to analyze the apical surface obtained
by resetting the root end 2mm from the tooth anatomical apex
using either a Zekrya bur or the Er:YAG laser irradiation followed by a direct and indirect irradiation of the apical surface
with the Nd:YAG laser. We used 12 uniradicular teeth divided
in 4 groups. The specimens were prepared for analysis through
scanning electron microscopy. We observed that the group
treated with Zekrya bur presented an irregular surface showing
grooves on the resected dentin and, a minimum shift and plasticization of the gutta-percha. The group treated with Er:YAG
laser showed morphological alterations in the dentin surface.
Additionally, the gutta-percha was plasticized presenting a regular adaptation in the root canal walls. Independently of the resecting method used (e.g. Zekrya bur or Er:YAG laser) the
direct irradiation with the Nd:YAG laser lead to resolidification of the cement, which presented a vitrified aspect. The indirect irradiation with Nd:YAG laser obtained by sapphire mirror
produced lesser effects on the cement showing only areas of irregular resolidification. Key-works: Lasers Nd:YAG, Er:YAG
– Apicetomy – SEM
PP008
Pulp response to 660 nm Low Intensity Laser Radiation—
Histological evaluation
GIRLENE EVANGELISTA PREZOTTO VILLA; CATIRSE,
A.B.E.B; LIZARELLI, R.F.Z, LIA, R.C.C.; LUNARDI, L.A.
Sensibility after cavity preparation and dentine’s hypersensibility are a frequent problem in clinical practice. The use of
laser therapy for treatment of these cervical dental lesions is
based on its analgesic and stimulant properties for dental
pulp’s trofism. Cervical sensibility may even be the first responsible in the development of periodontal disease. Several
materials have been used, trying to remove dentine’s cervical
sensibility but didn’t show any effect on long term results. This
study evaluated effectiveness of the semiconductor diode laser
in determining secondary dentine’s formation in rabbit’s teeth.
Material and methods: 6 male adult rabbits had their 12 up incisors teeth irradiated with a semiconductor diode of 665 nm
and 50 mW (DR 500 Laser Beam model- Brasil). They were irradiated with fluencies of 1 J/cm2 (16 seconds) and 12 J/cm2.
(3,2 minutes), both with 24 Hz. Cervical cavities presented
depth of 2 mm and diameter of 3 mm. Light was applied at the
cervical portion, immediately after class V cavity preparation.
Control group were submitted to the same procedures, without
applying laser beam. Animals had their teeth removed and
evaluated 24 h and 15 days after beginning the experiment. During irradiation, a mask was set over the tooth, exposing only
the radiation site. Laser was applied at three points inside the
cavity preparation and one point at the apex of each tooth. The
two comparative fluencies were used in the same animal. Results: Histological evaluating was done using a optic microscope (Nikon-Eclipse E 600) and did not determine different
pulp alterations between comparative doses used and also between the two different periods of time (24 h and 15 days) in
both experiment and control group of animals. Conclusion:
Our results show that using this methodology and fluencies
laser irradiation did not promote a different pulp response from
control group, considering histological evaluation. Further investigations are required, in different species, due to rabbit’s
tooth ability of continuous growth, changing cavity preparation from cervical to oclusal region in a very fast way.
PP009
A new fiber optic delivery systems
JAIME HAIM MNITENTAG; SHLOMO WALFISCH; HAIM
KLEYNMAN; ALEXANDER GERSTEN
Abstract Physicians using laser systems are looking for new
fiber optic delivery systems with better performance, since the
systems found in the market may burn and break easily. The
surgeon may finish the surgery with a damaged delivery system, or has to switch to a new one, increasing thus the inconve-
116
13904ABS.PGS
2/14/05
1:54 PM
Page 117
2004 ABSTRACTS WALT
nience and cost of the surgery. Fibers used with Nd:YAG,
Ho:YAG and diode lasers, led to development of different
shapes of distal tips, each having a specific function, like: excision, vaporization and coagulation of tissue. We searched for a
delivery system of high power, with a tip of high durability that
may be reused many times. We have developed several prototypes of optical fiber delivery systems, and in particular, we
have developed a new special prototype of delivery system that
we called Diamond Shaped Optical Fiber Delivery System or
shortly, Diamond. Making the tip, of an optical fiber, a diamond shaped, we obtained greater mechanical resistance than
that of other delivery systems, which were tested in our laboratory. In the Colorectal Unit we applied it in surgical procedures. Its performance fits the requirements of the surgeons.
PP010
Study of the 500 mw Laser in the cicatrizatin of keloid post
operation—Briefing of the case
MARCUS VINICIUS DE MELLO PINTO; GERALDO ROSA
NASCIMENTO; REGGIANI VILELA GONÇALVES; CRISTIANE MARTINS PINTO; ALFREDO G. FILHO
The goal of the current study was to observe the effects of the
500mW laser in the healing process and in the prevention of
keloid.It was told that a 32 year-old patient case submitted to
surgery for retreat of the 4 keloid one in the right deltoid area,
one in the left deltoide area and other two more in the right
scapular area. The patient received the application of the laser
in the left deltoid for four months and two months application
in the right scapular area. The 500 mW (laser beam) was used
for seven minutes in each scar and the keloid of the right area
was kept control. Samples of the treated tissue were as to removed immediately after surgery and in the end of treatment
with the laser. The study anotomic- patological evinced reorganization of the colagen fibers that became paralell to each other,
wich was not observed in the control. The scarring process was
more evident in the laser treated areas and there was also some
aesthetices improvement of the scar.
PP011
Dental bleaching with Laser and LEDs—Two case reports
DENISE ESPÍNDOLA ANTUNES; GERSINEI CARLOD DE
FREITAS
How to make a decision about dental bleaching systems? It is
not a easy question to be answered. The dentistry literature is
still very small about this point. Because of this, we are intend,
through this paper, to report two protocols adopted in our office for dental bleaching and it’s good results. In our first protocol, we removed the color present in vital teeth of both archs
through extracoronal bleaching with a bleaching gel system
(Whiteness HP: 35% hydrogen peroxide, Ph: 6,0–7,0) which
action was optimized by a laser and leds machine (Whiteness
HP- DMC Products: dual light machine with blue leds sources:
470nm and a infra-red diodo laser souce: 0,5 Watt, 830 nm). In
our second protocol we removed the color present in both upper
incisive nonvital teeth through surgical intracoronal bleaching
with the same way. In both cases we aplicated nine minutes divided in three parts of three minutes of light laser and leds. The
vital dental bleaching was done in just one session and the nonvital dental bleaching was done in two sessions. We had good
results in both cases.
PP012
Morphologic analysis of dentin surface on apical third after
Nd:YAG Laser and Diode Laser irradiation
CACIO DE MOURA NETTO; MIRIAM PORCEL DOS SANTOS ANTONIO; ABILIO ALBUQUERQUE MARANHÃO DE
MOURA; HARRY DAVIDOWICZ; CAMILLA DE FREITAS
CARVALHO; JOSÉ LUIZ LAGE MARQUES
The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro, qualitatively,
through SEM, the morphologic changes of dentin surface on
apical third of 12 extracted human teeth, irradiated with Nd:YAG
laser and Diode laser. The protocol used was for the irradiation
of Nd:YAG laser: 1,5W, 100mJ and 15Hz, in pulsed mode. For
Diode laser, 2,5W in continuous mode. Each specimen was irradiated 4 times of 0,5s/mm and 20s interval among the applications. For the irradiations, a 0,32mm to Nd:YAG laser and a
0,40mm to Diode laser fiber optic tip was used, making helicoidal movements inside the canal, apex-coronal direction. The
roots were split buccolingually and the apical third surfaces
were observed with SEM. As results, morphologic changes were
verified on the dentinal surfaces of the specimens irradiated
with Nd:YAG laser and Diode laser when compared with the
control group. In Nd:YAG group it could be observed melting
and resolidification of dentin, with removal of smear layer and
debris, providing an irregular and deformed surface. It was
also noticed little amount of dentin tubules among melted areas.
The group irradiated with Diode laser obtained similar results,
however the changes appeared in a different pattern, with more
circular formations, and more uniform. Key-works: Lasers
Nd:YAG, Diode – Morphological changes – SEM
PP013
Influence on the apical marginal permeability after Laser irradiation with two wavelengths associated with two endodontic cements
CAMILLA DE FREITAS CARVALHO; JOÃO HUMBERTO
ANTONIAZZI; ABILIO ALBUQUERQUE MARANHÌO DE
MOURA; CARLOS DE PAULA EDUARDO; CACIO DE
MOURA NETTO; HARRY DAVIDOWICZ
The in vitro study aims to evaluate, quantitatively and qualitatively, the Nd:YAG (100mJ; 15Hz; 1,5W; DE124,34J/cm2)
and Diode (2,5W – Potência Média) laser irradiations having
the EDTA-T irrigation as a reference on the root canal apical
sealing when made previously to the root canal filling with two
resin cements (AH Plus and Endo REZ). Qualitative and quantitative analyses were based respectively on the blue methylene
apical marginal linear infiltration readings and on the morphological aspects readings of the cement adaptation on the apical
region walls through SEM images. The apical marginal infiltration reading results after the analysis of variance and Tukey’s
test showed statistical significant differences among the treatment types of the root canal walls independently from root
canal filling cement used. The cements are significant different
among themselves regardless the kind of treatment on the root
canal walls. When the experimental group interactions were
analyzed could be seen that the root canal filling cements did
not present statistical significant differences when the root
canal walls were treated with EDTA-T. The SEM analysis revealed a better AH Plus cement adaptation for the Nd:YAG
laser irradiated root canal walls confirming the microleakage
117
13904ABS.PGS
2/14/05
1:54 PM
Page 118
2004 ABSTRACTS WALT
results. The best results were achieved with the Nd:YAG laser
irradiation associated to the AH Plus cement. Key-works: Root
canal filling – Root canal cements – Lasers Nd:YAG, Diode –
Marginal apical infiltration – Methylene blue dye—SEM
statistical difference about them. Only two teeth showed 100%
of bacterial reduction. The colony count in 48 hours showed that
Enterococcus faecalis were able to survive and grow. Keyworks: Laser Er:YAG – bacterial reduction.
PP014
Histological evaluation of the inflammatory reaction in roots
treated with Nd:YAG, fluoride of sodium, moisturized and
dry implanted in subcutaneous conjunctive of rats
ABILIO ALBUQUERQUE MARANHÃO DE MOURA; LENI
HAMAOKA; MARCIA MARTINS MARQUES; CACIO DE
MOURA NETTO; CAMILLA DE FREITAS CARVALHO;
MIRIAM PORCEL DOS SANTOS ANTONIO
For this research, 64 disto-bucals roots of upper human molars
were used. The roots already filled were separate in four groups.
Group I: root dries left in environment by 3 hours without hydration; Group II: root dries left in environment by 3 hours
without hydration and then soaked in a solution of NaF to
2,4%, pH 5,5 for 20 minutes; Group III: root moisturized with
physiologic serum; Group IV: root dries left in environment by
3 hours without hydration and irradiated with Nd:YAG (2,0W,
100mJ, 20 Hz). Sixteen sterile mice of the race Wistar were selected. The mice were separate in 4 groups of 4 mice each and
sacrificed according to the times try of 24 hours, 168 hours, 45
and 90 days. Made the reading of the sheets, tooked place the
statistical analysis between the different groups and experimental times in relation to inflammatory reaction of the conjunctive tissue. The hystological analyses showed that, in all
groups the inflammatory reactions were similar in the alls experimental times and when the Nd:YAG laser was used, mainly
45 days after, we couldn’t observed any inflammatory responses,
and inflammatory resorptions in root surface. Key-works: Laser
Nd:YAG – Dental Trauma—Reimplant
PP016
Effect of low level therapy on COX-2 metabolites after LPSinduced lung inflammation lung
FLÁVIO AIMBIRE SOARSE DE CARVALHO; REGIANE ALBERTINE; HUGO CAIRE CASTRO FARIA NETO; MARIA
CRISTINA CHAVANTES; RENATO ZÂNGARO
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of low
level laser therapy (LLLT) on cyclooxigenase-2 (COX-2) metabolites after LPS intra-tracheal instillation using male Wistar
rats. The lavage bronchoalveolar (BAL) fluid and lung neutrophils influx was measured over different intervals of time
(90, 6, 24 and 48 h). For the analysis of eicosanoids, the BAL
was performed with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and centrifuged to remove cells. Myeloperoxidase activity was used as
an indicator for the presence of neutrophils in the lungs affected by LPS instillation. Different laser irradiation protocols
were employed for specific energy densities (ED), exposure
times and repetition rates. The rats were irradiated with the GaAl-As laser for 1 min and 20 s in each time interval studied.
The ED that produced an anti-inflammatory effect was 2.5
J/cm2, reducing the number of inflammatory cells in the BAL
and the lung neutrophils influx of rats treated with LPS in all
the time intervals studied with the exception of the 90 min LPS
injection. The results obtained with LLLT also showed a reduction of the TXA2 and PGE2 level in BAL. Surprisingly, the
level was only slightly inhibited after LLLT. The celecoxib was
used like reference drug to confirm the participation of
eicosanoids on LPS induced- lung inflammation. Our results
demonstrated clearly that Ga-As-Al irradiation causes timedependent anti-inflammatory effects on BAL and lung neutrophils influx. Further studies are necessary to elucidate the
As-Ga-Al triggering mechanism on LPS-induced lung inflammation and its relation with COX-2 metabolites.
PP015
An in vitro study about bactericidal effects of Er:YAG Laser
intracanal irradiation
MIRIAM PORCEL DOS SANTOS ANTONIO; ABILIO ALBUQUERQUE MARANHÃO DE MOURA HARRY DAVIDOWICZ; LENI HAMAOKA; CAMILLA DE FREITAS CARVALHO;
CARLOS DE PAULA EDUARDO
The success of endodontic therapy is based on the elimination of
bactericidal colonization from the root canal system. Studies
have been showed different techniques and intracanal dressings
to find alternatives for antimicrobial treatment. The purpose of
this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of Er:YAG irradiation in root canal. Sixty-four human maxillary cuspid teeth
were sectionated horizontally 15mm from the apex and the
crown discarded. The root canal were prepared up to size ISO
#40, 1mm before the apical forame; irrigated with NaOCL 0,5%
and EDTA 17%; and sterilized by autoclaving. The teeth were
contaminated with 10µl of a suspension of Enterococcus faecalis
with a concentration of 1,5108 CFU/ml and incubated at 37°C
for 72 hours. These samples were irradiated using the Er:YAG
laser at setting of 60mJ-15Hz and 100mJ-10Hz.The number of
bacterias was determinated immediately and 48 hours after irradiation. The results showed a significant reduction on bacteria at
both time. At 60mJ and 15Hz the bacterial reduction was
99,56% and 74,62% at 100mJ and 10Hz was 99,95% and
80,49%. Although the best results were at 100mJ there was no
PP017
Comparison of the 904 nm and 670 nm Diode Laser in the viability of random skin flap in rats
LÍVIA RIBEIRO DE ASSIS; ALEXANDRE MARCOLINO;
CARLOS EDUARDO PINFILDI; RODRIGO PASCHOAL
PRADO
Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the role of
AsGa (904nm) diode laser irradiation and GaAlAs (670nm)
diode laser irradiation in the viability of random skin flap in
rats. Methods: Were used 48 Wistar rats, weighed and randomly
divided in 3 groups with 12 rats in each group. The random skin
flap was performed measuring of 10 4 cm, with a plastic
sheet interposed between the flap and the donor site. The Group
1 (control) underwent sham irradiation. Group 2 was submitted
to diode laser (AsGa) irradiation and Group 3 was submitted to
diode laser (GaAlAs) irradiation. The laser irradiation was used
with the punctual contact technique with target tissue on a point
at 2,5 cm cranial from the flap base immediately after the surgery and for the four subsequent days, and the energy density
was 16 J/cm2. The percentage of necrotic area of the three
groups was calculated at the seventh postoperative day through
118
13904ABS.PGS
2/14/05
1:54 PM
Page 119
2004 ABSTRACTS WALT
a paper template method. Results: The Group 1 obtained the average necrotic area of 48%, the Group 2–37% and the Group
3–27%. After the ANOVA test, the results showed that all experimental groups obtained values statistically significant compared to the control group, and the group 3 was the best group
compared all groups of this study (p<0,001). Conclusion: The
laser irradiation was efficient in increasing random skin flap viability in rats and the diode laser irradiation GaAlAs (group 3)
was the most efficient in increasing random skin flap viability
in rats compared to the group 1 and the group 2.
PP018
Comparison of the anti-inflammatory effect of Low Potency
Lasers of AsGa (904 nm) and AsGaAl (650 nm) in experimental model of peritonite in mice induced by Lipopolysaccharide
FERNANDA ISHIDA CORRÊA; JOÃO CARLOS FERRARI
CORRÊA; RODRIGO ALVARO BRANDÃO LOPES MARTINS; PATRÍCIA SARDINHA LOPES MARTINS; REGIANE
ALBERTINI; FLÁVIO AIMBIRE
There are few studies concerning the efficacy of low potency
laser and your antiinflammatory effect, some of them says that
the action of low potency laser at the cell is related with beginning of the process, interfering with prostaglandin’s synthesis.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the
therapy with diodosemicondutor, AsGa (904 nm) and Ga-AlAs (650 nm) lasers, in the inflammatory process and with the
interaction cell –laser, using the classic model of peritonitis in
mices. Methods: The peritonitis was evokede by intraperitonial
injection of Lypopolysacarideus (LPS) in mices, that were divided into 05 subgroups (group 1: Control—peritonitis, 2 :
Control—Saline, 3: Peritonitis and laser 1J/cm2, 4: Peritonitis
and laser 2,5 J/cm2, 5: Peritonitis and laser 5J/cm2) to each of
04 experiments. All animals were irradiated with a subaxilar
way at first, second and third hour after administration of LPS,
and the first and third experiments with Ga-Al-As (650 nm),
and the second and fourth experiments with AsGa (904 nm)
laser. The washed peritoneal to accorent migrant cells (total
leukocyte and neutrophils) was taked off at the sixth hour after
irradiation (first and second experiments) and 24 hours at the
third and fourth experiments. To investigate the effect of laser,
we used a control group with sterile sline and group only with
LPS. Results: These lasers were effective to innibite the migration of cells at the inflammation point, and AsGa was the best
kind of laser to inibit the migration on of cells. Key words:
AsGa, AsGaAl, Peritonite, LPS, Low power laser.
PP019
In vitro study of the disinfection capacity of the Er:YAG
Laser in the interior of the root canals
MÁRCIA REGINA SARAN VEZZANI; ROSIMEIRE CRISTINA
LINHARI RODRIGUES PIETRO; MANOEL DAMIÃO SOUSA
NETO; YARA TEREZINHA SILVA SOUSA; PAULO CÉSAR
SAQUY
This study evaluated, in vitro, the potential of disinfection of the
Er:YAG laser, in contaminated root canals with Bacillus subtilis,
Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas
aeruginosa and Candida albicans, during 28 days. Fourty-six
single rooted human teeth were divided into five groups of 8
teeth each, 3 teeth were used as negative controls and 3 as positive controls. After contamination, the root canals were prepared
mechanically. Three groups were irradiated with Er:YAG laser
at 100 mJ, varying the frequency (7 Hz, 10 Hz, 16 Hz). Two
groups were irrigated with 1.0% and 2.5% NaOCl solution.
After the treatments, 2 sterilized paper cones were placed in the
root canals for 5 min. Later, one cone were transferred to 2.0 mL
of the Letheen Broth culture medium, incubated at 37 C for 48 h
and, after that, 0.1 mL of that solution was placed in 2.0 mL of
Brain Heart Infusion for 48 h to determine the microbial growth.
The other cone was transferred to a test pipe with peptoned
water for serial dilution and spread in Müeller Hinton medium.
After 24 h of incubation the CFUs were counted. The results
showed a microbial reduction of 85.33% for the group irradiated
with Er:YAG laser at 100mJ/ 7Hz, 74.58% at 100mJ/10Hz and
89.50% at 100mJ/16Hz. For the groups irrigated with 1.0% and
2.5% NaOCl solution, 83.15% and 84.46% values of microbial
reduction were obtained respectivelly. All the groups showed estatistically similar results (p> 0.05%). No method was efficient
in the total elimination of microrganisms.
PP020
Experimental model standardization to evaluate the efficacy
of the low potency Laser and loud potency Laser irradiation
in surgical cuts in wistar rats
MARCUS VINICIUS DE MELLO PINTO; PAULO CÉSAR
TOSTES; ALLEYNE LARCHERT AZEVEDO CARVALHO;
AMÁBILLE MUNIQUE TRINDADE AMBRÓSIO; MARINÊZ
ALVES MAIA
The study in question, had as principal aim, the observing of
the low potency laser’s efficacy towards the high potency laser
in the regeration of the tissue with the intensity of 4j/cm2 respectively. So, it will be possible to standardize an efficient
methodology of valuation, and more, observation criterions of
the tissue regeneration in a macroscopic way. In the literature
there are many controversies about the type of laser and the
correct length of wave to be used in each kind of patology. This
fact is reflected by the lack of standard in the reproducible experimental model. At this time, it was used in the experiment
24 male wistar rats, in the weight between 279g and 335g. The
animals were distributed and identified in 4 groups of 6 rats
each : G1 – GaAs – visible diodo – low potency ; G2 – GaAs –
invisible diodo – low potency ; G3 – control group and G4 –
GaAs – visible diodo – low potency. The animals were esthetized with sodic thiopental, trichotomied and then it was realized surgical incisions in the xiphoid region of each animals.
Immediately after the incision, it were realized 5 irradiations,
with an interval of 24 hours from one application to another. At
the end of each application the cuts were photographed. Among
24 animals, 4 died. The results of the macroscopic analysis of
G1 and G2 demonstrated the groups of better prominence in
the formation of cicatricial crust and in the closing of the cut,
with statistically significant differences (p<0,005) in relation
to the G1 that got prominence only in the formation of the crust
after the second day of application when it got the same results
as the G3. As a conclusion the obtained results suggest that the
laser of high potency shows a bigger reproducity in the tissue
regeneration followed by the GaAs laser, and more, for the
standard of the experimental model, beyond the macroscopic
analysis, a macroscopic investigation of the cuts biopsy in each
application, with the aim of accompany the evolution of the tissue regeneration of each treaty group Key – Words : Low po-
119
13904ABS.PGS
2/14/05
1:54 PM
Page 120
2004 ABSTRACTS WALT
tency laser, Loud potency laser, Experimental model, Surgical
incisions, Tissue regeneration.
PP021
Application of Laser Therapy in the treatment of TMJ dysfunction
JULIANA MALTA DA CUNHA; WALTER ANTÔNIO
NASCIMETNO DE SOUZA; PATRÍCIA FAÉ; TARLEY ELOY
PESSOA DE BARROS
The real cause of the clutters Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction still is sufficiently argued between professionals of the
odontology area, however, most accepted is the association of
factors as traumas to the joint, occlusion alterations, psychosocial questions, absence of dental elements, parafuncional habits,
amongst others. The more frequent signals and symptoms the
TMJ dysfunction are muscled pains associated with fatigue and
spasm of the muscles, migraines, noises joint, sensation of
blockage of the ears, limitation of the jaw movements, etc. Several are the types of treatment, but the laser therapy of low intensity demonstrates capacity to alleviate to pains minutes after the
application. The therapy with laser is classified in accordance
with the cellular reaction. The therapy used of the TMJ and in
therapeutics procedures is the Low reactive Level Laser Treatment (LLLT), it’s also denominate Low Intensity Laser, not Surgical Laser or Therapeutic Laser. LLLT cause cellular bio
stimulation and not tissues injury cause. The treatment depends
on the therapy of each patient, the close and frequency applied
and the period between the applications. The objectives of this
work, was through a literature revision, to the professionals of
the odontology a fast description about Laser therapy advantages of the use of laser therapy in the TMJ dysfunction and the
effect produced in the patient. The laser therapy if has shown
sufficiently effective in the treatment of the TMJ dysfunction,
therefore the demand of surgeries has diminished or use of medicines. The patients reveals very receptive and quickly they tell
improvement. The Laser device used to presentation of the work
was LASER UNIT QUASAR By DENTOFLEX that presents
maximum wave length of 830nm (invisible). For the application
in DTM: they are applied 80J/cm2. Indicated bilaterally around
of côndilo (4 point—For muscular application: they are applied
100J/cm2). Indicated bilaterally in all musculatura of the involved chew and with painful sintomatologia.
PP022
Recalcitrant pseudofolliculitis barbae treated by Laser hair
removal
PAULO DO CABO NOTAROBERTO
Pseudofolliculitis barbae is a noninfectious, inflamatory disorder caused by ingrowing of the curved hair shaft wich occurs
most frequently on the lower beard area in black male patients
who shaves. This hair disorder is manifested by papules and
pustules wich may result in hypercromia, nodules and scars.
Traditional treatment includes antibiotics, topic acids and benzoyl peroxide with a good but temporary outcome. Laser hair
removal have been related for treating pseudofolliculitis barbae
with good results. This poster not only presents our treatment
protocol but also our experience on treating pseudofolliculitis
barbae with Nd:Yag (1.064 nm) and Diode (800 nm) lasers. We
concluded that laser hair removal is a safe and effective treatment for recalcitrant pseudofolliculitis barbae inducing a longterm and stable outcome.
PP023
Erbium Laser treatment of genital warts in male patients
PAULO DO CABO NOTAROBERTO
Genital warts, also called condylomata acuminata, are caused
by human papillomavirus (HPV) and are predominantly a sexually transmitted disease although other kinds of transmission
have been reported. Clinical manifestations in male patients
can be either asymptomatic or symptomatic. Treatment for
genital warts can be performed by different methods and there
is no substantial data suggesting that one treatment is superior
to the others. Short–pulsed 2.940 nm Erbium laser beam has
the characteristic to destroy by ablation precisely the amount
of tissue desired, preserving peripherical structures from heat
damage. Surprisingly, the Erbium laser is rarely reported for
treating genital warts. Four male patients presenting genital
warts underwent short-pulsed (250 micro-seconds) Erbium
laser treatment at 400 mJ energy, 3 mm spot size and 7 Hz frequency. The aim was to ablate the whole wart until medium
dermis was visualized or bleeding occurred. Besides that, a
more superficial ablation (3–4 passes) encompassed 0,5 to 1,0
cm margin of normal epidermis around each lesion preventing
clinical recurrence. Two patients had only one genital wart and
were free of clinical and subclinical (detected by application of
5% acetic acid) lesion with a single session. Two patients had
multiple lesions and three sessions were needed to achieve
clinical and subclinical remission. Follow-up visits with 4
weeks intervals were conduced up to 6 months. No complications, persistent hyper or hypocromia or scars were observed.
