Post-graduation Program In Industrial Systems
and Processes - Masters
Energy Efficiency in Industrial Processes:
Implementation of a Low-cost Embedded System
Jaime André Back
Leonel Pablo Tedesco
Adilson Ben da Costa (Lecturer)
Santa Cruz do Sul University – UNISC
Adilson Ben da Costa, [email protected]
1
Summary
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Introduction
Objective
Theoretical Basis
Methodology
Results
Conclusion
References
Adilson Ben da Costa, [email protected]
2
Introduction
• The recent economic growth observed in Brazil
directly influenced the increasing of manufacturing
sector.
• This is reflected in the upgrading of industrial parks
and processes, which brings considerable demand
for eletric energy.
Adilson Ben da Costa, [email protected]
3
Introduction
• Electrical Power Quality (EPQ) has become a
growing and common concern to electricity
companies
(state
concessions,
electrification
cooperatives) and consumers in general (LEBORGNE,
2003; SOLÓRZANO, 2004).
• The Energy Efficiency (EE) in electrical systems
represents socioeconomic activities that aim to
provide better power consumption.
Looking for optimize the use of energy source
Adilson Ben da Costa, [email protected]
4
Objective
Development of a low-cost embedded system oriented to
the management of electricity in industrial environments,
using digital signal processing (DSP) technics.
Adilson Ben da Costa, [email protected]
5
Theoretical Basis
Energy Efficiency
Identification
of disorders
The EPQ refers to a wide variety of conducted electromagnetic
phenomena that characterize the voltage and current at a given
time and location of the electrical system.
•
•
Transients (impulsive and oscillatory);
Variations of short duration (transitory, voltage sags, voltage
jumps);
•
Variations
of
long
duration
(interruptions,
under
voltage,
overvoltage);
•
•
Waveform distortion (voltage cut-off, harmonics, noise);
Voltage fluctuations, frequency variations and imbalances.
Adilson Ben da Costa, [email protected]
6
Theoretical Basis
The main methods
identification of EE
used
in
parameter
Method based on ...
 the calculation of the Root Mean Square (RMS);
 Instantaneous Euclidean Norm;
 the application of Discrete Fourier Transform;
 the application of Discrete Wavelet Transform.
(GARCIA et al. 2009)
Adilson Ben da Costa, [email protected]
7
Theoretical Basis
Method based on the Discrete Wavelet Transform
 The Wavelet Transform is used when it is necessary to
locate individual events in the time domain, allowing
separate components of frequency of signals using the
wavelet decomposition filters (HUA et al., 2008; FILHO, 2003; GARCIA
et al., 2009).
Adilson Ben da Costa, [email protected]
8
Methodology
1. Development of the system for acquisition and
2.
3.
analysis of data from the power supply;
The second stage corresponded to the installation
and calibration of the acquisition system in an
industrial environment;
The final step, the data collected was analyzed by
the system and thus the consumption model can be
raised.
Adilson Ben da Costa, [email protected]
9
Methodology
First step - Implementation of the Acquisition Hardware
The
signal
acquisition
is
performed with the use of
current sensors and voltage
sensors connected to the
electrical grid, corresponding to
the step of signal input.
The signal is conditioned to
achieve specific value ranges
and within the limits of the ADC
(analog-to-digital
converter)
used in the digital signal
processing (DSP).
After this, the signals are sent to
embedded system (MINI2440)
Adilson Ben da Costa, [email protected]
10
Methodology
Second step - Installation and calibration of the
acquisition system in an industrial environment
The monitoring system has been installed in one tobacco
processing industrial line, and is characterized by:
 280 induction motors,
mostly three-phase;
1
boiler
steam.
for
heater
Industrial
process
The data was collected in 3 transformers installed in parallel.
Adilson Ben da Costa, [email protected]
11
Methodology
Final step - The consumption model
An algorithm was developed for the analysis of disturbances
to run in embedded applications, comprising the following
features:
 Multiresolution DWT Analysis was used;
 The wavelet Haar mother was used;
 Algorithm developed in C language.
Adilson Ben da Costa, [email protected]
12
Results
DAS - Data Acquisition Systems
The information of the
all DASs were collected
(centralized)
in
one
microcontroller
board
(MINI2440), that can be
accessed by network
(protocol TCP/IP).
The total cost is
US$ 500.00 including
installation costs.
Adilson Ben da Costa, [email protected]
DAS 1
MINI2440
DAS 2
13
Results
EE - Analysis of Consumption
This stage corresponded to the verification of the power
consumption behavior by the system and its efficiency.
Profile of the behavior of the energy demand monitored in one day, in a
single shift of the operation process (around 9 h).
14
Adilson Ben da Costa, [email protected]
Results
EE - Model of Consumption
A consumption model can be taken from the comparison
between the demand curves during the study period
Any event which
exceeds these two
limits by more than
1 minutes represent
one de abnormal
operation.
Profile of the behavior, and consumption limits, of the energy demand
monitored in 4 days.
