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SHORT COMMUNICATION / COMUNICAÇÃO
Incidência de mancha preta em frutos cítricos em diferentes
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SP
Ivan H. Fischer1, Leonardo Toffano1, Silvia A. Lourenço10DUFHO%6SyVLWR2& Lilian Amorim1
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RESUMO
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GLDVQmRIRLVLJQL¿FDWLYRQRVIUXWRVFtWULFRVDPRVWUDGRV
Palavras chaveIUXWRVFtWULFRV*XLJQDUGLDFLWULFDUSD
ABSTRACT
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VWDJHVLQSDFNLQJKRXVHVLQDQGEWRHYDOXDWH&%6LQFLGHQFHLQµ3rUD¶DQGµ/LPD¶RUDQJHVDQGµ0XUFRWW¶WDQJRUVVROG
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DUULYDODIWHUSUHZDVKLQJDQGGHJUHHQLQJIURPWKHSDFNLQJWDEOHIURPWKHSDOOHWDQGDW&HDJHVS7KH\ZHUHVWRUHGIRUWRGD\VDW
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KeywordsFLWUXVIUXLW*XLJQDUGLDFLWULFDUSD
2(VWDGRGH6mR3DXORFRQFHQWUDGDSURGXomR
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QD 8QLmR (XURSpLD FRPR GRHQoD TXDUHQWHQiULD $ SRU
QmRHVWDUSUHVHQWHHPVHXVSDtVHVPHPEURV&RQVLGHUDPVH
FRPRIUXWRVGRHQWHVDSHQDVRVTXHDSUHVHQWDUHPVLQWRPDV
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7URSLFDO3ODQW3DWKRORJ\-XO\$XJXVW
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p QHFHVViULR SDUD HYLWDU D H[SRUWDomR GH IUXWRV GRHQWHV
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GD 03& HP IUXWRV FRPHUFLDOL]DGRV QD &RPSDQKLD GH
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Locais de amostragem
$VDPRVWUDJHQVGRVIUXWRVFtWULFRVIRUDPUHDOL]DGDV
HPLQWHUYDORVGHGLDVHPGRLVSDFNLQJKRXVHVORFDOL]DGRV
QR(VWDGRGH6mR3DXORLQRSDFNLQJKRXVHORFDOL]DGRQR
PXQLFtSLRGH0DWmRRQGHSURFHVVRXVHIUXWRVSDUDH[SRUWDomR
ODUDQMDµ9DOrQFLD¶HWDQJRUµ0XUFRWW¶QRSHUtRGRGHMXOKRD
QRYHPEURGHHHLLQRSDFNLQJKRXVHORFDOL]DGR
HP (QJHQKHLUR &RHOKR RQGH SURFHVVRXVH IUXWRV SDUD R
PHUFDGRLQWHUQRODUDQMDVµ3rUD¶µ/LPD¶Hµ1DWDO¶HWDQJRU
µ0XUFRWW¶QRSHUtRGRGHVHWHPEURDMDQHLURGHH
$PRVWUDJHQVGHIUXWRVFtWULFRVFRPHUFLDOL]DGRVQD
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UHDOL]DGDVPHQVDOPHQWHGHMXQKRDQRYHPEURGH
$ LQFXEDomR LGHQWL¿FDomR H TXDQWL¿FDomR GRV
VLQWRPDV GD 03& HP SyVFROKHLWD IRUDP UHDOL]DGDV QDV
GHSHQGrQFLDV GR 6HWRU GH )LWRSDWRORJLD H +RUWLFXOWXUD
