A OIT E A IGUALDADE DE GÉNERO NO MUNDO DO TRABALHO
Ministério do Trabalho e da Solidariedade Social
*DELQHWHGH(VWUDWpJLDH3ODQHDPHQWR*(30766
&DGHUQRV6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKR
&RRUGHQDomRGH$QWyQLR2OLYHLUDGDV1HYHV
3HULWRGR2EVHUYDWyULRGR(PSUHJRH)RUPDomR3URILVVLRQDO2()3
7UDEDOKRH5HODo}HV/DERUDLV
,PLJUDomRH0HUFDGRGH7UDEDOKR
'LPHQVmR6RFLDOH(PLJUDomR
)RUPDomR3URILVVLRQDO
&RPSHWLWLYLGDGH,QRYDomRH(PSUHJR
&RQIURQWDUD7UDQVIRUPDomR'HPRJUiILFD8PD1RYD6ROLGDULHGDGHHQWUH*HUDo}HV
3URWHFomR6RFLDO
,QWHJUDomRGDV3HVVRDVFRP'HILFLrQFLD
4XDGURVGH3HVVRDOH,QYHVWLJDomRHP(FRQRPLD
$SUHQGL]DJHPDR/RQJRGD9LGD
5HVSRQVDELOLGDGH6RFLDOGDV2UJDQL]Do}HV
,QRYDomR6RFLDO
&RPSHWrQFLDV
&ULDWLYLGDGHH,QRYDomR
$QiOLVH (FRQyPLFD FRP 'DGRV (PSUHJDGRU(PSUHVD(FRQRPLF $QDO\VLV 8VLQJ /LQNHG (PSOR\HU DQG
(PSOR\HH'DWD
$2,7HD,JXDOGDGHGH*pQHURQR0XQGRGR7UDEDOKR
&$'(512662&,('$'((75$%$/+21ž
A OIT E A IGUALDADE DE GÉNERO
NO MUNDO DO TRABALHO
0766*(3
/,6%2$
‹*DELQHWHGH(VWUDWpJLDH3ODQHDPHQWR*(3
0LQLVWpULRGR7UDEDOKRHGD6ROLGDULHGDGH6RFLDO0766
Cadernos Sociedade e Trabalho: A OIT e a Igualdade de Género no Mundo do Trabalho, 16
3ULPHLUDHGLomR0DUoRGH
,6%1
&RRUGHQDomR(GLWRULDOGH5HGDFomRHGH'LVWULEXLomR&HQWURGH,QIRUPDomRH'RFXPHQWDomR&,'
&RRUGHQDGRUD5HGDFWRULDO-~OLD&RVWD
$SRLR7pFQLFR$oXFHQD2OLYHQoD&RWULP&ULVWLQD&DEDoRGD0DWD
3HVTXLVD'RFXPHQWDOH7UDGXomR2,7±(VFULWyULRHP/LVERD
*(3&HQWURGH,QIRUPDomRH'RFXPHQWDomR&,'
3UDoDGH/RQGUHVž
/LVERD
7HO
)D[
(PDLOJHSFLG#JHSPWVVJRYSW
3iJLQDZZZJHSPWVVJRYSW
&DSD)HUQDQGR*XHUUHLUR*(3&,'
5HVHUYDGRVWRGRVRVGLUHLWRVSDUDDOtQJXDSRUWXJXHVD
GHDFRUGRFRPDOHJLVODomRHPYLJRUSRU0766*(3
*DELQHWHGH(VWUDWpJLDH3ODQHDPHQWR*(3
5XD&DVWLOKRž
/LVERD
7HO
)D[
3iJLQDZZZJHSPWVVJRYSW
Índice
$SUHVHQWDomR
0DULD+HOHQD$QGUp
$SUHVHQWDomR
$QWyQLR2OLYHLUDGDV1HYHV0DIDOGD7URQFKR
'D/HLj1RUPDWLYLGDGH6RFLDO&DPLQKDUSDUDD,JXDOGDGHGH*pQHUR
$GtOLD/LVERD$QD9LHLUD&ULVWLQD0RUDLV
$2,7HD,JXDOGDGHGH*pQHUR±8PD5HIOH[mR&UtWLFD
Odete Filipe
23DSHOGRV3DUFHLURV6RFLDLVQD3URPRomRGD,JXDOGDGHGH*pQHURQR7UDEDOKR
2(TXLOtEULRGH,QWHUHVVHV$SHUVSHFWLYDGD&,3
6RILD%DLmR+RUWD
$$FomRGD2,7SDUD&RQFUHWL]DUD,JXDOGDGHGH*pQHUR
Helena Robert, Teresa Paccetti
2,7±$QRVGH/XWDSHOD,JXDOGDGHQR7UDEDOKR
-RmR3URHQoD
1RV$UTXLYRVGD2,7«
$VVRFLDo}HV)HPLQLQDV$SUHVHQWDPDVVXDV5HLYLQGLFDo}HV
$OEHUWLQD-RUGmR
'D6RPEUDSDUDD/X]27UDEDOKR'RPpVWLFRHD2,7
0DQXHOD7RPHL
8PD5HFXSHUDomRGD&ULVHTXH$WHQGDj6LWXDomRGDV0XOKHUHV
%XUHDXSDUDD,JXDOGDGHGH*pQHUR2,7
3HVTXLVD%LEOLRJUiILFD7HPiWLFD
1RUPDV,QWHUQDFLRQDLVGR7UDEDOKR
'LYXOJDomR
5(&(16­2
$%&GRV'LUHLWRVGDV0XOKHUHV7UDEDOKDGRUDVHGD,JXDOGDGHGH*pQHUR
0DULD-RVHILQD/HLWmR
5HODWyULR7UDEDOKR'LJQRSDUDR7UDEDOKR'RPpVWLFR
6DQGUD5LEHLUR
$QH[R
&RS\ULJKWOIT
'LUHFWRU±*HUDO GD2,7(GZDUG -3KHODQ DVVLQDQGRD'HFODUDomRGH)LODGpOILDQD&DVD
%UDQFD:DVKLQJWRQQRGLDGH0DLRGH6HQWDGRVGDHVTXHUGDSDUDDGLUHLWDR
3UHVLGHQWHGRV(VWDGRV8QLGRVGD$PpULFD)UDQNOLQ'HODQR 5RRVHYHOW:DOWHU 1DVK H
( - 3KHODQ (P Sp GD HVTXHUGD SDUD D GLUHLWD R 6HFUHWiULR GH (VWDGR GRV (VWDGRV
8QLGRV GD $PpULFD &RUGHOO +XOO D 6HFUHWiULD GH (VWDGR GR 7UDEDOKR GRV (VWDGRV
8QLGRVGD$PpULFD)UDQFHV 3HUNLQV HR'LUHFWRUDGMXQWRGD2,7/LQGVD\ 5RGJHUV
Apresentação
0DULD+HOHQD$QGUp
0LQLVWUDGR7UDEDOKRHGD6ROLGDULHGDGH6RFLDO
Portugal e a OIT na Promoção da Igualdade de Oportunidades
$2UJDQL]DomR,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKR2,7GHVGHDVXDIXQGDomRHPWHP GHVHPSHQKDGR
XPSDSHOUHOHYDQWHQDHOHYDomRGDVFRQGLo}HVGHYLGDHGHWUDEDOKRSUHVVLRQDQGRRV*RYHUQRVDDWLQ
JLUXPDSRVWXUDGHSURJUHVVRQDVTXHVW}HVGRWUDEDOKR$WtWXORGHH[HPSORUHFRUGRDLQWURGXomRGDV
QRUPDVIXQGDPHQWDLVGRWUDEDOKRFRUHODERXUVWDQGDUGVHPHQRDQRVHJXLQWHDLQWURGXomR
GRFRQFHLWRGHWUDEDOKRGLJQRSDVVDQGRHVWDSUREOHPiWLFDDVHUFRQVLGHUDGDXPDUHIHUrQFLDQRPXQGR
GRWUDEDOKRHDPSODPHQWHGHEDWLGD
3RUWXJDOTXHFRPRVDEHPRVVHHQFRQWUDHQWUHRVPHPEURVIXQGDGRUHVGD2,7WHPSURFXUDGR
FRQWLQXDPHQWHWDQWRDWUDYpVGR*RYHUQRFRPRGRV3DUFHLURV6RFLDLVDFRPSDQKDUGHSHUWRDDFWLYLGD
GHGD2UJDQL]DomRHSUHVWDUOKHXPDFRODERUDomRDFWLYD
'HHQWUHDV GLIHUHQWHV RUJDQL]Do}HVLQWHUQDFLRQDLVD2,7SULPHLUDH~QLFDDJrQFLD WULSDUWLGD
GRVLVWHPDGDV1Do}HV8QLGDVGHVWDFDVHSHORVHXFRQWULEXWRDRQtYHOGDUHJXODomRJOREDOGRWUDED
OKR DWUDYpV GD SURPRomR DFWLYD GH IRUPDV GH QHJRFLDomR H GLiORJR SRVVLELOLWDQGR D HODERUDomR GR
DFWXDOPRGHORGHJRYHUQDomRGDVUHODo}HVODERUDLVDVVHQWHQRVSULQFtSLRVGRWULSDUWLVPRGRGLiORJR
VRFLDOHGDGHPRFUDFLDODERUDO
1RTXHFRQFHUQHD3RUWXJDOHVWD2UJDQL]DomRGHXXPFRQWULEXWRHVVHQFLDOSDUDDHVWDELOL]DomR
GRQRVVRVLVWHPDGHUHODo}HVODERUDLVVREUHWXGRDWUDYpVGDLQFRUSRUDomRGRVVHXVSULQFtSLRVQRUPDWL
YRVQDOHJLVODomRQDFLRQDO
$&RQVWLWXLomRGD2UJDQL]DomRH[SUHVVDYDMiRSULQFtSLRGD,JXDOGDGHGH2SRUWXQLGDGHV(VWH
SULQFtSLRIRLSRUpPUHDILUPDGRSRVWHULRUPHQWHQD'HFODUDomRGH)LODGpOILDDGRSWDGDSHOD&RQIHUrQ
FLD,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKRHPQRVVHJXLQWHVWHUPRV³7RGRVRVVHUHVKXPDQRVTXDOTXHUTXH
VHMDDVXDUDoDDVXDFUHQoDRXRVHXVH[RWrPRGLUHLWRGHHIHFWXDURVHXSURJUHVVRPDWHULDOHRVHX
GHVHQYROYLPHQWRHVSLULWXDOHPOLEHUGDGHHFRPGLJQLGDGHFRPVHJXUDQoDHFRQyPLFDHFRPRSRUWXQL
GDGHVLJXDLV´
1HVWH TXDGUR D DFomR GD 2,7 D IDYRU GD LJXDOGDGH GH RSRUWXQLGDGHV H GH WUDWDPHQWR HQWUH
PXOKHUHVHKRPHQVQRkPELWRQRUPDWLYRGDLQYHVWLJDomRHGDFRRSHUDomRWpFQLFDWHP YLQGRDVHU
DVVHJXUDGD QR TXDGUR WULSDUWLGR (VWD FDUDFWHUtVWLFD p XP GRV IDFWRUHV FKDYH QDV FRQTXLVWDV TXH DR
ORQJRGHWRGRHVWHWHPSRVHWrPYLQGRDFRQFUHWL]DUHPWRGRRPXQGRHWDPEpPHP3RUWXJDO
BBBBBBBBBB
$2,7($,*8$/'$'('(*e1(5212081'2'275$%$/+2&DGHUQRV6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRQžSS
0DULD+HOHQD$QGUp
$LJXDOGDGHGHJpQHURHRHPSRZHUPHQWGDVPXOKHUHVFRQVWLWXHPFRQGLo}HVHVVHQFLDLVSDUDXP
GHVHQYROYLPHQWRHILFD]HVXVWHQWiYHODVVLPFRPRSDUDDSURPRomRGHXPDHFRQRPLDPDLVGLQkPLFDH
PDLVMXVWD1RFRQWH[WRGD$JHQGDSDUDR7UDEDOKR'LJQRHGDYLVmRGD2,7QD'HFODUDomRGH
VREUH-XVWLoD6RFLDOSDUDXPD*OREDOL]DomR-XVWDD2UJDQL]DomRGLVWLQJXLXDLJXDOGDGHGHJpQHURHD
QmRGLVFULPLQDomRFRPRWHPDVWUDQVYHUVDLVDWRGDDVXDDFWLYLGDGH2GHEDWHJHUDOGD2,7HP
VREUH D ,JXDOGDGH GH JpQHUR QR FRQWH[WR GR WUDEDOKR GLJQR FRQVWLWXL XPD RSRUWXQLGDGH ~QLFD SDUD
SDVVDUjDFomRHRULHQWDUDVDVSLUDo}HVIXWXUDVGD2UJDQL]DomRSDUDDSURPRomRGDLJXDOGDGHGHJpQHUR
HRHPSRZHUPHQWGDVPXOKHUHVQRPXQGRGRWUDEDOKR
*RVWDULDGHPHDVVRFLDUjUHIOH[mRVREUHRVSURJUHVVRVUHDOL]DGRVRVGHVDILRVHQIUHQWDGRVSDUD
DOFDQoDUDLJXDOGDGHGHRSRUWXQLGDGHVHGHWUDWDPHQWRHVREUHRTXHIDOWDDLQGDID]HUSDUDSURPRYHU
XPD PDLRUFDSDFLWDomRHSDUWLFLSDomRGDVPXOKHUHVQRPXQGRGRWUDEDOKReRSRUWXQRUHFRQKHFHUD
OLGHUDQoD H SDUWLFLSDomR GH XP JUDQGH Q~PHUR GH PXOKHUHV TXH FRODERUDUDP QR IRUWDOHFLPHQWR GD
2UJDQL]DomR H TXH VH GHVWDFDUDP QD GHIHVD GRV GLUHLWRV GDV PXOKHUHV QR PHUFDGR GH WUDEDOKR HP
HVWUHLWDFRRSHUDomRFRPRVKRPHQVTXHDSRLDUDPDVXDFDXVD$VVXDVKLVWyULDVSHVVRDLVFRQWULEXHP
WDPEpPSDUDDKLVWyULDGDLQVWLWXLomR
*RVWDULDDLQGDGHQHVWDHGLomRPHMXQWDUWDPEpPjMXVWDKRPHQDJHPDWRGDVDVSRUWXJXHVDV
TXHSDUWLFLSDUDPQDV'HOHJDo}HVWULSDUWLGDVj&RQIHUrQFLD,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKR1RDQRHPTXH
VHUHDOL]DD&RQIHUrQFLD,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKRHVHFHOHEUDRFHQWHQiULRGDSULPHLUDFRPH
PRUDomRGR'LD,QWHUQDFLRQDOGD0XOKHUD2,7/LVERDDEUDoRXRGHVDILRGHFRODERUDUFRPR0LQLVWp
ULRGR7UDEDOKRHGD6ROLGDULHGDGH6RFLDOQDHGLomRGHVWH&DGHUQR7HPiWLFRLQLFLDWLYDTXH GLQDPL
]DPRVFRPJUDQGHHQWXVLDVPRHHQRUPHVDWLVIDomR(VWHpPDLVXPGHVDILRTXHPHDSUD]SDUWLOKDU
Apresentação
$QWyQLR2OLYHLUDGDV1HYHV
0DIDOGD7URQFKR
2V &DGHUQRV 6RFLHGDGH H7UDEDOKR H D 2,7/LVERD DVVRFLDUDPVH QD SUHSDUDomR H SXEOLFDomR GH XP 1~PHUR
GHGLFDGRDRSDSHOGDVPXOKHUHVQDFRQTXLVWDGHGLUHLWRVVRFLDLVHGRGLUHLWRGRWUDEDOKRQRPHDGDPHQWHDWUDYpV
GDVXDSDUWLFLSDomRDFWLYDQDV&RQIHUrQFLDV,QWHUQDFLRQDLVGR7UDEDOKR
$2,7/LVERDWHPYLQGRGHVGHDDEHUWXUDDDVVLQDODUR'LD,QWHUQDFLRQDOGD0XOKHUID]HQGRRQRTXD
GURGDTXHOHTXHpXPGRVREMHFWLYRVTXHSUHVLGLXjVXDLQVWDODomRHP3RUWXJDOUHIRUoRGRGLiORJRHPWRUQRGRV
YDORUHVGD2,7GDQGRDVVLPRVHXFRQWULEXWRSDUDDSURVVHFXomRGDDJHQGDGRWUDEDOKRGLJQRSDUDPXOKHUHVH
KRPHQV
$DFomRGD2,7DRORQJRGHPDLVGHDQRVHPIDYRUGDLJXDOGDGHGHRSRUWXQLGDGHVHGHWUDWDPHQWR
SDUDPXOKHUHVHKRPHQVQRkPELWRQRUPDWLYRGDLQYHVWLJDomRHGDFRRSHUDomRWpFQLFDWHPYLQGRDVHUDVVHJX
UDGDQRTXDGURWULSDUWLGR(VWDFDUDFWHUtVWLFDpXPGRVIDFWRUHVFKDYHQDVFRQTXLVWDVTXHQHVWHGRPtQLRDRORQ
JRGHWRGRHVWHWHPSRVHWrPYLQGRDFRQFUHWL]DUHPWRGRRPXQGReFRPRSURSyVLWRGHGDUDFRQKHFHUSDUWH
GHVVHWUDEDOKRTXHQHVWHGLDGH0DUoRDQRHPTXHVHUHDOL]DD&RQIHUrQFLD,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKRH
VHFHOHEUDRFHQWHQiULRGDSULPHLUDFRPHPRUDomRGR'LD,QWHUQDFLRQDOGD0XOKHUD2,7/LVERDDEUDoRXRGHVD
ILRGHFRODERUDUFRPR0LQLVWpULRGR7UDEDOKRHGD6ROLGDULHGDGH6RFLDOQDHGLomRGHVWH&DGHUQR7HPiWLFR
(VWDLQLFLDWLYDLQVFUHYHVHDLQGDHPGRLVSURMHFWRVTXHD2,7/LVERDWHPYLQGRDGHVHQYROYHU±2,73RUWXJDO
'LQkPLFDVGHXPD5HODomRH8QLYHUVLWDV±SHUPLWLQGRQmRVyGDUDFRQKHFHUQHVWDiUHDDUHODomRGD2,7FRP
3RUWXJDO PDV WDPEpP SURPRYHU R LQWHUHVVH SHOD LQYHVWLJDomR QHVWD WHPiWLFD QRPHDGDPHQWH TXDQWR DR SDSHO
GRVSDUFHLURVWULSDUWLGRVHGDVRUJDQL]Do}HVLQWHUQDFLRQDLVQDSURPRomRGDLJXDOGDGHHQWUHPXOKHUHVHKRPHQV
(VWDHGLomRpWDPEpPXPDMXVWDKRPHQDJHPDWRGDVDVSRUWXJXHVDVTXHSDUWLFLSDUDPQDV'HOHJDo}HVWULSDUWL
GDVj&RQIHUrQFLD,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKR
2 FRQMXQWR GH FRQWULEXWRV H[SUHVVRV QRV WH[WRV DGLDQWH SXEOLFDGRV YDORUL]D DV GLPHQV}HV HVVHQFLDLV GH
XPDWUDMHFWyULDGHDILUPDomRJUDGXDOGDFHQWUDOLGDGHGDWHPiWLFDGDLJXDOGDGHGHJpQHURQRPXQGRGRWUDEDOKR
FRPGHVWDTXHSDUD
BBBBBBBBBB
$2,7($,*8$/'$'('(*e1(5212081'2'275$%$/+2&DGHUQRV6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRQžSS
$QWyQLR2OLYHLUDGDV1HYHV0DIDOGD7URQFKR
L
LL
LLL
DVUHIHUrQFLDVDRHQYROYLPHQWRGRVSDUFHLURVVRFLDLVIUXWRGDUHVSHFWLYDSUR[LPLGDGHjVUHDOLGDGHVFRQ
FUHWDVGDVFRQGLo}HVGHWUDEDOKRHGHFRQWUDWDomRIRQWHIUHTXHQWHGHGHVLJXDOGDGHVGHGLUHLWRVGHUHQ
GLPHQWRHWF
DVFRPSRQHQWHVGRFXPHQWDLVFRPSUHHQGHQGRXPDFHUYRHQULTXHFLGRWDQWRGDVSDUWLFLSDo}HVGDVGHOH
JDo}HV WULSDUWLGDV QDFLRQDLV QDV &RQIHUrQFLDV GD 2,7 FRPR GD UHIHUrQFLD D SXEOLFDo}HV UHOHYDQWHV GD
2UJDQL]DomRGHVLJQDGDPHQWHHPPDWpULDGHGLUHLWRVGDVPXOKHUHVWUDEDOKDGRUDVHGHLJXDOGDGHGHJpQH
UR
D HYROXomR GDV &RQYHQo}HV GD 2,7 DGRSWDGDV DR ORQJR GD H[LVWrQFLD H DFWLYLGDGH SUiWLFD DFWXDQWH GD
2UJDQL]DomRUHIOHFWLQGRGHIRUPDH[SUHVVLYDXPDWUDQVLomRSRUYH]HVOHQWDHQWUHDVOyJLFDVHVWUXWXUDO
PHQWH SURWHFFLRQLVWDV GR SDVVDGR H DV OyJLFDV DFWLYDV TXH UHFRQKHFHP QD DFWXDOLGDGH D LJXDOGDGH GH
JpQHURFRPRUHTXLVLWRFKDYHQRFRQWH[WRGDDILUPDomRGH3ULQFtSLRVH'LUHLWRV)XQGDPHQWDLVGR7UDED
OKR
2V DGTXLULGRV GH XPD WUDMHFWyULD GH HYROXomR QmR UDUR FRQIOLWXDO H GH GLItFLO FRQVHQVXDOL]DomR HQFRQWUDPVH
UHIOHFWLGRV HP DOJXQV GRVWH[WRV VHJXLQWHV SURSRUFLRQDQGR LQIRUPDomR H UHIOH[}HV ULFDV VREUH XP SHUFXUVR GH
FRQTXLVWD GH GLUHLWRV TXH IUHTXHQWHPHQWH VH UHYHODUDP FRQWHPSRUkQHRV GDV JUDQGHV WUDQVIRUPDo}HV GR VpFXOR
;;HGpFDGDGRVpFXOR;;,GHTXHVmRH[HPSORDUHFRQVWUXomRHFRQyPLFDGRSyV,,*UDQGH*XHUUDDFRQV
WLWXLomR GDV 1Do}HV 8QLGDV D LQVWLWXFLRQDOL]DomR GR $QR ,QWHUQDFLRQDO GD 0XOKHU RX PDLV UHFHQWHPHQWH RV
PRYLPHQWRVGH*OREDOL]DomRHD$JHQGDGR7UDEDOKR'LJQRSURFHVVRV QRVTXDLVDSDUWLFLSDomRTXDOLILFDGDH
LQIOXHQWH GD 2UJDQL]DomR ,QWHUQDFLRQDO GR 7UDEDOKR VH UHYHORX XPD PDLVYDOLD SDUD D DILUPDomR GR GLUHLWR DR
WUDEDOKRHSDUDDSURPRomRGDLJXDOGDGHGHRSRUWXQLGDGHV
2VLQVWUXPHQWRVTXHUHIOHFWHPHVVDSDUWLFLSDomRTXDOLILFDGDHLQIOXHQWHRVTXDLVFRQVWLWXHPXPTXDGURGH
UHIHUrQFLDSDUDXPFRPEDWHSHUPDQHQWHHIUHTXHQWHPHQWHGHVLJXDOHPFRQMXQWXUDVHFRQWH[WRVVRFLHWDLVDGYHU
VRVLPSRUWDGHVWDFiORVmRIUXWRGHXPWUDEDOKRPHULWyULRGHSDUFHULDHQWUH*RYHUQRV&RQIHGHUDo}HV6LQGL
FDLVH3DWURQDLVHRUJDQL]Do}HVLQWHUQDFLRQDLV
(VVH IRL WDPEpP R HVStULWR VXEMDFHQWH j FRQVWUXomR GHVWH 1~PHUR GRV &DGHUQRV 6RFLHGDGH H 7UDEDOKR
WUDGX]LGRQR&RQYLWHjVGLIHUHQWHVHQWLGDGHVTXHHP3RUWXJDOGmRH[SUHVVmRDRSDUWHQDULDGRSDUDDDSUR[LPDomR
GDLJXDOGDGHGHRSRUWXQLGDGHVHQWUHKRPHQVHPXOKHUHVDSDUWLFLSDUFRPFRQWULEXWRVSUySULRVQHVWDSXEOLFDomR
GR0LQLVWpULRGR7UDEDOKRHGD6ROLGDULHGDGH6RFLDO
&RS\ULJKWOIT
'HOHJDGDVj  &RQIHUrQFLD,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKR
Da Lei à Normatividade Social: Caminhar para a
Igualdade de Género
$GtOLD/LVERD
&73
$QD9LHLUD
&&3
&ULVWLQD0RUDLV
&$3
Resumo | 1HVWHDUWLJRSUHWHQGHVHDERUGDUDHYROXomRGDLJXDOGDGHGHJpQHURRSDSHOGDVYiULDVLQVWkQFLDV
LQWHUQDFLRQDLV FRPXQLWiULDV H QDFLRQDLV HP HVSHFLDO GD 2,7 SDUD XPD SOHQD LJXDOGDGH HQWUH KRPHQV H
PXOKHUHV 3URFXURXVH WDPEpP DQDOLVDU D QHFHVVLGDGH GH SURVVHJXLU DERUGDJHQV FRPSOHPHQWDUHV
QRPHDGDPHQWHDLPSRUWkQFLDGHFRQMXJDUPHGLGDVOHJLVODWLYDVFRPRXWUDVLQLFLDWLYDVTXHYmRGHVGHDVSROtWLFDV
S~EOLFDVRULHQWDGDVSDUDHVWHREMHFWLYRDQtYHOGRVVLVWHPDVGHHGXFDomRHIRUPDomRDWpDDFo}HVHQYROYHQGRD
VRFLHGDGHFLYLOSURPRWRUDVGHERDVSUiWLFDVQHVWHGRPtQLR
Abstract | “From Legislation to Social Standards: Progressing Towards Gender Equality” 7KLV DUWLFOH
HQGHDYRXUVWRDGGUHVVWKHHYROXWLRQRIJHQGHUHTXDOLW\DQGWKHZRUNRIWKHGLIIHUHQWLQWHUQDWLRQDOFRPPXQLW\
DQG QDWLRQDO ERGLHV SDUWLFXODUO\ WKH ,QWHUQDWLRQDO /DERXU 2UJDQL]DWLRQ ,/2 WRZDUGV DFKLHYLQJ IXOO HTXDOLW\
EHWZHHQPHQDQGZRPHQ,WDOVRORRNVDWWKHQHHGWRSXUVXHVXSSOHPHQWDU\DSSURDFKHVLQFOXGLQJFRPELQLQJ
OHJLVODWLYHPHDVXUHVZLWKRWKHULQLWLDWLYHVVXFKDVSXEOLFSROLFLHVRQJHQGHUHTXDOLW\LQHGXFDWLRQDQGWUDLQLQJ
V\VWHPVDQGDFWLRQVLQYROYLQJFLYLOVRFLHW\DQGLQLWLDWLYHVWRVSUHDGJRRGSUDFWLFHLQJHQGHUHTXDOLW\
__________
A OIT E A IGUALDADE DE GÉNERO NO MUNDO DO TRABALHO, Cadernos
Sociedade e Trabalho, n.º 16, 2011, pp. 7-15
'$/(,¬1250$7,9,'$'(62&,$/&$0,1+$53$5$$,*8$/'$'('(*e1(52
Nota Prévia
$ERUGDURWHPDGDLJXDOGDGHGHJpQHURVHMDHPTXHGRPtQLRIRUGDYLGDVRFLDOHQmRVyQRPXQGRGDVUHODo}HV
ODERUDLV UHPHWHQRV R ROKDU SDUD DWUDMHFWyULD GDVPXOKHUHV DRORQJR GD KLVWyULDH FRPR HODV TXH SRUPXLWR
WHPSRIRUDPFRQVLGHUDGDVVHUHVLQIHULRUHVHLQFDSD]HVFRQVHJXLUDPUHLQYLQGLGDURVVHXVGLUHLWRVDWpDRVGLDVGH
KRMH &RP HIHLWR SDUD FRQVHJXLUHP VDLU GD LQYLVLELOLGDGH H GR HVSDoR FRQVLGHUDGR VHFXQGiULR IRL H p DLQGD
SUHFLVRHPPXLWRVFDVRVOXWDUHVLVWrQFLDHRUJDQL]DomR
5HILUDVHSRUpPGHVGHORJRTXHDVRFLHGDGHQHPVHPSUHIRLGHVLJXDOQRVHQWLGRGHRSUHVVmRVREUHDV
PXOKHUHV)RLFRPRHVWDEHOHFLPHQWRGRSDWULDUFDGRFRPRUHJLPHVRFLDOTXHDRSUHVVmRHDH[SORUDomRVREUHDV
PXOKHUHV VH FRQVWLWXtUDP H VH HQUDL]DUDP Mi TXH WHPSRV KRXYH HP TXH DV PXOKHUHV HUDP HQGHXVDGDV H
YHQHUDGDV VHQGR D VRFLHGDGH UHJLGD SRU XP VLVWHPD PDWULDUFDO $FUHVFHQWHVH GH UHVWR TXH VRE XPD
SHUVSHFWLYDKLVWyULFDRIHQyPHQRGDGHVLJXDOGDGHGHJpQHURGHVIDYRUiYHOjPXOKHUpXPIHQyPHQRUHFHQWH
0DV YROWDQGR j TXHVWmR GR FDPLQKR SHUFRUULGR SDUD D LJXDOGDGH GH JpQHUR SRU SDUWH GDV PXOKHUHV
VHPSUHGLUHPRVTXHVHDOXGLUPRVj³FRQVWUXomRGDLJXDOGDGHHQWUHKRPHQVHPXOKHUHV´WRUQDVHHYLGHQWHTXmR
LPSRUWDQWHV IRUDP RV SDVVRV GDGRV SHODV PXOKHUHV TXH VDEHP KRMH TXH SRGHP H VmR GLJQDV GH LJXDOGDGH
&RQWXGRWHUHPRVTXHUHFRQKHFHUTXHDLQGDTXHOHJDOPHQWHDLJXDOGDGHSRVVDHVWDUJDUDQWLGDVXEVLVWHPYiULDV
IRUPDVGHGLVFULPLQDomRLQGLUHFWDQDYLGDVRFLDO
I. Algumas Considerações sobre a Igualdade de Género
$ (P7HUPRV*OREDLV
$SHUFHEHPRQRVIDFLOPHQWHTXHHPSOHQRVpFXOR;;,H[LVWHDLQGDXPDPDQLIHVWDGHVLJXDOGDGHGHJpQHURQR
PXQGRJOREDOL]DGRHPPHQRURXPDLRUSURSRUomRFRQIRUPHRVSDtVHVHDVUHVSHFWLYDVFXOWXUDV$YHUGDGHp
TXHSDUDDOpPGHHQIUHQWDUHPDGLVFULPLQDomRVRFLDOHIDPLOLDUPXLWDVPXOKHUHVDLQGDOXWDPSDUDXOWUDSDVVDU
REVWiFXORVDRHPSUHJRTXHUQRVHFWRUIRUPDOTXHULQIRUPDO
'H UHVWR DV PXOKHUHV FRQVWLWXHP D QtYHO PXQGLDO D PDLRULD GD PmRGHREUD DJUtFROD H GDV
PXOKHUHV GR SODQHWD HIHFWXDP WUDEDOKR QmR UHPXQHUDGR RX PDO SDJR QD HFRQRPLD LQIRUPDO R TXH DV WRUQD
YXOQHUiYHLV HP WHUPRV ILQDQFHLURV H MXUtGLFRV $V SRSXODo}HV PDLV PDUJLQDOL]DGDV VmR SRU QRUPD DV PDLV
SREUHV±HGHQWURGDVPHVPDVDVPXOKHUHV
0XQGLDOPHQWHHDQtYHOGDWRPDGDGHGHFLVmRSROtWLFDDSHVDUGHXPDPDLRUSDUWLFLSDomRSDUODPHQWDUDV
PXOKHUHVHVWmRDLQGDORQJHGHFRQVHJXLURFXSDURVQtYHLVPDLVHOHYDGRVQRV*RYHUQRVGRV(VWDGRV(P-DQHLUR
GH HQWUH FKHIHV GH (VWDGR HUDP PXOKHUHV H HQWUH GRV &KHIHV GH *RYHUQRV GRV (VWDGRV
0HPEURVGDV1Do}HV8QLGDVHUDPPXOKHUHV'HXPDIRUPDJHUDODSHQDVGRVFDUJRVPLQLVWHULDLVGH
WRGRRPXQGRVmRDWULEXtGRVDPXOKHUHV([LVWHPSDtVHVTXHQmRWrPXPD~QLFDUHSUHVHQWDomRIHPLQLQDHP
SRVLo}HVJRYHUQDPHQWDLV
$GtOLD/LVERD$QD9LHLUD&ULVWLQD0RUDLV
1D 8QLmR (XURSHLD D VLWXDomR WHP HYROXtGR IDYRUDYHOPHQWH $R ORQJR GDV ~OWLPDV GpFDGDV IRUDP
GHVHQYROYLGDVLQLFLDWLYDVTXHUDRQtYHOOHJLVODWLYRTXHUGHDSRLRWpFQLFRFRPRDFULDomRGHUHGHVGHSHULWRVRXD
FULDomR GH SURJUDPDV ILQDQFHLURV TXH DSRLDP LQLFLDWLYDV QR GRPtQLR GD LJXDOGDGH $R QtYHO GRV VLVWHPDV GH
HQVLQRHYROXLXVHLJXDOPHQWHGHXPDIRUPDHIHFWLYDMiTXHDVHVFRODVWrPDEHUWRDVSRUWDVjVUDSDULJDVHTXDVH
WRGDVDVUHJL}HVFRQVHJXLUDPSURPRYHUFRPVXFHVVRDHGXFDomRSDUDRVH[RIHPLQLQR$HVFRODUL]DomRSULPiULD
GDVUDSDULJDVDXPHQWRXPDLVGRTXHDGRVUDSD]HVHPWRGDVDVUHJL}HVHPGHVHQYROYLPHQWRHQWUHH
6HJXQGR GDGRV GR (XURVWDW DV PXOKHUHV FRQVROLGDUDP QRV ~OWLPRV DQRV D VXD PDLRULD HQWUH RV HVWXGDQWHV
XQLYHUVLWiULRV HP WRGRV RV SDtVHV GD 8( H[FHSWR QD $OHPDQKD DSUHVHQWDQGR 3RUWXJDO XP Q~PHUR PXLWR
SUy[LPRGDPpGLDHXURSHLD
B. Em Portugal
$(YROXomR/HJLVODWLYDH&XOWXUDO
$LQGD DQWHV GD HQWUDGD GH 3RUWXJDO QD &(( R QRVVR SDtV KDYLD Mi GDGR SDVVRV LQRYDGRUHV QHVWD PDWpULD HP
SDUWLFXODUDSyVD5HYROXomRGHGH$EULOGHHPTXHRVGLUHLWRVGDVPXOKHUHVFRPHoDUDPDVHUHQFDUDGRV
GHIRUPDGLIHUHQWHGRTXHDWpDtYLQKDVXFHGHQGR
(PDWUDYpVGHXPGLSORPDTXHYLULDDVHUFRQKHFLGRFRPRD/HLGD,JXDOGDGHR'HFUHWR/HLQž
GHGH6HWHPEURRJRYHUQRSRUWXJXrVSURFXURXHUUDGLFDUDGHVLJXDOGDGHHQWUHKRPHQVHPXOKHUHVQR
PXQGRGRWUDEDOKRFRPSOHPHQWDQGRHVWDLQLFLDWLYDFRPDFULDomRGHXPD&RPLVVmRWULSDUWLGDD&RPLVVmRSDUD
D ,JXDOGDGH QR 7UDEDOKR H QR (PSUHJR HQFDUUHJDGD GH FRPEDWHU RV DFWRV GLVFULPLQDWyULRV (UD XP VLQDO
HYLGHQWHTXHVHTXHULDLUORQJHQDSURVVHFXomRGRREMHFWLYRDQXQFLDGR
(VWH IRL PDLV XP SDVVR QR VHQWLGR GD LJXDOGDGH SRUTXDQWR Mi WLQKDP VLGR GDGRV RXWURV SDVVRV
QRPHDGDPHQWHDGHPRFUDWL]DomRGRHQVLQRRFRUUHQGRXPDFUHVFHQWHHQWUDGDGDVPXOKHUHVQD8QLYHUVLGDGHDV
TXDLVYHULDPDVVXDVTXDOLILFDo}HVHOHYDGDVDXPSDWDPDUDWpDtUHVHUYDGRDRVH[RPDVFXOLQR$FUHGLWDYDVHTXH
FRPDFULDomRGHFRQGLo}HVGHLJXDOGDGHQRDFHVVRDRHQVLQRDLJXDOGDGHGHJpQHURVHULDDSHQDVXPDTXHVWmRGH
WHPSR&RQWXGRDUHDOLGDGHYLULDDGHPRQVWUDUTXHHVVDVXSRVLomRHUDGHPDVLDGRRSWLPLVWDHTXHKDYLDDLQGD
PXLWRFDPLQKRDSHUFRUUHU
6DOLHQWHVHFRQWXGRTXHRWHPDGD,JXDOGDGHHQWUHKRPHQVHPXOKHUHVHVWDQGRKiGpFDGDVQDDJHQGDGH
YiULDV 2UJDQL]Do}HV ,QWHUQDFLRQDLV FRPR D 218 D 2,7 D 2&'( H D &(( TXH SDUD DOpP GH LQLFLDWLYDV
FRQFUHWDV GHVWLQDGDV D HOLPLQDU D GLVFULPLQDomR GH JpQHUR KDYLDP SURGX]LGR DOJXQV WH[WRV H HVWXGRV VREUH
YiULRV DVSHFWRV UHODWLYRV D HVWD PDWpULD RQGH RV UHVSRQViYHLV SROtWLFRV GH HQWmR IRUDP ³EHEHU´ DV LGHLDV
LQRYDGRUDVHIUDQFDPHQWHYDQJXDUGLVWDVSDUDXPDVRFLHGDGHSDUWLFXODUPHQWHFRQVHUYDGRUDFRPRHUDDVRFLHGDGH
SRUWXJXHVDGHHQWmR$HYROXomRHDSUR[LPDomRHQWUHRHQTXDGUDPHQWRMXUtGLFRHDUHDOLGDGHVRFLDOIRLHpDLQGD
KRMHXPSURFHVVRPXLWRGHPRUDGRFRPRVXFHGHGHUHVWRHPWRGDVDVPDWpULDVGHQDWXUH]DFXOWXUDO
$YHUGDGHpTXHDH[LVWrQFLDGHXPDOHLHPGHWHUPLQDGRVHQWLGRQmRpVLQDOGHTXHDVFRLVDVVHSDVVHP
FRP D FRQVRQkQFLD GHVHMDGD QR TXRWLGLDQR GD YLGD VRFLDO Mi TXH VHPSUH H[LVWHP FRQGLo}HV H PHLRV SDUD VH
³LOXGLU´ D VXD DSOLFDomR ([LVWH D FKDPDGD QRUPDWLYLGDGH VRFLDO TXH QmR SRGHPRV LJQRUDU H TXH GHWHUPLQD D
UDSLGH]FRPTXHVHSRGHPFRQVWUXLURVDOLFHUFHVGHXPDLJXDOGDGHHQWUHKRPHQVHPXOKHUHV
$HYLGrQFLDGHTXHRSURFHVVRGH³FRQVWUXomR´GDSUHWHQGLGDLJXDOGDGHGHJpQHURpOHQWDHVWiQRVLPSOHV
IDFWRTXHUHIHULPRVSRUFXULRVLGDGHGHTXHIRUDPSUHFLVRVTXDVHGH]DQRVSDUDTXHVXUJLVVHR'HFUHWR/HLQž
GHGH1RYHPEURTXHYLULDDSOLFDURUHJLPHGR'HFUHWR/HLQžj$GPLQLVWUDomR3~EOLFD
)RUDPGHUHVWRYiULRVRVGLSORPDVDSURYDGRVSHORVYiULRVHVXFHVVLYRVJRYHUQRVTXHYLVDYDPPHOKRUDU
DVFRQGLo}HVFRQFUHWDVSDUDDLJXDOGDGHGHIDFWRHQWUHKRPHQVHPXOKHUHVQRWUDEDOKRHQRHPSUHJR
)LQDOPHQWH QR DFHVVR DR PXQGR GDV GHFLV}HV H GD SDUWLFLSDomR FtYLFD D &RQVWLWXLomR 3RUWXJXHVD
FRQVLJQDRGLUHLWRGHWRGRVRVFLGDGmRVD³WRPDUSDUWHQDYLGDSROtWLFDHQDGLUHFomRGRVDVVXQWRVS~EOLFRVGR
SDtV´ HVWDEHOHFHQGR SRU RXWUR ODGR TXH ³$ SDUWLFLSDomR GLUHFWD H DFWLYD GRV KRPHQV H GDV PXOKHUHV QD YLGD
SROtWLFD FRQVWLWXL FRQGLomR H LQVWUXPHQWR IXQGDPHQWDO GH FRQVROLGDomR GR VLVWHPD GHPRFUiWLFR GHYHQGR D OHL
'$/(,¬1250$7,9,'$'(62&,$/&$0,1+$53$5$$,*8$/'$'('(*e1(52
SURPRYHUDLJXDOGDGHQRH[HUFtFLRGRVGLUHLWRVFtYLFRVHSROtWLFRVHDQmRGLVFULPLQDomRHPIXQomRGRVH[RQR
DFHVVRDFDUJRVSROtWLFRV´
(P D /HL GD 3DULGDGH /HL 2UJkQLFD Qž GH GH $JRVWR DOWHUDGD SHOD 'HFODUDomR Qž
GHGH2XWXEURYHLRHVWDEHOHFHUTXHDVOLVWDVSDUDD$VVHPEOHLDGD5HS~EOLFDSDUDR3DUODPHQWR
(XURSHXHSDUDDVDXWDUTXLDVORFDLVVmRFRPSRVWDVGHPRGRDDVVHJXUDUDUHSUHVHQWDomRPtQLPDGHGHFDGD
XPGRVVH[RV
(VWD/HLVLJQLILFDXPDYLWyULDPDVDSHQDVVRERSRQWRGHYLVWDIRUPDOSDUDD'HPRFUDFLD3RUWXJXHVDH
SDUDRV'LUHLWRVGDV0XOKHUHVUHFRQKHFHQGRTXHDGHPRFUDFLDVyHVWDUiFRPSOHWDTXDQGRIRUUHSUHVHQWDGDSRU
DPERVRVVH[RV
,JXDOGDGHGH5HPXQHUDomRHQWUHKRPHQVHPXOKHUHVHP3RUWXJDO
7DOFRPRUHIHUH0DULDGR&pXGD&XQKD5rJRQRVHXHVWXGR³$FRQVWUXomRGDLJXDOGDGHGHKRPHQVHPXOKHUHV
QRWUDEDOKRHQRHPSUHJRQDOHLSRUWXJXHVD´LQ³(VWXGRV´FRPRWtWXOR³$LJXDOGDGHGH0XOKHUHVH+RPHQVQR
7UDEDOKRHQR(PSUHJRHP3RUWXJDO3ROtWLFDVH&LUFXQVWkQFLDV´HGLWDGRSHOD&,7(³>@VHDRVKRPHQVFDEHD
UHVSRQVDELOLGDGH SULQFLSDO GH VXVWHQWDU D IDPtOLD VmR RV KRPHQV TXH SULQFLSDOPHQWH GHYHP WHU GLUHLWR DR
WUDEDOKRUHPXQHUDGRVHjVPXOKHUHVFDEHDUHVSRQVDELOLGDGHSULQFLSDOGHFXLGDUGDIDPtOLDVmRDVPXOKHUHVTXH
SULQFLSDOPHQWHGHYHPWHUGLUHLWRDWHPSRSDUDRWUDEDOKRQmRUHPXQHUDGRTXHHVVHFXLGDGRLPSOLFD>@´
'XUDQWHPXLWRWHPSRIRLDVVLPHQWHQGLGRTXHDIXQomRSULQFLSDOGRKRPHPQDVRFLHGDGHHUDGHDUUDQMDU
PHLRV SDUD VDWLVID]HU DV QHFHVVLGDGHV GD VXD IDPtOLD SURYHQGR DR UHVSHFWLYR VXVWHQWR 3RU LVVR PHVPR D
UHPXQHUDomRDDWULEXLUDRKRPHPGHYHULDVHUVXSHULRUjGDPXOKHUQmRVySRUTXHWLQKDPXLWRPDLVHQFDUJRV
PDVWDPEpPSRUTXHVHHVWLYHVVHHPFDXVDWUDEDOKRQmRLQWHOHFWXDORKRPHPWLQKDPDLVSRVVLELOLGDGHVGHYLGRj
PDLRUIRUoDGHDVGHVHPSHQKDUPHOKRUHGXUDQWHPDLVWHPSR
$FUHVFHDLQGDTXHQR³(VWDGR1RYR´RWUDEDOKRGHSHQGHQWHSRUSDUWHGDPXOKHUFDVDGDQHFHVVLWDYDGH
DXWRUL]DomR GR RXWUR F{QMXJH 3RU FRQVHJXLQWH j PXOKHU FDVDGD HQFRQWUDYDVH YHGDGR R H[HUFtFLR GH XPD
DFWLYLGDGHSURILVVLRQDOSRUFRQWDGHRXWUpPVHPTXHHVWLYHVVHDXWRUL]DGDSHORVHXPDULGRSDUDRID]HURTXH
OLPLWDYDPXLWRDPXOKHUQDVXDFDSDFLGDGHDXWRQRPLDHLQGHSHQGrQFLD
7XGRLVWRDSHVDUGDOHLTXHHVWDEHOHFHDREULJDWRULHGDGHGHSDJDUXPVDOiULRLJXDOSDUDWUDEDOKRLJXDOWHU
VLGR SXEOLFDGD H WHU HQWUDGR HP YLJRU DQWHV GD 5HYROXomR GH $EULO GH DUWž ž GR 'HFUHWR/HL Qž
GHGH1RYHPEUR7RGDYLDWDOOHLYLJRUDYDQXPWHPSRHPTXHVHHQWHQGLDTXHRWUDEDOKRTXHHUD
SUHVWDGRSHORVKRPHQVQmRSRGLDVHUGHIRUPDDOJXPDHTXLSDUDGRDTXHOHTXHHUDSUHVWDGRSHODVPXOKHUHVSHOR
TXHDOHLQmRWLQKDTXDOTXHUDSOLFDomRSUiWLFDQDFRQFUHWL]DomRGDLJXDOGDGHVDODULDOHQWUHKRPHQVHPXOKHUHV
$ &RQYHQomR GD 2UJDQL]DomR ,QWHUQDFLRQDO GR 7UDEDOKR Qž GH UHVSHLWDQWH j LJXDOGDGH GH
UHPXQHUDomR HQWUH D PmRGHREUD PDVFXOLQD H D PmRGHREUD IHPLQLQD HP WUDEDOKR GH LJXDO YDORU YLQFXOD
3RUWXJDOQRTXHGL]UHVSHLWRjDGRSomRGHOHJLVODomRHSROtWLFDVS~EOLFDVGHFRPEDWHjVGHVLJXDOGDGHVVDODULDLVR
PHVPRDFRQWHFHQGRFRPD&DUWD6RFLDO(XURSHLD$RQtYHOQDFLRQDOD&RQVWLWXLomRGD5HS~EOLFD3RUWXJXHVD
JDUDQWHRGLUHLWRDVDOiULRLJXDOSDUDWUDEDOKRLJXDOQRVHQWLGRGHHYLWDUVLWXDo}HVGHGLVFULPLQDomRVDODULDOR
PHVPRDFRQWHFHQGRFRPGLYHUVRVLQVWUXPHQWRVQDFLRQDLVWDLVFRPRDOHLGDLJXDOGDGHHR&yGLJRGR7UDEDOKR
7DPEpP RV LQVWUXPHQWRV GH UHJXODPHQWDomR FROHFWLYD H D SUySULD DFomR GRV SDUFHLURV VRFLDLV WrP VLGR
GHWHUPLQDQWHVQRFRPEDWHjVGHVLJXDOGDGHVVDODULDLV
1mR REVWDQWH D FRQVDJUDomR GR SULQFtSLR GD LJXDOGDGH GH UHWULEXLomR HP LQVWUXPHQWRV LQWHUQDFLRQDLV H
LQWHUQDFLRQDLVDGHVLJXDOGDGHVDODULDOFRQWLQXDDUHJLVWDUVHHP3RUWXJDOWDOFRPRQRVGHPRQVWUDPRVGDGRVGRV
VDOiULRVSXEOLFDGRVSHOR,1('HDFRUGRFRPHVVHVGDGRVSRUH[HPSORQRVHFWRUDJUtFRODQD~OWLPDGpFDGDDV
PXOKHUHVJDQKDYDPHPPpGLDPHQRVGRTXHRVKRPHQV
$GtOLD/LVERD$QD9LHLUD&ULVWLQD0RUDLV
II. A OIT e a Igualdade de Género
$ (YROXomR
'HVGHDVXDFULDomRHPTXHD2,7YHPGHVHQYROYHQGRXPVpULRFRPEDWHjGHVLJXDOGDGHHQWUHKRPHQVH
PXOKHUHVQRPXQGRGRWUDEDOKR1HVVHVHQWLGRVmRLQ~PHUDVDVFRQYHQo}HVHUHFRPHQGDo}HVVREUHPDWpULDV
FRPRDSURWHFomRQDPDWHUQLGDGHLJXDOGDGHGHRSRUWXQLGDGHVSURWHFomRGDVPXOKHUHVHPWUDEDOKRQRFWXUQRH
RXWUDVPDWpULDVFRPUHVXOWDGRVUHOHYDQWtVVLPRVQDPDLRULDGRV(VWDGRVSDUDRUHFRQKHFLPHQWRGDLJXDOGDGHGH
JpQHUR'HIDFWRSRGHPRVDILUPDUTXHGHVGHDVXDFULDomRQmRGHFRUUHXXP~QLFRDQR VHPTXHD2,7WHQKD
SRUDOJXPDIRUPDGHLQWHUYHQomRDRVHXDOFDQFHSURPRYLGRDLJXDOGDGHGHJpQHURRXDSURWHFomRGRVGLUHLWRV
GD PXOKHU UHODWLYRV j PDWHUQLGDGH 'HVGH D SULPHLUD &RQIHUrQFLD ,QWHUQDFLRQDO GR 7UDEDOKR RFRUULGD HP
2XWXEUR GH HP :DVKLQJWRQ '& HP TXH IRUDP DSURYDGDV VHLV &RQYHQo}HV GXDV GDV TXDLV VREUH D
VLWXDomRGDPXOKHUSURLELQGRRWUDEDOKRQRFWXUQRGDVPHVPDVHJDUDQWLQGRDSURWHFomRGDPDWHUQLGDGHSDUDDV
WUDEDOKDGRUDVDWpDRVQRVVRVGLDV
&RPDGHILQLomRGDPLVVmRGD2,7SHOR'LUHFWRU*HUDO-XDQ6RPDYLDTXHLQFOXLXPIRUWHFRPSURPLVVR
QD FRQFUHWL]DomR GD LJXDOGDGH GH JpQHUR DOJR TXH WHP VLGR FRQFUHWL]DGR DWUDYpV GH XP PDLRU QtYHO GH
UDWLILFDomRGDVFRQYHQo}HVQRGRPtQLRGDLJXDOGDGHPXLWRWHPVLGRIHLWRHFRPLPSDFWRVUHDLVHUHOHYDQWHVD
QtYHOJOREDOQHVWHGRPtQLR
,JXDOPHQWH D H[SDQVmR GH SURMHFWRV H SURJUDPDV GH FRRSHUDomR WpFQLFD QR kPELWR GD 2,7 VREUH HVWD
PDWpULDWHPGDGRLJXDOPHQWHIUXWRVPXLWRSRVLWLYRVQDGLIXVmRHHVWXGRGRVSUREOHPDVTXHVXEVLVWHPHVREUHDV
FDXVDVTXHOKHVHVWmRVXEMDFHQWHV
B. A Importância da declaração da OIT sobre os princípios e direitos fundamentais no trabalho na
promoção da igualdade de género
&RPRMiVHUHIHULXD2,7WHPXPDKLVWyULDDVVRFLDGDjVTXHVW}HVGDLJXDOGDGHHDRSDSHOGDPXOKHU
QRPXQGRGRWUDEDOKRH[SUHVVDGHVGHORJRQDVXDFRQVWLWXLomRHDLQGDQHVVHDQRQDDGRSomR
GDFRQYHQomRQžVREUHSURWHFomRQDPDWHUQLGDGH
1D GpFDGD GH GHUDPVH SDVVRV VLJQLILFDWLYRV QD DERUGDJHP GDV TXHVW}HV GD LJXDOGDGH FRP D DGRSomR GD
FRQYHQomRVREUHLJXDOGDGHGHUHPXQHUDomRHGDFRQYHQomRVREUHGLVFULPLQDomRHPPDWpULDGH
HPSUHJRHSURILVVmR
1RHQWDQWRXPVDOWRTXDOLWDWLYRIRLGDGRHPFRPD'HFODUDomRGD2,7VREUHSULQFtSLRVHGLUHLWRV
IXQGDPHQWDLV QR WUDEDOKR H DR VHX VHJXLPHQWR DGRSWDGD GXUDQWH D &RQIHUrQFLD ,QWHUQDFLRQDO GR 7UDEDOKR QD
5HXQLmR*HQHEUDGH-XQKRGH
&RP HIHLWR FRP HVWD 'HFODUDomR JDUDQWHVH QmR Vy TXH RV (VWDGRV0HPEURV GD 2,7 DVVXPHP
LQGHSHQGHQWHPHQWH GDUDWLILFDomR GDV FRQYHQo}HV XP FRPSURPLVVR GH UHVSHLWDUH GHVHQYROYHU RVSULQFtSLRV
UHODWLYRVDRVGLUHLWRVIXQGDPHQWDLVQRPHDGDPHQWHRGDHOLPLQDomRGDGLVFULPLQDomRHPPDWpULDGHHPSUHJRH
SURILVVmR 0DV HVWD 'HFODUDomR VLJQLILFD LJXDOPHQWH XP HPSHQKDPHQWR DFUHVFLGR GD 2,7 DWUDYpV
QRPHDGDPHQWH GD DVVLVWrQFLD WpFQLFD DRV (VWDGRV GD DGRSomR GH XP PHFDQLVPR VLPSOLILFDGR TXH SHUPLWH R
DFRPSDQKDPHQWR GDV VLWXDo}HV HP TXH QmR KRXYH UDWLILFDomR GH DOJXPD RX DOJXPDV GDV FRQYHQo}HV
6mR QRPHDGDPHQWH DV VHJXLQWHV DV FRQYHQo}HV TXH SURWHJHP HVSHFLILFDPHQWH D PXOKHU QR WUDEDOKR &RQYHQomR Qž SURWHFomR GD PDWHUQLGDGH &RQYHQomR Qž WUDEDOKR QRFWXUQR PXOKHUHV &RQYHQomR Qž 5HYLVmR GD &RQYHQomR
VREUH R WUDEDOKR QRFWXUQR &RQYHQomR Qž VREUH R WUDEDOKR VXEWHUUkQHR PXOKHUHV &RQYHQomR 1ž VREUH R
WUDEDOKR QRFWXUQR PXOKHUHV &RQYHQomR Qž VREUH D LJXDOGDGH GH UHPXQHUDomR &RQYHQomR Qž UHYLVmR GD
&RQYSURWHFomRGDPDWHUQLGDGH&RQYHQomRQžVREUHDGLVFULPLQDomRHPSUHJRHSURILVVmR
&RQYHQomRQžVREUHWUDEDOKDGRUHVFRPUHVSRQVDELOLGDGHVIDPLOLDUHV&RQYHQomRQžVREUHRWUDEDOKRQRFWXUQR
&RQYHQomRQž6REUHSURWHFomRQDPDWHUQLGDGH
'$/(,¬1250$7,9,'$'(62&,$/&$0,1+$53$5$$,*8$/'$'('(*e1(52
IXQGDPHQWDLV H D H[LVWrQFLD GH UHODWyULRV JOREDLV TXH DEUDQJHP HP FDGD DQR XPD GDV TXDWUR FDWHJRULDV GH
SULQFtSLRVHGLUHLWRVIXQGDPHQWDLV
8P SULPHLUR LQGLFDGRU GD LPSRUWkQFLD GHVWD GHFODUDomR SUHQGHVH FRP R Q~PHUR VLJQLILFDWLYR GH
UDWLILFDo}HVGDVFRQYHQo}HVHRFRUULGDVGHVGH
'HVGHDDGRSomRGDGHFODUDomRPXLWRVRXWURVLQVWUXPHQWRVFRPLPSOLFDo}HVQRWHPDHPDQiOLVHIRUDP
DGRSWDGRV GHVGH D FRQYHQomR VREUH SURWHFomR QD PDWHUQLGDGH D UHFRPHQGDo}HV D UHVROXo}HV
GHVLJQDGDPHQWHDDSURYDGDHPVREUHDSURPRomRGDLJXDOGDGHGHJpQHURGDLJXDOGDGHGHUHPXQHUDomRH
GD SURWHFomR GD PDWHUQLGDGH 2XWUDV LQLFLDWLYDV HPEOHPiWLFDV IRUDP GHVHQYROYLGDV FRPR D SULPHLUD DXGLWRULD
SDUWLFLSDWLYDGHJpQHURQD2,7RXDLQFOXVmRGDVTXHVW}HVGHJpQHURQDFRRSHUDomRWpFQLFD0DV
VHP G~YLGD TXH R FRPSURPLVVR SROtWLFR HP WRUQR GD 'HFODUDomR H SULQFLSDOPHQWH R VHJXLPHQWR SUHYLVWR
WLYHUDPHWrPXPVLJQLILFDGRHXPDIRUoDDFUHVFLGD
(P SDUWLFXODU RV UHODWyULRV JOREDLV VREUH GLVFULPLQDomR QR WUDEDOKR WrPVH UHYHODGR XP LQVWUXPHQWR
LPSRUWDQWHSDUD*RYHUQRVHSDUFHLURVVRFLDLVQRFRPEDWHjVGHVLJXDOGDGHVQmRVySHORVUHVXOWDGRVGLDJQyVWLFRV
TXHDSUHVHQWDPPDVWDPEpPRXSULQFLSDOPHQWHSHODQHFHVVLGDGHGHUHVSRVWDTXHLPS}HPQmRVyDRV(VWDGRV
0HPEURVPDVWDPEpPjSUySULD2,7
(VWHVUHODWyULRVWrP DLQGDGXDV RXWUDV YLUWXDOLGDGHV $ SULPHLUDp TXH SHUPLWHP DMXVWDUD FRPSUHHQVmR
GRV LQVWUXPHQWRV GHVLJQDGDPHQWH GDV FRQYHQo}HV GD 2,7 j OX] GH QRYDV UHDOLGDGHV (P FRQFUHWR SHUPLWHP
LQWURGX]LUXPDQRYDYLVmRGRVSUREOHPDVHWDPEpPGDVVROXo}HVjPHGLGDTXHDVVRFLHGDGHVVHWUDQVIRUPDP
2VUHODWyULRVJOREDLVGHHLQWLWXODGRV ³$KRUDGDLJXDOGDGHQRWUDEDOKR´H³,JXDOGDGHQR
WUDEDOKR(QIUHQWDURVGHVDILRV´VmRGLVVRLOXVWUDWLYRVDRLQWURGX]LUHPDVTXHVW}HVUHODWLYDVDQRYDVIRUPDVGH
GLVFULPLQDomRRXIRUPDVHPHUJHQWHVGHGLVFULPLQDomR
&RPHIHLWRDPERVRVUHODWyULRVDQDOLVDPQRYDVIRUPDVGDGLVFULPLQDomRQmRPHQFLRQDGDVH[SUHVVDPHQWH
QD FRQYHQomR FRPR D LGDGH ± GLVFULPLQDomR FRQWUD RV WUDEDOKDGRUHV MRYHQV RX GLVFULPLQDomR FRQWUD
WUDEDOKDGRUHVPDLVYHOKRV
2VHJXQGRUHODWyULRDSUHVHQWDDLQGDIRUPDVHPHUJHQWHVGHGLVFULPLQDomRFRPRDGLVFULPLQDomRJHQpWLFD
RXDGLVFULPLQDomRFRPEDVHQRHVWLORGHYLGD
(VWDV DERUGDJHQV SHUPLWHP HQULTXHFHU H DFWXDOL]DU DV FRQYHQo}HV GD 2,7 j OX] GDV QRYDV UHDOLGDGHV H
FRQWULEXHPSDUDPDQWHUYiOLGRRQRUPDWLYRH[LVWHQWH
8PDRXWUDYLUWXDOLGDGHGRSURFHVVRVHJXLPHQWRSUHYLVWRHHPFRQFUHWRGHVWHVUHODWyULRVJOREDLVSUHQGH
VHFRPDYLVLELOLGDGHTXHHVWHVGRFXPHQWRVFRQVHJXHPDOFDQoDU
1RUPDOPHQWH DV FRQIHUrQFLDV DQXDLV GD 2,7 VmR XP SRQWR DOWR H XPD RSRUWXQLGDGH SDUD D 2,7 GDU D
FRQKHFHUHVHQVLELOL]DUDRSLQLmRS~EOLFDSDUDXPFRQMXQWRGHTXHVW}HVFHQWUDLVUHODWLYDVDRPXQGRGHWUDEDOKR
PDV WDPEpP D DSUHVHQWDomR GHVWHV UHODWyULRV H HP HVSHFLDO D PHQVDJHP GR 'LUHFWRU*HUDO HP WRUQR GRV
PHVPRVWrPXPLQGLVFXWtYHOLPSDFWRDQtYHOPXQGLDOTXHQmRGHYHVHUPHQRVSUH]DGR
1RYDV$ERUGDJHQV
2 UHODWyULR GH DSRQWD FRPR QRYDV DERUGDJHQV SDUD DOFDQoDU DLJXDOGDGH QR ORFDO GHWUDEDOKR QRPHDGD
PHQWH D QHFHVVLGDGH GH FRQMXJDU PHGLGDV OHJLVODWLYDV FRP RXWUDV LQLFLDWLYDV RX LQVWUXPHQWR EHP FRPR D
LPSRUWkQFLDGHLQFOXLURVSULQFtSLRVHGLUHLWRVIXQGDPHQWDLVQRVDFRUGRVLQWHUQDFLRQDLV
$ QHFHVVLGDGH GH FRQMXJDU PHGLGDV GH GLIHUHQWH FDUL] p GH IDFWR GH XPD DERUGDJHP QHFHVViULD
SDUDUHVSRQGHUDRVSUREOHPDVTXHDLQGDVXEVLVWHPHPPDWpULDGHLJXDOGDGHGHJpQHURSHORPHQRV
QRVSDtVHVGD8QLmR(XURSHLDXPDYH]TXHRTXDGUROHJDOpMiVXILFLHQWHPHQWHDEUDQJHQWH7UDWD
VHQHVWDIDVHGHHQFRQWUDURXWURVLQVWUXPHQWRVTXHSRVVDPVHQVLELOL]DUHLQIOXHQFLDUWRGRVRVLQWHU
YHQLHQWHV SDUD D QHFHVVLGDGH GH VH FRPEDWHUHP WRGDV DV IRUPDV GH GLVFULPLQDomR LQFOXLQGR D GH
JpQHUR
$GtOLD/LVERD$QD9LHLUD&ULVWLQD0RUDLV
(P3RUWXJDOVmRYiULDVDVSROtWLFDVS~EOLFDVGLULJLGDVSDUDHVVHREMHFWLYRQRPHDGDPHQWHDRQtYHOGRVVLVWHPDV
GHHGXFDomRHIRUPDomR2XWUDVLQLFLDWLYDVWrPVLGRGHVHQYROYLGDVHPFRQMXQWRSRURUJDQLVPRVS~EOLFRVHSDU
FHLURVVRFLDLVYLVDQGRVHQVLELOL]DUHPSUHVDVHWUDEDOKDGRUHVSDUDDVTXHVW}HVGDLJXDOGDGHGHJpQHUR
7rPLJXDOPHQWHVLGRDGRSWDGRVFyGLJRVGHFRQGXWDTXHLQFRUSRUDPHVWDVTXHVW}HVFRPRVHMDRFyGLJRGH
pWLFD SDUD R FRPpUFLR H VHUYLoRV TXH H[SUHVVDPHQWH UHIHUH TXH ³VHUmR SURPRYLGRV HVIRUoRV HVSHFLDLV SDUD
JDUDQWLUDSOHQDLJXDOGDGHGHRSRUWXQLGDGHVDWRGRVDVRVDVTXHFRODERUHPFRPDVHPSUHVDVFRPEDWHQGRGH
IRUPDSHUVLVWHQWHTXDLVTXHUIRUPDVGHGLVFULPLQDomR´7DPEpPR&yGLJRGHeWLFDGD$VVRFLDomR3RUWXJXHVD
GDV(PSUHVDVGR6HFWRU3ULYDGRGH(PSUHJRHOHJHFRPRQRUPDIXQGDPHQWDOSDUDRH[HUFtFLRGDDFWLYLGDGHGH
WUDEDOKRWHPSRUiULRQmRID]HUTXDOTXHUWLSRGHGLVFULPLQDomRQRPHDGDPHQWHGHJpQHURDRVVHXVWUDEDOKDGRUHV
$R QtYHO GD FRQWUDWDomR FROHFWLYD VH p YHUGDGH TXH QD JHQHUDOLGDGH QmR VH HQFRQWUDP FRQWH~GRV
LQRYDWyULRV QR TXH VH UHIHUH j LJXDOGDGH GH JpQHUR H FRPEDWH j GLVFULPLQDomR DVVLVWLXVH DSHVDU GH WXGR DR
DMXVWDPHQWRGRFRQWH~GRGRVFRQWUDWRVjOHJLVODomRHPYLJRU
3RUH[HPSORGXUDQWHPXLWRVDQRVHDWpDV&RQYHQo}HV&ROHFWLYDVGH7UDEDOKRSDUDD$JULFXOWXUD
SRVVXtDPQRILQDOGDWDEHODGXDVFDWHJRULDVGHWUDEDOKDGRUHVLQGLIHUHQFLDGRVR7UDEDOKDGRU$JUtFRODGHQtYHO$
HR7UDEDOKDGRU$JUtFRODGHQtYHO%TXHUHJLVWDYDPXPDGLIHUHQoDVDODULDOHPERUDPXLWRSHTXHQD$SHVDUGH
QXQFDWHUVLGRUHIHULGRH[SUHVVDPHQWHHUDSUiWLFDFRUUHQWHDDWULEXLomRGDFDWHJRULDGH7UDEDOKDGRU$JUtFRODGH
QtYHO%jVPXOKHUHVFXMDUHPXQHUDomRHUDLQIHULRUjGR7UDEDOKDGRU$JUtFRODGHQtYHO$SRUVHHQWHQGHUTXHR
WUDEDOKRDJUtFRODHUDPXLWRH[LJHQWHGRSRQWRGHYLVWDItVLFRHTXHRVKRPHQVWLQKDPXPDPDLRUFDSDFLGDGHGH
UHVLVWrQFLD H GH WUDEDOKR +RMH WDO SUiWLFD HQFRQWUDVH HUUDGLFDGD PDV FRQVWLWXL XP SHTXHQR H[HPSOR TXH HP
WHPSRVH[LVWLXGHGHVLJXDOGDGHVDODULDOTXHHUDSUiWLFDFRUUHQWHPDVTXHIRLDEROLGDFRQJUDWXODQGRVHD&$3
FRPRVHXGHVDSDUHFLPHQWR
8PDRXWUDDERUGDJHPDSRQWDGDSHOD2,7QRUHODWyULRJOREDOGHSUHQGHVHFRPDLQFOXVmRGH
SULQFtSLRV H GLUHLWRV IXQGDPHQWDLV QRV DFRUGRV GH LQWHJUDomR HFRQyPLFD UHJLRQDO H GH FRPpUFLR
OLYUH
7UDWDVHGHXPDDERUGDJHPLQGLVSHQViYHOHTXHGHYHVHUDSURIXQGDGDSHOD2,7
&RPHIHLWRQHVWHTXDGURGHPXGDQoDD2,7SRGHUiGDUXPFRQWULEXWRGHVHQYROYHQGRSROtWLFDVDUWLFXOD
GDVFRPRXWUDVRUJDQL]Do}HVLQWHUQDFLRQDLVHPGRPtQLRVFRPRRGDSURPRomRGHXPDOLEHUDOL]DomRGRFRPpU
FLRLQWHUQDFLRQDODVVHQWHHPFRQGLo}HVGLJQDVGHWUDEDOKRHHPHPSUHVDVpWLFDHVRFLDOPHQWHUHVSRQViYHLV
$PHOKRULDGDVFRQGLo}HVGHWUDEDOKRGDVPXOKHUHVSDVVDVHPG~YLGDWDPEpPSRUHVWDYHUWHQWHPDVHVWD
TXHVWmRWHPLPSOLFDo}HVPDLVSURIXQGDVQRPHDGDPHQWHQDFDSDFLGDGHFRPSHWLWLYDGHSDtVHVRXGHEORFRVFRPR
R GD 8QLmR (XURSHLD $ FDSDFLGDGH FRPSHWLWLYD GD 8QLmR (XURSHLD HP JHUDO H GH 3RUWXJDO HP SDUWLFXODU
GHSHQGHUi HP JUDQGH PHGLGD GD FDSDFLGDGH GH XP FRQMXQWR GH RUJDQL]Do}HV GHVLJQDGDPHQWH GD 2,7 SDUD
HOHYDUHPRVSDGU}HVHPTXHVHGHVHQYROYHDDFWLYLGDGHHFRQyPLFDQXPVLJQLILFDWLYRQ~PHURGHSDtVHV
III. Em Conclusão
0XLWRVHWHPSURFXUDGRID]HUSDUDDVVHJXUDUXPDLJXDOGDGHSOHQDGHJpQHURDRQtYHOQDFLRQDOFRPXQLWiULRRX
LQWHUQDFLRQDO PHUHFHQGR DTXL XPD UHIHUrQFLD D &('$: &RQYHQomR VREUH WRGDV DV IRUPDV GH GLVFULPLQDomR
FRQWUDDVPXOKHUHVDGRSWDGDHPSHOD$VVHPEOHLD*HUDOGDV1Do}HV8QLGDVTXHpPXLWDVYH]HVGHVFULWD
FRPRD&DUWD,QWHUQDFLRQDOGRV'LUHLWRVGDV0XOKHUHV
6HP GHVYDORUL]DU D LPSRUWkQFLD LQHJiYHO GD LQIOXrQFLD GH WRGDV HVVDV PHGLGDV Ki TXH UHFRQKHFHU
FRQWXGRTXHPXLWRWHUiDLQGDTXHVHUIHLWRQmREDVWDQGRPHGLGDVOHJLVODWLYDVTXHVmRSRUQDWXUH]DYLROiYHLV
VHQGRQHFHVViULRSURPRYHUSRUWRGDVDVIRUPDVDPXGDQoDGHPHQWDOLGDGHV
5HILUDVH TXH PHVPR QDV VRFLHGDGHV GLWDV GHVHQYROYLGDV Ki H[HPSORV GH TXH R GHEDWH LQLFLDGR QRV
~OWLPRVFHPDQRVHVWiORQJHGHDFDEDU3RUH[HPSORDLQGDUHFHQWHPHQWHR3UHVLGHQWHGDSUHVWLJLRVD+DUYDUG
'$/(,¬1250$7,9,'$'(62&,$/&$0,1+$53$5$$,*8$/'$'('(*e1(52
8QLYHUVLW\IH]DOJXQVFRPHQWiULRVVREUHDVPXOKHUHVWHUHPGHQDVFHQoDPHQRVFDSDFLGDGHVFRPRFLHQWLVWDV$
DXWRULGDGH TXH DFRPSDQKD HVWH SRVWR H R FDUiFWHU S~EOLFR GHVVH FRPHQWiULR IH] FRP TXH JpQHUR YROWDVVH D
RFXSDU XP OXJDU GH GHVWDTXH HP YiULDV GLVFXVV}HV QRV PHGLD 'H UHSHQWH HVWiYDPRV PDLV XPD YH] jV YROWDV
FRP TXHVW}HV EiVLFDV TXH PDUFDUDP DV OXWDV IHPLQLVWDV GR FRPHoR GR VpFXOR ;; SDUD UHFRQKHFLPHQWR GD
LJXDOGDGHHQWUHPXOKHUHVHKRPHQV
7HPRVDVVLPXPSHUFXUVRTXHVHQGRGHLQHJiYHLVSURJUHVVRVH[LJHXPDDWHQomRHHVIRUoRVFRQWLQXDGRV
XPD YH] TXH QHVWD FRPR QRXWUDV PDWpULDV RV SUREOHPDV PXLWDV YH]HV QmR GHVDSDUHFHP VLPSOHVPHQWH VH
WUDQVIRUPDP
$RORQJRGRVDQRVD2,7WHPVHDMXVWDGRDRVQRYRVGHVDILRVGHVHPSHQKDQGRXPSDSHOIXQGDPHQWDOQD
HUUDGLFDomRGDVGLIHUHQoDVVDODULDLVHGDSURPRomRGDLJXDOGDGH$SDUWLFLSDomRQD&,7RQGHHPYiULDVVHVV}HV
VHGHEDWHXDLPSRUWkQFLDGDLJXDOGDGHGHJpQHURSHUPLWHFRQVWDWDURHPSHQKDPHQWRHRHVIRUoRQHVWDPDWpULD
A OIT e a Igualdade de Género – Uma Reflexão Crítica
2GHWH)LOLSH
&*73,1
Resumo | $2,7DVVXPLXDRORQJRGDVXDKLVWyULDXPSDSHOSUHSRQGHUDQWHQDOXWDSHORVGLUHLWRVGDVPXOKH
UHVHSHODLJXDOGDGHGHRSRUWXQLGDGHVHGHWUDWDPHQWR
$FWXDOPHQWHRUHIRUoRGRSDSHOGD2,7HGRVHXSURWDJRQLVPRLQWHUQDFLRQDOQDGHIHVDGRVGLUHLWRVHSULQFt
SLRV IXQGDPHQWDLV GR WUDEDOKR H GRV REMHFWLYRV LQFOXtGRV QR FRQFHLWR GH WUDEDOKR GLJQR HQWUH RV TXDLV VH
FRQWDDLJXDOGDGHGHJpQHURVmRIXQGDPHQWDLVSDUDDFRQFUHWL]DomRGRVREMHFWLYRVLQWHUQDFLRQDLVQHVWDiUHD
$VVLP FRPSHWH j 2,7 FRQWLQXDU H DODUJDU D VXD LQWHUYHQomR QRV WHPDV GD LJXDOGDGH GH JpQHUR TXHU QR
kPELWRGDVVXDVIRUPDVPDLVWUDGLFLRQDLVGHDFomRFRPRVHMDPDFULDomRGHQRUPDVHUHFRPHQGDo}HVHR
HVWXGRHDYDOLDomRGDDSOLFDomRGDVPHVPDVFRPDHODERUDomRGRVFRUUHVSRQGHQWHVUHODWyULRVTXHUDVVXPLQ
GRIRUPDVGHLQWHUYHQomRPDLVGLUHFWDVFRPRDSDUWLFLSDomRHPDFo}HVHSURMHFWRVGHVXDSUySULDLQLFLDWLYD
RXGHRXWURVTXHULQWURGX]LQGRQRYRVWHPDVSDUDUHIOH[mRQDDJHQGDGDLJXDOGDGHGHJpQHURHGRWUDEDOKR
GLJQR
Abstract | “ILO and Gender Equality – A Critical Reflection” 7KURXJKRXW LWV KLVWRU\ WKH ,/2 KDV
SOD\HGDSLRQHHULQJUROHLQWKHILJKWIRUZRPHQ¶VULJKWVDQGHTXDORSSRUWXQLWLHVDQGWUHDWPHQW
,WLVQRZHVVHQWLDOWRFRQVROLGDWHWKDWUROHDQGWKH,/2¶VLQWHUQDWLRQDOOHDGHUVKLSLQDGYRFDWLQJIXQGDPHQWDO
SULQFLSOHVDQGULJKWVDWZRUNDQGWKHREMHFWLYHVHQVKULQHGLQWKHFRQFHSWRIGHFHQWZRUNLQFOXGLQJJHQGHU
HTXDOLW\LQRUGHUWRDFKLHYHLQWHUQDWLRQDOJRDOVLQWKLVILHOG
7KH,/2VKRXOGQRWRQO\FRQWLQXHZLWKLWVWUDGLWLRQDOIRUPVRIDFWLRQEXWDOVREURDGHQWKHVFRSHRILWVZRUN
RQJHQGHUHTXDOLW\7KH,/2¶VDGRSWLRQRI&RQYHQWLRQVDQG5HFRPPHQGDWLRQVDVVHVVPHQWRIWKHLUDSSOLFD
WLRQDQGIROORZXSUHSRUWVVKRXOGFRQWLQXHDQGEHFRPSOHPHQWHGZLWKPRUHGLUHFWLQWHUYHQWLRQLQDFWLRQV
DQGSURMHFWVRUJDQLVHGE\WKH2UJDQL]DWLRQLWVHOIRUE\RWKHUVDQGZLWKWKHLQWURGXFWLRQRIQHZWRSLFVIRU
UHIOHFWLRQRQWKHJHQGHUHTXDOLW\DQGGHFHQWZRUNDJHQGDV
BBBBBBBBBB
$2,7($,*8$/'$'('(*e1(5212081'2'275$%$/+2&DGHUQRV6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRQžSS
$2,7($,*8$/'$'('(*e1(52±80$5()/(;­2&5Ë7,&$
$2UJDQL]DomR,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKR2,7IRLFULDGDHPFRPRREMHFWLYRGHLQIOXHQFLDUDFRPX
QLGDGHLQWHUQDFLRQDOQRVHQWLGRGHUHJXODUDVUHODo}HVODERUDLVGHIRUPDPDLVKXPDQDSURPRYHQGRDFWLYD
PHQWHDDGRSomRGHPHOKRUHVFRQGLo}HVGHWUDEDOKRHDSURWHFomRGRVGLUHLWRVGRVWUDEDOKDGRUHV
$ SURPRomR GD LJXDOGDGH GH JpQHUR p DFWXDOPHQWH FRQVLGHUDGD XP REMHFWLYR IXQGDPHQWDO D QtYHO
LQWHUQDFLRQDOHSRULVVRDVRUJDQL]Do}HVLQWHUQDFLRQDLVHQWUHDVTXDLVVHGHVWDFDD2UJDQL]DomR,QWHUQDFLR
QDO GR 7UDEDOKR 2,7 PXOWLSOLFDPVH QD SURGXomR GH GHFODUDo}HV UHFRPHQGDo}HV FRQYHQo}HV H RXWUDV
PHGLGDVGHVWLQDGDVDLQFHQWLYDUXPPDLRUHTXLOtEULRQRTXHUHVSHLWDjVTXHVW}HVGHJpQHUR
&RQVLGHUDQGRDVXDORQJDKLVWyULDHDVXDHVWUXWXUDWULSDUWLGDFDUDFWHUL]DGDSHODSDUWLFLSDomRHPSpGH
LJXDOGDGH GRV UHSUHVHQWDQWHV GRV *RYHUQRV GRV WUDEDOKDGRUHV H GRV HPSUHJDGRUHV HP WRGRV RV SURFHVVRV
GHFLVyULRVLQFOXLQGRDHODERUDomRGHQRUPDVD2,7WHPDVVXPLGRGHVGHVHPSUHXPSDSHOSUHSRQGHUDQWHQD
OXWDSHORVGLUHLWRVGDVPXOKHUHVHSHODLJXDOGDGHGHRSRUWXQLGDGHVHGHWUDWDPHQWR
$YLVmRLQLFLDOGD2UJDQL]DomRVREUHDVPXOKHUHVQRWUDEDOKRFRPHoRXSRUVHUHPLQHQWHPHQWHSURWHF
FLRQLVWDFRPRGHFRUUHGRVWH[WRVGDVSULPHLUDV&RQYHQo}HVTXHVHGHEUXoDPVREUHDPDWpULD±&RQYHQomR
QžVREUHDSURWHFomRGDPDWHUQLGDGH &RQYHQomRQžVREUHRWUDEDOKRQRFWXUQRGHPXOKHUHV
&RQYHQomRQžVREUHRHPSUHJRGDVPXOKHUHVHPWUDEDOKRVVXEWHUUkQHRV
3RUpPHVWDSHUVSHFWLYDPXGDULDUDGLFDOPHQWHSDUDXPDOLQKDGHGHIHVDGDLJXDOGDGHGHRSRUWXQLGDGHV
HGDSURPRomRGHGLUHLWRVDSDUWLUGDFRQVDJUDomRGRSULQFtSLRGRVDOiULRLJXDOSDUDWUDEDOKRLJXDO
(PSULPHLUROXJDUD'HFODUDomRGH)LODGpOILDGHXYLVLELOLGDGHMXUtGLFDDRVGLUHLWRVGDVPXOKH
UHVQRFRQWH[WRGRWUDEDOKRDRSURFODPDUTXH «WRGRVRVVHUHVKXPDQRVTXDOTXHUTXHVHMDDVXDUDoD
FUHQoD RXVH[R WrP R GLUHLWRGHHIHFWXDU R VHX SURJUHVVR PDWHULDOH RVHXGHVHQYROYLPHQWR HVSLULWXDOHP
OLEHUGDGHHFRPGLJQLGDGHFRPVHJXUDQoDHFRQyPLFDHFRPRSRUWXQLGDGHVLJXDLV
/RJRGHSRLVD2,7UHIRUoRXRVHXHPSHQKDPHQWRQDQRYDSHUVSHFWLYDFRPDDSURYDomRGDVGXDVPDLV
LPSRUWDQWHV &RQYHQo}HV QR GRPtQLR GD SURPRomR GD LJXDOGDGH GH RSRUWXQLGDGHV H GH WUDWDPHQWR HQWUH
KRPHQVHPXOKHUHVDVDEHUD&RQYHQomRQžVREUHDLJXDOGDGHGHUHPXQHUDomRHQWUHKRPHQVHPXOKH
UHVSDUDWUDEDOKRGHLJXDOYDORUHD&RQYHQomRQžVREUHDGLVFULPLQDomRQRHPSUHJRHQDSURILV
VmR
$SDUWLUGDTXLD2,7PDQWHYHVHVHPSUHQDSULPHLUDOLQKDGRFRPEDWHDWRGDVDVIRUPDVGHGLVFULPL
QDomR GDV PXOKHUHV HP SDUWLFXODU QR WUDEDOKR LQFHQWLYDQGR RV (VWDGRV0HPEURV H RV SDUFHLURV VRFLDLV D
GHVHQYROYHUDFo}HVDDSHUIHLoRDUHHIHFWLYDUQRUPDVDUHFROKHUHGLIXQGLUGDGRVGHVDJUHJDGRVSRUVH[RHD
FULDUHUHIRUoDUPHFDQLVPRVLQVWLWXFLRQDLVGHSURPRomRGDLJXDOGDGHHQmRGLVFULPLQDomRQRWUDEDOKR
$RPHVPRWHPSRIRLHODERUDQGRHGLYXOJDQGRHVWXGRVHUHODWyULRVVREUHDSDUWLFLSDomRGDVPXOKHUHV
QRPXQGRGRWUDEDOKRHVREUHDLJXDOGDGHVDODULDO
(PDRODQoDURFRQFHLWRGHWUDEDOKRGLJQRD2,7LQFOXLXHQWUHRVREMHFWLYRVGHVWHFRQFHLWRD
QHFHVVLGDGH GH DVVHJXUDU D LJXDOGDGH GH RSRUWXQLGDGHV HQWUH KRPHQV H PXOKHUHV H HP FRQMXQWR FRP DV
GHFODUDo}HV UHODWLYDV DRV GLUHLWRV H SULQFtSLRVIXQGDPHQWDLV GRWUDEDOKR GD 2,7HPLWLGDVHP H GLYXOJRXGRLVUHODWyULRVGHGLFDGRVjVTXHVW}HVGDLJXDOGDGHGDQGRJUDQGHGHVWDTXHDRVSUREOHPDVGDLJXDO
GDGHGHJpQHUR(PD2UJDQL]DomRODQoRXHSURPRYHXXPDFDPSDQKDHXPGHEDWHJHUDOVXERUGLQDGRV
DRWHPD$,JXDOGDGHGH*pQHURQR&RUDomRGR7UDEDOKR'LJQR
+RMHDLJXDOGDGHGHJpQHURpXPDPDWpULDWUDQVYHUVDODWRGDVDViUHDVGHDFWLYLGDGHGD2,7RTXHVH
WHPUHYHODGRGHH[WUHPDLPSRUWkQFLDQmRVyQRVHLRGDSUySULD2UJDQL]DomRPDVWDPEpPSDUDWRGRVRVVHXV
PHPEURVWULSDUWLGRV
2GHWH)LOLSH
$VUHDOL]Do}HVHLQLFLDWLYDVFLWDGDVVmRREYLDPHQWHDSHQDVH[HPSORVGDLQWHQVDDFWLYLGDGHTXHD2,7
WHPGHVHQYROYLGRDRORQJRGDVXDH[LVWrQFLDHPSUROGDVPXOKHUHVHGRVVHXVGLUHLWRVHGDLJXDOGDGHHQWUH
KRPHQVHPXOKHUHV3RGHUtDPRVUHIHULUPXLWDVRXWUDVPDVFRQVLGHUDPRVTXHHVWDVVmREDVWDQWHVSDUDLOXVWUDU
DLGHLDGHTXHD2,7WHPGHIDFWRDJLGRQHVWHGRPtQLRHWHQWDGRFRQWULEXLUSDUDWRUQDURPXQGRPDLVLJXDO
3RUpPHVWDPRVSHUDQWHXPDWDUHIDVHPSUHLQFRPSOHWD(PPXLWRVSRQWRVGRJORERVXEVLVWHPJUDQGHV
GHVLJXDOGDGHVHRVREMHFWLYRVLQWHUQDFLRQDLVSHUPDQHFHPHPERDPHGLGDSRUDOFDQoDU
$GLVFULPLQDomRGHJpQHURpXPIHQyPHQRVLVWpPLFRHHYROXWLYRFDSD]GHDVVXPLUQRYDVHLQHVSHUD
GDVIRUPDV$VPXOKHUHVQmRVmRXPJUXSRKRPRJpQHRDVGLVFULPLQDo}HVGHTXHVmRDOYRSRGHPVHUGLIH
UHQWHV H PXLWDV DFXPXODP GHVYDQWDJHQV TXH SRGHP GHFRUUHU SRU H[HPSOR GH WHUHP XPD GHILFLrQFLD RX
SHUWHQFHUHPDXPDPLQRULDQXPIHQyPHQRTXHFRPHoDDVHUGHVLJQDGRSRUPXOWLGLVFULPLQDomR
$PXOWLGLVFULPLQDomRpSRLVXPFDPSRQRYRHPTXHSRXFDVLQLFLDWLYDVIRUDPDLQGDGHVHQYROYLGDVH
DRTXDOpQHFHVViULRGDUYLVLELOLGDGHQRkPELWRGDSURPRomRGDLJXDOGDGH
$ LQFOXVmR GHVWH WHPD QD DJHQGD GD LJXDOGDGH GH JpQHUR GD 2,7 SHUPLWLULD FHUWDPHQWH GHVHQYROYHU
DOJXPDUHIOH[mRHSRQGHUDUDFULDomRGHLQVWUXPHQWRVGHFRPEDWHjPXOWLGLVFULPLQDomR
8P RXWUR WHPD IXQGDPHQWDO p R TXH VH UHODFLRQD FRP D SDUWLOKD GDV UHVSRQVDELOLGDGHV IDPLOLDUHV
VREUHWXGRQDSHUVSHFWLYDGHFRPEDWHUDSHUVLVWrQFLDGHHVWHUHyWLSRVGHJpQHURHHQFRUDMDUXPDSDUWLOKDPDLV
LJXDOGHUHVSRQVDELOLGDGHVIDPLOLDUHVHQWUHKRPHQVHPXOKHUHV
2 IDFWR GH DV PXOKHUHV DSHVDU GRV QRYRV SDSpLV VRFLDLV TXH OKH VmR UHFRQKHFLGRV FRQWLQXDUHP D
DVVXPLUDQtYHOGDIDPtOLDPXLWRPDLVGRTXHRVKRPHQVXPOHTXHDODUJDGRGHUHVSRQVDELOLGDGHVFRPR
FXLGDGRV GRV ILOKRV H GH RXWURV IDPLOLDUHV SHUPDQHFH FRPR LPSRUWDQWH IDFWRU GH GHVLJXDOGDGH GH JpQHUR
TXH LPSHGH DV PXOKHUHV GH QR SODQR SURILVVLRQDO VH FRORFDUHP HP VLWXDomR GH SOHQD LJXDOGDGH FRP RV
KRPHQVQRTXHUHVSHLWDDRGHVHQYROYLPHQWRGDFDUUHLUDHjRFXSDomRGHGHWHUPLQDGRVFDUJRV
1HVWH kPELWR VHULD ~WLO TXH D 2,7 FRORFDVVH HQWUH DV VXDV SULRULGDGHV D DYDOLDomR GD DSOLFDomR GD
&RQYHQomRQžUHODWLYDDRVWUDEDOKDGRUHVFRPUHVSRQVDELOLGDGHVIDPLOLDUHVHHYHQWXDOPHQWHHOD
ERUDVVHXPUHODWyULRVREUHRWHPD
1R TXH WRFD D HVWH WHPD QmR SRGHPRV DOLiV GHL[DU GH UHDOoDU TXH D &*73,1 HP FRQMXJDomR GH
HVIRUoRVFRPD&,7(FRQWULEXLXSDUDTXHQR~OWLPRUHODWyULRGD&RPLVVmRGH,JXDOGDGHGD2,7GD&RQIH
UrQFLD$QXDOVREUHRWHPDGD,JXDOGDGHHQWUH+RPHQVH0XOKHUHVQR&RUDomRGR7UDEDOKR'LJQRVHFRQ
VHQVXDOL]DVVH D DSUHVHQWDomR GH XPD SURSRVWD UHODWLYD j DGRSomR GH LQVWUXPHQWRV GHVWLQDGRV D JDUDQWLU R
GLUHLWRGRVWUDEDOKDGRUHVjOLFHQoDGHSDWHUQLGDGHHDFRQVLGHUDUDSDWHUQLGDGHXPYDORUWmRHVVHQFLDOFRPRD
PDWHUQLGDGH
3RURXWURODGRKiTXHWHUHPFRQWDTXHQRPXQGRDFWXDOPDLVGRTXHDVQRUPDVLPSRUWDPDVDFo}HV
FRQFUHWDVMXQWRGDVSHVVRDVHQHVWHVHQWLGRpHVSHFLDOPHQWHUHOHYDQWH DDPSOLDomRGDDFWXDomRGD 2,7DR
QtYHO GD FRRSHUDomR WpFQLFD H GR DFRQVHOKDPHQWR QRPHDGDPHQWH QR TXH WRFD j HGXFDomR H IRUPDomR GDV
SRSXODo}HVSDUDDLJXDOGDGHHDXPDLQWHUYHQomRDFWLYDMXQWRGRVUHSUHVHQWDQWHVWULSDUWLGRVSDUDTXHDMDPQR
VHQWLGRGDLQWHJUDomRGDGLPHQVmRWUDQVYHUVDOGDLJXDOGDGHGHJpQHURQDVSROLWLFDVGRVUHVSHFWLYRVSDtVHV
1HVWHDVSHFWRGHVWDFDPRVFRPRHVSHFLDOPHQWHUHOHYDQWHDSDUWLFLSDomRGDVHVWUXWXUDVGD2,7HPSUR
MHFWRVFRQFUHWRVGHVHQYROYLGRVQRV(VWDGRV0HPEURVHPSDUFHULDFRPVLQGLFDWRVHDVVRFLDo}HVGHHPSUH
JDGRUHVEHPFRPRRXWUDVHQWLGDGHVGHVWLQDGRVDSURPRYHUDLJXDOGDGHGHJpQHURDWUDYpVGHDFo}HVFRQFUH
WDVQRWHUUHQRHTXHSHUPLWDPDDSOLFDomRGRVSULQFtSLRVFRQVDJUDGRVQDVQRUPDVDRPXQGRUHDOGRWUDEDOKR
&RPRH[HPSORGHVWHWLSRGHDFo}HVSRGHPRVFLWDURSURMHFWR³5HYDORUL]DUR7UDEDOKRSDUD3URPRYHU
D,JXDOGDGH´QRTXDGURGR3URJUDPD&RPXQLWiULR(48$/GHVHQYROYLGRSHOD&*73,1HSHOD)HGHUDomR
GRV 6LQGLFDWRV GH $OLPHQWDomR %HELGDV +RWHODULD H 7XULVPR GH 3RUWXJDO )(6$+7 HP SDUFHULD FRP D
&RPLVVmR SDUD D ,JXDOGDGH QR 7UDEDOKR H QR (PSUHJR &,7( D $&7 $XWRULGDGH SDUD DV &RQGLo}HV GH
7UDEDOKRR(VFULWyULRGD2,7HP3RUWXJDOXPDDVVRFLDomRSDWURQDOD$VVLRFLDomRGD+RWHODULD5HVWDXUD
omRH6LPLODUHVGH3RUWXJDO$+5(63HGRLVFHQWURVGHHVWXGRHLQYHVWLJDomRR&HQWURGH(VWXGRVSDUDD
,QWHUYHQomR 6RFLDO &(6,6 H R &HQWUR GH ,QYHVWLJDomR H (VWXGRV GH 6RFLRORJLD GR ,QVWLWXWR 6XSHULRU GH
&LrQFLDVGR7UDEDOKRHGD(PSUHVD&,(6,6&7(FRPRREMHFWLYRGHWUDEDOKDQGRFRPEDVHQD&RQYHQomR
QžFULDUXPDPHWRGRORJLDGHDYDOLDomRGHSRVWRVGHWUDEDOKRVHPHQYLHVDPHQWRGHJpQHURDILPGH
DSXUDURVHXYDORUHHTXLSDUDUDVUHPXQHUDo}HVTXDQGRVHWUDWDGHWUDEDOKRLJXDORXGHLJXDOYDORUSHUPLWLQ
GRFRQFUHWL]DURSULQFtSLRGDLJXDOGDGHVDODULDOLQGLVSHQViYHOjLJXDOGDGHGHGLUHLWRV$LQGDQRTXDGURGR
SURMHFWRIRLSRVVtYHODFRQVWUXomRGHPyGXORVGHIRUPDomRVREUHHVWDWHPiWLFDTXHIRUDPWHVWDGRVSHOR&HQ
WUR,QWHUQDFLRQDOGH)RUPDomRGD2,7HLQWHJUDGRVQRVLVWHPDQDFLRQDOGHTXDOLILFDo}HV
$2,7($,*8$/'$'('(*e1(52±80$5()/(;­2&5Ë7,&$
$LQLFLDWLYDGLUHFWDRXRSDWURFtQLRSHOD2,7GHSURMHFWRVHDFo}HVGHVWDQDWXUH]DVHUmRVHPG~YLGDXP
GRVFDPLQKRVDWULOKDUSDUDSURVVHJXLUDOXWDSHODDILUPDomRGDLJXDOGDGHHQWUHKRPHQVHPXOKHUHV
(PERUDDPDLRULDGRV(VWDGRV0HPEURVGD2,7WHQKDPIHLWRHVIRUoRVFRQVLGHUiYHLVSDUDFRPEDWHUD
GLVFULPLQDomR GH JpQHUR QR WUDEDOKR H D PDLRULD WHQKD UDWLILFDGR DV SULQFLSDLV FRQYHQo}HV HP PDWpULD GH
LJXDOGDGHFRPEDWHUDGLVFULPLQDomRQRHPSUHJRHQDSURILVVmRpFDGDYH]PDLVXUJHQWHHQHFHVViULRMiTXH
FRPDFULVHILQDQFHLUDLQWHUQDFLRQDODGHVLJXDOGDGHHDLQVHJXUDQoDQRPXQGRVHDFHQWXDUDPPDQLIHVWDPHQ
WHRTXHWHQGHDUHGX]LUDHILFiFLDGHTXDLVTXHUDFo}HVTXHYLVHPFRPEDWHUDGLVFULPLQDomR
1HVWHTXDGURRUHIRUoRGRSDSHOGD2,7HGRVHXSURWDJRQLVPRLQWHUQDFLRQDOQDGHIHVDGRVGLUHLWRVH
SULQFtSLRVIXQGDPHQWDLVGRWUDEDOKRHGRVREMHFWLYRVLQFOXtGRVQRFRQFHLWRGHWUDEDOKRGLJQRHQWUHRVTXDLV
VHFRQWDPDLJXDOGDGHGHJpQHURVmRIXQGDPHQWDLVSDUDDFRQFUHWL]DomRGRVREMHFWLYRVLQWHUQDFLRQDLVQHVWD
iUHD
$GLVSDULGDGHHQWUHKRPHQVHPXOKHUHVQRTXHUHVSHLWDDRHPSUHJRHDRVVDOiULRVHDQHFHVVLGDGHGH
SROtWLFDVTXHLQWHJUHPVLPXOWDQHDPHQWHPHGLGDVFRQWUDDGLVFULPLQDomRGHJpQHURTXHUQRDFHVVRDRWUDED
OKRHDRHPSUHJRTXHUHPPDWpULDGHUHPXQHUDomRHQDSURJUHVVmRQDFDUUHLUDDSDUHQWDOLGDGHHDQHFHVVL
GDGHGHFRQFLOLDUDVUHVSRQVDELOLGDGHVIDPLOLDUHVFRPDYLGDSURILVVLRQDOHSHVVRDOQXPDySWLFDGHSDUWLOKD
HQWUHPXOKHUHVHKRPHQVHDLQGDRIHQyPHQRGDPXOWLGLVFULPLQDomRVmRRVSULQFLSDLVWHPDVGDDJHQGDGD
LJXDOGDGHQRVTXDLVD2,7GHYHFRQWLQXDUDLQVLVWLUSDUDUHDOL]DomRGRVHXREMHFWLYRSULQFLSDO±DSURPRomR
GRDFHVVRGRVKRPHQVHGDVPXOKHUHVDXPWUDEDOKRGLJQRHSURGXWLYRHPFRQGLo}HVGHLJXDOGDGHOLEHUGDGH
VHJXUDQoDHGLJQLGDGHKXPDQD
O Papel dos Parceiros Sociais na Promoção da Igualdade de
Género no Trabalho: O Equilíbrio de Interesses.