More studies need to be conducted, but short-pulsed Erbium
laser proved to be a very effective and safe tool for treating
genital warts.
PP024
Resurfacing with erbium Laser and photo-aged skin
PAULO DO CABO NOTAROBERTO
Laser peelings are called resurfacing and are used when a dramatic skin renovation is needed, as we can see on photo-aged
skin treatment. Erbium laser (2.940 nm) is highly absorbed by
water inducing a well-controlled skin ablation. Traditional shortpulsed Erbium lasers are effective in treating mild to moderate
photoaging by precise removal of thin skin layers and minimal
thermal damage to deeper tissues. A new Erbium generation allows treating with long or variable pulses that can induce thermal effect on depper tissues. The desired results of laser skin
resurfacing are ablation of photo-aged skin, thermal contraction
of collagen and neo-collagenesis. We support a “dual-mode”
treatment (long-pulsed first pass and short-pulsed second pass)
for better outcome.
PP025
Failure of palliative Laser Therapy in patients with recurrent
head and neck cancer after free flap reconstruction
MARCOS B. PAIVA; JAMES WATSON; KEITH E. BLACKWELL; CHRISTIAN S. HEAD; JOEL SERCARZ; ELIOTT
ABEMAYOR; MARILENE WANG; DAN J. CASTRO
Introduction: Prior to the era of free flap reconstruction (FFR)
techniques Nd:YAG laser induced thermal therapy (LITT) for
recurrent head and neck cancer (HNC) provided effective palliation with increased median survival of approximately 21
months. Since the advent of FFR techniques, LITT palliation
120
13904ABS.PGS
2/14/05
1:54 PM
Page 121
2004 ABSTRACTS WALT
has been less effective likely due to delays in diagnosis, and a
larger size of tumor recurrence. Objective: To compare median
survival following LITT in patients with recurrent HNC initially treated by surgical resection (Group I) to patients with resection and FFR (Group II). Methods: LITT was performed in
a total of 45 patients with recurrent HNC. Group I consisted of
37 patients who were surgically reconstructed by primary surgical closure. In Group II, eight patients were previously reconstructed with FFR before LITT. Patients were matched for
gender, tumor site, histopathology, and pathological differentiation, and average survival time was compared. Results: Group
II (LITT after FFR) patients were found to have a mean survival time of 8.9 months (SD=3.7, 95%, and 95% CI for mean,
5.16, 11.7). Non-FFR patients with recurrent HNC treated by
LITT (Group I) showed a mean survival of 20.8 months
(SD=17.0, 95% CI for mean, 8.1, 33.5). Therefore, Group I patients have a statistically significant greater survival.
PP026
Evaluation of the dental mineralization degree in mouth
breathing patients using Laser fluorescence techinique
THEREZA
CHRISTINNA
CELLOS
G.
PINHEIRO
LADALARDO; FÁTIMA ZANIN; MÁRIO CAPPELLETTE
JÚNIOR; RAMIRO ANTHERO DE AZEVEDO; SHIRLEY
PIGNATARI; LUC LOUIS MAURICE WECKX
Buccal respiration unbalances the physiological mechanisms
of the dental surface hydratation due to the damage caused to
labial closing, and, very often, to the vestibular position of
upper incisors. That variance leads to the interruption of the
dental demineralization and remineralization feedback, prevailing a demineralized condition of the dental surface which
increases caries risk. Laser fluorescence examination allows
an early demineralization diagnosis, thus it makes possible
through preventive measures to minimize the risk factor – dental mineral structure loss – in the bacterial infection of the
demineralized area, and hence, preventing invasive therapeutical procedures. With a diagnodent apparatus, we evaluated the
mineralization degree of the upper central incisors in 40 patients – twenty of them with a buccal respiration diagnosis; the
remaining twenty were nasal respiring persons (control group).
Age ranging from 6 to 12 years, both male and female. To measure the vestibular surface of the incisors, it was divided into 3
portions: cervical, mesial and incisal. The average of the results pertaining to the buccal respiring patients was as follows:
tooth 11 – cervical third: 5.4; mesial third: 7.1; incisal third:
7.9 and tooth 21—cervical third: 5.9; medium third: 7.2; incisal third: 8.1. The control patients, nasal respiring people,
presented the following results: tooth 11 – cervical third: 1.7;
medium third: 2.3; incisal third: 1.8 and tooth 21—cervical
third: 1.8; medium third: 2.2; incisal third: 2.1. Buccal respiring patients showed demineralization at the initial stage, subclinical, comparing with the control patients, nasal respiring
persons, who did not present any mineral deficit.
PP027
Low Power Lasertherapy in herpes zoster and simplex herpes
ADEL HERNÁNDEZ DÍAZ; SILVIA GARCÍA MARTÍNEZ;
ALINA ORELLANA MOLINA; BIANKA MARÍA GONZÁLEZ
MÉNDEZ
The viral illnesses represent a challenge for the Dermatologist
doctors. The herpes zoster and simple herpes are characterised
to present lesions vesículosas in badge that they are accompanied of other lesions dermatological that can indicate the presence of a secondary infection in occasions. Motivated by the
therapeutic kindness of the laser of low power and their frequent use in the different cutaneous affections it is that we gave
ourselves to the task of to use the treatment with laser of helium-neon in this lesions and to expose through our work the
results obtained in the study. The work universe was compound for 41 foreign patients with affections cutaneous type
herpes zoster and simple herpes to which were been with the
therapy laser in the period of January from 1998 to March of
the 2004 in the Central Clinic Cira García. They were carried
out treatment cycles that you/they understood between 5 and
15 sessions depending on the possibilities of the patient’s demurrage in the country and of the approaches of clinical evolution. 26 men and 15 women were, curing 100% of the affected
patients. No patient needed for her cure more than 16 treatment
sessions, referring important relief of the pain from the first
session, cases of neuralgia were not reported post-zosteriana.
We recommend since to generalise this therapeutic option as
treatment of first line in viral affections it alleviates the pain, it
reduces the time of evolution and it prevents the neuritis postzosteriana.
PP028
Evaluation of the effect of Laser Therapy in the treatment of
trigeminal neuralgia
MÁRCIA TAKAMOTO; FÁBIO MAGALHÃES DA CRUZ;
THEREZA CHRISTINNA CELLOS GONÇALVES PINHEIRO
LADALARDO; TARSO MUGNAI MARRACCINI; ALDO
BRUGNERA JÚNIOR; ROBERTO AUGUSTO DE CARVALHO
CAMPOS
The pain on the trigeminal neuralgia may be caused by the
pressure on the nervous root in the posterior fossa when
it emerges from the bridge before reaching the ganglia of
trigeminal nerve, generating potential ectopical action. Usually, it happens to the second and third division of the trigeminus nerve and the pathognomonic signs are: paroxysmal pain
in shock in very short periods of time, and the existence of
shot zones. The usage of central action medicines as carbamazepin is the standard treatment on neuralgias to control the
pain, the therapeutic dosage is variable from 400 to 1200
mg/day, but in some cases, there might be some collateral effects which impose on the interruption of the treatment. The
objective of this clinical study was the evaluation of the efficacy of laser therapy over the control of the orofacial pain integrated to the usage of medicines with the laser treatment.
The laser therapy is a method of physical treatment, non-invasive, which does not cause discomfort or collateral effects to
the patient. We evaluated a total of 30 patients, male and female, who used from 400 mg to 1200 mg/ day of carbamazepin to control the pain. The patients were treated with a
diode laser of 830 nm wavelength, 40 mW potency, continuos
emission, spot area 3mm2, in a total of 20 joules per weekly
session. The laser therapy has demonstrated moderate efficacy
over the control of the pain in the trigeminal neuralgia, allowing the reduction of the therapeutic quantity of carbamezepin
in most of the cases. The laser and drug treatments together
enable the control of the pain with a smaller quantity of medicines, averting collateral effects resulting from high dosages
of medicines.
121
13904ABS.PGS
2/14/05
1:54 PM
Page 122
2004 ABSTRACTS WALT
PP029
Evaluation of marginal apical leakage in teeth apicoectomized with different techniques and retrofilled with different materials
LUCIANA CHAIM; MICHELI NADALIN; EDSON ALFREDO;
MELISSA ANDRÉIA MARCHESAN; MANOEL D. SOUSANETO
The objective of this study was to evaluate, in vitro, the marginal apical leakage in teeth apicoectomized with ER:YAG
laser or with Endo Z drill and retrofilled with different materials. A total of 30 mandibular human incisors were instrumented until type K file #30 to 1 mm of the root apex and
obturated by the lateral condensation technique with Sealer
26. The teeth were divided randomly into 2 groups alternating
the apicoectomy technique used. Group 1: Endo Z drill at high
rotation with cooling; Group 2: Er:YAG laser at 100 mJ and
10 HZ. The roots were resected perpendicularly along the
tooth axis and 3 mm from the root apex, retro-preparation was
preformed with a 331⁄2 drill for a depth of 2 mm. Each group
was subdivided into 3 subgroups according to the retrofilling
material. subgroup I: Portland cement; subgroup II: IRM; subgroup III: amalgam. After immersion in India ink, the teeth
were decalcified with 5% chlorine acid, dehydrated in an increasing alcohol series and cleared in methyl salicylate. Marginal apical leakage was evaluated with a measuring
microscopic and the results were submitted to statistical
analysis (ANOVA), which showed no significant difference
between the groups (p>0.05). We conclude that different apicoectomy techniques as well as different types of retrofilling
materials do not significantly influence marginal apical leakage levels.
PP030
Microstructural evaluation of morphological changes in
radicular dentine treated with Nd:YAG Laser in different parameters and angulations
MANOEL SOUSA-NETO; CRISTIANE SANTOS; MANOEL D.
SOUSA-NETO; RAPHAEL COMELLI LIA; EDSON ALFREDO;
YARA T.C. SILVA-SOUSA; DANILO ZANELLO GUERISOLI
The effect of Nd:YAG laser application in different parameters
on radicular dentine analyzed by SEM in this study. Fifty
human maxillary uni-radicular canines were prepared by the
crown-down technique and irrigated with distilled and deionized water. Two teeth were used as positive and negative controls. Forty-eight specimens were divided randomly into 4
groups of 12 teeth each and Nd:YAG laser was applied for 1
min at the following parameters: 1 W and 10 Hz, 1 W and 20
Hz, 3 W and 10 Hz, and 3 W and 20 Hz. In two teeth of each
group a longitudinal fracture was performed exposing the entire root canal for the application of Nd:YAG laser perpendicularly to the dentine surface. One specimen was irradiated with
no previous treatment and the other received 17% EDTAC application. In the remaining 10 teeth of each group, the fiberoptic tip was inserted until the working length and the laser was
applied continuously. The teeth were fractured longitudinally
and submitted to SEM analysis. Photomicrographs were taken
at 200 and 1500X magnification and analyzed qualitatively
using, as references, the teeth irradiated perpendicularly that
showed the patterns of dentine morphological changes. There
was a presence of globular structures (21.7%), melting and
glazing (1.7%), and bubbles (6.7%) when the laser was applied
in the root canals at the highest potency (3 W) and greatest
frequency (20 Hz). We concluded that there was a lower efficiency of Nd:YAG laser application when applied longitudinally in the root canal when compared to the patterns of
perpendicular irradiation.
PP031
Conservative aesthetic treatment of dark necrotic teeth: internal bleaching and composite resin restoration
ALEXANDRE ROSSI; ALEXANDRE S. ROSSI; JORGE LUIS
GONÇALVES; ALDO BRUGNERA JUNIOR; TABAJARA SABBAG FONSECA; MELISSA ANDRÉIA MARCHESAN; MANOEL D. SOUSA NETO
During endodontic treatment of any tooth, aesthetics must be
considered in the same manner as during any other dental treatment. The most common aesthetic challenge associated with
endodontics is the discoloration of the natural tooth structure.
Discoloration may be a result of pulp pathology, especially
pulp hemorrhage prior to or during treatment, or it may be due
to various endodontic and restorative materials placed in the
pulp chamber. There are several simple measures that can be
utilized during and following endodontic treatment to eliminate or reduce aesthetic deficiency. This report shows internal
tooth bleaching of 3 anterior teeth after conventional endodontic treatment due to tooth darkening in a 25 year-old female patient. The teeth were bleached with a conjugated blue LED (8
LEDS, 567nm, 57mW) and central diode laser (790nm, 40mW)
with a 1.4cm diameter tip according to the protocol of the manufacturer (Brightness, Kondortech, São Carlos, Brazil): gel activation for 45 s up to 6 times (35% hydrogen peroxide). The
tooth crowns were aesthetically restored with composite resin
and fiber glass posts. With this conservative approach, the natural enamel and dentine were conserved with tooth whitening
rather than removed for crown placement in order to achieve
an aesthetic smile.
PP032
Association of tooth whitening and gengivoplaty with Laser
to achieve an aesthetic smile
MARIA ISABEL A. F. PADILHA; FELIPE BARROS MATOSO;
ALDO BRUGNERA JUNIOR; EDSON ALFREDO; YARA T.C.
SILVA SOUSA; MELISSA ANDRÉIA MARCHESAN; MANOEL
D. SOUSA-NETO
Tooth whitening is an initial phase in the reproduction of an
aesthetic smile. It is very important that the dentist knows how
to diagnose the causes of color changes and indications for
whitening before proposing dental treatment. Technological
advances in teeth whitening has led to the development of new
techniques, improving comfort, security and decreasing execution time. The association of tooth whitening with aesthetic
restorative and surgical procedures must be considered to achieve
a perfect smile. This report shows internal tooth bleaching of
an anterior central incisor of a 30-year-old female patient after
clinical and radiographic evaluation of the root canal filling.
The tooth was bleached with a conjugated blue LED (8 LEDS,
567 nm, 57 mW) and central diode laser (790 nm, 40 mW) with
a 1.4 cm diameter tip according to the protocol of the manufacturer (Brightness, Kondortech, São Carlos, Brazil): gel activa-
122
13904ABS.PGS
2/14/05
1:54 PM
Page 123
2004 ABSTRACTS WALT
tion for 45 s up to 6 times. Hydrogen peroxide gel (35%) was
used. After the tooth whitening, the crown was enlarged with a
CO2 laser using a handpiece and laser power of 6 W in continuous mode. The beam focus was 0.2 mm in diameter, which allowed fine dissection of the gingiva. There was no bleeding
from the gingiva as in conventinal dissection, and thus no damaging of the final tooth color. An aesthetic treatment must consider many factors. In this case, only tooth whitening would
not have a safisfactory result if not associated with the gengivoplasty proceedure.
PP033
Use of carbon dioxide Laser for the removal of benign oral
soft-tissue lesions
MELISSA ANDRÉIA MARCHESAN; MOISES FRANCO DA
SILVA; YARA T.C. SILVA-SOUSA; EDSON ALFREDO; MANOEL D. SOUSA-NETO; WERTHER GUILHERME MARCHESAN
The CO2 laser has been rapidly introduced into medical research and almost every surgical specialty in medicine and
dentistry. In dental surgery, it is mainly used for oral soft tissue applications. For the treatment of some stomatologic lesions, the CO2 laser is looked upon as the treatment method of
choice. This report describes the use of the CO2 laser for the
removal of an oral epithelial hyperplasia from the oral mucosa
of a 67-year-old male patient. Treatment was undertaken in
one session without local anesthesia or premedication. The
patient did not receive antibiotics or anti-inflammatory drugs
after surgery. Freehand technique was used with a handpiece
and laser power ranging from 6 to 10 W in continuous mode.
The beam focus was 0.2 mm in diameter, which allowed fine
dissection. There was no bleeding from the laser wound and
no need for suturing. Removal of the lesion using this laser
was fast and easy. Clinical diagnosis was verified histopathologically and showed to be a benign oral lesion. Healing took
place with minimal post-operative discomfort, and without
visible scarring.
PP034
Polarized light (400–2000 nm) and non ablative Laser (685
nm): a description of the wound healing process using morphologic and cytochemical analysis
DIEGO BLAYA; ANTÔNIO LUIZ BARBOSA PINHEIRO;
MARÍLIA GHERHARDT DE OLIVEIRA; BRUNO PEREIRA
CAMPANHA; RENATO SCHOREDER DOS SANTOS; PAULO
EDUARDO KREISNER
This study aimed to assess at evaluating through morphologic
and cytochemical analysis, the healing process of wounds
submitted or not to non-ablative laser of 685nm or polarized
light of 400–2000nm. Thirty male rats, with approximately
four months old were used. They were submitted to standardized wounds, and these were irradiated in four equidistant
points with laser light (groups 2 and 3) or with polarized light
(groups 4 and 5), at doses of 20 or 40 J/cm2. The control
group (group 1) was not submitted to any irradiation after the
wounds were performed. Animals were irradiated every 48
hours for 7 days, starting immediately after surgery (days 1, 3,
5 and 7), and killed on day 8. Specimens were routinely
processed and a descriptive microscopic analysis of myo-fibroblasts and collagen fibers was carried out, using alpha-
actin for the smooth muscle and picrosirius, respectively. Results showed that collagen fibers were stimulated in all irradiated groups, both with laser and polarized light, suggesting
that the healing process was promoted, with acceleration of
the repair. As to myo-fibroblasts, which are the cells responsible for the contraction process, the description of the laser
groups showed a less expressive population of these cells as
compared to the control group. This is related to lower wound
contraction. We believe that the laser would be more suitable
for areas with larger aesthetic involvement. On the other hand,
the treatments with polarized light presented a higher myo-fibroblast expression than the control group in the microscopic
description.
PP035
Quantitative evaluation of intact peripheral nerve structures
after CO2 Laser, eletrocautery and scalpel
RENATO SCHOREDER; ANTÔNIO LUIZ BARBOSA PINHEIRO; MARÍLIA GHERHARDT DE OLIVEIRA; ELLYANE
ROCHA; DIEGO BLAYA; LÊONILSON GAIÃO;
This study aimed to evaluate, quantitatively, the integrity of
nervous structures nearby Carbon Dioxide laser (CO2) incesed
region. A comparative study was carried out using 30 animals
(Rattus norvegicus) divided to five groups, using different surgical methods: eletrocautery (group 2), scalpel (group 3), CO2
laser in a continuous mode (group 4) and in superpulsed mode
(group 5). In the control group (group 1) no surgical procedured was done. The animals were killed and the specimens
whe taken processed to wax. Three µm sections whe cut and
stained using S-100 Protein. The staining sections whe analised
by light microscopy by nerves of using a calibrated graticule.
Five areas around the incisions was the number the nervs
counted. The results shown that there are not stathisticaly significant differences among the number of inaffected nervus peripherical structury on groups 4 and 5 and others groups. The
findings also that there are not stathisticaly significant design
of this results of the group 1 and group 3. The number of intact
peripherical structury on group 2, was significantly, shorter
than groups 1 and 3.
PP036
Reduction of inflammatory effect of surgicel by Low Level
Laser Therapy (685 nm)
DIEGO BLAYA; MARÍLIA GHERHARDT DE OLIVEIRA;
MARCONI MACIEL; LÍVIA PRATES SOARES; BRUNA
FONZA; RENATO SCHOREDER DOS SANTOS
In the present study were utilized 36 male rats, of wistar
specie, with range age of six weeks and weight of 250 g, they
were keep under ideal controlled laboratory conditions. The
animals, under general anesthesia previously to insertions of
standards fragments with 0,5cm2 of oxidized regenerated cellulose (Surgicelâ), inserted on its tongue. After the surgery the
animals were randomized distributed in two groups, with 18
animals each: irradiated group with nom ablative laser and the
control group. The laserterapy consisted of four sessions carried out at every 48 hours for 7 days. The laser light was
trasmucosaly applied in one field in punctual form and continuous (4J/cm2, g685nm, 35mW, q=0,06mm). The control group
don’t receive laser. The two groups were subdivided with the
time of observation in G1 (one day), G2 (three days) and G3
123
13904ABS.PGS
2/14/05
1:54 PM
Page 124
2004 ABSTRACTS WALT
(seven days). Thereafter, the tongues underwent microscopic
examination after attaining with haematoxylin and eosin (H.E).
The better results to the laser group were seen by statistical
differences on acute inflammation (neutrophils at 1st day,
p=0.0007) and wound healing (fibroblasts at 3rd day,
p=0.0015). No statistical differences were seen on chronic inflammation (lymphocytes at 7th day, p=0.2094). The results
propose that LLLT, 685nm can improve the healing process,
even when the inflammatory process has being stimulated by
Surgicel.
PP037
The use of Laser Acupunture in herpes simplex
EVA EPELBAUM; FÁBIO WAJMAN
Acupunture is an integral therapy that started 4000 years ago.
For the consensus conference arranged by the national Institute
of health, in 1997, the term acupuncture was defined as stimulation, primarily by the use of solid needles, of traditionally
and clinically defined points on the surface of the skin, in an
organized fashion for therapeutic and / or preventive purposes,
producing regulatory effects. The selection of points has been
as important as the correct type of stimulation and it is based
on the diagnostic condition of the imbalance. The same points
have been used to increase and decrease the functional state of
different organs. Herpes simplex is an infection ilness that generally present a primary lesion with periods of latency and a
tendency to relapse. The prevalence is about 60% of the population. Stress, low immunity, environment conditions can
cause reccurence. The use of needles acupunture in patients
with herpes simplex is well know by professionals working on
traditional chinese medicine to treat and prevent the reccurence. Laser is a new way of stimulus. Is safe, pain free and
effective. Low Level Laser therapy using diode Laser today is
the most useful device. Both red and infrared have proper indication depending on the point selected and deph of light penetration. The normal usage dose for acupuncture today is 0,5 -2
J per point and 1- 4 J per trigger point. The objective of this
presentation is to describe some auricular points that traditional chinese medicine literature proved to be effective in case
of herpes simplex.
PP038
The use of the Laserterapia with the parameter of 830 nm for
500 mw of power in the treatment of the arthritis reumatóide
in the articulation temporomandibular joint – One bibliographical revision
MARCUS VINICIUS DE MELLO PINTO; MAURICIO
GONÇALVES PEREIRA
The authors trough a bibliographical rising described the structures of the temporo mandibular joint its disorders, prevalence
and the commitment of that articulation for the arthritis
reumatóide. It is described the laser with the parameter of 830
nm for 500 mw of power and his biochemical effects, bioeletric, bioernergetic, therapeutic with the aim of controling the
pain, of the local inflammation, in the prevention of the permanent and total destruction of the tmj, maintaining the mandibular mobility. key words : temporomandibular disorders, laser of
500 mw, rheumatoid arthritis.
PP039
Effect of Low Power Laser (LLLT) on lactate dehydrogenase
(glycolytic) and citrate synthase (oxidative) activity in rats
submitted to aerobic treadmill training
WOUBER HÉRICKSON DE BRITO VIEIRA; NIVALDO
ANTONIO PARIZOTTO; SÉRGIO EDUARDO DE ANDRADE
PEREZ; VILMAR BALDISSERA; MARIA LUIZA BARCELLOS SCHWANTES; FÁBIO CONRADO DA COSTA
The aim of this study was to verify the relative physiological
adaptations the enzymatic activity LDH (E.C. 1.1.1.27) and CS
(E.C. 4.1.3.7) in rats submitted aerobic treadmill training and
photostimulation by LLLT. Sixty male Wistar rats initially
weighing 112 ± 4,7g were used for this study and divided into
4 groups: two resting groups GRC e GRL, the latter being
laser-irradiated, and two aerobic treadmill training submitted
during 5 weeks GTC e GTL, the latter also being laser-irradiated. The infrared laser irradiation (780 nm) was performed
daily on the quadriceps, maximum gluteus, soleus and TA of
each hind leg, totalizing 8 applications per animal/day, using:
3,8 J/cm2, 15 mW for 10 s, continuous mode, during 5 weeks.
Fractions of the soleus, TA and cardiac muscles taken 48 hours
after the last exercise session were used in the enzymatic
analyses. The cardiac muscle analysis aimed to identifiy possible systemic effects of the laser. The results were expressed in
(?mols of substrate.min-1.mg-1 of protein), at 25°C. The laser
promoted an increase in the oxidative metabolism of 2% to
78%, the exercise of 18% to 75% and their combined action of
43% to 92% (P < 0.01). An apparent systemic action of the
laser was detected in the cardiac muscle by the increase in the
activity of the CS and reduction in that of LDH. These data
suggest that the aerobic treadmill training associated with the
LLLT can promote physiological adaptations in the direction
of increased oxidative capacity of the animals.
PP040
Effect of Low Power Laser (LLLT) irradiation on the lactate
dehydrogenase activity in rats submitted to aerobic treadmill
training: a pilot study
WOUBER HÉRICKSON DE BRITO VIEIRA; RAFAEL GOEZ;
NIVALDO ANTONIO PARIZOTTO; MARIA LUIZA BARCELLOS SCHWANTES; SÉRGIO EDUARDO DE ANDRADE
PEREZ; VILMAR BALDISSERA
The purpose of this study was to verify possible physiological
adaptations of the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH; E.C. 1.1.1.27)
activity in rats submitted to an aerobic treadmill training and
LLLT. Sixty male Wistar rats initially weighing 112 ± 4,7g
were divided into 4 groups: two resting groups GRC e GRL,
the latter being laser-irradiated, and two aerobic treadmill training submitted during 5 weeks GTC e GTL, the latter also being
irradiated. The infrared laser irradiation (780 nm) was applied
on the soleus (S), tibialis anterior (TA), quadriceps and maximum gluteus, with the S, TA and heart being extracted for the
enzymatic analysis, the heart analysis aiming to identify possible systemic effects of the laser. The results were expressed in
(nmols of substrate.g-1 fresh tissue.min-1) at 25°C. Reductions
(P < 0.01) in the activity of LDH caused by laser (23% in S and
30% in TA), exercise (41% in S, 66% in TA and 47% in heart)
and by their combined action (59% in S, 66% in TA and 47% in
124
13904ABS.PGS
2/14/05
1:54 PM
Page 125
2004 ABSTRACTS WALT
heart) were verified. A systemic action of the laser was observed (P < 0.01; 19%). H/L ratios (LDH activity in 1 mM of
pyruvate/activity in 10 mM of pyruvate) showed the predominance of subunits B in the three analyzed muscles. Neither the
laser nor the exercise modified these ratios. This suggests an
adaptive response of the animals to the specific stimuli of the
aerobic training and the photostimulation by laser, in the direction of optimizing the oxidative pathway.
