V IS THIS?
WHOSE WATER
Challenges of participatory water management in
Brazil: the case of Cantareira.
The Piracicaba, Capivari, Jundiai Watershed Committee
and the water permit renewal process of the Cantareira System.
Fabiana Barbi
Master’s student at PROCAM – USP (University of Sao Paulo)
Presentation Content
1. Research context
2. Research question
3. Theoretical Approach
4. Research Directions
5. Methodological Approach
6. Conclusions
Water Resources Management Units in SP
Piracicaba, Capivari, Jundiai Watershed
The Region at a glance

Second industrial pole in the country

Responsible for 7% of Gross Internal
Product

Around 5 million people in 15.320 km2

74 municipalities (69 in SP
and 5 in MG)
Environment

Civil society began to worry about the
environment in this region in the 60’s,
motivated by the fish kill due to river
pollution.

This mobilization got stronger in the
70’s with intense river pollution due to
industrial and demographical
development and the water diversion
to SP through the Cantareira System.

All this led to the creation of the
Consortium in 1989.
Cantareira System - SP
Cantareira System - SP
The system was built in 1973 and is comprised of 07 dams, 07 water diversions and
48 km of tunnels and canals which allow, after the treatment at ETA Guaraú, the
distribution of 31 m3/s of water in the SP Metropolitan Region according to the water
permit from 1974.
Reservoirs Importance
Sistema Cantareira
Sistema
Alto Tietê
F. MORATO
F. Morato
F. DA
ROCHA
F. da Rocha
P. B. Jesus
Cajamar
Mairiporã
MAIRIPORÃ
Sta. Isabel
R.Juquerí
CAIEIRAS R. Águas
Caieiras
CAIEIRAS
Claras
GUARULHOS
ARUJÁ
Arujá
ARUJÁ
GUARULHOS
Guarulhos
S. do
Parnaíba
Sistema
Baixo Cotia
Itaqua
Mogi das Cruzes
BARUERÍ
OSASCO
Osasco
JANDIRA CARAP.
Jandira
Carap.
Itapeví
Cotia
COTIA
R.da
Graça
Sistema
Alto Cotia
R.P.Beicht
São Paulo
SÃO PAULO
ITAP. DA
Itap.
Da
SERRA
Serra
S.LOURENÇO. DA
EMBU
Embu
GUAÇU
Guaçu
SUZANO
S.C.
S.C.
do
DO SUL
Sul
T.DA
T.
da
SERRA
Serra
EMBU
Embu
S.Lourenço
SERRA
da Serra
Juquitiba
R.Paraitinga
Poá
F.
F.
VAS.
Vas.
POÁ
ITAPEVÍ
V.G.
.
V.G. PAUL
Paul.
Guararema
ITAQUA
SUZANO
Suzano
STO.
Sto.
ANDRÉ
Diadema André
DIADEMA.
MAUÁ
Mauá
R.Taiaçupeba
R.Jundiaí
R.G.
Serra
R.PIRES
R.Pires
R.G.
R.Guara
Piranga
SERRA
Rib Estiva
Sistema
Ribeirão
da
R.Billings
Estiva
Sistema
Rio Grande
S.B.do
S.B.DO
CAMPO
Campo
Sistema
Guarapiranga
Importância Relativa dos
Sistemas Produtores
Salesópolis
Biritiba
Mirim
R.P. Nova
R.Biritiba
Mirim
R. R.
do
Campo
Sistema
Rio
Claro
20%
49%
15%
0,2%
6%
7%
1,7%
1,3%
Research question
Facing the decentralization process in the
water management and the possibility of
different actors taking part in this process,
the interest conciliation, cooperation capacity
among actors and conflict negotiation are
necessary.
?? How the cooperation history among the
PCJ Committee members contributed to
strengthen its negotiation capacity in the
water permit renewal process of the
Cantareira System?
Important Changes

Water Management State System from 1991,
based in the French model.




Creation of the Watershed Committees.


Decentralized
Shared
Participative
Define strategies and projects on the watershed.
PCJ Committee was the first one in 1993.
PCJ Committee Structure
State
Municipalities
Civil Society
17 Entities
17 Votes
69 Mayors
17 Votes
17 organizations
17 Votes
Directory
President; Vice-President; Executive
Secretary
Technical Chamber of Planning (Plenary Members)
CT-AS
CT-EA
CT-ID
CT-MH
CT-OL
CT-PB
CT-RN
CT-SA
CT-SAM
CT-Rural
Undergrou
nd water
Environme
ntal
education
Technology
and research
difusion
Hydrological
monitoring
Permits
and
licenses
Watersh
ed Plan
Natural
resources
conservati
on and
protection
saniting
Environm
ental
health
Water use
and
conservation
in rural areas
GT
CANTAREIRA
GA-Plano
GA-Rel. Sit.
Water permit renewal process

Many actors involved
with different
interests.

Negotiation lasted
one and a half year.
The Cantareira Permit
Now and Then
.
1974 – centralized
decision
 2004 – participative

30 years permit
10 years permit

Water priority to Sao
Paulo M A (31 from 33
m3/s)
 Gradual change in
water priority (water bank,
6 m3/s to PCJ)

Centralized
management by
Sabesp
Participatory
management

process
Research Direction
There is a satisfatory stock of
 cooperation,
 trust,
 solidarity and
 reciprocity among the members in this
Committe
so that they can build institutional
arrangements, adopting coordinated
strategies to negotiate solutions to
shared management problems, for
instance, in the case of the water permit
renewal.
Theoretical Approach

“Much of the world is dependent on resources that are
subject to the possibility of a tragedy of the commons.”
(E. Ostrom)

“A group in an interdependence situation can organize
and govern in order to obtain joint continuous benefits
when they adopt coordinated strategies.” (E. Ostrom)

Social capital
The capacity that a group has to develop trust ties and
cooperation networks in order to produce collective
goods.
Methodological Approach

Cognitive social capital: trust,
solidarity, reciprocity and
cooperation.

Structural social capital: social
networks.

Coordinated strategies lead to
collective action – decision making,
participation, resources mobilization
and management, communication
and conflict resolution.
Conclusions
o
o
o
The Cantareira system water use permit
renewal process opened important channels
of participation, allowing the Universities to
play an important role.
The negotiation process strengthened the
Committee as a water management
organization and the water management
system as a whole.
It raised awareness in how people reflect on
the natural resources depletion.
References

Projeto Marca d’Agua: www.marcadagua.org.br
ANA: www.ana.gov.br
CBH-PCJ: www.comitepcj.sp.gov.br
CONSORCIO: www.agua.org.br
DAEE: www.daee.sp.gov.br
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Contact: [email protected]
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