A perspectiva da CIP.
6RILD%DLmR+RUWD
-XULVWD GR 'HSDUWDPHQWR GRV $VVXQWRV -XUtGLFRV H 6yFLR/DERUDLV '$-6/ H UHSUHVHQWDQWH GD &,3 QD
&RPLVVmRSDUDD,JXDOGDGHQR7UDEDOKRHQR(PSUHJR±&,7(
Resumo | (VWHDUWLJRUHIHUHDLQIOXrQFLDGRVSULQFtSLRVQRUPDWLYRVGD2,7QDOHJLVODomRHQDVUHODo}HVODER
UDLV'HVWDFDVHRSDSHOGRVSDUFHLURVVRFLDLVHPSDUWLFXODUGD&,3QRSURFHVVRGHSUHSDUDomROHJLVODWLYDH
QDSDUWLFLSDomRHPIRUDQDFLRQDLVHLQWHUQDFLRQDLVTXHWUDWDPDWHPiWLFDGDLJXDOGDGHGHJpQHURHDFRQFLOLD
omRHQWUHDYLGDIDPLOLDUHRWUDEDOKR'HVWDFDPVHDLQGDDVPHGLGDVLQWURGX]LGDVQDUHYLVmRGR&yGLJRGH
7UDEDOKRGHPRGRDDOFDQoDUXPHTXLOtEULRHQWUHRVLQWHUHVVHVGDVHPSUHVDVHGRVWUDEDOKDGRUHV
Abstract | “The Role of Social Partners in Promoting Gender Equality at Work: A Balance of Interests. The Portuguese Industrial Confederation’s Perspective”7KLVDUWLFOHFRQFHUQVWKHLQIOXHQFHRI,/2
SULQFLSOHVDQGULJKWVLQOHJLVODWLRQDQGLQLQGXVWULDOUHODWLRQV,WLVKLJKOLJKWWKHUROHRIVRFLDOSDUWQHUVSDUWLF
XODUO\WKH&,3LQWKHSURFHVVRISUHSDULQJOHJLVODWLRQDQGSDUWLFLSDWLRQLQQDWLRQDODQGLQWHUQDWLRQDOHYHQWV
GHDOLQJZLWKJHQGHUHTXDOLW\DQGUHFRQFLOLQJIDPLO\OLIHDQGZRUNLVVXHV7KLVDUWLFOHDOVRUHIHUVWKHPHDVXUHV
LQWURGXFHGLQWKHUHYLVLRQRIWKH/DERXU&RGHLQRUGHUWRDFKLHYHDEDODQFHEHWZHHQWKHLQWHUHVWVRIFRPSD
QLHVDQGZRUNHUV
BBBBBBBBBB
$2,7($,*8$/'$'('(*e1(5212081'2'275$%$/+2&DGHUQRV6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRQžSS
23$3(/'263$5&(,52662&,$,61$35202d­2'$,*8$/'$'('(*e1(5212
75$%$/+22(48,/Ë%5,2'(,17(5(66(6$3(563(&7,9$'$&,3
1.
(PWHUPRVJHUDLVRSDSHOGD2UJDQL]DomR,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKR2,7QRVUHJLPHVMXUtGLFRVQDFLRQDLV
GRVSDtVHVPHPEURVUHYHVWHVHGHJUDQGHLPSRUWkQFLDSHODLQIOXrQFLDTXHDVXDSURGXomRMXUtGLFDWHPWLGRQD
HVWDELOL]DomRGRVLVWHPDGDVUHODo}HVODERUDLV
$LQFRUSRUDomRQDVOHJLVODo}HVQDFLRQDLVGRVSULQFtSLRVQRUPDWLYRVGHFRUUHQWHVGRWUDEDOKRUHDOL]DGR
QD2,7WHPVLGRHIHFWXDGDDRORQJRGRVDQRVHUHYHODVHFRPRXPFRPSURPLVVRGRV(VWDGRVTXHSUHVVXS}H
DKDUPRQL]DomRSURJUHVVLYDGDVVXDVOHJLVODo}HVQDFLRQDLVDRHQFRQWURGRVSULQFtSLRVHQRUPDVGDOLSURYH
QLHQWHV
3DUDHVWHHIHLWRpHVVHQFLDOGLJDVHRFDUiFWHUJHUDOHIOH[tYHOGDSURGXomRQRUPDWLYDLQWHUQDFLRQDO
GHIRUPDDWRUQDUSRVVtYHOHHILFD]RVHXDFROKLPHQWRSHORV(VWDGRV0HPEURVDWHQWDVDVUHVSHFWLYDVHVSHFL
ILFLGDGHVQRTXHUHVSHLWDDRRUGHQDPHQWRMXUtGLFRjFXOWXUDHDRGHVHQYROYLPHQWRVRFLDO
1mRVHSRGHGHL[DUGHUHDOoDUDLPSRUWkQFLDTXHD2,7WHYHQDHYROXomRGDIRUPDGHUHJXODomRGRWUD
EDOKRHQDSURPRomRjHVFDODQDFLRQDOGRGLiORJRVRFLDOHGDQHJRFLDomR
$WUDYpV GD QHJRFLDomR WHP VLGR SRVVtYHO HQFRQWUDU EDVH GH HQWHQGLPHQWR TXH SHUPLWH SURPRYHU
REMHFWLYRVVRFLDLVHHFRQyPLFRV
2.
'HVGHIRUDPDGRSWDGDVQD2,7FRQYHQo}HVHUHFRPHQGDo}HV
$OJXPDVGHVWDVFRQYHQo}HVHUHFRPHQGDo}HVUHSRUWDPVHDXPGRVSULQFtSLRVHGLUHLWRVIXQGDPHQWDLV
QRWUDEDOKRHQXQFLDGRVQD'HFODUDomRGD2,7GHHTXHVHWUDGX]QD³HOLPLQDomRGDGLVFULPLQDomRHP
PDWpULDGHHPSUHJRHGHSURILVVmR´
2UDpQHVWHSULQFtSLRTXHVHHQTXDGUDDWHPiWLFD³2,7HD,JXDOGDGHGH*pQHUR´
2TXHVHUHIHULXDFHUFDGDLQIOXrQFLDGDDFWXDomRGD2,7QRPXQGRGRWUDEDOKRDSOLFDVHQDWXUDOPHQ
WHDHVWDYHUWHQWHGDLJXDOGDGHHQWUHRVVH[RV
$VSULPHLUDV&RQYHQo}HVGD2,7UHODWLYDVjLJXDOGDGHVXUJHPHPH
(PGH-XQKRGHIRLDGRSWDGDD&RQYHQomRQžUHODWLYDjLJXDOGDGHGHUHPXQHUDomRHQWUH
DPmRGHREUDPDVFXOLQDHDPmRGHREUDIHPLQLQDHPWUDEDOKRGHYDORULJXDO$VVRFLDGDDHVWD&RQYHQomR
VXUJLXWDPEpPGHD5HFRPHQGDomRQžFRPRPHVPRQRPH
(P GH -XQKR GH IRL DGRSWDGD D &RQYHQomR Qž VREUH D GLVFULPLQDomR HP PDWpULD GH
HPSUHJRHSURILVVmR
(PDPEDVDV&RQYHQo}HVVHSUHYrTXHRV(VWDGRV0HPEURVVHFRPSURPHWHPDHQFRUDMDUSURPRYHU
HVHSRVVtYHODVVHJXUDUDDSOLFDomRGRVSULQFtSLRVQHODVFRQWLGRVDWUDYpV³>«@GHPpWRGRVDGHTXDGRVjV
FLUFXQVWkQFLDVHDRVXVRVQDFLRQDLV´
2SULQFtSLRGDLJXDOGDGHHQWUHRVVH[RVQRTXHUHVSHLWDDRWUDEDOKRSURILVVmRHUHPXQHUDomRIRLHYR
OXLQGRQDVRFLHGDGHSRUWXJXHVDHQRVRXWURVSDtVHVGHVGHDVSULPHLUDVFRQYHQo}HVDHOHUHVSHLWDQWHVFRQ
IRUPHDHYROXomRGDSUySULDVRFLHGDGHHGRVUHJLPHVSROtWLFRVQHODUHJHQWHV
$&,3QDTXDOLGDGHGHDVVRFLDomRGHF~SXODGHHPSUHJDGRUHVHSDUFHLURVRFLDOSDUWLFLSRXQRSURFHV
VRGHSUHSDUDomROHJLVODWLYDGD&RQYHQomRQžGD2,7DGRSWDGDHPUHODWLYDDRVWUDEDOKDGRUHVFRP
UHVSRQVDELOLGDGHVIDPLOLDUHV
6RILD%DLmR+RUWD
,QWHJURXFRPRKDELWXDOPHQWHDHVWUXWXUDUHSUHVHQWDWLYDGRVHPSUHJDGRUHVQDVHVVmRGD&RQIH
UrQFLD,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKRGD2,7QDTXDOIRLDSURYDGDDUHIHULGD&RQYHQomRQžTXHVHDSOLFDD
KRPHQVHPXOKHUHV
+RXYH HQWmR RSRUWXQLGDGH GH PDQLIHVWDU D SUHRFXSDomR GRV HPSUHJDGRUHV QR VHQWLGR GH DFDXWHODU
TXHDVQRUPDVDDSURYDUWLYHVVHPXPDGLPHQVmRSUiWLFDTXHSHUPLWLVVHDGRSWDUVROXo}HVFRQFUHWDVHDSUR
SULDGDVDRVSUREOHPDVTXRWLGLDQRVGRVWUDEDOKDGRUHVFRPUHVSRQVDELOLGDGHVIDPLOLDUHV
1D PHVPD OLQKD GHRULHQWDomRRVUHSUHVHQWDQWHVGRVHPSUHJDGRUHVGHIHQGHUDP DLQWURGXomRGHXP
GLVSRVLWLYRTXHSHUPLWLVVHTXHDVGLVSRVLo}HVGRVLQVWUXPHQWRVFRQVWDQWHVGD&RQYHQomRSXGHVVHPFDVRDV
FRQGLo}HVQDFLRQDLVRH[LJLVVHPVHUDSOLFDGDVSRUHWDSDV
3.
3RUWXJDOUDWLILFRXDVFRQYHQo}HVQRVHGD2,7DWUDYpVGR'HFUHWR/HLQžGHGH1RYHPEUR
GHHGR'HFUHWR/HLQžGHGH6HWHPEURGHUHVSHFWLYDPHQWH
(PR'HFUHWR/HLQžGHGH1RYHPEURLQWURGX]LXQDOHJLVODomRSRUWXJXHVDRSULQFt
SLR³VDOiULRLJXDOSDUDWUDEDOKRLJXDO´
$SDUWLUGHDEUHVHRDFHVVRGDVPXOKHUHVDWRGRVRVFDUJRVGDFDUUHLUDDGPLQLVWUDWLYDORFDOSHOR
'HFUHWR/HLQžGHGH-XQKRjFDUUHLUDGLSORPiWLFDSHOR'HFUHWR/HLQžGHGH-XOKRH
jPDJLVWUDWXUDSHOR'HFUHWR/HLQžGHGH6HWHPEUR
$&RQVWLWXLomRGD5HS~EOLFD3RUWXJXHVD&53GHWDOFRPRD&53GHYHLRFRQVDJUDUR
SULQFtSLRGDLJXDOGDGHHPYiULDVYHUWHQWHV
$ IRUPXODomR JHUDO FRQVWD GR DUWLJR ž GD &53 GHWHUPLQD TXH ³1LQJXpP SRGH VHU SULYLOHJLDGR
EHQHILFLDGRSUHMXGLFDGRSULYDGRGHTXDOTXHUGLUHLWRRXLVHQWRGHTXDOTXHUGHYHUHPUD]mRGHDVFHQGrQFLD
VH[R UDoD OtQJXD WHUULWyULR GH RULJHP UHOLJLmR FRQYLFo}HV SROtWLFDV RX LGHROyJLFDV LQVWUXomR VLWXDomR
HFRQyPLFDFRQGLomRVRFLDORXRULHQWDomRVH[XDO´
$&53FRQVDJUDLJXDOPHQWHRSULQFtSLRGDLJXDOGDGHVDODULDO
$VVLPRDUWLJRžHVWLSXODTXHWRGRVRVWUDEDOKDGRUHVVHPGLVWLQomRGHHQWUHRXWURVIDFWRUHVVH[R
WrPGLUHLWRjUHWULEXLomRGRWUDEDOKRVHJXQGRDTXDQWLGDGHQDWXUH]DHTXDOLGDGHREVHUYDQGRVHRSULQFtSLR
GRVDOiULRLJXDOSDUDWUDEDOKRLJXDO
(PGHIHVDGRPHVPRSULQFtSLRGHLJXDOGDGHGHJpQHURD&53FRQVDJUDDLQGDQRVHXDUWLJRžTXH
LQFXPEHDR(VWDGRRGHYHUGHSURPRYHU³DLJXDOGDGHGHRSRUWXQLGDGHVQDHVFROKDGDSURILVVmRRXJpQHUR
GH WUDEDOKR H FRQGLo}HVSDUD TXH QmR VHMD YHGDGR RX OLPLWDGR HP IXQomR GR VH[R R DFHVVR D TXDLVTXHU
FDUJRVWUDEDOKRRXFDWHJRULDVSURILVVLRQDLV´
7RGRVHVWHVSULQFtSLRVVHHQFRQWUDPYHUWLGRVQDOHJLVODomRODERUDO
2&yGLJRGR7UDEDOKRUHYLVWRDSURYDGRSHOD/HLQžGHGH)HYHUHLURLQVWLWXLXXPUHJLPH
HVSHFtILFRVREUHDLJXDOGDGHHQmRGLVFULPLQDomRHPPDWpULDGHVH[RDUWLJRVžDž
7DLVSULQFtSLRVWrPQDWXUDOPHQWHPHUHFLGRDFROKLPHQWRQRVFRQWUDWRVFROHFWLYRVGHWUDEDOKRFHOHEUD
GRVDSyV
1DHVWHLUDGRFXPSULPHQWRGDVQRUPDVQDFLRQDLVHFRPXQLWiULDVIRLFULDGDHPHP3RUWXJDOD
&RPLVVmRSDUDD,JXDOGDGHQR7UDEDOKRHQR(PSUHJR&,7(jTXDOIRUDPFRPHWLGDVDWULEXLo}HVHVSHFtIL
FDVQHVWHGRPtQLRLQFOXLQGRDSURPRomRGRFXPSULPHQWRGDVQRUPDVHPYLJRUHRDWHQGLPHQWRHWUDWDPHQWR
GHTXHL[DVSRUYLRODomRGHVWHVSULQFtSLRV
2V3DUFHLURV6RFLDLVLQFOXLQGRD&,3WrPDVVHQWRQHVWD&RPLVVmR
5HFHQWHPHQWHFRPDDSURYDomRGDQRYDOHLRUJkQLFDGD&,7(DWUDYpVGR'HFUHWR/HLQž
GH GH 1RYHPEUR YHULILFRXVH XP DODUJDPHQWR GDV FRPSHWrQFLDV GHVWD &RPLVVmR QRPHDGDPHQWH jV
VHJXLQWHVPDWpULDV
DSUHFLDomRGDOHJDOLGDGHGHGLVSRVLo}HVHPPDWpULDGHLJXDOGDGHHQmRGLVFULPLQDomRHQWUHKRPHQVH
PXOKHUHVQRWUDEDOKRHQRHPSUHJRFRQVWDQWHVGHLQVWUXPHQWRGHUHJXODPHQWDomRFROHFWLYDGHWUDEDOKR
QHJRFLDO
23$3(/'263$5&(,52662&,$,61$35202d­2'$,*8$/'$'('(*e1(5212
75$%$/+22(48,/Ë%5,2'(,17(5(66(6$3(563(&7,9$'$&,3
DSUHFLDomRGDOHJDOLGDGHGDGHFLVmRDUELWUDOHPSURFHVVRGHDUELWUDJHPREULJDWyULDVHPSUHTXHH[LVWD
VXVSHLWDGHGLVFULPLQDomR
DVVLVWrQFLDjVYtWLPDVGHGLVFULPLQDomRHPUD]mRGRVH[R
4.
&RQVWDWDVHKRMHXPDWHQGrQFLDJHUDOGHGLPLQXLomRGDGLIHUHQoDHQWUHKRPHQVHPXOKHUHVQRHPSUHJRHQD
HGXFDomRPXLWRHPERUDDGLILFXOGDGHFRPTXHDVPXOKHUHVVHGHSDUDPQDFRQFLOLDomRGDVUHVSRQVDELOLGDGHV
IDPLOLDUHVFRPRHPSUHJRFRQWLQXHDPDQWHUVHFRPRRPDLVVpULRREVWiFXORjLJXDOGDGHGHJpQHUR
(VVDGLILFXOGDGHDOLDGDDDVSHFWRVFXOWXUDLVWHPVLGRDSRQWDGDFRPRDSULQFLSDOFDXVDSDUDRIDFWRGH
DVPXOKHUHVVHHQFRQWUDUHP PDLVUHSUHVHQWDGDVQRTXHUHVSHLWDDRHPSUHJRHPGHWHUPLQDGRVVHFWRUHVGH
DFWLYLGDGHUHODFLRQDGRVFRPRVHXSDSHOWUDGLFLRQDOQDVRFLHGDGHWDLVFRPRDSUHVWDomRGHFXLGDGRVDHGX
FDomR D OLPSH]D R UHWDOKR HWF H VXEUHSUHVHQWDGDV FRPR H[HPSOR PDLV PDUFDQWH QRV DOWRV QtYHLV GH
GLUHFomR
$VVLPQD8(DVPXOKHUHVRFXSDPGRVFDUJRVGHGLUHFWRUHVGRVFDUJRVGHPHPEURVGRV
FRQVHOKRVGHDGPLQLVWUDomRHDSHQDVGRVFDUJRVGHSUHVLGHQWHGRFRQVHOKRGHDGPLQLVWUDomRGHHPSUH
VDV
(P3RUWXJDODSHUFHQWDJHPGHPXOKHUHVTXHRFXSDFDUJRVHPFRQVHOKRVGHDGPLQLVWUDomRpPHQRVGH
7DOVHJPHQWDomRQRPHUFDGRGHWUDEDOKRGHYHVHUFRPEDWLGDSURPRYHQGRDFXOWXUDGDLJXDOGDGHTXH
EUDQGRDVEDUUHLUDVFXOWXUDLVHDVVHJXUDQGRTXHDVPXOKHUHVHRVKRPHQVVLJDPXPDPDLRUGLYHUVLGDGHGH
FDUUHLUDVDWUDYpVGHYiULRVPHLRVFRPRSRUH[HPSOR
GHLQLFLDWLYDVDRQtYHOGDHGXFDomRGHVGHRLQtFLRGDHVFRODULGDGHDWpjXQLYHUVLGDGHHQFRUDMDQGRDV
UDSDULJDVHRVUDSD]HVDID]HUDVVXDVHVFROKDVUHVSHLWDQWHVDRVHVWXGRVFDUUHLUDVHPRGRVGHSDUWLOKD
GHUHVSRQVDELOLGDGHVIDPLOLDUHVWHQGRLQWHULRUL]DGDDFRQVFLrQFLDGDVXDLJXDOGDGHGHRSRUWXQLGDGHV
GHHVIRUoRVFRQFHQWUDGRVHPFDWLYDUUDSDULJDVHPXOKHUHVMRYHQVSDUDSURILVV}HVWpFQLFDVHFLHQWtILFDV
GD SURPRomR GR HPSUHHQGHGRULVPR FRPR YHUGDGHLUD RSomR GH FDUUHLUD WDQWR SDUD PXOKHUHV FRPR
SDUD KRPHQV HHQTXDQWRPRGR FRPSOHPHQWDUGHDXPHQWDU R Q~PHUR GH PXOKHUHV QRV SURFHVVRV GH
GHFLVmR
GR GHVHQYROYLPHQWR GH FRPSHWrQFLDV QDV PXOKHUHV H KRPHQV GXUDQWH D VXD FDUUHLUD QRPHDGDPHQWH
DWUDYpVGDHGXFDomRGD)RUPDomRHGD$SUHQGL]DJHPDR/RQJRGD9LGD$/9HWF
5.
$VHPSUHVDVWrPXPSDSHOLPSRUWDQWHDGHVHPSHQKDUQHVWHGRPtQLRQDPHGLGDHPTXHVHRVHXREMHFWLYRp
VHUHPPDLVFRPSHWLWLYDVQHFHVVLWDPVHPSUHGDPHOKRUFRPSHWrQFLDGLVSRQtYHODRQtYHOGRVUHFXUVRVKXPD
QRVWHQGHQGRDRSWDUSHORVPHOKRUHVTXHUVHMDPPXOKHUHVRXKRPHQV
$SDUWLOKDGDVPHOKRUHVSUiWLFDVWHPVHUHYHODGRDRQtYHOJOREDOXPLQVWUXPHQWREDVWDQWHHILFD]~WLO
HLPSRUWDQWH
(VVDVPHOKRUHVSUiWLFDVWrPYLQGRDUHIOHFWLUTXHDSURPRomRGDLJXDOGDGHQmRpDSHQDVXPDTXHVWmR
GHpWLFDRXGHREMHFWLYRVSROtWLFDHOHJDOPHQWHLPSRVWRV(ODJHUDYDQWDJHQVFRPSHWLWLYDVSHUPLWLQGRTXHRV
TXDGURVFRQWULEXDPGHFLVLYDPHQWHSDUDDFRQFUHWL]DomRSOHQDGRSRWHQFLDOGDVHPSUHVDV
eQHVWHHQTXDGUDPHQWRTXHD&,3HQWHQGHTXHDSURPRomRGHPXOKHUHVSDUDRFXSDomRGHFDUJRVGH
GHFLVmR FRQVLVWH QXP LQYHVWLPHQWR HP DPELHQWHV GH WUDEDOKR PDLV SURGXWLYRV LQRYDGRUHV H HVWLPXODQWHV
SURGX]LQGRPHOKRULDVQRPHUFDGRGHWUDEDOKRHPJHUDO
(RTXHpTXHRV3DUFHLURV6RFLDLVWrPIHLWR"
6RILD%DLmR+RUWD
6.
2V3DUFHLURV6RFLDLVQRkPELWRGRGLiORJRVRFLDOGHIRUPDELSDUWLGDRXHPFRQFHUWDomRWULSDUWLGDFRPR
*RYHUQRWrPHPFRQMXQWRGHILQLGRDVSROtWLFDVRULHQWDGRUDVQHVWDVPDWpULDV
(P WHUPRV LQWHUQDFLRQDLV SDUD DOpP GDV &RQYHQo}HV GD 2,7 Qž GH VREUH LJXDOGDGH GH
UHPXQHUDomR Qž GH VREUH 3URWHFomR GD PDWHUQLGDGH Qž GH VREUH 'LVFULPLQDomR
HPSUHJRHSURILVVmRHQžGHVREUHWUDEDOKDGRUHVFRPUHVSRQVDELOLGDGHVIDPLOLDUHV±WRGDVHODV
UDWLILFDGDVSHOR(VWDGRSRUWXJXrV±RWHPDGD,JXDOGDGHGH*pQHURIRLDLQGDUHFHQWHPHQWHREMHFWRGHGLV
FXVVmRQRkPELWRGDVHVVmRGD&RQIHUrQFLD,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKRGD2,7UHDOL]DGDHP
'HVWDFDVHWDPEpPRWUDEDOKRTXHWHPVLGRGHVHQYROYLGRSHORV3DUFHLURV6RFLDLVQD8(%86,1(6
6(8523(±QDTXDOD&,3VHLQWHJUD±8($30(H&((3GRODGRSDWURQDOHD&RQIHGHUDomR(XURSHLDGH
6LQGLFDWRV&(6GRODGRVLQGLFDOQRVHQWLGRGHDVVXPLUHPDFRQGXomRGHVWDPDWpULDDRQtYHO(XURSHX
$VVLPVDOLHQWDVHHPSULPHLUROXJDUR³$FRUGR4XDGURVREUHD/LFHQoD3DUHQWDO´TXHDVUHIHULGDV
RUJDQL]Do}HVVXEVFUHYHUDPQRGLDGH-XQKRGHGHVWLQDGRDUHYHUHODVPHVPDVRWH[WRFRPXQLWiULR
TXHMiWLQKDPDOFDQoDGRWDPEpPSRUDFRUGRHPOHLDVHD'LUHFWLYD&(GR&RQVHOKRGHGH
-XQKRGHUHODWLYDDR$FRUGR4XDGURVREUH/LFHQoD3DUHQWDO
(VWH $FRUGR IRL SRVWHULRUPHQWH HQGHUHoDGR j &RPLVVmR (XURSHLD UHTXHUHQGR D VXD VXEPLVVmR DR
&RQVHOKR(XURSHXSRUIRUPDDWRUQDURVHXFRQWH~GRGHFXPSULPHQWRREULJDWyULRQRV(VWDGRV0HPEURVGD
8(RXVHMDUHYHQGRDFLWDGD'LUHFWLYDQRVWHUPRVDFRUGDGRVHQWUHRV3DUFHLURV6RFLDLV
(PJHUDORREMHFWLYRGRGLWR$FRUGRFRQVLVWLXHPIL[DUPHWDVPtQLPDVSDUDDOLFHQoDSDUHQWDOUHFR
QKHFHQGRSRUWDQWRTXHHVWDPDWpULDFRQVWLWXLXPLPSRUWDQWHPHLRQD8(SDUDSURPRYHUDFRQFLOLDomRHQWUH
DYLGDIDPLOLDUHSURILVVLRQDOHDLJXDOGDGHGHRSRUWXQLGDGHVHGHWUDWDPHQWRHQWUHKRPHQVHPXOKHUHV
$VVLPIRLHQWUHWDQWRSXEOLFDGDD'LUHFWLYD8(GR&RQVHOKRGHGH0DUoRGHTXH
DSOLFDR$FRUGR4XDGURUHYLVWRVREUHOLFHQoDSDUHQWDOFHOHEUDGRHQWUHD%86,1(66(8523(D8($30(
R&((3HD&(6HTXHUHYRJDD'LUHFWLYD&(GR&RQVHOKRGHGH-XQKRGH
(PVHJXQGROXJDUDLQGDDRQtYHO(XURSHXUHFRUGDVHWDPEpPR³4XDGURGHDFo}HVUHODWLYDVj,JXDO
GDGHGH*pQHUR´DOFDQoDGRSHODVMiFLWDGDVRUJDQL]Do}HVHPGH0DUoRGHDRDEULJRGRTXDOD&,3
D 8*7 H D &*73,1 WrP HODERUDGR H UHPHWLGR D %UX[HODV UHODWyULRV FRQMXQWRV GH DFRPSDQKDPHQWR H
GHVHQYROYLPHQWRGRPHVPRQRkPELWRQDFLRQDOUHODWLYDPHQWHjVVHJXLQWHVPDWpULDV
DERUGDUDWHPiWLFDGRJpQHUR
SURPRYHUDVPXOKHUHVQRVSURFHVVRVGHGHFLVmR
DSRLDUDFRQFLOLDomRHQWUHDYLGDIDPLOLDUHRWUDEDOKR
GDUUHVSRVWDjVGLIHUHQoDVVDODULDLVJHQGHUSD\JDS
$RQtYHOQDFLRQDOHVWDPDWpULDWDPEpPIRLREMHFWRGHGLVFXVVmRHDFRUGRHQWUHRV3DUFHLURV6RFLDLV
'HIDFWRQRkPELWRGR³$FRUGR7ULSDUWLGRSDUDXP1RYR6LVWHPDGH5HJXODomRGDV5HODo}HV/DER
UDLVGDV3ROtWLFDVGH(PSUHJRHGD3URWHFomR6RFLDOHP3RUWXJDO´DOFDQoDGRHPGH-XQKRGHQD
&RQFHUWDomR 6RFLDO D &RPSHWLWLYLGDGH H D ,JXDOGDGH GH 2SRUWXQLGDGHV IRUDP REMHFWR GH GLVFXVVmR FRP
PHGLGDV UHIOHFWLGDV HP GXDV JUDQGHV RUGHQV GH PDWpULDV TXH HQWUH VL PHVPDV VH UHODFLRQDP D GXUDomR H
RUJDQL]DomRGRWHPSRGHWUDEDOKRHDFRQFLOLDomRHQWUHDYLGDSURILVVLRQDOHDYLGDIDPLOLDU
7HQGR HP FRQWD TXH DV QHFHVVLGDGHV GH SURGXomR H GH DMXVWDPHQWR GD YLGD SURILVVLRQDO H IDPLOLDU
OHYDUDPRVWUDEDOKDGRUHVHDVHPSUHVDVDIOH[LELOL]DUHPDRUJDQL]DomRGRWHPSRGHWUDEDOKRLPSHOLQGRRV
SDUDVLWXDo}HVGHDOJXPDLQIRUPDOLGDGHRUHIHULGR$FRUGRTXHWUDoRXDVOLQKDVJHUDLVGHUHYLVmR&yGLJRGR
7UDEDOKRMiHPYLJRUUHIOHFWHXPDVpULHGHPHGLGDVGHVWLQDGDVDDOFDQoDUXPFHUWRHTXLOtEULRHQWUHRVLQWH
UHVVHVHPFDXVD
$VVLPDIOH[LELOLGDGHLQWURGX]LGDDRQtYHOGDRUJDQL]DomRGRWHPSRGHWUDEDOKRWUDGX]LGDHPILJXUDV
FRPRDDGDSWDELOLGDGHJUXSDOSRUSUHYLVmRHPFRQYHQomRFROHFWLYDRXHPUHVXOWDGRGHDFRUGRVLQGLYLGXDLV
D H[LVWrQFLD GH KRUiULRV FRQFHQWUDGRV WDPEpP SRU FRQYHQomR FROHFWLYD RX DFRUGR LQGLYLGXDO R EDQFR GH
KRUDVGHVGHTXHSUHYLVWRSRUFRQYHQomRFROHFWLYDRXDSRVVLELOLGDGHGHSRUDFRUGRID]HUDFRPSHQVDomR
HQWUHWUDEDOKRUHDOL]DGRIRUDGRKRUiULRHDXVrQFLDVSRULQLFLDWLYDGRWUDEDOKDGRUWUDGX]XPTXDGURHPTXH
FRPH[FHSomRGR³EDQFRGHKRUDV´DUHODomRGLUHFWDHQWUHRWUDEDOKDGRUHRUHVSHFWLYRHPSUHJDGRUJDQKD
23$3(/'263$5&(,52662&,$,61$35202d­2'$,*8$/'$'('(*e1(5212
75$%$/+22(48,/Ë%5,2'(,17(5(66(6$3(563(&7,9$'$&,3
PDLRUFRQWH~GRQHJRFLDOPDQWHQGRDFRQWUDWDomRFROHFWLYDFRPRPHFDQLVPRGHDMXVWDPHQWRjVHVSHFLILFL
GDGHVVHFWRULDLVHHPSUHVDULDLVDGHWHUSULPD]LDHODWLWXGHEHPVXSHULRU
5HOHPEUDPVH DLQGD DV DOWHUDo}HV LQWURGX]LGDV QR UHJLPH GH WUDEDOKR D WHPSR SDUFLDO PRGDOLGDGH
FRQWUDWXDOMiKiPXLWRXWLOL]DGDFRPH[WUDRUGLQiULDSRSXODULGDGHHVXFHVVRQRVSDtVHVQyUGLFRVGD8(
&RQVLGHUDVH DOLiV TXH DV LQRYDo}HV LQWURGX]LGDV QR UHJLPH GHVWD ILJXUD ± HOLPLQDomR GR FULWpULR
TXDQWLWDWLYR GH GHOLPLWDomR GR WUDEDOKR D WHPSR SDUFLDO ± VmR VXVFHSWtYHLV GH D WRUQDU PDLV DSHWHFtYHO D
TXHPWHQGRSHVVRDVDVHXFDUJRQRPHDGDPHQWHFULDQoDVHLGRVRVQmRTXHLUDSHUGHUWRWDOPHQWHRFRQWDFWR
FRPRPXQGRGRWUDEDOKR
$PDLRUIOH[LELOLGDGHLQHUHQWHDHVWDVQRYDVILJXUDVHQFHUUDYLUWXDOLGDGHVQmRVySDUDDMXVWDPHQWRVjV
IOXWXDo}HVGDVQHFHVVLGDGHVHPSUHVDULDLVFRPRSRWHQFLDXPDPHOKRUDUWLFXODomRHQWUHDYLGDSURILVVLRQDOHD
YLGDIDPLOLDU
,JXDOPHQWHOLJDGRGHPRGRHVWUHLWRjGXUDomRHRUJDQL]DomRGRWHPSRGHWUDEDOKRHVREDLQYRFDomR
GRIRPHQWRGDQDWDOLGDGHSURWHFomRjIDPtOLDHFRQFLOLDomRHQWUHDYLGDSURILVVLRQDOHDYLGDIDPLOLDUYHULIL
FDVHHPVHGHGHSURWHFomRjSDUHQWDOLGDGHXPDFUpVFLPRGHGLDVGRSHUtRGRGHOLFHQoDSDUHQWDOLQLFLDO
QRFDVRGHDPERVRVSURJHQLWRUHVIRUDGRUHVSHFWLYRSHUtRGRH[FOXVLYRJR]DUHPGHPRGRQmRFRQFRPLWDQ
WHXPDSDUWHGDTXHODOLFHQoD
1RPHVPRGRPtQLRDXPHQWDVHGHSDUDGLDVDOLFHQoDREULJDWyULDDJR]DUSHORSDLHTXLSDUDPVH
RVDGRSWDQWHVDRVSURJHQLWRUHVSUHYrVHDVXEVWLWXLomRGRVSDLVSHORVDYyVQDSUHVWDomRGHDVVLVWrQFLDDQHWR
HPVLWXDo}HVGHGRHQoDRXDFLGHQWHGHVWH~OWLPRHLQWURGX]VHTXHUDGLVSHQVDSDUDDDYDOLDomRSDUDDDGRS
omRDRDEULJRGDTXDORVWUDEDOKDGRUHVWrPGLUHLWRDWUrVGLVSHQVDVGHWUDEDOKRSDUDGHVORFDomRDRVVHUYLoRV
GD6HJXUDQoD6RFLDORXUHFHSomRGRVWpFQLFRVQRGRPLFtOLRTXHURGLUHLWRDWUrVGLVSHQVDVSDUDDFRPSDQKD
PHQWRGDWUDEDOKDGRUDDFRQVXOWDVSUpQDWDLV
1RHQWDQWRRVUHVXOWDGRVTXHHVSHUDPRVDOFDQoDUDWUDYpVGDLPSOHPHQWDomRGDVFLWDGDVPHGLGDVOHJLV
ODWLYDVGHSHQGHP±HPXLWR±GDFRQFUHWL]DomRGHXPDUHGHDFHVVtYHOHHILFD]GHHTXLSDPHQWRVVRFLDLVGH
DSRLRjVIDPtOLDV
(QWUDDTXLRSDSHOGR(VWDGR
4XHSDVVDSHORGHVHQYROYLPHQWRGHXPDUHGHGHLQIUDHVWUXWXUDVGHDSRLRTXHFRQWHPSOHRVVHJXLQWHV
HOHPHQWRV
&REHUWXUDWRWDOGDVQHFHVVLGDGHVQRTXHUHVSHLWDDFUHFKHV
&UHFKHVFRPKRUiULRVDODUJDGRVHDXPFXVWRDFHVVtYHO
2UJDQL]DomRGHDSRLRVDDFWLYLGDGHVH[WUDFXUULFXODUHVHRUJDQL]DomRGRVWHPSRVOLYUHVTXHUUHODWLYD
PHQWH DR KRUiULR SyVHVFRODU TXHU UHODWLYDPHQWH jV IpULDV DWUDYpV GD DFWXDomR FRRUGHQDGD FRP R
0LQLVWpULRGD(GXFDomRHVFRODVXQLYHUVLGDGHVH$XWDUTXLDV/RFDLV
)DFLOLGDGHVGHWUDQVSRUWHVSDUDHIHLWRVGHVWDVDFWLYLGDGHV
$SRLRVDRDFRPSDQKDPHQWRHVFRODUGHQWURGDVSUySULDVHVFRODV
3RURXWURODGRHQmRPHQRVLPSRUWDQWHLPSRUWDWDOFRPRMiVHGLVVHLPSOHPHQWDUDRQtYHOHGXFDWLYRXPD
DWLWXGHGHSDUWLOKDGHUHVSRQVDELOLGDGHVHGHWDUHIDVHQWUHKRPHQVHPXOKHUHVSDUDFRPEDWHUGHVGHDHVFROD
RVHVWHUHyWLSRV
(PVXPDGDHYROXomRWUDoDGDTXHUDRQtYHOLQWHUQDFLRQDOHXURSHXHQDFLRQDOUHVVDOWDSRLVRSDSHO
FHQWUDOTXHD2,7DWUDYpVGDVXDDFWXDomRWHYHQDSURVVHFXomRGRSULQFtSLRGDLJXDOGDGHGHJpQHUR
A Acção da OIT para Concretizar a Igualdade de Género
+HOHQD5REHUW
&RQVHOKHLUD7pFQLFDH'HOHJDGDj&RQIHUrQFLD,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKR
7HUHVD3DFFHWWL
&RQVHOKHLUD7pFQLFDH'HOHJDGDj&RQIHUrQFLD,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKR
Resumo | (VWHDUWLJRDERUGDDVSULQFLSDLVQRUPDVLQWHUQDFLRQDLVGRWUDEDOKRSDUDSURPRYHUDLJXDOGDGHGH
JpQHUR QR WUDEDOKR GHVGH D IXQGDomR GD 2UJDQL]DomR ,QWHUQDFLRQDO GR 7UDEDOKR HP H GHVWDFDVH R
SDSHOSUHFXUVRUGD2UJDQL]DomRQRTXDGURGDV1Do}HV8QLGDV
5HIHUHDLPSRUWkQFLDGDDFomRQRUPDWLYDGD2,7GRVLQVWUXPHQWRVFULDGRVSDUDDQDOLVDUDVLWXDomRGRVSDt
VHV HP PDWpULD GH FXPSULPHQWR GDV QRUPDV H D DVVLVWrQFLD WpFQLFD TXH p SURSRUFLRQDGD DRV (VWDGRV
0HPEURV
Abstract | “The ILO's Work to Achieve Gender Equality” 7KLVDUWLFOHDGGUHVVHVWKHNH\LQWHUQDWLRQDO
ODERXUVWDQGDUGVWRSURPRWHJHQGHUHTXDOLW\DWZRUNVLQFHWKHIRXQGLQJRIWKH,QWHUQDWLRQDO/DERXU2UJDQL
]DWLRQLQDQGKLJKOLJKWVWKHSLRQHHULQJUROHRIWKH,/2ZLWKLQWKH8QLWHG1DWLRQVV\VWHP,WUHIHUVWR
WKHLPSRUWDQFHRIQRUPDWLYHDFWLRQRIWKH,/2WKHLQVWUXPHQWVFUHDWHGLQRUGHUWRDQDOLVHWKHVLWXDWLRQRIWKH
FRXQWULHVLQWHUPVRIFRPSOLDQFHDQGWKHWHFKQLFDODVVLVWDQFHJLYHQWR0HPEHU6WDWHV
BBBBBBBBBB
$2,7($,*8$/'$'('(*e1(5212081'2'275$%$/+2&DGHUQRV6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRQžSS
$$&d­2'$2,73$5$&21&5(7,=$5$,*8$/'$'('(*e1(52
'HVGHDVXDIXQGDomRD2UJDQL]DomR,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKRUHFRQKHFHFRPRSULQFtSLRIXQGDPHQWDOD
LJXDOGDGHGHGLUHLWRVGHWRGRVRVVHUHVKXPDQRV
$ &RQVWLWXLomR GD 2UJDQL]DomR DGRSWDGD HP HQXQFLDYD Mi HVWH SULQFtSLR TXH IRL UHDILUPDGR
SRVWHULRUPHQWHQD'HFODUDomRGH)LODGpOILDDGRSWDGDSHOD&RQIHUrQFLD,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKRHP
QRVVHJXLQWHVWHUPRV³7RGRVRVVHUHVKXPDQRVTXDOTXHUTXHVHMDDVXDUDoDDVXDFUHQoDRXRVHXVH[RWrP
RGLUHLWRGHHIHFWXDURVHXSURJUHVVRPDWHULDOHRVHXGHVHQYROYLPHQWRHVSLULWXDOHPOLEHUGDGHHFRPGLJQL
GDGHFRPVHJXUDQoDHFRQyPLFDHFRPRSRUWXQLGDGHVLJXDLV´
1D PHVPD VHVVmR GH D &RQIHUrQFLD UHFRQKHFLD WDPEpP FRPR REULJDomR GD 2UJDQL]DomR
VHFXQGDUDDSOLFDomRSHODVGLIHUHQWHVQDo}HVGRPXQGRGHSURJUDPDVDGHTXDGRVDUHDOL]DUHPSDUWLFXODUD
JDUDQWLDGHLJXDLVRSRUWXQLGDGHVQRGRPtQLRHGXFDWLYRHSURILVVLRQDOSDUDWRGRVRVVHUHVKXPDQRVLQGHSHQ
GHQWHPHQWHGDUDoDFUHQoDRXVH[R
'HVGHRILPGDVHJXQGDJXHUUDPXQGLDOD2UJDQL]DomR,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKRFRQYHQFLGDGHTXH
XPDSD]GXUiYHOQmRSRGHVHUHVWDEHOHFLGDVHQmRQDEDVHGDMXVWLoDVRFLDOHVIRUoRXVHSRULQWURGX]LURSULQ
FtSLRGDLJXDOGDGHGHWRGRVRVVHUHVKXPDQRVQRVGLYHUVRVGRPtQLRVGDVXDDFomR
(PFRQVHTXrQFLDWRGDDDFWLYLGDGHGD2UJDQL]DomRVHWHPEDVHDGRVREUHHVWHSULQFtSLRIXQGDPHQWDO
FRQWULEXLQGRODUJDPHQWHSDUDDVXDDSOLFDomRQDVYiULDVUHJL}HVGRPXQGR
2V(VWDGRV0HPEURVGD2,7GHYHPVXEVFUHYrORVHPUHVHUYDHFRPSURPHWHUVHDSDUWLFLSDUQRREMHF
WLYRFROHFWLYRGHHOLPLQDUDGLVFULPLQDomRHGHSURPRYHUDLJXDOGDGH
$HOLPLQDomRGDGLVFULPLQDomRIXQGDGDQRVH[RQRGRPtQLRGRVDOiULRFRQVWLWXLXPGRVHOHPHQWRVGD
SROtWLFDJHUDOGHSURPRomRGDLJXDOGDGHGHJpQHURQRPHUFDGRGHWUDEDOKR$VVLPGRWH[WRLQLFLDOGD&RQVWL
WXLomR GD 2,7 ILJXUDYD Mi HQWUH RV ³SULQFtSLRV GH XPD LPSRUWkQFLD SDUWLFXODU H XUJHQWH´ ³R SULQFtSLR GR
VDOiULRLJXDOVHPGLVWLQomRGHVH[RSDUDXPWUDEDOKRGHYDORULJXDO´DUWžž
3RUVXDYH]R3UHkPEXORGD&RQVWLWXLomRWDOFRPRHPHQGDGDHPHTXHVHPDQWpPDFWXDOPHQWH
HP YLJRU SURFODPRX D XUJrQFLD HP PHOKRUDU DV FRQGLo}HV GHWUDEDOKR QRPHDGDPHQWH QR TXH UHVSHLWD DR
UHFRQKHFLPHQWRGDDILUPDomRGDTXHOHSULQFtSLR
2SULQFtSLRGDQmRGLVFULPLQDomRHRSULQFtSLRGRVDOiULRLJXDOSDUDWUDEDOKRGHYDORULJXDOHQFRQWUDP
VHGHVGHFHGRH[SUHVVDPHQWHPHQFLRQDGRVHPYiULRVLQVWUXPHQWRVDGRSWDGRVSHOD&RQIHUrQFLD,QWHUQDFLR
QDOGR7UDEDOKR
&RPHIHLWRMiHPQD5HFRPHQGDomRQžVREUHRVPpWRGRVGHIL[DomRGRVVDOiULRVPtQLPRV
D &RQIHUrQFLD FKDPDYD D DWHQomR GRV JRYHUQRV SDUD ³R SULQFtSLR GR VDOiULR LJXDO VHP GLVWLQomR GH VH[R
SDUDXPWUDEDOKRGHYDORULJXDOTXHHVWiFRQVDJUDGRQRDUWLJRžGD&RQVWLWXLomRGD2UJDQL]DomR,QWHUQD
FLRQDOGR7UDEDOKR´YHMDVHD3DUWH%GHVWHLQVWUXPHQWR
7DPEpP D 5HFRPHQGDomR QžDGRSWDGD HP VREUH D RUJDQL]DomRGRWUDEDOKR QR GHFXUVR GD
WUDQVLomRGDJXHUUDSDUDDSD]HVWDEHOHFLDQRVHXQž
³$ILPGHFRORFDUDVPXOKHUHVHPSpGHLJXDOGDGHFRPRVKRPHQVQRPHUFDGRGHWUDEDOKRHHYLWDUDVVLP
SDUD RV WUDEDOKDGRUHV GLVSRQtYHLV XPD FRQFRUUrQFLD SUHMXGLFLDO SDUD WRGRV GHYHULDP VHU WRPDGDV PHGLGDV
SDUDHQFRUDMDURHVWDEHOHFLPHQWRGHWD[DVGHVDOiULREDVHDGDVQDQDWXUH]DGRWUDEDOKRVHPGLVWLQomRGHVH[R
'HYHULDPVHUIHLWRVLQTXpULWRVHPFRODERUDomRFRPDVRUJDQL]Do}HVGHHPSUHJDGRUHVHGHWUDEDOKDGRUHV
WHQGRHPYLVWDHVWDEHOHFHUSDUDDGHWHUPLQDomRGDQDWXUH]DGRWUDEDOKRQRUPDVSUHFLVDVHREMHFWLYDVVHP
FRQVLGHUDomRGRVH[RGRWUDEDOKDGRUSDUDVHUYLUGHEDVHSDUDDIL[DomRGDVWD[DVGHVDOiULR´
+HOHQD5REHUW7HUHVD3DFFHWWL
&RQWXGRIRLFRPDDGRSomRHPGD&RQYHQomRQžHGD5HFRPHQGDomRQžVREUHDLJXDOGDGH
GHUHPXQHUDomRHQWUHDPmRGHREUDIHPLQLQDHDPmRGHREUDPDVFXOLQDSDUDXPWUDEDOKRGHYDORULJXDOH
HPGD&RQYHQomRQžHGD5HFRPHQGDomRQžVREUHDLJXDOGDGHQRHPSUHJRHQDSURILVVmR
TXHD2,7FRPHoRXDFRQFUHWL]DUGHIRUPDHIHFWLYDDWUDYpVGDVXDDFomRQRUPDWLYDRVHXFRPSURPLVVRQD
HOLPLQDomRGHWRGDVDVIRUPDVGHGLVFULPLQDomRQRHPSUHJRTXDLVTXHUTXHVHMDPRVHXIXQGDPHQWRHDVXD
IRUPDQRPHDGDPHQWHFRPEDVHQRVH[R
,QWLPDPHQWHOLJDGDVjTXHVWmRGDGLVFULPLQDomRIXQGDGDQRVH[RHVWmRDVIRUPDVLQGLUHFWDVGHGLVFUL
PLQDomRSRUPRWLYRGHJUDYLGH]HSRUPRWLYRGHREULJDo}HVIDPLOLDUHV
$VVLP SDUD DOpP GDV FRQYHQo}HV QRV H DWUiV UHIHULGDV SRGHP FRQVLGHUDUVH FRQYHQo}HV
FKDYH SDUD REYLDU jV UHIHULGDV IRUPDV LQGLUHFWDV GH GLVFULPLQDomR DV WUrV FRQYHQo}HV VREUH SURWHFomR GD
PDWHUQLGDGH D &RQYHQomR Qž DGRSWDGD SHOD &RQIHUrQFLD HP D &RQYHQomR Qž DGRSWDGD HP
HD&RQYHQomRQžDGRSWDGDHPHD&RQYHQomRQžVREUHRVWUDEDOKDGRUHVFRPUHVSRQ
VDELOLGDGHVIDPLOLDUHVDGRSWDGDHP
6HQRLQtFLRGD2UJDQL]DomRQRFRQWH[WRGRWUDEDOKRGDVPXOKHUHVRDFHQWRIRLSRVWRVREUHWXGRQD
VXDSURWHFomRFRQWUDFRQGLo}HVGHWUDEDOKRGHPDVLDGRSHQRVDVHSHULJRVDVSDUDDVXDVD~GHGHSRLVGDDGRS
omRGDVFRQYHQo}HVQžVHDVVLVWLXVHDXPDHYROXomRGHQWURGD2UJDQL]DomRQRVHQWLGRGDSURPRomR
GDLJXDOGDGHHQWUHKRPHQVHPXOKHUHV
7HQGRHPYLVWDHVVHREMHFWLYRHPD&RQIHUrQFLDDGRSWRXD'HFODUDomRGHLJXDOGDGHGHRSRUWX
QLGDGHV H WUDWDPHQWR SDUDDV WUDEDOKDGRUDV H XPD 5HVROXomR UHVSHLWDQWH DR SODQR GH DFomR SDUD SURPRYHU
HVVDLJXDOGDGH
$RORQJRGRVDQRVD2,7WHPYLQGRDDFWXDOL]DURVVHXVSODQRVGHDFomRQHVWHGRPtQLR
'H]DQRVGHSRLVHPD&RQIHUrQFLDDSyVGLVFXVVmRHDYDOLDomRGRVSURJUHVVRVHGLILFXOGDGHVQR
TXHUHVSHLWDjH[HFXomRGDTXHOD'HFODUDomRDGRSWRXXPD5HVROXomRVREUHDLJXDOGDGHGHRSRUWXQLGDGHVH
GHWUDWDPHQWRHQWUHRVWUDEDOKDGRUHVHWUDEDOKDGRUDVHPPDWpULDGHHPSUHJR1HODVHUHIHUHDQHFHVVLGDGHGH
PHGLGDVTXHUHYHMDPDOHJLVODomRSURWHFWRUDTXHVHDSOLFDjVPXOKHUHVWHQGRHPFRQWDQRYRVFRQKHFLPHQWRV
FLHQWtILFRVHPRGLILFDo}HVWpFQLFDVHSDUDUHYHUHHVWHQGHUDWRGRVRVWUDEDOKDGRUHVFRPSOHWDUPDQWHURX
UHYRJDUHVVDOHJLVODomRGHDFRUGRFRPDVQHFHVVLGDGHVHDVFLUFXQVWkQFLDVGHFDGDSDtVHVVDVPHGLGDVGHYH
ULDPWHQGHUDPHOKRUDUDTXDOLGDGHGHYLGDHDSURPRYHUDLJXDOGDGHHQWUHKRPHQVHPXOKHUHV
8PDGDVPHGLGDVSUHFRQL]DGDVYHLRDFRQFUHWL]DUVHQDDFomRHPSUHHQGLGDSDUDUHYHUDVQRUPDVGD
2,7 VREUH R WUDEDOKR QRFWXUQR GDV PXOKHUHV TXDQGR D &RQIHUrQFLD ,QWHUQDFLRQDO GR 7UDEDOKR HP DGRSWRXXP3URWRFRORTXHUHYLXD&RQYHQomRQžVREUHRWUDEDOKRQRFWXUQRPXOKHUHVGHLQWURGX
]LQGRDOWHUDo}HVjGXUDomRGRSHUtRGRQRFWXUQRHGHUURJDo}HVjSURLELomRGRWUDEDOKRQRFWXUQRGDVPXOKHUHV
QDLQG~VWULDHDLQGDXPD&RQYHQomRQžHXPD5HFRPHQGDomRQž VREUHRWUDEDOKRQRFWXUQR
TXH SURWHJHP VLPXOWDQHDPHQWH RV KRPHQV H DV PXOKHUHV TXH SUHVWDP WUDEDOKR QRFWXUQR FRP GLVSRVLo}HV
HVSHFLDLVSDUDDVPXOKHUHVJUiYLGDVHSXpUSHUDV
1R DQR VHJXLQWH HP D &RQIHUrQFLD ,QWHUQDFLRQDO GR 7UDEDOKR DGRSWRX RXWUD 5HVROXomR HVWD
UHODWLYDjDFomRGD2,7HPIDYRUGDVWUDEDOKDGRUDV QDVHTXrQFLDGDTXDODPDLRUSDUWHGRVSURJUDPDVGR
%,7SDVVRXDLQWHJUDUDFWLYLGDGHVYLVDQGRHVSHFLDOPHQWHPHOKRUDUDVLWXDomRGDVWUDEDOKDGRUDV
2FUHVFHQWHUHFRQKHFLPHQWRGHTXHDLJXDOGDGHHQWUHKRPHQVHPXOKHUHVpQmRVyXPDTXHVWmRGHMXV
WLoDVRFLDOPDVWDPEpPVHMXVWLILFDHPJUDQGHSDUWHQRSODQRHFRQyPLFRFRQWULEXLXODUJDPHQWHSDUDDHOHYD
omRGRQtYHOHGDLQWHQVLGDGHGRVGHEDWHVVREUHHVWHWHPDQRVHLRGD2UJDQL]DomR3RGHFRQVLGHUDUVHTXH
QHVWDPDWpULDD2UJDQL]DomR,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKRGHVHPSHQKRXXPSDSHOSUHFXUVRUHQWUHDVLQVWLWXL
o}HVGDV1Do}HV8QLGDV
$V&RQYHQo}HVQRVHDSDUGDVFRQYHQo}HVVREUHDOLEHUGDGHGHDVVRFLDomRHRUHFRQKHFL
PHQWRHIHFWLYRGRGLUHLWRGHQHJRFLDomRFROHFWLYDVREUHDHOLPLQDomRGHWRGDVDVIRUPDVGHWUDEDOKRIRUoDGR
RXREULJDWyULRHVREUHDDEROLomRHIHFWLYDGRWUDEDOKRLQIDQWLOVmRFRQVLGHUDGDVFRQYHQo}HVIXQGDPHQWDLVGD
2,7FXMDUDWLILFDomRD2,7WHPYLQGRDSURPRYHU
3DUDHVVDSURPRomRFRQWULEXLXHPODUJDPHGLGDD'HFODUDomRUHODWLYDDRVSULQFtSLRVHGLUHLWRVIXQGD
PHQWDLV QR WUDEDOKR DGRSWDGD SHOD &RQIHUrQFLD QD VXD VHVVmR GH Mi TXH QRV WHUPRV GD PHVPD RV
(VWDGRVQmRUDWLILFDQWHVSDVVDUDPDWHUGHDSUHVHQWDUUHODWyULRVSHULyGLFRVVREUHRHVWDGRGDUHVSHFWLYDOHJLV
ODomRHSUiWLFDHPPDWpULDGHSULQFtSLRVHGLUHLWRVIXQGDPHQWDLVQRWUDEDOKR
&RPHIHLWRQRVWHUPRVGDTXHOD'HFODUDomRRV(VWDGRV0HPEURVGD2,7PHVPRTXDQGRQmRWHQKDP
UDWLILFDGRDVFRQYHQo}HVTXHFRQFUHWL]DPDTXHOHVSULQFtSLRVHGLUHLWRVWrPDREULJDomRSHORVLPSOHVIDFWRGH
$$&d­2'$2,73$5$&21&5(7,=$5$,*8$/'$'('(*e1(52
SHUWHQFHUHPj2UJDQL]DomRGHUHVSHLWDUSURPRYHUHUHDOL]DUGHERDIpHGHDFRUGRFRPD&RQVWLWXLomRRV
SULQFtSLRVUHVSHLWDQWHVDRVGLUHLWRVIXQGDPHQWDLVTXHVmRREMHFWRGHVVDVFRQYHQo}HVGHVLJQDGDPHQWHDVTXH
VHUHIHUHPjHOLPLQDomRGDGLVFULPLQDomRHPPDWpULDGHHPSUHJRHGHSURILVVmR
$FWXDOPHQWHD&RQYHQomRQžHQFRQWUDVHMiUDWLILFDGDSRU(VWDGRV0HPEURVHD&RQYHQomR
QžSRU(VWDGRV0HPEURV'HWRGRVRV(VWDGRV0HPEURVGD2,7DSHQDVQmRUDWLILFDUDPD&RQ
YHQomRQžHQmRUDWLILFDUDPD&RQYHQomRQž
6mRDVVLPGRVLQVWUXPHQWRVGD2,7TXHUHFHEHUDP PDLRU DGHVmR2Q~PHURHOHYDGRGHUDWLILFDo}HV
WUDGX]EHPDDFHLWDomRTXDVHXQLYHUVDOGRSULQFtSLRGDLJXDOGDGHQRHPSUHJRHQDSURILVVmRHGRSULQFtSLR
GDLJXDOGDGHGHUHPXQHUDomR
$DERUGDJHPJOREDOGDLJXDOGDGHHQWUHKRPHQVHPXOKHUHVID]WDPEpPSDUWHLQWHJUDQWHGD$JHQGDGR
7UDEDOKR'LJQRDGRSWDGDSHOD&RQIHUrQFLD,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKRQDVXDVHVVmRGHQDVHTXrQFLD
GD 'HFODUDomR UHODWLYD DRV SULQFtSLRV H GLUHLWRV IXQGDPHQWDLV QR WUDEDOKR H TXH WHP SRU REMHFWLYR JHUDO
PHOKRUDUDYLGDGHFDGDWUDEDOKDGRUWDQWRDQtYHOQDFLRQDOFRPRDQtYHOORFDO
$ DSOLFDomR GD $JHQGD SDVVD SHOR GHVHQYROYLPHQWR FRRUGHQDGR HLQWHJUDGR GH GLYHUVDV DFWLYLGDGHV
HVWUDWpJLFDV H LQVWLWXFLRQDLV TXH FREUHP RV REMHFWLYRV HVWUDWpJLFRV GD 2,7 D VDEHU HPSUHJR SURWHFomR
VRFLDOGLiORJRVRFLDOHWULSDUWLVPREHPFRPRRVSULQFtSLRVHGLUHLWRVIXQGDPHQWDLVQRWUDEDOKRLPSOHPHQ
WDGRVQRPHDGDPHQWHDWUDYpVGDVQRUPDVLQWHUQDFLRQDLVGRWUDEDOKR$TXHVWmRGDLJXDOGDGHHQWUHKRPHQVH
PXOKHUHVGHYHVHUFRQVLGHUDGDFRPRFRPXPDHVVHVREMHFWLYRV
3RVWHULRUPHQWHHPD&RQIHUrQFLDYHLRDDGRSWDUD'HFODUDomRVREUHDMXVWLoDVRFLDOSDUDXPD
PXQGLDOL]DomRMXVWD
(VWD'HFODUDomRFRQVWLWXLXPDUHDILUPDomRGRVYDORUHVGD2,7GLVSRQGRTXH³QXPFRQWH[WRPDUFDGR
SHODDFHOHUDomRGDVPXGDQoDVRVFRPSURPLVVRVHRVHVIRUoRVGRVPHPEURVGD2UJDQL]DomRTXHYLVDPDSOL
FDURPDQGDWRFRQVWLWXFLRQDOGD2,7QRPHDGDPHQWHDWUDYpVGDVQRUPDVLQWHUQDFLRQDLVGRWUDEDOKRHFROR
FDU R SOHQR HPSUHJR SURGXWLYR H R WUDEDOKR GLJQR QR FHQWUR GDV SROtWLFDV HFRQyPLFDV H VRFLDLV GHYHULDP
IXQGDUVHQRVTXDWURREMHFWLYRVGD2,7GHLJXDOLPSRUWkQFLDHPWRUQRGRVTXDLVVHDUWLFXODD$JHQGDGR
WUDEDOKRGLJQR´
$ PHVPD 'HFODUDomR SUHFRQL]D TXH D LJXDOGDGH HQWUH KRPHQV H PXOKHUHV H D QmR GLVFULPLQDomR
GHYHPVHUFRQVLGHUDGRVFRPRTXHVW}HVWUDQVYHUVDLVjTXHOHVTXDWURREMHFWLYRVHVWUDWpJLFRV
(PQD&RQIHUrQFLD,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKRQDVHTXrQFLDGDGLVFXVVmRGHXPGRVSRQWRVGD
RUGHPGHWUDEDOKRVXERUGLQDGDDRWHPD³DLJXDOGDGHHQWUHKRPHQVHPXOKHUHVQRFHQWURGRWUDEDOKRGLJQR´
IRLDGRSWDGDXPD5HVROXomRQDTXDOVHSUHFRQL]DTXHSDUDDDSOLFDomRGD'HFODUDomRVREUHDMXVWLoDVRFLDO
SDUDXPDPXQGLDOL]DomRMXVWDD2,7GHYHUiUHIRUoDUDVXDSROtWLFDHRVHXSURJUDPDGHWUDEDOKRSDUDDSUR
PRomRGDLJXDOGDGHHQWUHKRPHQVHPXOKHUHVQRFHQWURGRWUDEDOKRGLJQR
$DFHLWDomRGRVSULQFtSLRVGDLJXDOGDGHHGDQmRGLVFULPLQDomRHQWUHKRPHQVHPXOKHUHVQHPVHPSUH
pDFRPSDQKDGDGDDSOLFDomRHIHFWLYDGDVFRQYHQo}HVFKDYHQHVWDPDWpULDSRUSDUWHGRV(VWDGRVTXHDVUDWLIL
FDUDP
&RPYLVWDjDSOLFDomRHIHFWLYDGHVVHVLQVWUXPHQWRVWHPVLGRPXLWRLPSRUWDQWHDDFomRGRVyUJmRVGH
FRQWUROHGD2,7D&RPLVVmRGH3HULWRVSDUDDDSOLFDomRGDV&RQYHQo}HVH5HFRPHQGDo}HVHD&RPLVVmRGH
$SOLFDomRGDV1RUPDVGD&RQIHUrQFLD,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKRTXHGHVHPSHQKDPXPLPSRUWDQWHSDSHO
GHDQiOLVHGDVLWXDomRGRVSDtVHVHP PDWpULDGHFXPSULPHQWRGDVVXDVGLVSRVLo}HVHGHDFRQVHOKDPHQWRH
RULHQWDomRFRPYLVWDjFRQIRUPLGDGHGDOHJLVODomRHGDSUiWLFDQDFLRQDLVFRPDVGLVSRVLo}HVGDTXHOHVLQV
WUXPHQWRV
3DUDD&RPLVVmRGH3HULWRVDFRQVDJUDomRGRSULQFtSLRGDLJXDOGDGHQmRVHWUDGX]VyHPHOLPLQDUD
QtYHOQDFLRQDOQRUPDVMXUtGLFDVHSROtWLFDVTXHHVWHMDPQDRULJHPGHYDQWDJHQVRXGHGHVYDQWDJHQVHPIXQ
omR GR VH[R PDV WDPEpP HP DVVHJXUDU XPD LJXDOGDGH HIHFWLYD HQWUH RV VH[RV LJXDOGDGH TXH SDVVD SHODV
PHVPDVRSRUWXQLGDGHVHQWUHDVPXOKHUHVHRVKRPHQVQRWUDEDOKR3DUDHODDVGLIHUHQoDVHQWUHRVKRPHQVH
DVPXOKHUHVQRWUDEDOKRVyH[FHSFLRQDOPHQWHVHSRGHPDGPLWLUTXDQGRIDYRUHoDPDLJXDOGDGHVRFLDOHHIHF
WLYDHQWUHRVVH[RVGHIRUPDDDFDEDUFRPDVSUiWLFDVGLVFULPLQDWyULDVDQWHULRUHVRXTXDQGRH[LVWDPUD]}HV
ItVLFDVRXELROyJLFDVTXHRMXVWLILTXHPHPSDUWLFXODUDPDWHUQLGDGH
$VREVHUYDo}HVHUHFRPHQGDo}HVGDTXHOHVyUJmRVGHFRQWURORSRGHPSRUVLSUySULDVQmRVHUHILFD]HV
VHQmRIRUHPDFRPSDQKDGDVSRUXPDDVVLVWrQFLDWpFQLFDIRUQHFLGDSHOD2UJDQL]DomRDRV(VWDGRV0HPEURV
+HOHQD5REHUW7HUHVD3DFFHWWL
(VWDDVVLVWrQFLDWpFQLFDWHPSDVVDGRSHORDSRLRHPPDWpULDGHOHJLVODomRHGHLQYHVWLJDomRHODERUDomR
GH JXLDV H LQVWUXPHQWRV SUiWLFRV RUJDQL]DomR GH DWHOLHUV GH IRUPDomR H JDUDQWLD GD SURPRomR GR GLiORJR
VRFLDOVREUHDVTXHVW}HVGDLJXDOGDGH
6DOLHQWDVHTXHDDFomRGR%,7QHVWHGRPtQLRGDLJXDOGDGHHQWUHKRPHQVHPXOKHUHVHVWiDJRUDILU
PHPHQWHDQFRUDGDQR3ODQRGDDFomRGR%,7TXHDFHQWXDDQDWXUH]DWUDQVYHUVDOGDTXHVWmRGD
LJXDOGDGHHPWRGRVRVREMHFWLYRVHVWUDWpJLFRVGD2,7
9HULILFDVHSRLVTXHHQTXDQWRWRGRVRVVHXVPHPEURVQmRWLYHUHPDWLQJLGRRREMHFWLYRGDLJXDOGDGH
HGDQmRGLVFULPLQDomRQRHPSUHJRHQDSURILVVmRHQWUHKRPHQVHPXOKHUHVD2UJDQL]DomR,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR
7UDEDOKRQmRGHL[DGHLQFOXLUQDVGLIHUHQWHVYHUWHQWHVGRVVHXVSODQRVGHDFomRPHGLGDVFRPYLVWDjVXDSOH
QDFRQFUHWL]DomR
OIT – 90 Anos de Luta pela Igualdade no Trabalho
-RmR3URHQoD
6HFUHWiULR*HUDOGD8*7
³3URPRWLQJJHQGHUHTXDOLW\LVQRWRQO\WKHULJKWWKLQJWRGR,WLVDOVRWKHVPDUW
WKLQJWRGR´-XDQ6RPDYLD'LUHFWRU*HUDOGD2,7
Resumo | $2,7VHPSUHDILUPRXHGHIHQGHXDFHQWUDOLGDGHGDWHPiWLFDGD,JXDOGDGHGH*pQHURQRPXQGR
GRWUDEDOKRDTXDOVHHQFRQWUDSUHVHQWHHPWRGRVRVPRPHQWRVHGRFXPHQWRVHVWUXWXUDQWHVGDKLVWyULDGD
RUJDQL]DomR
$2,7QmRDSHQDVDFRPSDQKRXDHYROXomRGDVDERUGDJHQVGDWHPiWLFDGD,JXDOGDGHGH*pQHURFRPRIUH
TXHQWHPHQWHGHWHUPLQRXDHYROXomRGHVVDVPHVPDVDERUGDJHQVFRQIRUPDQGRRGLiORJRVRFLDOELSDUWLGRH
WULSDUWLGRHDVSROtWLFDVQDFLRQDLVHLQWHUQDFLRQDLVSHODVXDDFWXDomRDRVGLYHUVRVQtYHLVGHVGHDGLVFXVVmRH
DSURYDomRGDVQRUPDVIXQGDPHQWDLVGRWUDEDOKRDRDSRLRWpFQLFRSUHVWDGRDRVVHXVPDQGDQWHV*RYHUQRV
6LQGLFDWRVH(PSUHJDGRUHV
1XPPXQGRJOREDOHPTXHDGLPHQVmRVRFLDOWHPSHUGLGRPXLWRGRVHXSHVRHHPTXHDGHVUHJXODomRGRV
PHUFDGRVGHWUDEDOKRWHPWLGRLPSDFWRVQHJDWLYRVVREUHPLOK}HVGHWUDEDOKDGRUHVHWUDEDOKDGRUDVQmRSRGH
VHULJQRUDGRTXHHVVHVLPSDFWRVVmRGLIHUHQFLDGRVHPDLVSHQDOL]DGRUHVSDUDDVPXOKHUHV
$VVLPLPSRUWDQmRDSHQDVUHIRUoDURSDSHOGD2,7QHVWDWHPiWLFDPDVLJXDOPHQWHUHSHQVDUDVXDDFWXDomR
WHQGRHPFRQWDDOHJLWLPLGDGHDFUHVFLGDTXHOKHDGYpPGRIDFWRGHVHUD~QLFDDJrQFLDWULSDUWLGDGRVLVWHPD
GDV1Do}HV8QLGDVDVVXPLQGRXPSDSHOSUHSRQGHUDQWHQDDUWLFXODomRGRVYiULRVLQVWUXPHQWRVH[LVWHQWHVTXH
FRQFRUUHPSDUDXPPHVPRILPDHIHFWLYDLJXDOGDGHHQWUHKRPHQVHPXOKHUHV
Abstract | “ILO – 90 years fighting for equality at work”7KH,/2KDVDOZD\VSURPRWHGDQGGHIHQGHG
JHQGHU HTXDOLW\ DW ZRUN DV RQH RI LWV FRUH LVVXHV ZKLFK WKURXJKRXW WKH 2UJDQL]DWLRQ¶V KLVWRU\ KDV EHHQ D
FRQVWDQWDWDOOWLPHVDQGLQDOOLWVIXQGDPHQWDOGRFXPHQWV
1RW RQO\ KDV WKH ,/2 FORVHO\ IROORZHG GHYHORSPHQWV LQ DSSURDFKHV WR JHQGHU HTXDOLW\ LW KDV DOVR RIWHQ
EURXJKWDERXWGHYHORSPHQWVE\VKDSLQJELSDUWLWHDQGWULSDUWLWHVRFLDOGLDORJXHDQGGRPHVWLFDQGLQWHUQDWLRQ
DOSROLFLHV,WKDVEHHQGRQHDWGLIIHUHQWOHYHOVWDNLQJDFWLRQIURPSURPRWLQJGLVFXVVLRQDQGDGRSWLQJIXQ