PP041
Physiological adaptations relative to the Anaerobic Threshold (AT) in rats submitted to an aerobic treadmill training
program and Low Intensity Laser
WOUBER HÉRICKSON DE BRITO VIEIRA; MARC JOZEF
EMMANUEL HALSBERGHE; NIVALDO ANTONIO PARIZOTTO; MARIA LUIZA BARCELLOS SCHWANTES; SÉRGIO
EDUARDO DE ANDRADE PEREZ; VILMAR BALDISSERA
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relate physiological adaptation of the anaerobic threshold (AT) in response to
treadmill training in rats submitted to photostimulation by LowIntensity Laser. Forty male Wistar rats initially weighing 111
more/less 10g were used for this study and divided into two
groups: GEC (1) and GEL (2), both submitted to an aerobic
treadmill training program and to a multistage treadmill test of
increasing intensity aiming to determine the AT. The GEL
group was also photostimulated in the main Walk muscles, immediately after each training session. A lactate analyzer was
used for the blood lactate dosage. The statistical analyses used
were the ANOVA and post-hoc TUKEY tests. The level of statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. After the training period, both groups presented an increase in the maximum
running speed, and the AT was shifted to a greater level of effort (P < 0.01). A slight trend towards the reduction of the
blood lactate concentration during the AT was also evidenced.
However, there was no significant statistical difference between
the groups for the variable analyzed, in spite of the GEL group
showing a differentiated behavior throughout the weeks. These
data suggest that changes in the blood lactate concentration in
trained rats permit the determination of the AT, and that the
aerobic treadmill training makes posible physiological adaptations in the direction of increased oxidative capacity, which is
an important fact of great practical utility, especially for those
involved with sports.
PP042
The effects of 830 nm Laser on bone loss of ovarectomized
rats
ANA CLAUDIA RENNO; NIVALDO ANTONIO PARIZOTTO;
PAULO BOSSINI; NADIA SLEMER; RENATA PASSARELI
TIRICO; FERNANDA MENDES
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of lowpower laser irradiation (830 nm laser, 100 mW, 120 J/cm2), on
femur of ovariectomized rats (OVC). It was used 40 females
animals (90 day-old; around 250 g), divided into 4 groups:
non-irradiated standard control (SC); non-irradiated OVC control (OC); intact irradiated group (IL) and OVC irradiated rats
(OL). Laser irradiation started 2 days after the surgery and at
the same moment for all groups. Irradiation was made punctually, on the medial shaft of femur, 3 times a week, during 2
months. Animals were humanly sacrificed and femurs were submitted to a biomechanical test and an evaluation of physical
properties by Arquimede’s principle (ash weight, bone volume
and bone density). Statistical differences among groups were
evaluated by analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by Duncan test (p < 0,05 was considered significative). Results: final
body weight and maximum load of OL showed a significative
difference when compared with other groups (SC:85,26±9,36;
OC: 84,78 ±4,99; IL: 88,71 ±11,28 and OL: 98,92 ±6,55 to
maximum load). There were no difference among the values
found in ash weight and in bone volume of groups. However,
OL bone density was significative different when compared
with other groups (p=0,00064, 0,00122, 0,00053 compared
with SC, OC and IL, respectively). We can conclude that, the
treatment in ovarectomized rats using LLLT, with the parameters proposed, was efficient to prevent bone loss and to maintain bone structure.
PP043
The effects of 830 nm Laser, used in two doses, on bone tissue
of ovariectomized rats
ANA CLAUDIA RENNO; NIVALDO PARIZOTTO; PAULO
BOSSINI; FERNANDA MENDES; RENATA TIRICO; NADIA
SLEMER; ROBERTA CARRERA
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects
of 830 nm laser (100 mW), in 2 different doses (120 and 60
J/cm2), on femurs of ovariectomized rats (OVC). It was used
60 females animals (90 day-old). Animals were divided into 3
groups, divided into 2 subgroups each: non-irradiated control
group: standard control (SC) and OVC control (OC); Irradiated
group (120 J/cm2): intact irradiated rats (I120) and OVC irradiated rats (O120) and Irradiated group (60 J/cm2): intact irradiated rats (I60) and OVC irradiated rats (O60). Laser
irradiation initiated 2 months after the OVC surgery. It was
made punctually, on the middle shaft of femur, 3 times a week,
during 2 months. Femurs were analyzed by a biomechanical
test and a physical properties evaluation (Ash weight, bone
volume and bone density). ANOVA, followed by Duncan test
were used to compare the data. Results: ML of OC was significative smaller than the CC, IL120 and OL120 (p=0,003; 0,13
and 0,004, respectively). ML of OL120 did not show difference when compared with CC and IL120 and it was different
of OL60 and IL60. Volume and density of bone of OC and
OL60 were significative smaller than other groups and did not
show differences among other groups. We can conclude that,
the treatment using LLLT at the dose of 120 J/cm2, with the
parameters proposed, reached better results to maintain the resistance of the femur.
PP044
Study of the effect of the AlGaInP Laser 785 nm in the regeneration of the skeletal striate muscle
MARCELA DALLA COSTA CRESSONI; HELENA HANNA
KHALIL DIL GIUSTI; CARLOS ALBERTO ANARUMA; MARIANA PICCOLI CAVAMURA; LIGIA SEGATTO MURANAKA;
MOACYR RE JUNIOR
Works do not exist that histology disclose the effectiveness of
the laser 785nm in the process of repair of tissues. With the ob-
125
13904ABS.PGS
2/14/05
1:54 PM
Page 126
2004 ABSTRACTS WALT
jective to describe the effect of this type of emission in the regeneration of the muscular tissue, we use 12 male Wistar rats,
with average weight of 390 ± 35g, divided in 4 groups: without
injury (SL), without injury dealt with laser (SLT), with injury
(L) and injury dealt with laser (LT). The rats of the group with
injury had the anterior tibial muscle injured surgically. The initiated treatment 24 hours after the surgery was made with laser
of the BIOSET with diode of AlGaInP (wave length of 785 nm,
75 mw, potency continue, densities of energy of the 6 J/cm2)
hard working with pontual method. One preceded 4 applications with interval from 48 hours, the first one applied 24 hours
after the injury. The results of the histological analysis show,
different of the observed one in the animal controls (L), that in
the animals of group LT it exists an inflammatory infiltrated
rich one in mononuclear leukocytes and polimorfonucleares
distributed in the conjunctive tissue. Also they were gifts in
these conjunctive many fibroblasts and collagens fibers, beyond mioblasts and miotubes distributed in the direction of the
longitudinal axle of the muscle. We conclude, that the laser of
AlGaInP 785 nm promoted the acceleration of the process of
repair of the injured muscular tissue therefore was allowed
through analyzes histological of the treat animals to observe
greater cellular maturity in the injured region.
PP045
Effects of the AsGa Laser for pressure ulcer treatment – A
case report
ALEXANDRE CAVALLIERI GOMES; PATRÍCIA DRIUSSO;
PRISCILA YUMI UEHARA
The present case report evaluated AsGa laser effects on pressure ulcers treatment. The patient was a 42 year old white
man after C5–6 vertebrae fracture showing partial motive
and sensitive loss in the level below the lesion. After the accident, patient was carried to hospital, where the hospital
stay was 60 days, which resulted in appearance of a pressure
ulcer (degree 3) in the sacral region. The assistance was accomplished for 2 weeks (10 sessions), in the practices of
physiotherapy of the Methodist São Paulo’s University, in
August 2004. The patient signed the knowledge and concordance term, after that he was submitted to an general anesthesia, and the wound was evaluated—the width, length and
depth. After the evaluation, the application of the AsGa laser
to each centimeter of the wound with utilization of the punctual method with energetic density of 4 J/cm2. There was an
reduction from 76 to 24 cm3 in the of the pressure ulcer volume, after the treatment with laser showing the effectiveness
of the treatment.
PP046
Therapeutic effects of the Laser with Diode of visible red
emission in the cicatrization of cutaneous lesion in pressure
ulcer: case report
ALEXANDRE CAVALLIERI GOMES; RICHARD ELOIN
LIEBANO; DOMINGOS BELASCO JÚNIOR; FERNANDO
DE SOUZA ALMEIDA; MARILENA ONAKA; IVALDO ESTEVES JÚNIOR
The treatment of the several kinds of chronic ulcers was the
first application of the low intensity laser experienced in humans, and since then there was a progressive growth in the in-
terest in its therapeutic effects. This work had as goal to evaluate the cicatrization of the ulcer with the utilization of the irradiation of the laser of red diode (670 nm). Patient was a 60
years old white man. He remained 31 days in General Hospital
of Grajaú, which during he developed a ulcer in the sacral region. For the treatment of this ulcer was used the 670 nm laser
with dosage of 3J/cm2. The ulcer was measured before each application with common rulers graduated in centimeters in his
larger transversal and longitudinal diameters and the depth was
measure with pachymeter. There were demarcated points in the
ulcer border in 1 cm to 2 applications a week for 5 weeks. The
transversal diameter it reduced of 3.0 cm for 2.0 cm, (33,34%)
and the longitudinal of 7.0 cm for 3.0 cm (57,15%). The depth
of the ulcer reduced from 3.0 cm to 1.0 cm (66,67%). The application of the laser of red diode (670 nm) contributes to cicatricial repair of the ulcer, showing decrease of the transversal
and longitudinal diameters and as well as in depth.
PP047
Low Level Laser Therapy associated with Bell’s palsy treatment
VINICIUS NERY VIEGAS; PAULO EDUARDO KREISNER;
CARLOS ALBERTO MEDEIROS MARTINS; AGUIMAR DE
MATOS BOURGUIGNON FILHO; ROGÉRIO MIRANDA
PAGNONCELLI
Bell’s palsy is defined as an idiopathic peripheral facial nerve
paralysis of sudden onset and is considered the most common
cause of facial paralysis. Treatment is aimed at improving
recovery of facial function and the prevention of neural degeneration and its associated complications. Physiotherapy, corticosteroid and antiviral therapy have become the most widely
accepted treatments for Bell’s palsy. The low level laser therapy
(LLLT) can induce the metabolism of injured tissue nervous to
produce proteins associated with your growth. The biomodulatories effects of LLLT improve the nerve regeneration capacity.
Even thus, the increases in the action potential amplitude of injured nerves have significant clinical relevance for Bell’s palsy
treatment (nerve function stimulated). The aim of this work is
reports a clinical case in which the LLLT, associated with corticoid therapy was effective to recover the facial movement in a
patient with Bell’s palsy after 4 sessions of laser therapy. The
Helium-Neon laser (660nm, 50mW) was applied in 10 points
following facial muscular insertions. The total energy density
was 20 J/cm2. The same laser was utilized in sweep mode (1
J/cm2) following the 5 main facial nerve fibers course on the
hemiface with paralysis. The laser therapy protocol was concluded with use of Arsenide-Gallium-Aluminum laser (830nm,
50mW) in 5 points correspondent to facial branches. The total
energy density was 10 J/cm2. The LLLT is an effective tool for
facial movement recovery in patients with Bell’s palsy.
PP048
Low Level Laser Therapy for free gingival grafts healing
VINICIUS NERY VIEGAS; AGUIMAR DE MATOS BOURGUIGNON FILHO; FREDERICO SAUERESSIG; ALFREDO
CARLOS RODRIGUES FEITOSA; PAULO EDUARDO KREISNER; ROGÉRIO MIRANDA PAGNONCELLI
The wound healing process involves many biological events
as vascular and cellular alterations, epithelial and fibroblast
126
13904ABS.PGS
2/14/05
1:54 PM
Page 127
2004 ABSTRACTS WALT
proliferation, collagen synthesis, intense angiogenesis and
wound contraction. Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) can
modulate this process, acting at cellular level, increasing cellular metabolism and inducing analgesic, anti-inflammatory
and reparative effects. Free gingival grafts surgeries are examples of healing by second intention in donor site, with
great fibroblasts and collagen fibers production, vascular and
epithelial proliferation. The LLLT have been used to promote
wound healing acceleration in these surgeries, resulting in
less postoperative morbidity in donors and hosts sites of the
graft. We present in this work, two cases of free gingival
grafts, using the palate as donor site to increase the gingival
keratinized area. In one case, Arsenide-Gallium-Aluminum
laser (wavelength, 685 nm; 35mW; continuous and punctual
mode) was used in postoperative period with energy density
of 3 J/cm2 per application point. The donor site received laser
applications into 4 equidistant points around the wound and
the host site into 3 points around the gingival graft. The periodicity of irradiation was from 48 hours, starting immediately after the surgical procedure, in a total of 8 sessions. The
healing was faster on donor and host sites of the irradiated
case when compared to non-irradiated one. The analgesic
effect of the LLLT was evidenced. The LLLT can modulate
the free gingival grafts repair process and is an effective tool
for promoting a more comfortable postoperative period to the
patient.
PP049
Effect of 830 nm Laser light on the bone repair of the defects
grafted with organic bovine bone and membrane in rats
MARLENY ELIZABETH MÁRQUEZ DE MARTÍNEZ GERBI;
FRANCISCO LIMEIRA JÚNIOR; ELIZABETH ARRUDA
PONZI; ANTONIO PINHEIRO; LUCIANA RAMALHO; ESTELA DE SOUZA SOARES
The aim of the present investigation was to assess histologically the effect of LLLT (AsGaAl, 830nm, 40mW, CW, f
~0,6mm, 16J/cm2 per session) on the repair of surgical defects created in the femur of the Wistar Albinus rat. The defects were filled to lyophilized bovine bone (Gen-oxâ,
organic matrix) associated to GTR (Gen-dermâ). Surgical
bone defects were created in 45 animals divided into five
groups: Group I (control – 09 animals); Group II (Gen-oxâ—
09 animals); Group III (Gen-oxâ + Laser—09 animals);
Group IV (Gen-oxâ + Gen-derm—09 animals); Group V
(Gen-oxâ + Gen-dermâ + Laser – 09 animals). The animals
on theirradiated groups received 16J/cm2 per session divided into four points around the defect (4J/cm2) being the
first irradiation immediately after surgery and repeated
seven times at every 48h. The animals were humanely killed
after 15, 21 and 30 days. The results of the present investigation showed histological evidence of improved amount of
collagen fibers at early stages of the bone healing (15 days)
and increased amount of well organized bone trabeculae at
the end of the experimental period (30 days) on irradiated
animals compared to non irradiated ones. It is concluded that
a positive biomodulative effect on the healing process of one
defects associated or not to the use of organic lyophilized
bone and biological bovine lyophilized membrane on the
femur of the rat.
PP050
Effect of low level Laser Therapy in the healing of ulcers
caused by thermal damage in the jugal mucous of rats
MARLENY ELIZABETH MÁRQUEZ DE MARTÍNEZ GERBI;
ELIZABETH ARRUDA PONZI; MARCOS PINHEIRO; ANTONIO PINHEIRO; APARECIDA MARQUES; JOSÉ JUSTINO
DA SILVA JÚNIOR
The mechanisms of the Laser therapy non thermal effect are
attributable to the increase of serotonin and mitochondrial adenosine-tri-phosphate levels and also the changes in the cytoplasmatic membrane and in the membrane mediators what would
enhance cellular metabolism. In this experimental work, Laser
therapy has been tested by using HeNe laser. It was used a
l635nm, P- 4mW and 3J/cm2. Laser therapy had been used in the
treatment of ulcers caused by thermal damage in the jugal mucous of rats (Wistar), all were male and aging between 9 and 12
weeks. The research consisted of three applications with 635nm
Laser that had been administered in the following way: the first
immediately after the burn, the second 48 hours after and the
third 5 days later. The time spent for application was 12,30 minutes, 3J/cm2 for each application resulting in an average dose of
9J/cm2. There had been 40 rats divided in three groups: control
(15 rats), placebo (10 rats) and Laser therapy (15 rats). Each
group was divided in three subgroups (5 rats) and sacrifices taking place in 2, 5 and 9 days. Ours conclusion was that the 635nm
Laser improved the wound healing in rat mucosa burn.
PP051
Lasertherapy: clinical indication on dental Implantology
MARLENY ELIZABETH MÁRQUEZ DE MARTÍNEZ GERBI;
ELIZABETH ARRUDA PONZI; ANTONIO PINHEIRO; PEDRO
PAULO MONTEIRO MARTINS; APARECIDA MARQUES;
ESTELA DE SOUZA SOARES
Several reports have evidenced positive effects of the lasertherapy
on the healing process of both soft and hard tissues. The aim of
this presentation is to present clear indications for dentists working with dental implants on the use of the lasertherapy based upon
the clinical and research experience of our team and on the previous literature. Lasertherapy is indicated: As an auxiliary to the
anesthesia on the preoperative period promoting analgesy; On
both trans and postoperative period speeding up the healing process favouring osteointegration and reducing loading time; 3. Pain
relief due to increased release of b endorphins; Less inflammatory
reaction to to decrease on the level of prostaglandins. All this limiting or avoiding the use of drugs on the post operative period. The
most recommended laser to be used are those with IR wavelenghts, with potencies ranging from 40 and 100mW and doses of
6—16 J/cm2 on CW, and on punctual or scanning manner.
PP052
Assessment of bone repair associated to the use of Bovine
Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMPs) and biological membrane irradiated with Laser of 830nm
MARLENY ELIZABETH MÁRQUEZ DE MARTÍNEZ GERBI;
FRANCISCO LIMEIRA JÚNIOR; ELIZABETH ARRUDA
PONZI; ANTONIO PINHEIRO; LUCIANA RAMALHO; CAROLINA MONTAGN
The aim of the present investigation was to assess histologically the effect of Lasertherapy (AsGaAl, 830nm, 40mW, CW,
127
13904ABS.PGS
2/14/05
1:54 PM
Page 128
2004 ABSTRACTS WALT
f ~0,6mm, 16J/cm2 per session, divided into four points of
4J/cm2) on the repair of surgical defects created in the femur of
the Wistar rat. The defects were filled to bone morphogenetic
protein (Gen-proâ, bBMPs) associated or not to GTR (Gendermâ). Surgical bone defects were created in n=60, divided
into five groups: Group I (control – n=12); Group II (Laser –
n=12); Group III (bBMPs – n=12); Group IV (bBMPs+ Laser –
n=12); Group V (bBMPs+ Membrane – n=12); Group VI
(bBMPs+ Membrane + Laser – n=12). The animals on the irradiated groups received the first irradiation immediately after
surgery and repeated seven times at every 48h. The animals
were sacrificed after 15, 21 and 30 days. The results showed
histological evidence of improved amount of collagen fibers
(15, 21 days) and increased amount of well organized bone trabeculae at the end of the experimental period (30 days) on irradiated animals compared to non irradiated ones. It is concluded
that a positive biomodulative effect on the healing process of
one defects associated or not to the use of bBMPs and biological membrane on the femur of the rat.
PP053
Bond strength in composite resin repairs – Surface treatment
with different techniques
ANA MARIA DE GOIS
This study evaluated the shear bond strength in repairs of new
and old composite resin restorations after surface treatment
with diamond bur, aluminum oxide jet and Er:YAG laser, with
the aim of verify the possibility to develop a new ultraconservative technique to repair unsatisfactory composite resin restorations. Thirty-six hybrid composite resin blocks were made. The
blocks were repaired with nanohybrid composite resin and
then went through a shear bond strength mechanical test to
evaluate the repair interfacial bond strength. The analysis of
variance and the Tukey test were used at a significance level of
5%. The highest bond strength average values were found when
the old composite resin restorations were repaired with the diamond bur and the surface ablation with Er:YAG laser (2.15 W/
cm2). This study results suggest the optimization of the Er:YAG
laser system for the composite resin repair procedure.
PP054
Does palliative Laser Thermal Therapy improve quality of
life of patients with recurrent oral squamous cell carcinoma?
ANA AMÉLIA P. PAIVA; MICHAEL MASTERMANN-SMITH;
MARCOS B. PAIVA; AGRÍCIO N. CRESPO; ROMAINE E.
SAXTON
This study was designed to determine the survival rate and QOL
of patients (>60years old) with recurrent oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCCA) who had undergone palliative laser induced thermal therapy (LITT). Recurrent oral SCCA is associated with poor
survival despite aggressive therapy. In an attempt at cure, many
patients undergo total extensive resection procedures, which significantly affects function and quality of life (QOL). Twenty-one
patients with recurrent oral cancer with underlying co-morbid
conditions and/ or tumor volume were given the option of LITT
using an Nd:YAG laser delivered through a curved oral handpiece. Treatment goal was to promote symptoms alleviation and
extend survival. Patient outcomes were assessed for disease-free
survival, and QOL, using cancer questionnaire (FACT-G) and a
series of questions specific for head and neck cancer patients. A
total of 27 tumor sites received laser treatment with 11 (41%)
completely ablated. Nine patients are alive, 6 with tumor remission and 3 with persistent disease with a median follow-up of 11
months (range = 2- 58 mo). QOL questionnaires revealed problems with eating, speaking, socializing, and shoulder function,
and significant deficits in speech and deglutition. However, the
overall responses demonstrated that these patients have adjusted
to their deficits and have a good QOL. It was concluded that elderly patients with recurrent oral SCCA treated with LITT can result in meaningful survival and an adequate QOL. However,
extended follow-up may be needed before convincing evidence
of long-term therapeutic benefits is obtained.
PP055
Advantages of Laser in apical surgery
CARLOS ALBERTO MARTINS; ROGÉRIO MIRANDA
PAGNONCELLI; PAULO EDUARDO KREISNER; VINICIUS
NERY VIEGAS; CAMILA ARRUDA ARALDI
Egress of microrganisms and irritants from the root canal system into the periapical tissues is considered the main cause of
failures following apicoectomy and retrograde filling. The laser
systems have shown a bactericidal effect within contamined
dentine and bone cavity. Thus, the use of Nd: YAG laser to irradiate the root canal walls show melted, recrystallized and glazed
surfaces. It reduces the permeability of resected roots. The use
of lasers can be considered an alternative method, suitable and
useful to perform apicetomies. It was reported of a case of a
periapical surgery using the Nd:YAG Laser.
PP056
LED and halogen light’s evaluation in the marginal microleakage using two composite resins
DANIEL MALTA; QUEIROZ, R. S.; GONÇALVES, A. M.;
GONÇALVES, I. M. F.; SILVA, D. N.; PORTO NETO, S. T.
The marginal microleakage was evaluated “in vitro” in restorations using two composite resins, a microhybrid (Charisma –
Heraeus/Kulzer) and a condensable (Solitaire II – Heraeus/
Kulzer) and two sources of curing light, halogen light (Optilight Plus – Gnatus) and LED (Elipar Free Light – 3M Espe).
Twenty sound human pre-molars were utilized. Each tooth underwent two standard preparations with a vertical slot, where
the gingival walls were located in enamel, 1mm above the cementoenamel junction. Those teeth were randomly divided
into four groups according to the source of curing light and the
composite resin used, GI (LED/Solitaire II), GII (LED/
Charisma), GIII (halogen light/Charisma), and GIV (halogen
light/Soli-taire II). All the restorations were made with the adhesive system Gluma One Bond (Heraeus/Kulzer) utilizing the
incremental technique. The samples were stored in water for
24 hours, then they were thermocycled (500 cycles of 1 minute
between 5 and 55 C), they were covered with nail varnish until
1mm of the restoration margins and immersed in 0.5% basic
Fuchsine. The stain penetration into the gingival walls was
evaluated by scores from 0 (no microleakage) to 3 (dye penetration until the axial wall), using a stereoscope magnifying glass
(X25). The outcomes were analyzed by statistical non-parametric tests, Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests, in a 0.5%
level of significance. GI has shown average leakage (2,5), statistically higher than GII (0,9), whereas GIII (0,875) was better
than GIV (2,875). The source of curing light did not influence
128
13904ABS.PGS
2/14/05
1:54 PM
Page 129
2004 ABSTRACTS WALT
the microleakage; the restored samples that used Solitaire II
have demonstrated the highest marginal microleakage.
PP057
Laser Therapy (GaAlAs) effect in autogenous bone grafts in
rats: morphological study
DANIEL POZZA; JOÃO BATISTA WEBER; ANTONIO L. B.
PINHEIRO; LUCIANA P. RAMALHO; MARILIA GERHARDT
DE OLIVEIRA; FLAVIO AUGUSTO M. OLIVEIRA
The aim of this study was to histological evaluate the influence
of radiation using an infrared Laser diode in the process of
bone healing during and after surgical procedures on the femur
of rats which have been submitted to autogenous bone grafts.
Bone wounds were made on the femurs of 60 Wistar rats and
the removed bone fragments were used as an autogenous graft.
The animals were divided in four 15 groups: G1 (control group),
G2 (irradiation on the surgical area), G3 (irradiation on the
bone graft) and G4 (irradiation on the surgical area and on the
bone graft). The Laser (830nm) was used in CW model, with a
power of 50mW, and a dose of 10J/cm2. All the animals, except
from the control group, were irradiated during 15 days at every
48 hours with a 10J/cm2 dose. The observation periods were on
the 15th, 21st and 30th days. The results demonstrated that in
groups G2 and G4 the bone healing was qualitatively and
quantitatively more exuberant if compared to the results
achieved by G1 and G3. The use of Laser therapy during the
surgery causes positive biomodulation effects on the healing
process on grafted bones.
PP058
Comparative pilot-study of the effect of Low Level Laser
Treatment and Light Emitting Diode in the healing of induced wounds in rats
ADALBERTO CORAZZA; JACKS JORGE JÚNIOR; LILIAN
TAN MORIYAMA; CLÓVIS GRECCO; VANDERLEI SALVADOR BAGNATO
The Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) have been introduced as a
new alternative technology related to Low Level Laser Treatment (LLLT) for wound healing treatment. The experimental
model consisted of the induction of a circular wound in the
quadriceps medium third of 40 Wistar rats using a steel punch
with 15mm diameter. A homemade LED device with an output
power of 90mW (635nm) and 50 mW (830 nm) was used to
treat the wounds. A diode laser (MMOptics, São Carlos,
Brazil) with 40 mW (660nm) and 50 mW (780 nm) was similarly used. The animals were divided in 5 groups (red LED;
infra-red LED; red laser; infrared laser; and control). After 6
hours of wound induction, the treated groups received punctual
irradiation of 5 J/cm2 every 24 hours. The evaluation of the results was done by histological and photographical analysis at
3rd, 7th, 14th and 21th day after the induction of the wound.
