DIVERSIDADE DE SERES VIVOS
• Classificação dos seres vivos
• Sistema de classificação de Lineu
• Nomenclatura binomial
• Domínios e Reinos de seres vivos
• Cladogramas
Classificação dos seres vivos
• Por que classificar?
• Diferentes critérios de classificação. Ex:
▫ coleção de selos
▫ mercadorias em um supermercado
• Antigamente os seres vivos costumavam ser
divididos em:
▫
▫
▫
▫
▫
Móveis x imóveis;
Comestíveis x não comestíveis;
Perigosos x não perigosos;
Selvagens x domesticados;
Terrestres x aquáticos.
Classificando livros:
Classificando folhas:
Classificando seres vivos:
•Bactérias
•Protistas (protozoários e algas)
•Fungos
•Plantas
•Animais:
•Poríferos
• Cnidários
• Platelmintos
• Nematelmintos
•Anelídeos
• Moluscos
• Artrópodes
• Equinodermos
•Peixes
• Anfíbios
• Répteis
• Aves
• Mamíferos
Creating a Dichotomus Key for Limpet Shells
• Margin (edge) variation: rough edges x smooth edges
• Shape: round x oblong
• Size: More/less than xxx cm
• Color: just 1 color x combination of colors
• Pattern of coloration: with/without brown stripes; with/without brown
spots; with/without rings of brown going around hole
• Features on the shell: hole in center x without holes
Magathura crenulata
Collisella striata
Fissurela barbadensis
Fissurella nodosa
Fissurela maxima
Nacella deaurata
Cellana testudinaria
Cellana radiata
Patelloida saccharina
True or false?
• Within a phylum, a class has more species than
an order.
Kingdom (Reino)
Phylum (Filo)
Class
(Classe)
Order
(Ordem)
Family
(Família)
Genus
(Gênero)
Species
(Espécie)
True or false?
• If two species both have the word fish in their
name, they must be in the same family.
Swordfish
Starfish
Silverfish
Cuttlefish
True or false?
• The best name for scientists to use for a species
is its most popular common name.
What would be the problem with
using common names?
Common names vs. Scientific names
Common names
• Used to identify species in
everyday life.
• Can vary from place to place,
from one language to the
other.
• Macaco-aranha
• Macaco-aranha-preto
• Coatá
• Quatá
• Spider-monkey
• Ateles paniscus
Scientific names
• Used by scientists for each
species.
• Binomial nomenclature: twopart name for each species.
(written in italics or underlined)
• 1st part: the name of the genus.
Always starts with a capital
letter.
e.g. Homo.
• 2nd part: species descriptor.
The word is in lowercase.
e. g. sapiens.
Activities:
• Read section 17.1, answer Contrast, Apply and
Infer (B) questions on pages 519 and 521.
• Assessment 17.1, page 521: 1
5
• Quick Lab – Classifying, section 17.2, page 525.
Answer Analyze and conclude 1 3.
• Read Domains and Kingdoms (section 17.4), page
533: use a three-column chart to take notes.
DOMAIN NAME
CHARACTERISTICS
• Assessment 17.4, page 535: 1
KINGDOMS
INCLUDED
4