GDPHQWDOODERXUVWDQGDUGVWRSURYLGLQJWHFKQLFDOVXSSRUWWRLWVDFWRUV ±JRYHUQPHQWVWUDGHXQLRQVDQGHP
SOR\HUV
,QDJOREDOZRUOGZKHUHWKHVRFLDOGLPHQVLRQKDVORVWPXFKRILWVLQIOXHQFHDQGZKHUHODERXUPDUNHWGHUHJX
ODWLRQKDVKDGVXFKDQHJDWLYHLPSDFWRQPLOOLRQVRIZRUNHUVWKHIDFWWKDWWKHFRQVHTXHQFHVIRUZRPHQDUH
GLIIHUHQWDQGKDUVKHUFDQQRWEHLJQRUHG
,WLVLPSRUWDQWWKHUHIRUHQRWRQO\WRUHLQIRUFH,/2¶VUROHRQWKLVLVVXHEXWDOVRWRUHWKLQNLWVDFWLRQJLYHQ
WKHIDFWWKDWEHLQJWKHRQO\WULSDUWLWHDJHQF\LQWKH8QLWHG1DWLRQV¶V\VWHPJLYHVLWDGGLWLRQDOOHJLWLPDF\DQG
FRQVLGHULQJ WKH YLWDO SDUW LW SOD\V LQ FRRUGLQDWLQJ WKH YDULRXV LQVWUXPHQWV GHVLJQHG WR DFKLHYH D FRPPRQ
JRDOJHQXLQHHTXDOLW\EHWZHHQPHQDQGZRPHQ
BBBBBBBBBB
$2,7($,*8$/'$'('(*e1(5212081'2'275$%$/+2&DGHUQRV6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRQžSS
2,7±$126'(/87$3(/$,*8$/'$'(1275$%$/+2
'HVGHDVXDIXQGDomRHPDPDWpULDGDLJXDOGDGHGHJpQHURWHPDVVXPLGRFHQWUDOLGDGHQRVHLRGD2,7
UHFRQKHFHQGRVHGHVGHORJRTXHHVWDpXPDSUREOHPiWLFDTXHQmRVHYLYHHVHVHQWHDSHQDVPDVTXHVHYLYH
HVHQWHPXLWRHDWpVREUHWXGRQRVORFDLVGHWUDEDOKRGHWRGRRPXQGR
$SUHRFXSDomRFRPDWHPiWLFDGDLJXDOGDGHHVWiSUHVHQWHQD&RQVWLWXLomRGD2,7TXDQGRVHDILUPD
TXHXPGRVREMHFWLYRVGDRUJDQL]DomRVHUi³DVVHJXUDUDVPHVPDVRSRUWXQLGDGHVSDUDWRGRVHPPDWpULDHGX
FDWLYD H SURILVVLRQDO´ 'H XPD IRUPD DLQGD HPEULRQiULD HVWDEHOHFLDVH XP GRV PRWHV TXH LULD QRUWHDU D
DFWXDomRGHVWD2UJDQL]DomRDRORQJRGDVXDKLVWyULD
0DVDVVLPFRPRDVUHVWDQWHVWHPiWLFDVGRPXQGRGRWUDEDOKRIRUDPREMHFWRGHYiULDVDERUGDJHQVDR
ORQJRGHWRGRRVpFXOR;;FRQGLFLRQDQGRSHUVSHFWLYDVDERUGDJHQVHREMHFWLYRVRPHVPRQmRSRGHULDGHL
[DUGHVHYHULILFDUFRPDWHPiWLFDGDLJXDOGDGHHVREUHWXGRFRPDGDLJXDOGDGHGHJpQHURDFRPSDQKDQGRD
KLVWyULDGDHYROXomRGDFRQGLomRIHPLQLQDQRPXQGR
De uma Visão Proteccionista à Promoção da Igualdade de Género
1XP SULPHLUR SHUtRGR TXH YDL GHVGH DFULDomR GD 2,7 DWp j 'HFODUDomR GH )LODGpOILD R JUDQGH REMHFWLYR
FRQVWLWXLQRHVWDEHOHFLPHQWRGHXPDSURWHFomRDFUHVFLGDSDUDRWUDEDOKRGDVPXOKHUHV
$V &RQYHQo}HV GD 2,7 YLVDYDP HVWDEHOHFHUFRQGLo}HV DEVROXWDPHQWH PtQLPDVGH WUDEDOKR GXUDomR
GDMRUQDGDGHWUDEDOKRSRUH[HPSORHVDOYDJXDUGDUDVD~GHDVHJXUDQoDRXDSURWHFomRHPFDVRGHGHVHP
SUHJR
&RQYHQo}HVVREUHDSURWHFomRGDPDWHUQLGDGHRXRWUDEDOKRQRFWXUQRGDVPXOKHUHVGDWDPGRDQRGH
IXQGDomRGD2,7'DWDGHVVDpSRFDDLQVWLWXLomRGRSULQFtSLRGRVDOiULRLJXDOSDUDWUDEDOKRLJXDOHRHQFRUD
MDPHQWRGRV(VWDGRV0HPEURVDLQWHJUDUDVPXOKHUHVQRVVHUYLoRVGDLQVSHFomRGRWUDEDOKR
(VWH p XP SHUtRGR FRQVLGHUDGR GH SURWHFomR H LQVWLWXLomR GH GLUHLWRV PtQLPRV HP TXH D GHIHVD GD
FRQGLomRGDPXOKHUHPIXQomRGDVVXDVHVSHFLILFLGDGHVDVVXPHGRPLQkQFLD(VWDDERUGDJHPVHULDSURJUHV
VLYDPHQWHSRVWDHPFDXVDHPIDYRUGDQHFHVVLGDGHGHXPDYLVmRPDLVGHIHQVRUDGDLJXDOGDGHGH RSRUWXQL
GDGHVHSURPRWRUDGHGLUHLWRVHFHQWUDGDQDVRSRUWXQLGDGHVGHSURJUHVVmRIXQFLRQDO
(VWDVHJXQGDYLVmRYLULDDSUHYDOHFHUQRVHLRGD2,7HDGDURULJHPDXPDQRYDDERUGDJHPGDWHPiWL
FD GDLJXDOGDGHD TXDOVHFRPHoRX D HVSHOKDU QD 'HFODUDomR GH )LODGpOILDGH HP TXH VH HVWDEHOHFH
FODUDPHQWHTXH³WRGRVRVVHUHVKXPDQRVTXDOTXHUTXHVHMDDVXDUDoDDVXDFUHQoDRXRVHXVH[RWrPR
GLUHLWRGHHIHFWXDURVHXSURJUHVVRPDWHULDOHRVHXGHVHQYROYLPHQWRHVSLULWXDOHPOLEHUGDGHHFRPGLJQLGD
GHFRPVHJXUDQoDHFRQyPLFDHFRPRSRUWXQLGDGHVLJXDLV´
1HVVHTXDGURVXUJLXWRGRXPQRYRFRQMXQWRGHLQVWUXPHQWRVQRUPDWLYRVFRPRD&RQYHQomRQž
VREUHLJXDOGDGHGHUHPXQHUDomRHQWUHKRPHQVHPXOKHUHVSDUDWUDEDOKRGHLJXDOYDORUGHDWpKRMHXP
PDUFRIXQGDPHQWDOQDKLVWyULDGDLJXDOGDGHGHRSRUWXQLGDGHVRXD&RQYHQomRQžVREUHDGLVFULPLQDomR
QRHPSUHJRHQDSURILVVmRGHRQGHVHLGHQWLILFDPRXWURVIDFWRUHVGHGLVFULPLQDomRSDUDDOpPGRVH[R
$&RQYHQomRQžIL[DDQRomRGHGLVFULPLQDomRQRWUDEDOKRUHFRQKHFHQGRVHTXHXPDSURWHFomR
PDLV JHQpULFD FRQWUD DV GLVFULPLQDo}HV QR WUDEDOKR VHULD QHFHVViULD SDUD XPD SURPRomR GD LJXDOGDGH GH
RSRUWXQLGDGHV³7RGDDGLVWLQomRH[FOXVmRRXSUHIHUrQFLDIXQGDGDQDUDoDFRUVH[RUHOLJLmRRSLQLmRSROt
WLFDDVFHQGrQFLDQDFLRQDORXVRFLDOTXHWHQKDSRUHIHLWRGHVWUXLURXDOWHUDUDLJXDOGDGHGHRSRUWXQLGDGHV
RXGHWUDWDPHQWRHPPDWpULDGHHPSUHJRRXSURILVVmR´
1DGpFDGDGHSHUtRGRPDUFDGRSHODLQVWLWXFLRQDOL]DomRGR$QR,QWHUQDFLRQDOGD0XOKHU SHOD
&RQIHUrQFLD 0XQGLDO GD 218 VREUH DV0XOKHUHV 0p[LFR H SHOD 'pFDGD GD 218 SDUD DV 0XOKHUHV VmR
-RmR3URHQoD
DSURYDGDVYiULDV5HVROXo}HVUHODWLYDVDRWUDEDOKRGDVPXOKHUHVQXPPXQGRHPPXGDQoDVREUHDSURPRomR
HFRQyPLFDHVRFLDOGDVPXOKHUHVQRVSDtVHVHPYLDVGHGHVHQYROYLPHQWRRXVREUHRVDOiULRGDVPXOKHUHVQD
LQG~VWULDWr[WLO
8PQRYRSRQWRGHYLUDJHPQDKLVWyULDGD2,7RFRUUHXHPFRPDDGRSomRGD&RQYHQomRQž
VREUH 7UDEDOKDGRUHV FRP 5HVSRQVDELOLGDGHV )DPLOLDUHV HP TXH VH UHFRQKHFLD TXH DV UHVSRQVDELOLGDGHV
IDPLOLDUHVGHYHPVHUUHSDUWLGDVHQWUHKRPHQVHPXOKHUHV)RLXPDHYROXomRGHSHUVSHFWLYDTXHYLVRXUHIRU
oDURVGLUHLWRVGRVWUDEDOKDGRUHVHGDVWUDEDOKDGRUDVFRPUHVSRQVDELOLGDGHVIDPLOLDUHVTXDQGRHVWDVOLPLWDP
DVVXDVSRVVLELOLGDGHVQRWUDEDOKR
Igualdade de Género – Um Requisito Fundamental
1mRVHSRGHUiIDODUGRSDSHOGD2,7QDLJXDOGDGHGHRSRUWXQLGDGHVVHPVHGHVWDFDUD 'HFODUDomRGD2,7
UHODWLYDDRV3ULQFtSLRVH'LUHLWRV)XQGDPHQWDLVQR7UDEDOKRGH
(VWHLQVWUXPHQWRGHQDWXUH]DGLYHUVDGHWRGRVRVDQWHULRUPHQWHDGRSWDGRVHRXDSURYDGRVQRVHLRGD
2,7 FRQVDJURX RLWR &RQYHQo}HV FRPR IXQGDPHQWDLV HP TXDWUR JUDQGHV iUHDV HOLPLQDomR GR WUDEDOKR
LQIDQWLODEROLomRGRWUDEDOKRIRUoDGRHOLPLQDomRGDGLVFULPLQDomRQRWUDEDOKRHOLEHUGDGHVLQGLFDO
(QWUHDVRLWRFRQYHQo}HVIXQGDPHQWDLVHQFRQWUDPVHDVMiUHIHULGDV&RQYHQo}HVQžHQžDV
TXDLVFRQILJXUDPRTXDGURHVVHQFLDOGDLJXDOGDGHGHRSRUWXQLGDGHVQRPXQGRGRWUDEDOKR
(HVWDVFRQYHQo}HVFRQWDPKRMHFRPXPGRVQ~PHURVPDLVH[SUHVVLYRVGHUDWLILFDo}HV&RQYHQomRQž
±UDWLILFDo}HV&RQYHQomRQž±UDWLILFDo}HVRTXHQmRGHL[DGHVHUVLJQLILFDWLYRGRLPSDF
WRGDDFWXDomRGD2,7QRSODQRQDFLRQDO$RLQWHJUDUHVVDV&RQYHQo}HVQDOLVWDGH&RQYHQo}HV)XQGDPHQ
WDLVD'HFODUDomRGHGHXXPQRYRSDVVRSDUDUHDILUPDURFDUiFWHUHVWUXWXUDOHHVVHQFLDOGDWHPiWLFDGD
LJXDOGDGH
$'HFODUDomRHVWDEHOHFHTXH³WRGRVRV(VWDGRV0HPEURVWrPRFRPSURPLVVRGHUHVSHLWDUGHERDIp
HPFRQIRUPLGDGHFRPD&RQVWLWXLomRRVSULQFtSLRVUHODWLYRVDRVGLUHLWRVIXQGDPHQWDLVTXHVmRREMHFWRGHV
VDVRLWR&RQYHQo}HV´(LVWRLQGHSHQGHQWHPHQWHGHTXDOTXHUDFWRGHUDWLILFDomR
2 UHVSHLWR SHOR TXDGUR GH SURWHFomR GD ,JXDOGDGH GH 2SRUWXQLGDGHV H GD ,JXDOGDGH GH *pQHUR QR
PXQGRGRWUDEDOKRIRLDVVLPHOHYDGRDUHTXLVLWRGDSUySULDHQWUDGDHSHUPDQrQFLDGRV(VWDGRVQD2,7
A OIT no Novo Milénio
2VGHVDILRVODQoDGRVSHORSURFHVVRGH*OREDOL]DomRIRUDPVHQWLGRVSHOD2,7QmRDSHQDVFRPRXPUHSWRj
VXDLQWHUYHQomRPDVWDPEpPFRPRXPDOHUWDjQHFHVVLGDGHDEVROXWDGHUHDILUPDomRGRVYDORUHVHSULQFtSLRV
HPTXHVHIXQGRX
$LQVXVWHQWiYHOVHFXQGDUL]DomRGDGLPHQVmRVRFLDOQDJOREDOL]DomRFRPDFRQVHTXHQWHGHVUHJXODomR
GRV PHUFDGRV GH WUDEDOKR FRP SURIXQGRV LPSDFWRV QD YLGD GH PLOK}HV GH WUDEDOKDGRUHV H WUDEDOKDGRUDV
LPSXQKDXPDLQWHUYHQomRPDLVDFWLYDGD2,7
$QHFHVVLGDGHGHREWHQomRGHUHVXOWDGRVPHOKRUHVHPDLVMXVWRVSDUDWRGRVOHYRXjFULDomRGRFRQFHL
WRHGD$JHQGDGR7UDEDOKR'LJQRHPYLVDQGRSUHFLVDPHQWHUHVSRQGHUDHVVDQHFHVVLGDGHGHUHJXOD
omRGRPRYLPHQWRGDJOREDOL]DomR
$VDVSLUDo}HVGRVHUKXPDQRQRGRPtQLRSURILVVLRQDOIRUDPUHXQLGDVVREDpJLGHGHVVHQRYRFRQFHLWR
RTXDODEUDQJHYiULRVHOHPHQWRVRSRUWXQLGDGHVSDUDUHDOL]DUXPWUDEDOKRSURGXWLYRFRPXPDUHPXQHUDomR
HTXLWDWLYDSURWHFomRVRFLDOSDUDDVIDPtOLDVGLiORJRVRFLDOHQDWXUDOPHQWHLJXDOGDGHGHRSRUWXQLGDGHVHGH
WUDWDPHQWRSDUDWRGDVDVPXOKHUHVHKRPHQV
(VWHFRQFHLWRIRLLQVWLWXFLRQDOL]DGRQD'HFODUDomRGD2,76REUH-XVWLoD6RFLDOSDUDXPD*OREDOL]DomR
-XVWDFRORFDQGRRQRFHQWURGDVSROtWLFDVGD2UJDQL]DomRFRPRIRUPDGHDWLQJLURVVHXVREMHFWLYRVFRQVWLWX
FLRQDLV
$'HFODUDomRWHPTXDWURREMHFWLYRVFHQWUDLVLQGLVVRFLiYHLVHLQWHUGHSHQGHQWHVSURPRYHURHPSUHJR
DWUDYpVGDFULDomRGHXPDPELHQWHLQVWLWXFLRQDOHHFRQyPLFRVXVWHQWiYHOGHVHQYROYHUHUHIRUoDUPHGLGDVGH
SURWHFomRVRFLDOVXVWHQWiYHLVHDGDSWDGDVjVFLUFXQVWkQFLDVQDFLRQDLVSURPRYHURGLiORJRVRFLDOHRWULSDU
WLVPRHUHVSHLWDUSURPRYHUHDSOLFDURVSULQFtSLRVHGLUHLWRVIXQGDPHQWDLVQRWUDEDOKR
2,7±$126'(/87$3(/$,*8$/'$'(1275$%$/+2
(VWD 'HFODUDomR UHVXOWDGR GH FRQVXOWDV WULSDUWLGDV QD VHTXrQFLD GR 5HODWyULR GD &RPLVVmR 0XQGLDO
VREUHD'LPHQVmR6RFLDOGD*OREDOL]DomRIRLXPFRPSURPLVVRFODURGRVUHSUHVHQWDQWHVGRV*RYHUQRVHGDV
2UJDQL]Do}HV GRV (PSUHJDGRUHV H GRV WUDEDOKDGRUHV GRV (VWDGRV0HPEURV SDUD DMXGDU D DOFDQoDU R
SURJUHVVRHDMXVWLoDVRFLDOQRFRQWH[WRGDJOREDOL]DomR
,JXDOGDGH HQWUH KRPHQV H PXOKHUHV H D QmR GLVFULPLQDomR VmR GH QRYR DILUPDGRV FRPR ³TXHVW}HV
WUDQVYHUVDLVDRVREMHFWLYRVHVWUDWpJLFRVDWUiVUHIHULGRV´TXHRV0HPEURVGD2,7GHYLDPFRQWHPSODUQDVSROt
WLFDVTXHGHIHQGHPHDSOLFDP9HULILFDVHDVVLPTXHQHVWHQRYR0LOpQLRDVDVSLUDo}HVHDVSULRULGDGHVGD
2,7QmRVRIUHUDPXPDDOWHUDomRVLJQLILFDWLYDVHQWLQGRVHDQWHVHWDOYH]PDLVGRTXHQXQFDDQHFHVVLGDGH
GHHVWDEHOHFHUREMHFWLYRVUHDILUPDUSULRULGDGHVFRORFDUDLJXDOGDGHQDRUGHPGRGLD
7DOUHVXOWDFODURVHFRQVLGHUDUPRVTXHGRVUHODWyULRVUHDOL]DGRVQRTXDGURGD'HFODUDomRGD2,7UHOD
WLYDDRV3ULQFtSLRVH'LUHLWRV)XQGDPHQWDLVQR7UDEDOKRHPTXHGH TXDWURHPTXDWURDQRVXPGRVTXDWUR
SULQFtSLRVp DYDOLDGR VRE D IRUPD GH 5HODWyULR *OREDO GR 'LUHFWRU*HUDOD LJXDOGDGHH QmR GLVFULPLQDomR
IRUDPMiREMHFWRGHGRLV5HODWyULRVHP$KRUDGDLJXDOGDGHQRWUDEDOKRH,JXDOGDGHQRWUDED
OKRHQIUHQWDURVGHVDILRV
,JXDOPHQWH FRPSURYDGR ILFD VH FRQVLGHUDUPRV TXH QD &RQIHUrQFLD ,QWHUQDFLRQDO GR 7UDEDOKR GH
FRPD5HVROXomRH&RQFOXV}HVVREUH,JXDOGDGHGH*pQHURQR&RUDomRGR7UDEDOKR'LJQRDLJXDOGDGH
QRVPHUFDGRVODERUDLVHHFRQyPLFRVRFRQFHLWRGHWUDEDOKRLJXDOVDOiULRLJXDODLQWHJUDomRGDVPXOKHUHVHP
FDUJRVGHGHFLVmRHDFRQFLOLDomRYLGDSURILVVLRQDOHIDPLOLDUVHUHDVVXPLUDPFRPRWHPDVFHQWUDLVGDDJHQGD
GD2,7HFRPRWHPDVDDVVXPLURXDPDQWHUWUDQVYHUVDOPHQWHQDVDJHQGDVQDFLRQDLVVREUHWXGRQXPFRQWH[
WRGHFULVHHPTXHRVHIHLWRVVREUHKRPHQVHPXOKHUHVVmRGLYHUVRV
OIT e Igualdade de Género. Que Futuro?
2WUDEDOKRGD2,7FRQVWLWXLXXPPDUFRGHUHIHUrQFLDSDUDDDFWXDomRGHJRYHUQRVVLQGLFDWRVHHPSUHJDGR
UHV2VYDORUHVSULQFtSLRVHQRUPDVHPDQDGRVHGHIHQGLGRVSHOD2,7PDUFDPHLQIOXHQFLDPRGLiORJRELSDU
WLGRVREUHWXGRDQHJRFLDomRFROHFWLYDHWULSDUWLGRSHUSDVVDQGRDVSROtWLFDVQDFLRQDLVFRPXQLWiULDVHPXQ
GLDLV
$PDWpULDGD,JXDOGDGHGH*pQHURQmRWHULDGHFHUWRDWUDQVYHUVDELOLGDGHHRDSURIXQGDPHQWRTXHKRMH
FRQKHFHHPPXLWRVSDtVHVLQFOXLQGR3RUWXJDOQmRIRVVHRWUDEDOKRGHVHQYROYLGRSHOD2,7
$VSHUVSHFWLYDVHDVDERUGDJHQVPXGDUDPPDVRREMHFWLYR~OWLPRGHJDUDQWLUDUHDOHHIHFWLYDLJXDO
GDGHGHRSRUWXQLGDGHVDWRGRVRVVHUHVKXPDQRVHHVSHFLILFDPHQWHHQWUHKRPHQVHPXOKHUHVSHUPDQHFHXDR
ORQJRGHWRGDDKLVWyULDGDRUJDQL]DomRUHIRUoDQGRVHDFDGDSDVVR
$UHDILUPDomRSHUPDQHQWHGRVSULQFtSLRVIXQGDPHQWDLVTXHGHYHPUHJHUDVSROtWLFDVHDVLQWHUYHQo}HV
JRYHUQDPHQWDLVVLQGLFDLVHSDWURQDLVQHVWDPDWpULDSRUTXHSRUHOHVFRQVHQVXDOL]DGRVQRVHLRGDRUJDQL]D
omRDHIHFWLYDomRGRVPHFDQLVPRVGHFRQWURORGDDSOLFDomRGDVQRUPDVLQWHUQDFLRQDLVGRWUDEDOKRRGHVHQ
YROYLPHQWR UHJXODU GH QRYRV LQVWUXPHQWRV FRP LPSDFWR GLUHFWR H LQGLUHFWR QDV FRQGLo}HV GH WUDEDOKR GD
PXOKHU YHMDVH D GLVFXVVmR VREUH R WUDEDOKR GRPpVWLFR GXUDQWH D &,7 FRP YLVWD j DGRSomR GH XPD
QRYDQRUPDLQWHUQDFLRQDOGRWUDEDOKRRWUDEDOKRGHFDSDFLWDomRGRVSDtVHVPHPEURVDUHDOL]DomRGHSURMHF
WRVSDUFHULDVHERDVSUiWLFDVDLPSOHPHQWDomRGHSODQRVGHDFomRRDSRLRDLQLFLDWLYDVGHHPSUHHQGHGRULV
PRIHPLQLQRHGHPLFURFUpGLWRVmRGLVVRSURYDFODUD
1RHQWDQWRHVWDpXPDPDWpULDHPTXHD2,7GHYHQmRDSHQDVPDQWHUFRPRUHIRUoDUDVXDDFWXDomR
QDPHGLGDHPTXHRVUHVXOWDGRVREWLGRVHVWmRDLQGDORQJHGHJDUDQWLUTXHH[LVWHGHIDFWRXPDSOHQDLJXDOGD
GHGHJpQHUR
0HVPRQRHVSDoRGD8QLmR(XURSHLDHPTXHRVQtYHLVGHSURWHFomRVRFLDOVmRPXLWRVXSHULRUHVDRV
GHRXWUDVUHJL}HVGR*ORERHVHJXQGRGDGRVGHDVPXOKHUHVJDQKDPHPPpGLDPHQRVTXHRV
KRPHQVWrPWD[DVGHSDUWLFLSDomRQRPHUFDGRGHWUDEDOKRLQIHULRUHVFRQWUD7DPEpPDV
WD[DVGHGHVHPSUHJRGDVPXOKHUHVVmRVXSHULRUHVFRQWUDHRVQtYHLVGHFRQWULEXLomRSDUDRV
DJUHJDGRVGRPpVWLFRVVmRSDUDRVKRPHQVGHYV
3DVVDGRV PDLV GH DQRV VREUH D DGRSomR GD &RQYHQomR Qž SHUVLVWHP DLQGD GLILFXOGDGHV QD
DSOLFDomR GRSULQFtSLR ³VDOiULR LJXDOSDUD WUDEDOKRGH LJXDO YDORU´ SHVHHPERUD R VHXUHFRQKHFLPHQWR HD
LQFRUSRUDomRQDOHJLVODomR
-RmR3URHQoD
2SURJUHVVRHIHFWLYRGDFDSDFLGDGHGHFRPEDWHUHILFD]PHQWHRVGLIHUHQFLDLVGHLJXDOGDGHGHRSRUWXQL
GDGHVSDVVDHPJUDQGHPHGLGDSHODFRQIOXrQFLDGHYiULRVSODQRVFRPSOHPHQWDUHVDGHIHVDGHXPTXDGUR
PDFURHFRQyPLFRIDYRUiYHODXPFUHVFLPHQWRHFRQyPLFRULFRHPHPSUHJRVHPRTXDOVHWHQGHPDDJXGL]DU
WRGRV RV GHVHTXLOtEULRV H WDPEpP HVWH D DUWLFXODomR GH SROtWLFDV LQWHUVHFWRULDLV IDYRUiYHLV j UHPRomR GRV
REVWiFXORVHFRQyPLFRVVRFLDLVHFXOWXUDLVTXHREVWDPjSOHQDLQWHJUDomRGDPXOKHUQRPHUFDGRGHWUDEDOKR
DYDORUL]DomRGDLJXDOGDGHGHRSRUWXQLGDGHVQRVGRPtQLRVGDVSROtWLFDVGHHPSUHJRHIRUPDomRFRPDWHQomR
SDUWLFXODU j SURPRomR GD HPSUHJDELOLGDGH GDV PXOKHUHV H R DSURIXQGDPHQWR GH DFo}HV SRVLWLYDV YROWDGDV
SDUDDREWHQomRGHUHVXOWDGRVQRFRPSRUWDPHQWRGRVDJHQWHVHPSUHVDULDLV
eQRHPSUHJRHQRVGRPtQLRVTXHFRPHOHPDLVLQWHUDJHPTXHDIDOWDGHLJXDOGDGHGHRSRUWXQLGDGHV
HQWUHDPERVRVVH[RVJHUDLQHYLWDYHOPHQWHXPJUDQGHFRPSOH[RGHHIHLWRVGLVFULPLQDWyULRV
2 PRYLPHQWR VLQGLFDO QRV SODQRV QDFLRQDO H LQWHUQDFLRQDO EDWHVH SHOD LQWHJUDomR GD LJXDOGDGH GH
RSRUWXQLGDGHVHPWRGDVDVVXDVYHUWHQWHVHGRWUDEDOKRGHFHQWHQDVSROtWLFDVVRFLDLVHQDVSROtWLFDVGHVHQKD
GDVWHQGRHPYLVWDDUHWRPDGRFUHVFLPHQWRHFRQyPLFR&RQWLQXDUiGHFHUWRDID]rORIXQGDGRQRVYDORUHVH
SULQFtSLRV TXH HPDQDP GD 2,7 &RQWLQXDUi WDPEpP D ID]rOR QR VHLR GD 2,7 OXWDQGR SDUD TXH HVWD H RV
YDORUHVTXHUHSUHVHQWDDVVXPDPXPSDSHOPDLVVLJQLILFDWLYRQRSDQRUDPDJOREDO
$2,7~QLFDDJrQFLDGDV1Do}HV8QLGDVTXHMXQWDJRYHUQRVVLQGLFDWRVHHPSUHJDGRUHV±GHYHFRQ
WLQXDUDDVVXPLUGLUHFWDPHQWHDGHIHVDGDDJHQGDGRWUDEDOKRGLJQRHGDVXDLQWHJUDomRQDVSROtWLFDVHFRQy
PLFDV H VRFLDLV EHP FRPR GD LJXDOGDGH GH JpQHUR FRPR XP HOHPHQWR FHQWUDOGR FRPEDWH j SREUH]D QDV
YiULDVLQVWkQFLDVLQWHUQDFLRQDLV
0DLVD2,7GHYHFRQWLQXDUQRVHLRGRSUySULRVLVWHPDGDV1Do}HV8QLGDVDUHDOoDURFDUiFWHUHVSH
FLDOTXHDGYpPGDVXDQDWXUH]DWULSDUWLGD2WULSDUWLVPRPXLWDVYH]HVPHQRUL]DGRQmRpXPDIUDTXH]D$V
GHFLV}HVGD2,7VmRDVGHFLV}HVFRQVHQVXDOL]DGDVSHORVVHXVPDQGDQWHVHDHOHVHQYROYHPHDHOHVFRPSUR
PHWHP&RQIHUHOKHVXPDOHJLWLPLGDGHDFUHVFLGDHGHYHJDUDQWLUXPDPDLVHIHFWLYDDILUPDomRMXQWRGRVUHV
WDQWHVRUJDQLVPRVGD218HXPDPDLVHIHFWLYDDUWLFXODomRFRPRVREMHFWLYRVSRUHVWHVSURVVHJXLGRV
$ $JHQGD GR 7UDEDOKR 'LJQR RV 2EMHFWLYRV GR 0LOpQLR ± HQWUHRV TXDLV VHDVVXPH D LJXDOGDGH GH
JpQHUR±HD&RQYHQomRGDV1Do}HV8QLGDVSDUDD(OLPLQDomRGH7RGDVDV)RUPDVGH'LVFULPLQDomRFRQWUD
D 0XOKHU QmR SRGHP FRQWLQXDU D VHU YLVWRV FRPR HOHPHQWRV LQGHSHQGHQWHV H HVWDQTXHV PDV DQWHV FRPR
LQVWUXPHQWRVTXHFRQFRUUHPSDUDXPILP~QLFRTXHWRGRV±VLQGLFDWRVHPSUHJDGRUHVJRYHUQRVRUJDQLVPRV
LQWHUQDFLRQDLVGHYHPDOPHMDUXPDHIHFWLYDLJXDOGDGHHQWUHKRPHQVHPXOKHUHV
Referências Bibliográficas
&+,&+$ 0DULH7KpUqVH $ FRPSDUDWLYH DQDO\VLV RI SURPRWLQJ SD\ HTXLW\ PRGHOV DQG LPSDFWV
:RUNLQJ3DSHUQž,/2*HQHYD
&6,$FKLHYLQJ*HQGHU(TXDOLW\$WUDGHXQLRQPDQXDO
&6,&DPSDLJQJXLGHIRU:RUOG'D\IRU'HFHQW:RUN
*$%,1(7( 3$5$ $ &223(5$d­2 '2 0,1,67e5,2 '2 75$%$/+2 ( '$ 62/,'$5,('$'(
62&,$/'(32578*$/'RFXPHQWRV)XQGDPHQWDLVGD2,7*(30766/LVERD
,/2*HQGHU(TXDOLW\DQG'HFHQWZRUN6HOHFWHG,/2&RQYHQWLRQVDQG5HFRPPHQGDWLRQV3URPRWLQJ
*HQGHU(TXDOLW\,/2*HQHYD
,/2*HQGHU(TXDOLW\DWWKHKHDUWRIGHFHQWZRUN5HSRUW9,,QWHUQDWLRQDO/DERXU&RQIHUHQFHWK
6HVVLRQ,/2*HQHYD
,/2,/2UHSRUW±:RPHQLQ/DERXU0DUNHWV0HDVXULQJSURJUHVVDQGLGHQWLI\LQJFKDOOHQJHV,/2
*HQHYD
Nos Arquivos da OIT…
Associações Femininas Apresentam as suas Reivindicações1
$OEHUWLQD-RUGmR
*HVWRUDGH3URJUDPDV2,7/LVERD
Resumo | (P GDWD GD FULDomR GD 2UJDQL]DomR ,QWHUQDFLRQDO GR 7UDEDOKR PXLWDV UHLYLQGLFDo}HV GH
PHOKRULDGDVFRQGLo}HVGHYLGDHGHWUDEDOKRHVWmRQDEDVHGDFULDomRGDSULPHLUDH~QLFDDJrQFLDWULSDUWLGDGR
VLVWHPDGDV1Do}HV8QLGDV9iULRVJUXSRVUHSUHVHQWDQGRGLIHUHQWHVLQWHUHVVHVGRVTXDLVVHGHVWDFDPDVDVVRFLD
o}HVIHPLQLQDVYrHPQDQRYD2UJDQL]DomRXPLQVWUXPHQWRGHLQIOXrQFLDQDGHIHVDGRVLQWHUHVVHVGHPXOKHUHV
KRPHQVHFULDQoDV
(VWHDUWLJRYLVDGDUDFRQKHFHUDVSULQFLSDLVUHLYLQGLFDo}HVDSUHVHQWDGDVSRUVHLVDVVRFLDo}HVIHPLQLQDVj&RPLV
VmRHQFDUUHJXHGHUHGLJLUD3DUWH;,,,GR7UDWDGRGH9HUVDOKHVUHODWLYDDRWUDEDOKR
Abstract | “In the ILO archives… Women’s Associations present their claims”'HPDQGVIRULPSURYHGOLY
LQJDQGZRUNLQJFRQGLWLRQVOHGWRWKHIRXQGLQJLQRIWKH,QWHUQDWLRQDO/DERXU2UJDQL]DWLRQ,/2WKHILUVW
DQGRQO\WULSDUWLWHDJHQF\RIWKH8QLWHG1DWLRQVV\VWHP'LIIHUHQWLQWHUHVWJURXSVHVSHFLDOO\ZRPHQ¶VDVVRFLD
WLRQVVDZWKLVQHZ2UJDQL]DWLRQDVDSRZHUIXOLQVWUXPHQWIRUGHIHQGLQJWKHLQWHUHVWVRIZRPHQ PHQDQGFKLO
GUHQ
7KHSXUSRVHRIWKLVDUWLFOHLVWRGHVFULEHWKHPDLQFODLPVSXWIRUZDUGE\VL[ZRPHQ¶VDVVRFLDWLRQVWRWKH&RP
PLVVLRQWKDWGUDIWHG3DUW;,,,RIWKH7UHDW\RI9HUVDLOOHVWKDWGHDOWZLWK/DERXULVVXHV
BBBBBBBBBB
$2,7($,*8$/'$'('(*e1(5212081'2'275$%$/+2&DGHUQRV6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRQžSS
$SDUWLUGRUHJLVWRGDDXGLomRQžGHGH0DUoRGHLQKWWSZZZLORRUJSXEOLFOLEGRFLOR3SGI
126$548,926'$2,7«$662&,$d®(6)(0,1,1$6$35(6(17$0$668$65(,9,1',&$d®(6
2ILQDOGD,*UDQGH*XHUUDRVFRQIOLWRVVRFLDLVHHFRQyPLFRVHDVGLItFHLVFRQGLo}HVGHWUDEDOKRHGHYLGDVHUYL
UDPGHFDWDOLVDGRUSDUDDFULDomRGD2UJDQL]DomR,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKR2,7HP5RGJHUV$
RUJDQL]DomRGRWUDEDOKRJOREDOL]DVHHRVUHVSRQViYHLVSROtWLFRVGRVSDtVHVYHQFHGRUHVGD*XHUUDSDUHFHPFRQ
FRUGDUTXHDSD]WDPEpPGHSHQGHGDMXVWLoDVRFLDOHGDVFRQGLo}HVGHYLGD
*RYHUQRV RUJDQL]Do}HV SDWURQDLV H VLQGLFDLV DFRUGDP QD FULDomR GH XPD RUJDQL]DomR ³SHUPDQHQWH´
HQFDUUHJDGDGHPHOKRUDUDVLWXDomRGRVWUDEDOKDGRUHV$H[SUHVVmRGHVVHFRQFHUWRWHUiFRPRUHVXOWDGRRWH[WR
IXQGDGRUGD2,7DSDUWH;,,,GR7UDWDGRGH9HUVDOKHVGHGH-XQKRGHHDRUJDQL]DomRGD,&RQIHUrQFLD
,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKRDGH2XWXEURHP:DVKLQJWRQ'&
$LQMXVWLoDDPLVpULDHDVSULYDo}HVTXHVmRUHIHULGDVQR3UHkPEXORGR7UDWDGRDIHFWDPWRGRVRVWUDED
OKDGRUHV HP HVSHFLDO DV PXOKHUHV H DV FULDQoDV 4XHU D SDUWH SUHDPEXODU TXHU RV DUWLJRV ž ž H ž
GDTXHODTXHpFRQVLGHUDGDSRUYiULRVDXWRUHVD&DUWDGR7UDEDOKRDILUPDPH[SOLFLWDPHQWHTXHDWUDEDOKRLJXDO
GHYHFRUUHVSRQGHUVDOiULRLJXDOVHPGLVWLQomRGHVH[RTXHDVGHOHJDo}HVGRV(VWDGRV0HPEURVGHYHPLQWHJUDU
PXOKHUHVFRPRFRQVHOKHLUDVWpFQLFDVHPHVSHFLDOTXDQGRVHMDPWUDWDGRVWHPDVTXH³LQWHUHVVDPHVSHFLDOPHQWH
DV PXOKHUHV´ TXH D 2UJDQL]DomR GHYH LQFOXLU PXOKHUHV QR VHX TXDGUR GH SHVVRDO H DLQGD TXH FDGD (VWDGR
0HPEUR GHYH LQFOXLU PXOKHUHV QDV UHVSHFWLYDV LQVSHFo}HV GR WUDEDOKR (VWDV TXHVW}HV HP HVSHFLDO D ~OWLPD
SDUHFHPUHVXOWDUGDGLSORPDFLDH[HUFLGDSRUDOJXPDVDVVRFLDo}HVIHPLQLQDVMXQWRGD&RPLVVmRTXHLULDUHGLJLUR
WH[WRIXQGDGRUGD2,7/XELQH:LQVORZ
1RVDUTXLYRVGD2,7HVWmRUHJLVWDGDVDVYiULDVDXGLo}HVUHDOL]DGDVDRORQJRGHFRPGLYHUVDVGHOHJD
o}HVUHSUHVHQWDQGRGLIHUHQWHVJUXSRVHLQWHUHVVHV 1RGLDGH0DUoRGHXPDGHOHJDomRGHPXOKHUHVp
UHFHELGDSHOD&RPLVVmRGDOHJLVODomRLQWHUQDFLRQDOGRWUDEDOKRUHVSRQViYHOSHODSUHSDUDomRGRWH[WRGD3DUWH
;,,,GR7UDWDGRGH9HUVDOKHVUHODWLYDDRWUDEDOKR
$DXGLomRGDVUHSUHVHQWDQWHVGDVDVVRFLDo}HVIHPLQLQDVWHYHDGXUDomRGHFHUFDGHGXDVKRUDVHIRLLQWH
JUDOPHQWHFRQVDJUDGDDRXYLUDVVXDVUHLYLQGLFDo}HVj,&RQIHUrQFLD,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKR
0DVTXHPHUDPDVDVVRFLDo}HVIHPLQLQDVTXHVHDSUHVHQWDUDPQDDXGLomR"
'HDFRUGRFRPRUHJLVWRGDVHVVmRHVWLYHUDPSUHVHQWHVDVVHJXLQWHVDVVRFLDo}HV
&RQVHLO,QWHUQDWLRQDOGHV)HPPHV&RQVHOKR,QWHUQDFLRQDOGDV0XOKHUHVUHSUHVHQWDGRSHOD)UDQoDH,Wi
OLD
&RQIpUHQFHGHV)HPPHV6XIIUDJLVWHVDOOtpHV&RQIHUrQFLDGDV0XOKHUHV6XIUDJLVWDV$OLDGDVUHSUHVHQWDGD
SHOD)UDQoD5HLQR8QLGR(VWDGRV8QLGRVGD$PpULFDH%pOJLFD
2IILFHGHVLQWrUHWVIpPLQLQV6HFUHWDULDGRGRV,QWHUHVVHV)HPLQLQRVUHSUHVHQWDGRSHOD)UDQoD
6\QGLFDWVGHVRXYULHUVFRQIpGpUpV6LQGLFDWRVGRV2SHUiULRV&RQIHGHUDGRVUHSUHVHQWDGRVSHOD)UDQoD
6\QGLFDWV SURIHVVLRQQHOV LQGpSHQGDQWV 6LQGLFDWRV GRV 3URILVVLRQDLV ,QGHSHQGHQWHV UHSUHVHQWDGRV SHOD
)UDQoD
/LJXHIUDQoDLVHGX'URLWGHV)HPPHV/LJD)UDQFHVDGRV'LUHLWRVGDV0XOKHUHVUHSUHVHQWDGDSHOD)UDQ
oD
3DUDDOpPGHVWDVDVVRFLDo}HVRXWUDVPXOKHUHVVHMXQWDUDPj'HOHJDomRIHPLQLQD
$OEHUWLQD-RUGmR
7RGDVDVDVVRFLDo}HVDSUHVHQWDUDPXPQ~PHURVLJLQLILFDWLYRGHSURSRVWDVDVHUHPDGRSWDGDVTXHUQRWH[
WRGR7UDWDGRGH9HUVDOKHVFRQVDJUDGRDRWUDEDOKRTXHUQD,&RQIHUrQFLD,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKRTXHWHULD
OXJDUHP2XWXEURHP:DVKLQJWRQ'&
$VSURSRVWDVDSUHVHQWDGDVYLVDYDPSRUXPODGRGHIHQGHUXPDYLVmRGDSDUWLFLSDomRGDVPXOKHUHVQRWUD
EDOKRHQTXDQWRGLUHLWRHSRURXWURODGRJDUDQWLUTXHDVFRQGLo}HVGHWUDEDOKRQmRIRVVHPOHVLYDVGDVXDVD~GHH
VHJXUDQoD
1RFDStWXORGRVGLUHLWRVDVDVVRFLDo}HVIHPLQLQDVGHIHQGLDPTXH
DOHJLVODomRGRWUDEDOKRQmRGHYHULDOLPLWDUDOLEHUGDGHGHWUDEDOKDU6HFUHWDULDGRGRV,QWHUHVVHV)HPLQL
QRVQHPYHGDURDFHVVRGDVPXOKHUHVDFHUWDVLQG~VWULDVRXSURILVV}HV&RQIHUrQFLDGDV0XOKHUHV6XIUD
JLVWDV$OLDGDV6HFUHWDULDGRGRV,QWHUHVVHV)HPLQLQRV
R VDOiULR GHYHULD VHU LJXDO SDUD KRPHQV H PXOKHUHV TXDQGR ID]LDP R PHVPR WUDEDOKR&RQIHUrQFLD GDV
0XOKHUHV 6XIUDJLVWDV $OLDGDV /LJD )UDQFHVD GRV 'LUHLWRV GDV 0XOKHUHV &RQVHOKR ,QWHUQDFLRQDO GDV
0XOKHUHV
GHYHULDVHULQVWLWXtGRXPVDOiULRPtQLPRLJXDOSDUDKRPHQVHPXOKHUHVVHPSUHTXHH[HFXWDVVHPRPHV
PRWUDEDOKR/LJD)UDQFHVDGRV'LUHLWRVGDV0XOKHUHV6HFUHWDULDGRGRV,QWHUHVVHV)HPLQLQRVSRGHQGR
DTXHOHVHUSURSRUFLRQDODRFXVWRGHYLGDGHFDGDSDtV/LJD)UDQFHVDGRV'LUHLWRVGDV0XOKHUHVH
RHQVLQRSURILVVLRQDOGHYHULDVHUDFHVVtYHOHRUJDQL]DGRGHPRGRDSURSRUFLRQDULJXDOGDGHGHRSRUWXQLGD
GHVHQWUHRVGRLVVH[RV6HFUHWDULDGRGRV,QWHUHVVHV)HPLQLQRV
&RQVFLHQWHV GDV FRQGLo}HV GH WUDEDOKR TXH D LQGXVWULDOL]DomR LPSXQKD D KRPHQV PXOKHUHV H FULDQoDV HVWDV
DVVRFLDo}HVUHLYLQGLFDYDP
XPDMRUQDGDGLiULDGHWUDEDOKRTXHQmRGHYHULDH[FHGHURLWRKRUDV/LJD)UDQFHVDGRV'LUHLWRVGDV0XOKH
UHVHKRUDVVHPDQDLV&RQIHUrQFLDGDV0XOKHUHV6XIUDJLVWDV$OLDGDV
XP WHPSR IRUD GDV KRUDV GH WUDEDOKR SDUD R UHSRXVR RX SDUD R GHVHQYROYLPHQWR LQWHOHFWXDO &RQVHOKR
,QWHUQDFLRQDOGDV0XOKHUHV
DLQWHUGLomRGRWUDEDOKRQRFWXUQRSDUDKRPHQVHPXOKHUHVGHPRGRDQmRDIHFWDUDYLGDIDPLOLDU&RQIH
UrQFLDGDV0XOKHUHV6XIUDJLVWDV$OLDGDVDSHQDVDGPLVVtYHOHPFDVRGHDEVROXWDQHFHVVLGDGH/LJD)UDQ
FHVDGRV'LUHLWRVGDV0XOKHUHV
D SURWHFomR GD PDWHUQLGDGH WHPSR GH UHSRXVR H GLUHLWR D XP UHQGLPHQWR H GDV FULDQoDV QR WUDEDOKR
/LJD)UDQFHVDGRV'LUHLWRVGDV0XOKHUHV&RQIHUrQFLDGDV0XOKHUHV6XIUDJLVWDV$OLDGDV
DSURWHFomRHPVLWXDomRGHGHVHPSUHJRGRHQoDLQYDOLGH]HYHOKLFH6LQGLFDWRVGRV2SHUiULRV&RQIHGHUD
GRV
DLQVWLWXLomRGHLGDGHPtQLPDGHDFHVVRDRWUDEDOKRQmRLQIHULRUDRVDQRVGHLGDGH&RQIHUrQFLDGDV
0XOKHUHV6XIUDJLVWDV$OLDGDV
3DUDVXVWHQWDUDVSRVLo}HVGHIHQGLGDV HPDXGLomRDVDVVRFLDo}HVIHPLQLQDVHODERUDUDPXPUHODWyULRFRQWHQGR
GLVSRVLo}HVUHODWLYDVjGXUDomRGRWUDEDOKRGHVHPSUHJRKLJLHQHHWUDEDOKRGDVFULDQoDVWUDGX]LGDVHPPHGLGDV
PXLWRFRQFUHWDVSDUDROHJLVODGRU
$WtWXORGHH[HPSORUHIHUHPVHDVVHJXLQWHV
SDUDJDUDQWLUDSURWHFomRFRQWUDDFLGHQWHVQRVWUDEDOKRVSHULJRVRVRXTXHH[LJHPHVIRUoRVHVSHFLDLVDMRU
QDGDGHWUDEDOKRGHYHULDVHUUHGX]LGDSDUDPHQRVGHRLWRKRUDV
DVLQG~VWULDVVXMHLWDVjVD]RQDOLGDGHGHYHULDPRUJDQL]DUVHSDUDHYLWDURGHVHPSUHJRHPSHUtRGRVGHEDL
[DDFWLYLGDGH
$SULPHLUD&RQIHUrQFLD,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKRGHFRUUHXGHGH2XWXEURDGH1RYHPEURGH
126$548,926'$2,7«$662&,$d®(6)(0,1,1$6$35(6(17$0$668$65(,9,1',&$d®(6
DFRORFDomRGRSHVVRDOGHYHULDVHUIHLWDVDOYDJXDUGDQGRDLJXDOGDGH
DVPXOKHUHVQmRGHYHULDPH[HFXWDUDFWLYLGDGHVUHFRQKHFLGDVFRPRSHULJRVDVSDUDDPDWHUQLGDGH
WRGDV DV PXOKHUHV HPSUHJDGDV RX QmR WHULDP GLUHLWR D XPD FRPSHQVDomR GXUDQWH DV VHLV VHPDQDV TXH
DQWHFHGHPRQDVFLPHQWRHDVVHLVVHPDQDVDSyVRSDUWR(VWHSDJDPHQWRQmRGHYHULDVHULQIHULRUDRVDOiULR
PtQLPRGHVXEVLVWrQFLDSUHYLVWRSDUDDVXDUHJLmR
RHQVLQRSULPiULRJUDWXLWRVHULDREULJDWyULRHPWRGRVRVSDtVHVDWpDRVDQRVGHLGDGHVHPGLVWLQomRGH
VH[RFODVVHUDoDRXUHOLJLmR
QRTXHVHUHIHUHjVFULDQoDVDDGPLVVmRDHPSUHJRGHYHULDVHUDQWHFHGLGDGHXPH[DPHPpGLFRREULJDWy
ULR
&RPHYLGHQWHVSUHRFXSDo}HVTXDQWRjVFRQGLo}HVGHWUDEDOKRGDVPXOKHUHVDVUHLYLQGLFDo}HVQmRVHOLPLWDUDPj
GHIHVDGRVVHXVLQWHUHVVHV,QFOXtUDPDPHOKRULDGDVLWXDomRGRVKRPHQVHGDVFULDQoDVQRWUDEDOKR
$VSRVLo}HVGHIHQGLGDVUHIOHFWLDPDFRQYLFomRGHTXHPHGLGDVGHPDVLDGRSURWHFFLRQLVWDVUHODWLYDPHQWH
jVPXOKHUHVOHYDULDPjVXDH[FOXVmRGRGLUHLWRDRWUDEDOKReGLVVRH[HPSORDSURSRVWDTXHID]HPSDUDTXHQDV
IXWXUDVQRUPDVLQWHUQDFLRQDLVGRWUDEDOKRHPYH]GH³SURWHFomRGDVPXOKHUHVHFULDQoDVQRWUDEDOKR´VHPHQ
FLRQH³SURWHFomRGDPDWHUQLGDGHHGDLQIkQFLD´(WDPEpPTXDQGRGHIHQGHPTXHRWUDEDOKRQRFWXUQRpQRFL
YRWDQWRSDUDPXOKHUHVFRPRSDUDKRPHQVXPDYH]TXHWRGRVPHUHFHPGLVIUXWDUGDYLGDIDPLOLDU
$V DVVRFLDo}HV IHPLQLQDV FRQVLGHUDYDP TXH D GHVLJXDOGDGH GH WUDWDPHQWR VHSDUDYD RV LQWHUHVVVHV GRV
KRPHQVHGDVPXOKHUHVFRORFDQGRRVPHVPRHPFRQWUDGLomR1HVWDOLQKDKDYLDDLQGDDSUHRFXSDomRGHSUHYH
QLUDWUDYpVGDLJXDOGDGHVDODULDODSRVVtYHOFRQFRUUrQFLDTXHVHULDSUHMXGLFLDOSDUDDVPXOKHUHVHSDUDDVHFRQR
PLDVGRVSDtVHVHPUD]mRGRVEDL[RVVDOiULRVSDJRVjVPXOKHUHVHFULDQoDVHjVORQJDVMRUQDGDVGHWUDEDOKR
$~QLFDH[FHSomRDGPLWLGDQRTXHVHUHIHUHDWUDWDPHQWRGLIHUHQWHHUDTXDQWRjPDWHUQLGDGH
&RQVLGHUDYDPDLQGDDGHIHVDGRVVHXVLQWHUHVVHVFRPRXPGLUHLWRSHORTXHDGYRJDYDPDLQFRUSRUDomR
GHPXOKHUHVQDVFRPLVV}HVTXHWUDWDVVHPGDOHJLVODomRGRWUDEDOKRHQmRDSHQDVQDTXHODVTXHDERUGDVVHPHVSH
FLILFDPHQWHTXHVW}HVPDLVUHODFLRQDGDVFRPDVPXOKHUHV
3DUHFLDKDYHUDFRQYLFomRGHTXHVHPXOKHUHVFRPSHWHQWHVIRVVHPLQWHJUDGDVHRXYLGDVQHVWDVGLVFXVV}HV
RVSURJUHVVRVTXDQWRjVLWXDomRGDVWUDEDOKDGRUDVSRGHULDPVHUPDLVUiSLGRV
(PDVRUJDQL]Do}HVGHPXOKHUHVGHPRQVWUDUDPXPJUDQGHGLQDPLVPRDSURYHLWDQGRTXHUDVGLVFXV
V}HVGD&RQIHUrQFLDGH3D]QRTXDGURGD6RFLHGDGHGDV1Do}HVTXHUDUHDOL]DomRGD,&RQIHUrQFLD,QWHUQDFLR
QDOGR7UDEDOKRSDUDRUJDQL]DUQDPHVPDFLGDGHRž&RQJUHVVR,QWHUQDFLRQDOGDV0XOKHUHV7UDEDOKDGRUDV
GH2XWXEURDGH1RYHPEURHSDUDH[HUFHUHPXPDGLSORPDFLDLQWHQVDMXQWRGDVRUJDQL]Do}HVVXSUDQDFLRQDLV
TXHVHHVWDYDPDFRQVWLWXLU
3DUDFRQFOXLURFRQWH~GRGDDXGLomRTXHDTXLVHDSUHVHQWDYLVDGDUDFRQKHFHURSDSHOTXHDVDJrQFLDV
GRVLVWHPDGDV1Do}HV8QLGDVVHPSUHGHVHPSHQKDUDPQD SURPRomRGDLJXDOGDGHHQWUHKRPHQVHPXOKHUHVH
QHVWDPDWpULDGHVWDFDURSLRQHLULVPRGD2UJDQL]DomR,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKRSRUWHULQLFLDGRHFRQVWUXtGRDR
ORQJRGHPDLVGHQRYHGpFDGDVHVWHSHUFXUVR5HLQDOGD
&RQVXOWDGRVRVGRFXPHQWRVGDpSRFDHFRPXP³ROKDUGLVWDQFLDGR´SRGHPRVFRQFOXLUTXHTXHUD3DUWH
;,,,GR7UDWDGRGH9HUVDOKHVTXHUR5HODWyULRGD&,7FRQWULEXtUDPSDUDDILUPDUTXHWDPEpPQRWUDEDOKRRV
GLUHLWRVGDVPXOKHUHVVmRGLUHLWRVKXPDQRVFRPRILFDUDPGHILQLWLYDPHQWHFRQILUPDGRVQD&RQIHUrQFLD0XQGLDO
VREUHRV'LUHLWRV+XPDQRVHPHP9LHQDHGRLVDQRVGHSRLVHPQD,9&RQIHUrQFLD0XQGLDOGD
218VREUHDV0XOKHUHVHP3HTXLP
$OEHUWLQD-RUGmR
Referências Bibliográficas
%,7%XOOHWLQ2IILFLHO*HQqYHYHUVmRGLJLWDOLQ
KWWSZZZLORRUJSXEOLFOLEGRFLOR3SGIFRQVXOWDGDDGH'H]HPEURGH
/8%,1&DURO5:,16/2:$QQH 6RFLDO-XVWLFHIRU:RPHQ7KH,QWHUQDWLRQDO/DERU2UJDQL]DWLRQ
DQG:RPHQ'XNH8QLYHUVLW\3UHVV86$
5(,1$/'$%RE³8QHDQDO\VHFULWLTXHGHVIHPPHVGDQVO8QLRQ(XURSpHQQH³$$99*HQUHHWSROL
WLTXH'pEDWVHWSHUVSHFWLYHV*DOOLPDUGSS3DULV
52'*(56*HUU\HWDO³/¶2,7HWODTXrWHGHMXVWLFHVRFLDOH³%,7*HQqYH
'(/$81$< -HDQ0DUF '(1(&+(5( <YHV GLU ³/HV IHPPHV HW OHV UHODWLRQV LQWHUQDWLRQDOHV DX
;;HVLqFOH³3UHVVHV6RUERQQH1RXYHOOHV3DULV
3$57,(;,,,75$9$,/'875$,7('(9(56$,//(6'8-8,1%,7*HQqYH
Da Sombra para a Luz: O Trabalho Doméstico e a OIT
0DQXHOD7RPHL
'LUHFWRUDGH7UDYDLO2,7
Resumo | (VWHDUWLJRWUDWDGHXPDIRUPDGHWUDEDOKRTXHWHPVLGRGHVYDORUL]DGDHSRUYH]HVH[FOXtGDGRV
GLUHLWRVODERUDLVHPWRGRRPXQGR$2,7QRkPELWRGRVVHXVHVIRUoRVQDSURVVHFXomRGDDJHQGDGRWUDED
OKRGLJQRSURS{VDDGRSomRGHXPDQRUPDLQWHUQDFLRQDOTXHUHFRQKHoDRWUDEDOKRGRPpVWLFRFRPRXPWUD
EDOKRFRPRTXDOTXHURXWUR
Abstract | “From the shadow to the fore: Domestic work and the ILO”7KLVDUWLFOHVKRZKRZGRPHVWLF
ZRUNKDVEHHQXQGHUYDOXHGDQG YHU\RIWHQH[FOXGHGIURPODERXUULJKWV7KH,/2DVSDUWRILWVHIIRUWVLQ
SXUVXLWRIWKHGHFHQWZRUNDJHQGDSURSRVHGWKHDGRSWLRQRIDQHZODERXUVWDQGDUWDGYRFDWLQJIRUUHFRJQL]H
WKLVZRUNDVOLNHRWKHUZRUN
__________
$2,7($,*8$/'$'('(*e1(5212081'2'275$%$/+2&DGHUQRV6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRQžSS
'$620%5$3$5$$/8=275$%$/+2'20e67,&2($2,7
³7RPDUFRQWDGH´H³ID]HUDOLPSH]DGDFDVD´FRQVWLWXHPXPWUDEDOKRWmRDQWLJRTXDQWRDSUySULDH[LVWrQFLD
³GDFDVD´HWUDGLFLRQDOPHQWHSUHFiULRLQVHJXURHIOH[tYHO)DODPRVGHXPWUDEDOKRWUDGLFLRQDOPHQWHGHVHP
SHQKDGRSRUPXOKHUHVSDUDRXWUDVPXOKHUHVHTXHFRQWLQXDDVHUHQFDUDGRFRPRXPWUDEDOKRGHPXOKHUHV
$SHVDUGRWUDEDOKRGRPpVWLFRLQWHJUDUDDJHQGDGD2,7GHVGHVHPSUHIRLDSHQDVHP0DUoRGH
TXHR&RQVHOKRGH$GPLQLVWUDomRGD2,7DFRUGRXLQFOXLUXPSRQWRUHODWLYRDRWUDEDOKRGLJQRSDUDWUDEDOKR
GRPpVWLFRQDRUGHPGHWUDEDOKRVGD6HVVmRGD&RQIHUrQFLD,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKR&,7FRP
YLVWDjHODERUDomRGHQRUPDVGRWUDEDOKR(P-XQKRGHD&,7GHFLGLUiVREUHDDGRSomRRXUHMHLomRGH
XPDQRYDQRUPDLQWHUQDFLRQDOGHWUDEDOKRQHVWHFDVRVREUHWUDEDOKRGRPpVWLFR
8PDLPSRUWDQWHUD]mRSDUDHVWHLQWHUHVVHUHQRYDGRTXDQWRDRWUDEDOKRGRPpVWLFRDVVHQWDQDVGLILFXO
GDGHV FUHVFHQWHV GRDV WUDEDOKDGRUDV FRP UHVSRQVDELOLGDGHV IDPLOLDUHV HVSHFLDOPHQWH VHQWLGDV SHODV
PXOKHUHVHPDVVHJXUDUDFRQFLOLDomRHQWUHWUDEDOKRHIDPtOLD0XGDQoDVGHPRJUiILFDVHVRFLDLVLQFOXLQGR
XPDSDUWLFLSDomRFUHVFHQWHGDVPXOKHUHVQDIRUoDGHWUDEDOKRHPWRGRRPXQGRH[SXVHUDPRGHVHQFRQWUR
HQWUHDVQHFHVVLGDGHVGHTXHPWUDEDOKDHUHVSHFWLYDVIDPtOLDVHDRUJDQL]DomRDFWXDOGRWUDEDOKRHGRVORFDLV
GHWUDEDOKRLQFDSD]HVGHDFRPSDQKDUDTXHODVPXGDQoDV$DXVrQFLDRXRGHVDMXVWDPHQWRGHSROtWLFDVS~EOL
FDVGHFRQFLOLDomRWUDEDOKRIDPtOLDHPSXUUDUDPPXLWDVIDPtOLDVGHSDtVHVGHEDL[RPpGLRHDOWRUHQGLPHQWR
SDUDRUHFXUVRFUHVFHQWHDVHUYLoRVGRPpVWLFRVSDJRVFRPRUHVSRVWDjVWHQV}HVSURYRFDGDVSHODGLILFXOGDGH
GHFRQFLOLDomR
2WUDEDOKRGRPpVWLFRWHPSRUWDQWRYLQGRDDVVXPLUXPDLPSRUWkQFLDFHQWUDOQDPDQXWHQomRHEHP
HVWDUGRVDJUHJDGRVIDPLOLDUHVHQRIXQFLRQDPHQWRQRUPDOGRVPHUFDGRVGHWUDEDOKRQRPXQGRFRQWHPSR
UkQHR&RQWXGRDSHVDUGDVXDLPSRUWkQFLDHFRQyPLFDHVRFLDORWUDEDOKRGRPpVWLFRFRQWLQXDDVHUDOYRGH
XPDUHJXODomRSREUHSHUPDQHFHODUJDPHQWHLQIRUPDOHVRIUHGHXPDHOHYDGDLQFLGrQFLDGHWUDEDOKRLQIDQWLO
WUDEDOKRIRUoDGRGLVFULPLQDomRHQHJDomRGHOLEHUGDGHGHDVVRFLDomR
,VWR UHIOHFWH XP JUDQGH SDUDGR[R RVDJUHJDGRV IDPLOLDUHVFRQILDP DRjV WUDEDOKDGRUDV GRPpVWL
FRDVDTXLORTXHOKHVpPDLVTXHULGRQRPHDGDPHQWHDVVXDVFDVDVHRVVHXVHQWHVTXHULGRVPDVQmRHVWmR
GLVSRQtYHLV SDUD RV UHPXQHUDU GH XPD IRUPD TXH VHMD FRPSDWtYHO FRP DV UHVSRQVDELOLGDGHV H R WUDEDOKR
HPRFLRQDOHQYROYLGRVQRWUDEDOKRGRPpVWLFR$YXOQHUDELOLGDGHOHJDOHVRFLDOFRPDTXDOVHFRQIURQWDPHVWi
HQUDL]DGDQREDL[RYDORUVRFLDOHHFRQyPLFRDWULEXtGRjSUHVWDomRGHFXLGDGRVSDJDRXQmRSDJDRTXHSRU
VXDYH]WUDGX]DGLYLVmRGHVLJXDOGDVUHVSRQVDELOLGDGHVIDPLOLDUHVHGRPpVWLFDVHQWUHKRPHQVHPXOKHUHV
6HpYHUGDGHTXHD2,7FRPHoRXDSURFXUDUUHVSRVWDHPPHDGRVGDGpFDGDGHSDUDRVGHVDILRV
DVVRFLDGRV DR FUHVFLPHQWR GR WUDEDOKR SUHFiULR PDO UHPXQHUDGR H PDLRULWDULDPHQWH GHVHPSHQKDGR SRU
PXOKHUHVYHUQHVWHDUWLJR³7UDEDOKRGRPpVWLFRXPDSUHRFXSDomRDQWLJDGD2,7´WDPEpPPHUHFHHVSH
FLDO GHVWDTXH D $JHQGD SDUD R 7UDEDOKR 'LJQR TXH FRP R VHX HQIRTXH QR WUDEDOKR GLJQR SDUD WRGRDV
RDVWUDEDOKDGRUDVUHIRUoRXDLQGDPDLVDTXHODVSUHRFXSDo}HV
7UDEDOKR'LJQRSDUDWRGRVVLJQLILFDRUHFRQKHFLPHQWRGHTXHWUDEDOKDGRUHV±KRPHQVRXPXOKHUHV±
LQGHSHQGHQWHPHQWHGHRQGHWUDEDOKDP ±QRFDPSRQXP HVFULWyULRQXPDIiEULFDRXQXPDFDVD ±RXSDUD
TXHPWUDEDOKDP±XPDSHVVRDVLQJXODURXXPDSHVVRDFROHFWLYDHLQGHSHQGHQWHPHQWHGHHVWDUHPRXQmRD
VHU³SDJRVSRUIRUD´WrPGLUHLWRDYLYHUHDWUDEDOKDUFRPUHVSHLWRHGLJQLGDGH7UDEDOKR'LJQRSDUDR7UDED
OKR 'RPpVWLFR H[LJH HQWUH RXWURV RUHFRQKHFLPHQWR GH XPD UHODomRGH HPSUHJR FRP HVSHFLILFLGDGHV HR
0LQ*%
,/25HSRUW,9'HFHQW:RUNIRU'RPHVWLF:RUNHUV,/&WKVHVVLRQ
0DQXHOD7RPHL
SURYLGHQFLDU GH QRUPDV HVSHFtILFDV GH IRUPD D DVVHJXUDU D HVWHDV WUDEDOKDGRUDV R JR]R GRV PHVPRV
GLUHLWRVTXHRDVGHPDLV
A Casa como Local de Trabalho: Políticas e Desafios
8PDFDVDQmRpXPORFDOGHWUDEDOKRFRQYHQFLRQDO$VOHLVHUHJXODPHQWRVGRWUDEDOKREHPFRPRRVPHFD
QLVPRVGHYHULILFDomRGRUHVSHLWRSHODOHLWHQGHPDVHUIRUPXODGRVFRPEDVHQDLGHLDGHWUDEDOKDGRUHVGR
VH[R PDVFXOLQR TXH VH DVVXPH VHUHP D ~QLFD RX SULQFLSDO IRQWH GH UHQGLPHQWR GD IDPtOLD TXH WUDEDOKDP
WRGR R DQR SRU WHPSR LQGHWHUPLQDGR H SDUD XP ~QLFR HPSUHJDGRU WLSLFDPHQWH QXP HVFULWyULR RX QXPD
IiEULFDPDVHPWRGRRFDVRIRUDGHFDVD
$FDVDWHPXPYDORUVLPEyOLFRPXLWRIRUWHFRQVWLWXLRODUGHXPDIDPtOLDHDVIDPtOLDVVmRDIXQGDomR
GDVVRFLHGDGHVHFRQVWLWXHPHVSDoRGHSDUWLOKDGHDPRUHDIHFWRTXHHVFDSDPjOyJLFDGDVWUDQVDFo}HVSXUD
PHQWHFRPHUFLDLVRXGHQDWXUH]DHFRQyPLFD$FDVDWHPWDPEpPVLGRGHVFULWDWUDGLFLRQDOPHQWHFRPRR
³UHLQRGDVPXOKHUHV´R~QLFRGRPtQLRQRTXDOGHVGHVHPSUHDVPXOKHUHVH[HUFHUDPXPFRQWURORFRQVLGH
UiYHO$OLGDGRPpVWLFDHRWRPDUFRQWDGHFULDQoDVGHLGRVRVGHGRHQWHVHGDTXHOHVTXHVHFRQIURQWDPFRP
DOJXPDOLPLWDomRWrPSRUWDQWRVLGRWUDGLFLRQDOPHQWHUHVSRQVDELOLGDGHH[FOXVLYDGDVPXOKHUHV
'HIRUPDDSUHVHUYDURFDUiFWHUVDJUDGRHtQWLPRGRODUOHLVHSROtWLFDVIRUDPGHVHQYROYLGDVDRORQJR
GRWHPSRSDUDJDUDQWLUDLQYLRODELOLGDGHGDVXDSULYDFLGDGHHVWDEHOHFHQGRUHVWULo}HVVLJQLILFDWLYDVjLQWHUIH
UrQFLDGRV(VWDGRV$SHQDVQDV~OWLPDVGpFDGDVHVWDTXHVWmRIRLLQWURGX]LGDQRGHEDWHS~EOLFR2HQYHOKH
FLPHQWRGDVVRFLHGDGHVDHPDQFLSDomRHFRQyPLFDHVRFLDOGDVPXOKHUHVHRVXUJLPHQWRHPSULPHLUROXJDU
QDVHFRQRPLDVPDLVDYDQoDGDVVHJXLGRGRVSDtVHVGHPpGLRUHQGLPHQWRGHIDPtOLDVFRPGRLVSURYHGRUHVGH
UHQGLPHQWRH[SXVHUDPRVOLPLWHVGDVWUDGLFLRQDLVVROXo}HVSDUDDOLGDGDFDVDHSDUDDSUHVWDomRGHFXLGD
GRVTXHPDLRULWDULDPHQWHGHSHQGLDPGRWUDEDOKRQmRSDJRGDVPXOKHUHVQDVVXDVFDVDV
1HVWH FRQWH[WR PXLWDV IDPtOLDV GD FODVVH PpGLDDOWD QRV SDtVHV ULFRV YLUDPVH IRUoDGDV D UHFRUUHU D
WUDEDOKDGRUDVGRPpVWLFRDVGR6XOSDUDDVVHJXUDUDTXHODVUHVSRQVDELOLGDGHVGDQGRRULJHPDRTXHILFDULD
FRQKHFLGRFRPR³FRUUHQWHJOREDOGHSUHVWDomRGHFXLGDGRV´(PRXWUDVHFRQRPLDVDYDQoDGDVRUHFXUVRDR
RXWVRXUFLQJSDUDHVWDVWDUHIDVWRUQRXVHXPDSROtWLFDS~EOLFDHQFRUDMDGDSHOR(VWDGRDWUDYpVGHSURFHGLPHQ
WRVVLPSOLILFDGRVGHUHFUXWDPHQWRHSDJDPHQWRHEHQHItFLRVILVFDLVHPQRPHGDLJXDOGDGHGHJpQHURHGD
FRQFLOLDomRIDPtOLDWUDEDOKR(VWDVWHQGrQFLDVSRGHUmRWHUFRQWULEXtGRSDUDXPDPDLRUGLVSRQLELOLGDGHGH
WHPSRSDUDPXOKHUHVDOWDPHQWHTXDOLILFDGDVHSDUDPDLVRSRUWXQLGDGHVGHHPSUHJRSDUDDVPHQRVTXDOLILFD
GDV H PDLV PDO UHPXQHUDGDV PDV DR PHVPR WHPSR R WUDEDOKR GRPpVWLFR SHUPDQHFH SRXFR TXDOLILFDGR
SRXFRYDORUL]DGRHODUJDPHQWHLQIRUPDORXQmRGHFODUDGR
9iULRVIDFWRUHVFRQWULEXtUDPSDUDXPDVXEYDORUL]DomRFRQWLQXDGDGHVWHWLSRGHWUDEDOKRID]HQGRGHOH