The findings of the histological analysis showed that the laser
and LED provided biomodulation of the inflammatory cells
compared to the control. In the infrared irradiation a larger of
fibroblasts number was observed, inducing faster collagen
maturation. The red spectrum also showed better results by
both light sources in the high incidence of angiogenesis. The
present study suggests that the photobiomodulation provided
by LEDs for the treatment of cutaneous ulcerations is similar
to that obtained with lasers.
PP059
Depth of necrosis in photogem-pdt using led – Based device
as a light source
JULIANA FERREIRA; CRISTINA KURACHI; LILIAN TAN
MORIYAMA; ORLANDO CASTRO E SILVA; SÉRGIO ZUCOLOTO; VANDERLEI SALVADOR BAGNATO
Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) involves the induction of proliferating cells toxicity when a after the photoactivation of a
sensitizer agent in the presence of oxygen. Despite being an efficient therapy for the treatment of several neoplasias, PDT presents some draw backs as the non-selectivity intention in
normal x neoplasic hepatic cells. This work evaluated the depth
of necrosis in normal hepatic tissue of Wistar rats for different
light sources. The light sources used for irradiation were a diode
laser operating at 630 nm and a Light Emitting Diode (LED)—
based device operating at 628 ± 12nm. We observed that the hepatic tissue showed its optical characteristics altered due to the
photosensitization and the depth of light penetration is significantly reduced when the photosensitizer is present. Histologically, the irradiated hepatic tissue presented coagulative
necrosis, neutrophilic inflammatory infiltration and centrilobular vein necrosis in all experimental groups. We also observed a
sharp delimitation of the depth of necrosis. The depth of necrosis induced by the LED based device is comparable to the one
produced by a laser operating at 630 nm. There is a small decrease (±1 mm) between the depths of necrosis of the LED
based device compared to the laser due to its wider spectrum.
PP060
Effects of 660 nm GaAsAl with 10 mW and 40 mW on neoangiogenesis after partial ruptures of Achilles tendon (Tendo
calcaneus)
ANA CLAUDIA BONOME SALATE; GISELE BARBOSA; PATRICIA GASPAR; NIVALDO ANTONIO PARIZOTTO; BENEDITO GALVÌO BENZE; DAIANE FOSCHIANI
The purpose of this study was to analyze the 660 nm laser
effect with irradiance of 10 mW and 40 mW, during 10 s, on
angiogenesis process in Achilles tendon repair after partial ruptures. 96 rats were submitted to lesion by a falling of 186 g
from a height of 20 cm, above the right tendon. These rats had
been divided in 3 groups, treated in 3, 5 and 7 days, respectively, with 32 animals in each one. Each of these groups was
divided again into 4 subgroups with 8 animals, which were submitted to laser with mean output of 10 mW and 40 mW, a sham
treatment, and a group without treatment. Analyzes were made
by vessels count that had been previous prepared with India ink
injection. In accordance to the results, the 660 nm laser treatment promote increase of the blood vessels number when compared with sham group and the group without treatment and
the subgroups with mean output of 40 mW have begun the neovascularization precocious, showing high difference after 3 days
of application. After 5 days, this difference disappeared when
this subgroup was compared with 10 mW, but it was evident
with sham subgroup and non-treated subgroup. On seventh
day, the 40 mW subgroup showed reduced vessels but it was
higher than control. These results may permit us to conclude
that LLLT with wavelength of 660 nm promotes increase on
neovascularization by an increase in vessel numbers after partial rupture of calcaneal rat tendon.
129
13904ABS.PGS
2/14/05
1:54 PM
Page 130
2004 ABSTRACTS WALT
ence was observed among G1, G2 and CG according to
Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn’s Multiple Comparison Tests. Conclusion: LLLT diode 670 nm with energy density 20 J/cm2 increases the survival in randomic skin flap rats.
PP061
Qualitative analyze of 660 nm LLL effect of Achilles tendon
(Tendo calcaneus) healing after partial rupture in rats
ANA CLAUDIA BONOME SALATE; GISELE BARBOSA; PATRICIA GASPAR; PAULO UMENO KOEKE; NIVALDO ANTONIO PARIZOTTO; BENEDITO GALVÃO BENZE
This study was conduct to analyze the effect of LLLT with 660
nm and doses of 2,5 J/cm2 and 10 J/cm2 during 10 s after partial rupture of Achilles tendon in rats. 64 rats had been submitted to lesion by a falling of 186 g from a height of 20 cm, above
the right tendon. These rats had been randomly divided in 2
groups, treated in 5 and 7 days, respectively, with 32 animals in
each one. Each of these groups was divided again into 4 subgroups with 8 animals, which were submitted to laser with doses
of 2,5 J/cm2 and 10 J/cm2, a sham treatment, and a group without treatment. A qualitative analyzes of polynuclear cells incidence, mononuclear cells incidence, collagen organization and
neovascularization was made with a classification scale. A third
group with 8 animals was established as control, without lesion
and used as reference. The results of this analyze showed that
the irradiated tissue aspect was better when compared with control groups. After 5 days, the non-treated subgroup showed more
polynuclear and mononuclear cells than others and in irradiated subgroups, there were more vessels and collagen fibers
had started to be aligned. When treated during 7 days, the tissue of laser subgroups showed minimal inflammatory cells and
collagen organization compared with control subgroups and the
non-treated had still high appearance of inflammatory cells.
These results may permit us to conclude that LLLT with wavelength of 660 nm provide better tissue repair quality after tendon rupture.
PP063
The interference of the PVC film in the low level laser therapy application used in physical therapy and dentistry
SILVIA PARK; RAQUEL APARECIDA CASAROTTO; MARTHA
SIMÕES RIBEIRO; CARLOS ALBERTO ANARUMA
BACKGROUND: In the physical therapy and dentistry practice it is usual to cover the laser pen with a thin PVC film to reduce any possible equipment contamination effects among
patients, when wounds and oral mucous are irradiated with the
contact technique. OBJECTIVE: Assess the interference of the
PVC film in the laser radiation transmission. METHODS: A
power meter was used to obtain measurements of percentage
of loss of laser energy. A 632,8 (HeNe) and a 830(AsGaAl) nm
wavelength equipments were studied. For each wavelength
150 measurements were evaluated: 50 with direct irradiation
(control group = CG) and 100 with two different kinds of film
in the laser pen (experimental group 1 = G1 and 2 =G2). Both
PVC films were 10 mm thick. RESULTS: Comparing the control group transmission values with the experimental groups
ones, the HeNe laser showed the following losses: G1 = 0.9%
and G2 = 0.8% of the overall power conveyed to the power
meter. In the infrared laser, there were the following losses: G1
= 2.3% and G2 = 1.3%. CONCLUSION: The thin PVC film
may be used in the physical therapy and dentistry applications
with no significant interference in the laser dosimetry used in
the patient treatment.
PP062
The effects of 2, 5 and 20 J/cm2 energy densities of Diode
Laser 670 nm in skin flap survival
CRISTIANO BALDAN; RAQUEL APARECIDA CASAROTTO;
AMÉLIA PASQUAL MARQUES; ALESSANDRA MARIA
SCHIAVINATO
Introduction: Skin Flaps constitute the most frequent resource
used in reconstructive surgery of of tissue defects. Some physiopatological events can bring failures in the skin flap survival
and the low level laser therapy (LLLT) has been used very used
to facilitate the wound healing process. The present study was
designed to assess the effects of different LLLT doses on randomic skin flap rats. Methodology: 40 wistar rats were randomically divided in four groups. The control group (CG) was
not irradiated. The experimental groups were irradiated with a
diode laser 670 nm with different energy densities: group 1
(G1) with 2 J/cm2; group 2 (G2) 5 J/cm2 and group 3 (G3) 20
J/cm2. The three groups were irradiated in 16 equally distributed points in the cranial skin flap portion. They were submitted to the irradiation during the immediate, first and second
postoperative days. The necrosis area was evaluated in the seventh postoperative day. Results: The CG shows 49,35% of
necrosis area in the skin flap; G1, 39,14%; G2, 47,01% and
G3, 29,17% respectively. On seventh postirradiation day, there
was a significantly difference when G3 was compared with
CG’s skin flap necrosis area (p<.001), but no significant differ-
PP064
In vitro study on increase of temperature on the radicular external surface during Diode Laser intracanal application
ANDREA DA DONSECA ALVAREZ; HARRY DAVIDOMICZ;
ABÍLIO ALBUQUERQUE MARANHÃO DE MOURA; MIRIAM
ANTÔNIO PORCEL DOS SANTOS; GIOVANA PALEARI
This in vitro study aims to evaluate the energy released in the
form of heat, during Diode laser application, after endodontic
instrumentation, with the purpose of reducing the microbial incidence on the radicular dentine surface as well in depth.
Twenty lower incisors single-roots were used. The roots were
submitted to endodontic instrumentation and, in the sequel, irradiated according to technique recommended by Gutknecht
(1996). The temperature monitoring was made by a thermocouple type K. The specimens were kept into physiologic solution at 37°C during the entire execution of the test, by means of
a methodology developed for this study. The concern of this
study remains in the establishment of safe parameters for the
use of this type of intracanal laser, which, by this way, will not
incur in increase of temperature over 10°C, and thus, will avoid
the occurrence of injuries to the irradiated and periodontal tissues. According to the used parameters (1.5W, 2.0W, 2.5W,
3.0W e 3.5W), results have showed that a power up to 3.0W
makes the limit for thermal condition, a register that can be
considered as a safe parameter regarding increase of temperature on the radicular external surface, and an efficient parame-
130
13904ABS.PGS
2/14/05
1:54 PM
Page 131
2004 ABSTRACTS WALT
ter regarding microbial reduction, agreeing with the examined
literature.
PP065
Case report: The use of Nd: YAG Laser as an assistant to endodontic treatment in teeth with periapical bone lesion
CLAUDIA SEKINE; CARLOS EDUARDO AUN; GIULIO
GAVINI; SELMA CRISTINA CURY CAMARGO
One of the main factors for the success in endodontic treatment with necrotic pulp teeth is the bacterial contamination
control. One knows that during conventional endodontic
therapy, even after the proper conventional preparation,
using highly effective antimicrobial intracanal chemicals
and medication, some microorganisms are able to survive in
contact to the root dentine as well the external surface of the
root, reaching periapical tissues. Literature states that laser
can promote bacterial reduction, and the Nd: YAG laser has
been shown good results in this field. Thus, the present study
aims at illustrating the use of the Nd: YAG laser as a complement to the conventional endodontic technique for teeth with
periapical bone lesion, showing that laser therapy is an additional resource available for cleaning and disinfecting the
root canal system.
PP066
Effects of water flow on composite resin ablation with
Er:YAG Laser
LILIAN MORIYAMA; LUCIMARA CRISTINA NAKATA
SCADUTO; ROSANE DE FÁTIMA ZANIRATO LIZARELLI;
VANDERLEI SALVADOR BAGNATO
It has been well established that water application is necessary
for the efficient Er:YAG laser ablation of dental hard tissues.
Studies have explored the possibility and the efficiency of
composite resin restoration removal with this laser. The purpose of this work is to investigate the influence of water flow
during ablation of composite resin. The samples were prepared and shared into groups related to water flow (from zero
to 0.87ml/ s) and pulse energy (100,200,300 and 400mJ).
Within the combination of irradiation parameters, the samples
were irradiated for 10seconds with frequency of 10Hz and the
resultant cavities had their diameters and depths measured
under optical microscope. Later, the samples were analyzed
under SEM to investigate their superficial morphological aspects. The results show that the water flow is more influent for
300 and 400mJ than for 100 and 200mJ. Interesting aspects
can be observed when the water was absent; the micrographs
show an intense carbonization of the irradiated surface for energies greater than 100mJ, showing an aspect of melting and
later re-solidification. When we analyzed the cavities depth as
a function of pulse energies, we observed a saturation tendency for water absence and for the largest water flow, it happens because when we don’t have water or when we have
much water, the plasma or the excess of water absorbs part of
the light reducing the laser-material interaction and hence the
ablated amount. An effective ablation of composite resin
using Er:YAG laser requires an appropriated water flow for
each irradiation condition.
PP067
Low-level Laser effect on neurosensory recovery after inferior alveolar damage
CARLOS ALBERTO MARTINS; ROGÉRIO MIRANDA
PAGNONCELLI; PAULO EDUARDO KREISNER; VINICIUS
NERY VIEGAS
Injury to the inferior alveolar nerve is related to the removal of
impacted mandibular third molars. Low-level laser has been
advocated as a therapeutic for a variety of conditions including
the treatment of paresthesias. It was reported a case of a patient
with paresthesia of the inferior alveolar nerve after removal of
an impacted third molar, wich was treated with low level laser
therapy. Laser irradiation was carried out with an extraoral low
intensity HeNe laser (660 nm, 50 mW), and intraoral GaAlAs
(780 nm, 50 mW). The following points were irradiated with 3
J/cm2, with a total dosage of 15 J per session: extrabucally, on
the mental foramen and along the distribution of the paresthesia; intrabucally, irradiating the retromolar region, at bucal, occlusal and lingual sites, for a total of 20 sessions. A satisfatory
improvement in sensory perception of the inferior alveolar
nerve was obtained.
PP068
Comparative study using two lasers 685 nm and 830 nm in
the process of tissue repair of rats tenotomized tendons
PATRÍCIA CARRINHO; PAULO UMENO KOEKE; ANA
CLAÚDIA BONONE SALATE; CHARLES TACIRO;
ANA CLAÚDIA MUNIZ RENNO; NIVALDO ANTONIO
PARIZOTTO
Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of low power laser with different wavelengths and energy densities on the tendinous repair process of calcaneal
tendon of mice. Materials and Methods: 48 male mice were
used. Of them, 40 animals were submitted to a total tenotomy in the medial region of right calcaneal tendon. The animals were divided in 6 experimental groups. Group A:
treated with laser 685 nm, 3 J/cm2; group B: treated with
laser 685 nm, 10 J/cm2; group C: treated with laser 830 nm, 3
J/cm2; D: treated with 830 nm, 10 J/cm2; groups E and F
were classified as injured control / placebo treatment and
standard control, respectively. The animals were killed on
the 13th day of P.O and their tendons were removed for a
quantitative and qualitative analysis of the tendinous repair
through of polarization microscopy. Results: Through differences of optical retardation OR (nm) values corresponding
to the total birefringence it was found that the fibroblastics
cell and the molecules of collagen responded to the LLLT
during the 13 days of tissue repair, probably through the increase of fibroblastic proliferation and collagen synthesis.
Group A presented better results as the organization, aggregation, alignment and deposition of collagen fibers in the
site of lesion, differing statistically from the other groups.
Conclusions: The improvement of quality of tendinous repair was related to the combination of LLLT parameters
used, where the laser 685 nm, 3 J/cm2 promoted better results in the repair acceleration.
131
13904ABS.PGS
2/14/05
1:54 PM
Page 132
2004 ABSTRACTS WALT
PP069
Laser bleaching in deciduous tooth with staining due to traumatism
ALEXANDRE VIDAL CUCURULL PUIG; ADRIANA
MACEDO; DANILO DUARTE
This study has been developed in order to show how efficient
is the technique laser bleaching in deciduous tooth with gray
staining due to traumatism. The five years old patient had a
traumatism happened from an accidental downfall and consequently dark coronary and necrosis of in upper right central incisor. After the endodontic treatment based on iodoform paste a
laser bleaching has been carried out. The patient was submited
to the laser bleaching with sodium perborate and hydrogen peroxide 35%. Before the laser bleaching takes a place a protection on the soft tissue with vaseline paste was made. It was
applied Laser Light Brightness (Kondortech®) with leds. The
laser diode infrared applied had 30mW potency and 790 nm
wavelength. The eight leds had 470nm ± 10 wavelength, and
32000 millicandelas nominal potency. This application has
been utilized for 30 seconds and the procedure was repeated
three times in just one session. The laser bleaching showed satisfactory result, without dentin sensitivity as well as structural
changes in enamel aprismatic was not observed. Therefore
based on all these facts conclude that the laser bleaching becomes an important clinical alternative to be considered during
the routine in pediatric dentistry.
PP070
Effect of LLLT on mechanical properties of rat tibia after
hole injury
CHARLES TACIRO; MARINO, JOSIANE; PARIZOTTO, NIVALDO ANTONIO
Background and Objective: Low-power laser radiation is currently used in pain treatment and osteoarticular inflammation.
However, the mechanisms of laser biostimulating effects on
tissue are not completely understood. The objective of this
study was to evaluate the effects of LLLT irradiation with different dosage on bone repair in tibia of the rat after hole injury
by biomechanical method. Study Design / Materials and Methods: 24 male Wistar rats were randomly divided in 3 groups of
8 rats each group. They were anesthetized by intraperitoneal
injection of ketamine and xylazine 2%. A longitudinal incision
was made through the skin and muscle fascia. Then a hole was
pierced in the cortical bone of the tibia in the proximal 1/3,
using dental drills, to obtain a hole diameter of 1.8 mm. The
first group (group 5J) received a treatment with laser 830 nm,
5J/cm2, the second group (group 50J) was treated with laser
830 nm, 50 J/cm2 and the third group (placebo group) received
the placebo treatment, during 12 days. After 12 irradiations the
animals were killed, the tibia was removed and tested at tension up to failure (three point mechanical test, INSTRON
4.444 testing apparatus). The maximal load at failure, maximal
normal load, structural stiffness, extension maximal and energy absorption were measured. Results: The laser irradiation
did not show significant changes on the mechanical properties
studied (p<0.05). Under the conditions of this study, LLLT
stimulation did not provide a significant effect for healing the
bone lesion.
PP071
Treatment of cutaneous wounds of different ethiologies using
Al-GaInP 670 nm Laser
RAFAEL DAVINI; CAMILA ADALGISA DE OLIVEIRA; GIOVANA MAMEDE; MICHELE COELHO; RINALDO GUIRRO;
VITOR BARANAUSKAS
This work examines the effects of low power laser radiation on
the healing process of cutaneous wounds from different etiologies like excoriation, animal bite, surgical, leprosy, burning, vascular and pressure ulcers. Seven male and female patients with
n=8 ulcers located in lower limbs region were treated. An AlGaInP laser radiating continuous laser power of 29.5mW at
670nm wavelength was used. Treatments were made three times
per week. The laser beam spot area was 0.02cm2 but the beam
was scanned over the wounded area to deliver an energy density dose of 4Jcm2 per ulcer.The injured and healing areas have
been measured by computer calculation from photographs.
Statistical student t test with a significant level of p<0.05 was
used to compare the initial and final injury areas. A reduction
of 66.3% of the injured area was observed. Details of the evolution of each patient will be reported and discussed.
PP072
Software for Laser Therapy area measurements
RAFAEL DAVINI; MATHEUS POLLI; CAROLINA VIANNA
NUNES; ELAINE GUIRRO; RINALDO GUIRRO; VITOR
BARANAUSKAS
Laser therapy usually requires accurate measurements of the
injured areas, to establish the correct dose of energy density and
to compare the evolution of the laser treatments. A software for
automatic measurement of the injured areas taken from photographic or screen images, dedicated to laser therapy, was developed. The software counts the number of black pixels of the
figure comparing its size with a measure unit of the ruler, which
is present in the photograph. The user points out 2 points in the
ruler and specifies the distance between them. The area of a
black pixels are calculated from the number of pixels between
the two marked ones and multiplies the value by the number of
black pixels of the figure. For the software validation, the same
procedures were taken with geometrical figures with previously
defined areas and assessed by different operators. The software
has been showed efficient to assess wound areas without tunnels, during pre and post-periods of treatment by using laser
therapy or other therapeutical resources.
PP073
Effects of continuous and pulsed Low Power Laser radiation
in chronical cutaneous ulcers: a preliminary study
RAFAEL DAVINI; ELISÂNGELA FASCINA; PAULA DOMINGUES; MATHEUS POLLI; ELAINE GUIRRO; VITOR BARANAUSKAS
The aim of this study was to examine the effects of laser radiation on chronic skin ulcers from different etiologies: arterial,
venous and Leprosy sequel. Three male and two female patients with 7 ulcers (n=7) located in lower limbs area were
treated. Two types of laser have been used. Type I was an AlGaInP laser with 670 nm wavelength, pulsed at 2 kHz with
15.5 mW average laser power, and Type II was an AsGaAl laser
132
13904ABS.PGS
2/14/05
1:54 PM
Page 133
2004 ABSTRACTS WALT
with 830 nm wavelength, with 30 mW continuous laser power.
Treatments were made three times per week, for 10 weeks, with
energy density dose of 6 Jcm2 per ulcer.The laser radiation
was applied by scanning (Type I) or punctually (Type II) over
the ulcer area. The injured and healing areas have been measured by computer calculation from photographs taken at the
1st, 5th, and 10th week. The evolution of the treatment using
these two types of laser will be discussed.
the times of 20 and 40 seconds; GROUP II—argon laser light
source (unit Innova 100 Coherent, USA—200 mW/cm2) for the
times of 20 and 40 seconds and GRUPO III—LEDs light
source (LEC 470 I MMOptics—São Carlos/SP Brazil—80
mW/cm2) for the times of 20, 40 and 60 seconds. After the
making, the samples were stored in dry mean for 37 C for 24
hours. After it was made the test of Vickers hardness with 12
impressions for the top (0 mm) and the base (2 mm) surfaces.
The data were submitted to the analysis of Variance (p<0,05).
The values of the standard deviation of the measures of hardness were smaller than 1% of the average, indicating a difference significant statistically among almost all the groups. The
light source halogen promoted the best results for the technique trans-dental independent of the analyzed factor (thickness of the facet, times of exposure and depth of the composite
resin).
PP074
The influence of a PVC sealwrap and of external light on the
performance of DIAGNOdent
RENATA MACIEL MALHEIRO E ROCHA; FAUSTO M.
MENDES; J. NICOLAU; DENISE M. ZEZELL
The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of a PVC
Sealwrap (PS), as barrier protection and of the External Light
(EL) on the DIAGNOdent (DD) performance in occlusal sites
of primary molars. For each study, 17 sites were analyzed in
different conditions. PS study: 1) DD calibrated without PVC
sealwrap in its tip, (2) DD calibrated with one layer of the sealwrap, (3) DD calibrated with three layers, (4) DD calibrated
without sealwrap and samples analyzed with one layer of this
film on its tip, (5) DD calibrated without sealwrap and samples
analyzed with three layers of the film on its tip. EL study: (1)
ambient light only, (2) odontological reflector (OR) 22-cm focussample distance, (3) OR 40-cm focus-sample distance, (4) OR
60-cm focus-sample distance and (5) inside a bag that simulated oral cavity. ANOVA and Tukey tests revealed statistically
significant difference between the results found for groups
13; 14; 15; 24; 25 (p<0.001) and 23 (p<0.01) in
the PS study. In the EL study, these differences were found for
groups 14; 24; 45 (p<0.01). To improve DD performance, the tip of the device must be calibrated in the same condition of those in which the measurements will be achieved.
Conditions that use one layer of the PVC sealwrap showed the
best results, whereas three layers must be avoided to don’t underestimate caries. Based on EL study, the maximum focustooth distance must be about 30-cm to don’t superestimate
caries lesions in clinic situations. Acknoledgements: FAPESP,
Procad/CAPES
PP076
Clinical case of trigeminal neuralgia with therapeutical
Laser application
RIANNE VILELA; GENOVESE, W.J.; LUPPI, J.S.;
BUCHRIESER, I.B.
The Trigemeo Nerve is called like that because have Three
largests branches distributed by extensive areas of the face.
These form the sensitive nerve portion and receive denominations in agreement its main territories of distribution. The
inferior jaw branche is complished by a motor branche. In Odontology we fall in with the engaged of one or more branches of
this nerve in Trigemeo Neuralgia that is manifested through
cutaneous, mucogengivais and odontogênicas pains, esqueléticos muscles of the mouth and the face pain . . . With trigger
points of pain. In these case, the therapeutical laser can act as a
coadjuvant of the sintomatology treatment as analgesic and
bioestimulant as shown in these clinical case. The Therapeutical
Laser Quasar (Dentoflex) with 3Joules was applied on Trigger
points first, Principal Laser points second and on Second Laser
points (all over the selected branch at diagnostic). Pontual aplication. It has been concluded how much this knowledge is important for General Clinic to offer another treatment option
that gives confort to the patients.
PP075
The use of different light sources at the curing of a microhybrid composite resin
ALESSANDRA NARA DE SOUZA RASTELLI; MARCELO
FERRAREZI DE ANDRADE; CRISTINA KURACHI; VANDERLEI SALVADOR BAGNATO
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the capacity of curing of the three different light sources (Halogen, Argon Laser
and LEDs) used in the trans-dental light-curing technique by
means of the test of Vickers hardness. It was made 140 samples
with the composite resin Charisma at the color A2, being used
a metallic mold, contends central orifice with 4 mm in diameter
and 2 mm of thickness (ISO 4049). It was used facets of dental
structure with 1,2; 1,5 and 2,0 mm of thickness (it enamels and
dentin) for curing the samples. As control group, there was not
interference of facet of the dental structure. The groups were
distributed like this: GROUP I—halogen light source (unit
KM-200R—DMC—São Carlos/SP Brazil—880 mW/cm2) for
PP077
Comparison of the Low Level Laser Therapy effects on cultured human gingival fibroblasts proliferation using different irradiance
LUCIANA ALMEIDA LOPES; VANDERLEI SALVADOR
BAGNATO; MÁRCIA MARTINS MARQUES
In order to verify the effect of LLLT on the in vitro proliferation of gingival fibroblasts we worked with primary culture of
human gingival fibroblasts (LMF). The cell line grown in DME
with 5% (nutritional deficit) of fetal bovine serum (fbs) in order
to simulate a cellular stress condition. Laser irradiation was
carried out with diode laser with wavelength at 664 nm in three
conditions. At first, the output power was kept stable at 56 mW,
and set the total energy applied at 2, 5, 10 and 15 Joules. Then,
the energy was set at 2 Joules and we worked with power output at 56 mW and 28 mW. At last, with the energy set at 2
Joules and the power output at 56 mW, we worked with the laser
emitting in CW and pulsed modes (setting the frequencies at
133
13904ABS.PGS
2/14/05
1:54 PM
Page 134
2004 ABSTRACTS WALT
10, 60, 120 and 180 Hz). In the experiment 1 (stable output
power and different energy applied), the best results were
achieved for the total deposited energy of 2 J. In the second
part (energy set at 2 Joules and different output power) the best
results were achieved when using the highest output power. In
the last part (energy set at 2 Js, output power set at 56mW and
CW or Pulsed modes at different frequencies) was observed
that CW mode presented the best results, and for the Pulsed
mode, the highest frequency presented the best results. A lower
energy rate improves in vitro fibroblasts proliferation, a lower
laser exposure time results in higher proliferation and laser
emitting on CW mode present best results in terms of proliferation than pulsed laser, and when pulsed lasers are being used
high frequencies are better than low frequencies.