GD (VFROD 6XSHULRU GH $JULFXOWXUD ³/XL] GH 4XHLUR]´
8QLYHUVLGDGHGH6mR3DXOR3LUDFLFDED63
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&HP IUXWRV IRUDP FROHWDGRV HP FDGD XPD GDV
VHJXLQWHV HWDSDV GR EHQH¿FLDPHQWR GR SDFNLQJKRXVH GH
0DWmR QRV ELQV FDL[DV SOiVWLFDV FRP FDSDFLGDGH SDUD
.J GH chegada GRV IUXWRV GR FDPSR DSyV D SUp
lavagemFRPKLSRFORULWRGHVyGLRDPJ/GHFORURDWLYR
HGHWHUJHQWHQHXWURDSyVRSHUtRGRGHdesverdecimento
7URSLFDO3ODQW3DWKRORJ\-XO\$XJXVW
FRPHWLOHQRDPJ/SRUWUrVDFLQFRGLDVQDbancaGH
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D PJ/ FDGD H QR palete HP FDL[DV GH SDSHOmR
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GHVYHUGHFLPHQWRDVHWDSDVDYDOLDGDVIRUDPH1RWRWDO
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QDUDPSDGHGHVFDUUHJDPHQWRODUDQMDµ3rUD¶Hµ1DWDO¶QD
EDQFDGHHPEDODJHPDSyVODYDJHPFRPGHWHUJHQWHQHXWUR
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ORFDOL]DGD HP SRVLomR LQWHUPHGLiULD QD SLOKD GH FDL[DV
1R WRWDO IRUDP DPRVWUDGRV IUXWRV FRQVLGHUDQGR DPRVWUDJHQV GH ODUDQMD µ3rUD¶ QRYH GH ODUDQMDV µ/LPD¶ H
µ1DWDO¶HVHLVGHWDQJRUµ0XUFRWW¶
1D &HDJHVS DV DPRVWUDJHQV IRUDP UHDOL]DGDV HP
TXDWUR DWDFDGLVWDV TXH FRPHUFLDOL]DYDP IUXWRV FtWULFRV HP
FDL[D GH PDGHLUD SHUID]HQGR IUXWRV GH FDGD YDULHGDGH
SRUDWDFDGLVWDHWRWDOL]DQGRIUXWRVSDUDFDGDYDULHGDGH
8PDYH]TXHQRSDFNLQJKRXVHGH(QJHQKHLUR&RHOKRQmR
VH HPSUHJDYD WUDWDPHQWR IXQJLFLGD SyVFROKHLWD RSWRXVH
SRU DWDFDGLVWDV TXH VDELGDPHQWH FRPHUFLDOL]DYDP IUXWRV
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2V IUXWRV IRUDP LQGLYLGXDOL]DGRV HP EDQGHMDV
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IDYRUHFHUDH[SUHVVmRGRVVLQWRPDVGD03&SHUPDQHFHQGR
SRUPDLVGLDVSDUDRVIUXWRVGRVSDFNLQJKRXVHVHGLDV
SDUD RV IUXWRV GD &HDJHVS D ž& H GH XPLGDGH
UHODWLYD$LQFLGrQFLDGD03&IRLDYDOLDGDYLVXDOPHQWHDSyV
D UHWLUDGD GD FkPDUD ~PLGD H DR ¿QDO GR DUPD]HQDPHQWR
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LGHQWL¿FRXVH FRP FDQHWD D SRUomR GR IUXWR FRP 03&
SHG~QFXORVXSHULRULQIHULRUHIXQGR(PFDVRGHG~YLGD
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EDWDWDGH[WURVHiJDU
Análise dos dados
$V LQFLGrQFLDV GD 03& QDV GLIHUHQWHV HWDSDV GR
EHQH¿FLDPHQWR WHPSRV GH DUPD]HQDPHQWR H DPRVWUDJHQV
IRUDP FRPSDUDGDV SRU PHLR GH WHVWH QmR SDUDPpWULFR GH
FRPSDUDomR GH P~OWLSODV SURSRUo}HV DR QtYHO GH GH