XPWUDEDOKRGHVHJXQGDHSDUDDVXDSHUVLVWHQWHLQIRUPDOLGDGH(QWUHHOHVGHVWDFDPVHDLQYLVLELOLGDGHGDV
WDUHIDVGRPpVWLFDVDHVSHFLILFLGDGHGHTXHPHPSUHJDHRVGHVDILRVDVVRFLDGRVjDSOLFDomRGDOHLQRFRQWH[WR
GRODU
/83,&$&³7UDEDMRGRPpVWLFRUHPXQHUDGRXQDSXHUWDGHLQJUHVRDOPHUFDGRODERUDOSDUDPXFKDVPDGUHV´LQ%ROHWtQGHOD
PDWHUQLGDG1RRFWXEUHGHS
(+5(15(,&+%DUEDUD5866(//+2&+6&+,/'$UOLHHGLWRUV*OREDO:RPDQ0HWURSROLWDQ%RRNV1HZ<RUN
720(,0³'HFHQWZRUNIRUGRPHVWLFZRUNHUV$QDFKLHYDEOHJRDORUZLVKIXOWKLQNLQJ"´LQ/HHDQG0F&DQQHGV³5HJX
ODWLQJIRU'HFHQW:RUN,/2DQG3DOJUDYH´QRSUHOR'(9(77(5)52866($86³7KHLPSDFWRILQGXVWULDOL]DWLRQRQ
SDLG GRPHVWLF ZRUN 7KH FDVH RI )UDQFH´ LQ (XURSHDQ -RXUQDO RI ,QGXVWULDO 5HODWLRQV YRO 1R SS :,1'(
%$1.-³2XWVRXUFLQJZRPHQ¶VGRPHVWLFODERXUWKHFKqTXHHPSORLVHUYLFHXQLYHUVHOLQ)UDQFH´LQ-RXUQDORI(XUR
SHDQ6RFLDO3ROLF\
'$620%5$3$5$$/8=275$%$/+2'20e67,&2($2,7
A invisibilidade das tarefas domésticas
(P DOJXQV SDtVHVVHUVH PRWRULVWD RX GHVHPSHQKDUWDUHIDV GRPpVWLFDVFRPR MDUGLQDJHP RX VHJXUDQoD HP
GRPLFtOLRV SULYDGRV p TXDVH VHPSUH XP WUDEDOKR GHVHPSHQKDGR SRU KRPHQV 1R HQWDQWR D HVPDJDGRUD
PDLRULDGRWUDEDOKRGRPpVWLFRpGHVHPSHQKDGRSRUPXOKHUHVTXHSRGHPFR]LQKDUODYDUSDVVDUDIHUUROLP
SDUWRPDUFRQWDGHFULDQoDVLGRVRVSHVVRDVFRPDOJXPWLSRGHLQFDSDFLGDGHHDWpGHDQLPDLVGRPpVWLFRV
$V WDUHIDV D VHUHP GHVHPSHQKDGDV QR kPELWR GR WUDEDOKR GRPpVWLFR QmR VmR QRUPDOPHQWH GHILQLGDV FRP
SUHFLVmR H SRGHP YDULDU DR ORQJR GR WHPSR 2V WHUPRV XWLOL]DGRV SDUD UHIHULU DV WDUHIDV VmR QRWDYHOPHQWH
YDJRVHFDGDXPSRGHLQFOXLUXPOHTXHDGLFLRQDOGHUHVSRQVDELOLGDGHV3RUH[HPSOR³WRPDUFRQWD´GHXPD
FULDQoDSRGHLUGHVGHEDE\VLWWLQJDWpDRDVVXPLUGHUHVSRQVDELOLGDGHVSHODVXDHGXFDomR$DXVrQFLDGHGHWD
OKHVHHVSHFLILFLGDGHVQDHQXPHUDomRGDQDWXUH]DHYDULHGDGHGDVWDUHIDVDVVRFLDGDVDRWUDEDOKRGRPpVWLFRp
XPD FDUDFWHUtVWLFD FRPXP D RXWUDV RFXSDo}HV PDLRULWDULDPHQWH GRPLQDGDV SRU PXOKHUHV R TXH UHIOHFWH
HQYLHVDPHQWRVGHJpQHUR1RFDVRGHWUDEDOKRVPDLRULWDULDPHQWHGHVHPSHQKDGRVSRUKRPHQVDGHVFULomRGH
WDUHIDVWHQGHFODUDPHQWHDVHUPDLVSUHFLVDHSHUFHSWtYHOSHUPLWLQGRHQWHQGHUDVYiULDVGLPHQV}HVGRFRQ
WH~GRGHXPWUDEDOKR
$LPSUHFLVmRQDGHVFULomRGDVWDUHIDVpSRUVLPHVPRLQGLFDGRUGREDL[RYDORUHGDQDWXUH]DQmRSUR
GXWLYD TXH VmR DWULEXtGRV DR WUDEDOKR GRPpVWLFR (VSHOKD D SHUFHSomR GH XP WUDEDOKR TXH QmR SUHFLVD GH
FRPSHWrQFLDV RX FRQKHFLPHQWRV HVSHFtILFRV TXH QmR FRPSUHHQGH QHQKXPD UHVSRQVDELOLGDGH H TXH QmR p
H[LJHQWH TXHU HP WHUPRV GH HVIRUoR ItVLFR PHQWDO RX SVLFROyJLFR H TXH p GHVHQYROYLGR QXP DPELHQWH GH
WUDEDOKRTXHVHDVVXPHFRQIRUWiYHOHOLYUHGHTXDLVTXHUULVFRV2IDFWRGHDVFRPSHWrQFLDVHFRQKHFLPHQWRV
VHUHPDGTXLULGRVLQIRUPDOPHQWHHPDPELHQWHGRPpVWLFRDWUDYpVGHRXWUDVPXOKHUHVUHIRUoDDLPDJHPGR
WUDEDOKRGRPpVWLFRFRPRXPWUDEDOKRTXHSRGHVHUIHLWRSRUTXDOTXHUSHVVRDDSWRDVHUGHVHPSHQKDGRSRU
PXOKHUHV(VWDVLPDJHQVHVFRQGHPDUHDOLGDGHGHXPWUDEDOKRTXHSRGHVHUItVLFDPHQWDOHHPRFLRQDOPHQWH
PXLWRH[WHQXDQWHHVSHFLDOPHQWHTXDQGRHQYROYHDSUHVWDomRGHFXLGDGRVHTXHH[LJHSROLYDOrQFLDHFDSDFL
GDGHGHSODQHDPHQWRHRUJDQL]DomR
2 IDFWR GH KLVWRULFDPHQWH VH UHPXQHUDUHP RDV WUDEDOKDGRUDV UHVLGHQWHV DWUDYpV GH SDJDPHQWRV
HPJpQHURHGHHVWHVWHUHPUHSUHVHQWDGRHDLQGDUHSUHVHQWDUHPHPPXLWRVSDtVHVXPDSDUWHVXEVWDQFLDOGD
UHPXQHUDomRLOXVWUDLJXDOPHQWHRHVWDWXWRLQIHULRUDWULEXtGRDHVWHWUDEDOKR
2FDUiFWHUYDJRHDSUR[LPDWLYRQDGHVFULomRGRTXHHVWHWLSRGHWUDEDOKRHQYROYHDSUHVHQWDFRQVLGH
UiYHLV DUPDGLOKDV 2 SULPHLUR SUREOHPD p TXH D OLVWDGH WDUHIDV D GHVHPSHQKDUSRGH FUHVFHULQILQLWDPHQWH
FRP FRQVHTXrQFLDV QHJDWLYDV SDUD R GHVHPSHQKR EHPHVWDU H YLGDSULYDGD GRDV WUDEDOKDGRUDV HVXDV
IDPtOLDV1HVWHFDVRXPDPDLRUHILFLrQFLDGRDWUDEDOKDGRUDQmRVHWUDGX]HPPDLVWHPSRGHGHVFDQVRPDV
DQWHV HP WUDEDOKR DGLFLRQDO 2XWUR ULVFR DVVRFLDGR SDVVD SHOD SRVVLELOLGDGH GH OKH VHU H[LJLGR TXH SDUD
DOpPGDOLGDGRPpVWLFDGDFDVDHGDSUHVWDomRGHVHUYLoRVTXHOLPSHWDPEpPDVLQVWDODo}HVGHXPQHJyFLR
GDIDPtOLDRXTXH³GrXPDDMXGD´GXUDQWHDOJXPDVKRUDVSRUGLDQHVVHQHJyFLRRXQDTXLQWDGRHPSUHJDGRU
(VWHWLSRGHVLWXDo}HVpPDLVFRPXPTXDQGRDFDVDGDIDPtOLDpVLPXOWDQHDPHQWHRORFDOGRQHJyFLR
$DXVrQFLDGHXPDGHVFULomRSUHFLVDGHWDUHIDVHUHVSRQVDELOLGDGHDVHUHPGHVHPSHQKDGDVQmRVyWRU
QDRVVHXVKRUiULRVHRQ~PHURGHKRUDVH[WUHPDPHQWH³HOiVWLFRV´PDVFRQMXQWDPHQWHFRPDLPSUHYLVLELOL
GDGH GDV QHFHVVLGDGHV GR DJUHJDGR WUDGX]VH QXP DUJXPHQWR SDUD QHJDU D WUDEDOKDGRUDV UHVLGHQWHV D
JDUDQWLDGHXPVDOiULRPtQLPR(P+RQJ.RQJSRUH[HPSORHVWDFDWHJRULDGHSHVVRDOTXDQGRpUHVLGHQWH
ILFDIRUDGRkPELWRGRVDOiULRPtQLPRUHFHQWHPHQWHLQWURGX]LGRGHYLGRjQDWXUH]DGLVWLQWDGRWUDEDOKRHj
GLILFXOGDGHHPGHWHUPLQDUDVVXDVKRUDVGHWUDEDOKR(VWDVLWXDomRDVVHQWDQDSUHVXQomRGHTXHDVQHFHVVL
GDGHV GR DJUHJDGR SUHYDOHFHP VHPSUH VREUH DV GRDV WUDEDOKDGRUDV H TXH GHVWHDV VH HVSHUD TXH
GHVHPSHQKHPDVWDUHIDVFRPDPHVPDGHYRomRGRVSDUHQWHVGDVFULDQoDVGHTXHPHVWmRDFXLGDU$VWUDED
&+,&+$ 07 3URPRWLQJ (TXLW\ *HQGHU QHXWUDO MRE HYDOXDWLRQ IRU HTXDO SD\ $ VWHSE\VWHS JXLGH SS ,/2
*HQHYD
6$5$68$&³:HUH6HUYDQWV3DLGDFFRUGLQJWRWKHLU3URGXFWLYLW\"´LQ)$89(&+$028;$RSFLWSS
5$0,5(=0$&+$'2 -0 ³'RPHVWLF ZRUN FRQGLWLRQV RI ZRUN DQG HPSOR\PHQW D OHJDO SHUVSHFWLYH´ LQ &RQGLWLRQV RI
:RUNDQG(PSOR\PHQWVHULHV1R,/2*HQHYDGLVSRQtYHOHPKWWSZZZLORRUJSXEOLFHQJOLVKSURWHFWLRQFRQGWUDY /&3DSHU1R&%5HSRUWRIWKH%LOOV&RPPLWWHHRQ0LQLPXP:DJH%LOO
0DQXHOD7RPHL
OKDGRUDVGRPpVWLFDVWRUQDPVHDVVLPQXPDHVSpFLHGH³PmHVVXEVWLWXWDV´HPYH]GHWUDEDOKDGRUDVHQYROYL
GDVQXPDUHODomRGHHPSUHJR
Trabalho doméstico: uma actividade profissional sem paralelo
2$VWUDEDOKDGRUDVGRPpVWLFRDVHVWmRHQWUHDVSRXFDVFDWHJRULDVGHWUDEDOKDGRUHDVGHTXHPHVSHUD
TXHWHQKDPSRUHPSUHJDGRUXPDPXOKHU7DOpFRQVLVWHQWHFRPDSHUFHSomRGHTXHRWUDEDOKRQDFDVDp
UHVSRQVDELOLGDGH GDV PXOKHUHV PHVPR SHUDQWH RXWVRXUFLQJ H LQGHSHQGHQWHPHQWH GH TXHP SDJD ,VWR
HQFHUUDXPFHUWRQ~PHURGHFRQVHTXrQFLDV3ULPHLURXPDYH]TXHDVWDUHIDVHQYROYLGDVQRWUDEDOKRGRPpV
WLFR FRUUHVSRQGHP DR TXH VH HVSHUD GDV PXOKHUHV QD IDPtOLD DTXHOH WHQGH D QmR VHU SHUFHSFLRQDGR FRPR
WUDEDOKR ³UHDO´ H RDV WUDEDOKDGRUDV GRPpVWLFRDV WHQGHP D QmR VHU YLVWRDV FRPR WUDEDOKDGRUDV
³UHDLV´
6HJXQGRRIDFWRGRWUDEDOKRGRPpVWLFRVHUWHQGHQFLDOPHQWHGDUHVSRQVDELOLGDGHGHJUXSRVGHVIDYRUH
FLGRVFRQWULEXLSDUDGLPLQXLUDLQGDPDLVRYDORUGRWUDEDOKRTXHGHVHPSHQKDPDRVROKRVGDHPSUHJDGRUDH
DPDUUDRDVWUDEDOKDGRUDVjLGHLDGHTXHHVWmRDEHQHILFLDUGRIDYRUGHWHUWUDEDOKRHHPDOJXQVFDVRV
FRPLGDHDORMDPHQWRHSRUWDQWRGHTXHHVWmRSURWHJLGRVGDSREUH]DRXGDLQGLJrQFLD
7HUFHLURQDDXVrQFLDGHOHJLVODomRODERUDOVLJQLILFDWLYDRVWHUPRVHFRQGLo}HVGHTXHPRDVHPSUH
JD VmR HVWDEHOHFLGRV RUDOPHQWH HP IXQomR GD LQIRUPDomR SDUWLOKDGD SRU SHVVRDV DPLJDV H YL]LQKRV H TXH
GHSHQGHP GR VHQWLGR GH MXVWLoD GRD HPSUHJDGRUD ,VWR p SDUWLFXODUPHQWH YHUGDGH SDUD HPSUHJDGRUHDV
TXHQmRSDUWLFLSDPQRPHUFDGRGHWUDEDOKRWUDGLFLRQDOHTXHSRUWDQWRQmRHVWmRPXLWRjYRQWDGHFRPOHJLV
ODomRODERUDO
4XDUWR TXHP HPSUHJD WHQGH D QmR VH SHUFHSFLRQDU FRPR HPSUHJDGRUD SRGHQGR SRUWDQWR VHQWLU
FRPRRIHQVLYDVTXHL[DVGRDWUDEDOKDGRUDGRPpVWLFRDUHODWLYDPHQWHDEDL[RVVDOiULRVRXDRQmRUHVSHLWR
GRDHPSUHJDGRUDUHODWLYDPHQWHDKRUiULRVTXHKDYLDPVLGRDFRUGDGRVRXFRPRRIHQVLYDDGHFLVmRGHVH
GHVSHGLUSHUDQWHRIHUWDVGHWUDEDOKRPDLVEHPUHPXQHUDGDVHPRXWUDVFDVDV
7UDEDOKDU QD FDVD GH RXWUDV SHVVRDV SRU GLQKHLUR OHYDQWD PXLWRV GHVDILRV LQFOXLQGR R UHVSHLWR SHOD
DSOLFDomR GH OHLV ODERUDLV 2 WUDEDOKR GRPpVWLFR SDJR FRORFD UHVWULo}HV j SULYDFLGDGH GH DPEDV DV SDUWHV
HVSHFLDOPHQWH TXDQGR DOJXpP WUDEDOKD H YLYH QD FDVD GRD HPSUHJDGRUD 1D IDOWD GH JDUDQWLDV FODUDV D
OLEHUGDGHGHVWHDVWUDEDOKDGRUDVSRGHVHUVHULDPHQWHFRQGLFLRQDGDH[DFHUEDQGRRVHXLVRODPHQWRUHODWL
YDPHQWHDSHVVRDVDPLJDVHIDPLOLDUHVLQHUHQWHDHVWHWLSRGHVLWXDo}HVHFRPLPSOLFDo}HVQHJDWLYDVQDVXD
VD~GHHVHJXUDQoD
'RSRQWRGHYLVWDGHTXHPHPSUHJDRGLUHLWRjSULYDFLGDGHGRVPHPEURVGRVHXODUSRGHFROLGLUFRP
RVGLUHLWRVGHTXHPWUDEDOKDTXDQGRVmRUHTXHULGDVYLVLWDVGDLQVSHFomRSDUDYHULILFDUVHDVOHLVODERUDLVHVWmR
DVHUDSOLFDGDV$LQYLRODELOLGDGHGDSULYDFLGDGHGDFDVDpGHIDFWRXPSULQFtSLRSURWHJLGRSHODV&RQVWLWXL
o}HVGHPXLWRVSDtVHVPDVDOJXQVSDtVHVHVWDEHOHFHUDPDUUDQMRVHVSHFLDLVTXHSHUPLWHPVREFRQGLo}HVUHV
WULWDVDLQVSHFomRGHGRPLFtOLRVSULYDGRVTXHFRQVWLWXHPORFDLVGHWUDEDOKR
Trabalho Doméstico: Menos Igual que o Outro Trabalho
1D SUHSDUDomR GR SURFHVVR GH HYHQWXDO HVWDEHOHFLPHQWR GH XPD QRUPD VREUH WUDEDOKR GRPpVWLFR D 2,7
OHYRXDFDERXPDGHWDOKDGDDQiOLVHFRPSDUDWLYDGDOHJLVODomRGHPDLVGH(VWDGRV0HPEURVTXHUHSUHVHQ
.,1*'(-$5',1$PHOLWD:RUNLQJKRXUVLQGRPHVWLFZRUN7UDYDLO¶V3ROLF\EULHIQRSUHOR
9HU 6$1&+(6 6 ³(O WUDEDMR GRPpVWLFR HQ %UDVLO´ LQ 9DOHQ]XHOD 0( HG 7UDEDMDGRUDV 'RPpVWLFDV 8Q ODUJR
FDPLQRKDFLDHOWUDEDMRGHFHQWH6DQWLDJR,/2
9HU67$6,8/,6'%$.$1$1HJRWLDWLQJ&LWL]HQVKLS0LJUDQW:RPHQLQ&DQDGDDQGWKH*OREDO6\VWHP8QLYHUVLW\
'20(67,&:25.(5681,7('$1''$7$&(17(5+RPHLVZKHUHWKHZRUNLV,QVLGH1HZ<RUN¶V'RPHVWLF:RUN
RI7RURQWR3UHVVS7RURQWR
,QGXVWU\-XO\
,/25HSRUW,9'HFHQW:RUNIRU'RPHVWLF:RUNHUV,/&WKVHVVLRQSS
'$620%5$3$5$$/8=275$%$/+2'20e67,&2($2,7
WDPPDLVGHGDSRSXODomRPXQGLDO$SHVDUGRQtYHOGHLQFOXVmRRXH[FOXVmRYDULDUHQWUHSDtVHVWRGRV
SDUWLOKDPXPDFDUDFWHUtVWLFDFRPXPGHVLJXDOGDGHGHWUDWDPHQWRGHVWHWLSRGHWUDEDOKDGRUDVUHODWLYDPHQWH
DRjVGHPDLV'LWRLVWRpWDPEpPLPSRUWDQWHUHFRQKHFHUTXHDOJXPDUHJXODPHQWDomRHVSHFtILFDHLQRYDGR
UDWHPVXUJLGRRXHVWiHPSUHSDUDomRHPDOJXQVSDtVHVSURSRUFLRQDQGRXPDIRQWHYDOLRVDGHLQVSLUDomRSDUD
OHJLVODo}HVQDFLRQDLVHPRXWURVSDtVHV1DVSUy[LPDVSiJLQDVH[DPLQDUHPRVGXDViUHDVRQGHDGHILQLomRGH
SROtWLFDVpHVSHFLDOPHQWHUHOHYDQWHSDUDRWUDEDOKRGRPpVWLFRDVD~GHHVHJXUDQoDQRWUDEDOKRHFRQFLOLDomR
IDPtOLDWUDEDOKRHDSURWHFomRGDPDWHUQLGDGH
6D~GHH6HJXUDQoDQR7UDEDOKR
$QtYHOPXQGLDOXPDGDViUHDVGDOHJLVODomRODERUDOQDTXDODH[FOXVmRGRWUDEDOKRGRPpVWLFRpPDLVJULWDQ
WHpDGDVHJXUDQoDHVD~GHQRWUDEDOKR,VWRpFRQVLVWHQWHFRPDVLGHLDVGHVHJXUDQoDHFRQIRUWRWLSLFDPHQWH
DVVRFLDGDVFRPRWUDEDOKRGHQWURGHXPDFDVDHFRPDGLILFXOGDGHHPSHUFHSFLRQDUDFDVDFRPRXPORFDOGH
WUDEDOKR'DGRTXHRWUDEDOKRGRPpVWLFRHVWiQRUPDOPHQWHUHODFLRQDGRFRPDFWLYLGDGHVFRUUHQWHVTXHRFRU
UHPQDHVIHUDIDPLOLDUDFDEDSRUVHUHUUDGDPHQWHYLVWRFRPRVHJXUR 1RHQWDQWRRVULVFRVGHDFLGHQWHVGH
WUDEDOKRVmRVLJQLILFDWLYRVHYDULDGRVHDJUDYDPVHFRPDIDWLJDUHVXOWDQWHGHORQJDVKRUDVGHWUDEDOKR2
WUDEDOKRGRPpVWLFRLQFOXLWLSLFDPHQWHPRYLPHQWRVUHSHWLWLYRVWDLVFRPRGREUDUVHSDUDDSDQKDURXOHYDQWDU
REMHFWRVSHVDGRVHPSXUUDUFDGHLUDVGH URGDVWUDEDOKDUFRPWHPSHUDWXUDVDOWDVFR]LQKDUHSDVVDUDIHUUR
FRPREMHFWRVDJXoDGRVIDFDVPDQXVHDQGRSURGXWRVGHOLPSH]DSRWHQFLDOPHQWHWy[LFRVXVDQGRDSOLFDo}HV
HOpFWULFDV GHILFLHQWHV WUDEDOKDQGR FRP HTXLSDPHQWRV RX IHUUDPHQWDV LQDGHTXDGDV H[SRQGRVH GH IRUPD
SURORQJDGDDRSyHGHVHPSHQKDQGRWDUHIDVHPRFLRQDOPHQWHH[LJHQWHVFRPRFXLGDUGHFULDQoDVSRUWDGRUDVGH
GHILFLrQFLD8PHVWXGRGHVHQYROYLGRHP6DOYDGRU%UDVLOGHWHFWRXGLIHUHQoDVHVWDWtVWLFDVVLJQLILFDWLYDVHQWUH
WUDEDOKR GRPpVWLFR H RXWUDV RFXSDo}HV UHODWLYDPHQWH D DFLGHQWHV GH WUDEDOKR QmRIDWDLV 1R SULPHLUR FDVR
YHULILFRXVHXPDPDLRULQFLGrQFLDDQXDOHDSHVDUGHPHWDGHGRVDFLGHQWHVQmRVHWUDGX]LUHPHPLQFDSDFLGD
GHV GH ORQJR SUD]R GRDV WUDEDOKDGRUDVGRPpVWLFRDVLQTXLULGRDV UHODWDUDP QmR WHU SRGLGR
UHJUHVVDUDRWUDEDOKRDQWHVGHWHUHPSDVVDGRGXDVVHPDQDV
$SHVDUGRVIDFWRUHV GH ULVFR SRGHUHP VHU VHPHOKDQWHV DRV TXHIRUDP GRFXPHQWDGRV SDUD RDV TXH
FR]LQKDPOLPSDPHFXLGDPHPORFDLVGHWUDEDOKRTXHQmRFDVDVSULYDGDVDQWHVHPLQVWLWXLo}HVRUJDQL]D
o}HV«DYHUGDGHpTXHRULVFRpPDLRUSDUDRDVWUDEDOKDGRUDVGRPpVWLFRDVXPDYH]TXHQmRFRQWDP
FRPFROHJDVGHWUDEDOKRTXHSRVVDPDFRQVHOKDURXDMXGDUFRPRVSHVRVRXDOLPSDUMDQHODV8PDIRQWHDGL
FLRQDOGHULVFRSRGHHVWDUQRDVSUySULRDVHPSUHJDGRUHDVGHWUDEDOKRGRPpVWLFRXPDYH]TXHSRGHP
QmRHVWDUFRQVFLHQWHVGRVSHULJRVGDVVXDVFDVDVHQTXDQWRORFDLVGHWUDEDOKRGDVIHUUDPHQWDVTXHGHYHPVHU
XVDGDVHFRPRGHYHPVHUPDQXVHDGDVGHIRUPDDSUHYHQLUDFLGHQWHV2XWURSUREOHPDHVWiUHODFLRQDGRFRPR
IDFWR GDV FDVDV QmR HVWDUHP GHVHQKDGDV SDUD FRUUHVSRQGHU jV QRUPDV H H[LJrQFLDV UHODWLYDV j VHJXUDQoD H
VD~GH QR WUDEDOKR PDV DQWHV SDUD DORMDUHP RV PHPEURV GH XPD IDPtOLD H VXDV WUDMHFWyULDV GH YLGD R TXH
H[SOLFDDUD]mRSHODTXDODVFDVDVFRPSRUWDPQRUPDOPHQWHWDQWRVULVFRV2XWUDFRQVLGHUDomRTXHpSUHFLVR
WHU SUHVHQWH GL]UHVSHLWRDR HYHQWXDOFRQIOLWR TXH RS}H RV LQWHUHVVHV GH DPEDVDV SDUWHV (QTXDQWR TXH RV
PHPEURVGHXPDJUHJDGRGHVHMDPSUHVHUYDUDVXDDXWRQRPLDHSULYDFLGDGHRDVWUDEDOKDGRUDVGRPpVWL
FRDVDVSLUDPDPDLRUIXQFLRQDOLGDGHHVHJXUDQoD
$YXOQHUDELOLGDGHDHVWHVULVFRVQmRpLJXDOSDUDWRGRDVRDVWUDEDOKDGRUDVGRPpVWLFRDVHSRGH
VHUPDLRUSDUDPLJUDQWHVHSDUDDVFULDQoDVWUDEDOKDGRUDV2QmRFRQKHFLPHQWRGRVSURGXWRVORFDLVGHOLPSH
]DHGDOtQJXDORFDOSRGHS{UHPULVFRDVD~GH)RUDPUHODWDGRVSUREOHPDVGHHVW{PDJRHUHVSLUDWyULRVDVVR
FLDGRV3DUDMRYHQVWUDEDOKDGRUDVORQJDVHLPSUHYLVtYHLVMRUQDGDVGHWUDEDOKRLPSHGHRVGHGHVFDQVDU
GRUPLUGHFRPSOHWDUDHVFRODULGDGHREULJDWyULDGHHVWXGDUHGHYLVLWDUDVVXDVIDPtOLDVHSHVVRDVDPLJDV
9HU60,7+35³$JLQJDQG&DULQJLQWKH+RPH5HJXODWLQJ3DLG'RPHVWLFLW\LQWKH7ZHQW\)LUVW&HQWXU\´LQ,RZD
6 6$17$1$ 9LOPD HW DO ³(PSUHJR HP VHUYLoRV GRPpVWLFRV H DFLGHQWHV GH WUDEDOKR QmR IDWDLV+RXVHPDLGV DQG QRQIDWDO
$/1$--$5 6 :RPHQ PLJUDQW GRPHVWLF ZRUNHUV LQ %DKUDLQ LQ ,QWHUQDWLRQDO 0LJUDWLRQ 3DSHUV 1R -XQHS /DZ5HYLHZSS±
RFFXSDWLRQDOLQMXULHV´LQ6D~GH3~EOLFD)HEYROQRSS±
,/2*HQHYD
0DQXHOD7RPHL
7RPDU FRQWD GH SHVVRDV IUiJHLV GH XPD IDPtOLD SRGH WRUQDUVH XPD IRQWH FRQVLGHUiYHO GH VWUHVV H
DQVLHGDGHSDUDDVFULDQoDVWUDEDOKDGRUDVFRPFRQVHTXrQFLDVSUHMXGLFLDLVSDUDRVHXGHVHQYROYLPHQWRItVLFR
PHQWDOHSVLFROyJLFR
9LYHUHPFDVDFRQVWLWXLXPRXWURULVFRSDUDRVDVWUDEDOKDGRUDVGRPpVWLFRDVSHORIDFWRGHYLYH
UHPRQGHWUDEDOKDPHGHDIURQWHLUDHQWUHWUDEDOKRHYLGDSULYDGDVHWRUQDUSRXFRFODUDQDDXVrQFLDGHPHGL
GDVGHSURWHFomRDGHTXDGDV$SUR[LPLGDGHHDLQWLPLGDGHHQWUHHPSUHJDGRUHWUDEDOKDGRUDLQHUHQWHVDHVWH
WLSRGHUHODomRGHWUDEDOKRFRPELQDGDVFRPDIUDJLOLGDGHGHPXLWRDVWUDEDOKDGRUDVGRPpVWLFRDVVHMD
SHODVVXDMRYHPLGDGHVHMDSHODHYHQWXDOLGDGHGHXPDVLWXDomRLUUHJXODUWRUQDRDVSUHVDVIiFHLVHYtWLPDV
GH DEXVR H YLROrQFLD QR WUDEDOKR $ SUHVHQoDItVLFDSHUPDQHQWH WRGR RDQR H FRQWtQXD WRGR R GLD SRGH
WDPEpPGHVHQFRUDMDURHPSUHJDGRUDRUJDQL]DURWUDEDOKRGHIRUPDHILFLHQWHHFRQGX]LUDTXHRDWUDEDOKD
GRUDHVWHMDGLVSRQtYHOKRUDVSRUGLDGLDVDRDQR
'HVGHDDGRSomRSHOD2,7GD&RQYHQomRVREUHRWUDEDOKRDGRPLFtOLRHPDXPHQWRXRFRQKHFL
PHQWRDFHUFDGRVULVFRVSDUDDVHJXUDQoDHVD~GHFRPRDVWUDEDOKDGRUDVDGRPLFtOLRHDQHFHVVLGDGHGH
H[LVWLUHPPHFDQLVPRVGHUHJXODomRHPHGLGDVSUiWLFDVGHPHOKRULDGDVD~GHHVHJXUDQoD$2,7FXPSULXD
VXDSDUWHQHVWHSURFHVVRUHJXODUHID]HUFXPSULUDVHJXUDQoDHVD~GHQRWUDEDOKRpQRHQWDQWRXPDTXHV
WmRTXHFRORFDPXLWRVGHVDILRVLQFOXLQGRDGLILFXOGDGHHPFRQVLGHUDUDFDVDFRPRXPORFDOGHWUDEDOKR2V
FXVWRVILQDQFHLURVGDDGDSWDomRGDVFDVDVjVFRQGLo}HVDPELHQWDLVSDUDPLQLPL]DUDRFRUUrQFLDGHDFLGHQWHV
GHWUDEDOKRHDVEDUUHLUDVDGPLQLVWUDWLYDVHOHJDLVUHODWLYDVDRVPHLRVFRQYHQFLRQDLVGHYHULILFDomRGDFRQ
IRUPLGDGHFRPDOHLQRVGRPLFtOLRVVmRDOJXQVGHVVHVGHVDILRV
$VLPSOHVDILUPDomRGHTXHRHPSUHJDGRUWHPDREULJDomRGHSURSRUFLRQDUXPDPELHQWHGHWUDEDOKR
VHJXURVHPDH[LVWrQFLDGHXPTXDGUROHJDOTXHOKHGrVHQWLGRSRGHQmRDMXGDUDXPHQYROYLPHQWRVpULRQD
SUHYHQomRGHDFLGHQWHVTXHVWmRTXHpFHQWUDOQDUHJXODomRGDVD~GHHVHJXUDQoDQRWUDEDOKR
$ SUpYLD LQVSHFomR GRV GRPLFtOLRV SDUD LGHQWLILFDU SRVVtYHLV DFLGHQWHV GH WUDEDOKR FRQGLFLRQDQGR D
FRORFDomRGRDWUDEDOKDGRUDGRPpVWLFRDjHOLPLQDomRRXUHGXomRGHVVHVULVFRVHRDSRLRDRVGRPtFLOLRVTXH
WrPPDLRUHVQHFHVVLGDGHVDWUDYpVGHILQDQFLDPHQWRVS~EOLFRVSDUDID]HUDVDGDSWDo}HVQHFHVViULDVSURYD
UDPVHUPHGLGDVHILFD]HV$GLVSRQLELOL]DomVRGHIRUPDomRDRSHVVRDOGRPpVWLFRSRGHWDPEpPVHU~WLO
7UDEDOKRHIDPtOLDHSURWHFomRGDPDWHUQLGDGH
$SURWHFomRGDPDWHUQLGDGHQRPHDGDPHQWHRDFHVVRDPHGLGDVHjSURWHFomRTXHSRGHJDUDQWLUJUDYLGH]HV
HQDVFLPHQWRVVDXGiYHLVHVHJXURVUHQGLPHQWRVGHVXEVWLWXLomRGXUDQWHDOLFHQoDSRUPDWHUQLGDGHHRGLUHLWR
DUHWRPDURWUDEDOKRDSyVDOLFHQoDpIXQGDPHQWDOSDUDRDVWUDEDOKDGRUDVGRPpVWLFRDVTXHVmRSUH
GRPLQDQWHPHQWHPXOKHUHV
$UHYLVmRFRPSDUDGDGRTXDGUROHJDOOHYDGDDFDERSHOD2,7QRTXDGURGDSUHSDUDomRGDQRYDQRUPD
LQWHUQDFLRQDOVREUHWUDEDOKRGRPpVWLFRSHUPLWLXFRQVWDWDUTXHDPDLRULDGRV(VWDGRV0HPEURVLQFOXHPGH
DOJXPPRGRQRVVLVWHPDVGHSURWHFomRGDPDWHUQLGDGHjVWUDEDOKDGRUDVGRPpVWLFDV1XPFHUWRQ~PHURGH
SDtVHVHVWmRHPFXUVRUHIRUPDVOHJDLVSDUDSURSRUFLRQDUFRPRVXFHGHFRPDVRXWUDVWUDEDOKDGRUDVSURWHF
omRQRHPSUHJRGXUDQWHHLPHGLDWDPHQWHGHSRLVGDJUDYLGH]DVVLPFRPRDOLFHQoDSRUPDWHUQLGDGHSDJDH
WDPEpPDOLFHQoDSRUSDWHUQLGDGHSDUDRWUDEDOKDGRUGRPpVWLFR1RHQWDQWRSRGHPDQWHUVHXPWUDWDPHQWR
PHQRV IDYRUiYHO QR TXH UHVSHLWD j DPDPHQWDomR H DR DFHVVR D PHGLGDV GH FRQFLOLDomR WUDEDOKRIDPtOLD
$SHVDUGDH[LVWrQFLDHPPXLWRVSDtVHVGHOHJLVODomRGHSURWHFomRGDPDWHUQLGDGHDJUDYLGH]PXLWDVYH]HV
GiRULJHPDRGHVSHGLPHQWR1R0p[LFRSRUH[HPSORXPHVWXGRUHYHORXTXHRFXPSULPHQWRGDOHLHUDSDU
9HU.$:$.$0,7HWDO:RUN,PSURYHPHQWIRU6DIH+RPH$FWLRQPDQXDOIRULPSURYLQJVDIHW\KHDOWKDQGZRUNLQJ
9HU60,7+³$JLQJDQG&DULQJLQWKH+RPH5HJXODWLQJ3DLG'RPHVWLFLW\LQWKH7ZHQW\)LUVW&HQWXU\´LQ,RZD/DZ
FRQGLWLRQVRIKRPHZRUNHUV,/2%DQJNRN
5HYLHZSS±
+80$15,*+76:$7&+$EXVHVDJDLQVW)HPDOH0LJUDQW'RPHVWLF:RUNHUVLQ,QGRQHVLDDQG0DOD\VLD
,/25HSRUW,9'HFHQW:RUNIRU'RPHVWLF:RUNHUV,/&WKVHVVLRQSS
/83,&$&³'HVSURWHFFLyQGHODPDWHUQLGDGHQHOWUDEDMRGRPpVWLFRUHPXQHUDGR6yORXQDFXHVWLyQGHOH\"´LQ%ROHWtQGHOD
PDWHUQLGDG1R2FWXEUHGH2EVHUYDWRULRGHOD0DWHUQLGDGSS
'$620%5$3$5$$/8=275$%$/+2'20e67,&2($2,7
WLFXODUPHQWH SUREOHPiWLFR QR FDVR GH JUDYLGH] GDV WUDEDOKDGRUDV GRPpVWLFDV FXMRV UHODWRV GR Q~PHUR GH
GHVSHGLPHQWRVHPUD]mRGDJUDYLGH]pPXLWRHOHYDGRHFRPPDLRULQFLGrQFLDGRTXHQRXWUDVSURILVV}HV
7DPEpPDVTXHVW}HVGDVD~GHHVHJXUDQoDQRWUDEDOKRWrPRXWUDLPSRUWkQFLDTXDQGRVHWUDWDGDJUDYL
GH]GHWUDEDOKDGRUDVGRPpVWLFDV)RLSURYDGRTXHMRUQDGDVORQJDVFRPRpFRPXPQRFDVRGDVWUDEDOKDGR
UDVTXHYLYHPHPFDVDGRVHPSUHJDGRUHVORQJRVSHUtRGRVGHSpHFDUUHJDUREMHFWRVSHVDGRVDXPHQWDPR
ULVFRGHQDVFLPHQWRVSUHPDWXURVHGHEDL[RSHVR
&RPRVHUHIHULXDQWHVH[LVWHPXLWDVYH]HVDH[SHFWDWLYDGHTXHDVWUDEDOKDGRUDVGRPpVWLFDVGHVHPSH
QKHPRSDSHOGH³VXEVWLWXWDVGDVPmHV´HTXHUHQXQFLHPjVXDYLGDSULYDGD0DVDVWUDEDOKDGRUDVGRPpVWL
FDVSRGHPQmRVHUYLVWDVFRPRPmHVRXILOKDVFRPGLUHLWRDYLGDSHVVRDOHIDPLOLDUeDVLWXDomRSDUWLFXODU
GDV WUDEDOKDGRUDV PLJUDQWHV TXH SDUD ID]HUHP R WUDEDOKR GRPpVWLFR GHL[DP SDUD WUiV RV ILOKRV H SHGHP
DSRLRDRVDYyVSDUDWRPDUFRQWDGHOHVRXHPDOWHUQDWLYDFRORFDPQRVHPLQVWLWXLo}HVSDUDFULDQoDV
(VWD TXHVWmR p PXLWR LPSRUWDQWH SRLV UHIHUHVH DRV SDGU}HV PLQtPRV GH FXPSULPHQWR GR KRUiULR GH
WUDEDOKRGHGHVFDQVRGLiULRHVHPDQDOOLFHQoDSDUDVLWXDo}HVGHHPHUJrQFLDHRSHUtRGRGHIpULDVDQXDOSDJR
SDUDSHUPLWLUDRjVWUDEDOKDGRUDVGRPpVWLFRDVFRQFLOLDURWUDEDOKRSDJRFRPDVVXDVUHVSRQVDELOLGDGHV
IDPLOLDUHVHSULYDGDV
Da Invisibilidade ao Reconhecimento e Respeito
7UDEDOKR'RPpVWLFR8PD3UHRFXSDomR$QWLJDGD2,7
2WUDEDOKRGRPpVWLFRWHPVLGRXPDSUHRFXSDomRGD2,7GHVGHPXLWRFHGR/RJRHPD2,7DGRSWRXD
5HVROXomRUHODWLYDjVFRQGLo}HVGHWUDEDOKRGRVWUDEDOKDGRUHVGRPpVWLFRV(PDGRSWRXD5HVROXomR
DSHODQGR DXPD DFomR QRUPDWLYD QHVWD iUHD (P VXUJLX R SULPHLURLQTXpULWRDOJXPD YH] SXEOLFDGR
VREUHDVLWXDomRGRDVWUDEDOKDGRUDVGRPpVWLFRDVQRPXQGR$SHVDUGHGHVWDFDUDVVXEFRQGLo}HVGH
WUDEDOKRGRDVWUDEDOKDGRUDVGRPpVWLFRDVHDVXDYXOQHUDELOLGDGHOHYDQGRRLQTXpULWRDDSHODUj2,7
SDUD TXH YROWDVVHD HQFDUDU HVWD VLWXDomRFRP XUJrQFLD R LQTXpULWR QR HQWDQWR VXVWHQWDYD DLGHLDGH TXH
FRP R SDVVDU GR WHPSR R WUDEDOKR GRPpVWLFR HVWDYD GHVWLQDGR D SHUGHU LPSRUWkQFLD $ PHOKRULD GDV
FRQGLo}HV GH YLGD H R SURJUHVVR WHFQROyJLFR WRUQDQGR R WUDEDOKR GRPpVWLFR QmR SDJR PHQRV SHVDGR H
GHPRUDGRSRGHWHUFRQWULEXtGRSDUDHVWDFRQFOXVmR$KLVWyULDSURYRXTXHWDOQmRFRUUHVSRQGHULDjYHUGDGH
(VWLPDWLYDVPDLVFRQVHUYDGRUDVLQGLFDPTXHDFWXDOPHQWHRQ~PHURGHWUDEDOKDGRUHVDVGRPpVWLFRDV
VHUmRFHUFDGHPLOK}HVPDVDVHYLGrQFLDVGLVSRQtYHLVVXJHUHPTXHRWUDEDOKRGRPpVWLFRFUHVFHUiQR
IXWXUR GDGD D SUHVVmR GDV PXGDQoDV GHPRJUiILFDV H VRFLHWDLV R DXPHQWR GDV GHVLJXDOGDGHV GH
UHPXQHUDomRGHORFDLVGHWUDEDOKRQmRDPLJRVGDIDPtOLDHGHSROtWLFDVS~EOLFDVLQDGHTXDGDV
2LQWHUHVVHSHORWUDEDOKRGRPpVWLFRUHVVXUJLXQDDJHQGDGD2,7QRVDQRVGHQRFRQWH[WRGRVHX
(67$'2681,'260(;,&$126,QLFLDWLYDFRQSUR\HFWRGH'HFUHWRTXHUHIRUPD\DGLFLRQDGLYHUVDVGLVSRVLFLRQHV
202.+2',21 )2 HW DO ³3DLG ZRUN GRPHVWLF ZRUN DQG RWKHU GHWHUPLQDQWV RI SUHJQDQF\ RXWFRPH LQ ,EDGDQ
67()21, & ³0LJUDFLyQ JpQHUR \ VHUYLFLR GRPpVWLFR 0XMHUHV SHUXDQDV HQ &KLOH´ LQ 9$/(1=8(/$ 0( 025$ 9
(VWD 5HVROXomR SHGH DR &RQVHOKR GH$GPLQLVWUDomR TXH FRQVLGHUH QHFHVViULR ³FRORFDU QD DJHQGD GH XPD SUy[LPD VHVVmR GD
GHOD/H\)HGHUDOGHOWUDEDMRUHODWLYDDODVWUDEDMDGRUDV\ORV7UDEDMDGRUHVGHO+RJDU
VRXWKZHVW1LJHULD´LQ,QW-*\QHFRO2EVWHWGRLMLMJR
HGV³7UDEDMRGRPpVWLFRXQODUJRFDPLQRKDFLDHOWUDEDMRGHFHQWH´SSS,/26DQWLDJR
&RQIHUrQFLD WRGD D TXHVWmR TXH HQYROYH R HVWDWXWR H HPSUHJR GRDV WUDEDOKDGRUHDV GRPpVWLFRDV³ ,/2 5HFRUG RI
3URFHHGLQJV,/&VW6HVVLRQ$SSHQGL[;9,,,5HVROXWLRQVDGRSWHGE\WKH&RQIHUHQFHSS$QWHVHP$
&RQIHUrQFLDDERUGRXDTXHVWmRGRWUDEDOKRGRPpVWLFRWHQGRHPYLVWDDVXDSRVVtYHOLQFOXVmRQD&RQYHQomRVREUHIpULDVSDJDV
,/25HFRUGRI3URFHHGLQJV,/&WK6HVVLRQ$SSHQGL[;9,5HVROXWLRQVDGRSWHGE\WKH&RQIHUHQFHS(PD
&RQIHUrQFLDDGRSWRXXPDUHVROXomRUHODWLYDjSURWHFomRGHPHQRUHVHQYROYLGRVFRPRWUDEDOKRGRPpVWLFR
$ &RQIHUrQFLD FRQVLGHURX XUJHQWH SURSRUFLRQDU D SURWHFomR PLQtPD DRjV WUDEDOKDGRUHDV GRPpVWLFRDV DVVHJXUDQGR
FRQGLo}HVPtQLPDVGHYLGDFRPSDWtYHLVFRPDVXDDXWRHVWLPDHGLJLQLGDGHIXQGDPHQWDLVQRVHQWLGRGDMXVWLoDVRFLDOSHORTXH
FRORFRXQDDJHQGDGD&RQIHUrQFLD,/25HFRUGRI3URFHHGLQJV,/& WK6HVVLRQ$SSHQGL[;,,5HVROXWLRQVDGRSWHGE\
WKH&RQIHUHQFHSS
,/27KH(PSOR\PHQWDQGFRQGLWLRQVRI'RPHVWLF:RUNHUVLQSULYDWHKRXVHKROGV'%BBHQJO
,/2*%0DUFKS
0DQXHOD7RPHL
WUDEDOKRGXUDQWHHGHSRLVGDHUDGRDSDUWKHLGQDÈIULFDGR6XO
1HVVD DOWXUD D 2,7 IRFDYDVH QD H[WHQVmR GDV OHLV GR WUDEDOKR H GH FREHUWXUD GD VHJXUDQoD VRFLDO
GRDVWUDEDOKDGRUHDVGRPpVWLFRDVWUDEDOKDGRUDVDJUtFRODVHGRVHFWRUS~EOLFR
'HVGHHQWmRRWUDEDOKRGD2,7DPSOLRXVHSDUDDEUDQJHUDVTXHVW}HVGRWUDEDOKRGRPpVWLFRQRXWURV
SDtVHVHUHJL}HVHFHQWURXVHQRWUDEDOKRLQIDQWLOWUDEDOKRIRUoDGRLJXDOGDGHGHJpQHURHQmRGLVFULPLQDomR
HGLUHLWRVGRVPLJUDQWHV$FDPSDQKDTXHD2,7GHVHQYROYHXHPPHDGRVGDGpFDGDGHSDUDSURPRYHUD
UDWLILFDomRGDV&RQYHQo}HVIXQGDPHQWDLVHRVHXVHJXLPHQWRDWpjVXEVHTXHQWHDGRSomRHPGD'HFOD
UDomRIRUDPIXQGDPHQWDLVSDUDWRUQDUPDLVFODURHVWHWLSRGHWUDEDOKRHRVHXVLJQLILFDGRSDUDSDtVHVGHUHQ
GLPHQWRV EDL[RV PpGLRV H DOWRV )LFDUDP FODUDV DV PXGDQoDV QR SHUILO GRDV WUDEDOKDGRUDV GRPpVWL
FRDVGRVHPSUHJDGRUHVHDGDYDULHGDGHGHFRQWUDWRVDJHQWHVGHUHFUXWDPHQWRHSURFHVVRV2WUDEDOKRGD
2,7UHODWLYRDRWUDEDOKRLQIDQWLOWHYHRPpULWRHQWUHRXWURVGHPRVWUDUTXHRWUDEDOKRGRPpVWLFRSRGHVHU
SHULJRVRHQmRVHJXURHVSHFLDOPHQWHSDUDDVFULDQoDVWUDEDOKDGRUDVGRPpVWLFDVFRQWUDULDQGRGHVWHPRGRR
PLWRGHTXHDFDVDpXPORFDOGHWUDEDOKRVHPSHULJRV 7DPEpPFRQWULEXLXSDUDGHVWDFDUDHILFiFLDGDV
HQWLGDGHVUHVSRQViYHLVSHORFXPSULPHQWRGDOHLDWUDYpVGDFULDomRGHQRYRVHQmRFRQYHQFLRQDLVPHFDQLV
PRVRXGDUHHVWUXWXUDomRGDVDJrQFLDVH[LVWHQWHV2WUDEDOKRGD2,7SDUDSURPRYHUDLJXDOGDGHGHJpQHUR
WHP VLGR FUXFLDO PRVWUDQGR TXH D UHYDORUL]DomR GR YDORU HFRQyPLFR H VRFLDO GR WUDEDOKR GRPpVWLFR GHYH
UHVXOWDUQDFRPELQDomRGHUHIRUPDVOHJDLVFRPFDPSDQKDVGHVHQVLELOL]DomRHDRUJDQL]DomRGRDVWUDED
OKDGRUDVGRPpVWLFRDV
$$JHQGDGR7UDEDOKR'LJQR8P3RQWRGH9LUDJHP
$ GHFLVmR HP GH LQLFLDU R SURFHVVR QRUPDWLYR UHODWLYR DR WUDEDOKR GLJQR SDUD R WUDEDOKR GRPpVWLFR
FRQILUPDDYRQWDGHGDDJHQGDGRWUDEDOKRGLJQRGD2,7GHLQFOXLUHVWHDVWUDEDOKDGRUDVQDSURWHFomR
RIHUHFLGD SHODV QRUPDV LQWHUQDFLRQDLV GR WUDEDOKR 2 WUDEDOKR GLJQR SDUD WRGRV VLJQLILFD UHFRQKHFHU TXH
RDVWUDEDOKDGRUDVGRPpVWLFRDVVmRYHUGDGHLURDVWUDEDOKDGRUDVTXHDFDVDpXPORFDOGHWUDEDOKR
HJDQKDUFRQVFLrQFLDTXDQWRjQDWXUH]DSHVVRDOGRWUDEDOKRUHDILUPDQGRDRPHVPRWHPSRDVXDFRPSDWLELOL
GDGHFRPXPDUHODomRGHWUDEDOKR2WUDEDOKRGRPpVWLFRGHYHVHUWUDWDGRFRPRXP³WUDEDOKRFRPRRXWUR
TXDOTXHUHWUDEDOKRFRPRQHQKXPRXWUR´
$SUHRFXSDomRGD2,7FRPRWUDEDOKRDWtSLFRDOWDPHQWHIHPLQL]DGRHSUHFiULRWHYHLQtFLRQRVILQDLV
GDGpFDGDGHSULQFtSLRGDGHHFXOPLQRXFRPDDGRSomRGD&RQYHQomRVREUHR7UDEDOKRD7HPSR
3DUFLDO1žHGD&RQYHQomRVREUHR7UDEDOKRD'RPLFtOLR1žDPEDVUHFRQKHFHQGR
DV PXGDQoDV H DQDWXUH]DGH JpQHUR GDUHODomR GHWUDEDOKR QD HFRQRPLD JOREDOL]DGD (VWDV GXDV QRUPDV
LQWHUQDFLRQDLV PDUFDP XPD DOWHUDomR UHODWLYDPHQWH DRV SULPHLURV LQVWUXPHQWRV LQWHUQDFLRQDLV IRUWHPHQWH
LQIOXHQFLDGRVSHORPRGHORPDVFXOLQRGRVXVWHQWRGDIDPtOLDPDOHEUHDGZLQQHUPRGHO1HVWHPRGHORHVWD
YDPRVSHUDQWHXPWUDEDOKDGRUFRPUHVSRQVDELOLGDGHVIDPLOLDUHVSULQFLSDOVXVWHQWRGDIDPtOLDTXHWUDEDOKD
YD WRGR R DQR FRP XP KRUiULR GH WUDEDOKR UHJXODU FRP XP FRQWUDWR SRU WHPSR LQGHWHUPLQDGR H SDUD XP
~QLFRHPSUHJDGRUQXPDIiEULFDRXQXPHVFULWyULRRXDLQGDQXPRXWURORFDOGHWUDEDOKRFRQYHQFLRQDO8PD
RXWUDGLIHUHQoDVLJQLILFDWLYDUHODWLYDPHQWHDXPWUDGLFLRQDOHQIRTXHQDUHODomRGHWUDEDOKRVWDQGDUWSRGHVHU
HQFRQWUDGDFRPRpUHIHULGDQD&RQYHQomR1žDTXDOSHODSULPHLUDYH]UHIHUHDFDVDFRPRXPORFDOGH
,/2 5HFRUGV RI SURFHHGLQJV ,QWHUQDWLRQDO /DERXU &RQIHUHQFH (LJKWLHWK VHVVLRQ *HQHYD S
KWWSZZZLORRUJSXEOLFOLEGRFLOR3
,/23UHYHQWLRQDQG(OLPLQDWLRQRI([SORLWDWLYH&KLOG'RPHVWLF:RUNWKURXJK(GXFDWLRQDQG7UDLQLQJLQ1LFDUDJXDDQG
+RQGXUDV$SULO-DQXDU\,/2*HQHYD
,/2&RPEDWLQJ&KLOG/DERXULQWKH'RPHVWLF:RUN6HFWRULQ(DVW$VLD,/2*HQHYD
%/$&.(77$³3URPRWLQJGRPHVWLFZRUNHUV¶KXPDQGLJQLW\WKURXJKVSHFLILFUHJXODWLRQ´LQ)$95(&+$028;$
HG³'RPHVWLFZRUNDVDIDFWRURI(XURSHDQLGHQWLW\ 8QGHUVWDQGLQJWKHJOREDOL]DWLRQRIGRPHVWLFZRUN´WKVWFHQWXULHV
%HUQ(GLWLRQVVFLHQWLILTXHVHXURSpHQQHV
926.+2/)³*HQGHU3UHFDULRXVZRUNDQGWKH,QWHUQDWLRQDO/DERXU&RGHWKH*KRVWLQWKH,/2&ORVHW´LQ-)XGJH
DQG52ZQHVHGV3UHFDULRXV:RUN:RPHQDQGWKH1HZ(FRQRP\7KHFKDOOHQJHWR/HJDO1RUPVSSSS2[IRUG
DQG3RUWODQG2UHJRQ
'$620%5$3$5$$/8=275$%$/+2'20e67,&2($2,7
WUDEDOKR VXMHLWR jLQVSHFomR GR WUDEDOKR HD RXWUDVIRUPDV GH UHJXODomR ODERUDO DODUJDQGR GHVWH PRGR DV
IURQWHLUDVGRORFDOGHWUDEDOKRSDUDDOpPGRTXHHUDFRQYHQFLRQDO
$GHFLVmRGD2,7GHDGRSWDUXPDQRUPDVREUHWUDEDOKRGLJQRSDUDRWUDEDOKRGRPpVWLFRFRQILUPDR
FRPSURPLVVRGD2UJDQL]DomRHPWRUQDUDSURWHFomRVRFLDOXPDUHDOLGDGHSDUDRWUDEDOKRLQIRUPDOHSURPR
YHUDVXDJUDGXDOWUDQVLomRSDUDDGLJQLGDGHHIRUPDOLGDGHHPFRQVRQkQFLDFRPDUHVROXomRHFRQFOXV}HV
UHODWLYDVDRWUDEDOKRGLJQRHDHFRQRPLDLQIRUPDODGRSWDGDSHOD&RQIHUrQFLD,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKRHP
$R GHEUXoDUVH VREUH DV YXOQHUDELOLGDGHV GRDV WUDEDOKDGRUDV GRPpVWLFRDV PLJUDQWHV QRPHD
GDPHQWHDWUDYpVGHUHVWULo}HVDSLRUHVIRUPDVGHPLJUDomRODERUDOHVSHUDVHTXHHVWDQRUPDFRQWULEXDSDUD
XPDJOREDOL]DomRMXVWDHSDUDTXHVHMDGDGDDGHYLGDDWHQomRj5HVROXomRGD2,7UHODWLYDDXPFRPSURPLV
VRHTXLWDWLYRSDUDRDVWUDEDOKDGRUDVPLJUDQWHVQXPDHFRQRPLDJOREDOHDR4XDGUR0XOWLODWHUDOGD2,7
VREUH0LJUDomR/DERUDO
3DUDXPDQRYDQRUPDLQWHUQDFLRQDOGRWUDEDOKRVREUHWUDEDOKRGLJQRSDUDRWUDEDOKRGRPpVWLFR
8PLQVWUXPHQWRLQWHUQDFLRQDOVREUHWUDEDOKRGRPpVWLFRSHUPLWHDODUJDUDLQGDPDLVDVIURQWHLUDVGDVLPDJHQV
FRQYHQFLRQDLVGRORFDOGHWUDEDOKRHGHWUDEDOKRUHFRQKHFHQGRTXHRWUDEDOKRGDFDVDHRWUDEDOKRHPRFLR
QDOGDSUHVWDomRGHFXLGDGRVpWUDEDOKRHFRPRWDOGHYHPVHUGLJQRVHUHVSHLWDGRVGHYHQGRVHUREMHFWRGH
WUDWDPHQWRLJXDODRXWURVWLSRVGHWUDEDOKR2WUDEDOKRGRPpVWLFRSURSRUFLRQDj2,7DRSRUWXQLGDGHGHRIH
UHFHU DVVLVWrQFLDWpFQLFD HOHJDO H D SURPRYHU XPD UHFROKD VLVWHPiWLFD HVXVWHQWDGD GH GDGRV HVWDWtVWLFRV H
RXWUDLQIRUPDomRUHOHYDQWHVREUHDDLQGDLQYLVLYHOJUDQGHHFUHVFHQWHIRUoDGHWUDEDOKRTXHHVWiDFWXDOPHQ
WHVXEUHJXODGDHPWHUPRVGHFRQGLo}HVGHWUDEDOKR
8PLPSRUWDQWHREMHFWLYRDDOFDQoDUFRPHVWHQRYRLQVWUXPHQWRVHUiDUHDILUPDomRGDSURWHFomRTXHR
WUDEDOKRGRPpVWLFRMiJR]DQDVQRUPDVH[LVWHQWHVDRPHVQRWHPSRTXHFODULILFDHFRQVLGHUDDVLPSOLFDo}HV
GHVWDVQRUPDVSDUDHVWHWLSRGHWUDEDOKDGRUDV$PDLVYDOLDGHTXDOTXHUQRYDQRUPDLQWHUQDFLRQDOWUDGX]
VHQDFDSDFLGDGHGHSURSRUFLRQDURULHQWDomRFODUDHFRQYHUJHQWHVREUHRPRGRGHSURPRYHURWUDEDOKRGLJ
QRSDUDXPGHWHUPLQDGRJUXSRGHWUDEDOKDGRUDVTXHWUDEDOKDHPFDVDVSDUWLFXODUHVPDQWpPXPUHODFLR
QDPHQWRSUy[LPRFRPRVVHXVHPSUHJDGRUHVHHVWiPXLWDVYH]HVWRWDORXSDUFLDOPHQWHH[FOXtGRDGDOHJLVOD
omRQDFLRQDOGHUHJLPHVGHVHJXUDQoDVRFLDOHGDOHJLVODomRVREUHVD~GHHVHJXUDQoDQRWUDEDOKR7HUHP
FRQWDDVVXEFRQGLo}HVGHWUDEDOKRFRQGX]DRUHFRQKHFLPHQWRGHTXHRDVWUDEDOKDGRUDVGRPpVWLFRDV
WrPGLUHLWRDLJXDOGDGHGHRSRUWXQLGDGHVHGHWUDWDPHQWRWDOFRPRRDVRXWURDVWUDEDOKDGRUDVHQDO
JXQVFDVRVDXPWUDWDPHQWRGLIHUHQWHRXHVSHFtILFRQXQFDPHQRVIDYRUiYHOVHWDOIRUQHFHVViULRSDUDJDUDQ
WLUDLJXDOGDGHQDSUiWLFD
3URPRYHU D LJXDOGDGH GH WUDWDPHQWR SDUD RDV WUDEDOKDGRUDV GRPpVWLFRDV UHTXHU HQWUH RXWUDV
FRLVDVRGHVHQYROYLPHQWRGHPHGLGDVHVSHFLDLVSDUDSURWHJHUDTXHOHDVWUDEDOKDGRUDVTXHHPUD]mRGD
VXDLGDGHFULDQoDVRXQDFLRQDOLGDGHRXHVWDGRFLYLOSRGHPHVWDUH[SRVWRDVDPDLVULVFRVGRTXHRXWUD
FDWHJRULDGHWUDEDOKDGRUDV
2VDFWXDLVWH[WRVGHSURSRVWDGH&RQYHQomRHGHSURSRVWDGH5HFRPHQGDomRFRPRHVWmRQRUHODWyULR
³D]XO´ LQFOXLHPXPQ~PHURGHSURYLV}HVGLULJLGDVjVFULDQoDVWUDEDOKDGRUDVGRPpVWLFDVFRPLGDGHPtQLPD
SDUDDGPLVVmRDRHPSUHJRDFLPDHFRPPHQRVGHDQRVFRPRREMHFWLYRGHSURLELUWRWDOPHQWHRXGHOLPL
WDUGHWHUPLQDGDVWDUHIDVWDLVFRPRFDUUHJDUREMHFWRVSHVDGRVRXWUDEDOKDUjQRLWHXPDYH]TXHSRGHPSUHMX
GLFDU R GHVHQYROYLPHQWR ItVLFR H LQWHOHFWXDO GHVWHDV WUDEDOKDGRUDV RX GHWHUPLQDGDV UHVSRQVDELOLGDGHV
WDLVFRPRWRPDU FRQWDGHPHPEURVGDIDPtOLDPDLVIUiJHLVGDGDDVXDH[LJrQFLD ItVLFDHSVLFROyJLFD8P
RXWURJUXSRTXHUHTXHUHVSHFLDODWHQomRFRPRVHUHIHUHDWUiVpRFDVRGRDWUDEDOKDGRUDTXHYLYHHPFDVD
3DUWLOKDURHVSDoRRQGHYLYHQDDXVrQFLDGHJDUDQWLDVWRUQDFDGDPRPHQWRGDVXDYLGDLQFOXVLYHTXDQGRH
FRPRFRPHHGRUPHVXMHLWRjLQIOXrQFLDGRHPSUHJDGRU
$VYHUV}HVSUHOLPLQDUHVGRVLQVWUXPHQWRVWrPHPFRQWDDVFLUFXQVWkQFLDVHVSHFtILFDVGHVWHDVWUD
EDOKDGRUDVGHGLIHUHQWHVPRGRVQRPHDGDPHQWHDWUDYpVGHVROLFLWDomRDRV(VWDGRV0HPEURVTXHWRPHP
9HU,/25HSRUW%'HFHQWZRUNIRUGRPHVWLFZRUNHUV,/&WKVHVVLRQ*HQHYD
9HU,/25HSRUW%'HFHQWZRUNIRUGRPHVWLFZRUNHUV,/&WKVHVVLRQ*HQHYD
0DQXHOD7RPHL
PHGLGDVFRPYLVWDDSURWHJHUDFRQILGHQFLDOLGDGHGHGDGRVSHVVRDLVRXDSURWHJHURDVWUDEDOKDGRUDVGD
YLROrQFLD RX GH LQWHUPLQiYHLV GLDV GH WUDEDOKR RX DLQGD D LQIRUPiORDV GH IRUPD GHWDOKDGD DFHUFD GRV
UHTXLVLWRVPtQLPRVHPUHODomRDRDORMDPHQWR8PDORMDPHQWRDGHTXDGRGHVLJQDGDPHQWHXPTXDUWRDXWy
QRPRFRPFKDYHpQDYHUGDGHXPDFRQGLomRIXQGDPHQWDOSDUDJDUDQWLUTXHRDVWUDEDOKDGRUDVGRPpVWL
FRDVSRGHPGHVFDQVDUGRWUDEDOKRQRVVHXVSHUtRGRVGHUHSRXVRHjQRLWH7DPEpPDMXGDDUHGX]LUDYXO
QHUDELOLGDGHjYLROrQFLDVH[XDOHRXWUDVIRUPDVGHYLROrQFLD7UDEDOKRGLJQRSDUDRWUDEDOKRGRPpVWLFRWDP
EpPH[LJHXPDDFomRDUWLFXODGDDRVGLIHUHQWHVQtYHLVGHJRYHUQDomRHRHQYROYLPHQWRGHLQVWLWXLo}HVPXLWR
GLIHUHQWHV
2WUDEDOKRGRPpVWLFRpVLPXOWDQHDPHQWHXPIHQyPHQRSURIXQGDPHQWHORFDOL]DGRHJOREDOeOHYDGRD
FDERHPFDVDVGHWHUFHLURVORQJHGDYLVWDHHPVLWXDomRGHLVRODPHQWR$RPHVPRWHPSRPLOK}HVGHPXOKH
UHVQRPXQGRPLJUDPSDUDRXWURVSDtVHVGHL[DQGRSDUDWUiVDVVXDVIDPtOLDVSDUDUHDOL]DUHPWDUHIDVGRPpVWL
FDVQRXWUDVFDVDVHSDUDWRPDUFRQWDGHFULDQoDVRXGHSHVVRDVLGRVDVGHRXWUDVIDPtOLDV,VWRVLJQLILFDTXH
XPDOHJLVODomRDGHTXDGDHHIHFWLYDUHTXHUDDGRSomRGHXPDFRPELQDomRGH PHGLGDVTXHSRGHPLUGHVGH
SRU H[HPSOR DFRUGRV ELODWHUDLV TXH YLVHP SUHYHQLU H WUDWDU GH DEXVRV SRU SDUWH GDV DJrQFLDV GH HPSUHJR
HQYROYLGDV QD PLJUDomR ODERUDO WUDQVQDFLRQDO QRV SDtVHV GH RULJHP H GH GHVWLQR DWp DR HVWDEHOHFLPHQWR
SHORVJRYHUQRVGHFDVDVVHJXUDVSDUDRDVWUDEDOKDGRUDVGRPpVWLFRDVTXHVmRYtWLPDVGHDEXVRRXj
DGRSomR GH UHJXODPHQWDomR PXQLFLSDO TXH HVWDEHOHoD XPD SODWDIRUPD DWUDYpV GD TXDO DV DVVRFLDo}HV GH
WUDEDOKDGRUDVGRPpVWLFRDVHVHXVHPSUHJDGRUHVVHSRVVDPUHXQLU
7DOFRPRpUHFRQKHFLGRSHORVFRQVWLWXLQWHVGD2,7HSHOR%,7%XUHDX,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKRp
LPSRUWDQWHTXHHVWHQRYDQRUPDLQWHUQDFLRQDOQmRVHMDFRPSOH[DRXGHVQHFHVVDULDPHQWHGHWDOKDGD&ODUH]DH
VLPSOLFLGDGHDVVLPFRPRXPFHUWRQtYHOGHIOH[LELOLGDGHHPUHODomRjVXDLPSOHPHQWDomRVmRHVVHQFLDLVVH
VHSUHWHQGHXPLQVWUXPHQWRHIHFWLYRQRDYDQoRGDPHOKRULDGDVFRQGLo}HVGHWUDEDOKRHGHYLGDGRDVWUD
EDOKDGRUDVGRPpVWLFRDV
8P OHJDGR GH H[FOXVmR OHJDO H VRFLHWDO H GH LQGLIHUHQoD QmR p VXSHUDGR GD QRLWH SDUD R GLD 8PD
LPSOHPHQWDomR VLJQLILFDWLYD GD QRYD QRUPD VREUH WUDEDOKR GRPpVWLFR UHTXHU LPDJLQDomR HLQRYDomR OHJDO
FRPSURPLVVRSROtWLFRHDSRLRGDVSROtWLFDVS~EOLFDVLQFOXVLYHVREDIRUPDGHLQFHQWLYRVHRULHQWDomRSUiWLFD
HVXILFLHQWHDWUDYpVGDLGHQWLILFDomRGRFXPHQWDomRHGLVVHPLQDomRGHERDVSUiWLFDV2DFWXDOWH[WRSUHOL
PLQDUGD&RQYHQomRSRUH[HPSORDLQGDTXHH[LMDDRV(VWDGRV0HPEURVTXHWRPHPPHGLGDVSDUDDVVHJXUDU
DDSOLFDomRGHVLVWHPDVGHVHJXUDQoDVRFLDOSDUDRWUDEDOKRGRPpVWLFRSUHYrTXHFHUWDVPHGLGDVSRVVDPVHU
DGRSWDGDV SURJUHVVLYDPHQWH HQTXDQWR TXH R WH[WR SUHOLPLQDU GD 5HFRPHQGDomR FRQYLGD RV (VWDGRV
0HPEURVDFRQVLGHUDUPHLRVSDUDIDFLOLWDURSDJDPHQWRGDVHJXUDQoDVRFLDOLQFOXLQGRQRFDVRGHWUDEDOKD
GRUDV GRPpVWLFRDV TXH WUDEDOKHP SDUD YiULRV HPSUHJDGRUHV DWUDYpV GH XP VLVWHPD VLPSOLILFDGR GH
SDJDPHQWR
6XVWHQWDGDQXPQRYRLQVWUXPHQWRLQWHUQDFLRQDOD2,7SRGHDSRLDURV(VWDGRV0HPEURVQDREWHQomR
GHXPDOHJLVODomRDGHTXDGDjUHDOLGDGHQDFLRQDO2HQIRTXHGHYHVHUFRORFDGRQXPDUHJXODPHQWDomRHVSHFt
ILFD TXH UHFRQKHoD H UHVSHLWH RV GLUHLWRV GRDV WUDEDOKDGRUDV GRPpVWLFRDVHQTXDQWR WUDEDOKDGRUHV $
UHJXODPHQWDomRHVSHFtILFDpGHPXLWDVIRUPDVGRGRPtQLRGRVOHJLVODGRUHVQDFLRQDLVHGRVDFWRUHVGDQHJR
FLDomRFROHFWLYDTXHHVWmRPDLVSUy[LPRVGDVFRQGLo}HVH[LVWHQWHVHPFDGDFRQWH[WRHHVWmRPDLVDSWRVD
UHJXODU H FRPSUHHQGHU HVVH FRQWH[WR $ DVVLVWrQFLD WpFQLFD GD 2,7 VHUi SDUWLFXODUPHQWH LPSRUWDQWH SDUD
DSRLDURV0HPEURVDUHDOL]DUHPUHIRUPDVOHJLVODWLYDVTXHQmRHVWmRFRQILQDGDVDRGRPtQLRGDVWUDGLFLRQDLV
UHODo}HVGHWUDEDOKRFXMRORFDOGHWUDEDOKRpDIiEULFDRXRHVFULWyULR2$VWUDEDOKDGRUDVGRPpVWLFRDV
HVWmR DEUDQJLGRDV SHOD QRUPD FRPR TXDOTXHU RXWURDV WUDEDOKDGRUDV PDV DV QRUPDV JDQKDP VHQWLGR
DWUDYpVGDVXDDSOLFDomRFRQFUHWD2XWURREMHFWLYRGDFRRSHUDomRWpFQLFDFRQVLVWLUiQDDVVLVWrQFLDGD2,7DRV
0HPEURVDWUDYpVGHLQIRUPDomRVREUHH[SHULrQFLDVFRPSDUDGDVGHFRPRUHGLJLUOHJLVODomRGHIRUPDFODUD
SDUDDVVHJXUDUTXHRDVWUDEDOKDGRUDVGRPpVWLFRDVSRGHPFRPSUHHQGHURVVHXVGLUHLWRVHRVHPSUHJD
GRUHVSRGHPHIHFWLYDPHQWHUHVSHLWiORV
,/25HSRUW,9'HFHQW:RUNIRU'RPHVWLF:RUNHUV,/&WKVHVVLRQS
Uma Recuperação da Crise que Atenda à
Situação das Mulheres!