PP078
Dark cytotoxicity of the photoproducts of the photogem after
photobleaching induced by Laser
PRISCILA FERNANDA CAMPOS DE MENEZES; CLAUDIA
ADRIANA S. MELO; VANDERLEI SALVADOR BAGNATO;
JANICE RODRIGUES PERUSSI
Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) is based on the uptake by the
tumor tissue of an administered photosensitizer (PS) and local
illumination by a laser, leading to tumor destruction. During
light exposure the photosensitizer changes its fluorescence and
absorption properties because of photobleaching and photoproducts formation as shown in vitro and in vivo, evidenced by
the appearance of a new absorption band around 640nm. Photogem is a hematoporphyrin derivative produced in Russia and
being used in PDT in Brazil. In this work, Photogem photobleaching was induced and the cytotoxicity of the photoproducts investigated in cell cultures. Photogem was irradiated in
514 and 630nm, 100mW/cm2, 10–120min. During the light
exposure the PS changes its fluorescence and absorption properties due to photodegradation and photoproducts formation
evidenced by the appearance of a new absorption band around
640nm. It was observed that both events depend on the wavelength of the light since they both were more pronounced in
514 than in 630nm. After the irradiation, Photogem was incubated for 18h with a tumor or normal cell line, the PS removed,
the cells incubated by 48h and counted by the MTT method.
The IC50 depends on the irradiation time of Photogem: IC50
increases 50% after 40min of irradiation of PS in 630nm in
normal cells and after 10min in tumor cells. The results suggest
that the photoproducts of Photogem are less cytotoxic, this information is very important for dosimetry in PDT as well as for
the safety of the therapy. Financial Support: FAPESP
PP079
Effect of Low Level Laser Therapy (Ga -Al -As – 650 nm) Applied on the Carrageenan-Induced Inflammation
FLÁVIO AIMBIRE SOARSE DE CARVALHO; REGIANE ALBERTINE; ANDREA DELLU FRANCO; RENATO AMARO
ZÂNGARO; RODRIGO ÁLVARO BRANDÃO LOPES MARTINS; EMILIA ARISAWA LOSCHIAVO
Inflammation consists of local and systemic reactions of the
organism against an aggression. There are few studies investigating the anti-inflammatory effect of low power lasers. In this
work, we investigated the effect of Ga-Al-As laser radiation on
the carrageenan-induced inflammatory on the rat paw. Methods:
Male Wistar rats (n= 6 animals for each experimental group)
were used. The rat paw edema was induced by sub-plantar injection of carrageenan (1 mg/paw)and irradiated with the GaAl-As laser using 2.5 mW or 50 mW of potency and energy
density of 2.5 J/cm2 to each hour during three hours. The laser
irradiation with 2.5 mW clearly prevented the migration of inflammatory cells to the damaged tissue, in contrast the potency
of 50 mW increases the tissue damage.
PP080
Effect of Low Level Laser Therapy (Ga Al As; 650 nm) on
carrageenan—Induced pleurisy
FLÁVIO AIMBIRE SOARSE DE CARVALHO; REGIANE ALBERTINE; FERNANDA ISHIDA CORREA; HUGO CAIRE
CASTRO FARIA NETO; MARCOS TADEU TAVARES
PACHECO; RODRIGO ÁLVARO BRANDÃO LOPES MARTINS
The inflammatory reaction represents a set of local and general
reactions of the organism against an aggression. There are few
studies telling the efficiency of the low level laser therapy
(LLLT) and its antiinflammatory effect. The purpose of presenting study was to investigate the effect of the therapy with
Ga-Al-As laser, in the acute inflammatory process, using the
classic model of pleurisy Methods: The pleurisy was induced
with an intrathoracic injection of carrageenan (0.1 mg/cavity)
in mice. The laser irradiation was accomplished using protocols
to establish the densities of energy. The protocol to the LLLT
was done through of 3 irradiations in intervals of 1 h after
pleurisy. Results: The densities of energy that produced antiinflammatory effect were 1 J/cm2 and 2,5 J/cm2 in reducing the
inflammatory cell number in pleurisy model. In parallel studies, the animals were adrenallectomized and treated with
mifepristone (corticoid antagonist) respectively. After these
proceedings, the LLLT was not able to inhibit the cell influx.
These results suggest a possible mechanism of action of LLLT
involving the stimulation of an endocrine axis and consequent
anti inflammatory effect. Further studies are necessary to clarify this hypothesis.
PP081
The effects of phototherapy on oral mucositis in bone marrow transplant patients—Preliminary results
THEREZA CHRISTINNA CELLOS G. PINHEIRO LADALARDO; BRUNA TIRAPELLI; TARSO MUGNAI MARRACCINI; ROBERTO AUGUSTO DE CARVALHO CAMPOS;
JOSÉ SALVADOR R. OLIVEIRA; LUC LOUIS MAURICE
WECKX
Oral mucositis (OM) in patients who have undergone bone marrow transplantation (BMT) is the mucosa inflammatory response
as a result of the myeloablative chemotherapy which inhibits not
on the cellular and humoral defense capability but also the cicatricial and regenerative capability, jeopardizing the immunosuppressed patients’ recovery. The purpose of this study was to
evaluate the prophylactic and therapeutic effects of the diode
laser on oral mucositis in bone marrow transplantation recipients.
Clinical modifications were assessed by means of he WHO scale
in 21 patients, both sexes, age ranging from 16 to 62 years, who
had undergone bone marrow transplant. Twelve patients had the
oral cavity irradiated daily for nine consecutive days from D0,
day of bone marrow infusion, up to D+8, the eighth day postinfusion, with a InGaAlP diode laser (Dentoflex—Quasar type) of
134
13904ABS.PGS
2/14/05
1:54 PM
Page 135
2004 ABSTRACTS WALT
685nm wavelength and 50mw power density. The control group
comprised nine non-irradiated patients. Significant differences in
the clinical development of the disease were observed comparing
the irradiated group with the non-irradiated control group. In patients of the irradiated group, the severity of oral mucositis decreased significantly with the occurrence of grade I from D+5 on,
while in the control group grade I took place from D+2 on. The
retarding of the occurrence of oral mucositis reduces the period
of infection risk for the stage of the patient’s medullary recovery
is closer. Patients receiving laser irradiation on the oral cavity experienced a lower degree of discomfort, control of the inflammatory response, maintenance of the mucosa integrity, a better tissue
regeneration and the severity development reduction of the cases.
PP082
Experimental arthritis by urate crystals after HeNe Laser irradiation
FERNANDO SORIANO; CAMPANA, V.; MOYA, M.; GAVOTTO,
A.; SPITALE, L.; PALMA, J.; SORIANO, R.; SORIANO, M.
Raised blood uric acid may form microscopic crystals in the
joint. These crystals set up the inflammation which is called acute
gouty arthritis. We evaluated Low Level Laser therapy efficacy
on fibrinogen (PF) in the plasma of rats with arthritis induced by
urate crystals. In addition histological (HS) studies were carried
out. 2mg uric acid were injected in both joints of the lower limbs
of rats during two days. A group were treated with laser of He-Ne
(6 mW) on the injected joints during 3 consecutive days. After 96
hours of the first injection, animals were sacrificed to determine
fibrinogen by spectrophotometry. Sections from the lower limbs
were used for HS studies. A statistically significant increase.
PP083
Plasmatic levels of L-citruline after Laser irradiation and rofecoxib treatment in rats with induced arthritis
FERNANDO SORIANO; CAMPANA, V.; MOYA, M.; REINOSO,
C.; SIMES, J.; PALMA, J.; SORIANO, R.
Introduction: In the inflammatory process the activated macrophages secretes oxide nitric co- produced with L-Citruline. The
aim of this study has been to study the behaviour of L-Citrulina
like a marker on induced arthritis in rats treated with rofecoxib
and HeNe laser irradiation. Material and Method: 2 mg of
hidroxiapatita (HP)were injected in both joints of the lower
limbs of rats during 3 days. Rats were assigned in 4 different
groups: Group 1: control; Group 2: rats with induced arthritis
(untreated arthritis); Group 3: rats with induced arthritis and irradiated with He-Ne (7 mW); Group 4: rats with induced arthritis and treated with Rofecoxib (0,05 mg/day/rat). The laser
irradiations were carried out daily on the joints to the 24, 48
and 72 hs. the same as the injections of rofecoxib. L-Citruline
was determined by spectophotometry. Fisher test was used for
statistical results. Results: a statistically significant increase.
PP084
Effects of He-Ne Laser on calcium pyrophosphate arthropathies
FERNANDO SORIANO; CAMPANA, V.; MOYA, M.; GAVOTTO,
A.; SIMES, J.; PALMA, J.; SORIANO, R.; SORIANO, M.
The microcrystalline arthropathies share in common the inflammatory response arising from or associated with the presence
of different crystals in joints, such as the calcium pyrophos-
phate (CP), the deposit of wich is the cause of pseudogout or
chondrocalcinosis. Considering that fibrinogen as well as the
tumoral necrosis factor (TNF) are important in regulating inflammation and immunity they have been determined in the
plasma of rats with arthropathies induced by CP to assess the
antiinflammatory capacity of He-Ne laser therapy in microcrystalline arthropathies. Additional anatomopathological (AP)
studies were carried out. 2 mg. CP were injected in boths joints
of the lower limbs of rats during 2 days. A group was treated
with laser of He-Ne (6 mW) in the injected joints during 3 consecutive days. After 96 hours of the first injection, animals
were sacrificed by decapitation and the blood obtained was
centrifuged to determine TNF in plasma by Elisa and fibrinogen by spectrophotometry. Sections from the lower limbs were
used for AP studies. A statistically significant increase.
PP085
Ankle sprains treatment using combined lllt with R.I.C.E.
FERNANDO SORIANO; CAMPANA, V.; SORIANO, R.; SORIANO, M.
The ankle is the most frequently injured region of the body in
sportsmen, accounting for up to 45% of all athletic injuries.
85% of ankle injuries are sprains. As a sprain is often considered minor, many of these are never evaluated and treated
properly leading to a predisposition for re-injuring with rates
of up to 40%. More than the 80% of ankle sprains involving
the lateral ligament complex. When an ankle sprain occurs, the
patients must be evaluate with X-ray to rule out an avulsion
fracture and an ultrasound study must be indicated in order to
graduate the ligament lesion. After excluded a fracture, in the
acute phase the objective is to control pain and swelling and to
provide ankle support, because is important to limit the amount
of soft tissue fibrosis and haemorrhage. The application of the
principles of RICE (Rest—Ice—Compression - Elevation) is
very useful and in this point the incorporation of laser therapy
plays a very important role. We used a Galium Arsenide 904
nm diode laser device, pulsed width 200 nsec., pulse frequency
10.000 Hz peak power of 20 W, average power 40 mW, spot
size 150 um2 in area and angle divergence of 6°. We applied
punctual and contact technique with points separated by 2—3
cm covering at the beginning all the oedematous area with a
punctual dose of 4J/cm2. After irradiating that area, the ligament affected was reinforced with a dose of 6 J/cm2. The frequency of sessions was 5 times a week. In 134 patients with
ankle sprains of degree II, treated under this protocol we obtained 87% of good and excellent results in a period of 2
weeks. In this way, aggressive rehabilitation is possible to take
place earlier and as a consequence the athlete should be able to
return to full play in 3 weeks after the injury and with a low
rate of instability and persistent pain.
PP086
Analysis “in vitro” of Low Power Laser effects on the treated
zone during surgeries Transmyocardial Laser Revascularization (TMRL)
RITCHELLI RICCI; MARIA CRISTINA CHAVANTES;
CRISTINA PACHECO SOARES; MARCELO DE CASTRO
PAZOS; MARCOS TADEU PACHECO TAVARES
The Low Level Laser Therapy used on angiogenesis biostimulation, may become “a posteriori” another source in cardiac
135
13904ABS.PGS
2/14/05
1:54 PM
Page 136
2004 ABSTRACTS WALT
surgeries to recover ischemic areas of the heart. The analysis of
the results of Low Power Laser (LPL) effects, is of fundamental importance, due to a possible less invasive surgeries in the
future in an exponentially growing group of cardiac patients in
this country and around the world. When High Level CO2
Laser is applied in Transmyocardial Laser Revascularization
(TMRL) to treat ischemic myocardium, still not totally understood the secondary effects that may occur, although probably
one of them is the neoangiogenic proccess. We believe, that simultaneously to the photomechanic reactions of the CO2 cirurgic laser (800W), a possible secondary effect takes place,
probably by the so called “Residual Effect of Laser” capable of
incurring biomodulatory effect, promoting an increase on cell
proliferation and consequently vascularization of the adjacent
zone. This work analyzed the effect of LLL on endothelial cell
proliferation by the accompaniment of the proliferative response of cell cultures as a function of the application of a 685
nm Low Level Semiconductor Laser (InGaAlP), with fluences
of 2; 4 and 8 J/cm2 and powers of 10 and 20 mW. We observed
proliferation of nutritional stressed cells in all dosimetries,
being 8 J/cm2 the most expressive one (P<0,05). Our results
may be a contribution, and new studies are necessary to understand all the biochemical effects of the LLL on the treated zone
during surgeries for the recovery of ischemic areas of the myocardium. Key words: Low Level Laser, cardiac angiogenesis,
endothelial cells culture.
PP087
Evaluation of Fluorescence Diagnosis of the Muscle Injury
VITÓRIA HELENA MACIEL COELHO; VANDERLEI SALVADOR BAGNATO
Muscle injuries occur frequently not only with athletes, but
also with common people. The diagnostic methods used for detection of these injuries show high costs and do not provide immediate results. The diagnosis by fluorescence is a new
technique that evaluates the level and the extension of the injury, being of extreme importance for the identification and effective treatment of these injuries, as it is not an invasive
method and provides immediate results. The use of this
method, using an optical device to distinguish normal and injured tissue, is discussed on this paper. The injury was produced by a drop-mass equipament in rat soleus to produce
non-invasive contusions on 5 Wistar rats that were monitored
for 21 consecutive days. The injury was monitored using as a
diagnostic system an excitation laser at 442nm, application
probe, a monochromator and a computer. The diagnostic was
carried through direct contact with the investigated tissue. The
animals were manually immobilized for the measure, without
the need of anesthesia. The acquired spectra of the injured tissue was compared with the spectra of normal tissue for the results and conclusion of this paper, which shows that the
method can successfully be used to characterize and rank muscle injuries. The present study suggests the efficacy of fluorescence for the diagnostic of muscle injury by means of the
acquired results, verifying visually significant differences between the analysed spectra. These results indicate that fluorescence spectroscopy is a promising method, providing
immediate results.
PP088
The judgment of the protocol for evaluation of wounds for
use in Low Power Lasertherapy
ANA LÚCIA GARGIONE GALVÃO DE SANT’ANNA; VÅNIA
MARIA DE ARAÚJO GIARETTA; SANDRA CRISTINA LABAT;
MARIA BELÉN SALAZAR POSSO
The lasers today constitute a technological reality and the low
powers have been used as coadjuvant in treatment of open
wounds, with the aim to assist in restoration of tecidual integrity. The low power or low intensity lasertherapy consist
in therapeutical aplication of laser with power < 500 mW,
using doses = 35J/cm2. Mester (1971), registered biological
effects of the laser, as for photobiostimulation in the process
of tecidual regeneration and for pain reduction, suggesting
that, these lasers selectively accelerate some cellular processes of regeneration of wounds and cell functions. This
work has the aim to validate the protocol of evaluation of
wounds through the appreciation of five judges expert in
laser and/ or wounds. For this purpose we will use a methodology with quantitative and descriptive analysis, based in a
protocol data of evaluation of wounds for low lasertherapy
that is composed by items that evaluate wound characteristics
and the parameters for the use of the low power lasers. The
results will be gotten evaluating absolute numbers and percentage from the judges analysis. This study will supply subsidyes for implementation of a new protocol for evaluation of
wounds, using low power lasertherapy, in the supervised
practice center (SPC) of UNIVAP.
PP089
In vitro evaluation of superficial roughness of different composite resins treated with 35% hydrogen peroxide
ALESSANDRA SIERVI MATTOS; ANTÔNIO LUIZ BARBOSA
PINHEIRO; CAMILE CAJAZEIRA SOUTO; CARMEN A.
VILAS BOAS MOTTA; EDMAR JOSÉ BORGES SANTANA;
LEONARDO COSTA; REBECA BARROSO BEZERRA
Nowadays, dental bleaching is a routinely used procedure by
dentists, but it possesses same adverse effects such as the possibility of superficial roughness alterations of both the dental
structure and restorative materials. The purpose of this in vitro
study was to evaluate the superficial roughness of 3 different
composite resins, treated with 35% hydrogen peroxide. Sixty
samples of composite resin were light cured for 20 seconds with
halogen light. The samples were divided into two main groups,
treated or not with 35% hydrogen peroxide which were activated by LED (Ultra blue IV-D MC). Six groups of 10 samples
each were used: G.A and G.B – hybrid composite resin (Filtek
Z250 -3M,Espe) but G.B was exposed to 35% hydrogen peroxide; G.C and G.D—microfil composite resin (Durafill-Kulzer),
but G.D was exposed to 35% hydrogen peroxide; G.E and G.F –
nanofil composite resin (Filtek Supreme-3M,Espe), but G.F
group was exposed to 35% hydrogen peroxide. The samples
were stored in distilled water at 37 C during the experiment.
The samples were evaluated by a roughness machine (SJ 201Mitutoyo). The results were as follows (average in Ra and standard deviation): G.A(0.41 ± 0.06);G.B(0.49 ± 0.06); G.C(0.39
± 0.07);G.D(0.45 ± 0.07);G.E(0.37 ± 0.07) and G.F(0.42 ±
0.06).The data were statistically analyzed by ANOVA (p0.05).
136
13904ABS.PGS
2/14/05
1:54 PM
Page 137
2004 ABSTRACTS WALT
It is concluded that the use of 35% hydrogen peroxide solution
does not affect the superficial roughness of composite resin.
PP090
Superficial stain in the composite resin with and without immediate polishing after different bleaching agents action (in
vitro study)
ALESSANDRA SIERVI MATTOS; ANTÔNIO LUIZ BARBOSA
PINHEIRO; CAMILE CAJAZEIRA SOUTO; CARMEM A.
VILAS BOAS MOTTA; EDMAR JOSÉ BORGES SANTANA;
REBECA BARROSO BEZERRA
Nowadays, dental bleaching is a routine procedure at the dental
office, but it has same adverse effects such as a possible change
on the superficial roughness of restorative materials that can
contribute to composite resin staining. The aim of this in vitro
study was to evaluate the superficial staining of a composite
resin (Z250–3M) with and without immediate polishing after the
use of different bleaching agents. Sixty samples of composite
resin light cured by LED (Ultra blue IV-DMC), were made.
When polishing was performed following bleaching it was carried out with felt disc and paste (Diamond-FGM). Six groups
(n=10) were used: G.A- Composite resin light cured by LED
(control of C and E groups); G.B- composite resin polished;
G.C- composite resin submitted 88hours of 10% carbamide peroxide(Whiteness Perfect-FGM) control of D and F groups; G.Dcomposite resin submitted an 88hous of 10% carbamide peroxide(Whiteness perfect-FGM) and polished; G.E- composite!
resin submitted a 35% hydrogen Peroxide(Whiteness HP), photo
activated by LED and G.F – composite resin submitted a 35%
hydrogen peroxide(Whiteness HP), cured by LED, twice with
two applications each one and then it were polished. The samples were immersed in 2% methilen blue solution for 4 hours.
Then samples were washed in current water and stored at 37%C.
Three calibrated examiners evaluated and scored the superficial
staining (0= without staining; 1= medium staining and 2= severe
staining). The data was statistically analyzed (Fisherman test)
and there was no statistically difference (p>0.05) between the
groups with and without polishing after the bleaching.
PP091
Dynamic retetion of porphyrin in caries for PBT
AUGUSTO CÉSAR RIBEIRO FIGUEIREDO; CRISTINA KURACHI; FERNANDO DE MORAES M RIBEIRO; VANDERLEI SALVADOR BAGNATO
In the last few years, PDT (Photodynamic Therapy) has been
introduced as an alternative treatment for carie disease. Several
studies reported the efficacy of PDT in killed bacteria (and we
suggest the alternative name Photobacteritoxicity – PBT), specially for Streptococcus mutans in suspension or in plaque. Even
though there are studies of clinical applications, little is known
concerning the dynamics of the photosensitizer into the carious
lesion. The main goal of this study was the cinetics analysis of
a hematoporphyrin derivative in caries and in healthy enamel
and dentin surfaces. Five human teeth with at least one surface
of each target tissue were used. The incorporation and elimination times were determined using fluorescence spectroscopy
for temporal monitoring. The porphyrin (Photogem®) was used
dilueted in NaCl 0,9% at 5 mg/ml and the fluorescence measurements were taken at 3, 10, 30, 60, 180, 360, 720, 2160,
3600, 5040, 6480, 7920 minutes after sensitization. The fluorescence was induced by a laser at 532 nm. The healthy surfaces
did not show significant amount of porphyrin incorporated. The
temporal dynamics was followed by two emissions bands at
624 and 685 nm; the intensity decrease of these bands was used
to determine the elimination time. As an average, after 4.5 minutes there was an elimination of 70% of the incorporated porphyrin by caries lesion. The fluorescence spectroscopy showed
that caries absorbs porphyrin in solution on the contrary of
healthy enamel and dentin surfaces. This is connected study
with the development of PBT in caries in our laboratory.
PP092
Effects of Low Level Laser Therapy and calcitonin bone
healing of rats
CIBELLE BARBOSA LOPES; SIMONE B. NASCIMENTO;
CLAÚDIA A. CARDOSO; EMÍLIA A. L. ARISAWA
When the rising growth curve of the elderly population in our
country is considered, we realize the importance of paying
special attention to osteoporosis a silent pathology, which is characterized by great bone loss. Throughout the years, new methods
and techniques have been developed to optimize bone regeneration. Some pharmacons are indicated as an aid in the bone repair
process such as the calcitonin, which inhibits the bone resorption
process. Recent studies point out the use of the low-level laser
therapy to accelerate the repair process in cases of bone regeneration. In this study, we densitometrically analyzed the isolated actions and possible interaction between the calcitonin and the
low-level GaAlAs laser – 830nm, in the bone repair of femurs of
castrated male rats. A bone defect was created in 60 animals that
were divided into 4 groups: C – control, CA – calcitonin, La –
Laser, and CA+La – calcitonin associated to laser therapy. Immediately after the surgery, calcitonin in the dosage of 2 UI/kg i. m
was administered to the CA and CA+La groups and in the animals of the LA and CA+La groups, the GaAlAs laser, 830nm, at
the dose of 20 J/cm2 for 6 s was used, both in alternated days
until the sacrifice. The periods of observation were 7, 14 and 21
days. The femoral region was removed, x-rayed and sent to densitometric analysis. The statistical analysis of the densitometric
values obtained allowed us to demonstrate that in 7 days the animals treated with laser presented better bone repair in relation to
the other groups, while in the periods of 14 and 21 days, the
group CA+La obtained bigger bone repair than the other groups.
We concluded that, in male castrated animals the isolated calcitonin did not present significant densitometric gain. At 7 days, the
La group presented bigger bone gain, while at 14 and 21 days the
association CA+La presented significant densitometric values.
These results suggest that the association of the inhibitory action
of the calcitonin with the stimulation of the laser therapy determined the acceleration in the bone repair process of the castrated
animals, thus indicating it to be a viable option in the treatment of
bone lesions of patients with osteoporosis.
PP093
Tissue stimulation with LED. histological study
HERMES PRETEL; LIZARELLI, R.Z.F; BAGNATO, V.;
RAMALHO, L.T.O.
The repairing events occur in a integrated form, and the surgical methods of the wound treatment are still controversial.
137
13904ABS.PGS
2/14/05
1:54 PM
Page 138
2004 ABSTRACTS WALT
There are evidences that the light action promotes bioestimulation, this fact could justify the effectiveness of lasertherapy.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the action of
“Light Emitting Diode”-LED on the connective tissue evaluating the time and the quality of the new development tissue. It
was used 18 mice (Mus musculus), divided in 2 groups, control
and irradiated. All animals had a wound made with punch of
biopsy of 5.0 mm in diameter on the dorsal region. The lesion
of the experimental group was irradiated with red LED (wavelength 635±10 nm, potency of emission 130mW, density of energy 6,7J/cm2), and the lesion in the control group was only
observed. The comparative analysis of the biological events
after the periods of 3, 7 and 14 days, showed development epithelial tissue starting from the 3rd day. The LED experimental
group had earlier formation of granulation tissue with intense
angiogenesis and fibroblast wound healing. The 7 days and 14
day experimental group showed progressive fibrilogenesis in a
guided way, fact not occurrence in the control group. We concluded that LED accelerated the tissue repair occurring the phenomenon of the resolution, with tissue return to structure and
normal function, return to the normal circulation, increase of
the vascular permeability and finally, reorganization of every
tissue damage.
PP094
Excision of vascular lesion in lips with Nd:YAG Laser
CARLOS ALBERTO MARTINS; ROGÉRIO MIRANDA
PAGNONCELLI; PAULO EDUARDO KREISNER; VINICIUS
NERY VIEGAS; LÊONILSON GAIÃO DE MELO; DIEGO
SEGATTO BLAYA
Hemangiomas are benign neoplasias of blood vessels. In the
oral cavity they occur with larger prevalence in tongue, lips and
jugal mucous. The surgical lasers are an excellent therapeutic
alternative for this kind of vascular malformation. The cutting
and photocoagulatives properties of these lasers permit surgical excision procedures without bleeding risks, providing great
cicatricial and postoperative aspects. The aim of this work is
make a review of literature about the use of surgical lasers
in the hemangiomas treatment and report a case, in which
Nd:YAG laser was used to surgical excision of a hemangioma
in lower lip.