SUREDELOLGDGH=DU
$ LQFLGrQFLD GD 03& HP IUXWRV QmR EHQH¿FLDGRV
GH ODUDQMD µ9DOrQFLD¶ QR SDFNLQJKRXVH GH 0DWmR HP
IRL GH 2 SURFHVVR GH VHOHomR PDQXDO QR
EHQH¿FLDPHQWR UHGX]LX VLJQL¿FDWLYDPHQWH D LQFLGrQFLD
GH IUXWRV VLQWRPiWLFRV FRP ]HUR GH LQFLGrQFLD QR SDOHWH
)LJXUD $SyV GLDV GH DUPD]HQDPHQWR GRV
IUXWRV QmR EHQH¿FLDGRV DSUHVHQWDUDP VLQWRPDV GD 03&
,+)LVFKHUHWDO
a
2004
(WDSDVGREHQH¿FLDPHQWR
VLJQL¿FDWLYDPHQWH VXSHULRU DRV GD EDQFD H GR
SDOHWH(PDLQFLGrQFLDGD03&HPODUDQMDµ9DOrQFLD¶
¿FRX DEDL[R GH PHVPR HP IUXWRV QmR EHQH¿FLDGRV
DRV GLDV GH DUPD]HQDPHQWR QmR KDYHQGR GLIHUHQoD
VLJQL¿FDWLYD HQWUH DV GLIHUHQWHV HWDSDV GH EHQH¿FLDPHQWR
$VVLP FRPR HP QmR IRUDP REVHUYDGRV VLQWRPDV GD
03&HPIUXWRVFROHWDGRVQRSDOHWH)LJXUD-iHPWDQJRU
µ0XUFRWW¶ VLQWRPDV GD 03& IRUDP REVHUYDGRV DSHQDV HP
GRV IUXWRV QmR EHQH¿FLDGRV QmR VHQGR FRQVWDWDGR
DXPHQWR FRP R DUPD]HQDPHQWR H VLQWRPDV HP IUXWRV
FROHWDGRV QD EDQFD RX QR SDOHWH 1mR IRUDP REVHUYDGDV
GLIHUHQoDV VLJQL¿FDWLYDV QD LQFLGrQFLD GD 03& HQWUH DV
DPRVWUDJHQV GR DQR SDUD FDGD YDULHGDGH FtWULFD TXDQGR
FRQVLGHUDGR R WRWDO GH IUXWRV SRU DPRVWUDJHP GDGRV QmR
DSUHVHQWDGRV
1R SDFNLQJKRXVH GH (QJHQKHLUR &RHOKR R
EHQH¿FLDPHQWRQmRIRLH¿FLHQWHHPUHGX]LUD03&HPIUXWRV
FtWULFRV)LJXUDXPDYH]TXHDVHOHomRQmRpGLULJLGDSDUD
03& DSHQDV SDUD SRGULG}HV H RXWURV GHIHLWRV JURVVHLURV
(P D LQFLGrQFLD PpGLD GH IUXWRV FRP 03& QDV
GLIHUHQWHVHWDSDVIRLGHHPODUDQMDµ3rUD¶HP
ODUDQMDµ/LPD¶HPODUDQMDµ1DWDO¶HHPWDQJRU
µ0XUFRWW¶(PDLQFLGrQFLDPpGLDGD03&QDVPHVPDV
YDULHGDGHV FtWULFDV DXPHQWRX H[SUHVVLYDPHQWH DWLQJLQGR
H UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH $SyV GLDV
GH DUPD]HQDPHQWR REVHUYRXVH XP DXPHQWR PpGLR HGHIUXWRVFRP03&HPUHODomRDRSULPHLURGLDGH
HPODUDQMDµ3rUD¶HPODUDQMDµ/LPD¶HP
2005
Incidência (%)
FIG 1 - ,QFLGrQFLD GH ODUDQMD µ9DOrQFLD¶
FRP PDQFKD SUHWD GRV FLWURV HP GLIHUHQWHV
HWDSDV GR EHQH¿FLDPHQWR HP SDFNLQJKRXVH
GH 0DWmR 63 HP H DYDOLDGD H GLDV DSyV D FROHWD GRV IUXWRV 0pGLDV
VHJXLGDV GH PHVPD OHWUD GHQWUR GH FDGD
DQR QmR GLIHUHP HQWUH VL DR QtYHO GH GH
SUREDELOLGDGHVHJXQGRRWHVWHQmRSDUDPpWULFR
GHFRPSDUDomRGHP~OWLSODVSURSRUo}HV
ODUDQMDµ1DWDO¶HHPWDQJRUµ0XUFRWW¶)LJXUD(VWHV
DXPHQWRVQDLQFLGrQFLDGD03&FRPRDUPD]HQDPHQWRWDQWR
QRVIUXWRVGRSDFNLQJKRXVHGH0DWmRFRPRGH(QJHQKHLUR
&RHOKR QmR IRUDP VLJQL¿FDWLYRV SDUD QHQKXPD YDULHGDGH