%XUHDXSDUDD,JXDOGDGHGH*pQHUR2,7
Resumo | 2 'LD ,QWHUQDFLRQDO GD 0XOKHU HP p DVVLQDODGR VRE ROHPD D UHFXSHUDomR GDFULVHGHYH
LQFOXLUDVPXOKHUHV6HJXQGRD2,7DVSROtWLFDVGHUHFXSHUDomRDDGRSWDUGHYHPLQFOXLUPHGLGDVLQRYDGRUDV
GHVWLQDGDVjFULDomRGHWUDEDOKRGLJQRGHIRUPDDJDUDQWLUTXHDVPXOKHUHV±DSDUFRPRVKRPHQV±SRVVDP
GHVIUXWDUGRDFHVVRDXPDPHOKRUHGXFDomRHIRUPDomRHPFRQGLo}HVGHLJXDOGDGH
Abstract | “Making the crisis recovery work for women!” 7KH ,QWHUQDWLRQDO :RPHQ¶V 'D\ LV
PDUNHGXQGHUWKHWKHPHRIFULVLVUHFRYHU\VKRXOGLQFOXGHZRPHQ$FFRUGLQJWRWKH,/2WKHUHFRYHU\PHD
VXUHVVKRXOGVHHNLQQRYDWLYHZD\VWRFUHDWHGHFHQWZRUNWRHQVXUHWKDWZRPHQ±DORQJVLGHZLWKPHQKDYH
HTXDODFFHVVWREHWWHUHGXFDWLRQDQGWUDLQLQJOHDGLQJWRMREV
BBBBBBBBBB
$2,7($,*8$/'$'('(*e1(5212081'2'275$%$/+2&DGHUQRV6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRQžSS
80$5(&83(5$d­2'$&5,6(48($7(1'$¬6,78$d­2'$608/+(5(6
A Crise: Enormes Assimetrias Regionais
$UHFHQWHFULVHHFRQyPLFDWHYHXPLPSDFWRPXLWRVLJQLILFDWLYRVREUHDSRSXODomRWUDEDOKDGRUDWHQGRDIHF
WDGR JUDYHPHQWH WUDEDOKDGRUHV H WUDEDOKDGRUDV e QHFHVViULR TXH DV SROtWLFDV GH UHFXSHUDomR D DGRSWDU
LQFOXDPPHGLGDVLQRYDGRUDVGHVWLQDGDVjFULDomRGHWUDEDOKRGLJQRGHIRUPDDJDUDQWLUTXHDVPXOKHUHV±D
SDU FRP RV KRPHQV ± SRVVDP GHVIUXWDU GR DFHVVR D XPD PHOKRU HGXFDomR H IRUPDomR HP FRQGLo}HV GH
LJXDOGDGHTXHOKHVSHUPLWDPRDFHVVRDRPHUFDGRGHWUDEDOKR'HDFRUGRFRPD&RPLVVmRGDV1Do}HV8QL
GDV VREUH R (VWDWXWR GD 0XOKHU DV PXOKHUHV GHYHUmR GHVIUXWDU GH RSRUWXQLGDGHV LJXDLV jV GLVSRQtYHLV DRV
KRPHQVQRTXHUHVSHLWDDRDFHVVRDFDUUHLUDVFLHQWtILFDVHWHFQROyJLFDVjPHGLGDTXHVHREVHUYDDHPHUJrQ
FLDGHQRYDVSURILVV}HVHVHUHFXSHUDPHPSUHJRV1RVSDtVHVGHVHQYROYLGRVHGHUHQGLPHQWRLQWHUPpGLRD
WD[D PpGLD GH GHVHPSUHJR GDV PXOKHUHV HUD DQWHV GD FULVH VXSHULRU j GRV KRPHQV &RQWXGR D SHUGD GH
HPSUHJRVHPVHFWRUHVWUDGLFLRQDOPHQWHGRPLQDGRVSRUKRPHQVWDLVFRPRDFRQVWUXomRHDLQG~VWULDWUDQV
IRUPDGRUDWHYHPDLRULPSDFWRVREUHDWD[DGHGHVHPSUHJRPDVFXOLQD'HDFRUGRFRPRVGDGRVGD2,7UHOD
WLYRVD³7HQGrQFLDV*OREDLVGH(PSUHJR´DVWD[DVGHGHVHPSUHJRREVHUYDGDVHPHUDPGH
SDUDRVKRPHQVHGHSDUDDVPXOKHUHV
(P WHUPRV JOREDLV R Q~PHUR GH WUDEDOKDGRUHVDV SREUHV DXPHQWRX PDLV PLOK}HV GR TXH VHULD
H[SHFWiYHOFRPEDVHQDVWHQGrQFLDVDQWHULRUHVjFULVH±WHQGRDGLVWULEXLomRSRUVH[RGR³HPSUHJRYXOQHUi
YHO´ HP GHPRQVWUDGR TXH GRV KRPHQV H GDV PXOKHUHV HQIUHQWDYDP R GHVDILR GH VH
HQFRQWUDUHPHPFLUFXQVWkQFLDVSUHFiULDVHQTXDQWRWUDEDOKDGRUHVDVQmRUHPXQHUDGRVDVGRVDJUHJDGRVIDPL
OLDUHV RX WUDEDOKDGRUHV SRU FRQWD SUySULD e REVHUYDGD XPD VHJUHJDomR yEYLD GDV PXOKHUHV HP VHFWRUHV
JHUDOPHQWHFDUDFWHUL]DGRVSRUVDOiULRVEDL[RVKRUiULRVSURORQJDGRVHIUHTXHQWHPHQWHUHJLPHVLQIRUPDLV
Mulheres mais Pobres mais Penalizadas
(PERUDDFULVHHFRQyPLFDWHQKDWLGRRULJHPQRVSDtVHVGHVHQYROYLGRVIRUDPRVJUXSRVPDLVHPSREUHFLGRV
HYXOQHUiYHLVGRVSDtVHVHPYLDVGHGHVHQYROYLPHQWRSDUWLFXODUPHQWHDVPXOKHUHVTXHVRIUHUDPRVPDLRUHV
LPSDFWRV
3DUDDOpPGRVDXPHQWRVUHFHQWHVQRSUHoRGRVSURGXWRVDOLPHQWDUHVDFULVHWHYHJUDYHVFRQVHTXrQFLDV
SDUDDVPXOKHUHVQRVSDtVHVSREUHVDVVLPFRPRSDUDRVVHXVILOKRV$TXHGDGDVWD[DVGHFUHVFLPHQWRHP
SDtVHV FRP HOHYDGDV WD[DV GH PRUWDOLGDGH LQIDQWLO HRX QtYHLV UHGX]LGRV GH HVFRODULGDGH SDUD DV PXOKHUHV
GHL[DUDPHVWDV~OWLPDVH[WUHPDPHQWHYXOQHUiYHLVDRVHIHLWRVGDFULVH$VLWXDomRGDVPXOKHUHVpDLQGDPDLV
SUHFiULD QR VXEJUXSR GH SDtVHV FXMRV UHFXUVRV ILVFDLV VmR OLPLWDGRV XPD YH] TXH WDO VLWXDomR UHVWULQJH D
FDSDFLGDGHGRVJRYHUQRVHPUHGX]LURVHIHLWRVQHJDWLYRVGDFULVH
Políticas de Recuperação – Serão todas as Medidas Eficazes para as Mulheres?
$OJXPDVPHGLGDVGHDXVWHULGDGHFRPRDVUHIHULGDVDEDL[RSRGHUmRDIHFWDUQHJDWLYDPHQWHDVLWXDomRILQDQ
FHLUDGDVPXOKHUHVHVSHFLDOPHQWHGDVTXHVHHQFRQWUDPHPVLWXDo}HVPDLVYXOQHUiYHLV
&RUWHVHPHPSUHJRVQDIXQomRS~EOLFDHQDDWULEXLomRGHIXQGRVDRUJDQL]Do}HVGHVROLGDULHGDGHXPD
YH]TXHDVPXOKHUHVVHHQFRQWUDPPDLVUHSUHVHQWDGDVQHVWHVVHFWRUHV
%XUHDXSDUDD,JXDOGDGHGH*pQHUR2,7
&RUWHVQDSURWHFomRVRFLDOWDLVFRPRVXEVtGLRVGHDVVLVWrQFLDHLQIUDHVWUXWXUDVGHDSRLRjLQIkQFLDTXH
DIHFWDPPmHVVROWHLUDVHPXOKHUHVTXHDXIHUHPUHQGLPHQWRVEDL[RV
&RUWHVHPUHJLPHVGHSHQV}HVILQDQFLDGRVDWUDYpVGHUHFHLWDVILVFDLV&RPHIHLWRRVUHJLPHVGHSHQ
V}HVILQDQFLDGRVDWUDYpVGHFRQWULEXLo}HVIDYRUHFHPRVDVWUDEDOKDGRUHVDVLQWHJUDGRVDVQDHFRQRPLD
IRUPDO FRP YiULRV DQRV GH VHUYLoR UHQGLPHQWRV HOHYDGRV H VHP LQWHUUXSo}HV GH FDUUHLUD FULWpULRV
HVVHVTXHH[FOXHPXPJUDQGHQ~PHURGHPXOKHUHV
2V JRYHUQRV TXH WLQKDP LPSOHPHQWDGR VLVWHPDV GH SURWHFomR VRFLDO DQWHULRUPHQWH j FULVH WrP WLGR PDLRU
FDSDFLGDGH GH OLGDU FRP RV HIHLWRV QHJDWLYRV GD PHVPD 1HVWHV SDtVHV R LPSDFWR GD FULVH QRV DJUHJDGRV
IDPLOLDUHVHDTXHGDGDSURFXUDDJUHJDGDIRUDPDPRUWHFLGRV2VVLVWHPDVGHVHJXUDQoDVRFLDOQmRVHGHVWL
QDP DSHQDV D SURVVHJXLU QHFHVVLGDGHV VRFLDLV FRQVWLWXLQGR WDPEpP XPD QHFHVVLGDGH HFRQyPLFD 0DLV GR
TXHQXQFDDUHFXSHUDomRGDFULVHHVWiDHYLGHQFLDURIDFWRGHTXHDVHJXUDQoDVRFLDOFRQVWLWXLXPDFRQGLomR
HVVHQFLDOSDUDRFUHVFLPHQWRHQmRXPIDUGRSDUDDVRFLHGDGH
Recomendações da OIT relativamente a uma Recuperação que Inclua as Mulheres
$5HVROXomRGD&RQIHUrQFLD,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKRGHUHODWLYDjLJXDOGDGHGHJpQHURQRFRUDomR
GRWUDEDOKRGLJQRVDOLHQWRXTXH³DDFWXDOFULVHHVWiDWHUHIHLWRVJUDYHVFRPHPSUHVDVDIHFKDUHWUDEDOKD
GRUHVDSHUGHURVVHXVHPSUHJRV$VSROtWLFDVGHUHFXSHUDomRDGRSWDGDVGXUDQWHRVSHUtRGRVGHFULVHHFR
QyPLFDQHFHVVLWDPGHWHUHPFRQWDRLPSDFWRVREUHKRPHQVHPXOKHUHVHLQWHJUDUDVTXHVW}HVGDLJXDOGDGH
GHJpQHURHPWRGDVDVPHGLGDVDDGRSWDUHVWDVGHYHUmRVHUFRQVLVWHQWHVFRPRVREMHFWLYRVGHGHVHQYROYL
PHQWRHFRQyPLFRVRFLDOHDPELHQWDOVXVWHQWiYHODORQJRSUD]RQRVTXDLVVHLQFOXLDLJXDOGDGHGHJpQHUR
0XOKHUHVHKRPHQVGHYHUmRHVWDULJXDOPHQWHUHSUHVHQWDGRVHPWRGDVDVGLVFXVV}HVUHODWLYDVDSROtWLFDVGH
UHFXSHUDomRTXHUQRTXHVHUHIHUHjUHVSHFWLYDFRQFHSomRTXHUjDYDOLDomRGRVVHXVr[LWRV´
23DFWR*OREDOSDUDR(PSUHJRDGRSWDGRSHORV(VWDGRV0HPEURVGD2,7WDPEpPHPHVWDEH
OHFHTXH³DDFWXDOFULVHGHYHUiVHUHQFDUDGDFRPRXPDRSRUWXQLGDGHSDUDJHUDUQRYDVUHVSRVWDVSROtWLFDV
QRkPELWRGDLJXDOGDGHGHJpQHUR
9iULRV JRYHUQRV DGRSWDUDP Mi PHGLGDV GH DXVWHULGDGH IDYRUiYHLV jV PXOKHUHV 7DLV SROtWLFDV IRUDP
LPSOHPHQWDGDVSRUGRVSDtVHVFRPUHQGLPHQWRVPDLVHOHYDGRVRTXHUHVXOWRXQXPDXPHQWRGRHPSUH
JRSDUDDVPXOKHUHV(QWUHDVPHGLGDVDGRSWDGDVDSURPRomRGDHGXFDomRHIRUPDomRDVVLPFRPRRDFHVVR
DFDUUHLUDVHPFLrQFLDHWHFQRORJLDSRUPXOKHUHVHUDSDULJDVJDQKDPFDGDYH]PDLRUDGHVmRXPDYH]TXH
SRGHPDXPHQWDURDFHVVRHPFRQGLo}HVGHLJXDOGDGHGDVPXOKHUHVDXPHPSUHJRDWHPSRFRPSOHWRHD
XPWUDEDOKRGLJQR(LVXPDOLVWDLQGLFDWLYDGHWDLVPHGLGDV
5HFRQYHUVmRIRUPDomRHSURWHFomRFRQWUDRGHVHPSUHJRVXEVtGLRVGHGHVHPSUHJRHPHGLGDVGHVWLQD
GDVjVPXOKHUHVWUDEDOKDGRUDV&KLOH6LQJDSXUD&RUHLD
,QLFLDWLYDVGHVWLQDGDVDHQFRUDMDURUHJUHVVRGDVPXOKHUHVDRWUDEDOKRDSyVDOLFHQoDSRUPDWHUQLGDGHH
DHQFRUDMDURVKRPHQVDGHVIUXWDUGDOLFHQoD SRUSDWHUQLGDGHDVVLPFRPRLQIUDHVWUXWXUDVGHDSRLRj
LQIkQFLDPDLVDFHVVtYHLV&DQDGi/HWyQLD+XQJULD-DSmR(VSDQKD3RUWXJDO
4XRWDV GH HPSUHJR SDUD PXOKHUHV DWUDYpV GH SURJUDPDV GLULJLGRV DRV DJUHJDGRV IDPLOLDUHV PDLV
SREUHVËQGLD
0HGLGDVSDUDGHVHQFRUDMDUDLQDFWLYLGDGHGRVDVWUDEDOKDGRUHVDVGHEDL[RVUHQGLPHQWRVLQFHQWLYDQ
GRRVDVDWUDYpVGHHVWtPXORVILVFDLVDSHUPDQHFHUQRPHUFDGRGHWUDEDOKR(8$
(VTXHPDVGHUHGXomRHSDUWLOKDGRWHPSRGHWUDEDOKRTXHLQFOXHPWUDEDOKDGRUHVFRPFRQWUDWRVUHJXOD
UHVRTXHSHUPLWHUHGX]LURQ~PHURGHKRUDVGHWUDEDOKRGHWRGRVDVRVWUDEDOKDGRUHVHWUDEDOKDGRUDV
GXUDQWHXPGHWHUPLQDGRSHUtRGRHYLWDQGRRVGHVSHGLPHQWRV-DSmR$OHPDQKD
3URJUDPDV GH WUDQVIHUrQFLD GH IXQGRV SDUD DJUHJDGRV IDPLOLDUHV SREUHV &KLOH 0p[LFR $UJHQWLQD
%UDVLO
0LFURFUpGLWR&DPERMD
3URJUDPDV3~EOLFRVGH(PSUHJRËQGLD4XpQLD1HSDO
80$5(&83(5$d­2'$&5,6(48($7(1'$¬6,78$d­2'$608/+(5(6
5HFRQYHUVmRSURILVVLRQDOGHSHVVRDVGHVHPSUHJDGDVHPQRYDViUHDVFRPYLVWDjHOLPLQDomRGHHVWH
UHyWLSRVGHJpQHURHVSHFLDOPHQWHSDUDWUDEDOKDGRUHVDVFRPUHVSRQVDELOLGDGHVIDPLOLDUHV0DOWD3RU
WXJDO
0DQXWHQomRDXPHQWR GRV VDOiULRV PtQLPRV DWHQGHQGHQGR j GHVLJXDOGDGH VDODULDO XPD YH] TXH RV
VDOiULRVGDVPXOKHUHVVmRLQIHULRUHVDRVGRVKRPHQV0DLRUSDUWHGRVSDtVHVGD8QLmR(XURSHLD
$ LJXDOGDGH GH JpQHUR H R HPSRGHUDPHQWR HFRQyPLFR GDV PXOKHUHVFRQVWLWXHP FRQGLo}HV HVVHQFLDLVSDUD
XPGHVHQYROYLPHQWRHILFD]HVXVWHQWiYHODVVLPFRPRSDUDDSURPRomRGHXPDHFRQRPLDFRPYLWDOLGDGHe
LPSRUWDQWHUHFRQKHFHUDFRQWULEXLomRtPSDUGDVPXOKHUHVQDUHFXSHUDomRGDFULVHHFRQyPLFD$VVLPpIXQ
GDPHQWDOLQFOXLODVQRGLiORJRVRFLDOHQRVSURFHVVRVGHGHFLVmR$VSROtWLFDVGHUHFXSHUDomRQHFHVVLWDPGH
XPDIRUWHUHSUHVHQWDomRGHDPERVPXOKHUHVHKRPHQVGHIRUPDDPLWLJDUHSUHYHQLUIXWXUDVGHVLJXDOGDGHV
&RS\ULJKWOIT
'HOHJDGRVHGHOHJDGDVj  &RQIHUrQFLD,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKR
:DVKLQJWRQ(VWDGRV8QLGRVGD$PpULFD
Pesquisa Bibliográfica Temática
%LEOLRJUDILDVHOHFWLYD
A OIT E A IGUALDADE DE GÉNERO NO MUNDO
DO TRABALHO
Publicações OIT (em língua portuguesa)
$%&GRVGLUHLWRVGDV0XOKHUHVWUDEDOKDGRUDVHLJXDO
GDGHGHJpQHUR
HG/LVERD%,7
,6%1±±
$LJXDOGDGHGHJpQHURQRFRUDomRGRWUDEDOKRGLJQR
GR]HWHPDVVREUHRWUDEDOKRGLJQR>EURFKXUD@
/LVERD2,7&'520
:HE
KWWSZZZLORRUJSXEOLFSRUWXJXHUHJLRQHXUSUROLVE
RQKWPOJHQHEUDBFDPSBLJXDOBJHQHURKWP
0DWHUQLGDGH6HJXUDHR0XQGRGR7UDEDOKR
/LVERD*(3±0766S
,6%1
:HE
KWWSZZZLORRUJSXEOLFSRUWXJXHUHJLRQHXUSUROLVER
QSGISXEBPDWHUQLGDGHSGI
,JXDOGDGHQR7UDEDOKRHQIUHQWDURVGHVDILRV
/LVERD 2,7 /LVERD &16,'$ H 615,3' ±
S
,6%1
:HE
KWWSZZZLORRUJSXEOLFSRUWXJXHUHJLRQHXUSUROLVER
QSGILJXDOGDGHBSGI
,QWHJUDomR GH JrQHUR QDV Do}HV FRQWUD R WUDEDOKR
LQIDQWLO
$QLWD$PRULP&ROOLQ3LSUHOO8QD0XUUD\
*HQHEUD,3(&±%,7S
,6%1
BBBBBBBBBB
:HE
KWWSZZZLORRUJSXEOLFSRUWXJXHUHJLRQHXUSUROLVER
QSGISXEBJHQGHUSGI
Publicações OIT $VVHVVLQJ WKH (QDEOLQJ (QYLURQPHQW IRU :RPHQ LQ
*URZWK(QWHUSULVHV
*HQHYD :RPHQ¶V (QWUHSUHQHXUVKLS 'HYHORSPHQW
3URJUDPPH%,7S
,6%1
:HEKWWSZZZLORRUJZFPVSJURXSVSXEOLF
HGBHPS
HPSBHQWGRFXPHQWVSXEOLFDWLRQZFPVBSGI
%UHDN *HQGHU 6WHUHRW\SHV *LYH 7DOHQW D &KDQFH
7RRONLW IRU 60( $GYLVRUV DQG +XPDQ 5HVRXUFH 0DQ
DJHPHQW
(XURSHDQ&RPPXQLWLHVH,7&,/2±S
,6%1
:HE
KWWSZZZEXVLQHVVDQGJHQGHUHXHQFRXQWULHVLHWRRON
LWHQ
%UHDNLQJ 7KURXJK WKH *ODVV&HLOLQJ :RPHQ LQ 0DQ
DJHPHQW
/LQGD:LUWK
*HQHYD%XUHDXIRU*HQGHU(TXDOLW\8SGDWH
S
:HE
KWWSZZZLORRUJG\QJHQGHUGRFV5(6I
$2,7($,*8$/'$'('(*e1(5212081'2'275$%$/+2&DGHUQRV6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRQžSS
&DGHUQRV6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRQž
%XVLQHVV *URXS )RUPDWLRQ (PSRZHULQJ :RPHQ DQG
0HQLQGHYHORSLQJ&RPPXQLWLHV7UDLQHU¶V0DQXDO
(YD0DMXULQ
6XEUHJLRQDO2IILFHIRU(DVW$VLD%DQJNRN,/2
S
,6%1
:HEKWWSZZZLORRUJZFPVSJURXSVSXEOLF
HGBHPS
HPSBHQWGRFXPHQWVSXEOLFDWLRQZFPVBSGI
%XLOGLQJ :RPHQ¶V (QWUHSUHQHXUV¶ $VVRFLDWLRQV &D
SDFLW\ %XLOGLQJ *XLGH:RPHQ¶V (QWUHSUHQHXUVKLS 'H
YHORSPHQW3URJUDPPH*HQHYD,7&,/2S
:HE
KWWSZZZLORRUJZFPVSJURXSVSXEOLF
HGBHPS
HPSBHQWGRFXPHQWVSXEOLFDWLRQZFPVBSGI
)$0266HUYLFH4XDOLW\&KHFNIRU6XSSRUWLQJ)HPDOH
DQG0DOH2SHUDWHG6PDOO(QWHUSULVHV
*HQHYD %,7 :RPHQ¶V (QWUHSUHQHXUVKLS 'HYHORS
PHQW3URJUDPPH±S
:HE
KWWSZZZLORLQWSXEOLFHQJOLVKUHJLRQDISUROXVDNDG
RZQORDGWFZHGJHWUDLQLQJWRROVIDPRVIDFWVKHHWSGI
)LQDQFLDO (GXFDWLRQ 7UDLQHU¶V 0DQXDO :RPHQ¶V
(QWUHSUHQHXUVKLS'HYHORSPHQW
3URJUDPPH
&DPERGLD ,/2 :RPHQ¶V (QWUHSUHQHXUVKLS 'HYHORS
PHQW3URJUDPPH±S
:HEKWWSZZZLORRUJZFPVSJURXSVSXEOLF
DVLDUR
EDQJNRNGRFXPHQWVSXEOLFDWLRQZFPVBSGI
*HQGHU(TXDOLW\$*XLGHWR&ROOHFWLYH%DUJDLQLQJ
*HQHYD%XUHDXIRU:RUNHUV¶$FWLYLWLHV±S
:HEKWWSZZZLORRUJZFPVSJURXSVSXEOLF
HGBGLDORJXH
DFWUDYGRFXPHQWVSXEOLFDWLRQZFPVBSGI
*HQGHU(TXDOLW\DQG'HFHQW:RUN*RRG3UDFWLFHVDW
WKH:RUNSODFH
*HQHYD%,7*(1'(5±S
,6%1;
:HE
KWWSZZZLORRUJG\QJHQGHUGRFV5(6)
*HQGHU(TXDOLW\DQG'HFHQW:RUN6HOHFWHG,/2&RQ
YHQWLRQV DQG 5HFRPPHQGDWLRQV 3URPRWLQJ *HQGHU
(TXDOLW\
*HQHYD%XUHDXIRU*HQGHU(TXDOLW\S
,6%1
:HE
KWWSZZZLORRUJZFPVSJURXSVSXEOLF#HGBQRUP
#QRUPHVGRFXPHQWVSXEOLFDWLRQZFPVBSGI
*(7$+($'IRU:RPHQLQ(QWHUSULVH7UDLQLQJ3DFN
DJHDQG5HVRXUFH.LW
6XVDQQH%DXHU*HUU\)LQQHJDQDQG1HOLHQ+DVSHOV
*HQHYD :RPHQ¶V (QWUHSUHQHXUVKLS 'HYHORSPHQW
3URJUDPPHUHSULQWHGLQ
,6%1
:HE
KWWSZZZLORRUJZFPVSJURXSVSXEOLF
HGBHPS
HPSBHQWGRFXPHQWVSXEOLFDWLRQZFPVBSGI
*RRG3UDFWLFHVLQSURPRWLQJ*HQGHU(TXDOLW\LQ,/2
WHFKQLFDOFRRSHUDWLRQSURMHFWV
*HQHYD%,7*(1'(5±S
,6%1
:HE
KWWSZZZLORRUJSXEOLFOLEGRFLOR%BBH
QJOSGI
*XLGHOLQHV RQ *HQGHU LQ (PSOR\PHQW 3ROLFLHV ,QIRU
PDWLRQ5HVRXUFH%RRN
6ULDQL$PHUDWXQJD.ULQJ0DU\.DZDU
*HQHYD%,7(PSOR\PHQW3ROLF\'HSDUWPHQW ±
S
,6%1
:HE
KWWSZZZLORRUJZFPVSJURXSVSXEOLF
HGBHPSGRFXPHQWVLQVWUXFWLRQDOPDWHULDOZFPVB
SGI
*XLGHOLQHVRQWKH)RUPDWLRQRI6HOIKHOS*URXSV±)RU
IDPLOLHVRI:RUNLQJ&KLOGUHQ
&DPERGLD ,/2 :RPHQ¶V (QWUHSUHQHXUVKLS 'HYHORS
PHQW3URJUDPPHS
:HEKWWSZZZLORRUJZFPVSJURXSVSXEOLF
DVLDUR
EDQJNRNGRFXPHQWVSXEOLFDWLRQZFPVBSGI
+,9$,'6 DQG ZRUN JOREDO HVWLPDWHV LPSDFW DQG
UHVSRQVH
*HQHYD %,7 3URJUDPPH RQ +,9$,'6 DQG WKH
:RUOGRI:RUN±S
,6%1
:HE
KWWSZZZLORRUJSXEOLFOLEGRFLOR%B
BHQJOSGI
,/23DUWLFLSDWRU\*HQGHU$XGLW$7RROIRU2UJDQL]D
WLRQDO&KDQJH
*HQHYD%,7±S
,6%1
:HE
KWWSZZZLORRUJG\QJHQGHUGRFV5(6)
ZHEJHQGHUPDQXDOSGI
,QWHJUDWHG5XUDO$FFHVVLELOLW\3ODQQLQJ7KLUG7HFKQL
FDO0HHWLQJ%DQJNRN0DUFK
*HQHYD 5HJLRQDO 2IILFH IRU $VLD DQG WKH 3DFLILF
(PSOR\PHQW,QWHQVLYH,QYHVWPHQW3URJUDPPH
S
:HE
KWWSZZZLORRUJSXEOLFHQJOLVKHPSOR\PHQWUHFRQHL
LSGRZQORDGUDWSUDWSSGI
/HDGHUVKLS 7UDLQLQJ 0DQXDO IRU :RPHQ /HDGHUV RI
&RRSHUDWLYHV
,QGLD%,7±S
,6%1
:HEKWWSZZZLORRUJZFPVSJURXSVSXEOLF
DVLDUREDQJNRNVUR
QHZBGHOKLGRFXPHQWVSXEOLFDWLRQZFPVBSGI
0DLQVWUHDPLQJ*HQGHU$Q$QQRWDWHG%LEOLRJUDSK\RI
6HOHFWHG ,/2 7RROV IRU 0DLQVWUHDPLQJ *HQGHU LQ WKH
:RUOGRI:RUN
*HQHYD%XUHDXIRU*HQGHU(TXDOLW\
:HE
KWWSZZZLORRUJG\QJHQGHUGRFV5(6)
$QQRWDWHGELEOLRJUDSK\RI,/2WRR
OVIRUJHQGHUPSGI
0DNLQJ WKH 6WURQJHVW /LQNV $ 3UDFWLFDO *XLGH WR
0DLQVWUHDP *HQGHU $QDO\VLV LQ 9DOXH &KDLQ 'HYHO
RSPHQW
/LQGD0D\RX[*UDQLD0DFNLH
$GGLV$EDED%,7
,6%1
:HE
KWWSZZZLORRUJZFPVSJURXSVSXEOLF
HGBHPS
HPSBHQWGRFXPHQWVLQVWUXFWLRQDOPDWHULDOZFPVB
SGI
3(648,6$%,%/,2*5È),&$7(0È7,&$
0DQDJLQJ 6PDOO %XVLQHVV $VVRFLDWLRQV $ 7UDLQHU¶V
0DQXDO
(PSOR\PHQW WKURXJK 6PDOO (QWHUSULVH 'HYHORSPHQW
8QLW
*HQHYD%,7S
:HE
KWWSZZZLORRUJZFPVSJURXSVSXEOLF
HGBHPS
HPSBHQWGRFXPHQWVLQVWUXFWLRQDOPDWHULDOZFPVB
SGI
0RGXODU 3DFNDJH RQ *HQGHU 3RYHUW\ DQG (PSOR\
PHQW5HDGHU¶V.LW>&'520@
*HQHYD%,7
,6%1
:HE
KWWSZZZLORRUJJOREDOSXEOLFDWLRQVLOR
ERRNVWRUHRUGHU
RQOLQHERRNV:&06B38%/BB(1ODQJ
HQLQGH[KWP
$ 3URILOH RI ,/2 0XOWLELODWHUDO 'RQRUV¶ 3ROLFLHV RQ
*HQGHU(TXDOLW\
*HQHYD%,7*(1'(5±S
:HE
KWWSZZZLORRUJG\QJHQGHUGRFV5(6)
'RQRUSURILOHVSGI
&RS\ULJKW OIT
&DGD0HPEURGHYHUi >@DVVHJXUDUDDSOLFDomRDWRGRVRVWUDEDOKDGRUHVGRSULQFtSLR
GHLJXDOGDGHGHUHPXQHUDomRHQWUHDPmRGHREUDPDVFXOLQDHDPmRGHREUDIHPLQLQD
SRUXPWUDEDOKRGHLJXDOYDORU H[FHUWRGD&RQYHQomRQž VHPGDWD
Normas Internacionais do Trabalho
Convenção n.º 100
5elativa à igualdade de remuneração entre a mão-de-obra masculina e a mão-de-obra feminina em trabalho de igual valor
$&RQIHUrQFLD*HUDOGD2UJDQL]DomR,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKRFRQYRFDGDHP*HQHEUDSHORFRQVHOKRGHDGPL
QLVWUDomRGD5HSDUWLomR,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKRRQGHVHUHXQLXDGH-XQKRGHHPVXDWULJpVLPDTXDUWD
VHVVmR GHSRLV GH WHU GHFLGLGR DGRSWDU GLYHUVDV SURSRVWDV UHODWLYDV DR SULQFtSLR GD LJXDOGDGH GH UHPXQHUDomR
HQWUH D PmRGHREUD PDVFXOLQD H D PmRGHREUD IHPLQLQD HP WUDEDOKR GH LJXDO YDORU DVVXQWR TXH FRQVWLWXL R
VpWLPRSRQWRGDRUGHPGRGLDGDVHVVmRGHSRLVGHWHUGHFLGLGRTXHHVVDVSURSRVWDVWRPDULDPDIRUPDGHXPD
FRQYHQomR LQWHUQDFLRQDO DGRSWD QHVWH GLD GH -XQKR GH D FRQYHQomR TXH VHJXH TXH VH GHQRPLQDUi
&RQYHQomRVREUHDLJXDOGDGHGHUHPXQHUDomR
Artigo 1.º
3DUDRVILQVGDSUHVHQWHFRQYHQomR
D2WHUPR³UHPXQHUDomR´DEUDQJHRVDOiULRRXRYHQFLPHQWRRUGLQiULRGHEDVHRXPtQLPRHWRGDVDVRXWUDV
UHJDOLDVSDJDVGLUHFWDRXLQGLUHFWDPHQWHHPGLQKHLURRXHPQDWXUH]DSHORSDWUmRDRWUDEDOKDGRUHPUD]mRGR
HPSUHJRGHVWH~OWLPR
E $ H[SUHVVmR ³LJXDOGDGH GH UHPXQHUDomR HQWUH D PmRGHREUD PDVFXOLQD H D PmRGHREUD IHPLQLQD SRU XP
WUDEDOKRGHLJXDOYDORU´UHIHUHVHjVWDEHODVGHUHPXQHUDomRIL[DGDVVHPGLVFULPLQDomRIXQGDGDQRVH[R
Artigo 2.º
&DGD0HPEURGHYHUiSHORVPHLRVDGDSWDGRVDRVPpWRGRVHPYLJRUSDUDDIL[DomRGDVWDEHODVGHUHPXQHUD
omRHQFRUDMDUHQDPHGLGDHPTXHWDOpFRPSDWtYHOFRPRVUHIHULGRVPpWRGRVDVVHJXUDUDDSOLFDomRDWRGRVRV
WUDEDOKDGRUHVGRSULQFtSLRGHLJXDOGDGHGHUHPXQHUDomRHQWUHDPmRGHREUDPDVFXOLQDHDPmRGHREUDIHPLQL
QDSRUXPWUDEDOKRGHLJXDOYDORU
(VWHSULQFtSLRSRGHUiVHUDSOLFDGRSRUTXDOTXHUGRVVHJXLQWHVPHLRV
D 'DOHJLVODomRQDFLRQDO
E 'HWRGRRVLVWHPDGHIL[DomRGDUHPXQHUDomRHVWDEHOHFLGRRXUHFRQKHFLGRSHODOHJLVODomR
BBBBBBBBBB
$2,7($,*8$/'$'('(*e1(5212081'2'275$%$/+2&DGHUQRV6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRQžSS
&DGHUQRV6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRQž
F 'HFRQYHQo}HVFROHFWLYDVQHJRFLDGDVHQWUHSDWU}HVHWUDEDOKDGRUHV
G 'HXPDFRPELQDomRGRVPHLRVDFLPDPHQFLRQDGRV
Artigo 3.º
4XDQGRWDLVPHGLGDVIRUHPGHQDWXUH]DDIDFLOLWDUDDSOLFDomRGDSUHVHQWHFRQYHQomRVHUmRWRPDGDVSURYL
GrQFLDVSDUDHQFRUDMDUDDYDOLDomRREMHFWLYDGRVHPSUHJRVVREUHDEDVHGRVWUDEDOKRVTXHFRPSRUWDP
2VPpWRGRVDVHJXLUSDUDHVWDDYDOLDomRSRGHUmRVHUREMHFWRGHGHFLV}HVTXHUSRUSDUWHGDVDXWRULGDGHVFRP
SHWHQWHVQRTXHUHVSHLWDjIL[DomRGDVWDEHODVGHUHPXQHUDomRTXHUVHDVWDEHODVGHUHPXQHUDomRIRUHPIL[DGDV
HPYLUWXGHGHFRQYHQo}HVFROHFWLYDVSRUSDUWHGRVFRQWUDHQWHVGDVUHIHULGDVFRQYHQo}HV
$V GLIHUHQoDV HQWUH DV WDEHODV GH UHPXQHUDomR TXH FRUUHVSRQGDP VHP FRQVLGHUDomR GH VH[R jV GLIHUHQoDV
UHVXOWDQWHVGHXPDWDODYDOLDomRREMHFWLYDQRVWUDEDOKRVDHIHFWXDUQmRGHYHUmRVHUFRQVLGHUDGDVFRPRFRQWUiULDV
DRSULQFtSLRGHLJXDOGDGHGHUHPXQHUDomRHQWUHDPmRGHREUDPDVFXOLQDHDPmRGHREUDIHPLQLQDSDUDXPWUD
EDOKRGHLJXDOYDORU
Artigo 4.º
&DGD0HPEURFRODERUDUiGDPDQHLUDTXHIRUFRQYHQLHQWHFRPRVRUJDQLVPRVSDWURQDLVHGHWUDEDOKDGRUHVLQWH
UHVVDGRVDILPGHWRUQDUHIHFWLYDVDVGLVSRVLo}HVGDSUHVHQWHFRQYHQomR
Artigo 5.º
$VUDWLILFDo}HVIRUPDLVGDSUHVHQWHFRQYHQomRVHUmRFRPXQLFDGDVDRGLUHFWRUJHUDOGD5HSDUWLomR,QWHUQDFLRQDO
GR7UDEDOKRTXHDVUHJLVWDUi
Artigo 6.º
$SUHVHQWHFRQYHQomRDSHQDVREULJDUiRV0HPEURVGD2UJDQL]DomR,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKRFXMDUDWLILFDomR
WHQKDVLGRUHJLVWDGDSHORGLUHFWRUJHUDO
$VXDHQWUDGDHPYLJRUYHULILFDUVHiGR]HPHVHVGHSRLVGHUHJLVWDGDVSHORGLUHFWRUJHUDODVUDWLILFDo}HVGH
GRLV0HPEURV
$SDUWLUGHHQWmRD&RQYHQomRHQWUDUiHPYLJRUSDUDFDGD0HPEURGR]HPHVHVGHSRLVGHUHJLVWDGDDVXDUDWL
ILFDomR
Artigo 7.º
$V GHFODUDo}HV TXH IRUHP HQYLDGDV DR GLUHFWRUJHUDO GD 2UJDQL]DomR ,QWHUQDFLRQDO GR 7UDEDOKR GH DFRUGR
FRPRSDUiJUDIRžGRDUWLJRžGD&RQVWLWXLomRGD2UJDQL]DomR,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKRGHYHUmRHVSHFLIL
FDU
D 2VWHUULWyULRVQRVTXDLVR0HPEURVHFRPSURPHWHDDSOLFDUDVGLVSRVLo}HVGD&RQYHQomRVHPTXDOTXHU
PRGLILFDomR
E 2VWHUULWyULRVQRVTXDLVR0HPEURVHFRPSURPHWHDDSOLFDUDVGLVSRVLo}HVGD&RQYHQomRFRPPRGLIL
FDo}HVHHPTXHFRQVLVWHPWDLVPRGLILFDo}HV
F 2VWHUULWyULRVQRVTXDLVpLQDSOLFiYHOD&RQYHQomRHQHVWHFDVRDVUD]}HVGDLQDSOLFDELOLGDGH
G 2VWHUULWyULRVSDUDRVTXDLVVHUHVHUYDXPDGHFLVmRHQTXDQWRVHDJXDUGDXPH[DPHPDLVDSURIXQGDGR
GDVLWXDomRGRVGLWRVWHUULWyULRV
2V FRPSURPLVVRV PHQFLRQDGRV QDV DOtQHDV D H E GR SULPHLUR SDUiJUDIR GR SUHVHQWH DUWLJR FRQVLGHUDPVH
SDUWHVLQWHJUDQWHVGDUDWLILFDomRHSURGX]LUmRLGrQWLFRVHIHLWRV
4XDOTXHU0HPEURSRGHUiUHQXQFLDUSRUPHLRGHQRYDGHFODUDomRDWRGDVRXSDUWHGDVUHVHUYDVFRQWLGDVQD
VXDGHFODUDomRDQWHULRUGHFRUUHQWHGDVDOtQHDVEFHGGRSULPHLURSDUiJUDIRGRSUHVHQWHDUWLJR
1250$6,17(51$&,21$,6'275$%$/+2
4XDOTXHU0HPEURSRGHUiGXUDQWHRVSHUtRGRVHPTXHDSUHVHQWHFRQYHQomRSRGHVHUGHQXQFLDGDHPFRQIRU
PLGDGHFRPDVGLVSRVLo}HVGRDUWLJRžHQYLDUDRGLUHFWRUJHUDOXPDGHFODUDomRQRYDPRGLILFDQGRQRXWURVHQ
WLGRRVWHUPRVGHTXDOTXHUGHFODUDomRDQWHULRUHGDQGRDFRQKHFHUDVLWXDomRHPGHWHUPLQDGRVWHUULWyULRV
Artigo 8.º
$VGHFODUDo}HVHQYLDGDVDRGLUHFWRUJHUDOGD5HSDUWLomR,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKRHPFRQIRUPLGDGHFRPRV
SDUiJUDIRVžHžGRDUWLJRžGD&RQVWLWXLomRGD2UJDQL]DomR,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKRGHYHPLQGLFDUVHDV
GLVSRVLo}HVGD&RQYHQomRVHUmRDSOLFDGDVQRWHUULWyULRFRPRXVHPPRGLILFDo}HVTXDQGRDGHFODUDomRLQGLFDU
TXHDVGLVSRVLo}HVGD&RQYHQomRVHDSOLFDPFRPUHVHUYDGHPRGLILFDo}HVGHYHHVSHFLILFDUVHHPTXHFRQVLVWHP
DVUHIHULGDVPRGLILFDo}HV
20HPEURRX0HPEURVRXDDXWRULGDGHLQWHUQDFLRQDOLQWHUHVVDGRVSRGHUmRUHQXQFLDULQWHLUDRXSDUFLDOPHQWH
SRUPHLRGHGHFODUDomRXOWHULRUDRGLUHLWRGHLQYRFDUXPDPRGLILFDomRLQGLFDGDHPGHFODUDomRDQWHULRU
2 0HPEUR RX 0HPEURV RX D DXWRULGDGH LQWHUQDFLRQDO LQWHUHVVDGRV SRGHUmR GXUDQWH RV SHUtRGRV HP TXH D
&RQYHQomRSRGHVHUGHQXQFLDGDHPFRQIRUPLGDGHFRPDVGLVSRVLo}HVGRDUWLJRžFRPXQLFDUDRGLUHFWRUJHUDO
XPD GHFODUDomR QRYD PRGLILFDQGR QRXWUR VHQWLGR RV WHUPRV GH XPD GHFODUDomR DQWHULRU GDQGR D FRQKHFHU D
VLWXDomRQRTXHGL]UHVSHLWRjDSOLFDomRGHVWDFRQYHQomR
Artigo 9.º
4XDOTXHU 0HPEUR TXH WHQKD UDWLILFDGR D SUHVHQWHFRQYHQomR SRGH GHQXQFLiOD QR ILP GH XP SUD]R GH GH]
DQRVGHSRLVGDGDWDGDHQWUDGDHPYLJRULQLFLDOGD&RQYHQomRPHGLDQWHXPDFRPXQLFDomRDRGLUHFWRUJHUDOGD
5HSDUWLomR,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKRHSRUHOHUHJLVWDGD
$GHQ~QFLDVySURGX]LUiHIHLWRVXPDQRGHSRLVGHWHUVLGRUHJLVWDGD
4XDOTXHU0HPEURTXHWHQKDUDWLILFDGRDSUHVHQWHFRQYHQomRTXHQRSUD]RGHXPDQRH[SLUDGRRSHUtRGRGH
GH]DQRVPHQFLRQDGRQRSDUiJUDIRSUHFHGHQWHQmRIDoDXVRGDIDFXOGDGHGHGHQ~QFLDSUHYLVWDQRSUHVHQWHDUWL
JRREULJDVHSRUXPQRYRSHUtRGRGHGH]DQRVHVHJXLGDPHQWHSRGHUiGHQXQFLDUDSUHVHQWHFRQYHQomRQRWHU
PRGHFDGDSHUtRGRGHGH]DQRVQDVFRQGLo}HVSUHYLVWDVQHVWHDUWLJR
Artigo 10.
2GLUHFWRUJHUDOGD5HSDUWLomR,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKRQRWLILFDUiWRGRVRV0HPEURVGD2UJDQL]DomR,QWHU
QDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKRGRUHJLVWRGHWRGDVDVUDWLILFDo}HVGHFODUDo}HVHGHQ~QFLDVTXHOKHIRUHPHQYLDGDVSHORV
0HPEURVGD2UJDQL]DomR
$R QRWLILFDU RV 0HPEURV GD 2UJDQL]DomR GR UHJLVWR GD VHJXQGD UDWLILFDomR TXH OKH WHQKD VLGR HQYLDGD R
GLUHFWRUJHUDOFKDPDUiDDWHQomRGRV0HPEURVGD2UJDQL]DomRSDUDDGDWDDSDUWLUGDTXDOHQWUDHPYLJRUDSUH
VHQWHFRQYHQomR
Artigo 11.º
2 GLUHFWRUJHUDO GD 5HSDUWLomR ,QWHUQDFLRQDO GR 7UDEDOKR HQYLDUi DR VHFUHWiULRJHUDO GDV 1Do}HV 8QLGDV SDUD
ILQVGHUHJLVWRHPFRQIRUPLGDGHFRPRDUWLJRžGD&DUWDGDV1Do}HV8QLGDVLQIRUPDo}HVFRPSOHWDVVREUH
WRGDVDVUDWLILFDo}HVGHFODUDo}HVHDFWRVGHGHQ~QFLDTXHWHQKDUHJLVWDGRHPFRQIRUPLGDGHFRPRVDUWLJRVSUH
FHGHQWHV
Artigo 12.º
2FRQVHOKRGHDGPLQLVWUDomRGD5HSDUWLomR,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKRFDGDYH]TXHRMXOJDUQHFHVViULRDSUHVHQ
WDUij&RQIHUrQFLD*HUDOXPUHODWyULRVREUHDDSOLFDomRGDSUHVHQWHFRQYHQomRHH[DPLQDUiVHKiPRWLYRSDUD
LQVFUHYHUQDRUGHPGRGLDGD&RQIHUrQFLDDTXHVWmRGDUHVSHFWLYDUHYLVmRWRWDORXSDUFLDO
&DGHUQRV6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRQž
Artigo 13.º
1RFDVRGHD&RQIHUrQFLDDGRSWDUQRYDFRQYHQomRTXHLPSOLTXHUHYLVmRWRWDORXSDUFLDOGDSUHVHQWHFRQYHQ
omRHDPHQRVTXHDQRYDFRQYHQomRQmRGLVSRQKDGLIHUHQWHPHQWH
D $UDWLILFDomRSRUXP0HPEURGDQRYDFRQYHQomRSUHVVXS}HGHSOHQRGLUHLWRQmRREVWDQWHRSUHFHGHQ
WHDUWLJRžDLPHGLDWDGHQ~QFLDGDSUHVHQWHFRQYHQomRFRPDUHVHUYDGHTXHDQRYDFRQYHQomRWHQKD
HQWUDGRHPYLJRU
E $SDUWLUGDGDWDGHHQWUDGDHPYLJRUGDQRYDFRQYHQomRGHL[DUiDSUHVHQWHFRQYHQomRGHHVWDUIDFXOWD
GDjUDWLILFDomRGRV0HPEURV
$SUHVHQWHFRQYHQomRFRQWLQXDUiWRGDYLDHPYLJRUQDVXDIRUPDHFRQWH~GRSDUDRV0HPEURVTXHDWHQKDP
UDWLILFDGRHQmRKDMDPUDWLILFDGRDQRYDFRQYHQomR
Artigo 14.º
)D]HPIpRVWH[WRVIUDQFrVHLQJOrVGD&RQYHQomR
Convenção n.º 111
Sobre a discriminação em matéria de emprego e profissão
$ &RQIHUrQFLD *HUDO GD 2UJDQL]DomR ,QWHUQDFLRQDO GR 7UDEDOKR FRQYRFDGD HP *HQHEUD SHOR &RQVHOKR GH
$GPLQLVWUDomR GD 5HSDUWLomR ,QWHUQDFLRQDO GR 7UDEDOKR H UHXQLGD D GH -XQKR GH QD VXD  VHVVmR
GHSRLVGHWHUGHFLGLGRDGRSWDUGLYHUVDVGLVSRVLo}HVUHODWLYDVjGLVFULPLQDomRHPPDWpULDGHHPSUHJRHSURILVVmR
DVVXQWRDEUDQJLGRQRTXDUWRSRQWRGDRUGHPGRGLDGDVHVVmRGHSRLVGHWHUGHFLGLGRTXHHVVDVGLVSRVLo}HVWRPD
ULDPDIRUPDGHXPDFRQYHQomRLQWHUQDFLRQDOFRQVLGHUDQGRTXHD'HFODUDomRGH)LODGpOILDDILUPDTXHWRGRVRV
VHUHVKXPDQRVVHMDTXDOIRUDUDoDFUHGRRXVH[RWrPGLUHLWRDRSURJUHVVRPDWHULDOHGHVHQYROYLPHQWRHVSLUL
WXDO HP OLEHUGDGH H GLJQLGDGH HP VHJXUDQoD HFRQyPLFD H FRP RSRUWXQLGDGHV LJXDLV FRQVLGHUDQGR SRU RXWUR
ODGRTXHDGLVFULPLQDomRFRQVWLWXLXPDYLRODomRGRVGLUHLWRVHQXQFLDGRVQD'HFODUDomR8QLYHUVDOGRV'LUHLWRV
GR+RPHPDGRSWDDYLQWHHFLQFRGH-XQKRGHPLOQRYHFHQWRVHFLQTXHQWDHRLWRDFRQYHQomRDEDL[RWUDQVFULWD
TXHVHUiGHQRPLQDGD&RQYHQomRVREUHDGLVFULPLQDomRHPSUHJRHSURILVVmR
Artigo 1.º
3DUDILQVGDSUHVHQWH&RQYHQomRRWHUPR³GLVFULPLQDomR´FRPSUHHQGH
D 7RGDDGLVWLQomRH[FOXVmRRXSUHIHUrQFLDIXQGDGDQDUDoDFRUVH[RUHOLJLmRRSLQLmRSROtWLFDDVFHQ
GrQFLDQDFLRQDORXRULJHPVRFLDOTXHWHQKDSRUHIHLWRGHVWUXLURXDOWHUDUDLJXDOGDGHGHRSRUWXQLGDGHV
RXGHWUDWDPHQWRHPPDWpULDGHHPSUHJRRXSURILVVmR
E 7RGDHTXDOTXHUGLVWLQomRH[FOXVmRRXSUHIHUrQFLDTXHWHQKDSRUHIHLWRGHVWUXLURXDOWHUDUDLJXDOGDGH
GHRSRUWXQLGDGHVRXGHWUDWDPHQWRHPPDWpULDGHHPSUHJRRXSURILVVmRTXHSRGHUiVHUHVSHFLILFDGD
SHOR (VWDGR0HPEUR LQWHUHVVDGR GHSRLV GH FRQVXOWDGDV DV RUJDQL]Do}HV UHSUHVHQWDWLYDV GH SDWU}HV H
WUDEDOKDGRUHVTXDQGRHVWDVH[LVWDPHRXWURVRUJDQLVPRVDGHTXDGRV
$VGLVWLQo}HVH[FOXV}HVRXSUHIHUrQFLDVIXQGDGDVHPTXDOLILFDo}HVH[LJLGDVSDUDGHWHUPLQDGRHPSUHJRQmR
VmRFRQVLGHUDGDVFRPRGLVFULPLQDomR
3DUDRVILQVGDSUHVHQWH&RQYHQomRDVSDODYUDV³HPSUHJR´H³SURILVVmR´LQFOXHPQmRVyRDFHVVRjIRUPDomR
SURILVVLRQDODRHPSUHJRHjVGLIHUHQWHVSURILVV}HVFRPRWDPEpPDVFRQGLo}HVGHHPSUHJR
1250$6,17(51$&,21$,6'275$%$/+2
Artigo 2.º
7RGRR(VWDGR0HPEURSDUDRTXDODSUHVHQWH&RQYHQomRVHHQFRQWUHHPYLJRUFRPSURPHWHVHDGHILQLUHDSOL
FDU XPD SROtWLFD QDFLRQDO TXH WHQKD SRU ILP SURPRYHU SRU PpWRGRV DGHTXDGRV jV FLUFXQVWkQFLDV H DRV XVRV
QDFLRQDLVDLJXDOGDGHGHRSRUWQLGDGHVHGHWUDWDPHQWRHPPDWpULDGHHPSUHJRHSURILVVmRFRPRREMHFWLYRGH
HOLPLQDUWRGDDGLVFULPLQDomR
Artigo 3.º
7RGRR(VWDGR0HPEURSDUDRTXDODSUHVHQWH&RQYHQomRVHHQFRQWUHHPYLJRUGHYHSRUPpWRGRVDGHTXDGRVjV
FLUFXQVWkQFLDVHDRVXVRVQDFLRQDLV
D (VIRUoDUVH SRU REWHU D FRODERUDomRGDVRUJDQL]Do}HV UHSUHVHQWDWLYDV GH SDWU}HV H WUDEDOKDGRUHV H GH
RXWURVRUJDQLVPRVDSURSULDGRVFRPRILPGHIDYRUHFHUDDFHLWDomRHDSOLFDomRGHVWDSROtWLFD
E 3URPXOJDUOHLVHHQFRUDMDURVSURJUDPDVGHHGXFDomRSUySULRVDDVVHJXUDUHVWDDFHLWDomRHHVWDDSOLFD
omR
F 5HYRJDUWRGDVDVGLVSRVLo}HVOHJLVODWLYDVHPRGLILFDUWRGDVDVGLVSRVLo}HVRXSUiWLFDVDGPLQLVWUDWLYDV
TXHVHMDPLQFRPSDWtYHLVFRPDUHIHULGDSROtWLFD
G 6HJXLUDUHIHULGDSROtWLFDQRTXHGL]UHVSHLWRDHPSUHJRVGHSHQGHQWHVGDILVFDOL]DomRGLUHFWDGHXPD
DXWRULGDGHQDFLRQDO
H $VVHJXUDUDDSOLFDomRGDUHIHULGDSROtWLFDQDVDFWLYLGDGHVGRVVHUYLoRVGHRULHQWDomRSURILVVLRQDOIRU
PDomRSURILVVLRQDOHFRORFDomRGHSHQGHQWHVGDILVFDOL]DomRGHXPDDXWRULGDGHQDFLRQDO
I ,QGLFDUQRVVHXVUHODWyULRVDQXDLVVREUHDDSOLFDomRGD&RQYHQomRDVPHGLGDVWRPDGDVHPFRQIRUPL
GDGHFRPHVWDSROtWLFDHRVUHVXOWDGRVREWLGRV
Artigo 4.º
1mR VmR FRQVLGHUDGDV FRPR GLVFULPLQDomR DV PHGLGDV WRPDGDV FRQWUD XPD SHVVRD TXH LQGLYLGXDOPHQWH VHMD
REMHFWRGDVXVSHLWDOHJtWLPDGHVHHQWUHJDUDXPDDFWLRYLGDGHSUHMXGLFLDOjVHJXUDQoDGR(VWDGRRXFXMDDFWLYLGD
GHVHHQFRQWUHUHDOPHQWHFRPSURYDGDGHVGHTXHDUHIHULGDSHVVRDWHQKDRGLUHLWRGHUHFRUUHUDXPDLQVWkQFLD
FRPSHWHQWHHVWDEHOHFLGDGHDFRUGRFRPDSUiWLFDQDFLRQDO
Artigo 5.º
$VPHGLGDVHVSHFLDLVGHSURWHFomRRXGHDVVLVWrQFLDSUHYLVWDVHPRXWUDVFRQYHQo}HVRXUHFRPHQGDo}HVDGRS
WDGDVSHOD&RQIHUrQFLD,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEOKRQmRGHYHPVHUFRQVLGHUDGDVFRPRPHGLGDVGHGLVFULPLQDomR
7RGRR(VWDGR0HPEURSRGHGHSRLVGHFRQVXOWDGDVDVRUJDQL]Do}HVUHSUHVHQWDWLYDVGHSDWU}HVHWUDEDOKDGR
UHVTXDQGRHVWDVH[LVWDP GHILQLUFRPRQmRGLVFULPLQDWyULDVTXDLVTXHUPHGLGDVHVSHFLDLVTXHWHQKDPSRU ILP
VDOYDJXDUGDUDVQHFHVVLGDGHVSDUWLFXODUHVGHSHVVRDVHPUHODomRjVTXDLVDDWULEXLomRGHXPD SURWHFomRHDVVLV
WrQFLDHVSHFLDOVHMDGHXPDPDQHLUDJHUDOUHFRQKHFLGDFRPRQHFHVViULDSRUUD]}HVWDLVFRPRRVH[RDLQYDOL
GH]RVHQFDUJRVGHIDPtOLDRXRQtYHOVRFLDORXFXOWXUDO
Artigo 6.º
2VPHPEURVTXHUDWLILFDUHPDSUHVHQWH&RQYHQomRFRPSURPHWHPVHDDSOLFiODDRVWHUULWyULRVQmRPHWURSROLWD
QRVGHDFRUGRFRPDVGLVSRVLo}HVGD&RQVWLWXLomRGD2UJDQL]DomR,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKR
Artigo 7.º
$VUDWLILFDo}HVIRUPDLVGDSUHVHQWH&RQYHQomRVHUmRFRPXQLFDGDVDRGLUHFWRUJHUDOGD5HSDUWLomR,QWHUQDFLRQDO
GR7UDEDOKRTXHDVUHJLVWDUi
&DGHUQRV6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRQž
Artigo 8.º
$SUHVHQWH&RQYHQomRVRPHQWHREULJDUiRVPHPEURVGD2UJDQL]DomR,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKRFXMDUDWLILFD
omRIRUUHJLVWDGDSHORGLUHFWRUJHUDO
$&RQYHQomRHQWUDUiHPYLJRUHPGR]HPHVHVDSyVDGDWDHPTXHWHQKDPVLGRUHJLVWDGDVSHORGLUHFWRUJHUDO
DVUDWLILFDo}HVGHGRLVGRV(VWDGRV0HPEURV
3RUFRQVHJXLQWHHVWD&RQYHQomRHQWUDUiHPYLJRUSDUDFDGDXPGRV(VWDGRV0HPEURVGR]HPHVHVDSyVD
GDWDGRUHJLVWRGDUHVSHFWLYDUDWLILFDomR
Artigo 9.º
2VPHPEURVTXHWHQKDPUDWLILFDGRDSUHVHQWH&RQYHQomRSRGHPGHQXQFLiODGHFRUULGRVGH]DQRVVREUHDGDWD
LQLFLDOGDHQWUDGDHPYLJRUGD&RQYHQomRSRUPHLRGHFRPXQLFDomRDRGLUHFWRUJHUDOGD5HSDUWLomR,QWHUQDFLR
QDOGR7UDEDOKRTXHDUHJLVWDUD
$GHQ~QFLDVRPHQWHSURGX]LUiHIHLWRVSDVVDGRXPDQRVREUHDGDWDGRUHJLVWR
2VPHPEURVTXHWHQKDPUDWLILFDGRD&RQYHQomRHTXHQRSUD]RGHXPDQRGHSRLVGHH[SLUDGRRSHUtRGRGH
GH]DQRVPHQQFLRQDGRQRSDUiJUDIRDQWHULRUQmRIDoDPXVRGDIDFXOGDGHGHGHQ~QFLDSUHYLVWDQRSUHVHQWHDUWLJR
ILFDUmRREULJDGRVSRUQRYRSHUtRGRGHGH]DQRVHSRUFRQVHTXrQFLDSRGHUmRGHQXQFLDUD&RQYHQomRQRWHUPR
GHFDGDSHUtRGRGHGH]DQRVREVHUYDGDVDVFRQGLo}HVHVWDEHOHFLGDVQHVWHDUWLJR
Artigo 10.º
2GLUHFWRUJHUDOGD5HSDUWLomR,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKRQRWLILFDUiRVPHPEURVGD2UJDQL]DomR,QWHUQDFLRQDO
GR7UDEDOKRGRUHJLVWRGHWRGDVDVUDWLILFDo}HVHGHQ~QFLDVTXHOKHVHMDPFRPXQLFDGDVSHORVUHIHULGRVPHPEURV
$RQRWLILFDURVPHPEURVGD2UJDQL]DomRGRUHJLVWRGDVHJXQGDUDWLILFDomRTXHOKHWHQKDVLGRFRPXQLFDGDR
GLUHFWRUJHUDOFKDPDUiDDWHQomRGRVPHPEURVGD2UJDQL]DomRSDUDDGDWDHPTXHDPHVPD&RQYHQomRHQWUDUi
HPYLJRU
Artigo 11.º
2 GLUHFWRUJHUDO GD 5HSDUWLomR ,QWHUQDFLRQDO GR 7UDEDOKR FRPXQLFDUi DR VHFUHWiULRJHUDO GDV 1Do}HV 8QLGDV
SDUD HIHLWRV GH UHIJLVWR GH KDUPRQLD FRP R DUWLJR ž GD &DUWD GDV 1Do}HV 8QLGDV LQIRUPDo}HV FRPSOHWDV
UHVSHLWDQWHVDWRGDVDVUDWLILFDo}HVHDFWRVGHGHQ~QFLDTXHWHQKDUHJLVWDGRQRVWHUPRVGRVDUWLJRVSUHFHGHQWHV
Artigo 12.º
6HPSUHTXHRMXOJDUQHFHVViULRRFRQVHOKRGHDGPLQLVWUDomRGD5HSDUWLomR,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKRDSUHVHQWD
Uij&RQIHUrQFLD*HUDOXPUHODWyULRVREUHDDSOLFDomRGDSUHVHQWH&RQYHQomRHGHFLGLUiGDRSRUWXQLGDGHGHLQV
FUHYHUQDRUGHPGRGLDGD&RQIHUrQFLDDTXHVWmRGDVXDUHYLVmRWRWDORXSDUFLDO
Artigo 13.º
1RFDVRGHD&RQIHUrQFLDDGRSWDURXWUDFRQYHQomRTXHLPSOLTXHUHYLVmRWRUDORXSDUFLDOGDSUHVHQWH&RQYHQ
omRHVDOYRGLVSRVLomRHPFRQWUiULRGDQRYDFRQYHQomR
D $UDWLILFDomRGDQRYDFRQYHQomRSRUXPGRVPHPEURVLPSOLFDUiLSVRMXUHDGHQ~QFLDLPHGLDWDGDSUH
VHQWH&RQYHQomRQmRREVWDQWHRGLVSRVWRQRDUWLJRžHVREUHVHUYDGHTXHDQRYDFRQYHQomRWHQKD
HQWUDGRHPYLJRU
E $SDUWLUGDGDWDGDHQWUDGDHPYLJRUGDQRYDFRQYHQomRDSUHVHQWH&RQYHQomRGHL[DGHHVWDUDEHUWDj
UDWLILFDomRGRVPHPEURV
$SUHVHQWH&RQYHQomRFRQWLQXDUiWRGDYLDHPYLJRUQDVXDIRUPDHFRQWH~GRSDUDRVPHPEURVTXHDWHQKDP
UDWLILFDGRHQmRUDWLILTXHPDQRYDFRQYHQomR
1250$6,17(51$&,21$,6'275$%$/+2
Artigo 14.º
$VYHUV}HVIUDQFHVDVHLQJOHVDGRWH[WRGDSUHVHQWH&RQYHQomRVmRLJXDOPHQWHDXWrQWLFDV
Convenção n.º 156
Relativa à igualdade de oportunidades e de tratamento para os trabalhadores de ambos os sexos: trabalhadores com responsabilidades familiares
$ &RQIHUrQFLD *HUDO GD 2UJDQL]DomR ,QWHUQDFLRQDO GR 7UDEDOKR FRQYRFDGD SDUD *HQHEUD SHOR FRQVHOKR GH
DGPLQLVWUDomRGD5HSDUWLomR,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKRRQGHUHXQLXDGH-XQKRGHQDVXDVHVVmR
WHQGR HP DWHQomR RV WHUPRV GD 'HFODUDomR GH )LODGpOILD UHODWLYD jV ILQDOLGDGHV H REMHFWLYRV GD 2UJDQL]DomR
,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKRTXHUHFRQKHFHTXH³WRGRVRVVHUHVKXPDQRVVHMDTXDOIRUDVXDUDoDFUHQoDRXVH[R
WrPGLUHLWRDSURFXUDURVHXSURJUHVVRPDWHULDOHRVHXGHVHQYROYLPHQWRHVSLULWXDOHPOLEHUGDGHHGLJQLGDGHHP
VHJXUDQoDHFRQyPLFDHFRPRSRUWXQLGDGHVLJXDLVWHQGRHPDWHQomRRVWHUPRVGD'HFODUDomRVREUHD,JXDOGDGH
GH2SRUWXQLGDGHVHGH7UDWDPHQWRSDUDDV7UDEDOKDGRUDVHGD5HVROXomRVREUHR3ODQRGH$FomR'HVWLQDGRD
3URPRYHU D ,JXDOGDGH GH 2SRUWXQLGDGHV H GH 7UDWDPHQWR SDUD DV 7UDEDOKDGRUDV DGRSWDGDV SHOD &RQIHUrQFLD
,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKRWHQGRHPDWHQomRDVGLVSRVLo}HVGDVFRQYHQo}HVHUHFRPHQGDo}HVLQWHUQDFLR
QDLV GR WUDEDOKR TXH YLVDP DVVHJXUDU D LJXDOGDGH GH RSRUWXQLGDGHV H GH WUDWDPHQWR SDUD RV WUDEDOKDGRUHV GH
DPERVRVVH[RVQRPHDGDPHQWHGDFRQYHQomRHGDUHFRPHQGDomRUHODWLYDVjLJXDOGDGHGHUHPXQHUDomR
GD FRQYHQomR H GD UHFRPHQGDomR UHODWLYDV j GLVFULPLQDomR HPSUHJR H SURILVVmR H GD SDUWH 9,,, GD
UHFRPHQGDomRVREUHDYDORUL]DomRGRVUHFXUVRVKXPDQRVUHFRUGDQGRTXHDFRQYHQomRUHODWLYDjGLVFULPL
QDomRHPSUHJRHSURILVVmRQmRYLVDH[SUHVVDPHQWHDVGLVWLQo}HVEDVHDGDVQDVUHVSRQVDELOLGDGHVIDPLOLD
UHVHFRQVLGHUDQGRTXHVmRQHFHVViULDVQRYDVQRUPDVQHVWHVHQWLGRWHQGRHPDWHQomRRVWHUPRVGDUHFRPHQGD
omRVREUHRHPSUHJRGDVPXOKHUHVFRPUHVSRQVDELOLGDGHVIDPLOLDUHVHFRQVLGHUDQGRDVPXGDQoDVRFRUUL
GDV GHVGH D VXD DGRSomR WHQGR HP DWHQomR TXH WDPEpP IRUDP DGRSWDGRV LQVWUXPHQWRV VREUH D LJXDOGDGH GH
RSRUWXQLGDGHHGHWUDWDPHQWRSDUDRVKRPHQVHPXOKHUHVSHODV1Do}HV8QLGDVHSRURXWUDVLQVWLWXLo}HVHVSHFLDOL
]DGDVHUHFRUGDQGRSDUWLFXODUPHQWHRSDUiJUDIRGRSUHkPEXORGDFRQYHQomRGDV1Do}HV8QLGDVVREUHDHOL
PLQDomRGHWRGDVDVIRUPDVGHGLVFULPLQDomRSDUDFRPDVPXOKHUHVTXHLQGLFDTXHRV(VWDGRVSDUWHVHVWmR
³FRQVFLHQWHV GH TXH R SDSHO WUDGLFLRQDO GR KRPHP QD IDPtOLD H QD VRFLHGDGH GHYH HYROXLU WDQWR FRPR R GD
PXOKHUVHVHTXLVHUDOFDQoDUXPDDXWrQWLFDLJXDOGDGHHQWUHRKRPHPHDPXOKHU´UHFRQKHFHQGRTXHRVSUREOH
PDVGRVWUDEDOKDGRUHVFRPUHVSRQVDELOLGDGHVIDPLOLDUHVVmRDVSHFWRVGHTXHVW}HVPDLVYDVWDVUHODWLYDVjIDPtOLD
HjVRFLHGDGHTXHDVSROtWLFDVQDFLRQDLVGHYHPWHUHPFRQWDUHFRQKHFHQGRDQHFHVVLGDGHGHLQVWDXUDUDLJXDOGD
GHHIHFWLYDGHRSRUWXQLGDGHHGHWUDWDPHQWRHQWUHRVWUDEDOKDGRUHVGHDPERVRVVH[RVTXHWHQKDPUHVSRQVDELOL
GDGHVIDPLOLDUHV FRPR HQWUH HVWHV H RV RXWURVWUDEDOKDGRUHVFRQVLGHUDQGRTXHJUDQGH Q~PHUR GRV SUREOHPDV
HQIUHQWDGRVSRUWRGRVRVWUDEDOKDGRUHVVmRDJUDYDGRVQRFDVRGRVWUDEDOKDGRUHVFRPUHVSRQVDELOLGDGHVIDPLOLD
UHVHUHFRQKHFHQGRDQHFHVVLGDGHGHPHOKRUDUDFRQGLomRGHVWHV~OWLPRVDRPHVPRWHPSRDWUDYpVGHPHGLGDV
TXH VDWLVIDoDP DV VXDV QHFHVVLGDGHV SDUWLFXODUHV H DWUDYpV GH PHGLGDV TXH YLVHP PHOKRUDU GH PDQHLUD JHUDO D
FRQGLomRGRVWUDEDOKDGRUHVDSyVWHUGHFLGLGRDGRSWDUGLYHUVDVSURSRVWDVUHODWLYDVjLJXDOGDGHGHRSRUWXQLGDGHV
HGHWUDWDPHQWRSDUDRVWUDEDOKDGRUHVGHDPERVRVVH[RVWUDEDOKDGRUHVFRPUHVSRQVDELOLGDGHVIDPLOLDUHVTXHV
WmRTXHFRQVWLWXLRTXLQWRSRQWRGDRUGHPGHWUDEDOKRVGDVHVVmRDSyVWHUGHFLGLGRTXHHVVDVSURSRVWDVWRPDULDP
DIRUPDGHXPDFRQYHQomRLQWHUQDFLRQDODGRSWDQHVWHGLDGH-XQKRGHDVHJXLQWH&RQYHQomRTXHVHUi
GHQRPLQDGD³&RQYHQomRVREUHRV7UDEDOKDGRUHVFRPUHVSRQVDELOLGDGHV)DPLOLDUHV´
Artigo 1.º
$ SUHVHQWH &RQYHQomR DSOLFDVH DRV WUDEDOKDGRUHV GH DPERV RV VH[RV FRP UHVSRQVDELOLGDGHV SDUD FRP RV
ILOKRVDVHXFDUJRTXDQGRHVVDVUHVSRQVDELOLGDGHVOLPLWHPDVVXDVSRVVLELOLGDGHVGHVHSUHSDUDUHPSDUDDDFWLYL
GDGHHFRQyPLFDGHDFHGHUHPDHODGHQHODSDUWLFLSDUHPRXSURJUHGLUHP
&DGHUQRV6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRQž
2GLVSRVWRQDSUHVHQWH&RQYHQomRVHUiLJXDOPHQWHDSOLFDGRDRVWUDEDOKDGRUHVGHDPERVRVVH[RVFRPUHVSRQ
VDELOLGDGHV SDUD FRP RXWURV PHPEURV GD VXD IDPtOLD GLUHFWD TXH WHQKDP XPD QHFHVVLGDGH PDQLIHVWD GRV VHXV
FXLGDGRVRXGRVHXDPSDURTXDQGRHVVDVUHVSRQVDELOLGDGHVOLPLWDUHPDVVXDVSRVVLELOLGDGHVGHVHSUHSDUDUHP
SDUDDDFWLYLGDGHHFRQyPLFDGHDFHGHUHPDHODGHQHODSDUWLFLSDUHPRXSURJUHGLUHP
3DUD RVHIHLWRV GD SUHVHQWH &RQYHQomR RV WHUPRV ³ILOKRVD FDUJR´ H ³RXWURPHPEUR GD IDPtOLD GLUHFWD TXH
WHQKDXPDQHFHVVLGDGHPDQLIHVWDGHFXLGDGRVRXGHDPSDUR´HQWHQGHPVHQRVHQWLGRGHILQLGRHPFDGDSDtVSRU
XPGRVPHLRVUHIHULGRVQRDUWLJRž
2VWUDEDOKDGRUHVYLVDGRVQRVSDUiJUDIRVHVXSUDVHUmRDEDL[RGHVLJQDGRV³WUDEDOKDGRUHVFRPUHVSRQVDELOL
GDGHVIDPLOLDUHV´
Artigo 2.º
$SUHVHQWH&RQYHQomRDSOLFDVHDWRGRVRVUDPRVGDDFWLYLGDGHHFRQyPLFDHDWRGDVDVFDWHJRULDVGHWUDEDOKDGR
UHV
Artigo 3.º
$ ILP GH LQVWDXUDU D LJXDOGDGH HIHFWLYD GH RSRUWXQLGDGHV H WUDWDPHQWR SDUD RV WUDEDOKDGRUHV GH DPERV RV
VH[RVFDGDPHPEURGHYHHQWUHRVVHXVREMHFWLYRVGHSROtWLFDQDFLRQDOWHUHPYLVWDSHUPLWLUjVSHVVRDVFRPUHV
SRQVDELOLGDGHVIDPLOLDUHVHTXHRFXSHPRXGHVHMHPRFXSDUXPHPSUHJRTXHH[HUoDPRVHXGLUHLWRGHRRFXSDU
RXGHRREWHUVHPVHUHPDOYRGHGLVFULPLQDomRHWDQWRTXDQWRSRVVtYHOVHPFRQIOLWRHQWUHDVVXDVUHVSRQVDELOL
GDGHVSURILVVLRQDLVHIDPLOLDUHV
3DUDHIHLWRVGRSDUiJUDIRVXSUDRWHUPR³GLVFULPLQDomR´VLJQLILFDDGLVFULPLQDomRHPPDWpULDGHHPSUHJRH
SURILVVmRWDOFRPRIRLGHILQLGDSHORVDUWLJRVžHžGDFRQYHQomRUHODWLYDjGLVFULPLQDomRHPSUHJRHSURILV
VmR
Artigo 4.º
$ILPGHLQVWDXUDUDLJXDOGDGHHIHFWLYDGHRSRUWXQLGDGHVHWUDWDPHQWRSDUDRVWUDEDOKDGRUHVGHDPERVRVVH[RV
GHYHPWRPDUVHWRGDVDVPHGLGDVFRPSDWtYHLVFRPDVFRQGLo}HVHSRVVLELOLGDGHVQDFLRQDLVSDUD
D 3HUPLWLUDRVWUDEDOKDGRUHVFRPUHVSRQVDELOLGDGHVIDPLOLDUHVH[HUFHUHPRVHXGLUHLWRjOLYUHHVFROKDGH
HPSUHJR
E 7HUHPFRQWDDVVXDVQHFHVVLGDGHVQRTXHUHVSHLWDjVFRQGLo}HVGHHPSUHJRHjVHJXUDQoDVRFLDO
Artigo 5.º
'HYHPLJXDOPHQWHVHUWRPDGDVWRGDVDVPHGLGDVFRPSDWtYHLVFRPDVFRQGLo}HVHSRVVLELOLGDGHVQDFLRQDLVSDUD
D 7HUHPFRQWDDVQHFHVVLGDGHVGRVWUDEDOKDGRUHVFRPUHVSRQVDELOLGDGHVIDPLOLDUHVQDRUJDQL]DomR GDV
FROHFWLYLGDGHVORFDLVRXUHJLRQDLV
E 'HVHQYROYHU RX SURPRYHU VHUYLoRV FRPXQLWiULRV S~EOLFRV RX SULYDGRV WDLV FRPR VHUYLoRV H LQVWDOD
o}HVGHFXLGDGRVjLQIkQFLDHGHDMXGDjIDPtOLD