PP095
Bacterial reduction before immediate implant
AÉCIO MASSAYOSHI YAMADA JÚNIOR; LUÍS CLÁUDIO
SUZUKI; RICARDO RADA AHMED HAYEK; MARTHA
SIMÕES RIBEIRO
Recent studies have demonstrated that a number of oral bacteria can be killed by photodynamic therapy with low concentrations of dyes. Photodynamic therapy is the combination of light
with appropriate wavelength and a photosensitizer. The antimicrobial activity is mainly mediated by singlet oxygen and/or
free radicals generated by the photoactivated sensitizer. A patient presenting infected residual root signed an informed consent term. A flap surgery aiming an immediate implant was made
in a residual root with periodontal lesion on upper first premolar. After the extraction, a microbiological sample with sterile
paper points was harvested. Then, the photosensitizer was applied in the infected alveolus and irradiated with low-intensity
laser, = 660 nm, P= 30 mW and E= 9 J. After the photody-
namic therapy, a new microbiological sample was harvested.
Subsequently, it was prepared the implant bed with conical
burs and then the implant was placed. Patient was medicated
with antibiotic after surgery. The microbiological analysis showed
a significant reduction of Prevotella sp., Fusobacterium sp. and
Streptococcus beta-hemolyticus. This finding suggests that photodynamic therapy is an alternative method to disinfect alveolus before implant placement. Therefore, this study highlights
the need for future work in the area of photodynamic therapy to
reduce bacteria without harming host tissue.
PP096
Evaluation of the deepness of the Low Power Laser effects in
the bone restoration with an fluence of 40 J/cm2 and 200 J/cm2
MARCOS ANTONIO PEREIRA BRITO; LUIS FERREIRA
MONTEIRO NETO; EGBERTO MUNIN; JANINE CUZOLIN
E SILVA; EVANDRO BERLATO; THIAGO FRAMESCHI
MONTORO
Tissue healing is a complex process that involves local and systemic responses. The use of Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT)
for wound healing has been shown to be effective in modulating both local and systemic response. Usually the healing process of bone is slower than that of soft tissues. Among the
various methods of application techniques in low level laser
therapy, The traumatic byor surgical long bone lesion is followed regeneration processes by osteogenic cells for proliferation and differentiation in osteoblastic cells. In this study the
performance of GaAIAs laser in the bone biostimulation after
an experimental osteomy, carried out in the Laboratory of the
Lins Salesiano Colleges. Male Albinus Wistar rats were used
with a body weight of 300g, about three month years old. The
lesions were made by a drill with a diameter of 0,7mm in just
of the tibial cortices sutured after this procedure. The laser
aplications started twenty four hours after the surgeries. The
animals were separated in three groups, submetted to different
doses of irradiation. The group A was selected as the control
one, the group B received irradiation with fluency of 40J/cm2
and 100 mW and the group C was irradiated with a fluency of
200 J/cm2 with irradiation of 100mW. The animals were sacrificed on the eighth day after the lesion. An analysis made
through the computer spectrophotometry showed that both irradiated groups presented better answers than the control
group and the doses of the 200 J/cm2 groups were more beneficial than the with 40 J/cm2 of fluency. Key words: laser, osteotomy, regeneration spectrophotometry.
PP097
The effects of Low Laser Power on tissue reparation
DANIELA APARECIDA SUSSAI; MARCOS TADEU TAVARES
PACHECO; EVANDRO EMANOEL SAURO; FLAVIO PILOTO
CIRILLO; ANA CLAUDIA DE SOUZA COSTA; CRISTIANO
MANOEL
Proper and timely wound healing is a vexing problem, faced by
all clinicians managing postoperative patients. In majority of
patients, normal healing establishes tissue integrity quickly
and effectively. The possible biostimulatory effect of laser is of
recent interest and small sub destructive repetitive doses of are
claimed to be useful in healing of trophic ulcers and indolent
wounds. This study has been conducts to investigate the effect
of low energy laser radiation on healing of clean wounds. The
138
13904ABS.PGS
2/14/05
1:55 PM
Page 139
2004 ABSTRACTS WALT
open skin lesion is a disease that if it isn’t treated, it may lead
to serious complications like amputation, infection and even may
cause death. The ulcer has its cause in the hemodynamic disequilibrium of the peripheral and venous circulation occurring
this way, tissue skin, mean coats and deep conjunctive tissue
lesions. There are four types of ulcer: leg ulcer, diabetic ulcer,
venous ulcer and arterial ulcer. They may be treated with a low
intensity laser. The laser radiation provided several advances
because it’s a technological innovation, e it’s used a lot in the
tissue reparation and aceleration of peripheral circulation. The
research was carried out in the Dom Bosco Physio Rehabilitation Center aiming to develop the improvement of low intensity laser application in ulcers. Nine female and male of same
age and race were treated in different clinical charts. The set
we used was the diodo laser, having the red laser emitter issuing agent the wave length of 680nm, maximum potency of
35mW and also the infra red emitter having the wave length of
830nm with a maximum potency of 300mW. The laser is a new
resource used in the tissue reparation process which has showed
to be effective and to confirm that the experiment was carried
out using a tape measure to measure the lesion, we also used a
camera in a pre-established room with properly illumination,
gentling this way a good capture of photographic images, favoring a better visuabilization.
PP098
Effect of Low Level Laser of 830 nm on traumatic nervous
lesions
ALLISON GUSTAVO BRAZ; MARCOS TADEU TAVARES
PACHECO; EVANDRO EMANOL SAURO; FLAVIO PILOTO
CIRILLO; ANA CLAUDIA DE SOUZA COSTA; MARCOS ANTONIO PEREIRA BRITO
Tissue healing is a complex process that involves local and
systemic responses. The process of wound healing involves
several types of cells; enzymes; growth factors and other substances. The use of Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) for
wound healing has been shown to be effective in modulation
both local and systemic response. In soft tissues it has been
shown that, depending on the wavelength, dose, and local
condition, Low Level Laser Therapy has anti-inflammatory
effect, reduces pain; quickens cell proliferation and consequently promotes the healing process. The effects of Low
Level Laser Therapy on neuronal repair are still controversial
as previous reports reveal conflicting results. It is possible
that Low Level Laser Therapy effect on neuronal repair reparation depends not only on the total dose of irradiation, but
also on the irradiaton time and the irradiation mode (Continuous or Pulsed). Most importantly, a recent study has suggested that the threshold energy density and intensity are
biologically independent from each other. Traumatic nervous
lesions are lateness clinical evolution pathologies and may
present after-effects from a neuronal repair. The aim of this
study was to verify the dose responses proposed to the treatment for a partial traumatic nervous lesion, by using a 830nm
laser radiation, triplet area and its main adjacent branches of
the attacked face, on the nervous course, by punctual contact.
The utilized fluency was one of 120 J/ cm2 and irradiating of
120 mW and a 830nm- of wavelength. After the patients evaluation, we realized that the low power laser presented significant results on the treated area, proving a favorable response
to the treatment and the dose proposed. Key words: laserulcer- reparation.
PP099
Effects of Low intensity Laser on healing of burns after treatment with 685 nm and 830 nm
LUÍS FERREIRA MONTEIRO NETO; MARCOS TADEU
TAVARES PACHECO; EVANDRO EMANOL SAURO; JANINE
CUZZOLIN E SILVA; RICARDO HORITA; MARCOS ANTONIO PEREIRA BRITO
The use of low intensity laser and monochromatic light diodes as
a therapeutic modality has become popular in a variety of clinical
applications, including the promotion of wound repain. The main
goal of this study is to describe in a comparative way, the possible
effects of the GaAIAs and InGaAl low power Laser irradiation in
the process of tissue cicatrization, showing through quantitative
studies if there is increase of the collagen in the analysed samples. Through this analysis, we intend to demonstrate which technique is more effective, comparing statistically the obtained
results. This, we decided to carry out this experimental study, because it’s known that the aggressions in a tissue caused by termal
injuries go from the superficial to the deepest layers of the skin.
In the present study, we used six groups of wistar rats, 4 experimental groups, a control group and a placebo one, which suffered
termal lesions injuries followed by a 830nm and 685nm Laser irradiation. Every wave length received a 4 J/cm2 and 40 J/cm2
density of energy. For all the groups, the power density was
35mW. The placebo group was just to be simulated the Laser irradiation and the control group didn’t receive irradiation. The samples were stained in hematoxilin, eosin and tricotomic of masson
and quantified the representative structures of the collagen. It was
observed that all the irradiated groups (685–4, 685–40, 830–4
and 830–40) presented the largest amount of collagen, compared
to the control and placebo groups. The best answers were obtained with the 685nm groups in both densities of energy and in
the 830nm with 40 J/cm2. Key Words: Low power Laser, Wound
cicatrisation, Burn, Collagen.
PP100
The Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) in the prevention and
repair of the muscle injury induced by bothrops jararaca poison injected in rats
RADUAN HAGE; DUARTE, J.; SILVA, C. M.O. M.; LOPES,
C. B.; COGO, J. C.
Low level lasers model several processes in different biological systems, and theirs therapeutic actions is very complex in
the tissue repairing, by the induction of systemic and local effects. The aim of actual study was to analyze the efficiency of
He-Ne laser (632,8 nm) in prevention and repair of the anterior
tibialis muscle of rats, after inducted lesion by the present miotoxin in the Botrops jararaca’s poison. Eighteen rats (Wistar)
were divided in 3 equal groups, GC, G1 and G2, two which was
administrated 15mg IM injection of the total poison of snack
dissolved in 0,1 ml of physiological solution 0,9% in the tibialis anterior muscle left. The animals of the group G1 and G2
were irradiated with continuous emission, 4 J/cm2 (P= 10mW)
dose was used. The animals of the control group (GC) were not
irradiated. After 24 hours and 7 days of laser irradiation, 3 animals of each group were sacrificed and the TA left muscle was
take out and sent to the histological processes of routine. The
139
13904ABS.PGS
2/14/05
1:55 PM
Page 140
2004 ABSTRACTS WALT
results showed that there were not clear difference between repair process of control group and the others, however, it was
possible to observe a smaller fibrosis area in the muscle TA in
the group 2 irradiated after 24 hours the muscle injury, showing
that in this group the laser irradiation induced to remove of the
cells debris and the tissue rearrange occurred earlier comparing
with other two groups, promoting the regenerative process.
PP101
Bone Biostimulation with Low Power Laser using high fluency: inhibition or stimulation?
RODRIGO ANTÔNIO CARVALHO ANDRAUS; LUIS FERREIRA MONTEIRO NETO; MARCOS ANTONIO PEREIRA
BRITO; FLAVIO PILOTO CIRILLO; JOILDA PAULA VENDRAMINI; FABIO COCHIARALI CARDOSO
Low energy laser irradiation has recently been found to modulate various processes in different biological systems. The effect of low energy laser irradiation on regeneration processes
other than in bone following trauma has been investigated so
far in the skin, in the central and peripheral nervous systems, and
in skeletal muscles. The bone regeneration is a complex regenerative process which corresponds to a repetition of developing
events. These events include the action of different kinds of cells,
proteins and an active genetic expression that restores the natural integrity of the bones. In the present study we evaluated
LBP in the bone regeneration. The experiment was carried out
in the Lins Salesiano Colleges Lab we used thirty male Albinus
Wistar three month years old rats weighing in average 30 grams.
The animals had the right tibia of the back paw injuried through
the osteotomy process. The injuried tibias were irradiated with
LBP with doses of 4 J/ cm2 and 200 J/cm2. They received irradiation for seven consecutive days being sacrificed twenty four
hours after the last irradiation. We used the GaAsAL emitter with
a wave length of 830 nm, irradiation of 100 mW in the continuous manner. The rats were divided in three groups containing
ten rats each one. The group A corresponds to the control group
the group B corresponds to the group irradiated with 4 J/cm2
and the group C irradiated with 200 J/cm2. The evaluation of
the laminar material was carried out through the digitization
of the images and computer analysis by a specific program of
processing and analyzing the images. The results indicated that
the LBP presents betters results in the quality of neo formed
bone tissue in the fluency of 200 J/cm2 compared to the control
group, having shorts time of bone regeneration. Key words:
laser- irradiation- regeneration.
PP102
Photodynamic therapy applied in the epidermoid carcinoma
treatment: two experimental cases
RADUAN HAGE; DUARTE J.; ZÅNGARO R. A.; LOPES,
C. B.; PACHECO M. T. T.
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been widely investigated in
recent decades and is emerging as a promising therapy for a
wide variety of malignant tumors. A main objective for cancer
treatment is the selective destruction of malignant cells with no
damage to normal tissues and functions. PDT is based on photoactivation by a given wavelength of a sensitizer relatively retained by cancer cells, which produces highly reactive oxygen
species that can destroy tumor cells with minimum side effects.
Endogenous sensitizer as 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) induced protoporphyrin IX and exogenous sensitizer as aluminum
phthalocyanine have been demonstrated satisfactory results in
different kinds of common tumors in dogs and epidermoid carcinoma in cats, respectively. Two animals, a dog presenting a
sizeable mass (2cm of diameter) in the left inferior eyelid
conjunctive and a cat with deep ulcers in the nasal area and in
the ears underwent PDT. Samples of both animals were collected to histopathological analysis confirming the previous diagnosis of epidermoid carcinoma. The cat received aluminum
phthalocyanine (2mg/kg EV—Aldrich Chemical Company,
Milwaukee, USA) and the dog received 5-ALA (20mg/kg
EV—Aldrich Chemical Company, Milwaukee, USA). Both animals were anaesthetized and the lesions were irradiated with
685nm AsGaAl laser (Theralase®) setting in 30mW of power
and 80 and 100J/cm2 of fluency, respectively. Seven days after
PDT, pictures were taken of animals and in both of the cases
there was about 50% of tumoral reduction. After twenty one
days of PDT the tumors completely disappeared. However, to
prevent a recurrence of tumors, a last application of PDT was
done on them by using the same protocol. This therapy presented minimum side effects with only three episodes of vomiting after 5-ALA administration. This study shows that PDT
can be very useful and efficient in the treatment of epidermoid
carcinoma without severe side effects as the conventional neoplasia therapies.
PP103
Vital teeth bleaching with Diode Laser at 1,2W
DANIEL ALEXANDRE MENEZES PEDROSA MALTA;
QUEIROZ, R. S.; ANDRADE, M. F.; FONTANA, C. R
There are several techniques of vital teeth bleaching. The technique with hydrogen peroxide and diode laser at high power is
related through a clinical case. The diode laser (Opto – FTC
1200, Brazil) at 1,2W of power was used to catalyze the chemical reaction of the 35% hydrogen peroxide (FGM—Whiteness
HP, Brazil). They were made three applications of the whitening gel in the same session. It was accomplished an application
of neutral fluor and a diode laser in low power to reduce the
post bleaching sensibility. The fluor was left on the teeth for
five minutes and the diode laser in the wavelength of 780nm
(MM Optics Twin Laser, Brazil) was applied with a 15mW of
power for 10 seconds. Just one session was necessary for the
success of the treatment. The superior and inferior central incisors changed from A2 to A1, the superior canine tooth from
A3,5 to A1 and the inferior canine tooth from A3,5 to A1, in
agreement with the scale Vita. One week after the bleaching, a
small regression was verified in the color of the canine teeth.
The patient related a high post bleaching sensibility in the first
twelve hours. The diode laser at 1,2W demonstrated to be an
effective tool in the vital bleaching teeth.
PP104
The Antialgetic Effect of the Low Intensity Laser in the internal disorders of the temporomandibular joint
RENATA CAMPI DE ANDRADE PIZZO; MARCELO OLIVEIRA
MAZZETTO; ROZANE DE FATIMA ZANIRATO LIZARELLI
The aim of this study was to investigate in vivo the antialgetic
effect of GaAlAs laser (830 nm, 40 mW output energy) in indi-
140
13904ABS.PGS
2/14/05
1:55 PM
Page 141
2004 ABSTRACTS WALT
viduals who presented signs of TMJs internal disorders with
complaints of painful symptomatology, classified as acute (up
to 6 months) and chronic (above 6 months). The energy of application was altered in order to establish a protocol based on
the improvement of the amplitude of mandibular movements
(mouth opening, protrusion, and right and left maximum lateral
excursions) and of TMJ palpation (condyle lateral polo, preauricular region and external acoustic meatus), using the VAS
scale. Sixty patients were selected and assigned to 6 groups: GI
(acute 5J/cm2), GII (acute 25J/cm2), GIII (acute 0J/cm2), GIV
(chronic 5J/cm2), GV (chronic 25J/cm2) and GVI (chronic
0J/cm2), being GIII and GVI considered as placebos groups.
The applications were accomplished in a punctual way and
continuous mode at the affected TMJ region, in four points: superior (PS), anterior (PA), posterior (PP), posterior and inferior
(PPI), considering the condyle lateral polo, twice a week during four weeks. Four evaluations were performed: A1 (before
laser application), A2 (right after the last application), A3 (a
week after the last application) and A4 (30 days after the last
application). ANOVA and Tukey statistical tests identified significant differences at 1% significance level among the groups
(laser intensity) and among the evaluations, for all variables
assessed. It may be concluded, from the results of this study,
that laser application is a supportive therapy efficient in the
treatment of TMDs, since it yielded the decrease of painful
symptomatology and the increase of the average amplitude of
all mandibular movements, for all experimental groups. Nevertheless, same results were not observed for the placebos groups,
which did not receive an effective treatment.
PP105
In vivo study of fluoride uptake by intact enamel after lowintensity red laser in vivo study of fluoride uptake by intact
enamel after low-intensity red Laser Therapy and topical application of acidulated phosphate fluoride
REGINA KEIKO NAKASONE; CELIA RODRIGUES MARTINS DELGADO RODRIGUES; MARILIA AFONSO RABELO BUZALAF; KELLY POLIDO KANESHIRO OLYMPIO;
EDGARD Y. TANJI; MARTHA SIMÓES RIBEIRO
Fluoride has been the most important preventive method on
development of the caries. The purpose of this in vivo study
was to investigate if the low-intensity laser therapy can increase the fluoride uptake in intact enamel. Ten healthy participants were recruited for this study. The two maxillary central
incisors of each volunteer to be biopsied were used and divided into 4 groups: group GC (control), which was untreated;
group GF (fluoride), which received topical acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) 1,23% treatment for 4 minutes; group
GLF (laser + fluoride), which was irradiated with a low-intensity diode laser (?= 660 nm and dose= 6 J/cm2) with APF application after irradiation and group GFL (fluoride + laser),
which received APF before irradiation using the same parameters as GLF. The determination of fluoride was performed
using a fluoride ion electrode after an acid-etch enamel biopsy. The results show a significant increase of the fluoride
uptake in enamel for groups GF, GLF and GFL when compared to control group. Although a percentage increase of
57% was observed for GLF with respect to GF, there were no
statistical differences among treated groups. These results
suggest that the use of the low-intensity red laser radiation before APF gel topically applied may even be advantageous in
caries prevention.
PP106
Efficacy of level Laser Therapy in liver in rats wistar, injected
by crotalus durissus durissus venom
DOROTY M. DOURADO; ANA PAULA MACHADO; HELLEN
REZENDE; PAULO T. C. DE CARVALHO; JESSYKA MONTEIRO; GILBERTO FACCO
Background and objectives: The low energy irradiation has
been used to modulate many processes in different biological
systems. The biological effect related to emitted light wavelength has been showed in many experimental studies with the
tissue regeneration purpose. The effects of the Gallium-Arsenite
(Ga-As) laser irradiation on rats liver injected (i.m.) with Crotalus durissus durissus snake venom were investigated. Study
Design/Material and Methods: Macroscopical, histophatological and necrosis quantification through serum alanine aminotrasferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotrasferse (AST) evaluation
was done at 3 days (1 irradiation sessions, 4 J/cm2, 1 min 32
s/per period, respectively), were done after the venom or saline
injection, and in venom-unirradiated rats. Results: The injected
group with Crotalus durissus durissus snake venom showed
hepatic parenchymal with normal aspect, some hepatocytes with
“nuclear crystallization” and hyperemic blood vessels and in
the injected group and treated with As-Ga laser it was observed
that in some animals there was a loss in the hepatic tissue architecture which were with intracytoplasmatic holes, chronic
focal inflammation and hyperemic blood vessels. Conclusions:
The treated group with As-Ga laser showed more alterations
than the injected group with snake venom in the liver. Passwords: liver, Gallium-Arsenite (Ga-As) laser, snake venom,
ALT/AST. Suported:UNIDERP/FMB
PP107
Aminotransferases analysis to investigate the effect of gallium-arsenide (Ga-As) Laser irradiation in liver of wistar
mice, injected by crotalus durissus sp venom
DOROTY M. DOURADO; ROSEMARY MATIAS; JESSYKA
MONTEIRO; LUANNA FRANCESKA; MARIA INÊS A.
JARDIM; REGINA A. G. M. RIOS
Study Design/Material and Methods: The diagnostics utility to
the plasmatic enzymes measures is showed due to its activities
alterations give sensible indicators of cellular lesion or growth.
In this work it was studied the aminotransferase behavior (AST,
ALT) to investigate the effect of the Gallium-Arsenite (Ga-As)
laser irradiation in Wistar rats liver, injected by Crotalus durissus durissus venom. Fifteen Wistar male mice were used (200
to 300 gr), divided in three groups: G1 (sterile saline); G2 (rough
poison solution) and G3 (poison at 40µg/mL and laser AsGa),
and sacrificed in periods of 3 days. The blood was collected
and the aminotransferases results (AST, ALT) were submitted
to statistics treatment (Turkey test) to a significance level of
5% (p < 0,05). Results: In this experiment the statistics analysis showed that the measures among the groups were equal so
there wasn’t enzyme growth after three days of treatment. Conclusions: Under the used conditions in this investigation it was
noticed that it was not possible to detect more hepatic cell
141
13904ABS.PGS
2/14/05
1:55 PM
Page 142
2004 ABSTRACTS WALT
lesions in all experimental groups after three days of treatment,
so these analysis didn’t contribute to the diagnosis of the hepatic cells and the effect from laser Gallium-Arsenite (Ga-As).
Supported: UNIDERP
PP108
Gastrocnemic muscle angiogenesis relation with the irradiated Laser Ga-As and with bothropic venom injected
DOROTY M. DOURADO; KÁTIA REGINA DE PAULA; PAULO
TARSO C. DE CARVALHO; GILBERTO FACCO; MANUEL V.
DA SILVA; MARIA INES A. JARDIM
Background and objectives Study: New blood vessels are formed
when the endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells – that form
the internal and external revetment in vessels – they grow in
response to factors or specific signals. This process, known as
angiogenesis, is necessary in many physiological conditions in
tissues. This work purpose to quantify the number of vessels in
the gastrocnemic muscle injected with bothropic venom and treat
with laser Ga-As. Study Design/Material and Methods: For
this study male adult Wistar mice were used that were divided
in three groups: G1 injected with NaCl; G2 injected with bothropic venom; G3 injected with bothropic venom and irradiated
with Ga-As laser. The collected materials were proceeding at
3-hour and 24-hour periods after the treatments. The measures
were statistically compared using the Turkey Test for the different averages comparison with a significance level of 5% (p
< 0,05). Results: The found results showed that for the measure
done after three hours the number of vessels found in inoculated samples with NaCl compared to the ones injected with
venom and not treated there was difference, with the greater
quantity of vessels to the NaCl sample for this same period, the
comparison among the inoculated samples with venom and
treated with laser showed differences with greater quantity of
vessels for the ones treated with laser. For the 24-hour period
there was only difference among the number of vessels for the
NaCl treatment with venom and greater number for the NaCl
treatment. Conclusions: It was concluded that in the 3-hour
group injected with venom and treated with laser showed
greater number of vessels by field than the other two groups.
Supported: CNPq, UNIDERP
PP109
Study clinical using the Laser of low intensidade AsGaAl 830
nm in dentinary hypersensibility
MARIA HELENA CHAVES DE VASCONCELOS CATÃO;
ANTONIO LUIS BARBOSA PINHEIRO; JOÃO LINO COSTA;
MARLENY E.M GERBI; MARIA APARECIDA MARQUES
The objective of this clinical study went evaluate to evolution
pain in the dentinary hypersensibility with cervical exhibition
of vestibular face promoting desconfort to the patient.The authors told its referring discoveries the percentage of the patients’ cure with exhibition of lesion cervical of vestibular face,
whose sensibility dentinary resulted in desconfort to the brush
and when ingesting cold or citric food. The study was made
with 30 patient in the age group of 20 to 50 years, that were assisted in the clinic with main complaint of “sensibility dentinary.” After the clinical exam, the patients were guided to
answer “yes” in case of pain and “no” in case of not presenting
any sensibility in the area in rapid sharp acute pain of the dental element. The analysis was made, applying for two seconds
an air jet produced by the syringe triple in the area, the pain
level before and after the applications, resulting in a rapid
sharp acute painI. After the prophylaxis the teeth were dry with
cotton balls and soon after, applied the light laser AsGaAl
(830nm) in four points (three cervical-mesiais: mesial,
medium and distal and an apical) twice in each tooth, in intervals of 72 hours. Was the used laser AsGaAl (830nm) in the
continuous way with dose of 5 J/cm2, 40mW. The results show
that the laserterapy treatment in the hypersensibility is painless, efficient and of easy application. And it ends him that the
laser of low intensity when applied with specific methodology
and a good clinic exam it promotes the patient analgesic comfort without need of cavity preparation in this area. This result
shows that the low density power laser can be used like an efficient therapeutics hypersensitivy dentinary.
