ETHANOL AS PREFERENTIAL FUEL FOR THE
FUTURE OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
Ricardo Simões de Abreu
Frente Inovar-Auto 2 - Sindipeças
Julho de 2015
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ETHANOL AS PREFERENTIAL FUEL FOR THE FUTURE OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
Ethanol is key to complement Brazilian Energetic Matrix
How to improve it?
•  Higher Ethanol
production
•  Higher vehicle
efficiency
•  Preference to be
used by consumer
From Brazil Government, June, 2015
2
Today focus
ETHANOL AS PREFERENTIAL FUEL FOR THE FUTURE OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
Ethanol is the best solution to reduce
Green House Gases – From Well to Wheel Approach
81%
77%
60
49%
80
Relative Reduction of CO2
36%
REF.
32%
100
23%
CO2 Emission (%)
120
40
20
0
Standard
Gasoline
Standard
Diesel
Gasoline +
Hybrid
Diesel +
Hybrid
BEV
Biodiesel
Ethanol
Well to Wheel Approach - Adapted from World Business Council for Sustainable Development
•  The concern with GHG is global and leading countries are planning strong actuation to
significantly reduce the use of fossil fuels
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ETHANOL AS PREFERENTIAL FUEL FOR THE FUTURE OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
Ethanol providing improved engine performance for Inovar-Auto 1
Downsizing
Downsizing
Compression
RatioRatio
Compression
Turbo
Turbo
Friction and
Cooling
Direct
Injection
Direct
Injection
Variable valve train
Key conditions:
•  The flex compromise
needs to favor Ethanol
•  Ethanol needs to keep
the price limit (~70%
from gasoline)
•  Ethanol supply needs
to be assured
Hydrous Ethanol
Low Viscosity oil
Low water content
ethanol
Start-Stop
InovarAuto
Fuel efficiency potential
-1% IPI
-2% IPI
Further improvements can be obtained with the reduction of Ethanol water content
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ETHANOL AS PREFERENTIAL FUEL FOR THE FUTURE OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
Ethanol world demand to improve octane number
G7 plans to reduce significantly the use of fossil fuels
•  Many countries are
increasing the ethanol % in
the gasoline blends.
•  In USA, 15% blend is
approved
•  For octane number, the trend
is a blend between 30% and
E40%
•  For reducing GHG, the
The already announced programs for OC
improvement will increase consumption 39
billion liter/year by 2024
flexibility of engines to go
beyond it will play a key rule
in the future (Global Flex).
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ETHANOL AS PREFERENTIAL FUEL FOR THE FUTURE OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
LEI Nº 12.996, Altera a Lei nºs 12.715 - INOVARAUTO,
2,50
Consumo Energético [MJ/km]
Art. 41-B.” O Poder
Executivo, no âmbito do
Inovar-Auto, poderá
estabelecer alíquotas do
Imposto sobre Produtos
Industrializados - IPI
menores para os veículos
que adotarem motores
flex que tiverem relação
de consumo entre etanol
hidratado e gasolina
superior a 75% (setenta e
cinco por cento), sem
prejuízo da eficiência
energética da gasolina
nos veículos novos.”
Energetic Efficiency(MJ/km)
2,30
Reference
(2011)
Referência
(2011)
2,10
G 14,0 km/l
E 9,71 km/l
Inovar
Limit
MetaAuto
Habilitação
1,90
G 15,93 km/l
E 11,04 km/l
IPI
1 p.p.
Meta
IPI 1 p.p.
75%
IPI
2 p.p.
Meta
IPI 2 p.p.
1,70
G 17,26 km/l
E 11,96 km/l
1,50
Autonomy considering same
energetic efficiency for G e E.
1,30
800
6
900
1000
1100
1200
Mass [kg]
1300
1400
1500
© MAHLE
ETHANOL AS PREFERENTIAL FUEL FOR THE FUTURE OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
Main messages
•  Ethanol is a strategic element in the Brazilian energy matrix
•  Ethanol is the best solution to keep internal combustion engine in the low green
house gases mobility matrix in the future.
•  Modern engine technologies can perform better running on Ethanol with reduced
water content.
•  Ethanol is key for octane number improver and Green House Gases reduction.
To improve the global penetration a GLOBAL FLEX engine running on low water
content ethanol is necessary.
•  New engine technologies and low water content ethanol introduction will
increase the fuel cost. That must be offset by productivity and technology gains
in the whole chain to keep or increase the value to the end customers in a
competitive way. All segments (Automotive Industry, Ethanol producers,
Government) must work together to introduce it coordinated with Inovar Auto
evolution.
THANK YOU
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