Artigo 6.º
$VDXWRULGDGHVHRUJDQLVPRVFRPSHWHQWHVGHFDGDSDtVGHYHPWRPDUPHGLGDVDSURSULDGDVSDUDSURPRYHUXPD
LQIRUPDomRHXPDHGXFDomRTXHVXVFLWHPQRS~EOLFRQmRVyXPDPHOKRUFRPSUHHQVmRGRSULQFtSLRGDLJXDOGDGH
GHRSRUWXQLGDGHVHWUDWDPHQWRSDUDRVWUDEDOKDGRUHVGHDPERVRVVH[RVHGRVSUREOHPDVGRVWUDEDOKDGRUHVFRP
UHVSRQVDELOLGDGHVIDPLOLDUHVFRPRWDPEpPXPDFRUUHQWHGHRSLQLmRIDYRUiYHOjVROXomRGHVVHVSUREOHPDV
1250$6,17(51$&,21$,6'275$%$/+2
Artigo 7.º
'HYHPVHUWRPDGDVWRGDVDVPHGLGDVFRPSDWtYHLVFRPDVFRQGLo}HVHSRVVLELOLGDGHVQDFLRQDLVHQWUHDVTXDLV
PHGLGDVQRGRPtQLRGDRULHQWDomRHGDIRUPDomRSURILVVLRQDLVSDUDSHUPLWLUDRVWUDEDOKDGRUHVFRPUHVSRQVDEL
OLGDGHVIDPLOLDUHVLQWHJUDUHPVHQDSRSXODomRDFWLYDFRQWLQXDUHPDID]HUSDUWHGHODHUHWRPDUHPXPHPSUHJR
DSyVXPDDXVrQFLDPRWLYDGDSRUHVVDVUHVSRQVDELOLGDGHV
Artigo 8.º
$V UHVSRQVDELOLGDGHV IDPLOLDUHV QmR SRGHP HQTXDQWR WDLV FRQVWLWXLU PRWLYR YiOLGR SDUD S{U ILP j UHODomR GH
WUDEDOKR
Artigo 9.º
$VGLVSRVLo}HVGDSUHVHQWH&RQYHQomRSRGHPVHUDSOLFDGDVSRUYLDOHJLVODWLYDDWUDYpVGHFRQYHQo}HVFROHFWLYDV
GHUHJXODPHQWRVGHHPSUHVDGHVHQWHQoDVDUELWUDLVGHGHFLV}HVMXGLFLDLVRXSRUTXDOTXHURXWURPHLRDGHTXDGR
FRQIRUPHFRPDSUiWLFDQDFLRQDOHTXHWHQKDHPFRQWDDVFRQGLo}HVQDFLRQDLV
Artigo 10.º
7HQGRHPFRQWDDVFRQGLo}HVQDFLRQDLVDVGLVSRVLo}HVGDSUHVHQWH&RQYHQomRSRGHUmRVHIRUQHFHVViULRVHU
DSOLFDGDVJUDGXDOPHQWHILFDQGRDVVHQWHTXHVHMDFRPRIRUDVPHGLGDVWRPDGDVSDUDHVWHHIHLWRVHDSOLFDUmRD
WRGRVRVWUDEDOKDGRUHVYLVDGRVSHORDUWLJRžSDUiJUDIR
4XDOTXHU PHPEUR TXH UDWLILTXH D SUHVHQWH FRQYHQomR LQGLFDUi QR SULPHLUR UHODWyULR VREUH D DSOLFDomR GD
PHVPDTXHWHUiGHDSUHVHQWDUSRUIRUoDGRDUWLJRžGD&RQVWLWXLomRGD2UJDQL]DomR,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDED
OKRVHHDUHVSHLWRGHTXHGLVSRVLo}HVGD&RQYHQomRWHQFLRQDVRFRUUHUVHGDSRVVLELOLGDGHRIHUHFLGDQRSDUiJUD
IRGRSUHVHQWHDUWLJRHLQGLFDUiQRVUHODWyULRVVHJXLQWHVDPHGLGDHPTXHGHXRXVHSURS}HGDUFXPSULPHQWRjV
FLWDGDVGLVSRVLo}HV
Artigo 11.º
$VRUJDQL]Do}HVGHHPSUHJDGRUHVHGHWUDEDOKDGRUHVWHUmRGLUHLWRDSDUWLFLSDUVHJXQGRPRGDOLGDGHVDSURSULDGDV
jVFRQGLo}HVHjSUiWLFDQDFLRQDLVQDHODERUDomRHQDDSOLFDomRGDVPHGLGDVWRPDGDVSDUDGDUFXPSULPHQWRDR
GLVSRVWRQDSUHVHQWH&RQYHQomR
Artigo 12.º
$VUDWLILFDo}HVIRUPDLVGDSUHVHQWH&RQYHQomRVHUmRFRPXQLFDGRVDRGLUHFWRUJHUDOGD5HSDUWLomR,QWHUQDFLRQDO
GR7UDEDOKRHSRUHOHUHJLVWDGDV
Artigo 13.º
$SUHVHQWH&RQYHQomRYLQFXODUiRVPHPEURVGD2UJDQL]DomR,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKRFXMDUDWLILFDomRWHQKD
VLGRUHJLVWDGDSHORGLUHFWRUJHUDO
(QWUDUiHPYLJRUPHVHVGHSRLVGHDVUDWLILFDo}HVGHPHPEURVWHUHPVLGRUHJLVWDGDVSHORGLUHFWRUJHUDO
3RVWHULRUPHQWHHVWD&RQYHQomRHQWUDUiHPYLJRUSDUDFDGDPHPEURPHVHVDSyVDGDWDHPTXHDVXDUDWLIL
FDomRWLYHUVLGRUHJLVWDGD
Artigo 14.º
4XDOTXHUPHPEURTXHWLYHUUDWLILFDGRDSUHVHQWH&RQYHQomRSRGHUiGHQXQFLiODGHFRUULGRXPSHUtRGRGH
DQRVDFRQWDUGDGDWDGDHQWUDGDHPYLJRULQLFLDOGD&RQYHQomRPHGLDQWHXPDFRPXQLFDomRHQYLDGDDRGLUHFWRU
&DGHUQRV6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRQž
JHUDOGD5HSDUWLomR,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKRHSRUHOHUHJLVWDGD$GHQ~QFLDVySURGX]LUiHIHLWRVDQRGHSRLV
GHWHUVLGRUHJLVWDGD
4XDOTXHUPHPEURTXHWHQKDUDWLILFDGRDSUHVHQWH&RQYHQomRHTXHQRSUD]RGHDQRDSyVRWHUPRGRSHUtR
GRGHDQRVPHQFLRQDGRQRQ~PHURSUHFHGHQWHQmRIL]HUXVRGDIDFXOGDGHGHGHQ~QFLDSUHYLVWDQRSUHVHQWH
DUWLJRILFDUiYLQFXODGRSRUXPQRYRSHUtRGRGHDQRVHSRVWHULRUPHQWHSRGHUiGHQXQFLDUHVWD&RQYHQomRQR
WHUPRGHFDGDSHUtRGRGHDQRVQDVFRQGLo}HVSUHYLVWDVQRSUHVHQWHDUWLJR
Artigo 15.º
2 GLUHFWRUJHUDO GD 5HSDUWLomR ,QWHUQDFLRQDO GR 7UDEDOKR SDUWLFLSDUi D WRGRV RV PHPEURV GD 2UJDQL]DomR
,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKRRUHJLVWRGHWRGDVDVUDWLILFDo}HVHGHQ~QFLDVTXHOKHIRUHPFRPXQLFDGDVSHORVPHP
EURVGD2UJDQL]DomR
$RSDUWLFLSDUDRVPHPEURVGD2UJDQL]DomRRUHJLVWRGDVHJXQGDUDWLILFDomRTXHOKHWLYHUVLGRFRPXQLFDGDR
GLUHFWRUJHUDOFKDPDUiDDWHQomRGRVPHPEURVGD2UJDQL]DomRSDUDDGDWDHPTXHDSUHVHQWH&RQYHQomRHQWUDUi
HPYLJRU
Artigo 16.º
2 GLUHFWRUJHUDO GD 5HSDUWLomR ,QWHUQDFLRQDO GR 7UDEDOKR FRPXQLFDUi DR 6HFUHWiULR*HUDO GDV 1Do}HV 8QLGDV
SDUDHIHLWRVGHUHJLVWRHPFRQIRUPLGDGHFRPRDUWLJRžGD&DUWDGDV1Do}HV8QLGDVLQIRUPDo}HVFRPSOHWDV
VREUHWRGDVDVUDWLILFDo}HVHWRGRVRVDFWRVGHGHQ~QFLDTXHWLYHUUHJLVWDGRHPFRQIRUPLGDGHFRPRVDUWLJRVSUH
FHGHQWHV
Artigo 17.º
6HPSUHTXHRFRQVLGHUHQHFHVViULRRFRQVHOKRGHDGPLQLVWUDomRGD5HSDUWLomR,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKRDSUH
VHQWDUij&RQIHUrQFLD*HUDOXPUHODWyULRVREUHDDSOLFDomRGDSUHVHQWH&RQYHQomRHDYDOLDUiVHGHYHUiLQVFUHYHU
VHQDRUGHPGHWUDEDOKRVGD&RQIHUrQFLDDTXHVWmRGDVXDUHYLVmRWRWDORXSDUFLDO
Artigo 18.º
1RFDVRGHD&RQIHUrQFLDDGRSWDUXPDQRYDFRQYHQomRTXHUHYHODWRWDORXSDUFLDOPHQWHDSUHVHQWHFRQYHQomR
HVDOYRGLVSRVLomRHPFRQWUiULRGDQRYDFRQYHQomR
D $UDWLILFDomRSRUXPPHPEURGDQRYDFRQYHQomRTXHHIHFWXDUDUHYLVmRLPSOLFDUiGHSOHQRGLUHLWRQmR
REVWDQWHRDUWLJRžVXSUDDGHQ~QFLDLPHGLDWDGDSUHVHQWH&RQYHQomRGHVGHTXHDQRYDFRQYHQomR
TXHHIHFWXDUDUHYLVmRWHQKDHQWUDGRHPYLJRU
E $SDUWLUGDGDWDGDHQWUDGDHPYLJRUGDQRYDFRQYHQomRTXHHIHFWXDUDUHYLVmRDSUHVHQWH&RQYHQomR
GHL[DUiGHHVWDUDEHUWDjUDWLILFDomRGRVPHPEURV
$SUHVHQWH&RQYHQomRSHUPDQHFHUiWRGDYLDHPYLJRUQDVXDIRUPDHFRQWH~GRSDUDRVPHPEURVTXHDWLYH
UHPUDWLILFDGRHTXHQmRUDWLILFDUHPDFRQYHQomRTXHHIHFWXDUDUHYLVmR
Artigo 19.º
$VYHUV}HVIUDQFHVDVHLQJOHVDVGRWH[WRGDSUHVHQWH&RQYHQomRID]HPLJXDOPHQWHIp
1250$6,17(51$&,21$,6'275$%$/+2
Convenção n.º 183
Convenção relativa à revisão da convenção (revista) sobre a protecção da maternidade, 1952 $ &RQIHUrQFLD *HUDO GD 2UJDQL]DomR ,QWHUQDFLRQDO GR 7UDEDOKR FRQYRFDGD SDUD *HQHEUD SHOR &RQVHOKR GH
$GPLQLVWUDomRGD5HSDUWLomR,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKRHDtUHXQLGDDGH0DLRGHQDVXDRFWRJpVLPD
RLWDYD VHVVmR WRPDQGR QRWD GD QHFHVVLGDGH GH UHYHUD FRQYHQomR VREUH D SURWHFomR GD PDWHUQLGDGH UHYLVWD
EHP FRPR D UHFRPHQGDomR VREUH D SURWHFomR GD PDWHUQLGDGH D ILP GH PHOKRUDU D SURPRomR GD
LJXDOGDGHGHWRGDVDVPXOKHUHVTXHWUDEDOKDPEHPFRPRDVD~GHHDVHJXUDQoDGDPmHHGDFULDQoDHDILPGH
UHFRQKHFHU D GLYHUVLGDGH GR GHVHQYROYLPHQWR HFRQyPLFR H VRFLDO GRV 0HPEURV EHP FRPR D GLYHUVLGDGH GDV
HPSUHVDVH R GHVHQYROYLPHQWR GD SURWHFomR GD PDWHUQLGDGH QDV OHJLVODo}HVH QDV SUiWLFDV QDFLRQDLVWRPDQGR
QRWDGDVGLVSRVLo}HVGD'HFODUDomR8QLYHUVDOGRV'LUHLWRVGR+RPHPGD&RQYHQomRGDV1Do}HV8QLGDV
VREUHD(OLPLQDomRGHWRGDVDV)RUPDVGH'LVFULPLQDomRFRQWUDDV0XOKHUHVGD&RQYHQomRGDV1Do}HV
8QLGDV VREUH RV 'LUHLWRV GD &ULDQoD GD 'HFODUDomR H GR 3URJUDPD GH $FomR GH 3HTXLP GD
'HFODUDomRGD2UJDQL]DomR,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKRVREUHD,JXDOGDGHGH2SRUWXQLGDGHVHGH7UDWDPHQWRSDUD
DV 7UDEDOKDGRUDV GD 'HFODUDomR GD 2UJDQL]DomR ,QWHUQDFLRQDO GR 7UDEDOKR UHODWLYD DRV 3ULQFtSLRV H
'LUHLWRV)XQGDPHQWDLVQR7UDEDOKRH5HVSHFWLYR$FRPSDQKDPHQWREHPFRPRGDVFRQYHQo}HVHUHFR
PHQGDo}HVLQWHUQDFLRQDLVGRWUDEDOKRTXHYLVDPJDUDQWLUDLJXDOGDGHGHRSRUWXQLGDGHVHGHWUDWDPHQWRDRVWUDED
OKDGRUHVHjVWUDEDOKDGRUDVHPSDUWLFXODUDFRQYHQomRVREUHRVWUDEDOKDGRUHVFRPUHVSRQVDELOLGDGHVIDPLOLDUHV
WHQGRHPFRQWDDVLWXDomRGDVPXOKHUHVTXHWUDEDOKDPHDQHFHVVLGDGHGHDVVHJXUDUDSURWHFomRGDJUDYL
GH]TXHFRQVWLWXHPXPDUHVSRQVDELOLGDGHSDUWLOKDGDSHORVSRGHUHVS~EOLFRVHSHODVRFLHGDGHDSyVWHUGHFLGLGR
DGRSWDUGLYHUVDV SURSRVWDV UHODWLYDV j UHYLVmR GD FRQYHQomR UHYLVWD H GD UHFRPHQGDomR VREUHD SURWHFomR GD
PDWHUQLGDGHTXHVWmRTXHFRQVWLWXLRTXDUWRSRQWRGDRUGHPGRGLDGDVHVVmRDSyVWHUGHFLGLGRTXHHVVDV
SURSRVWDVWRPDULDPDIRUPDGHXPDFRQYHQomRLQWHUQDFLRQDODGRSWDQHVWHGLDGH-XQKRGRDQRGRLVPLOD
VHJXLQWHFRQYHQomRTXHVHUiGHQRPLQDGD&RQYHQomRVREUHDSURWHFomRGDPDWHUQLGDGH
Âmbito de aplicação
Artigo 1.º
3DUDRVILQVGDSUHVHQWHFRQYHQomRRWHUPR³PXOKHU´DSOLFDVHDWRGDVDVSHVVRDVGRVH[RIHPLQLQRVHPTXDO
TXHUGLVFULPLQDomRHRWHUPR³FULDQoD´DWRGDVDVFULDQoDVVHPTXDOTXHUGLVFULPLQDomR
Artigo 2.º
$SUHVHQWHFRQYHQomRDSOLFDVHDWRGDVDVPXOKHUHVHPSUHJDGDVLQFOXLQGRDVTXHRVmRHPIRUPDVDWtSLFDVGH
WUDEDOKRGHSHQGHQWH
1RHQWDQWRXP0HPEURTXHUDWLILTXHDFRQYHQomRSRGHDSyVFRQVXOWDGDVRUJDQL]Do}HVUHSUHVHQWDWLYDVGRV
HPSUHJDGRUHVHGRVWUDEDOKDGRUHVLQWHUHVVDGDVH[FOXLUWRWDORXSDUFLDOPHQWHGRVHXkPELWRFDWHJRULDVOLPLWDGDV
GHWUDEDOKDGRUDVVHDVXDDSOLFDomRDHVVDVFDWHJRULDVVXVFLWDVVHSUREOHPDVHVSHFLDLVGHSDUWLFXODULPSRUWkQFLD
4XDOTXHU0HPEURTXHVHSUHYDOHoDGDSRVVLELOLGDGHSUHYLVWDQRQ~PHURDQWHULRUGHYHQRVHXSULPHLURUHODWy
ULRVREUHDDSOLFDomRGDFRQYHQomRDSUHVHQWDGRFRPEDVHQRDUWLJRžGD&RQVWLWXLomRGD2UJDQL]DomR,QWHUQD
FLRQDOGR7UDEDOKRLQGLFDUDVFDWHJRULDVGHWUDEDOKDGRUDVDVVLPH[FOXtGDVHDVUD]}HVGDVXDH[FOXVmR1RVUHOD
WyULRVSRVWHULRUHVR0HPEURGHYHGHVFUHYHUDVPHGLGDVWRPDGDVDILPGHHVWHQGHUSURJUHVVLYDPHQWHDVGLVSRVL
o}HVGDFRQYHQomRDHVVDVFDWHJRULDV
7UDGXomRGD'*(570766FRQYHQomRHPSURFHVVRGHUDWLILFDomR
&DGHUQRV6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRQž
Protecção da saúde
Artigo 3.º
4XDOTXHU0HPEURGHYHDSyVFRQVXOWDGDVRUJDQL]Do}HVUHSUHVHQWDWLYDVGRVHPSUHJDGRUHVHGRVWUDEDOKDGRUHV
DGRSWDUDVPHGLGDVQHFHVViULDVSDUDTXHDVPXOKHUHVJUiYLGDVRXTXHDPDPHQWDPQmRVHMDPREULJDGDVDH[HFX
WDUXPWUDEDOKRTXHWHQKDVLGRGHWHUPLQDGRSHODDXWRULGDGHFRPSHWHQWHFRPRSUHMXGLFLDOjVXDVD~GHRXGDVXD
FULDQoD RX TXHWHQKD VLGR FRQVLGHUDGR DWUDYpVGH XPD DYDOLDomR TXHFRPSRUWD XP ULVFR VLJQLILFDWLYR SDUDD
VD~GHGDPmHRXGDFULDQoD
Licença por maternidade
Artigo 4.º
4XDOTXHUPXOKHUDEUDQJLGDSHODSUHVHQWHFRQYHQomRWHPGLUHLWRDXPDOLFHQoDSRUPDWHUQLGDGHGHSHORPHQRV
FDWRU]H VHPDQDV GH GXUDomR PHGLDQWH DSUHVHQWDomR GH XP FHUWLILFDGR PpGLFR RX RXWUD GHFODUDomR DSURSULDGD
LQGLFDQGRDGDWDSURYiYHOGRSDUWRWDOFRPRIRUGHWHUPLQDGRSHODOHJLVODomRHDSUiWLFDQDFLRQDLV
$GXUDomRGDUHIHULGDOLFHQoDGHYHVHUHVSHFLILFDGDSHOR0HPEURQXPDGHFODUDomRTXHDFRPSDQKDUiDUDWLIL
FDomRGDSUHVHQWHFRQYHQomR
4XDOTXHU 0HPEUR SRGH SRVWHULRUPHQWH GHSRVLWDU MXQWR GR 'LUHFWRU *HUDO GD 5HSDUWLomR ,QWHUQDFLRQDO GR
7UDEDOKRXPDQRYDGHFODUDomRTXHDXPHQWHDGXUDomRGDOLFHQoDSRUPDWHUQLGDGH
7HQGRQDGHYLGDFRQWDDSURWHFomRGDVD~GHGDPmHHGDFULDQoDDOLFHQoDSRUPDWHUQLGDGHGHYHFRPSUHHQGHU
XPSHUtRGRGHOLFHQoDREULJDWyULDGHVHLVVHPDQDVDSyVRSDUWRVDOYRVHRJRYHUQRHDVRUJDQL]Do}HVUHSUHVHQWD
WLYDVGHHPSUHJDGRUHVHGHWUDEDOKDGRUHVWLYHUHPDFRUGDGRGLIHUHQWHPHQWHDQtYHOQDFLRQDO
$GXUDomRGDOLFHQoDSRUPDWHUQLGDGHDQWHULRUDRSDUWRGHYHVHUSURORQJDGDSRUXPDOLFHQoDHTXLYDOHQWHDR
SHUtRGRFRPSUHHQGLGRHQWUHDGDWDSURYiYHOHDGDWDHIHFWLYDGRSDUWRVHPUHGXomRGDGXUDomRGDOLFHQoDREUL
JDWyULDDSyVRSDUWR
Licença em caso de doença ou de complicações
Artigo 5.º
'HYH VHU FRQFHGLGD XPD OLFHQoD DQWHV RX GHSRLV GR SHUtRGR GH OLFHQoD SRU PDWHUQLGDGH HP FDVR GH GRHQoD
FRPSOLFDo}HVRXULVFRGHFRPSOLFDo}HVUHVXOWDQWHVGDJUDYLGH]RXGRSDUWRPHGLDQWHDSUHVHQWDomRGHXPFHUWL
ILFDGRPpGLFR$QDWXUH]DHDGXUDomRPi[LPDGHVVDOLFHQoDSRGHPVHUSUHFLVDGDVGHDFRUGRFRPDOHJLVODomRH
DSUiWLFDQDFLRQDLV
Prestações
Artigo 6.º
'HYHPVHUDVVHJXUDGDVGHDFRUGRFRPDOHJLVODomRQDFLRQDORXTXDOTXHURXWURPRGRFRQIRUPHFRPDSUiWLFD
QDFLRQDOSUHVWDo}HVSHFXQLiULDVjVPXOKHUHVTXHVHDXVHQWHPGRVHXWUDEDOKRSRUFDXVDGDOLFHQoDUHIHULGDQRV
DUWLJRVžRXž
$VSUHVWDo}HVSHFXQLiULDVGHYHPWHUXPYDORUTXHSHUPLWDjPXOKHUSURYHUDRVHXVXVWHQWRHDRGRVHXILOKR
HPERDVFRQGLo}HVGHVD~GHHFRPXPQtYHOGHYLGDFRQYHQLHQWH
6HDOHJLVODomRRXDSUiWLFDQDFLRQDOHVWDEHOHFHUTXHDVSUHVWDo}HVSHFXQLiULDVFRUUHVSRQGHQWHVjOLFHQoDUHIH
ULGD QR DUWLJR ž VHMDP GHWHUPLQDGDV FRP EDVH QR JDQKR DQWHULRU R PRQWDQWH GHVVDV SUHVWDo}HV QmR GHYH VHU
LQIHULRUDGRLVWHUoRVGRJDQKRDQWHULRUGDPXOKHURXGRJDQKRTXHIRUWRPDGRHPFRQWDSDUDRFiOFXORGDVSUHV
WDo}HV
6HDOHJLVODomRRXDSUiWLFDQDFLRQDOHVWDEHOHFHUTXHDVSUHVWDo}HVSHFXQLiULDVFRUUHVSRQGHQWHVjOLFHQoDUHIH
ULGDQRDUWLJRžVHMDPGHWHUPLQDGDVFRPEDVHQRXWURVPpWRGRVRPRQWDQWHGHVVDVSUHVWDo}HVGHYHVHUGDPHV
PDRUGHPGHJUDQGH]DGDTXHOHTXHUHVXOWDUHPPpGLDGDDSOLFDomRGRQ~PHURDQWHULRU
1250$6,17(51$&,21$,6'275$%$/+2
4XDOTXHU0HPEURGHYHJDUDQWLUTXHDVFRQGLo}HVQHFHVViULDVSDUDEHQHILFLDUGDVSUHVWDo}HVSHFXQLiULDVSRV
VDPVHUVDWLVIHLWDVSHODJUDQGHPDLRULDGDVPXOKHUHVDEUDQJLGDVSHODSUHVHQWHFRQYHQomR
6HXPDPXOKHUQmRVDWLVIL]HUDVFRQGLo}HVSUHYLVWDVSHODOHJLVODomRQDFLRQDORXSRUTXDOTXHURXWURPRGRFRQ
IRUPH FRP D SUiWLFD QDFLRQDO SDUD EHQHILFLDU GDV SUHVWDo}HV SHFXQLiULDV WHUi GLUHLWR D SUHVWDo}HV DGHTXDGDV
ILQDQFLDGDVSRUIXQGRVGDDVVLVWrQFLDVRFLDOVREUHVHUYDGDYHULILFDomRGRVUHQGLPHQWRVH[LJLGRVSDUDDDWULEXL
omRGHVWDVSUHVWDo}HV
'HYHP VHU DVVHJXUDGDV SUHVWDo}HV PpGLFDV j PmH H j VXD FULDQoD GH DFRUGR FRP D OHJLVODomR QDFLRQDO RX
TXDOTXHURXWURPRGRFRQIRUPHFRPDSUiWLFDQDFLRQDO$VSUHVWDo}HVPpGLFDVGHYHPFRPSUHHQGHURVFXLGDGRV
SUpQDWDLVRVUHODWLYRVDRSDUWRRVSRVWHULRUHVDRSDUWRHDKRVSLWDOL]DomRVHIRUQHFHVViULD
$ILPGHSURWHJHUDVLWXDomRGDVPXOKHUHVQRPHUFDGRGHWUDEDOKRDVSUHVWDo}HVUHVSHLWDQWHVjOLFHQoDUHIHUL
GDQRVDUWLJRVžHžGHYHPVHUDVVHJXUDGDVDWUDYpVGHXPVHJXURVRFLDOREULJDWyULRRXGHIXQGRVS~EOLFRVRX
GH XP PRGR GHWHUPLQDGR SHOD OHJLVODomR H D SUiWLFD QDFLRQDLV 2 HPSUHJDGRU QmR GHYH VHU FRQVLGHUDGR SHV
VRDOPHQWHUHVSRQViYHOSHORFXVWRGLUHFWRGHTXDOTXHUSUHVWDomRILQDQFHLUDGHVWDQDWXUH]DGHYLGDDXPDPXOKHU
TXHHPSUHJXHVHPRVHXFRQVHQWLPHQWRH[SUHVVRH[FHSWRVH
D (VWLYHUSUHYLVWRQDSUiWLFDRXQDOHJLVODomRHPYLJRUQR(VWDGR0HPEURDQWHVGDDGRSomRGDSUHVHQWH
FRQYHQomRSHOD&RQIHUrQFLD,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKRRX
E )RU SRVWHULRUPHQWH DFRUGDGR D QtYHO QDFLRQDO SHOR JRYHUQR H DV RUJDQL]Do}HV UHSUHVHQWDWLYDV GH
HPSUHJDGRUHVHGHWUDEDOKDGRUHV
Artigo 7.º
4XDOTXHU0HPEURFXMDHFRQRPLDHFXMRVLVWHPDGHVHJXUDQoDVRFLDOVHMDPLQVXILFLHQWHPHQWHGHVHQYROYLGRV
FRQVLGHUDVHTXHFXPSUHRVQžVHGRDUWLJRžVHRYDORUGDVSUHVWDo}HVSHFXQLiULDVIRUSHORPHQRVLJXDODR
GDVSUHVWDo}HVGHGRHQoDRXGHLQFDSDFLGDGHWHPSRUiULDSUHYLVWRSHODOHJLVODomRQDFLRQDO
4XDOTXHU0HPEURTXHVHSUHYDOHoDGDSRVVLELOLGDGHSUHYLVWDQRQ~PHURDQWHULRUGHYHH[SOLFDUDVFRUUHVSRQ
GHQWHVUD]}HVHSUHFLVDURYDORUSHORTXDODVSUHVWDo}HVSHFXQLiULDVVmRSDJDVQRVHXSULPHLURUHODWyULRVREUHD
DSOLFDomR GD FRQYHQomR DSUHVHQWDGR FRP EDVH QR DUWLJR ž GD &RQVWLWXLomR GD 2UJDQL]DomR ,QWHUQDFLRQDO GR
7UDEDOKR1RVVHXVUHODWyULRVXOWHULRUHVR0HPEURGHYHGHVFUHYHUDVPHGLGDVWRPDGDVSDUDDXPHQWDUSURJUHVVL
YDPHQWHHVVHYDORU
Protecção do emprego e não discriminação
Artigo 8.º
eSURLELGRDRHPSUHJDGRUGHVSHGLUXPDPXOKHUGXUDQWHDVXDJUDYLGH]GXUDQWHDOLFHQoDUHIHULGDQRVDUWLJRV
ž RX ž RX GXUDQWH XP SHUtRGR SRVWHULRU DR VHX UHJUHVVR DR WUDEDOKR D GHWHUPLQDU SHOD OHJLVODomR QDFLRQDO
H[FHSWRSRUPRWLYRVQmRUHODFLRQDGRVFRPD JUDYLGH] RQDVFLPHQWRGDFULDQoDHDVVXDVFRQVHTXrQFLDVRXD
DPDPHQWDomR&DEHDRHPSUHJDGRURyQXVGHSURYDUTXHRVPRWLYRVGRGHVSHGLPHQWRQmRVmRUHODFLRQDGRVFRP
DJUDYLGH]RQDVFLPHQWRGDFULDQoDHDVVXDVFRQVHTXrQFLDVRXDDPDPHQWDomR
$ PXOKHU GHYHWHU R GLUHLWR GH UHWRPDUR PHVPR SRVWR GH WUDEDOKR RX XP SRVWR HTXLYDOHQWH FRP D PHVPD
UHPXQHUDomRTXDQGRUHJUHVVDUDRWUDEDOKRQRILQDOGDOLFHQoDSRUPDWHUQLGDGH
Artigo 9.º
4XDOTXHU0HPEURGHYHDGRSWDUPHGLGDVDGHTXDGDVSDUDJDUDQWLUTXHDPDWHUQLGDGHQmRFRQVWLWXDXPDIRQWH
GHGLVFULPLQDomRHPPDWpULDGHHPSUHJRLQFOXLQGRQmRREVWDQWHRGLVSRVWRQRQžGRDUWLJRžRDFHVVRDR
HPSUHJR
$VPHGLGDVUHIHULGDVQRQ~PHURDQWHULRUFRPSUHHQGHPDSURLELomRGHH[LJLUDXPDPXOKHUFDQGLGDWDDXP
SRVWR GH WUDEDOKR TXH VH VXEPHWD D XP WHVWH GH JUDYLGH] RX TXH DSUHVHQWH XP FHUWLILFDGR DWHVWDQGR TXH VH
&DGHUQRV6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRQž
HQFRQWUDRXQmRHPHVWDGRGHJUDYLGH]H[FHSWRVHWDOIRUSUHYLVWRSHODOHJLVODomRQDFLRQDOHPUHODomRDXPWUD
EDOKRTXH
D 6HMDSURLELGRQRWRGRRXHPSDUWHSHODOHJLVODomRQDFLRQDODPXOKHUHVJUiYLGDVRXTXHDPDPHQWDP
RX
E &RPSRUWHXPULVFRUHFRQKHFLGRRXVLJQLILFDWLYRSDUDDVD~GHGDPXOKHUHGDFULDQoD
Mães que amamentam
Artigo 10.º
$ PXOKHU WHP GLUHLWR DXPD RX PDLV SDXVDV SRU GLD RX D XPD UHGXomR GD GXUDomR GR WUDEDOKR GLiULRSDUD
DPDPHQWDURVHXILOKR
2SHUtRGRGXUDQWHRTXDOVmRSHUPLWLGDVDVSDXVDVSDUDDPDPHQWDomRRXDUHGXomRGDGXUDomRGRWUDEDOKR
GLiULRRQ~PHURHDGXUDomRGDVSDXVDVEHPFRPRDVPRGDOLGDGHVGDUHGXomRGDGXUDomRGRWUDEDOKRGLiULR
GHYHP VHU GHWHUPLQDGRV SHOD OHJLVODomRH D SUiWLFD QDFLRQDLV $V SDXVDV RXD UHGXomR GD GXUDomR GR WUDEDOKR
GLiULRGHYHPVHUFRQWDGDVFRPRWHPSRGHWUDEDOKRHUHPXQHUDGDVHPFRQIRUPLGDGH
Exame periódico
Artigo 11.º
4XDOTXHU0HPEURGHYHH[DPLQDUSHULRGLFDPHQWHFRQVXOWDQGRDVRUJDQL]Do}HVUHSUHVHQWDWLYDVGRVHPSUHJDGR
UHVHGRVWUDEDOKDGRUHVDRSRUWXQLGDGHGHDXPHQWDUDGXUDomRGDOLFHQoDSUHYLVWDQRDUWLJRžHGHDXPHQWDUR
PRQWDQWHGDVSUHVWDo}HVSHFXQLiULDVUHIHULGDVQRDUWLJRž
Aplicação
Artigo 12.º
$SUHVHQWHFRQYHQomRGHYHVHUDSOLFDGDPHGLDQWHOHJLVODomRVDOYRQDPHGLGDHPTXHIRUDSOLFDGDSRUTXDOTXHU
RXWURPHLRQRPHDGDPHQWHFRQYHQo}HVFROHFWLYDVGHFLV}HVDUELWUDLVGHFLV}HVMXGLFLDLVRXTXDOTXHURXWURPRGR
FRQIRUPHFRPDSUiWLFDQDFLRQDO
Disposições finais
Artigo 13.º
$SUHVHQWHFRQYHQomRUHYrDFRQYHQomRVREUHDSURWHFomRGDPDWHUQLGDGHUHYLVWD
Artigo 14.º
$VUDWLILFDo}HVIRUPDLVGDSUHVHQWHFRQYHQomRVHUmRFRPXQLFDGDVDR'LUHFWRU*HUDOGD5HSDUWLomR,QWHUQDFLRQDO
GR7UDEDOKRHSRUHVWHUHJLVWDGDV
Artigo 15.º
$SUHVHQWHFRQYHQomRDSHQDVREULJDRV0HPEURVGD2UJDQL]DomR,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKRFXMDUDWLILFDomR
WHQKDVLGRUHJLVWDGDSHOR'LUHFWRU*HUDOGD5HSDUWLomR,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKR
(ODHQWUDUiHPYLJRUGR]HPHVHVGHSRLVGHDVUDWLILFDo}HVGHGRLV0HPEURVWHUHPVLGRUHJLVWDGDVSHOR'LUHF
WRU*HUDO
(PVHJXLGDHVWDFRQYHQomRHQWUDUiHPYLJRUSDUDFDGD0HPEURGR]HPHVHVDSyVDGDWDHPTXHDVXDUDWLIL
FDomRWLYHUVLGRUHJLVWDGD
1250$6,17(51$&,21$,6'275$%$/+2
Artigo 16.º
4XDOTXHU0HPEURTXHWHQKDUDWLILFDGRDSUHVHQWHFRQYHQomRSRGHGHQXQFLiODDSyVXPSHUtRGRGHGH]DQRVD
FRQWDU GD GDWD GD HQWUDGD HP YLJRU LQLFLDO GD FRQYHQomR PHGLDQWH XPD FRPXQLFDomR DR 'LUHFWRU *HUDO GD
5HSDUWLomR,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKRHSRUHVWHUHJLVWDGD$GHQ~QFLDVySURGX]LUiHIHLWRVXPDQRDSyVWHUVLGR
UHJLVWDGD
4XDOTXHU 0HPEUR TXH WHQKD UDWLILFDGR D SUHVHQWH FRQYHQomR H TXH QR SUD]R GH XP DQR DSyV R WHUPR GR
SHUtRGRGHGH]DQRVPHQFLRQDGRQRQ~PHURDQWHULRUQmRIL]HUXVRGDIDFXOGDGHGHGHQ~QFLDSUHYLVWDQRSUHVHQWH
DUWLJRILFDUiYLQFXODGRGXUDQWHXPQRYRSHUtRGRGHGH]DQRVHHPVHJXLGDSRGHUiGHQXQFLDUDSUHVHQWHFRQ
YHQomRQRWHUPRGHFDGDSHUtRGRGHGH]DQRVQDVFRQGLo}HVSUHYLVWDVQRSUHVHQWHDUWLJR
Artigo 17.º
2'LUHFWRU*HUDOGD5HSDUWLomR,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKRQRWLILFDUiWRGRVRV0HPEURVGD2UJDQL]DomR,QWHU
QDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKRGRUHJLVWRGHWRGDVDVUDWLILFDo}HVHGHWRGRVRVDFWRVGHGHQ~QFLDTXHOKHIRUHPFRPXQL
FDGRVSHORV0HPEURVGD2UJDQL]DomR
$RQRWLILFDURV0HPEURVGD2UJDQL]DomRGRUHJLVWRGDVHJXQGDUDWLILFDomRTXHOKHWLYHUVLGRFRPXQLFDGDR
'LUHFWRU*HUDOFKDPDUiDDWHQomRGRV0HPEURVGD2UJDQL]DomRSDUDDGDWDHPTXHDSUHVHQWHFRQYHQomRHQWUDUi
HPYLJRU
Artigo 18.º
2'LUHFWRU*HUDOGD5HSDUWLomR,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKRFRPXQLFDUiDR6HFUHWiULR*HUDOGDV1Do}HV8QLGDV
LQIRUPDo}HVFRPSOHWDVVREUHWRGDVDVUDWLILFDo}HVHWRGRVRVDFWRVGHGHQ~QFLDTXHWLYHUUHJLVWDGRHPFRQIRUPL
GDGHFRPRVDUWLJRVDQWHULRUHVSDUDHIHLWRVGHUHJLVWRGHDFRUGRFRPRDUWLJRžGD&DUWDGDV1Do}HV8QLGDV
Artigo 19.º
6HPSUH TXH R FRQVLGHUDU QHFHVViULR R &RQVHOKR GH $GPLQLVWUDomR GD 5HSDUWLomR ,QWHUQDFLRQDO GR 7UDEDOKR
DSUHVHQWDUij&RQIHUrQFLD*HUDOXPUHODWyULRVREUHDDSOLFDomRGDSUHVHQWHFRQYHQomRHH[DPLQDUiDFRQYHQLrQ
FLDGHLQVFUHYHUQDRUGHPGRGLDGD&RQIHUrQFLDDTXHVWmRGDVXDUHYLVmRWRWDORXSDUFLDO
Artigo 20.º
6HD&RQIHUrQFLDDGRSWDUXPDQRYDFRQYHQomRTXHUHYHMDWRWDORXSDUFLDOPHQWHDSUHVHQWHFRQYHQomRHVDOYR
GLVSRVLomRHPFRQWUiULRGDQRYDFRQYHQomR
D $ UDWLILFDomR SRU XP 0HPEUR GD QRYD FRQYHQomR GH UHYLVmR LPSOLFDUi GH SOHQR GLUHLWR D GHQ~QFLD
LPHGLDWD GD SUHVHQWH FRQYHQomR FRQWDQWR TXH D QRYD FRQYHQomR GH UHYLVmR WHQKD HQWUDGR HP YLJRU
VHPSUHMXt]RGRDUWLJRž
E $SUHVHQWHFRQYHQomRGHL[DUiGHHVWDUDEHUWDjUDWLILFDomRGRV0HPEURVDSDUWLUGDGDWDGHHQWUDGDHP
YLJRUGDQRYDFRQYHQomRGHUHYLVmR
$SUHVHQWHFRQYHQomRFRQWLQXDUiHPYLJRUQDVXDDFWXDOIRUPDHFRQWH~GRSDUDRV0HPEURVTXHDWLYHUHP
UDWLILFDGRHTXHQmRUDWLILFDUHPDFRQYHQomRGHUHYLVmR
Artigo 21.º
$VYHUV}HVIUDQFHVDHLQJOHVDGRWH[WRGDSUHVHQWHFRQYHQomRID]HPLJXDOPHQWHIp
&DGHUQRV6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRQž
Recomendação sobre a infecção VIH e Sida e o mundo do trabalho, 2010
$ &RQIHUrQFLD *HUDO GD 2UJDQL]DomR ,QWHUQDFLRQDO GR 7UDEDOKR &RQYRFDGD SDUD *HQHEUD SHOR &RQVHOKR GH
$GPLQLVWUDomR GD 2UJDQL]DomR ,QWHUQDFLRQDO GR 7UDEDOKR H WHQGRVH UHXQLGR HP GH -XQKR GH QD VXD
QRQDJpVLPDQRQDVHVVmRHREVHUYDQGRTXHR9,+H6LGDWrPXPIRUWHLPSDFWRQDVRFLHGDGHHQDHFRQRPLDQR
PXQGRGRWUDEDOKRQRVVHFWRUHVIRUPDOHLQIRUPDOQRVWUDEDOKDGRUHVQDVVXDVIDPtOLDVHSHVVRDVDFDUJRQDV
RUJDQL]Do}HVGHHPSUHJDGRUHVHGHWUDEDOKDGRUHVHQDVHPSUHVDVS~EOLFDVHSULYDGDVSRQGRHPFDXVDDUHDOL]D
omRGRWUDEDOKRGLJQRHGRGHVHQYROYLPHQWRVXVWHQWiYHOHUHDILUPDQGRDLPSRUWkQFLDGDIXQomRGHVHPSHQKDGD
SHOD2UJDQL]DomR,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKRUHODWLYDDR9,+H6LGDQRPXQGRGRWUDEDOKREHPFRPRDQHFHVVL
GDGHGHTXHD2UJDQL]DomRUHGREUHRVVHXVHVIRUoRVSDUDUHDOL]DUDMXVWLoDVRFLDOHFRPEDWHUDGLVFULPLQDomRH
HVWLJPDWL]DomR UHODFLRQDGDV FRP R 9,+ H 6LGD HP WRGRV RV DVSHFWRV GD VXD DFWLYLGDGH H GR VHX PDQGDWR H
UHFRUGDQGRDLPSRUWkQFLDGHUHGX]LUDHFRQRPLDLQIRUPDOTXHDIHFWDRWUDEDOKRGLJQRHRGHVHQYROYLPHQWRVXV
WHQWiYHO SDUD PHOKRU PRELOL]DU R PXQGR GR WUDEDOKR QD UHVSRVWD DR 9,+ H 6LGD H REVHUYDQGR TXH R HOHYDGR
QtYHOGHGHVLJXDOGDGHVRFLDOHHFRQyPLFDDIDOWDGHLQIRUPDomRHGHVHQVLELOL]DomRDDXVrQFLDGHFRQILGHQFLDOL
GDGHR LQVXILFLHQWH DFHVVR DRWUDWDPHQWR HD QmR DGHVmR FRQWULEXHP SDUD DXPHQWDU RULVFR GHWUDQVPLVVmR GR
9,+RVQtYHLVGHPRUWDOLGDGHRQ~PHURGHFULDQoDVTXHSHUGHUDPXPGRVSURJHQLWRUHVRXDPERVEHPFRPRR
Q~PHURGHWUDEDOKDGRUHVTXHH[HFXWDPWUDEDOKRLQIRUPDOHFRQVLGHUDQGRTXHDSREUH]DDGHVLJXDOGDGHVRFLDOH
HFRQyPLFDHRGHVHPSUHJRDXPHQWDPRULVFRGDGLILFXOGDGHGHDFHVVRjSUHYHQomRDRWUDWDPHQWRDRVFXLGDGRV
HDSRLRDXPHQWDQGRDVVLPRULVFRGHWUDQVPLVVmRHREVHUYDQGRTXHRHVWLJPDDGLVFULPLQDomRHDDPHDoDGD
SHUGD GH HPSUHJR VRIULGRV SHODV SHVVRDV DIHFWDGDV SHOR 9,+ RX 6LGD FRQVWLWXHP REVWiFXORV DR FRQKHFLPHQWR
SHODVPHVPDVGRVHXHVWDGRVHUROyJLFRHPWHUPRVGH9,+DXPHQWDQGRDVVLPDYXOQHUDELOLGDGHGRVWUDEDOKDGR
UHVDR9,+HDIHFWDQGRRVHXGLUHLWRDRVEHQHItFLRVVRFLDLVHQRWDQGRTXHR9,+H6LGDWrPXPLPSDFWRPDLV
JUDYHVREUHRVJUXSRVYXOQHUiYHLVHGHULVFRHUHJLVWDQGRTXHR9,+DIHFWDWDQWRKRPHQVFRPRPXOKHUHVPXLWR
HPERUDDVPXOKHUHVHUDSDULJDVHVWHMDPHPPDLRUULVFRHVHMDPPDLVYXOQHUiYHLVjLQIHFomRSRU9,+GRTXHRV
KRPHQVHVHMDPDIHFWDGDVGHPRGRGHVSURSRUFLRQDGRSRUHVWDSDQGHPLDHPUHVXOWDGRGDGHVLJXDOGDGHGHJpQH
URSHORTXHRUHIRUoRGRVGLUHLWRVGDVPXOKHUHVpXPHOHPHQWRHVVHQFLDOGDUHVSRVWDPXQGLDODR9,+H6LGDH
UHOHPEUDQGRDLPSRUWkQFLDGHSURWHJHURVWUDEDOKDGRUHVDWUDYpVGHSURJUDPDVPXQGLDLVGHVHJXUDQoDHVD~GHQR
WUDEDOKRHUHFRUGDQGRDLPSRUWkQFLDGRFyGLJRGHSUiWLFDVGD2,7&ROHFWkQHDGDV'LUHFWLYDV3UiWLFDVGD2,7
VREUHR9,+VLGDHRPXQGRGRWUDEDOKREHPFRPRDQHFHVVLGDGHGHUHIRUoDURVHXLPSDFWRGDGDDH[LV
WrQFLDGHOLPLWHVHODFXQDVQDVXDH[HFXomRHUHJLVWDQGRDQHFHVVLGDGHGHSURPRYHUHDSOLFDUDVFRQYHQo}HVH
UHFRPHQGDo}HVLQWHUQDFLRQDLVGRWUDEDOKRHRXWURVLQVWUXPHQWRVLQWHUQDFLRQDLVSHUWLQHQWHVHPUHODomRDR9,+H
6LGDHDRPXQGRGRWUDEDOKRLQFOXLQGRDTXHOHVTXHUHFRQKHFHPRGLUHLWRGHEHQHILFLDUGRPHOKRUHVWDGRGHVD~
GHSRVVtYHOHGHFRQGLo}HVGHYLGDGLJQDVHUHFRUGDQGRRSDSHOHVSHFtILFRGDVRUJDQL]Do}HVGHHPSUHJDGRUHVH
GHWUDEDOKDGRUHVQRVHQWLGRGHSURPRYHUHDSRLDURVHVIRUoRVQDFLRQDLVHLQWHUQDFLRQDLVGHVHQYROYLGRVHPUHV
SRVWDDR9,+H6LGDQRPXQGRGRWUDEDOKRHFRQVWDWDQGRRLPSRUWDQWHSDSHOGHVHPSHQKDGRSHORORFDOGHWUDED
OKR QR TXH GL] UHVSHLWR j LQIRUPDomR VREUH R DFHVVR j SUHYHQomR WUDWDPHQWR DVVLVWrQFLD H DSRLR QD UHVSRVWD
QDFLRQDODR9,+H6LGDHDILUPDQGRDQHFHVVLGDGHGHSURVVHJXLUHLQWHQVLILFDUDFRRSHUDomRLQWHUQDFLRQDOHP
HVSHFLDOQRkPELWRGR3URJUDPD&RQMXQWRGDV1Do}HV8QLGDVVREUHR9,+6LGDDILPGHDSRLDURVHVIRUoRVWHQ
GR HP YLVWD D DSOLFDomR GD SUHVHQWH 5HFRPHQGDomR H UHOHPEUDQGR R YDORU GD FRODERUDomR D QtYHO QDFLRQDO
UHJLRQDOHLQWHUQDFLRQDOFRPRVRUJDQLVPRVGHGLFDGRVDR9,+H6LGDQRPHDGDPHQWHFRPRVHFWRUGDVD~GHH
FRPDVRUJDQL]Do}HVSHUWLQHQWHVHVSHFLDOPHQWHDVTXHUHSUHVHQWDPDVSHVVRDVFRP9,+HDILUPDQGRDQHFHVVL
GDGHGHHVWDEHOHFHUXPDQRUPDLQWHUQDFLRQDOGHVWLQDGDDRULHQWDURVJRYHUQRVHDVRUJDQL]Do}HVGHHPSUHJDGR
UHV H WUDEDOKDGRUHV QD GHOLPLWDomR GDV IXQo}HV H FRPSHWrQFLDV D WRGRV RV QtYHLV H WHQGR GHOLEHUDGR VREUH D
DGRSomRGHFHUWDVSURSRVWDVUHODWLYDVDR9,+H6LGDHDRPXQGRGRWUDEDOKRHWHQGRGHWHUPLQDGRTXHHVVDVSUR
SRVWDVWRPDULDPDIRUPDGHXPD5HFRPHQGDomRDGRSWDDRVGH]DVVHWHGH-XQKRGHGRLVPLOHGH]D5HFRPHQ
GDomRTXHVHVHJXHTXHVHUiGHQRPLQDGD³5HFRPHQGDomRVREUH9,+H6LGDGH´
1250$6,17(51$&,21$,6'275$%$/+2
I. Definições
3DUDRVILQVGDSUHVHQWH5HFRPHQGDomRHQWHQGHVHSRU
D ³9,+´RYtUXVGDLPXQRGHILFLrQFLDKXPDQDTXHHQIUDTXHFHRVLVWHPDLPXQLWiULRKXPDQR$LQIHFomR
SRGHVHUSUHYHQLGDDWUDYpVGHPHGLGDVDGHTXDGDV
E ³6LGD´DVtQGURPHGDLPXQRGHILFLrQFLDDGTXLULGDUHVXOWDQWHGDLQIHFomRFRP9,+HPIDVHDYDQoDGDH
TXHVHFDUDFWHUL]DSHORDSDUHFLPHQWRGHLQIHFo}HVRXFDQFURVRSRUWXQLVWDVUHODFLRQDGRVFRPR9,+RX
GHDPERV
F ³SHVVRDVFRP9,+´SHVVRDVLQIHFWDGDVFRP9,+
G ³HVWLJPD´DPDUFDVRFLDOTXHTXDQGRDVVRFLDGDDXPDSHVVRDFDXVDQRUPDOPHQWHDVXDPDUJLQDOL]D
omRRXUHSUHVHQWDXPREVWiFXORDXPYLGDSOHQDHPVRFLHGDGHSRUSDUWHGDSHVVRDLQIHFWDGDRXDIHFWD
GDSHOR9,+
H ³GLVFULPLQDomR´TXDOTXHUGLVWLQomRH[FOXVmRRXSUHIHUrQFLDTXHWHQKDFRPRHIHLWRDQXODURXDOWHUDUD
LJXDOGDGHGHRSRUWXQLGDGHVRXGHWUDWDPHQWRQRHPSUHJRRXQDSURILVVmRWDOFRPRUHIHULGRQD&RQ
YHQomRHQD5HFRPHQGDomRUHODWLYDVj'LVFULPLQDomRQR(PSUHJRHQD3URILVVmRGH
I ³SHVVRDVDIHFWDGDV´DVSHVVRDVFXMDYLGDpDOWHUDGDSHOR9,+RX6LGDGHYLGRDRYDVWRLPSDFWRGDSDQ
GHPLD
J ³DGDSWDomR DGHTXDGD´ TXDOTXHU PRGLILFDomR RX DGDSWDomR GH XP HPSUHJR RX ORFDO GH WUDEDOKR TXH
VHMDUD]RDYHOPHQWHYLiYHOHTXHSHUPLWDDXPDSHVVRDTXHYLYDFRP9,+RX6LGDWHUDFHVVRDRHPSUH
JRHSDUWLFLSDURXSURJUHGLUQRWUDEDOKR
K ³YXOQHUDELOLGDGH´ D GHVLJXDOGDGH GH RSRUWXQLGDGHV D H[FOXVmR VRFLDO R GHVHPSUHJR RX R HPSUHJR
SUHFiULR UHVXOWDQWHV GRV IDFWRUHV VRFLDLV FXOWXUDLV SROtWLFRV H HFRQyPLFRV TXH WRUQDP D SHVVRD PDLV
VXVFHSWtYHOjLQIHFomRSRU9,+HDRGHVHQYROYLPHQWRGH6LGD
L ³ORFDOGHWUDEDOKR´TXDOTXHUORFDORQGHRVWUDEDOKDGRUHVH[HUoDPDVXDDFWLYLGDGH
M ³WUDEDOKDGRU´TXDOTXHUSHVVRDTXHWUDEDOKHVRETXDOTXHUIRUPDRXHPTXDOTXHUPRGDOLGDGH
II. Âmbito de aplicação
$SUHVHQWH5HFRPHQGDomRDEUDQJH
D WRGRVRVWUDEDOKDGRUHVLQGHSHQGHQWHPHQWHGRWLSRRXUHJLPHGHWUDEDOKRRXGRORFDORQGHH[HUFHPD
VXDDFWLYLGDGHSURILVVLRQDOLQFOXLQGR
L DVSHVVRDVTXHH[HUFHPTXDOTXHUHPSUHJRRXSURILVVmR
LL DVSHVVRDVHPIDVHGHIRUPDomRLQFOXLQGRRVHVWDJLiULRVHDSUHQGL]HV
LLLRVYROXQWiULRV
LYDVSHVVRDVTXHSURFXUDPWUDEDOKRHRVFDQGLGDWRVDHPSUHJR
Y RVWUDEDOKDGRUHVDIDVWDGRVGDVVXDVIXQo}HVRXVXVSHQVRV
E WRGRVRVVHFWRUHVGDDFWLYLGDGHHFRQyPLFDLQFOXLQGRRVVHFWRUHVSULYDGRHS~EOLFRHDHFRQRPLDIRU
PDOHLQIRUPDOH
F DVIRUoDVDUPDGDVHPLOLWDUL]DGDV
III. Princípios gerais
2V SULQFtSLRV JHUDLV VHJXLQWHV GHYHP DSOLFDUVH D WRGDV DV DFo}HV GHVHQYROYLGDV QR kPELWR GDV PHGLGDV
QDFLRQDLVGHFRPEDWHDR9,+H6LGDQRPXQGRGRWUDEDOKR
D DUHVSRVWDDR9,+H6LGDGHYHVHUUHFRQKHFLGDSHORVHXFRQWULEXWRSDUDDUHDOL]DomRGRVGLUHLWRVKXPD
QRVHGDVOLEHUGDGHVIXQGDPHQWDLVHGDLJXDOGDGHGHJpQHURSDUDWRGRVLQFOXLQGRRVWUDEDOKDGRUHVDV
VXDVIDPtOLDVHSHVVRDVDFDUJR
&DGHUQRV6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRQž
E R9,+H6LGDGHYHPVHUUHFRQKHFLGRVHWUDWDGRVFRPRXPDTXHVWmRTXHDIHFWDRORFDOGHWUDEDOKRD
TXDOGHYHILJXUDUHQWUHRVHOHPHQWRVHVVHQFLDLVGDUHVSRVWDQDFLRQDOUHJLRQDOHLQWHUQDFLRQDOjSDQGH
PLDPHGLDQWHDSOHQDSDUWLFLSDomRGDVRUJDQL]Do}HVGHHPSUHJDGRUHVHGHWUDEDOKDGRUHV
F QmR GHYHP VHU H[HUFLGDV GLVFULPLQDo}HV QHP HVWLJPDWL]Do}HV GH WUDEDOKDGRUHVHP HVSHFLDO GDV SHV
VRDV TXH SURFXUDP WUDEDOKR RX GRV FDQGLGDWRV D HPSUHJR HP IXQomR GR VHX HVWDWXWR 9,+ UHDO RX
VXSRVWRRXSHORIDFWRGHSHUWHQFHUHPDUHJL}HVGRPXQGRRXDVHJPHQWRVGDSRSXODomRFRQVLGHUDGRV
FRPRHVWDQGRPDLVH[SRVWRVRXYXOQHUiYHLVjLQIHFomRGH9,+
G DSUHYHQomRGHWRGRVRVPRGRVGHWUDQVPLVVmRGR9,+GHYHVHUXPDSULRULGDGHIXQGDPHQWDO
H RVWUDEDOKDGRUHVDVVXDVIDPtOLDVHSHVVRDVDFDUJRGHYHPWHUDFHVVRHSRGHUEHQHILFLDUGDSUHYHQomR
WUDWDPHQWR DVVLVWrQFLD H DSRLRHP UHODomR DR 9,+ H 6LGD H RORFDO GHWUDEDOKR GHYH FRQWULEXLU SDUD
IDFLOLWDURDFHVVRDHVVHVVHUYLoRV
I DSDUWLFLSDomRHRHPSHQKRGRVWUDEDOKDGRUHVQDFRQFHSomRH[HFXomRHDYDOLDomRGRVSURJUDPDVDGRS
WDGRVDQtYHOQDFLRQDOHQRORFDOGHWUDEDOKRGHYHPVHUUHFRQKHFLGRVHUHIRUoDGRV
J RVWUDEDOKDGRUHVGHYHPEHQHILFLDUGHSURJUDPDVGHVWLQDGRVDSUHYHQLUULVFRVHVSHFtILFRVGHWUDQVPLV
VmR QR kPELWR GD SURILVVmR GR 9,+ H GDV GRHQoDV WUDQVPLVVtYHLV TXH OKH HVWmR DVVRFLDGDV FRPR D
WXEHUFXORVH
K RVWUDEDOKDGRUHVDVVXDVIDPtOLDVHVHXVGHSHQGHQWHVGHYHPEHQHILFLDUGDSURWHFomRGDVXDSULYDFLGD
GHLQFOXLQGRDFRQILGHQFLDOLGDGHUHODFLRQDGDFRPR9,+H6LGDHVSHFLDOPHQWHQRTXHVHUHIHUHDRVHX
SUySULRHVWDWXWR9,+
L QHQKXPWUDEDOKDGRUGHYHVHUREULJDGRDVXEPHWHUVHDXPWHVWHGH9,+QHPDUHYHODURVHXHVWDWXWR
9,+H
M DVPHGLGDVUHODWLYDVDR9,+H6LGDQRPXQGRGRWUDEDOKRGHYHPID]HUSDUWHGDVSROtWLFDVHSURJUDPDV
QDFLRQDLV GH GHVHQYROYLPHQWR LQFOXLQGR RV UHODFLRQDGRV FRP R WUDEDOKR D HGXFDomR D SURWHFomR
VRFLDOHDVD~GH
N GHYHVHUDVVHJXUDGDSURWHFomRDRVWUDEDOKDGRUHVTXHQRkPELWRGDVXDSURILVVmRHVWmRSDUWLFXODUPHQWH
H[SRVWRVDRULVFRGDWUDQVPLVVmRGR9,+
IV. Políticas e programas nacionais
2V0HPEURVGHYHUmR
D DGRSWDUSROtWLFDVHSURJUDPDVQDFLRQDLVHPPDWpULDGH9,+H6LGDHUHODWLYDPHQWHDRPXQGRGRWUD
EDOKRHjVHJXUDQoDHVD~GHQRWUDEDOKRFDVRQmRH[LVWDPH
E LQWHJUDUDVVXDVSROtWLFDVHSURJUDPDVVREUH9,+H6LGDHRPXQGRGRWUDEDOKRHPSODQRVGHGHVHQYRO
YLPHQWRHHVWUDWpJLDVGHUHGXomRGDSREUH]DLQFOXLQGRHVWUDWpJLDVSDUDRWUDEDOKRGLJQRHSDUDHPSUH
VDVVXVWHQWiYHLVEHPFRPRQDVHVWUDWpJLDVJHUDGRUDVGHUHQGLPHQWRVFRQIRUPHDGHTXDGR
1DHODERUDomRGDVSROtWLFDVHSURJUDPDVQDFLRQDLVDVDXWRULGDGHVFRPSHWHQWHVGHYHPWHUHPFRQWDRFyGLJR
GHERDVSUiWLFDVGD2,7VREUH9,+6LGDGHEHPFRPRDVVXDVSRVWHULRUHVUHYLV}HVRXWURVLQVWUXPHQWRV
UHOHYDQWHVGD2UJDQL]DomR,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKRHRXWUDVRULHQWDo}HVLQWHUQDFLRQDLVDGRSWDGDVQHVWHGRPt
QLR
$VSROtWLFDVHSURJUDPDVQDFLRQDLVGHYHPVHUGHVHQYROYLGRVSHODVDXWRULGDGHVFRPSHWHQWHVPHGLDQWHFRQVXOWD
GDVRUJDQL]Do}HVPDLVUHSUHVHQWDWLYDVGRVHPSUHJDGRUHVHWUDEDOKDGRUHVEHPFRPRGDVRUJDQL]Do}HVUHSUHVHQ
WDWLYDVGDVSHVVRDVDIHFWDGDVSHOR9,+WHQGRHPFRQWDRVSDUHFHUHVGRVVHFWRUHVSHUWLQHQWHVHVSHFLDOPHQWHGR
VHFWRUGDVD~GH
1DFRQFHSomRGDVSROtWLFDVHSURJUDPDVDQtYHOQDFLRQDODVDXWRULGDGHVFRPSHWHQWHVGHYHPWHUHP FRQWDD
IXQomRGRORFDOGHWUDEDOKRQDSUHYHQomRWUDWDPHQWRDVVLVWrQFLDHDSRLRQRPHDGDPHQWHSURPRYHQGRFRQVHOKRV
HUDVWUHLRVDWtWXORYROXQWiULRHPFRODERUDomRFRPDVFRPXQLGDGHVORFDLV
1250$6,17(51$&,21$,6'275$%$/+2
2V0HPEURVGHYHPDSURYHLWDUWRGDVDVRSRUWXQLGDGHVSDUDGLIXQGLULQIRUPDo}HVVREUHDVSROtWLFDVHSURJUD
PDVDGRSWDGRVHPPDWpULDGH9,+H6LGDHRPXQGRGRWUDEDOKRDWUDYpVGDVRUJDQL]Do}HVGHHPSUHJDGRUHVHGH
WUDEDOKDGRUHVGHRXWUDVHQWLGDGHVFRPSHWHQWHVSDUDR9,+H6LGDHGRVyUJmRVGHFRPXQLFDomRVRFLDO
Discriminação e promoção da igualdade de oportunidades e de tratamento
$SyVFRQVXOWDGDVRUJDQL]Do}HVPDLVUHSUHVHQWDWLYDVGRVHPSUHJDGRUHVHWUDEDOKDGRUHVRVJRYHUQRVGHYHP
SRQGHUDU D FRQFHVVmR GH XPD SURWHFomR VHPHOKDQWH j SUHYLVWD SHOD &RQYHQomR UHODWLYD j 'LVFULPLQDomR QR
(PSUHJRHQD3URILVVmRGHDILPGHLPSHGLUDGLVFULPLQDomRFRPEDVHQRHVWDWXWR9,+TXHUVHMDUHDORX
VXSRVWR
2HVWDWXWR9,+TXHUVHMDUHDORXSUHVXPLGRQmRGHYHVHUXPPRWLYRGHGLVFULPLQDomRTXHLPSHoDRUHFUX
WDPHQWR RX D PDQXWHQomR GR HPSUHJR QHP D SURFXUD GD LJXDOGDGH GH RSRUWXQLGDGHV SUHYLVWD QD &RQYHQomR
UHODWLYDj'LVFULPLQDomRQR(PSUHJRHQD3URILVVmRGH
2HVWDWXWR9,+UHDORXVXSRVWRQmRGHYHVHUFDXVDGHGHVSHGLPHQWR$DXVrQFLDWHPSRUiULDGRWUDEDOKRSRU
PRWLYRVGHGRHQoDRXGHDVVLVWrQFLDDGRHQWHVDWLQJLGRVSHOR9,+H6LGDGHYHVHUWUDWDGDFRPRTXDOTXHUDXVrQ
FLDSRUPRWLYRVGHVD~GHWHQGRHPFRQWDD&RQYHQomRVREUHD&HVVDomRGD5HODomRGH7UDEDOKRGH
4XDQGRDVPHGLGDVH[LVWHQWHV FRQWUDDGLVFULPLQDomRQRORFDOGHWUDEDOKRQmRIRUHPDGHTXDGDVSDUDXPD
SURWHFomR HIHFWLYD FRQWUDD GLVFULPLQDomR IDFH DR9,+ H 6LGD RV0HPEURV GHYHUmR DGDSWDUHVWDV PHGLGDV RX
UHFRUUHUDQRYDVVROXo}HVDVVHJXUDQGRDVXDH[HFXomRHIHFWLYDHWUDQVSDUHQWH
$VSHVVRDVTXHWrPGRHQoDVUHODFLRQDGDVFRPR9,+QmRGHYHPVHUSULYDGDVGDSRVVLELOLGDGHGHFRQWLQXD
UHPDH[HUFHUDVVXDVIXQo}HVFRPDGDSWDo}HVUD]RiYHLVVHQHFHVViULRHQTXDQWRHVWLYHUHPFOLQLFDPHQWHDSWDV
SDUDDVVXPLUHVVDVIXQo}HV 'HYHPVHULQFHQWLYDGDVPHGLGDVWHQGRHPYLVWDDUHDIHFWDomRGHVVDVSHVVRDVSDUD
HPSUHJRVUD]RDYHOPHQWHDGDSWDGRVjVVXDVDSWLG}HVTXHOKHVSHUPLWDPHQFRQWUDURXWURWUDEDOKRDWUDYpVGHXPD
IRUPDomRRXTXHIDFLOLWHPRVHXUHJUHVVRDRWUDEDOKRWHQGRHPFRQWDRVLQVWUXPHQWRVDSOLFiYHLVGD2UJDQL]DomR
,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKRHGDV1Do}HV8QLGDV
'HYHUmRVHUDGRSWDGDVPHGLGDVQRORFDOGHWUDEDOKRRXSRULQWHUPpGLRGHVWHFRPYLVWDDUHGX]LUDWUDQVPLV
VmRGR9,+HDWHQXDURVHXLPSDFWR(VWDVPHGLGDVGHYHPSDVVDUSRU
D JDUDQWLURUHVSHLWRGRVGLUHLWRVKXPDQRVHGDVOLEHUGDGHVIXQGDPHQWDLV
E JDUDQWLUDLJXDOGDGHGHJpQHURHRUHIRUoRGRVGLUHLWRVGDVPXOKHUHV
F SURPRYHUDFo}HVTXHSUHYLQDPHSURtEDPDYLROrQFLDHRDVVpGLRQRORFDOGHWUDEDOKR
G LQFHQWLYDUDSDUWLFLSDomRDFWLYDGRVWUDEDOKDGRUHVGHDPERVRVVH[RVQDOXWDFRQWUDR9,+H6LGD
H SURPRYHU D SDUWLFLSDomR HFDSDFLWDomR GH WRGRV RVWUDEDOKDGRUHV TXDOTXHU TXHVHMDD VXD RULHQWDomR
VH[XDOHTXHUSHUWHQoDPRXQmRDXPJUXSRYXOQHUiYHO
I SURPRYHUDSURWHFomRGDVD~GHVH[XDOHUHSURGXWLYDHRVGLUHLWRVVH[XDLVHUHSURGXWLYRVGDVPXOKHUHVH
GRVKRPHQV
J JDUDQWLUDHIHFWLYDFRQILGHQFLDOLGDGHGRVGDGRVSHVVRDLVQRPHDGDPHQWHGRVGDGRVPpGLFRV
Prevenção
$VHVWUDWpJLDVGHSUHYHQomRGHYHPVHUDGDSWDGDVjVFLUFXQVWkQFLDVQDFLRQDLVHDRWLSRGHORFDOGHWUDEDOKRH
GHYHPWHUHPFRQWDRVIDFWRUHVGHJpQHURFXOWXUDLVVRFLDLVHHFRQyPLFRV
2VSURJUDPDVGHSUHYHQomRGHYHPDVVHJXUDU
&DGHUQRV6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRQž
D D GLVSRQLELOL]DomR HR DFHVVR DWRGRV GHLQIRUPDo}HV FRUUHFWDV DFWXDOL]DGDV SHUWLQHQWHV H RSRUWXQDV
QXPIRUPDWRHOLQJXDJHPDGDSWDGRVDRFRQWH[WRFXOWXUDODWUDYpVGRVGLIHUHQWHVPHLRVGHFRPXQLFDomR
GLVSRQtYHLV
E SURJUDPDV HGXFDWLYRV JHQHUDOL]DGRV GHVWLQDGRV D DMXGDU DV PXOKHUHV H RV KRPHQV D FRPSUHHQGHU H
UHGX]LURVULVFRVDVVRFLDGRVDWRGRVRVPRGRVGHWUDQVPLVVmRGR9,+LQFOXLQGRDWUDQVPLVVmRGHPmH
SDUDILOKRHDFRPSUHHQGHUDLPSRUWkQFLDGHPXGDURVFRPSRUWDPHQWRVGHULVFRUHODFLRQDGRVFRPD
LQIHFomR
F PHGLGDVHILFD]HVGHVD~GHHVHJXUDQoDQRWUDEDOKR
G PHGLGDVGHLQFHQWLYRDRVWUDEDOKDGRUHVSDUDTXHFRQKHoDPDVXDFRQGLomR9,+DWUDYpVGHDFRQVHOKD
PHQWRHUHDOL]DomRGHWHVWHVYROXQWiULRV
H DFHVVRDWRGRVRVPHLRVGHSUHYHQomRJDUDQWLQGRDGLVSRQLELOLGDGHGRVUHFXUVRVQHFHVViULRVSDUDHVVH
ILPFRPRSUHVHUYDWLYRVPDVFXOLQRVHIHPLQLQRVHVHQHFHVViULRRDFHVVRDLQIRUPDo}HVVREUHDVXD
FRUUHFWDXWLOL]DomREHPFRPRDGLVSRQLELOLGDGHGHXPDSURILOD[LDSyVH[SRVLomR
I PHGLGDVHILFD]HVGHVWLQDGDVDUHGX]LURVFRPSRUWDPHQWRVGHDOWRULVFRVHPHVTXHFHURVJUXSRVPDLV
H[SRVWRVDRULVFRDILPGHGLPLQXLUDLQFLGrQFLDGR9,+
J HVWUDWpJLDV GH UHGXomR GRV ULVFRV EDVHDGDV HP RULHQWDo}HV SXEOLFDGDV SHOD 2UJDQL]DomR 0XQGLDO GH
6D~GH206R3URJUDPD&RQMXQWRGDV1Do}HV8QLGDVVREUH9,+6LGD2186,'$HR*DELQHWHGDV
1Do}HV8QLGDVFRQWUDD'URJDHR&ULPH812'&EHPFRPRQRXWUDVGLUHFWUL]HVSHUWLQHQWHV
Tratamento e assistência
2V0HPEURVGHYHPJDUDQWLUTXHDVVXDVSROtWLFDVHSURJUDPDVQDFLRQDLVSDUDDVLQWHUYHQo}HVVDQLWiULDVQR
ORFDOGHWUDEDOKRVHMDPGHWHUPLQDGRVDSyVFRQVXOWDGRVHPSUHJDGRUHVHWUDEDOKDGRUHVHGRVVHXVUHSUHVHQWDQWHV
HDUWLFXODGRVFRPRVVHUYLoRVS~EOLFRVGHVD~GH'HYHUmRSURSRUFLRQDURFRQMXQWRPDLVDPSORSRVVtYHOGHLQWHU
YHQo}HVDGHTXDGDVHHILFD]HVDILHSUHYHQLUR9,+H6LGDHFRQWURODURVHXLPSDFWR
2V0HPEURVGHYHPJDUDQWLUTXHRVWUDEDOKDGRUHVFRP9,+HDVSHVVRDVDVHXFDUJREHQHILFLHPGRSOHQR
DFHVVRDRVFXLGDGRVGHVD~GHTXHUHVWHVVHMDPSUHVWDGRVQRkPELWRGRVVLVWHPDVGHVD~GHS~EOLFDGDVHJXUDQoD
VRFLDOGHVHJXURVSULYDGRVRXGHRXWURVUHJLPHV2V0HPEURVGHYHPLJXDOPHQWHYHODUSHODHGXFDomRHVHQVLEL
OL]DomRGRVWUDEDOKDGRUHVDILPGHOKHVIDFLOLWDURDFHVVRDRVFXLGDGRVGHVD~GH
7RGDVDVSHVVRDVDEUDQJLGDVSHODSUHVHQWH5HFRPHQGDomRLQFOXLQGRRVWUDEDOKDGRUHVFRP9,+EHPFRPR
DVVXDVIDPtOLDVHSHVVRDVDFDUJRGHYHPWHUGLUHLWRDVHUYLoRVGHVD~GH(VVHVVHUYLoRVGHYHPLQFOXLURDFHVVR
JUDWXLWRRXDSUHoRUD]RiYHOD
D $FRQVHOKDPHQWRHWHVWHVFRPFDUiFWHUYROXQWiULR
E WUDWDPHQWRDQWLUHWURYtULFREHPFRPRHGXFDomRLQIRUPDomRHDSRLRQDREVHUYkQFLDGHVVHVWUDWDPHQ
WRV
F QXWULomRDGHTXDGDFRPSDWtYHOFRPRWUDWDPHQWR
G WUDWDPHQWRGDVLQIHFo}HVRSRUWXQLVWDVHGDVLQIHFo}HVVH[XDOPHQWHWUDQVPLWLGDVHGHTXDLVTXHURXWUDV
GRHQoDVUHODFLRQDGDVFRPR9,+HPHVSHFLDODWXEHUFXORVHH
H SURJUDPDVGHDSRLRHSUHYHQomRLQFOXLQGRDSRLRSVLFRVVRFLDOSDUDDVSHVVRDVFRP9,+
2VWUDEDOKDGRUHVHDVSHVVRDVDVHXFDUJRQmRGHYHPVHUDOYRGHGLVFULPLQDomRIXQGDGDQRVHXHVWDGRVHUR
OyJLFR UHDO RX VXSRVWR QR DFHVVR DRV VLVWHPDV GD VHJXUDQoD VRFLDO H DRV UHJLPHV GH VHJXUR GH VD~GH RX HP
UHODomRjVSUHVWDo}HVGHFRUUHQWHVGHVVHVUHJLPHVQRPHDGDPHQWHQRTXHVHUHIHUHjVSUHVWDo}HVGHVD~GHLQYDOL
GH]PRUWHHVREUHYLYrQFLD
1250$6,17(51$&,21$,6'275$%$/+2
Apoio
2VSURJUDPDVGHDVVLVWrQFLDHDSRLRGHYHPLQFOXLUPHGLGDVGHDGDSWDomRDGHTXDGDQRORFDOGHWUDEDOKRSDUD
DVSHVVRDVTXHYLYHPFRPR9,+RXFRPGRHQoDVUHODFLRQDGDVFRPR9,+WHQGRHPFRQWDDVFLUFXQVWkQFLDV
QDFLRQDLV 2 WUDEDOKR GHYH VHU RUJDQL]DGR GH IRUPD D WHU HP FRQWD R FDUiFWHU HSLVyGLFR GR 9,+ H 6LGD EHP
FRPRRVSRVVtYHLVHIHLWRVVHFXQGiULRVGRWUDWDPHQWR
2V 0HPEURV GHYHP SURPRYHU D UHWHQomR QR WUDEDOKR H R UHFUXWDPHQWR GDV SHVVRDV FRP 9,+ 'HYHUmR
LJXDOPHQWHSRQGHUDUDSRVVLELOLGDGHGHFRQWLQXDUDSUHVWDUDSRLRGXUDQWHRVSHUtRGRVGHHPSUHJRHGHVHPSUHJR
LQFOXLQGRVHQHFHVViULRRSRUWXQLGDGHVJHUDGRUDVGHUHQGLPHQWRVDSHVVRDVFRP9,+RXSHVVRDVDIHFWDGDVSHOR
9,+RX6LGD
6HPSUHTXHIRUSRVVtYHOHVWDEHOHFHUXPDOLJDomRGLUHFWDHQWUHXPDSURILVVmRHRULVFRGHLQIHFomRSRU9,+
GHYHPVHUUHFRQKHFLGRVFRPRGRHQoDSURILVVLRQDORXDFLGHQWHGHWUDEDOKRHP FRQIRUPLGDGHFRPRVSURFHGL