PP110
Effect of Low Level Laser Therapy and photosensitizer drugs
in the healing process
JANINE CUZZOLIN E SILVA; ANTONIO CLÁUDIO
TEDESCO; ZULMIRA GUERRERO MARQUES LACAVA;
SELMA KUCKELHAUS; LUIS FERRERIA MONTEIRO
NETO; EVANDRO EMANOEL SAURO
An enormous variety of therapies has been surging as a consequence of the advances in the fields of technological applications. It’s known that Low Level Laser Therapy contributes to
tissue healing. The potential application of PDT in healing and
scar formation has not been well explored. The study was experimental, with a qualitative approach and evaluated through
histological analysis the effects of isolated Low Level Laser
InGaAIP (685nm; 35mW) and associated with a Photosensitizer Drug (PD) derivated from Phthalocyanine in the process
of healing of standardized cutaneous wounds in rats. Forty animals were divided in four groups: Control Group (untreated);
PD Group; Laser Group; Laser Group + PD. The protocol of
treatment in the experimental groups was performed daily over
a period of seven days. The animals were killed on the eighth
day after surgery. Tissue specimens within the wound area of
each animal were removed and prepared for histological analysis following conventional techniques. The blades were stained
with H&E and Masson’s Trichrome (for collagen evaluation)
and submitted for analysis through light optical microscopy. It
was observed that the animals of experimental groups (Laser;
PD; Laser + PD) presented a higher collagen content compared
to Control Group and a higher amount of reepithelialization.
Connective tissue remodeling was more evident in the Laser +
PD Group. PDT did not cause any healing inhibition or tissue
damage during the healing process. Keywords: Low Level
Laser Therapy; Photodynamic Therapy; Photosensitizer; Healing Process.
PP111
Low energy AsGaAl Laser (830nm) for the prevention of
chemo-induced mucositis in oral cavity cancer patients
MARIA HELENA CHAVES DE VASCONCELOS CATÃO; ANTONIO LUIS BARBOSA PINHEIRO; JOÁO LINO COSTA;
MARLENY E.M GERBI; MARIA APARECIDA MARQUES
Buccal toxicity of chemotherapy in patients with oral cancer
can cause patients to become discouraged altering their quality
of life. The purpose of study was to investigate the effects of
142
13904ABS.PGS
2/14/05
1:55 PM
Page 143
2004 ABSTRACTS WALT
low intensity laser AsGaAl(830nm), 2 J/cm2 applied for each
point, rank received chemotherapy in the prevention to minimize the severity of oral mucositis in pacients with oral cavity
cancer. The study was clinical test consisting of 12 patients, 10
men and 2 women, the age 41 to 75 years old. Laser illumination AsGaAl(830nm); 40mW;1,06s per point; 0,3mm spot size.
The malignant tumor had to be located outside the areas selected for randomized preventive LLLT application. The criteria used for evaluation Mucositis severity was scored by an
oral mucositis scale based on clinical features and by an oral toxicity scale World Health Organization (WHO). Based on the
functional scale, 6 patients presented mucositis grade I (50,0%),
4 shower grade II (33,3%), 2 grade III(16,7) and none patients
desenvolved mucositis grau IV.The efficacy of low-laser was
well tolerated and showed beneficial effects on the management of oral mucositis on the quality of life of patients receiving oral cancer chemotherapy.
PP112
Low energy GaAlAs in the prevention of chemotherapy and
radiotherapy induced mucositis in oral cavity cancer patients
MARIA HELENA CHAVES DE VASCONCELOS CATÃO; ANTONIO LUIS BARBOSA PINHEIRO; JOÃO LINO COSTA;
MARLENY E.M GERBI; MARIA APARECIDA MARQUES
Oral mucositis is one of the complications in the treatment oncology radiotherapy and chemotherapy associated, which can
substantially change the patient’s quality of life. The trial was
open to patients with carcinoma oral cavity being treated by
external radiotherapy. There were 23 men and 7 women, age
41–88 years old. Were assigned to either laser treatment (L+)
or sham-treatment (L-) by blocked randomization. The protocol called for inclusion 30 patients received GaAlAs (830nm), 2
J/cm2 for each point, before in the radiotherapy daily, each
week during seven weeks. The average energy density delivered to the treatment areas was 2 J/cm2 applied for each point,
rank received radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Laser illumination consisted of a wavelength: 830nm; 40mW, laser application until cessation of symptoms mucositis. The criteria used
for evaluation were the standard WHO staging for mucositis.
All L+ developed mucositis at week 2 (2 patients grade III mucositis, 7 with grade II, 6 with grade I). All L- patients mucositis developed at week 2 (3 with grade III, 7 with grade II, 5
with grade I). In conclusion, low level AsGaAl laser seems to
be a safe efficient method for the prevention of radiation–induced stomatitis and chemo-induced mucositis, with a combined modality treatment.
PP113
Study of the proliferation of endothelium cells in response to
stimulation to the Laser AsGa in vitro
CRISTINA PACHECO SOARES; ROBERTA ELLER BORGES,
RITCHELLI RICCI, NEWTON SOARES DA SILVA; CRISTINA
PACHECO SOARES
The use of the low power laser therapy (LPL), of the cardiac
endothelium cells in the biostimulation, can be whither changed
into one more resource in cardiac surgery for recovery schemic
areas of the heart. The analyze of the effects of LPL results is
very important to future study and could make possible less invasive surgery, in a group of cardiac patients that comes increasing the world. We believe one possible secundary effect
simultaneously to the photodestructive reactions of the surgical
CO2 laser, that cause biomodulation effect, promoting cells
proliferation and vascularization of the adjacent area. With
work, we analyze of the effect of LPL in endothelium cells proliferation, through of the cells cultures in function the use laser
Ar-Ga, with fluency of 2–4 J/ cm2 and power of 30 mW. We
observe increase of the cells proliferation through laser. Our
results can be contribute, but and new studies necessary on the
photobiochemical effect of the LPL. Through complementary
works, will be possible to infer if the residual of laser effect, is
capable to biostimulation in region treated, for recovery of the
myocardium area schemic.
PP114
LLLT in repairing of excision femur’s head and neck: histological study
CRISTINA PACHECO SOARES; PATRICIA DE MARTINI
FERREIRA, KARINA CARVALHO DE OLIVEIRA, MIGUEL
ÅNGELO CASTILHO SALGADO, CRISTINA PACHECO
SOARES
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the
low level laser irradiation in surgical lesion from the femoral
head and neck extraction (FHNE). In veterinary medicine this
surgery is indicated in various pathologies, which involve the
acetabulum and femoral head. For a complete clinical postsurgery recovery, it is observed a period which varies from 30
days to 6 months depending on the pathology involved. Aiming at reducing such period, indicated by a precocious formation of a pseudo fibrous articulation, it was proceeded the
irradiation with Diode laser, 650 nm, with a potency of 30 mW,
trans-surgically, and the same type of laser, but with 780 nm
and the potency of 40 mW, in post-surgery applications, on the
skin. For the experiment 10 clinically normal New Zealander
rabbits have been used, which have been submitted to the surgery and then divided into two groups, one submitted to irradiation and the other kept for control. Fifteen days after the surgery,
samples of the newly formed tissue have been collected from
both groups, for macroscopic evaluation of the fibrous pseudoarticulation forming process on the irradiated and control groups.
The macroscopic and microscopic aspect of the samples suggest that the utilization of the low level laser therapy (LLLT) in
the formation of fibrous pseudo-articulation was effective in
accelerating the cicatrization process and in the quality improvement of the formed tissue.
PP115
Lasertherapy effects on CO2 Laser wound healing
MARLENY, MARTÍNEZ GERBI; ESTELA, SOARES; ANTONIO, PINHEIRO; APARECIDA, MARQUES; JEAN, NUNES;
THAIS, GONÇALVES
CO2 laser is mainly indicated for soft tissue surgery. The principal advantages are: accurate cut, hemostasis, dry surgical field,
less edema, less retraction and less scar formation. However,
the thermal damage is a great disadvantage, causing higher inflammation, collagen destruction and enlarging the healing
time. As lasertherapy effects are known and confirmed, the aim
of this study was to evaluate the 665 nm and 830 nm antiphlogistic effects and collagen formation stimulus on scalpel and
on Laser incisions. 1cmX1mm incisions were made in rat back
with double scalpel (specially adapted for this study) and with
143
13904ABS.PGS
2/14/05
1:55 PM
Page 144
2004 ABSTRACTS WALT
CO2 Laser, 5W, superpulsed. Experimental groups were treated
with 665 nm and 830 nm Laser, 20J/cm2 twice, distributed in 4
points around the wound. Sirius red hue showed higher experimental group collagen formation, on both scalpel and Laser
wounds, although Laser wound presented lager inflammation.
Laser-therapy treated wound collagen formation after 3 days
was marked on all groups of this study. Key words: lasertherapy, CO2 Laser, wound healing, Laser surgery.
PP116
Research on the sensivity grade after dental bleaching using
35% hydrogen peroxide associated to phototherapy
ALESSANDRA DE SERVIA MATTOS; MARIA AMÁLIA GONZAGA RIBEIRO; LUCIANA MARIA PEDREIRA RAMALHO;
ANDRÉ DE FREITAS; SAMANTHA CUNHA; GILENA KARLA
BARROSO
The objective of this research was to evaluate the sensivity
grade after dental bleaching using 35% hydrogen peroxide
with hologen light and LED as clinical essay. To perform it, 20
patients were selected from an agreement to some criteria of
inclusion. After they read and signed the term of free and clarified assent, the experimental part has begun, as it follows: prophylaxis, register of the color, mucosa isolation with mucosa
protector, placement of the retractor, protection using gingival
barrier, placement of the 32% acid conditioner for 10 seconds
and placement of the whiteness HP – FGM. To catalyze the
bleaching agent reaction, 02 sources of light were used, being
one to each hemiarcade, upper/ lower right, photopolymerizer
light-METHOD A (Halogen light-Optilight Plus-Gnatus);
upper/lower left arcade, laser- METHOD B (470nm wavelength-moptics-SP). To evaluate the sensivity, a questionnare
was immediately applied after the procedure, 2,4,8,24,48,72
and 1 week procedure. The Student “t” test was applied at
(P>0,005) significance level. A significant difference was observed between methods A the B regarding pain presence
within and after dental bleaching. The authors have concluded
that the sensivity within and after dental bleaching was lesser
or in some cases absent in the patients whom the LED was
used at the different evaluated times.
PP117
Preliminary experience in permanent hair reduction using
the brazilien IPL device dermapulse LP 100 in the FMABC
BIANCA MENELLI CARDOSO TEPASSÉ
INTRODUCTION. The intense pulsed light (IPL) is quite known
to be effective in permanent hair reduction, and its mechanism
of action corresponds to the selective photothermolysis. A number of different IPL devices are available, with different characteristics. OBJECTIVES. To present the preliminar experience
of the lasertherapy out-patient clinic of the Department of Dermatology of the “Faculdade de Medicina do ABC” with the
brazilien IPL device Dermapulse LP100. METHODS. Sixteen
male and female patients have been treated with Dermapulse
LP100. Their skin types varied from Fitspatrick II to VI. They
were submitted to 2 to 5 sessions, with the 640 nm filter, fluency
ranging from 27 to 43 J/cm2, single pulse, and pulse duration of
30 ms. The dark-skinned patients have their skin previously
cooled with an ice pack 3 seconds before each shot, to protect
the epidermis. The body sites treated were groin, axillae and face.
The use of gel is not necessary with this device. RESULTS. It
was observed reduction of the number of hairs, and the patients
are satisfied with the method. The side-effects observed were
mild and transient, and consisted of transient erythema, mild to
moderate pain, transient hyperpigmentation and crust formation. There have not been until now side effects as formation of
bullae, scars, or hypopigmentation, even with the dark-skinned
patients. CONCLUSION. The preliminary results are satisfactory and the device proved to be secure. However, the followup is short to evaluate the long term hair reduction.
PP118
Densitometric analysis of bone repair with calcitonin and/or
Low Level Laser Therapy in rats
FLÁVIO AIMBIRE SOARES DE CARVALHO; TATIANA PINTO
RIBEIRO; SIMONE BUSTAMANTE NASCIMENTO; CLÁUDIA
ALESSANDRA CARDOSO; CIBELLE BARBOSA LOPES;
EMILIA ANGELA LOSCHIAVO ARISAWA
The aim of this work was to study the salmon calcitonin effects
in the bone repair process, with or without application of low
level laser therapy (LLLT), evaluating their osteogenic extend.
Sixty male 60 days old rats were separated in four groups: C –
control, Ca – calcitonin, La – Laser, and Ca + La – calcitonin
associated to laser therapy. A surgical bone defect was performed in the right femur in all animals. The La and the Ca +
La groups was irradiated with GaAlAs (830nm) at the dose of
20 J/cm2 for 6 s in alternated days until the sacrifice. Animals
of Ca and Ca + La groups received synthetic calcitonin of
salmon?, 2UI/Kg, i.m., straight after performing bone defect in
same way. Five animals of each group were sacrificed at 7,14 e
21 days. Femurs were removed, conditioned in formol at 10%
and radiographic pictures were made to realize a densitometrical analysis. Densitometric differences statistically significant
were observed in the period of 7 days comparing the densitometric values of groups C and La. Also in the period of 14 and
21 days the results indicated a statistically significant difference
amongst animals C and Ca + La. These results suggest that the
LLLT accelerate regenerative process of irradiated bone tissue,
with statistically significant results The bioestimulatory effect
of lasertherapy associated whit the anti-reabsortive properties
of calcitonin augmented the densitimetrical values during regeneration process. This fact suggests the applicability of these
therapies as a viable procedure of acceleration of bone repair
process.
PP119
Preliminary experience using a Brazilian ILP device for hair
removal in dark skinned patients at “Faculdade de Medicina
do ABC”
CLAUDIO WULKAN; LÍLIAN ESTEFAN; SIMÃO COHEN;
BIANCA M. C. TEPASSÉ; CARLOS A. MACHADO
It was tested the efficacy and safety of the Brazilian IPL device
Dermapulse LP100 in treating hair removal in dark skin patients (Fitzpatricks’s IV, V, VI) in the department of Laser and
Dermatology in the University of Medicine ABC, Sao Paulo. It
was performed 2 to 4 sessions, in 8 patients. Five of them phototype IV, one V and 2 phototype VI. There were no burns or
major complications in this initial sample. Even though the results proven to be good, there are not enough follow up and patients to draw final conclusions.
144
13904ABS.PGS
2/14/05
1:55 PM
Page 145
2004 ABSTRACTS WALT
PP120
Investigation of the possibility of bacterial transmission
when using the CO2 Laser: study in vitro
MARQUES, A. M.C.; ALMEIDA, D.; MEIRELES, G. C. S.;
VIEIRA, A.L.B; MOREIRA, A. C. A.; PINHEIRO, A. L. B.
This work has the purpose to verify the possibility of bacterial
transmission throught the smoke emitted during surgeries using
laser of high power, in this case, the CO2 laser. For this, fifteen
rats of the wistar specie were used, adults and males. These animals were divided in three groups, where in each group two
animals were the control (whithout infection) and three infected
with Staphylococcus aureus. Four hours after the surgeries (excisional wounds) these animals were inoculated with Staphylococcus aureus suspension (ATCC 6538). After 48 hours, the
infection was evident and subsequently, the CO2 laser irradiation with 4,5; 7 and 10W performed, and the smoke plume resulting from the wounds laser treatment were collected by
suction and sent for collection, SAS super, used by nutrition
professional in selective culture for Staphylococcus aureus and
later analysed to confirm the presence of this microorganism.
The result was negative for the Staphylococcus aureus.
PP121
Security rules for Laser practice
MARQUES, A. M.C; SOARES, E. S.; GONÇALVES, T. O.;
GERBI, M. E. M.; NOYA, M. S.; SANTOS, J. N.; PINHEIRO,
A L. B.
Laser light is being widely successfully used in dental and medical practice, however, security norms must be observed. When
international rules of maximum permissible exposition are
transgressed direct and indirect incidence of Laser light may
cause several damages, especially to the eyes, which is the most
vulnerable region. The inadequate use of the devices also offers accidents risks, toxic substance release, and electric shock,
amongst other problems. It’s important the comprehension of
the physical principles of functioning and how biological tissues damages occurs, as well as the knowledge and adoption of
the security norms that include since the protection of the operator until the correct use of the equipment to reduce or to eliminate accidents and to prevent undesirable effect of the LASER.
Considering the inherent risks to the use of the LASERS equipment, a poster containing safe rules is proposed, illustrating all
the norms of security to be adopted by LASER clinics. One expects with this to contribute for the adequate use of this important resource in the specialized clinics, offering the maximum
of security for patients and professionals.
PP122
Analysis of Intrapulpar Temperature during Irradiation with
Er:YAG in deciduous teeth (in vitro)
RENATA
CRISTIANE
RODRIGUES
MERGULHÃO;
PACHECO, MT; PÉCORA, JD; BRUGNERA JÜNIOR,A;
MAGALHÃES, E
The purpose of this study was to analyse the intrapulpar temperature in human teeth in vitro, during an irradiation with Er:
YAG laser pulsed. The increase of the temperature, can many
times cause dental injury damaging the pulpar vital. The effect
of the temperature in a pulp was studied in deciduous healthy
canines in vitro, during the process of cavity Class V, in vestib-
ular and palatine surfaces with Er: YAG laser pulsed in short
and very short pulse. The energy used was 300mJ per pulse,
frequency 6 Hz, during 12 seconds. The intrapulpar temperature was mensured by the multimeter and a thermocouple during all the irradiation. It was observed that during the period of
irradiation the increase of intrapulpar temperature, was not
higher than 3,5°C, showing that the parameters used were safe
for use on cavities with Er: YAG laser, without damaging the
vital pulp. Keywords : Er:YAG, deciduous teeth, temperature,
thermocouple.
PP123
Clinical case: trauma deciduous teeth x dental bleaching
RENATA CRISTIANE RODRIGUES MERGULHÃO; PADOVANI,
MC; DUARTE,DA
A patient of the masculine sex, four years old, suffered
trauma in the teeth 51 and 61 in May of 2003. In the clinical
examination in May of 2004. It was contacted occurrence of
subdislocation in both. It was carried through X ray, tests of
pulpar sensitivity and comment of chromatic alteration. Radiographic, was observed an alveolar reabsorption significant
in tooth 51 and 61 tooth, the absence of this. However, visually tooth 61, presented a decurrent gray coloration of the
pulpar hiperemia and the pulpar sensitivity test was positive.
The indicated treatment, was the exodontics tooth 51, confection of an apparatus of functional esthetics space. For tooth
61, in function of the color alteration, we indicate the dental
bleaching with Led, in an only session. First, we carry
through the initial taking of color (C3 and C2), after that, we
protect the upper and lower lip and the gengival mucosa, later
we made an absolute isolation. From there, a Prophylaxis was
made, in the sequence a conditioning of the enamel. The
bleaching agent, was of 3:1 (peroxide hydrogen 35%and had
been made three applications), of 1’30 “ each with 50%
power. After the third exposition with Led (470 nm) we appied a dsensitizing, we carry through burnishing and we applied a neutral fluoride. At the end of the procedure, we carry
through the final taking of color (B1). Two x-rays were taking to for controlling in October and November, where alteration of the structure was not observed to radicular and didn’t
occur the return of the blackout, being able to the times to be
indicated the technique of bleaching for deciduous teeth with
vitality to pulpar traumatize.
PP124
Effect of 685 nm Laser irradiation on the cell proliferation of
candida parapsilosis. Study in vitro
MARQUES, A. M.C.; MOREIRA, A C.; SOARES, E.; GERBI,
M. E. M.; NOYA, M. S.; CUNHA, S. S.; PONZI, E. A C; PINHEIRO, A L. B.
The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro, the cell proliferation of Candida parapsilosis after Laser irradiation (AsGaAl,
685nm, 25mW, CW, =0,6nm),through the use of spectrophotometry (600nm) and the optical microscopy. The sample C.
parapsilosis was cultivated in a solid Sabouraud environment
at 28°C. After twenty-four hours, 2 ml of the especimen was
removed and kept into 12 test tubes and divided into four
groups. Experimental groups were treated with Laser and the
following doses applied: GI 6J/cm2, G II 8J/cm2, G III 10J/
cm2 and the control group. The spectrophotometry analysis
145
13904ABS.PGS
2/14/05
1:55 PM
Page 146
2004 ABSTRACTS WALT
after 48 hours showed that at G III (10J/cm2) a lower percentage of optical density. The results obtained after 48 hours
showed: GC – cells were spreaded and presented a large size;
G I – cells were both aggregated and isolated; G II, most cells
were aggregated but also could be found isolated; G III, cells
were much more aggregated. In this present study the Laser
irradiation interfered with the cell multiplication process,
amd that the dose of 10J/cm2 promoted higher asggregation of
cells and a lower percentage of optical density of Candida
parapsilosis.
PP125
Detectation the calcification of the annular mitral valve in
raman spectroscopy
RICK ROCHA; MARICÍLIA SILVA COSTA; PABLO M.A.
POMERARANTZEFF; ENRIQUE P.U. OTERO; ANTONIO
BALBIN VILLAVERDE
Cardiac valves are subjected to high repetitive mechanical
stresses, particularly at the hinge points of the cusps and leaflets
due to the over 40 millions cardiac cycles per year. These delicate structures can suffer cumulative lesions, complicated by the
deposition of calcium phosphate mineral, which may lead to
clinically important disease. Near Infrared Raman Spectroscopy
gives important information about biological tissues composition and it is being used for diagnosis of some pathologies. The
aim of this work was to detect trough the use of the Raman
Spectroscopy technique the mitral annular calcification. A
Ti:saphire laser operating at the near infrared wavelength of
785 nm was used for the excitation of the valve samples and
the Raman radiation was detected by an optical spectrometer
with a CCD liquid nitrogen cooled detector. In all, ten samples
of normal and pathologic tissues were studied. They were approximately squared with the lateral size of 5 mm. It was observed that the Raman spectrum of the calcified mitral valve
showed different behavior, when compared to normal tissues.
Results indicate that the technique presents sensitivity and efficiency to detect the deposition of the calcium phosphate mineral over the mitral valve.
PP126
Antimicrobial activity of Photodynamic Therapy on bacterial
cultures and oral biofilms
IRIANA CARLA JUNQUEIRA ZANIN; M. M. LOBO; L. K. A.
RODRIGUES; L. A. F. PIMENTA; A. BRUGNERA JUNIOR;
R. B. GONÇALVES
The purpose of this study was evaluate the effect of Light
Emission Diode (LED) associated to toluidine blue O (TBO)
on viability of oral bacteria growth as suspensions and biofilms. Suspensions of Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus, Streptococcus sanguis, S. mutans + S. sobrinus, S.
mutans + S. sanguinis, S. sobrinus + S. sanguinis and S. mutans + S. sobrinus + S. sanguinis were growth in brain heart infusion (BHI) broth. Aliquots of each bacterial suspension were
exposed to LED (640,8nm) using 51,4 J/cm2 light energy dose
in presence of TBO (0.1 mg/mL) at the exponential, stationary
and decline growth phases. After irradiation, suspensions were
added to new fresh culture medium and had their absorbance
measured (660nm) at this moment and 24h latter. In addition,
biofilms formed from the suspensions described previously were
growth on bovine enamel blocks for 5 days. Thus, biofilms
were washed to remove loose bound material and were submitted to TBO or TBO/LED treatment. Enamel surfaces were
carefully scraped with sterile curettes, the bacterial cells were
dispersed, and suspensions were serially diluted and plated
onto BHI agar. Bacteria were incubated at 37 C in partial atmosphere of 10% CO2. The association of LED/TBO resulted in a
significant growth inhibition for all microorganisms at three
different growth phases. However significant difference between
TBO and LED/TBO treatment was detected only when oral biofilms and bacterial suspensions at stationary phase were submitted to lethal photosensitization. In conclusion, LED in
association to toluidine blue O is effective to kill single and
multiple oral bacteria cultures and oral biofilms formed under
mentioned conditions. FAPESP (02/00393–8).
PP127
Treatment of neuropáthic pain with biocerâmics
CONRADO, L.A.; RAMOS, P.E; ABE G.C. & OLIVEIRA,
A.S.B, CONRADO, L.A.
Pain is sensorially complex involving sensitive, emotional and
symbolic dimensions. Physiologically it alerts to tissue lesions
to activate the fight or flight mechanism (Oliveira, 2001). There
are three distinct types of pain: mechanical, visceral e neuropathic. Neuropathic pain occurs when the nervous system itself
generates the pain. This pain, in general, is acute, piercing,
burning, stabbing or needling. It worsens at night, for lack of
competing stimuli or caused by mechanisms of low threshold
for pain affected by the circadian rhythms. Clinical control of
this pain is difficult. Treatment is essentially with membrane
stabilizing drugs, including antidepressants and antiepileptic.
The doses required to control pain sometimes cause significant
side effects, limiting their use. Among the undesired effects are
sleepiness, dizziness, diplopia, lack of coordination and incapacity to operate machines or to drive (Prado, Ramos e Valle,
2001). Pain is often incapacitating and constant thus the search
for a technique procedure to relieve these symptoms. The use
of long infrared beams is a possible therapy. Thirteen patients
diagnosed as having peripheric neuropathic pain have been
evaluated in the neuromuscular disease section of Federal University of São Paulo—Paulista School of Medicine (UNIFESPEPM), were given 12 infrared beam sessions using Bioceramics
(INVELDOME). A visual analogical scale was used during the
first and last session; pain relief was observed in all cases.
Therefore, this is a non-invasive therapeutic device that should
be included for those who have neuromuscular pain.
PP128
Superficial roughness of a composite resin light cured by
halogen light and LED bleached with two agents
ALESSANDRA DE SIERVI MATTOS; ANTÔNIO LUIZ BARBOSA PINHEIRO; CARMEM A. VILAS BOAS MOTTA;
CAMILE CAJAZEIRA SOUTO; MARLENE E. M. GERBI;
APARECIDA MARIA CORDEIRO MARQUES; ALDO BRUGNERA JÚNIOR; FÁTIMA ZANIN; REBECA BARROSO BEZERRA
The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate of superficial
roughness of a composite resin light cured with different sources
and bleached with two agents. Sixty samples of composite resin
(RC) Z-250/3M-Espe were prepared (6 groups, n=10). The
groups A, B and C were light cured by halogen light–LH (Optlight-600/Gnatus) and D, E and F by LED (Ultrablue IV/
146
13904ABS.PGS
2/14/05
1:55 PM
Page 147
2004 ABSTRACTS WALT
DMC), both for 20 seconds. The samples were polished with
discs (Sof-Lex/3M) and bleached, in accord to: G.A- RC (control of LH); GB- RC bleached with 10% carbamide peroxidePC (Whiteness Perfect/FGM) for 88 hours; G.C-RC bleached
with 35% peroxide hydrogen–PH (Whiteness-HP/FGM) activated by LED (twice with two applications each one); G.D–
RC (control of LED); G.E– RC bleached with PC as in group B
and G.F- RC bleached with PH as group C. Using a roughness
tester (Mitutoyo), was obtained the following results (mean
in Ra): G.A(0,41±0,06); G.B(0,49 ± 0,06); G.C(0,49±0,06);
G.D(0,45±0,06); G.E(0,41±0,06) and G.F (0,52± 0,08). ANOVA,
p<0,05 and Tukey test.It was concluded that when the samples
were light cured by LED the 35% peroxide hydrogen promoted
a statistically significant increase in the superficial roughness
of the samples when compared with the 10% carbamaide peroxide.