Adilson Ben da Costa, [email protected]
15
Results
DWT - Analysis of EPQ and EE patterns
 The parameters of EPQ in the electric current also
affect the EE standards and should be considered in
all processes of analysis and monitoring.
 In this work these disorders were analyzed using the
values of average consumption, for each phase of the
transformers.
Adilson Ben da Costa, [email protected]
16
Results
DWT - Analysis of EPQ and EE patterns
One dip in current,
caused by the reset
of the equipments,
due to over voltage.
Consumption
curve of the
process, in 24h.
Adilson Ben da Costa, [email protected]
Results
DWT - Analysis of EPQ and EE patterns
One dip in current,
caused by the reset
of the equipments,
due to over voltage.
Consumption
curve of the
process, in 24h.
voltage jumps
DWT analysis
applied to locate
disturbances in
electrical current.
Adilson Ben da Costa, [email protected]
Conclusion
 The integration of different technologies associated
to capture and analysis of signals result in low-cost
tools that can assist in monitoring and effective
management of energy demands, thus contributing
to a better Energy Efficiency in the industry sector.
 The algorithm developed, besides checking the
demand consumed, may consider the different
consumption profiles for day or week of the
industrial
process
operation,
according
to
characteristic of the industry.
Adilson Ben da Costa, [email protected]
19
References
•
DECKMANN, S. M.; POMILIO, J. A. (2010). Avaliação da Qualidade da Energia Elétrica.
Unicamp,
Campinas.
Accessed
in
December,
08,
2011.
Available
at:
http://www.dsce.fee.unicamp.br/~antenor/pdffiles/qualidade/a1.pdf
•
DUGAN et al. (2003). Electrical Power Systems Quality. 2nd ed., New York: McGraw Hill, 2003.
528 p.
•
DUQUE et al. (2005) Power Quality Event Detection Based on the Divide and Conquer
Principle and Innovation Concept. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, v. 20, n. 4, pp. 2361 –
2369.
•
FERREIRA, J. C. (2009). Utilização da Transformada de Wavelet para Detectar Variações
Anormais de Frequência em Sistemas de Geração Distribuída. Universidade Federal de
Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil.
•
FILHO, O. D. (2003). Utilização da transformada wavelet para caracterização de distúrbios na
qualidade da energia elétrica. USP, São Carlos, Brazil.
•
GARCIA et al. (2009). Sistema de Consultoria de Qualidade de Energia Elétrica. In: VIII
Conferência Brasileira sobre Qualidade da Energia Elétrica, 2009, Blumenau, Brazil.
•
HUA et al. (2008). Recognition and Classification of Power Quality Event in Power System
Using Wavelet Transform. Proceedings of 27th Chinese Control Conference.
•
JUNIOR, O. H. A. Desenvolvimento de uma Metodologia para Identificar e Quantificar
Distúrbios da Qualidade da Energia Elétrica. (PPGEE - UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil.
20
Adilson Ben da Costa, [email protected]
References
•
LEBORGNE, R. (2003). Uma Contribuição à Caracterização da Sensibilidade de Processos
Industriais Frente a Afundamentos de Tensão. Universidade Federal de Itajubá, Itajubá, Brazil.
•
MISITI et al. (2012). Wavelet Toolbox For Use with MATLAB®. User’s Guide, Revised for
Version 4.10 (Release 2012b), The MathWorks, Inc.
•
PAZOS, R. P. (2006). Transformada Wavelet Haar. (UNISC) Accessed in December, 21, 2012.
Available at: http://rpanta.com/downloads/material/271006_RPP_DSP04.pdf>
•
RAMOS, F. R. et al. (2002). On signal processing approach for event detection and
compression applied to power quality evaluation. In IEEE 10th International Conference on
Harmonic and Quality of Power, pp. 133–138, 2002
•
SANTOSO et al. (2000). Characterization of distribution power quality events with Fourier and
wavelet transforms. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, v. 15, n. 1, pp. 247–254.
•
SILVA et al (2009). Eficiência Energética na Indústria. In: VIII Conferência Brasileira sobre
Qualidade da Energia Elétrica, Blumenau, SC, Brazil.
•
SOLA, A. V. H.; KOVALESKI, J. L. (2004). Eficiência energética nas indústrias: cenários &
oportunidades. In: XXIV ENEGEP, X International Conference on Industrial Engineering and
Operations. Florianópolis, Brazil.
•
SOLÓRZANO, K. M. L. (2004). Uma Contribuição ao Estudo de Sobretensões em Sistemas
Elétricos de Pequeno Porte Contendo Cargas Não - Lineares. (CPG-E), Universidade Federal
de Itajubá, Itajubá, Brazil.
21
Adilson Ben da Costa, [email protected]
Acknowledgement
Inscrições abertas a partir de 1º de outubro
Thank you for
your attention.
[email protected]
Adilson Ben da Costa, [email protected]
Acknowledgement
Inscrições abertas a partir de 1º de outubro
Thank you for
your attention.
[email protected]
Adilson Ben da Costa, [email protected]