FtWULFDDYDOLDGD0DLRUHVDXPHQWRVQDLQFLGrQFLDGDGRHQoD
IRUDP REVHUYDGRV TXDQGR D LQFLGrQFLD LQLFLDO HUD PDLRU
FRPRHPODUDQMDµ9DOrQFLD¶QRDQRGHFRPSDUDGRD
)LJXUDHQRVIUXWRVFtWULFRVEHQH¿FLDGRVHP(QJHQKHLUR
&RHOKRHPHPUHODomRD)LJXUD'LIHUHQoDV
VLJQL¿FDWLYDV QD LQFLGrQFLD GD 03& HQWUH DV DPRVWUDJHQV
IRUDPYHUL¿FDGDVSDUDDVUHVSHFWLYDVYDULHGDGHVFtWULFDVQRV
GRLVDQRVGHHVWXGRGHFRUUHQWHVGDVGLIHUHQWHVSURFHGrQFLDV
GRVIUXWRVHHYLGHQFLDQGRDLQWHQVLGDGHYDULiYHOGDGRHQoD
HQWUHRVSRPDUHVSDXOLVWDVGDGRVQmRDSUHVHQWDGRV
$LQFLGrQFLDGHIUXWRVFRP03&FRPHUFLDOL]DGRVQD
&HDJHVSIRLYDULiYHOHPIXQomRGDDPRVWUDJHPPHQVDOHGD
YDULHGDGHFtWULFDFRPXPVLJQL¿FDWLYRDXPHQWRQRVPHVHV
GD SULPDYHUD $V LQFLGrQFLDV PpGLDV GH ODUDQMDV µ3rUD¶ H
µ/LPD¶ H GH WDQJRU µ0XUFRWW¶ GRHQWHV IRUDP GH H UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH$RV GLDV GH DUPD]HQDPHQWR
REVHUYRXVHXPDXPHQWRPpGLRGHHHP
IUXWRVVLQWRPiWLFRVGHODUDQMDVµ3rUD¶Hµ/LPD¶HGHWDQJRU
µ0XUFRWW¶ UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH )LJXUD (PERUD QD PpGLD
HVWHV DXPHQWRV QmR WHQKDP VLGR VLJQL¿FDWLYRV R PHVPR
QmR RFRUUHX QDV DPRVWUDJHQV GH MXQKR DJRVWR H VHWHPEUR
HPODUDQMDµ/LPD¶FRPYDORUHVGHLQFLGrQFLDH
YH]HVVXSHULRUHVDRVLQLFLDLV
'LIHUHQWH GR PHUFDGR H[WHUQR RQGH QmR VH WROHUD
7URSLFDO3ODQW3DWKRORJ\-XO\$XJXVW
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D
B
C
Incidência (%)
A
FIG 2A.,QFLGrQFLDGHODUDQMDVµ3rUD¶B.µ/LPD¶C.µ1DWDO¶D.WDQJRUµ0XUFRWW¶FRPPDQFKDSUHWD
GRV FLWURV HP GLIHUHQWHV HWDSDV GR EHQH¿FLDPHQWR HP SDFNLQJKRXVH GH (QJHQKHLUR &RHOKR 63 HP H
DYDOLDGDHGLDVDSyVDFROHWDGRVIUXWRV0pGLDVVHJXLGDVGHPHVPDOHWUDGHQWURGHFDGDDQRQmR
GLIHUHPHQWUHVLDRQtYHOGHGHSUREDELOLGDGHVHJXQGRRWHVWHQmRSDUDPpWULFRGHFRPSDUDomRGHP~OWLSODV
SURSRUo}HV
IUXWRVFRP03&SRUVHUXPDEDUUHLUDVDQLWiULDRPHUFDGR
LQWHUQRpPHQRVH[LJHQWHXPDYH]TXHDPDLRULDGRVIUXWRV
FtWULFRVDSUHVHQWRXVLQWRPDV6HYHUDRFRUUrQFLDHQWUHWDQWR
LQXWLOL]D RV IUXWRV SDUD R FRPpUFLR LQ QDWXUD OLPLWDQGRVH
DSHQDVSDUDRSURFHVVDPHQWRGDLQG~VWULDGHVXFRFRQFHQWUDGR
7LPPHUHWDO$JXLODU9LOGRVRHWDO
0HGLGDV GHYHP VHU WRPDGDV SDUD UHGX]LU D
SRVVLELOLGDGH GH SUREOHPDV ¿WRVVDQLWiULRV H DR PHVPR
WHPSR PHOKRUDU R DVSHFWR YLVXDO GRV IUXWRV QR LQWXLWR
GH DXPHQWDU DV H[SRUWDo}HV EUDVLOHLUDV 9iULRV WUDEDOKRV
HVWmRVHQGRIHLWRVYLVDQGRLQLELUDH[SUHVVmRGRVVLQWRPDV
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