PP129
Effect of the polishing after the bleaching in the superficial
roughness of a composite resin bleached with two agents
ALESSANDRA DE SIERVI MATTOS; ANTÔNIO LUIZ BARBOSA PINHEIRO; CARMEM A. VILAS BOAS MOTTA;
CAMILE CAJAZEIRA SOUTO; LEONARDO COSTA; APARECIDA MARIA MARQUES; ALDO BRUGNERA JÚNIOR;
FÁTIMA ZANIN
This in vitro study evaluated the effect of the polishing after
bleaching on the superficial roughness of a composite resin
(RC)-250 (3M-Espe), light cured by LED (Ultra blue IV/
DMC), and bleached with two materials: 10% carbamide peroxide– CP (Whiteness-Perfect/FGM) for 88 hours and 35% hydrogen peroxide – HP (Whiteness-HP/FGM), activated by
LED. Then, the samples were polished by felt discs and paste
(Diamond-R / FGM). It were fabricated 60 samples of composite resin (6 groups, n =10).G.A- RC light cured; G.B– RC light
cured and polished; G.C– RC light cured and bleached by PC;
G.D- RC light cured and bleached by PC and polished; G.E–
RC light cured and bleached by PH and G.F– RC light cured
and bleached by PH and polished. Thus, the samples were
tested by the roughness tester (Mitutoyo). Were obtained the
following results (mean in Ra): G.A(0,045 ± 0,06); G.B(0,39 ±
0,03); G.C(0,41 ± 0,08); G.D(0,05 ± 0,07); G.E(0,52 ± 0,07)
and G.F(0,53 ± 0,08). ANOVA p>0,05 and Tukey test.It was
concluded that the bleaching agents increased statistically significant the superficial roughness of the samples when the polishing was done. The HP showed more roughness compared to
CP without the polishing.
PP130
Noninvasive rejuvenation of photodamaged skin using intense pulsed light
LILIAN ESTEFAN; SIMÃO COHEN; CLÁUDIO WULKAN;
BIANCA M.C. TEPASSÉ
Five women were submitted to five nonablative full face resurfacing using IPL, one every 2 weeks. Photographs were taken
on all of the patients before the first procedure and after the last
one, as well as weekly clinical assessment. Data concerning
skin features (wrinkles, thickness, dilated pores, pigmentation
and general appearence) were all assessed. The machine used
was a Dermapulse L100 (INDUSTRA-SÃOPAULOBRASIL), with a wavelenght of 390 a 640,energy output 14,4
a 48 j/ cm, spot size 5025, 3515, 2010.) All the patients
showed clinical improvement in every one of the parameters
assessed. The follow up was carried 3 months after the last session. Use of IPL as a method seems to be a good alternative in
photorejuvenation, with minimal side effects, a wide safety
margin, and minimal downtime.
PP131
Evaluation of hollow borosilicate tips in Er:YAG Laser conduction
EDSON ALFREDO; PAULO ROBERTO VIEIRA ALVES;
NORBERTO ARANHA; EDSON ALFREDO; MELISSA ANDRÉIA MARCHESAN; MANOEL D. SOUSA-NETO
The use of Er:YAG laser operated at 3 µm wavelength with adjustable pulses and potencies is very popular in dentistry and
medicine due to its ablation capacity, surgical precision and antibacterial action. The aim of the present study was to evaluate
fiber optic tips prepared with borosilicate, with no internal coating, for the conduction of Er:YAG laser in dental procedures.
Three hollow fiber tips with no internal reflective coating were
fabricated with different profiles, varying the shape of one end
made from borosilicate capillary tubes with external diameters
of 1.5 mm, internal diameters of 1.0 mm and 25.0 mm in length.
The first fiber was cylindric with the original dimensions; the
second fiber had one tip changed from cylindric to conic; the
third fiber tip was changed from cylindric to spherical. The effectiveness of the three tips on the conduction of Er:YAG laser
(2.94 µm) was compared to the solid sapphire fiber that accompanies the accessories of the laser. Two different parameters
were used: 10 Hz and 200 mJ and 20 Hz and 500 mJ. The profiles of the front and lateral burning of the laser with the different tips were observed in thermal paper. Both the sapphire fiber
and the borosilicate tip with the original dimensions presented
similar results; however, the conic and the spherical borosilicate tips had a decrease in the exit potency, however, caused a
larger frontal burn area. The authors concluded that borosilicate tips with no internal coating showed good conduction of
Er:YAG laser, emphasizing advantages such as different tip
shapes, low cost and low loss of energy transmission due to
being hollow.
PP132
Therapy of traumatic injuries in lip and teeth applying a Low
Power Laser
MARIO LOPES REBELLO
PP133
Influence of two single-bottle adhesive systems and two cure
techniques on the marginal microleakage of Class V restoration following Er:YAG irradiation
GARDENIA ZUMAETA; ZUMAÊTA, G.M.O; PINHEIRO,
A.L.B; BRUGNERA JÚNIOR, A. ZANIN, F.; RAMALHO, L.P;
MIRANDA, C.B.
The aim of this study In Vitro study was to evaluate the influence of two single-bottle adhesive systems and two curing techniques on the marginal microleakage of Class V restorations
following drill and Er:YAG preparation. Eighty extracted human
upper third molars were selected and divided into eight groups.
Class V cavities were prepared on the vestibular surfaces of all
147
13904ABS.PGS
2/14/05
1:55 PM
Page 148
2004 ABSTRACTS WALT
specimens. On groups V, VI, VII and VIII, dentin and enamel
surfaces were irradiated with Er:YAG laser (2940nm, 200s,
200mJ/pulse, 60J, 250mW, 3Hz, 300i, 90s) following cavitation. The specimens of groups I and V were restored with Prime
& Bond/Esthet X and cured by visible light (490nm). The same
adhesive system and composite resin was used on groups II
and VI, and cured with Argon laser (488nm; 250mW, Ø=1cm,
focal distance 20mm). The specimens on groups III and VII
were restored with Single Bond/Z250 and cured by visible
light (490nm). The same adhesive system and composite resin
was used on IV and VIII groups however photoiniciated by
Argon laser. The specimens were stained with Silver nitrate for
assessment of microleakage on cervical and occlusal surfaces.
The results were analysed by Mann Whitney test which shown
significance differences (p<0,05) on irradiated dentin. Smaller
level of microleakage was seen on Single Bond/Z250 restored
specimens. It is concluded that SingleBond/Z250 cured by
Argon laser resulted in smaller microleakage in Class V
restorations after Er:YAG irradiation.
PP134
Evaluation of the temperature and vickers hardness of the
composite resins when cured with argon Laser 488 nm and
halogen light
SISSI ZANIN; FÁTIMA ZANIN; ALDO BRUGNERA JUNIOR;
LANDULFO SILVEIRA JUNIOR
The clinical performance of composite resins applied in dental
restorations is influenced by the quality of the curing light
(MENINGA et al, 1997). Composite resins are photoactivated
in the presence of light in the blue range (470nm a 500nm)
(BLANKENAU et al, 1995). The halogen light has normally
been applied, however its effectiveness is reduced by the utilization of optical filters. The light from argon laser (488nm) is
studied as a substitute. The purpose of this work is to evaluate
the polymerization effectiveness of composite resins with respect to their hardness and temperature increase when photopolymerized by the light of a argon laser device (488nm)
(LASER) and by the light of a commercial photopolymerizer
(PHOTO). Measures of hardness (Vickers) and dental pulp temperature had been made. According to the applied methodology and the obtained results, it can be concluded that both
methods for composite resins polymerization promote small
temperature increases of statically equivalent values. In addition, the polymerization activation by argon laser produces
composite resins which are harder than those polymerized by
halogen light, what indicates the superior effectiveness of that
method over the latter.
PP135
Accompaniment of in vitro artificial caries lesion production
by using visual photographic and DIAGNOdent methods
ZANIN S. L. B.; ZANIN I. C. J.; RODRIGUES K. A. L.; BRUGNERA JÚNIOR, A.; NOBRE DOS SANTOS, M.; ZANIN F.
The aim of this study was to monitor in vitro the deciduous
enamel demineralization submitted to different times of cariogenic challenger (G24, G48 and G96 hours) by visual photographic (VP) and DIAGNOdent (Dd) methods. After artificial
demineralization, photographic were taken from the specimens
and they were analyzed in a blind way by tree calibrated investigators. Depending of appearance of enamel surface, the follow-
ing scores were attributed in the VP analysis: 1- intact enamel,
2-inicial white spot, 3-advanced white spot, and 4-cavitation.
The statistic analysis were made using investigators with higher
Kappa rate (0,87). The Dd exam was made in triplicate also in
a blind way and the consisted results between at least 2 investigators were used. The mineral loss calculus (ML) was performed by determination of phosphorus concentration in the
demineralization solution (DS) before and after caries production. The groups G24, G48 and G96 presented respectively
0,916a, 1,458b e 1,922c g/ml more phosphorus inside DS after
caries production. The Pearson correlation test showed a weak
but significant correlation among ML and the two exam methods used (n=30). Visual photographic p value and correlation
coefficient (cc) were p=0,02 and cc=0,42. The results to Dd
were p=0,01 and cc=0,45. When the dates were analyzed by
group (n=10), VP method showed significant correlation with
ML in group G96 (p=0.04) and Dd showed significant correlation with ML in the group G24 (p=0.00). In conclusion, the Dd
method was more efficient to diagnose initial carious lesion
while VP method was more efficient to diagnose advanced
caries lesions.
PP136
The importance of training for the correct use of the DIAGNOdent
FÁTIMA ZANIN; DIAS, P.V.; ISIDORO, K.R.; LADALARDO,
T.C.; CAMPOS, D.H.S. 13; ZANIN, V. 13; ZANIN,S.; BRUGNERA JÚNIOR, A.
The laser is the light form that is being used in the biological
science and technologies. In the dentistry, has been used in the
treatment as well as in the lesion diagnosis. The DIAGNOdent
– German, is a system that uses the laser fluorescence to detect
the level of dental mineralization. The active agent is a red
diode, with wavelength 632 up to 655nm, power shorter than
or equal to 1mW. A group of twelve dentists without experience in work with this equipment, together with two experienced dentists with large know-how in equipment handling,
participated to conclude this research. All professionals were
members of the Grupo Voluntários do Sorriso – UNIFESP
(Smile Voluntaries Group – UNIFESP). Firstly, classes were
provided for general knowledge about the diagnostic laser (DIAGNOdent) and a protocol was presented, showing the real
importance of the dental anatomy and physiology to diagnose
in the cariology the demineralization process. After that, all
members were submitted to a measurement “in vitro” with pre
molars and molars human teeth in the oclusal surface (pre determinated points) and the values were collected. Right after,
occurred a demonstration of the equipment use in practical
classes and everybody was submitted to a new measurement.
The mistakes notice in the first measurement were insufficient
exposition time, contact mode, calibration and measurement of
the place with the position in several directions.
PP137
Analysis of the level of demineralization of the dental enamel
using laser fluorescence technique after dental bleaching
ZANIN, F.; DIAS, P.V.; LADALARDO, T.; ROGÉRIO, V.;
CAMPOS, D. H. S.; BRUGNERA JÚNIOR, A.
Nowadays the dentistry uses clinical approach more biologic,
in the diagnoses as well as in the treatment. The dental bleach-
148
13904ABS.PGS
2/14/05
1:55 PM
Page 149
2004 ABSTRACTS WALT
ing with laser and Led became an usual procedure in the dentistry clinical, being necessary to conclude study that show the
structural conservation front to these procedures. The objective
of this clinical study was to evalue the mineralization grade of
dental enamel before and after the dental bleaching with two
different sources of photonic emission, argon laser and Led, by
fluorescence technical, with DIAGNOdent. We evaluated with
DIAGNOdent, KaVo-Germany, of 655nm, 1mW, continuous
in a lot of 345 teeth of 36 people originating from two groups
of different technical breaching, calls of group A, dental breaching made with argonio laser (488nm, 200mW, LaserMed-USA)
and group L (Led Kondortech, 470nm, 47mW, diode laser associated of 790nm and 40mW). The group A with total of 173
teeth, originating from 19 people and the group L 172 teeth
from 19 people. The bleaching method was identical in both
groups varying only the source photonic issuing. It was taken a
measurement of the mineralization grade in two steps – before
and after dental bleaching. The average of the mineralization
grade before the bleaching in the group A was 3.46 and the
group L was 2.62. Right after the bleaching the group A showed
average values of 2.93 and group L of 2.13. Considering the
obtained results we concluded that both the dental bleaching
technical, laser and Led don’t promote detectable mineral loss
by fluorescence technical.
PP138
Analysis of GaAlAs Laser Therapy (670nm) on the treatment
of dentin hypersensitivity
MÁRCIA SEPÚLVEDA NOYA; REBECA BARROSO BEZERRA;
JOILTON LEAL LOPES; APARECIDA CORDEIRO MARQUES; ALDO BRUGNERA JUNIOR; ANTÔNIO LUIZ BARBOSA PINHEIRO
The aim of the present study was to determine the effectiveness
of GaAlAs laser therapy with 670nm laser on the treatment of
dentin hypersensitivity. Thirty-two intact human teeth were
evaluated, the sensitivity of which to thermal (cold water), mechanical (probe) and evaporative (air) stimuli was recorded
before and immediately after irradiation. Whenever desensitization was not observed after the first application, the patient
was scheduled for a maximum of three further applications at
4-day intervals. The results demonstrated that laser therapy
yielded a statistically significant reduction (p<0.05) in dentine
hypersensitivity to the three stimuli analyzed. According to the
results, the utilization of GaAlAs laser therapy (670nm) required just one application for the thermal and mechanical
stimuli, whereas the evaporative stimulation demanded at least
two applications of laser for the achievement of a similar effect. UNITERMS: Dentin sensitivity; Laser; GaAIAs.
PP139
A 3 year follow-up of internal tooth bleaching with blue LED
and Laser application
FÁTIMA ZANIN; ZANIN, V., MARCHESAN, M; BRUGNERA
JUNIOR, A
This study evaluated the effect and efficacy of photoassisted
internal tooth bleaching during and after the procedure. Thirty
maxillary incisors and canines treated endodontically were evaluated clinically and radiographically and bleached with a conjugated Blue LED (8 LEDS, 567nm, 57mW) and central diode
laser (790nm, 40mW) with a 1.4 cm diameter tip according to
the protocol of the manufacturer (Brightness, Kondortech, São
Carlos, Brazil): gel activation during 30 s up to 6 times. The
gel was 35% hydrogen peroxide of two commercial brands: 15
cases Whiteness HP and 15 cases a Whiteform gel (Fórmula e
Ação), both with specific red pigments to interact with the blue
light from the LED. There was no clinical difference between
the final results using the different products. The results show
that in all cases the tooth color was recovered with no side effects such as sensitivity, cracks or inflammatory reactions of the
gum or periodontal ligament. The patients were followed up
every six months for three years and the color and health of the
teeth were maintained. The technique was efficient in recovery
of tooth color and no side effects were observed in any case.
PP140
Effect 0f 830 nm Laser light on the repair of bone defects
grafted with bovine decalcified cortical osseus membrane
MARQUES, A. M.C.; GERBI, M. E. M.; LIMEIRA JÚNIOR, F.
A; RAMALHO, L. M. P.; PONZI, E. A C; SOARES, E.; PINHEIRO, A L. B.
The aim of the present investigation was to assess histologically the effect of LLLT (AsGaAl, 830nm, 40mW, CW,
~0,6mm) on the repair of surgical defects created in the femur
of the Wistar rat. The defects were filled to bovine biological
membrane (GTR). Surgical bone defects were created in n=48
divided into four groups: Group I (control – n=12); Group II
(Laser – n=12); Group III (Membrane –n=12); Group IV
(Membrane + Laser – n=12). The animals on the irradiated
groups received 16J/cm2 per session divided into four points
around the defect (4J/cm2) being the first irradiation immediately after surgery and repeated seven times at every 48h. The
animals were humanely killed after 15, 21 and 30 days. The results of the present investigation showed histological evidence
of improved amount of collagen fibers at early stages of the
bone healing (15 days) and increased amount of well organized
bone trabeculae at the end of the experimental period (30 days)
on irradiated animals compared to non irradiated ones. It is
concluded that a positive biomodulative effect on the healing
process of defects associated to the use of biological membrane on the femur the rat.
PP141
Comparative study of the apical infiltration of submitted teeth
the conventional apicoetomy, CO2 Laser and glass ionomer
A MARQUES, A. M. C.; CUNHA, S. S.; SANTOS, J.N.;
GERBY, M. E.; ALBERGARIA, S.; BRUGNERA JÚNIOR, A.;
ZANIN, F. A; PINHEIRO, A L. B.
Endodontic surgery is mostly correlated to the lack of an adequate apicoectomy and marginal sealing. The present study was
performed in vitro and aimed to evaluate the apical infiltration in
sectioned teeth by conventional technique and increased by CO2
Laser or glass ionomer cement. Eighteen recently-extracted
teeth were aleatory divided in three groups of six teeth each and
apicoectomised, as follows: Group I: conventional apicoectomy
(drills); Group II: conventional apicoectomy (drills) + retrofilled
with glass ionomer cement (VITREMER®3M); Group III: conventional apicoectomy (drills) + apical glazing with CO2 Laser.
Specimens were immersed in dye (2% methylene blue). Rootend microleakage was assessed by the use of a stereoscopic
magnifying glass (ZEISS®). Non parametric Kruskal-Wallis test
149
13904ABS.PGS
2/14/05
1:55 PM
Page 150
2004 ABSTRACTS WALT
was used to evaluate the results. The group II presented the highest infiltration levels. A smaller apical infiltration was observed
in the group I, however none of these values was significant statistics. We concluded that is possible to get a good apical filling
through the conventional technique of apicoetomy as well as
when CO2 Laser or glass ionomer is used.
PP142
Apical infiltration after conventional apicoetomy or Er:YAG
Laser
MARQUES, A. M. C.; GERBY, M. E.; SANTOS, J.N.; NOIA,
M.; CHAGAS, P.; BRUGNERA JÚNIOR, A.; ZANIN, F. A;
PINHEIRO, A L. B.
The great number of failures in the apical surgery is directly related to the bad retro-filling of the sectioned tooth. The present
study was performed in vitro and aimed to evaluate the apical
infiltration in sectioned teeth by conventional technique or
Er:YAG Laser. Eighteen recently-extracted teeth were aleatory
divided in three groups of six teeth each and apicoectomised,
as follows: Group I: conventional apicoectomy (drills); Group
II: apicoectomy with Er:YAG Laser (250mJ/15Hz); Group III:
apicoectomy with Er:YAG Laser (400mJ/6Hz). Specimens were
immersed in dye (2% methylene blue). Root-end microleakage
was assessed by the use of a stereoscopic magnifying glass
(ZEISS®). Non parametric Kruskal-Wallis test was used to
evaluate the results. The groups I and II presented difference
statistics significant (p=0,0253) and demonstrated that the
group II presented the highest infiltration levels. A smaller apical infiltration was observed in the group III. We concluded
that is possible to get a good apical filling through the conventional technique of apicoetomy as well as Er:YAG Laser
(400mJ/6Hz).
PP143
Apicoectomy with Er:YAG Laser complemented by CO2
Laser or glass ionomer cement, an in vitro study
MARQUES, A. M. C.; POZZA, D.H.; SANTOS, J.N.; NOYA,
M. S.; ALMEIDA, R. C. A; BRUGNERA JUNIOR, A.; ZANIN,
F. A; PINHEIRO, A L. B; SOARES, L. P.
Laser has been used with great success in apical surgery. The
present study was performed in vitro and aimed to evaluate the
apical infiltration in sectioned teeth by Er:YAG Laser and complemented by CO2 Laser or glass ionomer cement. Twenty four
recently-extracted teeth were aleatory divided into four groups
of six teeth each and apicoectomised, as follows: Group I:
Er:YAG Laser (250mJ/15Hz) apicoectomy plus apical glazing
with CO2 Laser; Group II: Er:YAG Laser (400mJ/6Hz) apicoectomy plus apical glazing with CO2 Laser; Group III: Er:YAG
Laser (250mJ/15Hz) apicoectomy plus retrofilled with glass
ionomer cement; Group IV: Er:YAG Laser (400mJ/6Hz) apicoectomy plus retrofilled with glass ionomer cement. Specimens
were immersed in dye (2% methylene blue). Root-end microleakage was assessed by the use of a stereoscopic magnifying
glass (ZEISS®). Non parametric Kruskal-Wallis test was used to
evaluate the results. The groups I and IV presented difference
statistics significant (p=0,0126) and demonstrated that the group
I presented the highest infiltration levels. A smaller apical infiltration was observed in the groups III and IV. We concluded that
is possible to get a good apical filling through the Er:YAG Laser
(400mJ/6Hz) plus apical glazing with CO2 Laser.
PP144
Conventional technique versus Er:YAG Laser apicoectomy
both retrofilled with glass ionomer cement, an comparative
study
MARQUES, A. M. C.; GERBI, M. E. M.; POZZA, D.H.; SANTOS, J. N.; CHAGAS, P.; NOIA, M.; BRUGNERA JÚNIOR, A.;
ZANIN, F. A; PINHEIRO, A L. B.
Success in apical surgery is directly related to the correct retrofilling of the sectioned tooth. The present study was performed
in vitro and aimed to evaluate the apical infiltration in sectioned teeth by conventional technique versus Er:YAG Laser
apicoectomy both retrofilled with glass ionomer cement. Eighteen recently-extracted teeth were aleatory divided in three
groups of six teeth each and apicoectomised, as follows: Group
I: conventional apicoectomy (drills) plus retrofilling with glass
ionomer cement; Group II: Er:YAG Laser (250mJ/15Hz) apicoectomy plus retrofilling with glass ionomer cement; Group
III: Er:YAG Laser (400mJ/6Hz) apicoectomy plus retrofilling
with glass ionomer cement. Specimens were immersed in dye
(2% methylene blue). Root-end microleakage was assessed by
the use of a stereoscopic magnifying glass (ZEISS®). Non
parametric Kruskal-Wallis test was used to evaluate the results.
The groups didn’t presented difference statistics significant. A
smaller apical infiltration was observed in the group III. We
concluded that the best group was Er:YAG Laser (250mJ/
15Hz) apicoectomy plus retrofilled with glass ionomer cement.
PP145
An in vitro study of conventional technique versus Er:YAG
Laser apicoectomy both glazed by CO2 Laser
MARQUES, A. M. C.; POZZA, D.H*; SANTOS, J. N.; NÓIA,
M.; CHAGAS, P.; BRUGNERA JÚNIOR, A.; ZANIN, F. A;
PINHEIRO, A L. B; GAIÃO, L.
Correct retro-filling of the sectioned tooth is very important to
success in apical surgery. The present study was performed in
vitro and aimed to evaluate the apical infiltration in sectioned
teeth by conventional technique versus Er:YAG Laser apicoectomy both apical glazed by CO2 Laser. Eighteen recentlyextracted teeth were aleatory divided in three groups of six teeth
each and apicoectomised, as follows: Group I: conventional apicoectomy (drills) plus apical glazing with CO2 Laser; Group II:
Er:YAG Laser (250mJ/15Hz) apicoectomy plus apical glazing
with CO2 Laser; Group III: Er:YAG Laser (400mJ/ 6Hz) apicoectomy plus apical glazing with CO2. Specimens were immersed in dye (2% methylene blue). Root-end microleakage was
assessed by the use of a stereoscopic magnifying glass
(ZEISS®). Non parametric Kruskal-Wallis test was used to evaluate the results. The groups didn’t presented difference statistics
significant. A smaller apical infiltration was observed in the
group III. We concluded that the best group was Er:YAG Laser
(400mJ/6Hz) apicoectomy plus apical glazing with CO2 Laser.
PP146
Scanning eletron microscopic evaluation of dentin and enamel
interface of Class V restorations after Er:YAG irradiation
ZUMAÊTA, G.M.O; PINHEIRO, A.L.B; BRUGNERA JUNIOR, A. ZANIN, F.; NOYA, M.S.; RAMALHO, L.P.
The aim of this In Vitro study was to evaluate, by SEM, the
presence or absence of gaps on the resin/dentin and resin/
150
13904ABS.PGS
2/14/05
1:55 PM
Page 151
2004 ABSTRACTS WALT
enamel interfaces of Class V restorations prepared with drill
or Er:YAG laser using two single-bottle adhesive systems and
two curing techniques. Thirty two extracted human upper
third molars teeth were used and divided into eight groups.
Class V cavities were prepared on the vestibular surfaces of
all specimes. However on groups V, VI, VII e VIII, the dentin
and enamel surfaces were irradiated with Er:YAG laser
(2940nm, 200ms, 200mJ, 60J, 250mW, 3Hz, 300 i, 90s). The
specimens of groups I and V were restored with Prime &
Bond/Esthet X and cured by visible light (490nm); groups II
and VI were restored with Prime & Bond/Esthet X and cured
with Argon laser (488nm, 250mW, Ø=1cm, focal distance
20mm); groups III and VII were restored with Single
Bond/Z250 and cured by current visible light; groups IV and
VIII were restored with Single Bond/Z250 and e cured with
Argon laser. The specimens were sectioned and routinely
processed for SEM analysis and images. SingleBond/Z250 restored specimens cured by current visible light or Argon laser
showed similar results and good adaptation of the interfaces
and absence of gaps on Er:YAG laser irradiated specimens. It
is concluded that the use of the SingleBond/Z250 resulted in
minimal gap formation on resin/dentin and resin/enamel interfaces irradiated by Er:YAG laser independent of the photoactivation system.
151