PHQWRV H GHILQLo}HV QDFLRQDLV H WHQGR HP FRQWD D 5HFRPHQGDomR VREUH D /LVWD GH 'RHQoDV 3URILVVLRQDLV GH
EHPFRPRRXWURVLQVWUXPHQWRVSHUWLQHQWHVGD2UJDQL]DomR,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKR
7HVWHVSULYDFLGDGHHFRQILGHQFLDOLGDGH
$UHDOL]DomRGHWHVWHVGHYHVHUYHUGDGHLUDPHQWHYROXQWiULDHLVHQWDGHTXDOTXHUFRDFomRHRVSURJUDPDVGH
UDVWUHLRGHYHPUHVSHLWDUDVRULHQWDo}HVLQWHUQDFLRQDLVVREUHFRQILGHQFLDOLGDGHDFRQVHOKDPHQWRHFRQVHQWLPHQWR
2VWUDEDOKDGRUHVLQFOXLQGRRVWUDEDOKDGRUHVPLJUDQWHVDVSHVVRDVjSURFXUDGHWUDEDOKRHRVFDQGLGDWRVD
HPSUHJRQmRGHYHPVHUREULJDGRVDVXEPHWHUVHDXPWHVWHRXDRXWUDVIRUPDVGHUDVWUHLRGR9,+
2VUHVXOWDGRVGRVWHVWHVGH9,+GHYHPVHUFRQILGHQFLDLVHQmRFRPSURPHWHURDFHVVRDRHPSUHJRjFRQWL
QXLGDGHQRWUDEDOKRjVHJXUDQoDQRHPSUHJRRXjVRSRUWXQLGDGHVGHSURJUHVVmR
2VWUDEDOKDGRUHVLQFOXLQGRRVWUDEDOKDGRUHVPLJUDQWHVDVSHVVRDVjSURFXUDGHWUDEDOKRHRVFDQGLGDWRVD
HPSUHJRQmRGHYHPVHUREULJDGRVSHORVSDtVHVGHRULJHPGHWUkQVLWRRXGHGHVWLQRDUHYHODULQIRUPDo}HVTXH
GLJDPUHVSHLWRVLSUySULDVRXDRXWUDVSHVVRDVUHODWLYDPHQWHDR9,+2DFHVVRDHVVDVLQIRUPDo}HVGHYHUHJHUVH
SRUQRUPDVGHFRQILGHQFLDOLGDGHFRPSDWtYHLVFRPRFyGLJRGHSUiWLFDVGD2,7VREUHDSURWHFomRGRVGDGRVSHV
VRDLVGRVWUDEDOKDGRUHVGHHFRPRXWUDVQRUPDVLQWHUQDFLRQDLVSHUWLQHQWHVVREUHSURWHFomRGHGDGRV
2VWUDEDOKDGRUHVPLJUDQWHVRXRVWUDEDOKDGRUHVTXHGHVHMHPPLJUDUSRUPRWLYRVGHHPSUHJRQmRGHYHPVHU
LPSHGLGRVGHRID]HUSHORVSDtVHVGHRULJHPGHWUkQVLWRRXGHGHVWLQRGHYLGRDRVHXUHDORXVXSRVWRHVWDWXWR
9,+
2V0HPEURVGHYHPDGRSWDUSURFHGLPHQWRVGHUHVROXomRGHFRQIOLWRVIDFLOPHQWHDFHVVtYHLVTXHSURWHMDPRV
WUDEDOKDGRUHVHPFDVRGHYLRODomRGRVVHXVGLUHLWRVDFLPDUHIHULGRV
6HJXUDQoDHVD~GHQRWUDEDOKR
2DPELHQWHGHWUDEDOKRGHYHVHUVHJXURHVDXGiYHODILPGHSUHYHQLUDWUDQVPLVVmRGR9,+QRORFDOGHWUDED
OKRWHQGRHPFRQWDD&RQYHQomRH5HFRPHQGDomRVREUH6HJXUDQoDH6D~GHQR7UDEDOKRGHD&RQYHQomR
H5HFRPHQGDomRVREUHR4XDGUR3URPRFLRQDOSDUDD6HJXUDQoDH6D~GHQR7UDEDOKRGHEHPFRPRRXWURV
LQVWUXPHQWRVLQWHUQDFLRQDLVUHOHYDQWHVFRPRRVGRFXPHQWRVFRQMXQWRVGHRULHQWDomRGD2UJDQL]DomR,QWHUQDFLR
QDOGR7UDEDOKRHGD206
&DGHUQRV6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRQž
$VPHGLGDVGHVHJXUDQoDHVD~GHGHVWLQDGDVDSUHYHQLUDH[SRVLomRGRVWUDEDOKDGRUHVDR9,+QRORFDOGH
WUDEDOKRGHYHPLQFOXLUPHGLGDVXQLYHUVDLVGHSUHFDXomRHGHSUHYHQomRGHDFLGHQWHVHULVFRVWDLVFRPRPHGLGDV
RUJDQL]DWLYDV PHGLGDV WpFQLFDV H PpWRGRV GH WUDEDOKR SUHYHQWLYRV HTXLSDPHQWRV GH SURWHFomR LQGLYLGXDO VH
QHFHVViULRPHGLGDVGHFRQWURORGRDPELHQWHGHWUDEDOKRPHGLGDVGHSURILOD[LDSyVH[SRVLomRHRXWUDVPHGLGDV
GH VHJXUDQoD GHVWLQDGDV D PLQLPL]DU R ULVFR GH FRQWUDLU 9,+ H WXEHUFXORVH HVSHFLDOPHQWH QDV SURILVV}HV GH
PDLRUULVFRLQFOXLQGRRVHFWRUGDVD~GH
4XDQGRH[LVWDQRWUDEDOKRDSRVVLELOLGDGHGHH[SRVLomRDR9,+RVWUDEDOKDGRUHVGHYHPUHFHEHULQIRUPDomR
HIRUPDomRQHFHVViULDVVREUHRVPRGRVGHWUDQVPLVVmRHDVPHGLGDVGHVWLQDGDVDSUHYHQLUDH[SRVLomRjLQIHF
omR2V0HPEURVGHYHPDGRSWDUPHGLGDVGHVWLQDGDVDJDUDQWLUTXHDSUHYHQomRVHJXUDQoDHVD~GHVHMDPDVVH
JXUDGDVQRVWHUPRVGDVQRUPDVDSOLFiYHLV
$VPHGLGDVGHVHQVLELOL]DomRGHYHPVDOLHQWDURIDFWRGHR9,+QmRVHUWUDQVPLWLGRSHORVLPSOHVFRQWDFWR
ItVLFRHGHDSUHVHQoDGHXPDSHVVRDFRP9,+QmRFRQVWLWXLUXPULVFRQRORFDOGHWUDEDOKR
2VVHUYLoRVGHVD~GHQRWUDEDOKRHRVPHFDQLVPRVH[LVWHQWHVQRORFDOGHWUDEDOKRUHODFLRQDGRVFRPDVHJX
UDQoDHVD~GHQRWUDEDOKRGHYHPDERUGDUDTXHVWmRGR9,+H6LGDWHQGRHPFRQWDD&RQYHQomRH5HFRPHQGDomR
VREUHRV6HUYLoRVGH6D~GHQR7UDEDOKRGHDV'LUHFWUL]HVFRQMXQWDV2,7206VREUHRVVHUYLoRVGHVD~GH
HDLQIHFomR9,+6LGDEHPFRPRTXDOTXHUUHYLVmRSRVWHULRUHRXWURVLQVWUXPHQWRVLQWHUQDFLRQDLVSHUWLQHQWHV
Crianças e jovens
2V0HPEURV GHYHP DGRSWDU PHGLGDV GH FRPEDWH DR WUDEDOKR LQIDQWLOH DRWUiILFR GH FULDQoDV TXH SRVVDP
UHVXOWDU GD PRUWH RXGRHQoD FRP 6LGD GRV IDPLOLDUHV RX FXLGDGRUHV HD ILP GH UHGX]LU D YXOQHUDELOLGDGHGDV
FULDQoDVDR9,+WHQGRHPFRQWDD'HFODUDomRGD2,7UHODWLYDDRV3ULQFtSLRVH'LUHLWRV)XQGDPHQWDLVQR7UDED
OKR GH D &RQYHQomR H 5HFRPHQGDomR VREUH ,GDGH 0tQLPD GH H D &RQYHQomR H 5HFRPHQGDomR
VREUH DV 3LRUHV )RUPDV GH 7UDEDOKR ,QIDQWLO GH 'HYHP VHU DGRSWDGDV PHGLGDV HVSHFLDLV SDUD SURWHJHU
HVVDVFULDQoDVGRVDEXVRVVH[XDLVHGDH[SORUDomRVH[XDO
2V 0HPEURV GHYHP ODQoDU PHGLGDV GHVWLQDGDV D SURWHJHU RV WUDEDOKDGRUHV MRYHQV GD LQIHFomR SRU 9,+ H
LQFOXLUDVQHFHVVLGDGHVHVSHFtILFDVGDVFULDQoDVHGRVMRYHQVQDVHVWUDWpJLDVGHOXWDFRQWUDR9,+HD6LGDLQWH
JUDGDVQDVSROtWLFDVHSURJUDPDVQDFLRQDLV(VWDVPHGLGDVGHYHPLQFOXLUXPDHGXFDomRREMHFWLYDHPPDWHULDOGH
VD~GH VH[XDO HUHSURGXWLYD HP SDUWLFXODU D GLYXOJDomR GHLQIRUPDo}HVVREUH9,+ H 6LGD DWUDYpV GDIRUPDomR
SURILVVLRQDOHQRVSURJUDPDVHVHUYLoRVSDUDRHPSUHJRGRVMRYHQV
V. Implementação
$VSROtWLFDVHSURJUDPDVQDFLRQDLVUHODWLYRVDR9,+H6LGDHDRPXQGRGRWUDEDOKRGHYHUmR
D VHULPSOHPHQWDGDPHGLDQWHFRQVXOWDGDVRUJDQL]Do}HVGHHPSUHJDGRUHVHWUDEDOKDGRUHVPDLVUHSUHVHQ
WDWLYDV H GH RXWUDV SDUWHV LQWHUHVVDGDV LQFOXLQGR DV HVWUXWXUDV S~EOLFDV H SULYDGDV FRPSHWHQWHV QR
GRPtQLRGDVD~GHQRWUDEDOKRDWUDYpVGHXPRXYiULRVGRVPHLRVVHJXLQWHV
L OHJLVODomRQDFLRQDO
LL FRQYHQo}HVFROHFWLYDV
LLLSROtWLFDVHSURJUDPDVGHDFomRjHVFDODQDFLRQDOHGRORFDOGHWUDEDOKR
LYHVWUDWpJLDVVHFWRULDLVFRPHVSHFLDOLQFLGrQFLDQRVVHFWRUHVHPTXHDVSHVVRDVDEUDQJLGDVSHODSUH
VHQWH5HFRPHQGDomRHVWmRPDLVH[SRVWDVDRULVFR
1250$6,17(51$&,21$,6'275$%$/+2
E DVVRFLDUDVDXWRULGDGHVMXGLFLDLVFRPSHWHQWHVHPPDWpULDGHWUDEDOKREHPFRPRDDGPLQLVWUDomRODER
UDODRSODQHDPHQWRHLPSOHPHQWDomRGDVSROtWLFDVHSURJUDPDVGHYHQGRVHUOKHVSURSRUFLRQDGDIRU
PDomRQHVWHGRPtQLR
F SUHYHUPHGLGDVQDOHJLVODomRHUHJXODPHQWDomRQDFLRQDLVTXHFRQWHPSOHPRVDFWRVTXHDWHQWHPFRQWUD
DSULYDFLGDGHHDFRQILGHQFLDOLGDGHHFRQWUDTXDOTXHUSURWHFomRIDFXOWDGDDRDEULJRGDSUHVHQWH5HFR
PHQGDomR
G JDUDQWLUDFRODERUDomRHFRRUGHQDomRHQWUHDVDXWRULGDGHVS~EOLFDVHRVVHUYLoRVS~EOLFRVHSULYDGRV
HPFDXVDLQFOXLQGRUHJLPHVGHVHJXURHGHSUHVWDo}HVVRFLDLVRXRXWURWLSRGHSURJUDPDV
H SURPRYHUHDSRLDUDDFomRGHWRGDVDVHPSUHVDVSDUDS{UHPSUiWLFDDVSROtWLFDVHSURJUDPDVQDFLRQDLV
QRPHDGDPHQWH DWUDYpV GDV VXDV FDGHLDV GH IRUQHFLPHQWR H UHGHV GH GLVWULEXLomR FRP D SDUWLFLSDomR
GDV RUJDQL]Do}HV GH HPSUHJDGRUHV H GH WUDEDOKDGRUHV H YHODU SHOR VHX FXPSULPHQWR SRU SDUWH GDV
HPSUHVDVTXHRSHUDPQDV]RQDVIUDQFDVGHH[SRUWDomR
I SURPRYHURGLiORJRVRFLDOLQFOXLQGRDFRQVXOWDHQHJRFLDomRFRQVLVWHQWHFRPD&RQYHQomRUHODWLYDjV
&RQVXOWDV7ULSDUWLGDV1RUPDV,QWHUQDFLRQDLVGR7UDEDOKRGHEHPFRPRRXWUDVIRUPDVGHFRR
SHUDomRHQWUHDVDXWRULGDGHVJRYHUQDPHQWDLVRVHPSUHJDGRUHVHWUDEDOKDGRUHVGRVHFWRUS~EOLFRHSUL
YDGRHRVVHXVUHSUHVHQWDQWHVWHQGRHPFRQWDRVSDUHFHUHVGRSHVVRDOUHVSRQViYHOSHODVD~GHQRWUDED
OKR GRV HVSHFLDOLVWDV HP 9,+ H 6LGD H GH RXWUDV SDUWHV LQWHUHVVDGDV LQFOXLQGR DV RUJDQL]Do}HV TXH
UHSUHVHQWDPDVSHVVRDVFRP9,+DVRUJDQL]Do}HVLQWHUQDFLRQDLVDVRUJDQL]Do}HVSHUWLQHQWHVGDVRFLH
GDGHFLYLOHRVPHFDQLVPRVGHFRRUGHQDomRQDFLRQDLV
J VHUIRUPXODGRVH[HFXWDGRVSHULRGLFDPHQWHUHYLVWRVHDFWXDOL]DGRVWHQGRHPFRQWDRVHOHPHQWRV
FLHQWtILFRVHVRFLDLVPDLVUHFHQWHVEHPFRPRDQHFHVVLGDGHGHLQWHJUDUDVTXHVW}HVGDLJXDOGDGHGHJpQHUR
HRVDVSHFWRVFXOWXUDLV
K VHUFRRUGHQDGRVQRPHDGDPHQWHFRPDVSROtWLFDVHSURJUDPDVGHHPSUHJRVHJXUDQoDVRFLDOHVD~GH
L JDUDQWLUTXHRV0HPEURVSUHYrHPPHLRVUD]RiYHLVSDUDDVXDLPSOHPHQWDomRWHQGRGHYLGDPHQWHHP
FRQWDDVFLUFXQVWkQFLDVQDFLRQDLVEHPFRPRDVFDSDFLGDGHVGRVHPSUHJDGRUHVHWUDEDOKDGRUHV
Diálogo social
$LPSOHPHQWDomRGDVSROtWLFDVHSURJUDPDVUHODWLYRVDR9,+H6LGDGHYHEDVHDUVHQDFRRSHUDomRHFRQILDQ
oDHQWUHRVHPSUHJDGRUHVHWUDEDOKDGRUHVHRVVHXVUHSUHVHQWDQWHVEHPFRPRRVJRYHUQRVPHGLDQWHDSDUWLFLSD
omRDFWLYDQRORFDOGHWUDEDOKRGDVSHVVRDVFRP9,+
$V RUJDQL]Do}HV GH HPSUHJDGRUHV H WUDEDOKDGRUHV GHYHP SURPRYHU D VHQVLELOL]DomR VREUH 9,+ H 6LGD
LQFOXLQGRDSUHYHQomRHQmRGLVFULPLQDomRDWUDYpVGHDFWLYLGDGHVGHIRUPDomRHLQIRUPDomRGRVVHXVPHPEURV
(VWDVDFWLYLGDGHVGHYHPWHUHPFRQWDDVGLIHUHQoDVGHJpQHURHFXOWXUDLV
Educação, formação, informação e consulta
$IRUPDomRDVLQVWUXo}HVGHVHJXUDQoDHDQHFHVViULDRULHQWDomRQRORFDOGHWUDEDOKRHPPDWpULDGH9,+H
6LGDGHYHPVHUSUHVWDGDVGHIRUPDFODUDHDFHVVtYHODWRGRVRVWUDEDOKDGRUHVHHPHVSHFLDODRVWUDEDOKDGRUHV
PLJUDQWHV UHFHQWHPHQWH UHFUXWDGRV RX LQH[SHULHQWHV DRV MRYHQV WUDEDOKDGRUHV H jV SHVVRDV HP IRUPDomR
LQFOXLQGR HVWDJLiULRV H DSUHQGL]HV $ IRUPDomR LQVWUXo}HV H RULHQWDo}HV GHYHP WHU HP FRQWD DV GLIHUHQoDV GH
JpQHURHFXOWXUDLVHDGDSWDUVHjVFDUDFWHUtVWLFDVGRVWUDEDOKDGRUHVQmRLJQRUDQGRRVIDFWRUHVGHULVFRDTXHHVWmR
H[SRVWRV
'HYHPVHUIDFXOWDGDVDRVHPSUHJDGRUHVJHVWRUHVHUHSUHVHQWDQWHVGRVWUDEDOKDGRUHVLQIRUPDo}HV
FLHQWtILFDVHVyFLRHFRQyPLFDVDFWXDOL]DGDVHVHQHFHVViULRHGXFDomRHIRUPDomRVREUH9,+H6LGDDILPGHRV
DMXGDUDDGRSWDUDVPHGLGDVDGHTXDGDVQRORFDOGHWUDEDOKR
&DGHUQRV6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRQž
2VWUDEDOKDGRUHVLQFOXLQGRHVWDJLiULRVEROVHLURVHYROXQWiULRVGHYHPUHFHEHULQIRUPDo}HVGHVHQVLELOL]DomR
HIRUPDomRDGHTXDGDVVREUHRVPpWRGRVGHFRQWURORGDLQIHFomRSRU9,+QRFRQWH[WRGRVDFLGHQWHVHSULPHLURV
VRFRUURVQRWUDEDOKR2VWUDEDOKDGRUHVTXHH[HUoDPIXQo}HVFRPULVFRGHH[SRVLomRDVDQJXHKXPDQRSURGXWRV
VDQJXtQHRVHRXWURVIOXLGRVFRUSRUDLVGHYHPUHFHEHUIRUPDomRDGLFLRQDOVREUHSUHYHQomRGDH[SRVLomRSURFHV
VRVGHUHJLVWRGHH[SRVLomRHSURILOD[LDSyVH[SRVLomR
2VWUDEDOKDGRUHVHVHXVUHSUHVHQWDQWHVGHYHPWHURGLUHLWRDVHULQIRUPDGRVHFRQVXOWDGRVVREUHDVSROtWLFDVH
SURJUDPDVUHODWLYRVDR9,+H6LGDQRORFDOGHWUDEDOKR2VUHSUHVHQWDQWHVGRVWUDEDOKDGRUHVHGRVHPSUHJDGRUHV
GHYHPSDUWLFLSDUQDVLQVSHFo}HVDRVORFDLVGHWUDEDOKRGHDFRUGRFRPDVSUiWLFDVQDFLRQDLV
Serviços públicos
2SDSHOGRVVHUYLoRVGDDGPLQLVWUDomRGRWUDEDOKRQRPHDGDPHQWHGDLQVSHFomRGRWUDEDOKRHGDV
DXWRULGDGHVMXGLFLDLVFRPSHWHQWHVHPPDWpULDODERUDOQDOXWDFRQWUDR9,+HD6LGDGHYHVHUUHDQDOLVDGRHVH
QHFHVViULRUHIRUoDGR
2VVLVWHPDVGHVD~GHS~EOLFDGHYHPVHUUHIRUoDGRVHVHJXLUDV'LUHFWUL]HVFRQMXQWDV2,7206VREUHRVVHU
YLoRVGHVD~GHHDLQIHFomR9,+6LGDGHEHPFRPRTXDOTXHUUHYLVmRSRVWHULRUDILPGHDMXGDUDJDUDQWLU
PDLRUDFHVVRjSUHYHQomRWUDWDPHQWRDVVLVWrQFLDHDSRLRHFRQWULEXLUSDUDUHGX]LUDSUHVVmRDGLFLRQDOFDXVDGD
DRVVHUYLoRVS~EOLFRVHVSHFLDOPHQWHDRVWUDEDOKDGRUHVGDVD~GHSHOR9,+H6LGD
Cooperação internacional
2V0HPEURVGHYHPFRRSHUDUPHGLDQWHDFRUGRVELODWHUDLVHPXOWLODWHUDLVDWUDYpVGDVXDSDUWLFLSDomRQRVLV
WHPDPXOWLODWHUDORXGHRXWURVPHLRVHILFD]HVFRPYLVWDDGDUH[HFXomRjSUHVHQWH5HFRPHQGDomR
2VSDtVHVGHRULJHPGHWUkQVLWRHGHGHVWLQRGHYHPDGRSWDUPHGLGDVDILPGHJDUDQWLURDFHVVRjSUHYHQomR
WUDWDPHQWRDVVLVWrQFLDHDSRLRHPFDVRGH9,+HVHPSUHTXHDGHTXDGRGHYHUmRVHUFHOHEUDGRVDFRUGRVHQWUHRV
SDtVHVYLVDGRV
'HYHVHULQFHQWLYDGDDFRRSHUDomRLQWHUQDFLRQDOHQWUHHFRPRV0HPEURVDVVXDVHVWUXWXUDVQDFLRQDLVTXHVH
RFXSDPGR9,+H6LGDHDVRUJDQL]Do}HVLQWHUQDFLRQDLVFRPSHWHQWHVGHYHQGRDVPHVPDVDEUDQJHURLQWHUFkP
ELRVLVWHPiWLFRGHLQIRUPDo}HVVREUHWRGDVDVPHGLGDVWRPDGDVQDUHVSRVWDjSDQGHPLDGR9,+
Resolução relativa à promoção e aplicação da Recomendação sobre a infecção VIH e Sida e o mundo do
trabalho, de 2010
$ &RQIHUrQFLD *HUDO GD 2UJDQL]DomR ,QWHUQDFLRQDO GR 7UDEDOKR UHXQLGD QD VXD  6HVVmR HP WHQGR
DGRSWDGRD5HFRPHQGDomRVREUHDLQIHFomR9,+H6LGDHRPXQGRGRWUDEDOKRGHREVHUYDQGRTXHRr[LWR
GD 5HFRPHQGDomR LUi GHSHQGHU GD SURPRomR H DSOLFDomR HIHFWLYDV GDV VXDV GLVSRVLo}HV FRQVFLHQWH GH TXH R
PDQGDWRIXQGDPHQWDOGD2UJDQL]DomRFRQVLVWHHPSURPRYHURWUDEDOKRGLJQRHDVHPSUHVDVVXVWHQWiYHLVUHJLV
WDQGR D SDUWLFLSDomR GD 2,7 FRPR RUJDQL]DomR WULSDUWLGD QDV DFWLYLGDGHV GR 3URJUDPD &RQMXQWR GDV 1Do}HV
8QLGDVVREUHDLQIHFomR9,+6LGD2186,'$SDUDFRPEDWHUR9,+HD6LGD
&RQYLGDR&RQVHOKRGH$GPLQLVWUDomRGD2UJDQL]DomR,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKRDDWULEXLUUHFXUVRVQRkPEL
WRGRRUoDPHQWRH[LVWHQWHHDSURFXUDUUHFXUVRVH[WUDRUoDPHQWDLVDGLFLRQDLVDILPGHUHDOL]DUDFWLYLGDGHVFRPRV
PHPEURVWULSDUWLGRVSDUDGDUFXPSULPHQWRj5HFRPHQGDomRQRPXQGRGRWUDEDOKR
&RQYLGDR&RQVHOKRGH$GPLQLVWUDomRDDGRSWDUPHGLGDVGHVWLQDGDVDSURPRYHUDFWLYLGDGHVGHFRODERUDomR
FRPDVGLIHUHQWHVRUJDQL]Do}HVLQWHUQDFLRQDLVTXHVHRFXSDPGR9,+6LGDQRORFDOGHWUDEDOKR
1250$6,17(51$&,21$,6'275$%$/+2
&RQYLGDR&RQVHOKRGH$GPLQLVWUDomRDVROLFLWDUDHODERUDomRGHXP3ODQRGH$FomR0XQGLDODILPGHDOFDQ
oDUXPDDPSODH[HFXomRGD5HFRPHQGDomRWHQGRHPYLVWDUHGX]LURLPSDFWRGR9,+6LGDQRORFDOGHWUDEDOKR
(VVH3ODQRGHYHVHUGHVHQYROYLGRFRPDVRUJDQL]Do}HVGHHPSUHJDGRUHVHWUDEDOKDGRUHVUHSUHVHQWDWLYDVWHQGR
HPFRQWDDVSRVLo}HVGD2186,'$GDVRUJDQL]Do}HVTXHUHSUHVHQWDPDVSHVVRDVFRP9,+6LGDHGHRXWUDV
SDUWHVLQWHUHVVDGDV
&RQYLGDR&RQVHOKRGH$GPLQLVWUDomRDVROLFLWDUDR'LUHFWRU*HUDOTXHSUHVWHDGHYLGDDWHQomRjGLVWULEXLomR
HTXLWDWLYDGRVUHFXUVRVGHFRRSHUDomRWpFQLFDGD2,7DRVSDtVHV2V(VWDGRVPHPEURVHDVRUJDQL]Do}HVGHWUD
EDOKDGRUHVH HPSUHJDGRUHV PDLV UHSUHVHQWDWLYRV SRGHP VROLFLWDU DSRLR SDUDD DSOLFDomR GD 5HFRPHQGDomRHP
iUHDVFRPR
D DDVVLVWrQFLDWpFQLFDDRGHVHQYROYLPHQWRHLPSOHPHQWDomRGHSROtWLFDVSURJUDPDVHOHLVQDFLRQDLVGH
FDUiFWHUWULSDUWLGRDILPGHGDUFXPSULPHQWRDRGLVSRVWRQDSUHVHQWH5HFRPHQGDomR
E DSUHVWDomRGHDSRLRHRUHIRUoRGHFDSDFLGDGHVSDUDDIRUPDomRFRPXQLFDomRPRQLWRUL]DomRH[HFX
omRHDSURPRomRSRUH[HPSOR
L RGHVHQYROYLPHQWRGHSURJUDPDVHPDWHULDLVGHIRUPDomRWHQGRHPYLVWDRUHIRUoRGDVFDSDFLGD
GHVLQFOXLQGRRVTXHSRVVXDPXPDDERUGDJHPVHFWRULDO
LL DIRUPDomRGHHOHPHQWRVGHFRRUGHQDomRHGHIRUPDomRHPPDWpULDGH9,+6LGDQRORFDOGHWUD
EDOKR LQFOXLQGR RV UHSUHVHQWDQWHV GRV HPSUHJDGRUHV H WUDEDOKDGRUHV EHP FRPR RV JHVWRUHV GH
SHVVRDO
LLLDHODERUDomRGHPDWHULDLVHIHUUDPHQWDVGHSURPRomRHLQIRUPDomRUHODFLRQDGRVFRPD5HFRPHQ
GDomRH
LYVHPLQiULRVHZRUNVKRSVQDFLRQDLVHUHJLRQDLVGHVWLQDGRVDSURPRYHUD5HFRPHQGDomR
&RS\ULJKW 2,7
*UXSRGHIXQFLRQiULRVGD2,7HVSHUDQGRSDUDHPEDUFDU/LVERD
3RUWXJDO6HWHPEURGH
&ROHFomRSDUWLFXODUGH&DURO 5LHJHOPDQ /XELQ)
DIVULGAÇÃO
2UJDQL]DomR,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKR
1919
&RQVWLWXLomRGD2,73DUWH;,,,GR7UDWDGRGH9HUVDOKHVGHGH-XQKR
&RQYHQomRQžVREUHD3URWHFomRGD0DWHUQLGDGH
1941
$QRUWHDPHULFDQD)UDQFHV3HUNLQVIRLDSULPHLUDPXOKHU3UHVLGHQWHGD&,7
1944
'HFODUDomRUHODWLYDDRVILQVHREMHFWLYRVGD2UJDQL]DomR,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKR'HFODUDomRGH)LODGpOILD
1947
$&,7DSURYRXXPDUHVROXomRDIDYRUGDLJXDOGDGHGHUHPXQHUDomR
1948
'HFODUDomR8QLYHUVDOGRV'LUHLWRV+XPDQRV
&RQYHQomRQžUHYLVWDVREUHR7UDEDOKR1RFWXUQR0XOKHUHV
1950
5HDOL]RXVHXPDFRQIHUrQFLDHVSHFLDOGHHVSHFLDOLVWDVVREUHPXOKHUHVWUDEDOKDGRUDVTXHSUHFHGHXD&,7GH
1951
&RQYHQomRQžVREUH,JXDOGDGHGH5HPXQHUDomR
1952
&RQYHQomRQžUHYLVWDH5HFRPHQGDomRQžVREUH3URWHFomRGD0DWHUQLGDGH
1958
8PDFURQRORJLDGDSURPRomRGDLJXDOGDGHHQWUHKRPHQVHPXOKHUHVQRPXQGRGRWUDEDOKRGDWDVVHOHFFLRQDGDV
&RQYHQomRQžH5HFRPHQGDomRQžVREUH'LVFULPLQDomR(PSUHJRH3URILVVmR
$GDSWDGDGH(PGHIHVDGRVLQWHUHVVHVGDVPXOKHUHVDQRVGHDFomRGD2,70DLRGH&DPSDQKD$,JXDOGDGHGH*pQHURQR
&RUDomRGR7UDEDOKR'LJQRFRPSOHWDGDSRURXWUDVGDWDV
BBBBBBBBBB
$2,7($,*8$/'$'('(*e1(5212081'2'275$%$/+2&DGHUQRV6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRQžSS
&DGHUQRV6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRQž
1960
$&KLOHQD$QD)LJXHLURDpDSULPHLUDPXOKHU6XEGLUHFWRUD*HUDO
1964
&RQYHQomRQžH5HFRPHQGDomRQžVREUH3ROtWLFDGH(PSUHJR
1968
5HVROXomRVREUHRVDOiULRGDVPXOKHUHVQDLQG~VWULDWr[WLO
1974
&RQYHQomRQžVREUHD/LFHQoD3DJDSDUD(VWXGRV
1975
3ULPHLUD&RQIHUrQFLD0XQGLDOGDV0XOKHUHVGD218&LGDGHGR0p[LFR
'HFODUDomRVREUHD,JXDOGDGHGH2SRUWXQLGDGHVHGH7UDWDPHQWRSDUDDV7UDEDOKDGRUDV
&RQYHQomRQžH5HFRPHQGDomRQžVREUHD9DORUL]DomRGRV5HFXUVRV+XPDQRV
1976
$IUDQFHVD$QWRLQHWWH:DHOEURHFN%pJXLQIRLSURJUHGLQGRHWRUQRXVHDSULPHLUDPXOKHUDVHUQRPHDGDFKHIHGHGHSDUWDPHQWR
&ULDomRGR%XUHDXSDUDDV4XHVW}HVGDV0XOKHUHV7UDEDOKDGRUDV
1977
'HFODUDomRGH3ULQFtSLRV7ULSDUWLGDVREUHDV(PSUHVDV0XOWLQDFLRQDLVHD3ROtWLFD6RFLDO
3ULPHLURQ~PHURGDUHYLVWDGD2,7H[FOXVLYDPHQWHGHGLFDGDjV³$VPXOKHUHVQRWUDEDOKR´
1979
&RQYHQomRVREUHD(OLPLQDomRGH7RGDVDV)RUPDVGH'LVFULPLQDomRFRQWUDDV0XOKHUHV&('$:HPYLJRUGHVGH
1980
6HJXQGD&RQIHUrQFLD0XQGLDOVREUHDV0XOKHUHV&RSHQKDJD
1981
&RQYHQomRQžH5HFRPHQGDomRQžVREUH7UDEDOKDGRUHVFRP5HVSRQVDELOLGDGHV)DPLOLDUHV
1982
$LGD*RQ]DOH]0DUWLQH]0p[LFRpDSULPHLUDPXOKHUDSUHVLGLUDR&RQVHOKRGH$GPLQLVWUDomR
23ODQRD0pGLR3UD]RGD2,7±LQFOXLDV³PXOKHUHVWUDEDOKDGRUDV´FRPRXPGRVVHLVWHPDVPXQGLDLV
1984
5HFRPHQGDomRQžVREUHD3ROtWLFDGH(PSUHJR'LVSRVLo}HV&RPSOHPHQWDUHV
1985
7HUFHLUD&RQIHUrQFLD0XQGLDOVREUHDV0XOKHUHV1DLUREL
5HVROXomRDSURYDGDQDVHVVmRGD&,7VREUHLJXDOGDGHGHRSRUWXQLGDGHVHGHWUDWDPHQWRQRHPSUHJRSDUDRVWUDEDOKDGRUHV
GHDPERVRVVH[RV
1986
2&RQVHOKRGH$GPLQLVWUDomRDYDOLDRVSURJUDPDVGHFRRSHUDomRWpFQLFDGHVWLQDGRVjVPXOKHUHVHUHFRPHQGDTXHWHQKDPHP
FRQWDDPXOKHUQRSURFHVVRGHGHVHQYROYLPHQWR0'
1987
2&RQVHOKRGH$GPLQLVWUDomRDGRSWDR3ODQRGH$FomRVREUHLJXDOGDGHGHRSRUWXQLGDGHVHGHWUDWDPHQWRSDUDRVWUDEDOKDGRUHV
GHDPERVRVVH[RVQRHPSUHJR
',98/*$d­2
1988
'LUHFWUL]HVSDUDDLQWHJUDomRGRVLQWHUHVVHVGDPXOKHUQDFRQFHSomRGRVSURMHFWRVGHFRRSHUDomRWpFQLFD
1990
&RQYHQomRQžH5HFRPHQGDomRQžVREUHR7UDEDOKR1RFWXUQR
/DQoDPHQWRGR3URMHFWR,QWHUGHSDUWDPHQWDOVREUHD,JXDOGDGHGDV0XOKHUHVQR(PSUHJR
1991
5HVROXomRDSURYDGDQDVHVVmRGD&,7VREUHDDFomRGD2,7DIDYRUGDVWUDEDOKDGRUDV
1993
&RQIHUrQFLD0XQGLDOVREUH'LUHLWRV+XPDQRV9LHQDH3URJUDPDGH$FomR
1994
&RQYHQomRQžH5HFRPHQGDomRQžVREUHR7UDEDOKRD7HPSR3DUFLDO
1995
4XDUWD&RQIHUrQFLD0XQGLDOVREUHDV0XOKHUHV3HTXLP
&LPHLUD0XQGLDOSDUDR'HVHQYROYLPHQWR6RFLDO&RSHQKDJD
3ODQRGH$FomRGD2,7SDUDDLJXDOGDGHGHJpQHURHDWUDQVYHUVDOL]DomRGDSHUVSHFWLYDGHJpQHURQD2,7
&LUFXODUQžVREUHSROtWLFDVHSURFHGLPHQWRVHPPDWpULDGHDVVpGLRVH[XDO
1996
&RQYHQomRQžH5HFRPHQGDomRQžVREUH7UDEDOKRD'RPLFtOLR
1997
/DQoDPHQWRGRSURMHFWRGHFRRSHUDomRWpFQLFD³0DLVH0HOKRUHV(PSUHJRVSDUDDV0XOKHUHV´
1998
'HFODUDomRGD2,7UHODWLYDDRV3ULQFtSLRVH'LUHLWRV)XQGDPHQWDLVQR7UDEDOKR
5HFRPHQGDomRQžVREUHD&ULDomRGH(PSUHJRVQDV3HTXHQDVH0pGLDV(PSUHVDV
1999
eLQWURGX]LGRRFRQFHLWRGH³WUDEDOKRGLJQR´LVWRpTXHPXOKHUHVHKRPHQVSRVVDPWHUDFHVVRDWUDEDOKRSURGXWLYRHP
FRQGLo}HVGHOLEHUGDGHLJXDOGDGHVHJXUDQoDHGLJQLGDGHKXPDQD
3URWRFROR)DFXOWDWLYRj&RQYHQomRVREUHD(OLPLQDomRGH7RGDVDV)RUPDVGH'LVFULPLQDomRFRQWUDDV0XOKHUHV
&RQYHQomRQžH5HFRPHQGDomRQžVREUHD,QWHUGLomRGDV3LRUHV)RUPDVGH7UDEDOKRGDV&ULDQoDV
&ULDomRGR%XUHDXSDUDD,JXDOGDGHGH*pQHUR*(1'(5
&LUFXODUQžGD2,7VREUHDLJXDOGDGHHQWUHKRPHQVHPXOKHUHVHDWUDQVYHUVDOL]DomRGDSHUVSHFWLYDGHJpQHURQD2,7
2000
&LPHLUD0XQGLDOSDUDR'HVHQYROYLPHQWR6RFLDO&RSHQKDJD*HQHEUD
6HVVmR(VSHFLDOGD$VVHPEOHLD*HUDO3HTXLP1RYD,RUTXH
2EMHFWLYRVGH'HVHQYROYLPHQWRGR0LOpQLR
&RQYHQomRQžH5HFRPHQGDomRQžVREUH3URWHFomRGD0DWHUQLGDGH
2001
3ULPHLUDDXGLWRULDSDUWLFLSDWLYDGHJpQHURQD2,7
&DGHUQRV6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRQž
2002
2&RQVHOKRGH$GPLQLVWUDomRDSUHFLDRUHODWyULRUHODWLYRjSULPHLUDDXGLWRULDSDUWLFLSDWLYDGHJpQHURQD2,7
2003
3ULPHLUR5HODWyULR*OREDOVREUHDDSOLFDomRHVHJXLPHQWRGD'HFODUDomRGD2,7UHODWLYDDRV3ULQFtSLRVH'LUHLWRV
)XQGDPHQWDLVQR7UDEDOKR$KRUDGDLJXDOGDGHQRWUDEDOKR
2004
5HVROXomRDSURYDGDQDVHVVmRGD&,7VREUHDSURPRomRGDLJXDOGDGHGHJpQHURGDLJXDOGDGHGHUHPXQHUDomRHGD
SURWHFomRGDPDWHUQLGDGH
2005
2&RQVHOKRGH$GPLQLVWUDomRGiLQVWUXo}HVSDUDLQFOXLUDVTXHVW}HVGHJpQHURQDFRRSHUDomRWpFQLFD
2006
5HFRPHQGDomRQžVREUHD5HODomRGH7UDEDOKR
2007
6HJXQGR5HODWyULR*OREDOVREUHDDSOLFDomRHVHJXLPHQWRGD'HFODUDomRGD2,7UHODWLYDDRV3ULQFtSLRVH'LUHLWRV
)XQGDPHQWDLVQR7UDEDOKR±,JXDOGDGHQR7UDEDOKR(QIUHQWDURVGHVDILRV
2008
'HFODUDomRGD2,7VREUHD-XVWLoD6RFLDOSDUDXPD*OREDOL]DomR-XVWD
2009
DQRVGD2,7
&DPSDQKDGD2,7³$LJXDOGDGHGHJpQHURQRFRUDomRGR7UDEDOKR'LJQR´
2010
5HFRPHQGDomRVREUHD,QIHFomR9,+H6LGDHR0XQGRGR7UDEDOKRQDTXDOSHODSULPHLUDYH]VXUJHQXPDQRUPDLQWHU
QDFLRQDOGRWUDEDOKRDH[SUHVVmR³LJXDOGDGHGHJpQHUR´
3ODQRGH$FomRGD2,7VREUHDLJXDOGDGHGHJpQHUR
DIVULGAÇÃO
5HFXUVRVGLVSRQtYHLVQRVtWLRGD2,7
$ SiJLQD GD 2,7 ,QWHUQDFLRQDO SRVVXL XP JXLD GH UHFXUVRV H GH LQIRUPDo}HV VREUH R WHPD ³,JXDOGDGH GH
*pQHURQR7UDEDOKR´
2JXLDpDFHVVtYHOQXPDGDVWUrVOtQJXDVRILFLDLVGD2,7LQJOrVIUDQFrVRXHVSDQKROHFRQWpPXP
YDVWROHTXHGHLQIRUPDo}HVVREUHRWHPD
BBBBBBBBBB
KWWSZZZLORRUJSXEOLFHQJOLVKVXSSRUWOLEUHVRXUFHVXEMHFWJHQGHUKWP
$2,7($,*8$/'$'('(*e1(5212081'2'275$%$/+2&DGHUQRV6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRQžSS
&DGHUQRV6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRQž
1HOHSRGHHQFRQWUDUVH
1. Publicações, de jornais ou de livros, apresentados por Temas ou por Regiões, através de ligações para a base de dados Labordoc
3RUWHPDV
(TXDOHPSOR\PHQWRSSRUWXQLWLHV
*HQGHUEDVHGYLROHQFH
)DPLO\IULHQGO\SROLFLHV
*HQGHUHTXDOLW\
*HQGHUDQGFULVLVUHVSRQVH
*HQGHUPDLQVWUHDPLQJ
*HQGHUDQGGHFHQWZRUN
*HQGHUZDJHJDS
*HQGHUDQGHGXFDWLRQ
*LUOVDQGODERXU
*HQGHUDQGJOREDOL]DWLRQ
0DWHUQLW\SURWHFWLRQ
*HQGHUDQG+,9$,'6
0HQDQGPDVFXOLQLWLHV
*HQGHUDQGPLFURILQDQFH
6H[GLVFULPLQDWLRQ
*HQGHUDQGPLJUDWLRQ
7UDIILFNLQJLQZRPHQDQGFKLOGUHQ
*HQGHUDQGVNLOOVWUDLQLQJ
:RPHQHQWUHSUHQHXUV
*HQGHUDQGWUDGHXQLRQV
:RPHQLQPDQDJHPHQW
3RUUHJLmR
$IULFD
/DWLQ$PHULFD&DULEEHDQ
$VLD3DFLILF
0LGGOH(DVW
(XURSH
1RUWK$PHULFD
2. As Convenções e Recomendações da OIT que promovem a Igualdade de Género no trabalho
&RQYHQWLRQV
&(TXDO5HPXQHUDWLRQ&RQYHQWLRQ
&6RFLDO6HFXULW\0LQLPXP6WDQGDUGV&RQYHQWLRQ
&'LVFULPLQDWLRQ(PSOR\PHQWDQG2FFXSDWLRQ&RQYHQWLRQ
&(TXDOLW\RI7UHDWPHQW6RFLDO6HFXULW\&RQYHQWLRQ
&:RUNHUVZLWK)DPLO\5HVSRQVLELOLWLHV&RQYHQWLRQ
&2FFXSDWLRQDO+HDOWK6HUYLFHV&RQYHQWLRQ
&0DWHUQLW\3URWHFWLRQ&RQYHQWLRQ
5HFRPPHQGDWLRQV
5/HDG3RLVRQLQJ:RPHQDQG&KLOGUHQ5HFRPPHQGDWLRQ
51LJKW:RUNRI:RPHQ$JULFXOWXUH5HFRPPHQGDWLRQ
33URWRFRORIWRWKH1LJKW:RUN:RPHQ&RQYHQWLRQ5HYLVHG
5(TXDO5HPXQHUDWLRQ5HFRPPHQGDWLRQ
5:HOIDUH)DFLOLWLHV5HFRPPHQGDWLRQ
5'LVFULPLQDWLRQ(PSOR\PHQWDQG2FFXSDWLRQ5HFRPPHQGDWLRQ
55HGXFWLRQRI+RXUVRI:RUN5HFRPPHQGDWLRQ
5:RUNHUVZLWK)DPLO\5HVSRQVLELOLWLHV5HFRPPHQGDWLRQ
50DWHUQLW\3URWHFWLRQ5HFRPPHQGDWLRQ
5HVROXWLRQRQHTXDORSSRUWXQLWLHVDQGHTXDOWUHDWPHQWIRUPHQDQGZRPHQLQHPSOR\PHQWDGRSWHGE\
WKH,QWHUQDWLRQDO/DERXU&RQIHUHQFHDWLWVVHYHQW\ILUVWVHVVLRQ
',98/*$d­2
3. Informação estatística sobre os vários domínios que integram o tema da Igualdade de Género
(XURVWDW
,/2&RQGLWLRQVRIZRUNDQGHPSOR\PHQWODZV
,/2.H\,QGLFDWRUVRIWKH/DERXU0DUNHW.,/0
,/2/$%2567$,/2
VSUHPLHUGDWDEDVHRQDOODVSHFWVRIODERXUVWDWLVWLFV
,/2/DERXU)RUFH6XUYH\V
,/26DIHW\DQG+HDOWKDW:RUNDQGWKH(QYLURQPHQW6$)(:25.
3RSXODWLRQFHQVXVHVLQWKH:RUOG%HOJLXP'LUHFWLRQJpQpUDOH6WDWLVWLTXHHWLQIRUPDWLRQpFRQRPLTXH
810LOOHQQLXP'HYHORSPHQW*RDO,QGLFDWRUV
816WDWLVWLFV'LYLVLRQ'HPRJUDSKLFDQGVRFLDOVWDWLVWLFV
816WDWLVWLFV'LYLVLRQ3RSXODWLRQDQGKRXVLQJFHQVXVHV
81'3+XPDQ'HYHORSPHQW5HSRUWV
81(&(*HQGHU6WDWLVWLFV'DWDEDVH
:RUOG%DQN*HQGHU6WDWV
4. Recursos fornecidos pelos ecritórios da OIT de África, América, Países Árabes, Ásia e Europa e por outras organizações internacionais dessas regiões
$IULFD
$IULFDQ'HYHORSPHQW%DQN*URXS
$IULFDQ:RPHQ
V'HYHORSPHQWDQG&RPPXQLFDWLRQ1HWZRUN
,/26XEUHJLRQDO2IILFHIRU6RXWKHUQ$IULFD
81,)(0$IULFD
8QLWHG1DWLRQV(FRQRPLF&RPPLVVLRQIRU$IULFD81(&$
$PHULFDV
,/2&LQWHUIRU*HQGHU7UDLQLQJDQG:RUN
,/25HJLRQDO2IILFHIRU/DWLQ$PHULFDDQGWKH&DULEEHDQLQ6SDQLVK
,/26XEUHJLRQDO2IILFHIRU&HQWUDO$PHULFD+DLWL3DQDPDDQG'RPLQLFDQ5HSXEOLFLQ6SDQLVK
81,)(0$PHULFDVDQGWKH&DULEEHDQ
8QLWHG1DWLRQV(FRQRPLF&RPPLVVLRQIRU/DWLQ$PHULFDDQGWKH&DULEEHDQ81(&/$&:RPHQ
DQG'HYHORSPHQWLQ6SDQLVK
:RPHQ
V+XPDQ5LJKWV5HVRXUFHV
$UDE6WDWHV
*HQGHU6WDWLVWLFV3URJUDPPHV
81,)(0
81,)(0)LHOG2IILFHVLQ$UDE6WDWHV
8QLWHG1DWLRQV(FRQRPLFDQG6RFLDO&RPPLVVLRQIRU:HVWHUQ$VLD(6&:$&HQWUHIRU:RPHQ
$VLD
$VLDQ'HYHORSPHQW%DQN
$VLDQ'HYHORSPHQW%DQN,QVWLWXWH
,/25HJLRQDO2IILFHIRU$VLDDQGWKH3DFLILF
,QWHUQDWLRQDO:RPHQ
V5LJKWV$FWLRQ:DWFK$VLD3DFLILF,:5$:
81,)(0$VLDDQGWKH3DFLILF
8QLWHG1DWLRQV(FRQRPLFDQG6RFLDO&RPPLVVLRQIRU$VLDDQGWKH3DFLILF81(6&$3
&DGHUQRV6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRQž
(XURSH
,/25HJLRQDO2IILFHIRU(DVWHUQ(XURSHDQG&HQWUDO$VLD
,/26XEUHJLRQDO2IILFH%XGDSHVW
0HGLWHUUDQHDQ,QVWLWXWHIRU*HQGHU6WXGLHV
81,)(0(XURSHDQGWKH&RPPRQZHDOWKRI,QGHSHQGHQW6WDWHV&,6
8QLWHG1DWLRQV(FRQRPLF&RPPLVVLRQIRU(XURSH81(&(
5. Informações fornecidas por várias Organizações Internacionais
$PQHVW\,QWHUQDWLRQDO
7KH&HQWUHIRU'HYHORSPHQWDQG3RSXODWLRQ$FWLYLWLHV
(/',6
(XURSHDQ&RPPLVVLRQ
)RRGDQG$JULFXOWXUH2UJDQL]DWLRQRIWKH8QLWHG1DWLRQV)$2
,QWHU$JHQF\1HWZRUNRQ:RPHQDQG*HQGHU(TXDOLW\,$1:*(
,QWHUQDWLRQDO$OOLDQFHRI:RPHQ
,QWHUQDWLRQDO&HQWHUIRU5HVHDUFKRQ:RPHQ,&5:
,QWHUQDWLRQDO&RXQFLORI:RPHQ
,QWHUQDWLRQDO)HGHUDWLRQRI8QLYHUVLW\:RPHQ
,QWHUQDWLRQDO)XQGIRU$JULFXOWXUDO'HYHORSPHQW,)$'
,QWHUQDWLRQDO0RQHWDU\)XQG,0)
,QWHUQDWLRQDO:RPHQ
V+HDOWK&RDOLWLRQ
-RLQW8QLWHG1DWLRQV3URJUDPRQ+,9$,'681$,'6
0LFURFUHGLW6XPPLW
2(&'*HQGHU,QVWLWXWLRQVDQG'HYHORSPHQW'DWDEDVH*,''%
2IILFHRIWKH8QLWHG1DWLRQV+LJK&RPPLVVLRQHUIRU+XPDQ5LJKWV2+&+5
2UJDQLVDWLRQIRU(FRQRPLF&RRSHUDWLRQDQG'HYHORSPHQW2(&'
6RFLDOLVW,QWHUQDWLRQDO:RPHQ
81:RPHQ
8QLWHG1DWLRQV&KLOGUHQ
V)XQG81,&()
8QLWHG1DWLRQV'HYHORSPHQW)XQGIRU:RPHQ81,)(0
8QLWHG1DWLRQV'HYHORSPHQW*URXS81'*
8QLWHG1DWLRQV'HYHORSPHQW3URJUDPPH81'3
8QLWHG1DWLRQV'HYHORSPHQW3URJUDPPH0LOOHQQLXP'HYHORSPHQW*RDOV81'3
8QLWHG1DWLRQV'LYLVLRQIRUWKH$GYDQFHPHQWRI:RPHQ'$:
8QLWHG1DWLRQV(GXFDWLRQDO6FLHQWLILFDQG&XOWXUDO2UJDQL]DWLRQ81(6&2
8QLWHG1DWLRQV(QYLURQPHQW3URJUDP81(3
8QLWHG1DWLRQV+XPDQ6HWWOHPHQW3URJUDP81+$%,7$7
8QLWHG1DWLRQV,QVWLWXWHIRU'LVDUPDPHQW5HVHDUFK81,',5
8QLWHG1DWLRQV,QWHU$JHQF\1HWZRUNRQ:RPHQDQG*HQGHU(TXDOLW\,$1:*(:RPHQ:DWFK
8QLWHG1DWLRQV2IILFHRIWKH6SHFLDO$GYLVHURQ*HQGHU,VVXHVDQG$GYDQFHPHQWRI:RPHQ26$*,
8QLWHG1DWLRQV2IILFHRQ'UXJVDQG&ULPH812'&
8QLWHG1DWLRQV3RSXODWLRQ)XQG81)3$
8QLWHG1DWLRQV5HVHDUFK,QVWLWXWHIRU6RFLDO'HYHORSPHQW815,6'VFUROOGRZQWR
*HQGHU
8QLWHG1DWLRQV6WDWLVWLFV'LYLVLRQ8167$76
:RPHQLQ1DWLRQDO3DUOLDPHQWV
:RPHQ
V(QYLURQPHQWDQG'HYHORSPHQW2UJDQL]DWLRQ:('2
:RPHQ
V,QWHUQDWLRQDO/HDJXHIRU3HDFHDQG)UHHGRP
:RUOG%DQN
:RUOG)RRG3URJUDP:)3
:RUOG+HDOWK2UJDQL]DWLRQ:+2
&RS\ULJKW 2,7
3HVVRDOGD2,7QD &RQIHUrQFLD,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKR
RECENSÃO
ABC dos Direitos das Mulheres Trabalhadoras
e da Igualdade de Género
6HJXQGD(GLomR2,72UJDQL]DomR,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKR
0DULD-RVHILQD/HLWmR
(VSHFLDOLVWDHP'LUHLWRGR7UDEDOKR
$2UJDQL]DomR,QWHUQDFLRQDOGH7UDEDOKRGHFLGLXHPERDKRUDSXEOLFDUHPOtQJXDSRUWXJXHVDD
(GLomRUHYLVWDHDSURIXQGDGDGR³$%&GRVGLUHLWRVGDVPXOKHUHVWUDEDOKDGRUDVHGDLJXDO
GDGH GH JpQHUR´ TXH p XP GRV PDLV LPSRUWDQWHV GRFXPHQWRV HVFULWRV QHVWD PDWpULD 7HQGR
UHFRUULGRSDUDDVXDHODERUDomRHUHYLVmRDIRQWHVPXLWRYDULDGDVHDXPDODUJDGROHTXHGHHVSH
FLDOLVWDVHDEUDQJHQGRQXPDSHUVSHFWLYDGHJpQHURRVGLUHLWRVUHODFLRQDGRVFRPRWUDEDOKR
QDVGLYHUVDVIRUPDVTXHHVWHDVVXPHDFWXDOPHQWHHVWDREUDGHVDILDQRVSHODVXDWUDQVYHUVDOL
GDGHDEUDQJrQFLDHDFWXDOLGDGHID]HQGRQRVUHIOHFWLUVREUHFRPRDLQGDKRMHRIDFWRGHWHUPRV
QDVFLGRKRPHQVRXPXOKHUHVPRGHODDVQRVVDVYLGDVHDVQRVVDVUHODo}HVGHWUDEDOKRSDUDDOpP
GR TXH VHULD D QDWXUDO GHFRUUrQFLD GD QRVVD GLYHUVLGDGH HQTXDQWR VHUHV VH[XDGRV GD HVSpFLH
KXPDQD
(ODERUDGRFRPRXPJXLDSUiWLFRFXMRREMHFWLYRSULQFLSDOpDGLYXOJDomRGRVGLUHLWRVGDV
WUDEDOKDGRUDVGHPRGRDIDYRUHFHUSRUSDUWHGHVWDVDDSURSULDomRPRELOL]DGRUDGRVHXH[HUFt
FLRHDVVLPFROPDWDURIRVVRH[LVWHQWHHQWUHDOHLHDSUiWLFDR³$%&´DRFRQWUiULRGRTXHR
VHX WtWXOR SRGHUi LQGLFLDU QmR p XPD REUD HOHPHQWDU GHVWLQDGD DSHQDV D XP S~EOLFR SRXFR
HVFODUHFLGR0HVPRVHDFODUH]DGDHVFULWDHDIRUPDFRPRVHHQFRQWUDRUJDQL]DGR IDYRUHFHD
VXDFRQVXOWDSRUXPDJUDQGHGLYHUVLGDGHGHS~EOLFRVHHVWDpVHPG~YLGDXPDGDVVXDVYLUWX
GHVR³$%&´SHORULJRUFRPTXHVHHQFRQWUDHODERUDGRHSHODVPDWpULDVDEUDQJLGDVFRQVWLWXL
XPLQVWUXPHQWRSUHFLRVRGHFRQVXOWDREULJDWyULDSDUDTXHPHVWXGDRVIHQyPHQRVGRWUDEDOKRH
GD LJXDOGDGH GH JpQHUR H D VXD UHJXODomR LQWHUQDFLRQDO HP SDUWLFXODU GDV iUHDV GR GLUHLWR
VRFLRORJLDHFRQRPLDHPSUHJDGRUHVUHVSRQViYHLVSRUUHFXUVRVKXPDQRVGDVHPSUHVDVGRFHQ
WHVHIRUPDGRUHV
3DUWLQGRGRVSULQFtSLRVGDLJXDOGDGHHGDQmRGLVFULPLQDomRTXHFRQVLVWHPGHVGHDVXD
IXQGDomR D PDWUL] HVWUXWXUDQWH GD 2,7 R ³$%&´ DERUGD HP UHODomR D FDGD WySLFR QmR Vy RV
PDLV LPSRUWDQWHV LQVWUXPHQWRV QRUPDWLYRV LQWHUQDFLRQDLV H VXSUDQDFLRQDLV SHUWLQHQWHV PDV
WDPEpPRVJUDQGHVSULQFtSLRVTXHHQIRUPDPDVLQWHUYHQo}HVLQVWLWXFLRQDLVHDSROtWLFDGD2,7
TXHLUUDGLDPGHVLJQDGDPHQWHGD'HFODUDomRGH3ULQFtSLRVH'LUHLWRV)XQGDPHQWDLVQR7UDEDOKR
HVHXVHJXLPHQWRGD$JHQGDGR7UDEDOKR'LJQRHGR3DFWR*OREDOSDUDR(PSUHJREHPFRPR
GRV2EMHFWLYRVGH'HVHQYROYLPHQWRGR0LOpQLRGDV1Do}HV8QLGDV
5HFRUUHQGRSDUDDOpPGRVGRFXPHQWRVUHIHULGRVDRFRQKHFLPHQWRQRWHUUHQRGDVFRQGL
o}HVGHYLGDHGHWUDEDOKRGDVSRSXODo}HVGRVSDtVHVPHPEURVGD2,7HVWHOLYURDOHUWDDVQRV
VDVFRQVFLrQFLDVSDUDDVXEVLVWrQFLDRXRUHFUXGHVFLPHQWRVREQRYDVURXSDJHQVSRUYH]HVHP
BBBBBBBBBB
$2,7($,*8$/'$'('(*e1(5212081'2'275$%$/+2&DGHUQRV6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRQžSS
&DGHUQRV6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRQž
GLPHQVmRDVVXVWDGRUDGHIRUPDVSDUWLFXODUPHQWHJUDYHVGHQHJDomRGHGLUHLWRVKXPDQRVIXQ
GDPHQWDLV TXH DWLQJHP VREUHWXGR DV PXOKHUHV QR WUDEDOKR GH TXH VmR H[SUHVVmR R WUDEDOKR
IRUoDGR H D HVFUDYLGmR GHVLJQDGDPHQWH QDV VXDV IRUPDV GH VHUYLGmR SRU GtYLGDV WUDEDOKR
GRPpVWLFRFODQGHVWLQRWUiILFRGHVHUHVKXPDQRVH[SORUDomRVH[XDOSDUDILQVFRPHUFLDLVHSLR
UHVIRUPDVGHWUDEDOKRLQIDQWLOeDVVLPFRPWULVWH]DTXHQRVDSHUFHEHPRVGHTXmRORQJHHVWD
PRVDLQGDGDFRQFUHWL]DomRGHXPWUDEDOKRFRPGLUHLWRVGLJQRSURGXWLYRHHPFRQGLo}HVGH
OLEHUGDGHLJXDOGDGHHVHJXUDQoD1RHQWDQWRR ³$%&´DSRQWDQRVVDtGDVQDPHGLGDHPTXH
S}H j GLVSRVLomR GDVWUDEDOKDGRUDV GRV SDUFHLURV VRFLDLV GRV JRYHUQRV H GHPDLV LQWHUHVVDGRV
FRQKHFLPHQWRVHIHUUDPHQWDVTXHSRGHPFRQGX]LUDHVVHREMHFWLYR
1RTXHFRQFHUQHjIRUPDFRPRVHHQFRQWUD HVWUXWXUDGR³$%&´FRPHoDFRPXPDSDUWH
LQWURGXWyULDRUJDQL]DGDHPRLWRSRQWRV&RPRXWLOL]DURJXLDHVWDWXWRGDVQRUPDVGD2,7H
WHUPLQRORJLDDGRSWDGD,JXDOGDGHGHJpQHURQRPDQGDWRGD2,7&RQYHQo}HVH5HFRPHQ
GDo}HVGD2,7GHVWDFDQGRDLJXDOGDGHGHJpQHURQDVQRUPDVGHWUDEDOKR,JXDOGDGHGHJpQH
URXPGLUHLWRIXQGDPHQWDO$KLVWyULDGDHODERUDomRGDVQRUPDVGHSURPRomRGRVGLUHLWRVGDV
PXOKHUHV H GD LJXDOGDGH GH JpQHUR )RQWHV OHJLVODWLYDV VREUH LJXDOGDGH GH JpQHUR QRUPDV
LQWHUQDFLRQDLVGRWUDEDOKROHJLVODomRVXSUDQDFLRQDOHQDFLRQDO$SOLFDomRHH[HFXomRDQtYHO
QDFLRQDOH$HODERUDomRGDVQRUPDVGD2,7HRXWURVPHLRVGHDFomR
1R Q~FOHR FHQWUDO GD REUD D DSUHVHQWDomR GDV PDWpULDV p IHLWD GH DFRUGR FRP D RUGHP
DOIDEpWLFDFRPRVHGHXPDEUHYHHQFLFORSpGLDVHWUDWDVVHHGDtRVHXWtWXORGH$%&(VWDIRU
PDGHVLVWHPDWL]DomRIDFLOLWDDFRQVXOWDSHORXWLOL]DGRUTXHWHPDVVLPjVXDGLVSRVLomRXPLQV
WUXPHQWRGHUiSLGRHGHIiFLODFHVVRGLUHFWRHHVFODUHFHGRU$UHPLVVmRFUX]DGDQRILPGHFDGD
WySLFRSDUDRXWURVWySLFRVFRQH[RVSHUPLWHDSURIXQGDURFRQKHFLPHQWRHFKDPDDDWHQomRSDUD
DVUHODo}HVGHSURIXQGDLQWHUGHSHQGrQFLDLQGLVVRFLDELOLGDGHHUHIRUoRP~WXRTXHFDUDFWHUL]DP
RVGLUHLWRVQRWUDEDOKR3RURXWURODGRDLQGLFDomRHPFDGDWySLFRGRVLQVWUXPHQWRVLQWHUQD
FLRQDLVGLUHFWDHLQGLUHFWDPHQWHUHODFLRQDGRVFRPHVVHWySLFRDMXGDDTXHPROrDPHOKRUFRP
SUHHQGHURGLUHLWRLQWHUQDFLRQDODSOLFiYHO
2XWUDTXHVWmRTXHPHUHFHUHDOFHpDGDWHUPLQRORJLDDGRSWDGD$HYROXomR VRFLRHFRQy
PLFDHVWiQDRULJHPGRDSDUHFLPHQWRQRPXQGRGRWUDEDOKRGHQRYRVIHQyPHQRVRXGHIHQy
PHQRVTXHQmRVHQGRQRYRVDVVXPHPFDUDFWHUtVWLFDVRXGLPHQV}HVGLIHUHQWHVGDVTXHWLQKDP
HPpSRFDVDQWHULRUHV'DUQRPHDHVWHVIHQyPHQRVHGHILQLORVFRPRpRFDVRSRUH[HPSORGH
GLYHUVLGDGHQRWUDEDOKRHPSUHJDELOLGDGHGHVHPSUHJRHVWUXWXUDOUHSUHVHQWDomRHYR]WUDED
OKRQmRSDGURQL]DGRRXDWtSLFRHWUDEDOKRLQIRUPDOpUHFRQKHFHUDVXDLPSRUWkQFLDHDVLPSOL
FDo}HVTXHDFDUUHWDPSDUDDVSHVVRDVDTXHUHVSHLWDP3RUH[HPSORDGHILQLomRGH³DJUHJDGRV
IDPLOLDUHVDFDUJRGHPXOKHUHV´FRPRDTXHOHVVHPDSUHVHQoDGHXPKRPHPDGXOWRGHYLGRD
GLYyUFLRVHSDUDomRPLJUDomRQmRFDVDPHQWRRXYLXYH]RXHPTXHRKRPHPHPERUDSUHVHQ
WH QmRFRQWULEXL SDUD R UHQGLPHQWR IDPLOLDU SRU UD]}HV GH GRHQoDRX GHILFLrQFLD YHOKLFHRX
DOFRROLVPR RX LQFDSDFLGDGH VHPHOKDQWH´ DOHUWDQRV SDUD XPD UHDOLGDGH QD PDLRU SDUWH GRV
FDVRVLQGXWRUDGHSREUH]DTXHFDGDYH]DIHFWDPDLVPXOKHUHVHPWRGRRPXQGR2XWURH[HP
SORpRGH=RQDVIUDQFDVLQGXVWULDLVGHH[SRUWDomRH&HQWURVGHDWHQGLPHQWRTXHVmRIHQyPH
QRVTXHVHHQFRQWUDPQRFHUQHGDJOREDOL]DomRGRWUDEDOKRDLQGDKiSRXFRVDQRVGHVFRQKHFL
GRVTXHHPUHJUDQRPHDPRVSHORVHXDFUyQLPRRXHPOtQJXDLQJOHVDH[SRUWSURFHVVLQJ]RQHV
±(3=VHFDOOFHQWHUV
(VSHFLILFDPHQWHQRTXHFRQFHUQHjVTXHVW}HVGHJpQHURHjSURPRomRGDLJXDOGDGHHQWUH
PXOKHUHVHKRPHQVQRWUDEDOKRHQRHPSUHJRR³$%&´pWDPEpPXPDIHUUDPHQWDLQGLVSHQVi
YHOSDUDSUHFLVDUFRQFHLWRVFDUDFWHUtVWLFRVGHVWDiUHDQHPVHPSUHXWLOL]DGRVFRPULJRUFRPR
JpQHUR VH[R WHFWR H SDUHGHV GH YLGUR FKmR SHJDMRVR VHJUHJDomR SURILVVLRQDO HTXLGDGH H
LJXDOGDGH GH JpQHUR JpQHUR H GHVHQYROYLPHQWR HPSUHHQGHGRULVPR GH PXOKHUHV HTXLOtEULR
WUDEDOKRIDPtOLDYLGD PDVFXOLQLGDGHV H SDUD LQIRUPDU VREUH PHWRGRORJLDV D DGRSWDU FRPR
DQiOLVHHSODQHDPHQWRGHJpQHURLQWHJUDomRGDSHUVSHFWLYDGHJpQHURPHGLGDVSRVLWLYDVHWF
(VFULWRRULJLQDULDPHQWHHPOtQJXDLQJOHVDR³$%&´OHYDQWDSDUWLFXODUHVGLILFXOGDGHVQR
TXHUHVSHLWDjVXDWUDGXomRSDUDSRUWXJXrVQRTXHFRQFHUQHjQHXWUDOLGDGHGDOLQJXDJHP(PER
UDQHPWRGDVDVGLILFXOGDGHVWHQKDPVLGRXOWUDSDVVDGDVQmRpSRUGHPDLVUHDOoDUDLPSRUWkQFLD
GHTXHVHUHYHVWHDVXDYHUVmRSRUWXJXHVDQDPHGLGDHPTXHSHUPLWHWRUQiORDFHVVtYHOjYDVWD
FRPXQLGDGHGHSDtVHVOXVyIRQRVTXHSRGHUmRDVVLPEHQHILFLDUGHVWHQRYRLQVWUXPHQWRGHDERU
GDJHPGRVGLUHLWRVHGDVTXHVW}HVGRWUDEDOKRQXPDSHUVSHFWLYDGHJpQHUR
RECENSÃO
Relatório Trabalho Digno para o Trabalho Doméstico
%XUHDX ,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKR *HQHEUD6HVVmRGD&RQIHUrQFLD,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKR
5HODWyULR,97UDEDOKRGLJQRSDUDRWUDEDOKRGRPpVWLFRWUDGX]LGRSDUDSRUWXJXrVSHOD2,7/LVERDFRP
RDSRLRGD&RPLVVmRSDUDD,JXDOGDGHQR7UDEDOKRHQR(PSUHJR&,7(
6DQGUD5LEHLUR
&RPLVVmRSDUDD,JXDOGDGHQR7UDEDOKRHQR(PSUHJR&,7(
25HODWyULR7UDEDOKR'LJQRSDUDR7UDEDOKR'RPpVWLFRIRLUHGLJLGRFRPDSOHQDLQWHQomRGHSURPRYHUR
GHEDWHDRPDLVDOWRQtYHOVREUHRWUDEDOKRGRPpVWLFRQD6HVVmRGD&RQIHUHQFLD,QWHUQDFLRQDOGH7UDED
OKRTXHWHYHOXJDUHP-XQKRGHYLVDQGRDHYHQWXDODGRSomRGHXPD&RQYHQomRFRPSOHPHQWDGDSRU
XPD5HFRPHQGDomR
$EDVHGHWUDEDOKRXWLOL]DGDWDOFRPRVHSRGHFRQVWDWDUQDVXDLQWURGXomRIRLD³LQIRUPDomRSURYH
QLHQWH GH YiULDV SDUWHV GR PXQGR >«@´%,7 UHFROKLGD SRU PHLR GH XP LQTXpULWR DRV (VWDGRV
0HPEURVGD2,7DSyVDFRQVXOWDGDVUHVSHFWLYDVRUJDQL]Do}HVPDLVUHSUHVHQWDWLYDVGHHPSUHJDGRUHVHWUD
EDOKDGRUHV
(VWHHQVDLRHFRQYLWHDRGHEDWHHYLGHQFLDDJUDQGHSUHRFXSDomRGD2UJDQL]DomR,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UD
EDOKR HP DOFDQoDU XP WUDEDOKR GLJQR SDUD WRGRV H WRGDV QR FDVR HP FRQFUHWR SDUD R SHVVRDO GRPpVWLFR
LQWHQomRTXHDOLiVMiUHPRQWDD
2 HQTXDGUDPHQWR DSUHVHQWDGR DSRQWD SDUD D FLUFXQVWkQFLD GH R WUDEDOKR GRPpVWLFR WHU JDQKR QRYDV
GLPHQV}HV QD HFRQRPLD JOREDO FRQWHPSRUkQHD PDV D KHUDQoD PLOHQDU TXH FDUUHJD ³p XPD GDV SURILVV}HV
PDLVDQWLJDVHGDVPDLVLPSRUWDQWHVSDUDPLOK}HVGHPXOKHUHVHPWRGRRPXQGR(QFRQWUDVHHQUDL]DGDQD
KLVWyULD JOREDO GD HVFUDYDWXUD GR FRORQLDOLVPR H GH RXWUDV IRUPDV GH VHUYLGmR´ %,7 QmR OKH
SHUPLWLUDLQGDTXDOTXHUDVFHQVmRVRFLDOFRQWLQXDQGRDVHUXPDDFWLYLGDGHGHVYDORUL]DGDHSHUVLVWHQWHPHQWH
DSDUWDGDGDJHQHUDOLGDGHGDUHJXODPHQWDomRODERUDO
eLPHGLDWDPHQWHHYLGHQFLDGRQHVWHHQVDLRTXHHVWDPRVSHUDQWHXPDUHDOLGDGHRQGHDVHJUHJDomRSUR
ILVVLRQDOpTXDVHDEVROXWD³2VWUDEDOKDGRUHVQmRVmRKRPHQVTXHVXVWHQWDPDVXDIDPtOLDPDVQDHVPDJD
GRUD PDLRULD GRV FDVRV PXOKHUHV´ %,7 R TXH LPSOLFD D GLPLQXWD LPSRUWkQFLD GHVWD IRUPD GH
WUDEDOKRQDPHGLGDHPTXHp³YLVWRFRPRXPWUDEDOKRTXHQmRUHTXHUFRQKHFLPHQWRVSURILVVLRQDLVHVSHFt
ILFRVSRLVDVPXOKHUHVVHPSUHIRUDPFDSD]HVGHRHIHFWXDUHRVFRQKHFLPHQWRVTXHOKHVIRUDPWUDQVPLWLGRV
HP FDVD SRU RXWUDV PXOKHUHVVmR FRQVLGHUDGRVLQDWRV´%,7 (VWD HODomROyJLFD TXH VH UHWLUD GR
5HODWyULRYHPDRHQFRQWURGRDGYRJDGRSHOD&RPLVVmRSDUDD,JXDOGDGHQR7UDEDOKRHQR(PSUHJR&,7(
GHTXHDVHSDUDomRSURILVVLRQDOHQWUHVH[RVSUHMXGLFDDHFRQRPLDHID]SURORQJDUFLFORVGHSREUH]DTXHXUJH
TXHEUDU
'D DQiOLVH GRV SULPHLURV FDStWXORV GR 5HODWyULR UHVXOWD TXH TXHU QRV SDtVHV HP GHVHQYROYLPHQWR
TXHUQDPDLRULDGRVSDtVHVGHVHQYROYLGRVRWUDEDOKRGRPpVWLFRpVXEYDORUL]DGRSDUDHIHLWRVUHPXQHUDWyULRV
BBBBBBBBBB
$2,7($,*8$/'$'('(*e1(5212081'2'275$%$/+2&DGHUQRV6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRQžSS
&DGHUQRV6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRQž
H TXDVH VHPSUH SUDWLFDGR HP UHVLGrQFLDV PXLWDV YH]HV SRU LPLJUDQWHV QXP DPELHQWH GH LQIRUPDOLGDGH H
LUUHJXODULGDGHILVFDOHFRQWULEXWLYD(PXLWRHPERUDHVWHVHFWRUHVWHMDFRQVWDQWHPHQWHDDXPHQWDURWUDEDOKR
GRPpVWLFRFRQWLQXDDVHURPDLVSUHFiULRRPDLVPDOSDJRRPHQRVSURWHJLGRXPGRVPDLVDUULVFDGRVH
FHUWDPHQWHXPGRVPHQRVSUHVWLJLDGRVPDQWHQGRXPHVWDWXWRGHQmRWUDEDOKR³3DUWHGDHVSHFLILFLGDGHGR
WUDEDOKRGRPpVWLFRUHPXQHUDGRFRQVLVWHQRIDFWRGHVHUIUHTXHQWHPHQWHHQFDUDGRFRPRDOJRTXHQmRpXP
WUDEDOKR´%,7
7UDQVYHUVDO D WRGR R 5HODWyULR HQFRQWUDPRV D DVSLUDomR GH R PHVPR FRQWULEXLU GH IRUPD GHILQLWLYD
SDUD PXGDU D VLWXDomR DFWXDO DSRVWDQGR QR GHVHQYROYLPHQWR H DSURYDomR GH UHJXODPHQWRV LQWHUQDFLRQDLV
HVSHFtILFRVSDUDDSOLFDomRGLUHFWDDRWUDEDOKRGRPpVWLFRYLVDQGRWRUQDORWmRGLJQRTXDQWRTXDOTXHURXWUR
³8PD GDV UD]}HV SDUD D DGRSomR GH QRUPDV LQWHUQDFLRQDLV GR WUDEDOKR UHODWLYDPHQWH DR WUDEDOKR GLJQR
SDUD R WUDEDOKR GRPpVWLFR UHVLGH QR IDFWR GH QmR H[LVWLUHP PHFDQLVPRV FRRUGHQDGRV SDUD D SDUWLOKD GH
LQIRUPDomRHSDUDDDSUHQGL]DJHPFRPDVERDVSUiWLFDVGHUHJXODPHQWDomRGRWUDEDOKRGRPpVWLFR³%,7
6HpFHUWRTXHRWUDEDOKRGRPpVWLFRHVWiJHQHULFDPHQWHDEUDQJLGRSHODVQRUPDVGD2,7SUHVHQWHPHQ
WHHPYLJRUFRPRpUHFRQKHFLGRQRSUySULR5HODWyULR³$2,7MiDVVXPLXYiULDVYH]HVDSRVLomRGHTXHD
QmRVHUTXHXPD&RQYHQomRRX5HFRPHQGDomRH[FOXDGHIRUPDH[SUHVVDRSHVVRDOGRVHUYLoRGRPpVWLFR
HVWH HQFRQWUDVH LQFOXtGR GR LQVWUXPHQWR LQWHUQDFLRQDO´ %,7 WDO HIHFWLYDPHQWH QmR VH DILJXUD
VXILFLHQWH IDFH jV HVSHFLILFLGDGHV Mi DWUiV DGX]LGDV H DLQGD SRU DV HQWLGDGHV HPSUHJDGRUDV GH WUDEDOKR
GRPpVWLFRVHUHPVXLJHQHULVIDFHjJHQHUDOLGDGHGRPXQGRGRWUDEDOKRSHVVRDVVLQJXODUHVPXOKHUHVSRX
FR YRFDFLRQDGDV SDUD D EXURFUDFLD QHFHVViULD D XPD UHODomRODERUDO WtSLFD GDt D PDLV GR TXHMXVWLILFDGD
QHFHVVLGDGH GH ³8P TXDGUR GR WUDEDOKR GLJQR FRQFHELGR HVSHFLILFDPHQWH SDUD UHJXODPHQWDU R WUDEDOKR
GRPpVWLFR SURSRUFLRQD D RSRUWXQLGDGH GH LQWURGX]LU UHJUDV MXVWDV DGDSWDGDV DR WUDEDOKR GRPpVWLFR QRV
TXDLVDVHQWLGDGHVHPSUHJDGRUDVFRQVFLHQFLRVDVSRGHPFRQILDU´%,7
$JUDQGHLQRYDomRGHVWH5HODWyULRpSUHFLVDPHQWHRIDFWRGHDSRQWDUSDUDDQHFHVVLGDGHGHDSURYDomR
GH XPD UHJXODPHQWDomR LQWHUQDFLRQDO HVSHFtILFD TXH UHFRQKHoD H UHVSHLWH RV GLUHLWRV GRV WUDEDOKDGRUHV
GRPpVWLFRVHQTXDQWRWDLVRXVHMDTXHSRVVLELOLWHGHXPDYH]SRUWRGDVDDWULEXLomRGRWtWXORGH³WUDEDOKDGR
UHVDV´DRSHVVRDOGRPpVWLFRSRQGRILPGHILQLWLYDPHQWHDXPDWUDGLomRGHLQYLVLELOLGDGHQmRDSHQDVGHFRU
UHQWHGHDDFWLYLGDGHH[HUFLGDRVHUHQWUHTXDWURSDUHGHVHHPLVRODPHQWRPDVWDPEpPHSULQFLSDOPHQWH
SHORIDFWRGHDVQHFHVVLGDGHVGRSHVVRDOGRPpVWLFRVHUHPLQYDULDYHOPHQWHHVTXHFLGDVTXHUGRSRQWRGHYLVWD
VRFLDOTXHUGRSRQWRGHYLVWDSROtWLFRFRPRDFRQWHFHFRPDSURWHFomRVRFLDOGHTXHWHPYLQGRDVHUVLVWH
PDWLFDPHQWHDIDVWDGRFRPRpHYLGHQFLDGR³$SURWHFomRVRFLDOLQFOXLXPOHTXHDODUJDGRGHPHFDQLVPRVGH
SURWHFomRFROHFWLYDHGHVHJXURVGRVTXDLVRVDVWUDEDOKDGRUHVDVVHPSUHIRUDPH[FOXtGRV´%,7
'HHQWUHRFRQMXQWRGHLPSRUWDQWHVFRQWULEXWRVGHVWH5HODWyULRVmRGHGHVWDFDUWUrV
DUHIOH[mREDVWDQWHFRPSOHWDHH[DXVWLYDGDVLWXDomRVRFLDOHHFRQyPLFDGRVWUDEDOKDGRUHVDVGRPpVWL
FRVDVQRPXQGRRTXHQRVREULJDDUHIOHFWLUVREUHDQRVVDSUySULDUHDOLGDGHQDFLRQDO
DLQWHQomRGHFODVVLILFDUGHILQLWLYDPHQWHRVDVWUDEDOKDGRUHVDVGRPpVWLFRVFRPR³WUDEDOKDGRUHVDV´R
TXHDSRQWDSDUDDHPHUJrQFLDGRUHFRQKHFLPHQWRGDVFRPSHWrQFLDVSDUDRWUDEDOKRGRPpVWLFRFRPR
DOJRTXHVHDSUHQGHHFHUWLILFDHQmRFRPRDOJRLQDWRRXVHMDRUHFRQKHFLPHQWRGHTXHHPFDXVDHVWi
XPD YHUGDGHLUDSURILVVmRFRQWULEXWRHVWHTXHDOLiVQmRSDVVRXGHVSHUFHELGRDR&(6&RPLWp(FR
QyPLFRH6RFLDO(XURSHXHTXHVXUJHUHIHULGRQRVHX3DUHFHU62&VREUH3URILVVLRQDOL]DomRGR
7UDEDOKR'RPpVWLFRGHGH0DLRGH
D HVSHUDQoD GH TXH D GLJQLILFDomR GR WUDEDOKR GRPpVWLFR YHQKD D WRUQiOR DSHWHFtYHO WDPEpP SDUD
KRPHQV GLPLQXLQGRVH DVVLP D KHJHPRQLD IHPLQLQD GHVWH VHFWRU R TXH SRGHUi DMXGDU D XP PDLRU
HTXLOtEULRVDODULDOHPDLVLJXDOGDGHGHJpQHUR
5HVWDPHDSHQDVGHVHMDUTXHHVWH5HODWyULRYHMDDVVXDVLQWHQo}HVFRQFUHWL]DGDV
&RS\ULJKW 2,7
'HOHJDGRVHGHOHJDGDVj  &RQIHUrQFLD,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR7UDEDOKR
:DVKLQJWRQ(VWDGRV8QLGRVGD$PpULFD
ANEXO
/LVWDGDV'HOHJDo}HV3RUWXJXHVDVjV&RQIHUrQFLDV,QWHUQDFLRQDLVGR7UDEDOKRGHD
Nome
$OIUHGR)UDQFR
ÈOYDURGH/DFHUGD
-RmR&DPRHVDV
-RVp%DUERVD
7KRPDV)HUQDQGH]
9LHLUD5RFKD
$OIUHGRG
2OLYHLUD0HQGHV
)UDQFLVFR6HU]HGHOOR$PRULP
/XL]GD6LOYD9LHJDV
$QWyQLR0DULD%DUWKRORPHX)HUUHLUD
$QWyQLR0DULD%DUWKRORPHX)HUUHLUD
$QWyQLR0DULD%DUWKRORPHX)HUUHLUD
+5'LDVGH2OLYHLUD
$QWyQLR0DULD%DUWKRORPHX)HUUHLUD
$QWyQLR*RPHVG
$OPHQGUD
$QWyQLR0DULD%DUWKRORPHX)HUUHLUD
$QWyQLR*RPHVG
$OPHQGUD
$QWyQLR0DULD%DUWKRORPHX)HUUHLUD
$QWyQLR0DULD%DUWKRORPHX)HUUHLUD
5RGULJR5RGULJXH]
5RGULJR5RGULJXH]
$QWyQLR0DULD%DUWKRORPHX)HUUHLUD
)UDQFLVFRGH&DOKHLURVH0HQH]HV
-RVp$OPHLGD
5LEHLUR(UPLGD-XQLRU
$OEHUWRG
2OLYHLUD
&DUORV5LEHLUR(UPLGD
)UDQFLVFRGH&DOKHLURVH0HQHVHV
0DQXHOGRV6DQWRV
$IRQVR5RGULJXHV3HUHLUD
BBBBBBBBBB
Ano
Delegação (G/T/P)
'*
'3
'*
'*
'7
'*
'7
'3
'*
'*
'*
'*
'*
'*
'*
'*
'*
'*
'*
'*
'*
'*
'*
'7
'3
'*
'3
'*
'7
'*
$2,7($,*8$/'$'('(*e1(5212081'2'275$%$/+2&DGHUQRV6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRQžSS
&DGHUQRV6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRQž
Nome
$IRQVR5RGULJXHV3HUHLUD
$OEHUWR$OYHV&DUQHLUR
$QWyQLR/RER$QWXQHV
&DUORVG
2OLYHLUD)DQHFR
&DUORV5LEHLUR(UPLGD
&DUORV7KHRGRURGD&RVWD
(UQHVWRGH9DVFRQFHOORV
-RVpGH$OPDGD
9DVFRGH4XHYHGR
$IRQVR5RGULJXHV3HUHLUD
$OH[DQGUH0DJQR)HUUD]GH$QGUDGH
$XJXVWRGH9DVFRQFHOORV
&DUORV5LEHLUR(UPLGD
-RUJH%DKLD
-RVp$XJXVWR0DFKDGR
-RVpGH$OPDGD
9DVFRGH4XHYHGR
$IRQVR5RGULJXHV3HUHLUD
$OEHUWR$OYHV&DUQHLUR
ÈOYDUR3HUHLUDGH/DFHUGD
9DVFRGH4XHYHGR
$IRQVR5RGULJXHV3HUHLUD
ÈOYDUR3HUHLUDGH/DFHUGD
-RUJH%DKLD
-RVp$XJXVWR0DFKDGR
9DVFRGH4XHYHGR
$IRQVR5RGULJXHV3HUHLUD
$OEHUWR$OYHV&DUQHLUR
ÈOYDUR3HUHLUDGH/DFHUGD
-RUJH%DKLD
3HGUR7KHRWyQLR3HUHLUD
+HQULTXHGD*XHUUD4XDUHVPD9LDQQD
-RUJH%DKLD
-RVp/RERG
ÈYLOD/LPD
$IRQVR5RGULJXHV3HUHLUD
$QWyQLR-RDTXLP6DUDLYD-~QLRU
$QWyQLR-~OLRGH&DVWUR)HUQDQGHV
-RUJH%DKLD
-RVp/RERG
ÈYLODGH/LPD
$IRQVR5RGULJXHV3HUHLUD
-RUJH%DKLD
-RVpG
$OPDGD
0iULR&DPSRV/RER
3HGUR,JQiFLRÈOYDUHV5LEHLUR
Ano
Delegação (G/T/P)
'*
'7
'3
'7
'3
'*
'3
'*
'*
'*
'*
'*
'3
'*
'7
'*
'*
'*
'7
'3
'*
'*
'3
'*
'7
'*
'*
'7
'3
'*
'*
'*
'*
'*
'*
'7
'3
'*
'*
'*
'*
'*
'7
'3
Nome
9DVFRGH4XHYHGR
/XtV(VWHYHV)HUQDQGHV
/XtV(VWHYHV)HUQDQGHV
$QWyQLR&DOKHLURV/RSHV
$QWyQLR3GH$UDQMR0RUHLUD
$XJXVWRGH&DVWUR
)HUQDQGRGH2OLYHLUD
-RVpGH$OPDGD
0iULR/DPSUHLDGH*XVPmR0DGHLUD
7KRPDVGH$TXLQRGD6LOYD
ÈOYDURGH)UHLWDV0RUQD
$QWyQLR-RUJHGD0RWWD9HLJD
(GXDUGR3HUHLUD9LDQD
)HUQDQGR&DUORVGD&RVWD
+HQULTXH)HUUD]
-RVp$XJXVWR&RUUHDGH%DUURV
-RVpGRV6DQWRV
0iULR0DGHLUD
1XQHVGH2OLYHLUD
5X\(QQHV8OULFK
ÈOYDURGH)UHLWDV0RUQD
$QWyQLR&DOKHLURV/RSHV
$QWyQLR-RUJHGD0RWWD9HLJD
+HQULTXH)HUUD]
0DUFHOR&DHWDQR
$QWyQLR&DOKHLURV/RSHV
$QWyQLR-RUJHGD0RWWD9HLJD
$QWyQLR-~OLRGH&DVWUR)HUQDQGHV
+HQULTXH3HUHLUD)HUUD]
-RVpGD5RFKD3ULVWD
0DQXHO&RVWD6RXVDGH0DFHGR0HVTXLWHOOD
$QWyQLR&DOKHLURV/RSHV
$QWyQLRGH6HL[DV6RDUHV-XQLRU
$QWyQLR-RUJHGD0RWWD9HLJD
(GXDUGR3HUHLUD9LDQD
*RQoDOR&DOGHLUD&RHOKR
-RVpGRV6DQWRV
5D~O9HQWXUD
$OH[DQGUH5LEHLURGD&XQKD
$QWyQLR&DOKHLURV/RSHV
$QWyQLRGH6HL[DV6RDUHV
$QWyQLR-RUJHGD0RWWD9HLJD
*RQoDOR/Xt]0DUDYLOKDV&RUUHLD&DOGHLUD&RHOKR
$OH[DQGUH5LEHLURGD&XQKD
$QWyQLR&DOKHLURV/RSHV
Ano
$1(;2
Delegação (G/T/P)
'*
'*
'*
'3
'7
'*
'*
'*
'*
'7
'3
'*
'*
'3
'7
'*
'7
'*
'*
'3
'3
'3
'*
'7
'*
'3
'*
'*
'7
'*
'*
'3
'7
'*
'*
'*
'7
'*
'*
'3
'7
'*
'*
'*
'3
&DGHUQRV6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRQž
Nome
$XUpOLR*RQoDOYHV
-RmRGH0DWRV$QWXQHV9DUHOD
-RVp5LFR*RGLQKR$SRVWROR
-RVp6RDUHVGD)RQVHFD
0DQXHO$QWyQLR)HUQDQGHV
Maria Manuela de Carvalho Alves
$QWyQLR&DOKHLURV/RSHV
$UWXU$XUpOLR*RQoDOYHV
-RmRGH0DWRV$QWXQHV9DUHOD
-RUJH3HUHLUD-DUGLP
-RVp0DQXHO)UDJRVR)HUQDQGHV
0iULRGD6LOYDÈYLOD
5DXO-RUJH9HQWXUD
9LUJtOLR3UHWR
$OH[DQGUH5LEHLURGD&XQKD
$QWyQLR&DOKHLURV/RSHV
$QWyQLR)HUUHLUD3HGURVD
'RPLQJRVGD&RVWDH6LOYD
-RmRGH0DWRV$QWXQHV9DUHOD
/XL]0DQXHO)UDJRVR)HUQDQGHV
0iULR3HGUR*RQoDOYHV
0iULR6LOYDGHÈYLOD
9LUJtOLR3UHWR
$OH[DQGUH5LEHLURGD&XQKD
$QtEDOGD6LOYD'DYLG
$QWyQLR&DOKHLURV/RSHV
$QWyQLR)HUUHLUD3HGURVD
$QWyQLR-RUJH0DUWLQVGD0RWWD9HLJD
$QWyQLR0DJDOKmHVGH2OLYHLUD6RDUHV
'RPLQJRVGD&RVWDH6LOYD
)HUQDQGR*DUFLD
)HUQDQGR+HQULTXH0HQGHV5DPRV
)UDQFLVFR0DQXHOGH0HOR3HUHLUDGH0DJDOKmHV
-DPHV3LQWR%XOO
/XL]0DQXHO)UDJRVR)HUQDQGHV
7RPiVGH$TXLQRGD6LOYD
$OH[DQGUH5LEHLURGD&XQKD
$QWyQLR)HUUHLUD3HGURVD
&DUORV&DJOLDUGLQL*UDoD
)HUQDQGRGH$OFDPEDU3HUHLUD
)HUQDQGR*DUFLD
)HUQDQGR0HQGHV5DPRV
-DPHV3LQWR%XOO
-RVp5LFR*RGLQKR$SyVWROR
-RVp6RDUHVGD)RQVHFD
Ano
1951
Delegação (G/T/P)
'7
'*
'7
'*
'*
DG
'3
'7
'*
'*
'7
'7
'*
'3
'*
'3
'*
'7
'*
'7
'7
'7
'3
'*
'3
'3
'*
'*
'7
'7
'7
'7
'3
'*
'3
'7
'*
'*
'7
'*
'7
'7
'*
'7
'*
Nome
/XtV3LQWR&RHOKR
/XL]0DQXHO)UDJRVR)HUQDQGHV
0iULR)HUQDQGHVGH2OLYHLUD
0iULR*RQoDOYHV
0LJXHO&DUGRVR%HWWHQFRXUW
9LUJtOLR3UHWR
$IRQVR+HQULTXHV,YHQV)HUUD]GH)UHLWDV
$OEHUWR0DUFLDQR*RUMmR)UDQFR1RJXHLUD
$OH[DQGUH5LEHLURGD&XQKD
$OIUHGR*kQGDUD
(6DQWRV0DWRV
)HUQDQGR*DUFLD
/XtV0DQXHO)UDJRVR)HUQDQGHV
/XtV3LQWR&RHOKR
0iULR6LOYDGHÈYLOD
7LWR&DVWHOR%UDQFR$UDQWHV
$OEHUWR0DUFLDQR*RUMmR)UDQFR1RJXHLUD
$OH[DQGUH5LEHLURGD&XQKD
$OIUHGR*kQGDUD
$QWyQLR-RUJH'D0RWWD9HLJD
$QWyQLR0GHORV5LRV/HLWmR
$UPDQGR3HGURVRGH/LPD
&DUORV**UDoD
(6DQWRV0DWRV
-DPHV3LQWR%XOO
/XtV0DQXHO)UDJRVR)HUQDQGHV
3HL[RWR&RUUHLD
5DIDHO6RDUHV
6HEDVWLmR'DXQH/RUHQD
6HEDVWLmR'DXQH/RUHQD
9LUJtOLR3UHWR
$OEDQRGH2OLYHLUD
$OH[DQGUH5LEHLURGD&XQKD
$QWyQLR)HUUHLUD3HGURVD
$QWyQLR-RUJHGD0RWWD9HLJD
$QWyQLR0RUDOHVGHORV5LRV/HLWmR
$QWyQLR3HUHLUDGH7RUUHV)HYHUHLUR
$UPDQGR7DYDUHV
-HUyQLPR+HQULTXHV-RUJH
-RmR+DOO7KHPLGR
-RVp$XJXVWR&RUUHLDGH%DUURV
-RVp'LRJRGD6LOYD
-RVpGRV6DQWRV
-RVp*DJRGH0HGHLURV
-~OLR0RQWHLUR
Ano
$1(;2
Delegação (G/T/P)
'*
'3
'3
'7
'3
'3
'*
'*
'*
'7
'3
'7
'3
'*
'7
'3
'*
'*
'7
'*
'3
'7
'7
'3
'*
'3
'*
'7
'*
'*
'3
'3
'*
'*
'*
'3
'*
'7
'*
'*
'3
'7
'7
'3
'*
&DGHUQRV6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRQž
Nome
/XtV0DQXHO)UDJRVR)HUQDQGHV
0DQXHO6HEDVWLmRGH$OPHLGDGH&DUYDOKR'DXQH/RUHQD
0iULR6LOYDGHÈYLOD
3HGUR0DXU\
6LOYLQR1RURQKD
9LUJtOLR3UHWR
$IRQVR3DWUtFLR*RXYHLD
$OH[DQGUH5LEHLURGD&XQKD
ÈOYDUR(XJpQLR1HYHVGD)RQWRXUD
$QWyQLR-RUJHGD0RWWD9HLJD
$QWyQLR0RUDOHVGHORV5LRV/HLWmR
$QWyQLR3HUHLUDGH7RUUHV)HYHUHLUR
$XJXVWR6DQWRV/LPD
)HUQDQGRGH2OLYHLUD
+HQULTXH6LOYDH6RXVD
+HQULTXH9HLJDGH0DFHGR
-RVp'LRJRGD6LOYD
/XtVGH6RXVDH6LOYD
/XtV0DQXHO)UDJRVR)HUQDQGHV
0DQXHO6HEDVWLmRGH$OPHLGDGH&DUYDOKR'DXQH/RUHQD
3HGUR$0RQWHLUR0DXU\
6HUDILP0DUWLQVGDV1HYHV
$IRQVR3DWUtFLR*RXYHLD
$OH[DQGUH5LEHLURGD&XQKD
$QWyQLR-RUJH'D0RWWD9HLJD
$QWyQLR0RUDOHVGHORV5LRV/HLWmR
&DUORV%DUDWD*DJOLDUGLQL*UDoD
'RPLQJRVGH*XVPmR&RUUHLD$URXFD
)HUQDQGR%DHWD
+HQULTXH6LOYDH6RXVD
+HUQkQLGH&DUYDOKR0RUDLVH&DVWUR
-DPHV3LQWR%XOO
-RmR+HQULTXHV'LDV
-RVpGH$OPHLGD&RWWD
-RVp(GXDUGRGH0HQHVHV5RVD
-RVp0DULD'LDV)LGDOJR
/XtV0DQXHO)UDJRVR)HUQDQGHV
0DQXHO6HEDVWLmRGH$OPHLGDGH&DUYDOKR'DXQH/RUHQD
0iULRGD6LOYDG
ÈYLOD
3DXOR6DOGDQKD3DOKDUHV
5DIDHO6DQWRV&RVWD
$JXLQDOGR9HLJD
$OH[DQGUH5LEHLURGD&XQKD
$QtEDO-RVp0HQGHV$UUREDVGD6LOYD
$QWyQLR&DOKHLURV/RSHV
Ano
Delegação (G/T/P)
'3
'*
'7
'7
'7
'3
'3
'*
'*
'*
'3
'*
'*
'*
'3
'*
'7
'7
'3
'*
'7
'7
'3
'*
'*
'3
'7
'3
'*
'3
'*
'*
'7
'*
'*
'7
'3
'*
'7
'7
'*
'3
'*
'7
'3
Nome
$QWyQLR-RUJH'D0RWWD9HLJD
$QWyQLR/RSHV5LEHLUR
$QWyQLR0RUDOHVGHORV5LRV/HLWmR
$QWyQLR3HUHLUD&DOGDVGH$OPHLGD
&DUORV%DUDWD*DJOLDUGLQL*UDoD
)HUQDQGR%DHWD
)UDQFHVFR&DUWKHOR&DQHODV
Gabriela Salgueiro
-DLPH$EHO.UHLVVPDQ5RVDGH0RUDLV
-DPHV3LQWR%XOO
-RmR*RPHV5LEHLUR
/XtV0DQXHO)UDJRVR)HUQDQGHV
0DQXHO6HEDVWLmRGH$OPHLGDGH&DUYDOKR'DXQH/RUHQD
0iULRGD6LOYDG
ÈYLOD
1XQR$OYDUHV$GULmRGH%HVVD/RSHV
$OFLQR&DUGRVR
$OH[DQGUH5LEHLURGD&XQKD
$QWyQLR&DOKHLURV/RSHV
$QWyQLR*XLOKHUPH/RSHVGH2OLYHLUD&DVFDLV
$QWyQLR-RUJHGD0RWWD9HLJD
$QWyQLR-~GLFH%XVWRUII6LOYD
$QWyQLR/RSHV5LEHLUR
$QWyQLR0RUDOHVGHORV5LRV/HLWmR
&DUORV$XJXVWR)DULQKD
Diamantina Reis Correia dos Santos
)UDQFLVFR&&DQHODV
Gabriela Salgueiro
-DPHV3LQWR%XOO
-RmR5DLPXQGR
-RUJH'LDV3DEOR
-RVp-RmR*RQoDOYHVGH3URHQoD
-RVp0DULD'LDV)LGDOJR
/XL]9D]GH$OPDGD
0DQXHO3HUHLUDGR1DVFLPHQWR
0DQXHO6HEDVWLmRGH$OPHLGDGH&DUYDOKR'DXQH/RUHQD
3HGUR0DXU\
$OEHUWR6HQDGD6LOYD
$OEHUWR6REUDO
$OH[DQGUH5LEHLURGD&XQKD
$QWyQLRGD6LOYD/HDO
$QWyQLR-RUJHGD0RWWD9HLJD
$QWyQLR-~GLFH%XVWRUII6LOYD
$QWyQLR/RSHV5LEHLUR
$QWyQLR/XtVGH1RYDLV0DFKDGR
$QWyQLR0DULDGD&RVWD/HmR
Ano
1961
1962
1962
$1(;2
Delegação (G/T/P)
'*
'7
'3
'3
'7
'*
'*
DG
'*
'*
'7
'3
'*
'7
'*
'7
'*
'3
'*
'*
'3
'7
'3
'3
DG
'*
DG
'*
'*
'*
'*
'7
'3
'7
'*
'7
'3
'7
'*
'*
'*
'3
'7
'*
'*
&DGHUQRV6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRQž
Nome
$QWyQLR0RUDOHVGHORV5LRV/HLWmR
$UPDQGR3HGURVR/LPD
(GXDUGR%HQHGLWR$)HUUHLULQKD
*XVWDYR1HWRGH0LUDQGD
+HQULTXH6DOJDGR
+HUQkQL0RUDLVH&DVWUR
,VDtDV*RPHV*DXWLHU
-RmR+HQULTXHV'LDV
-RmR5DLPXQGR
-RVp*RPHVGRV6DQWRV&DOLVWR
-RVp*UHJyULRGH)DULD
-RVp-RmR*RQoDOYHVGH3URHQoD
/XtV9D]GH$OPDGD
0DQXHO6HEDVWLmRGH$OPHLGDGH&DUYDOKR'DXQH/RUHQD
Maria Manuela Wahnon Duarte
3HGUR$QWyQLR0RQWHLUR0DXU\
$OEHUWR6HQDGD6LOYD
Alda Mafra
$OH[DQGUH5LEHLURGD&XQKD
$PpULFR6DUDJJD/HDO
$QtEDO-RVp0HQGHV$UUREDVGD6LOYD
$QWyQLRGD&RVWD0RUDLV
$QWyQLR-RUJH'D0RWWD9HLJD
$QWyQLR-RVpGH6RXVD
$QWyQLR-~GLFH%XVWRUII6LOYD
$QWyQLR0DULDGD&RVWD/HmR
$QWyQLR0RUDOHVGHORV5LRV/HLWmR
(GXDUGR%HQHGLWRGH$)HUUHLULQKD
)HUQDQGRGH$OFDPEDU3HUHLUD
+HUFXODQR$IRQVR$QWXQHV
,VDtDV*RPHV*DXWLHU
Isaura Cesário Simões
-RDTXLP(OR\GD6LOYD
-RVp-RmR*RQoDOYHVGH3URHQoD
-RVp0DULD'LDV)LGDOJR
-RVp0LJXHO&UHVSR4XHLUyVGH%DUURV
0DQXHOGD&kPDUDGH&DUYDOKR'DXQH/RUHQD
Ano
1963
1964
1964
Delegação (G/T/P)
'3
'7
'3
'3
'3
'*
'3
'7
'*
'7
'*
'*
'3
'*
DG
'7
'3
DT
'*
'*
'7
'*
'*
'7
'3
'*
'3
'3
'*
'7
'3
DG
'7
'*
'7
'*
'*
Maria Emília Niny Tavares
0iULR0XUWHLUD
5LFDUGR)HUUHLUD0DUWLQV
$OH[DQGUH5LEHLURGD&XQKD
$QWyQLR-~GLFH%XVWRUII6LOYD
$QWyQLR/RSHV5LEHLUR
$QWyQLR0DULDGD&RVWD0RUDLV
$QWyQLR0RUDOHVGHORV5LRV/HLWmR
1964
DG
'*
'3
'*
'3
'7
'*
'3
Nome
$1(;2
$UPDQGR3HGURVRGH/LPD
$VVDKHO-RQDVVDQH0D]XOD
Aurora da Fonseca
&DUORV$QWyQLR/XQDGD&RVWD/HmR
&DUORV$XJXVWR)HUQDQGHV
&DUORV,VLGUR
)HUQDQGRGH$OFDPEDU3HUHLUD
-RmR0DQXHO&RUWH]3LQWR
-RDTXLP3HQDGD&RVWD
-RVp%HUQDUGR
-RVp0DQXHO5LEHLUR6pUYXOR&RUUHLD
/XtV1XQRGD9HLJDGH0HQHVHV&RUGHLUR
0DQXHOGD&kPDUDGH&DUYDOKR'DXQH/RUHQD
1XQRÈOYDUHV'XDUWH0DWLDV)HUUHLUD
3HGUR$QWyQLR0RQWHLUR0DXU\
$OH[DQGUH5LEHLURGD&XQKD
ÈOYDUR9LHLUD%RWmR
$QWyQLR-RVpGH6RXVD
$QWyQLR0DULDGD&RVWD/HmR
$QWyQLR0RUDOHVGHORV5LRV/HLWmR
$UPDQGR3HGURVRGH/LPD
%HQMDPLP$XJXVWR5RFKD
Ano
1965
Delegação (G/T/P)
'7
'7
DG
'*
'*
'*
'*
'*
'3
'3
'*
'*
'*
'*
'7
'*
'7
'7
'*
'3
'7
'3
Diamantina Reis Correia dos Santos
(GXDUGR6FDUODWWL4XDGULR5DSRVR
)HOLVEHUWR0DFKDWLQH
)HUQDQGRGH$OFDPEDU3HUHLUD
-RmR0DQXHO&RUWH]3LQWR
-RVp*DJRGH0HGHLURV
-RVp-RmR*RQoDOYHVGH3URHQoD
-RVp7RPiV&DEUDO&DOYHWGH0DJDOKmHV
-~OLR0RQWHLUR
/XtV0HQH]HV&RUGHLUR
0DQXHOGD&kPDUDGH&DUYDOKR'DXQH/RUHQD
3HGUR)H\WRU3LQWR
3HGUR0DQXHO*HUDOGHV&DUGRVR
$QWyQLR-RVpGH6RXVD
$JQHOR6DOWHU&LG
$OH[DQGUH5LEHLURGD&XQKD
$QWyQLR0DULDGD&RVWD/HmR
$QWyQLR0RUDOHVGHORV5LRV/HLWmR
$UPDQGR3HGURVRGH/LPD
)HOLVEHUWR0DFKDWLQH
)HUQDQGRGH$OFDPEDU3HUHLUD
Flora Silva de Assunção
-DPHV3LQWR%XOO
1966
1967
DG
'*
'3
'*
'*
'3
'*
'*
'*
'*
'*
'*
'*
'7
'*
'*
'*
'3
'7
'3
'*
DG
'*
&DGHUQRV6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRQž
Nome
-RmR5DLPXQGR
-RVp&HOHVWLQR%UDYR0DUWLQV
-RVp*DJRGH0HGHLURV
-RVp5HJRGH$PRULP
-RVp7RPiV&DEUDO&DOYHWGH0DJDOKmHV
/XtV0RUDOHV
/XtV1XQRGD9HLJDGH0HQHVHV&RUGHLUR
0DQXHO$QWyQLR)HUQDQGHV
0DQXHOGD&kPDUDGH&DUYDOKR'DXQH/RUHQD
3HGUR)H\WRU3LQWR
3HGUR0DQXHO*HUDOGHV&DUGRVR
5XL0iULRGH$OPHLGDH9DVFRQFHORV3LPHQWHO
$JQHOR6DOWHU&LG
$OH[DQGUH5LEHLURGD&XQKD
$PpULFR&RHOKRGD6LOYD
$QWyQLR0DULDGD&RVWD/HmR
$QWyQLR0RUDOHVGHORV5LRV/HLWmR
$UPDQGR3HGURVRGH/LPD
)HOLVEHUWR0DFKDWLQH
)HUQDQGRGH$OFDPEDU3HUHLUD
)UDQFLVFR1RUWRQGH0DWRV
)UHGHULFR0DUTXHV
-RVp&HOHVWLQR%UDYR0DUWLQV
-RVp*DJRGH0HGHLURV
-RVp-RmR*RQoDOYHVGH3URHQoD
-RVp/XtVGD&RVWD&DUQHLUR
-RVp7RPiV&DEUDO&DOYHWGH0DJDOKmHV
/XtV0RUDOHV
0DQXHOGD&kPDUDGH&DUYDOKR'DXQH/RUHQD
Maria Manuela Wahnon Duarte
3HGUR)HLWRU3LQWR
3HGUR0DQXHO*HUDOGHV&DUGRVR
5XL0iULRGH$OPHLGDH9DVFRQFHORV3LPHQWHO
$OH[DQGUH5LEHLURGD&XQKD
$QWyQLR%XULW\GD6LOYD
$QWyQLR-RUJHGD0RWWD9HLJD
$QWyQLR0DULDGD&RVWD/HmR
$QWyQLR0RUDOHVGHORV5LRV/HLWmR
$UPDQGR3HGURVRGH/LPD
'DYLG/DLPD
Elisabete Enriques Branco
)HOLVEHUWR0DFKDWLQH
)HUQmR)HUQDQGHV7RPiV
)UHGHULFR0DUTXHV
+HQULTXH$OEHUWR)UHLWDVGR1DVFLPHQWR5RGULJXHV
Ano
1968
1969
Delegação (G/T/P)
'*
'7
'3
'*
'*
'*
'*
'3
'*
'*
'*
'7
'*
'*
'3
'*
'3
'7
'3
'*
'*
'7
'7
'3
'*
'*
'*
'*
'*
DG
'*
'*
'7
'*
'*
'*
'*
'3
'7
'7
DG
'3
'3
'7
'*
Nome
$1(;2
-DPHV3LQWR%XOO
-RmR3HUHLUD%DVWRV
-RDTXLP0DUTXHV$OH[DQGUH
-RVp*DJRGH0HGHLURV
-RVp-RmR*RQoDOYHVGH3URHQoD
-RVp0DULDGD&XQKD5HJRGH$PRULP
/XtV$OEHUWR*DUFLD)HUUHUR0RUDOHV
0DQXHOGD&kPDUDGH&DUYDOKR'DXQH/RUHQD
0DQXHO7HOHV
Maria Eduarda da Silva Soares Ribeiro
3HGUR)HLWRU3LQWR
3HGUR0DQXHO*HUDOGHV&DUGRVR
$FiFLR)HUUHLUD&DWDULQR
$OH[DQGUH5LEHLURGD&XQKD
$QWyQLR*DUFLDGH&DVWLOKR
$QWyQLR-RUJHGD0RWWD9HLJD
$QWyQLR-RVpGH6RXVD
$QWyQLR0DQXHOGH$OPHLGD&LSULDQR0LUDQGD
$QWyQLR0RUDOHVGHORV5LRV/HLWmR
$QWyQLR0RUJDGR%HOR
$QWyQLR6HL[DV/RXom
$UPDQGR3HGURVRGH/LPD
$VVDKHO-RKDVVDQH0D]XOD
(GXDUGR6LOYD&RVWD
)HOLVEHUWR0DFKDWLQH
)HUQDQGR'DYLG/DLPD
)HUQDQGR'LRJRGD6LOYD
)HUQmR)HUQDQGHV7RPiV
)UDQFLVFR(XVpELR)LOLSH
)UHGHULFR0DUTXHV
+HLWRU)HUQDQGHV6DOJXHLUR
+HQULTXH$OEHUWR)UHLWDVGR1DVFLPHQWR5RGULJXHV
Ano
1969
Delegação (G/T/P)
'*
'*
'7
'3
'*
'*
'*
'*
'3
DG
'*
'*
'*
'*
'3
'*
'7
'*
'3
'*
'*
'7
'7
'*
'3
'7
'*
'3
'*
'7
'*
'*
Irene de Almeida Carmo
-DLPH/DQoDGH0RUDLV
-DPHV3LQWR%XOO
-RmR(GXDUGR0RQWHYHUGH3HUHLUD%DVWRV
-RDTXLP'LDVGD6LOYD3LQWR
-RDTXLP0DUTXHV$OH[DQGUH
-RDTXLP6DQWDQDGD6LOYD
-RUJH0DUTXHVGH)UDQoD'yULD0RQWHLUR
-RVp$XJXVWR$ODUFmR7URQL
-RVp%HOH]DGRV6DQWRV&DUYDOKR
-RVp(GXDUGRGH0HOOR*RXYHLD
-RVp0DQXHO%HQWR
/XtV$OEHUWR*DUFLD)HUUHUR0RUDOHV
1970
DT
'*
'*
'*
'*
'7
'3
'3
'*
'*
'*
'*
'*
&DGHUQRV6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRQž
Nome
/XtV-XVWLQR/RSHV*UHJyULR
0DQXHOGD&kPDUDGH&DUYDOKR'DXQH/RUHQD
0DQXHO'XDUWH
0DQXHO)HUUHLUDGD6LOYD
0DQXHO5DPRVGH6RXVD
0DQXHO7HOHV
Ano
Delegação (G/T/P)
'3
'*
'7
'7
'7
'3
Maria Eduarda da Silva Soares Ribeiro
Maria Eduarda Mariz Sarmento
Maria Gertrudes Pascoalinho
Maria Margarida Meira
Maria Margarida Ponte Ferreira
0D[LPLQRGD&RVWD$OPHLGD
1XQR$OEHUWRGH$UD~MR&DEUDO%DVWR
3HGUR)H\WRU3LQWR
3HGUR0DQXHO*HUDOGHV&DUGRVR
5XL(UODQGHU5ROmR*RQoDOYHV
9LUJtOLR5XL7HL[HLUD/RSR
$OH[DQGUH5LEHLURGD&XQKD
$QWyQLR&LSULDQR0LUDQGD
$QWyQLR-RUJHGD0RWWD9HLJD
$QWyQLR-RVpGH6RXVD
$QWyQLR0RUDOHVGHORV5LRV/HLWmR
$UPDQGR3HGURVRGH/LPD
$VVDKHO-RQDVVDQH0D]XOD
%DOWD]DU5HEHORGH6RXVD
(GXDUGRGD6LOYD&RVWD
)HOLVEHUWR0DFKDWLQH
)HUQDQGR'DYLG/DLPD
)HUQmR)HUQDQGHV7RPiV
Flora Silva da Assunção
)UHGHULFR0DUTXHV
-RDTXLP'LDVGD6LOYD3LQWR
-RVp*UHJyULR
-RVp7RPiVGH$QWDV0pJUH
/XtV$OEHUWR*DUFLD)HUUHUR0RUDOHV
0DQXHO)HUUHLUDGD6LOYD
0DQXHO5DPRVGH6RXVD
0DQXHO7HOHV
Maria Alba Anselmo de Castro
1XQR&DEUDO%DVWR
1XQR0)HUUHLUD
3HGUR)H\WRU3LQWR
5XL(UODQGHU5ROmR*RQoDOYHV
9LUJtOLR5XL7HL[HLUD/RSR
=y]LPR-XVWRGD6LOYD
1970
1970
1970
1970
1970
1971
1971
DG
DG
DG
DG
DG
'*
'*
'*
'*
'3
'3
'*
'*
'*
'7
'3
'7
'7
'*
'*
'3
'7
'3
DG
'7
'*
'3
'*
'*
'7
'7
'3
DG
'*
'*
'*
'3
'3
'*
Nome
$1(;2
$OH[DQGUH5LEHLURGD&XQKD
$QWyQLR&LSULDQR0LUDQGD
$QWyQLRGD&RVWD(VWHYHV
$QWyQLR-RUJHGD0RWWD9HLJD
$QWyQLR-RVpGH6RXVD
$QWyQLR0RUDOHVGHORV5LRV/HLWmR
$UPDQGR3HGURVRGH/LPD
%DOWD]DU5HEHORGH6RXVD
&DUORV0DGHLUD
(GXDUGRGD6LOYD&RVWD
)HOLVEHUWR0DFKDWLQH
)HUQDQGR*RPHV$QWXQHV
)HUQmR)HUQDQGHV7RPiV
)UHGHULFR0DUTXHV
+HLWRU6DOJXHLUR
-RDTXLPGD6LOYD3LQWR
-RVp5RGULJXHV3DXOD
/XtV*DUFLD)HUUHUR0RUDOHV
/XtV0DQXHOGH6RXVD0DUWLQV
0DQXHO)HUUHLUDGD6LOYD
0DQXHO5DPRVGH6RXVD
0DQXHO7HOHV
Ano
Delegação (G/T/P)
'*
'*
'3
'*
'7
'3
'7
'*
'*
'*
'3
'7
'3
'7
'*
'*
'*
'*
'7
'7
'7
'3
Maria Margarida Meira
1XQR)HUUHLUD
3HGUR)H\WRU3LQWR
5REHUWR3HUHLUDGH6RXVD
5XL%DUUHWR
5XL(UODQGHU5ROmR*RQoDOYHV
5XL9LUJtOLR7HL[HLUD/RSR
$QWyQLRGD&RVWD/RER
$QWyQLR0RUDOHVGHORV5LRV/HLWmR
)HUQDQGRGH$OFDPEDU3HUHLUD
0DQXHO5DPRVGH6RXVD-~QLRU
$PpULFR5DPRVGRV6DQWRV
ÆQJHOR3LQKR)HUUHLUD
$QWHUR0DUWLQV3LQWR*XLPDUmHV
$QWyQLR$PDURGH0DWRV
$QWyQLR0RUDOHVGHORV5LRV/HLWmR
$YHOLQR$QWyQLR3DFKHFR*RQoDOYHV
%DVtOLR$GROIRGH0HQGRQoD+RUWDGD)UDQFD
'DQLHO&DEULWD
(XJpQLRÏVFDU*DUFLDGD5RVD
)HUQDQGR5HLQR
)HUQmR)HUQDQGHV7RPiV
)LUPLQR-RmR0DUWLQV
1972
DG
'*
'*
'*
'*
'3
'3
'*
'3
'*
'7
'*
'7
'7
'3
'3
'*
'3
'*
'*
'*
'3
'7
&DGHUQRV6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRQž
Nome
)UDQFLVFR&DQDLV5RFKD
+HQULTXH-RVpGH&DUYDOKRGH0RVHU
+XJR%ODVFR)HUQDQGHV
-RmR0DULD&UX]3HUHLUDGH0RXUD
-RUJH0DQXHO5LEHLURGH$UDJmR
/HDQGUR+HQULTXHVGH)LJXHLUHGR
/XtV(GXDUGRGD6LOYD%DUERVD
0DQXHO&RUUHLD/RSHV
0DQXHOGD6LOYD
Maria Teresa Vaz Pires
0iULR+HQULTXHV
0iULR0XWHLUD
1XQR&DVSHUV%UDJDQoD
3HGUR$QWyQLR-RVp%UDGXUW3HVWDQDGH9DVFRQFHORV
5RGROIR&RHOKR5HJR6RHLURGH6RXVD
5XL4XDUWLQ6DQWRV
6pUJLR)HUUHLUD5LEHLUR
9LFWRU0DQXHO0DUTXHV)HUQDQGHV
$OIUHGR0DQXHO5RGULJXHV)LJXHLUHGR)LOLSH
ÈOYDUR)HUQDQGHV5DQD
$QWyQLR$XJXVWR0RUHLUDGH&DPSRV
$QWyQLRGRV6DQWRV%ULQFD
$QWyQLR/XtV0HQGRQoDGH)UHLWDV0DQWHLUR
$QWyQLR0DQXHOGH$OPHLGD&LSULDQRGH0LUDQGD
$QWyQLR0DQXHO5RGULJXHV=LQFNHGRV5HLV
$QWyQLR3HGUR%DFHODU&DUUHOKDV
$UPpQLR&DUPR
$XJXVWR%HQVDEDW)HUUD]6LOYD
%DVtOLR+RUWD
&DUORV-DQXiULR%DOWD]DU1HYHV$PDUR
Ano
1974
Delegação (G/T/P)
'7
'3
'*
'*
'3
'*
'3
'7
'7
DT
'7
'*
'*
'3
'*
'*
'*
'7
'7
'7
'*
'7
'*
'3
'3
'3
'3
'7
'3
'*
Fernanda Agria
)HUQDQGR)UDJRVR5RGULJXHV0DUTXHV
*LO0DUTXHV
+HLWRU)OiYLR)HUQDQGHV6DOJXHLUR
+XJR%ODVFR)HUQDQGHV
-DLPH+HQULTXHV3LUHV
-RmR0DQXHO/HLWmR5LEHLUR
-RmR3HUHLUDGH0RXUD
-RDTXLP3HQKD
-RUJH0DQXHO3UHWR*RXYHLD+RPHP
-RVp&DHWDQRGH&DPSRV$QGUDGHGD&RVWD3HUHLUD
-RVp,QiFLRGD&RVWD0DUWLQV
/XtV$OEHUWR*DUFLD)HUUHUR0RUDOHV
0DQXHO$QWyQLR7HL[HLUDGH)UHLWDV
0DQXHO%DUUHLURV0DUWLQV
1975
DG
'7
'3
'3
'*
'7
'7
'*
'*
'*
'*
'*
'3
'7
'*
Nome
$1(;2
0DQXHO9LFWRU0RUHLUD0DUWLQV
Ano
Delegação (G/T/P)
'*
Maria Beatriz Santana
Maria Fernanda Rodrigues de Melo Covas
Maria Helena Robert Lopes
3HGUR/RII
5RGROIR5HJR6RHLURGH6RXVD
6pUJLR)HUUHLUD5LEHLUR
9DVFR1DYDUUR*UDoD0RXUD
$OWLQRGH0DJDOKmHV*RPHV
ÈOYDUR/XtV6DQWRV6LOYD
$QWyQLR&LSULDQRGH0LUDQGD
$QWyQLR3HGUR%DFHODU&DUUHOKDV
$XJXVWR6LOYD
&DUORV&DUYDOKR
(PtGLR-RVp6HUUDQRGD6LOYD
)HUQDQGR3LHGDGH*RPHV
)UDQFLVFR(XVpELR)LOLSH
+HLWRU)HUQDQGHV6DOJXHLUR
-RmR/RSHVGD6LOYD
-RmR0DUWLQV0DGHLUD
-RDTXLP6DQWDQDGD6LOYD
-RUJH0RLWD
-RVp$OEHUWR9DOpULR'LQLV
-RVp%HOH]D&DUYDOKR
-RVpGRV6DQWRV9LFHQWH
-RVp-RmR&RVWD5DPRV
-RVp0DQXHO&DULQKDV
/XtV$OEHUWR)HUUHUR0RUDOHV
0DQXHO$QWyQLR$OYHV3LQWR
0DQXHO0DULD&DQGHLDV
0DUFHOR&XUWR
0iULR/XtVGD)RQVHFD'LDV
3HGURGH6RXVD0DFHGR
5~EHQ3DFKHFR0DWRV5ROR
6pUJLR1HYHV)HUUHLUDGD6LOYD
7LDJRGRV6DQWRV*RXYHLD
9LFWRUÆQJHOR3HGURVD*RQoDOYHV
9LFWRU+XJRGH-HVXV6HTXHLUD
Adelina Sá Carvalho
ÈOYDUR)HUQDQGHV5DQD
Ana Maria da Silva Marques Martinho
$QWyQLR3HGUR%DFHODU&DUUHOKDV
$UPpQLR$QWyQLR&DUPR
&DUORV$OEHUWR6LP}HV&RHOKR
)HOLFLDQR'DYLG
1975
1975
1975
DT
DT
DG
'*
'*
'*
'*
'3
'7
'3
'3
'7
'7
'3
'7
'*
'3
'3
'7
'*
'7
'7
'*
'3
'*
'7
'3
'7
'7
'*
'*
'3
'7
'7
'7
'7
'7
DG
'7
DG
'3
'3
'*
'*
&DGHUQRV6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRQž
Nome
)UDQFLVFR0DUFHOR&XUWR
+HLWRU)HUQDQGHV6DOJXHLUR
-DLPH/DQoDGH0RUDLV
-RDTXLP0HQGHVGRV6DQWRV&DOKDX
-RDTXLP9LVHX
-RVp$XUpOLRGD6LOYD%DUURV0RXUD
-RVp5RFKD3LPHQWHO
/XtV$OEHUWR)HUUHUR0RUDOHV
/XtV0DULD.DOLGDV%DUUHWR
0DOGRQDGR*RQHOKD
Ano
Delegação (G/T/P)
'*
'3
'3
'7
'3
'7
'*
'3
'7
'*
Maria Celeste Ornelas de Carvalho
Maria de Lourdes Salgueiro Girval
Maria Margarida Meira
Maria Palmira Macedo Tito de Morais
Rosa Maria Simões da Silva Sousa Marques
9LFWRU+XJRGH-HVXV6HTXHLUD
ÈOYDUR)HUQDQGHV5DQD
Adelina Sá Carvalho
Ana Maria da Silva Marques Martinho
Ana Paula Teixeira Feio Vale
$QWyQLR-RVp3URHQoD
$QWyQLR0DQXHO&LSULDQR0LUDQGD
$QWyQLR0RUDOHVGHORV5LRV/HLWmR
$XJXVWR6LOYD
$XUpOLR+RPHP5LEHLUR
&DUORV$OEHUWR6LP}HV&RHOKR
+HLWRU)OiYLR)HUQDQGHV6DOJXHLUR
+HUFXODQR$)UHLUH*RQoDOYHV
-01DVFLPHQWR2OLYHLUD&RYDV
-DLPH/DQoDGH0RUDLV
-RDTXLP0HQGHVGRV6DQWRV&DOKDX
-RVp0DQXHO5RFKD3LPHQWHO
-RVp6DQWDQD&RVWD
/XtV-RVpGH2OLYHLUD1XQHV
1977
1977
1977
1977
1977
1978
1978
1978
DT
DG
DG
DG
DT
'7
'7
DG
DG
DT
'*
'3
'3
'7
'3
'*
'3
'7
'7
'3
'7
'*
'7
'*
Maria Margarida Meira
Rosa Maria Simões da Silva Sousa Marques
6DOYDGRU$QWyQLR0DUWLQV
9DVFR$QWyQLRGD)RQVHFD0DUWLQV
ÈOYDUR)HUQDQGHV5DQD
1978
1978
DG
DT
'7
'*
'7
Ana Maria da Silva Marques Martinho
$QWyQLR-RVp3URHQoDGH6RXVD
$QWyQLR0DQXHO&LSULDQR0LUDQGD
$XJXVWR&%HQVDEDW)HUUD]GD6LOYD
&DUORV$OEHUWR6LP}HV&RHOKR
(GXDUGR*UDoD9DQ=HOOHU
1979
DG
'*
'3
'7
'*
'3
Nome
$1(;2
(XVpELR0DUTXHVGH&DUYDOKR
)HUQDQGR$OYHV)LJXHLUHGR
)HUQDQGR9LFHQWH
)HUQmR0DUFRV5HEHORGH)UHLWDV
+HLWRU)OiYLR)HUQDQGHV6DOJXHLUR
-DLPH/DQoDGH0RUDLV
-RmR$QWyQLR6LP}HVGH$OPDGD
-RmR3HUHLUDGH0RXUD
-RDTXLP$XJXVWR&DUUROD
-RVp+HQULTXHV9D]&DEDFRV
-RVp0$3HUHLUDGH)DULD%ODQF
-RVp0DQXHOGD5RFKD3LPHQWHO
-RVp0DQXHOGH2OLYHLUD&RYDV
/XtV4XDUHVPD5RGULJXHV%UDQFR
0DQXHO3HUHV&RUUHLD
Ano
Delegação (G/T/P)
'*
'7
'3
'*
'3
'3
'3
'*
'7
'*
'3
'*
'7
'7
'7
Maria Helena Robert Lopes
Maria Luísa Geraldes Brotas Carrondo
Odete Esteves de Carvalho
5XL6LOYHVWUHGD9HLJD3LQWR
9DVFR0/RER%UDQGmR5RGULJXHV&DO
9LFWRU+XJRGH-HVXV6HTXHLUD
$OH[DQGUH0DQXHO5RGULJXHV*RQoDOYHV
$QWyQLR*RQoDOYHV-DQHLUR
$QWyQLR0DUWLQVGD&UX]
$QWyQLR5RVD=R]LPR
$XJXVWR*LO%HQVDEDW)HUUD]GD6LOYD
$XJXVWR*RQoDOYHV0DUTXHV
1979
1979
1979
DG
DG
DG
'7
'7
'7
'3
'7
'*
'7
'7
'*
Aurora da Fonseca
'DYLG$XJXVWR%L]DUUR/HDQGUR
Eduarda de Almeida
(XVpELR0DUTXHVGH&DUYDOKR
+DHQGHO2OLYHLUD
+HLWRU)OiYLR)HUQDQGHV6DOJXHLUR
Inácia Maria Caeiro Lopes
-RDTXLP&DUGRVR0DUWLQV
-RVp$OIUHGR%DSWLVWD
-RVp/RSHV5DLPXQGR
-RVp0DQXHOGD5RFKD3LPHQWHO
-RVp1XQHV
/XtV0DQXHO&RVWD6RXVDGH0DFHGR
/XtV0RUDOHV
Maria Alice Vieira Pereira Falcão
Maria Cândida Almeida Ribeiro
Maria do Carmo Nunes
Maria Luísa de Almeida Castilho
1980
1980
1980
1980
1980
1980
1980
DG
'*
DG
'*
'*
'3
DT
'7
'7
'*
'*
'*
'3
'*
DG
DG
DG
DG
&DGHUQRV6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRQž
Nome
Maria Luísa Geraldes Brotas Carrondo
Maria Manuela Ruivo
5HQp&RUGHLUR
5XL/HQFDVWUHGD9HLJD3LQWR
9LFWRU+XJRGH-HVXV6HTXHLUD
$OH[DQGUH0DQXHO5RGULJXHV*RQoDOYHV
Ano
1980
1980
Delegação (G/T/P)
DG
DG
'3
'7
'7
'3
Ana Paula Teixeira Feio Vale
$QWyQLR*HQWLO/DJDUWR
$QWyQLR*RQoDOYHV-DQHLUR
$QWyQLR0DUWLQVGD&UX]
$QWyQLR0RUJDGR3LQWR&DUGRVR
$QWyQLR4XHLUR]0DUWLQV
$UPDQGR-RVp*RPHV7DYDUHV
$XJ*LO%HQVDEDW)HUUD]GD6LOYD
$XJXVWR*RQoDOYHV0DUTXHV
1981
DT
'*
'7
'*
'3
'*
'7
'7
'*
Aurora da Fonseca
&ULVWyYmR$QWyQLR6RDUHV$JXLDU
'DQLHO6RDUHVGH2OLYHLUD
'DYLG$XJXVWR%L]DUUR/HDQGUR
'HOPLURGH6RXVD&RUUHLD
)HUQDQGR$OYHV)LJXHLUHGR
*UHJyULRGD5RFKD1RYR
+HLWRU)OiYLR)HUQDQGHV6DOJXHLUR
+HQULTXHGR1DVFLPHQWR5RGULJXHV
-RVp%DUURV0RXUD
-RVp/XtV-XGDV
-RVp0DQXHOGD5RFKD3LPHQWHO
-RVp0DQXHO)LJXHLUDGH)DULD
-RVp5)RQVHFD+DQGHOGH2OLYHLUD
/XtV0RUDOHV
0DQXHO-RUJH%D]HQJD0DUTXHV
Maria Alice Vieira Pereira Falcão
Maria Cândida Almeida Ribeiro
Maria do Carmo Nunes
Maria Luísa de Almeida Castilho
0iULRGH&DUORV3LQWR
5XL0DQXHO2OLYHLUDH&RVWD
5XL5ROmR*RQoDOYHV
:DOLG0DFLHO&KDYHV6DDG
$OH[DQGUH0DQXHO5RGULJXHV*RQoDOYHV
ÈOYDUR&RUGHLUR'DPDVR
$QWyQLR$OEHUWR&DEHFLQKD
$QWyQLR0DUWLQVGD&UX]
$QWyQLR0RUDOOHV
$QWyQLR0RUJDGR3LQWR&DUGRVR
1981
1981
1981
1981
1981
DG
'*
'3
'*
'7
'7
'3
'3
'*
'7
'7
'*
'*
'*
'*
'*
DG
DG
DG
DG
'*
'7
'3
'*
'3
'*
'7
'*
'*
'3
Nome
$QWyQLR5HJDOKHLUR&KDUDQD
$UWXU0RWD
$XJXVWR6LOYD
&ULVWyYmRGH$JXLDU
'HOPLURGH6RXVD&RUUHLD
)UDQFLVFR0DQXHOGH2OLYHLUD&RVWD
*UHJyULRGD5RFKD1RYR
+HLWRU)OiYLR)HUQDQGHV6DOJXHLUR
-RmR-RVp/H&RFT1HYHVGD&RVWD
-RDTXLP)HUQDQGHV0DUTXHV
-RVp$QWyQLR6LOYHLUD6XEWLO
-RVp%DLORWH)HUQDQGHV
-RVp%DUURV0RXUD
-RVp)RQVHFD+DQGHOGH2OLYHLUD
-RVp0DQXHOGD5RFKD3LPHQWHO
-RVp0DQXHO)LJXHLUDGH)DULD
-RVp3HUHLUD/RSHV
0DQXHO-RUJH%D]HQJD0DUTXHV
Maria Gomes Antunes Bento
Maria Helena Robert Lopes
5XL*RQoDOYHVGD6LOYD
5XL+HUODQGHU5ROmR*RQoDOYHV
9LFWRU+XJR6HTXHLUD
:DOLG0DFLHO&KDYHV6DDG
$FiFLR)HUUHLUD&DWDULQR
$GHOLQR&RXWR5RGULJXHVGD6LOYD
$OH[DQGUH0DQXHO5RGULJXHV*RQoDOYHV
$QWyQLR0DUWLQVGD&UX]
$QWyQLR0RUJDGR3LQWR&DUGRVR
$QWyQLR5HJDOKHLUR&KDUDQD
$UWXU-RVp0RUHLUD3HUHLUDGD0RWD
$XJXVWR6LOYD
&DUORV&DUYDOKR
&ULVWRYmRGH$JXLDU
&XVWyGLR7DYDUHVGD9HQGD
'HOPLURGH6RXVD&DUUHLUD
)UDQFLVFR0DQXHOGH2OLYHLUD&RVWD
*UHJyULRGD5RFKD1RYR
+HLWRU)OiYLR)HUQDQGHV6DOJXHLUR
-RmR0DULD3HUHLUDGH0RXUD
-RDTXLP0DULD)HUQDQGHV0DUTXHV
-RVp/XtV-XGDV
-RVp0DQXHOGD5RFKD3LPHQWHO
-RVp3HUHLUD/RSHV
-RVp5)RQVHFD+DQGHOGH2OLYHLUD
Ano
1982
$1(;2
Delegação (G/T/P)
'*
'*
'7
'*
'7
'3
'3
'3
'3
'*
'7
'*
'7
'*
'*
'*
'7
'*
'7
DG
'*
'3
'7
'*
'*
'*
'3
'*
'3
'*
'*
'7
'7
'*
'3
'7
'3
'3
'3
'*
'*
'7
'*
'7
'*
&DGHUQRV6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRQž
Nome
-RVp6LOYD
/XtV0LUDQGD)HUQDQGHV
/XtV0RUDOHV
0DQXHO-RUGmR
0DQXHO-RUJH%D]HQJD0DUTXHV
Maria Cândida Almeida Ribeiro
Maria Emília Reis
Maria Odete Cordeiro Vital
2FWDYLDQR*HUDOGR&DEUDO0RWD
5XL*RQoDOYHVGD6LOYD
5XL0DQXHO'XDUWHGH6RXVD2OLYHLUD
9tWRU0DQVLQKR%RWHOKR
$FiFLR)HUUHLUD&DWDULQR
$OIUHGR0RUJDGR
$PkQGLR$QHVGH$]HYHGR
$QWyQLR*DVSDU,QRFrQFLR3HUHLUD
$QWyQLR0DUWLQVGD&UX]
$QWyQLR0RUJDGR3LQWR&DUGRVR
$XJXVWR6LOYD
)UDQFLVFR0DQXHOGH2OLYHLUD&RVWD
*UHJyULRGD5RFKD1RYR
+HLWRU)OiYLR)HUQDQGHV6DOJXHLUR
-RmR0DULD3HUHLUDGH0RXUD
-RDTXLP0DQXHO$UHQJD
-RVp%DUURV0RXUD
-RVp&RQFHLomR1XQHV
-RVp/XtV-XGDV
-RVp0DQXHO%LFKR0DUWLQV3LVFR
-RVp0DQXHOGD5RFKD3LPHQWHO
-RVp0DQXHOGH0DWRV
-RVp0DQXHO9HOXGR
-RVp5DXO)RQVHFD+DQGHOGH2OLYHLUD
0DQXHO-RUGmR
0DQXHO-RUJH%D]HQJD0DUTXHV
0DQXHO-RVp0RQWHLUR/RUJD
Maria Alba Anselmo de Castro
Maria Helena Robert Lopes
Maria Laura Seixas Rabaça Gaspar
2UODQGR/DUDQMHLURGRV6DQWRV
5XL$OEHUWR%DUUDGDVGR$PDUDO
5XL*RQoDOYHVGD6LOYD
9LFWRU+XJR6HTXHLUD
9LFWRU0DQXHO6DPSDLR&DHWDQR5DPDOKR
$OEHUWR6iH0HOOR
$OIUHGR0RUJDGR
Ano
1983
1983
1983
1984
1984
1984
Delegação (G/T/P)
'7
'7
'*
'*
'*
DG
DT
DG
'*
'*
'3
'7
'*
'7
'*
'*
'*
'3
'7
'3
'3
'3
'*
'7
'7
'*
'7
'*
'*
'3
'7
'*
'*
'*
'7
DG
DG
DG
'7
'*
'*
'7
'*
'3
'7
Nome
$1(;2
$PkQGLR$QHVGH$]HYHGR
Ano
Delegação (G/T/P)
'*
Ana Paula Teixeira Feio Vale
$QWyQLRGH0HORH&DVWUR
$QWyQLR*DVSDU,QRFrQFLR3HUHLUD
$QWyQLR0RUJDGR3LQWR&DUGRVR
$XJXVWR6LOYD
1985
DT
'*
'*
'3
'7
Aurora da Fonseca
&DUORV%ODQFRGH0RUDLV
'DYLG/HDQGUR
)UDQFLVFR0DQXHOGH2OLYHLUD&RVWD
*UHJyULRGD5RFKD1RYR
+HLWRU)OiYLR)HUQDQGHV6DOJXHLUR
-RDTXLP0DQXHO$UHQJD
-RVp$QWyQLRGH6RXVD)LDOKR
-RVp%DUURV0RXUD
-RVp/XtV-XGDV
-RVp0DQXHOGD5RFKD3LPHQWHO
-RVp0DQXHO0RQWHLUR9HOXGR
-RVp3HUHLUD/RSHV
-RVp5DXO)RQVHFD+DQGHOGH2OLYHLUD
-~OLR9LHLUD0HVTXLWD
0DQXHO-RUGmR
0DQXHO0DUTXHV
0DQXHO5LEHLUR$UUXGD
0DUFHOR0DWKLDV
1985
DG
'3
'*
'3
'3
'3
'7
'*
'7
'7
'*
'7
'7
'*
'*
'*
'*
'*
'*
Maria Alba Anselmo de Castro
Maria Cândida Almeida Ribeiro
Maria Emília Reis
5XL$OEHUWR%DUUDGDVGR$PDUDO
5XL*RQoDOYHVGD6LOYD
9tWRU0DQXHO6DPSDLR&DHWDQR5DPDOKR
Ana Paula Teixeira Feio Vale
$OEHUWR&KXUUR
$QWyQLRGH0HOORH&DVWUR
$QWyQLR)HUQDQGR&RXWRGRV6DQWRV
$QWyQLR0RUJDGR3LQWR&DUGRVR
$UPDQGR6DQWRV
$UWXU-RVp0RUHLUD3HUHLUDGD0RWD
$XJXVWR6LOYD
&DUORV%ODQFRGH0RUDLV
'DYLG/HDQGUR
)UDQFLVFR0DQXHOGH2OLYHLUD&RVWD
*UHJyULRGD5RFKD1RYR
+HLWRU)OiYLR)HUQDQGHV6DOJXHLUR
-RDTXLP0DULD)HUQDQGHV0DUTXHV
1985
1985
1985
1986
DG
DG
DT
'*
'*
'*
DT
'*
'*
'*
'3
'7
'*
'7
'3
'*
'3
'3
'3
'*
&DGHUQRV6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRQž
Nome
-RVp$OYHVGD6LOYD
-RVp0DQXHO0RQWHLUR9HOXGR
/XtV)LOLSH6%RUJHV6LOYHLUD
/XtV0LUD$PDUDO
0DQXHO-RUJH0DUTXHV
0DQXHO5LEHLUR$UUXGD
Ano
Delegação (G/T/P)
'7
'7
'*
'*
'*
'*
Maria Emília Reis
Maria Helena Robert Lopes
Maria Luísa Pombo
5XL*RQoDOYHVGD6LOYD
5X\+HUODQGHU5ROmR
9LFWRU+XJR6HTXHLUD
$PDGHX'LDV
1986
1986
1986
DT
DG
DG
'*
'3
'7
'*
Ana Paula Teixeira Feio Vale
Ana Paula Teixeira Feio Vale
$QGUDGH0RWD&DYDOKHLUR
$QWyQLR0RFKR
$QWyQLR0RUJDGR3LQWR&DUGRVR
$QWyQLR3HGUR&RUUHLDGRV6DQWRV
$UPDQGR5HLV/HLWmR
$UWXU3HUHLUDGD0RWD
$XJXVWR)HUUD]6LOYD
&DUORV%DQGHLUD
&DUORV%ODQFRGH0RUDLV
&LSULDQR&DUGRVR3LQWR
&ULVWRYmRGH$JXLDU
(PtGLR)HUUHLUD0DUWLQV
)UHGHULFR)HUQDQGHV3HUHLUD
*UHJyULRGD5RFKD1RYR
+HLWRU)OiYLR)HUQDQGHV6DOJXHLUR
+HQULTXHGR1DVFLPHQWR5RGULJXHV
+HUPtQLR*RPHV)HUQDQGHV
,YR&RVWD/RSHV
-RDTXLP0DULD)HUQDQGHV0DUTXHV
-RDTXLP0DUWLQV
-RVp$OPHLGD2OLYHLUD)DULD
-RVp$QWyQLR3LQWR%HOR
-RVp%UDQFR9LHLUD
-RVp&DVLPLUR0DUFLDO$OYHV
-RVp/XtV-XGDV
-RVp0RQWHLUR9HOXGR
-RVp9LHLUD%UDQFR
-RVp9LHLUD&RQGH
Liliana Mascarenhas Neto
/XtV)LOLSH6%RUJHV6LOYHLUD
1987
1987
1987
DT
DT
'*
'*
'3
'3
'3
'*
'7
'7
'3
'*
'*
'7
'7
'3
'3
'*
'3
'3
'*
'7
'*
'*
'*
'*
'7
'7
'*
'*
DG
'*
Nome
$1(;2
/XtV0LUD$PDUDO
0DQXHO-RUGmR
0DQXHO-RUGmR
0DQXHO-RUJH%D]HQJD0DUTXHV
0DQXHO5LEHLUR$UUXGD
0DQXHO7DEDX
0DUFHOLQR3HUHLUD*RPHV
Maria Cândida Almeida Ribeiro
Maria Cândida Almeida Ribeiro
Maria Luís Bação
5RJpULR*UHJyULR7FKRQ
5RJpULR3LQWR
5~EHQ3DFKHFR0DWRV5ROR
5XL*RQoDOYHVGD6LOYD
5XL0DQXHO3HUHLUD)HUQDQGHV
6DOGDQKD%HQWR
Alexandra Costa Artur
$PDGHX'LDV
Ano
1987
1987
1987
1988
Delegação (G/T/P)
'*
'*
'*
'*
'*
'*
'7
DG
DG
DG
'*
'7
'7
'*
'3
'*
DP
'*
Ana Martins Gomes
Ana Paula Teixeira Feio Vale
$QWyQLR&RVWD/RER
$QWyQLR-RVp6DQWRV1XQHV
$QWyQLR0RUJDGR3LQWR&DUGRVR
$XJXVWR3LQWR%DSWLVWD
&LSULDQR&DUGRVR3LQWR
*UHJyULRGD5RFKD1RYR
+HLWRU)OiYLR)HUQDQGHV6DOJXHLUR
+HQULTXHGR1DVFLPHQWR5RGULJXHV
-RmR0$PRU
-RDTXLP0DUWLQV
-RVp$OELQRGD6LOYD3HQHGD
-RVp$QtEDOGD&UX]/XtV
-RVp&DUQHLURGH$OPHLGD
-RVp0DQXHO6HYHULQRGH$QGUDGH
-RVp9LHLUD%UDQFR
Liliana Mascarenhas Neto
/XtV)LOLSH6%RUJHV6LOYHLUD
0DQXHO-RUJH%D]HQJD0DUTXHV
0DQXHO5LEHLUR$UUXGD
1988
1988
1988
DG
DT
'*
'7
'3
'*
'*
'3
'3
'*
'*
'7
'*
'7
'*
'*
'*
DG
'*
'*
'*
Maria Helena Robert Lopes
Maria Luís Bação
0iULR-RUJH5RGULJXHV0DFKDGR
5XL*RQoDOYHVGD6LOYD
5XL0DQXHO3HUHLUD)HUQDQGHV
9LFWRU+XJR6HTXHLUD
1988
1988
DG
DG
'3
'*
'3
'7
&DGHUQRV6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRQž
Nome
$OIUHGR0RUJDGR
$GHOLQR&RXWR5RGULJXHVGD6LOYD
$PDGHX'LDV
Ano
Delegação (G/T/P)
'7
'*
'*
Ana Martins Gomes
Ana Paula Teixeira Feio Vale
$QWHQRU0RQWHLUR%DUURV
$QWyQLR&RVWD/RER
$QWyQLR0RUJDGR3LQWR&DUGRVR
$UPDQGR*RPHV7DYDUHV
&DUORV%ODQFRGH0RUDLV
'DYLG/HDQGUR
*UHJyULRGD5RFKD1RYR
+HLWRU)OiYLR)HUQDQGHV6DOJXHLUR
+HQULTXHGR1DVFLPHQWR5RGULJXHV
-RmR$PRU
-RUJH6HDEUD
-RVp$OELQRGD6LOYD3HQHGD
-RVp%DSWLVWD)HUQDQGHV
-RVp+RUWDH&RVWD
-RVp/XtV-XGDV
-RVp0DQXHO&DULQKDV
Liliana Mascarenhas Neto
/XtV7RPpGH$OPHLGD
0DQXHO%D]HQJD0DUTXHV
0DQXHO5LEHLUR$UUXGD
1989
1989
DG
'7
'7
'*
'3
'7
'3
'*
'3
'3
'*
'*
'*
'*
'7
'7
'7
'7
DG
'*
'*
'*
Maria Cândida Almeida Ribeiro
Maria do Carmo Fernandes
Maria Helena Robert Lopes
Maria Josefina Seabra Teles de Menezes Correia Leitão
0iULR-RUJH5RGULJXHV0DFKDGR
3HGUR0RLWLQKRGH$OPHLGD
5XL*RQoDOYHVGD6LOYD
5XL0DQXHO3HUHLUD)HUQDQGHV
5X\*RQoDOYHV
1989
1989
1989
1989
DG
DT
DG
DG
'3
'*
'*
'3
'3
Alexandra Costa Artur
$GHOLQR&RXWR5RGULJXHVGD6LOYD
$OIUHGR0RUJDGR
$PDGHX'LDV
Ana Paula Teixeira Feio Vale
$QWyQLR&RVWD/RER
$QWyQLR0RUJDGR3LQWR&DUGRVR
$UPDQGR*RPHV7DYDUHV
$XJXVWR&RHOKR3UDFD
Crisalida Abrantes
'DYLG$XJXVWR%L]DUUR/HDQGUR
1990
1990
1990
DP
'*
'7
'*
DT
'*
'3
'7
'7
DG
'*
Nome
$1(;2
*UHJyULRGD5RFKD1RYR
+HLWRU)OiYLR)HUQDQGHV6DOJXHLUR
+RUWDH&RVWD
-RmR)LJXHLUHGR$PRU
-RVp$OELQRGD6LOYD3HQHGD
-RVp07RUUHV&RXWR
Ano
Delegação (G/T/P)
'3
'3
'7
'*
'*
'7
Liliana Mascarenhas Neto
/XtV&ULVWLQDGH%DUURV
/XtV7RPpGH$OPHLGD
0DQXHO%D]HQJD0DUTXHV
0DQXHO5LEHLUR$UUXGD
Maria Cândida Almeida Ribeiro
Maria do Carmo Fernandes
Maria Helena Robert Lopes
Maria Josefina Seabra Teles de Menezes Correia Leitão
Maria Natércia B. Duarte Rodrigues
0iULR&XVWyGLR
5XL*RQoDOYHVGD6LOYD
5XL0DQXHO3HUHLUD)HUQDQGHV
5X\*RQoDOYHV
9LFWRU+XJR6HTXHLUD
$OEHUWR6iH0HOOR
$GHOLQR&RXWR5RGULJXHVGD6LOYD
$PDGHX'LDV
$PpULFR&DODGR/RSHV
1990
1990
1990
1990
1990
1990
DG
'*
'*
'*
'*
DG
DT
DG
DG
DG
'3
'*
'3
'3
'7
'3
'*
'*
'*
Ana Paula Teixeira Feio Vale
$QWyQLR0RUJDGR3LQWR&DUGRVR
$XJXVWR&RHOKR3UDFD
Cristina Nagy Morais
*UHJyULRGD5RFKD1RYR
+HLWRU)OiYLR)HUQDQGHV6DOJXHLUR
-RmR$)LJXHLUR$PRU
-RUJH0DQXHO9LWRULQR6DQWRV
-RUJH6HDEUD
-RVp$OELQRGD6LOYD3HQHGD
-RVpGH)ULDV*RPHV
-RVp/XtV-XGDV
-RVp00$OPHLGD0HVTXLWD
-RVp3LQWR%HOR
1991
1991
DT
'3
'7
DP
'3
'3
'*
'7
'*
'*
'3
'7
'3
'*
Liliana Mascarenhas Neto
/XtV&ULVWLQDGH%DUURV
/XtV5RPDGH$OEXTXHUTXH
/XtV7RPpGH$OPHLGD
0DQXHO&DUYDOKRGD6LOYD
0DQXHO-%D]HQJD0DUTXHV
1991
DG
'*
'*
'*
'7
'*
&DGHUQRV6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRQž
Nome
0DQXHO5LEHLUR$UUXGD
Ano
Delegação (G/T/P)
'*
Maria Cândida Almeida Ribeiro
Maria Helena Robert Lopes
Maria Natércia B. Duarte Rodrigues
Maria Ramos Nunes Fernandes
0iULR&RUUHLD&XVWyGLR
1HOVRQ0RUHLUD*XHGHV
5XL*RQoDOYHVGD6LOYD
5XL0DQXHO*3HUHLUD)HUQDQGHV
$GHOLQR&RXWR5RGULJXHVGD6LOYD
$JRVWLQKR5RVHWD
$OEHUWR6iH0HOOR
Alexandra Costa Artur
$OIUHGRGD6LOYD
$PDGHX'LDV
$QWyQLR%RWmR
$QWyQLR03LQWR&DUGRVR
$QWyQLR9&DUUHLUDGH2OLYHLUD
&DUORV$QWyQLRGH&DUYDOKR
)HUQDQGR0DXUtFLR&DUYDOKR
*UHJyULRGD5RFKD1RYR
+HLWRU)OiYLR)HUQDQGHV6DOJXHLUR
+HQULTXHGR1DVFLPHQWR5RGULJXHV
-RmR)HUUHLUD0RQWR\D
-RmR3HUHLUDGH0RXUD
-RUJH$OPHLGD6HDEUD
-RVp$6DQWRV/HLWmR
-RVp$OELQRGD6LOYD3HQHGD
-RVp07RUUHV&RXWR
-RVp0DQXHO&DULQKDV
-RVp0RQWHLUR9HOXGR
-RVp3LQWR%HOR
1991
1991
1991
1991
1992
DG
DG
DG
DG
'3
'7
'*
'3
'*
'7
'3
DP
'*
'*
'*
'*
'*
'7
'7
'3
'3
'*
'3
'*
'*
'*
'*
'7
'7
'7
'*
Liliana Mascarenhas Neto
/XtV&ULVWLQDGH%DUURV
/XtVGH6RXVD/RUYmR
/XtV7RPpGH$OPHLGD
0DQXHO&DUYDOKR3DUHQWH
0DQXHO-%D]HQJD0DUTXHV
0DQXHO5LEHLUR$UUXGD
1992
DG
'*
'*
'*
'*
'*
'*
Maria Cândida Almeida Ribeiro
Maria Emília Reis
Maria Helena Robert Lopes
Maria José Policarpo
Maria Ramos Nunes Fernandes
Maria Rosa Represas
1992
1992
1992
1992
1992
1992
DG
DT
DG
DG
DG
DT
Nome
$1(;2
0iULR&RUUHLD&XVWyGLR
5XL*RQoDOYHVGD6LOYD
5XL0DQXHO*3HUHLUD)HUQDQGHV
5XL0DQXHO6LP}HV
5XL3LQWR
9LFWRU&RUUHLD)LOLSH
9LFWRU+XJR6HTXHLUD
=y]LPR-XVWRGD6LOYD
$OEHUWR6iH0HOOR
$FiFLR5RTXH
Ano
Delegação (G/T/P)
'3
'*
'3
'*
'7
'*
'7
'*
'3
'*
Alexandra Costa Artur
$PDGHX'LDV
$QWyQLR%RWmR
$QWyQLR*DVSDUGD6LOYD
$QWyQLR3LQWR&DUGRVR
1993
DP
'*
'*
'*
'*
Apolónia Teixeira
$UWKXU3HQHGRV
&DUORV$QWyQLRGH&DUYDOKR
&DUORV7ULQGDGH
(GXDUGR%UD]mRGH&DVWUR
(GXDUGR4XLQWDQRYD
Elisa Damião
)HUQDQGR0DXUtFLR&DUYDOKR
)ORULYDO5RVD/DQoD
)UDQFLVFR%9DQ=HOOHU
*UHJyULRGD5RFKD1RYR
+HLWRU)OiYLR)HUQDQGHV6DOJXHLUR
-RVp$OELQRGD6LOYD3HQHGD
-RVp$QWyQLR3LQWR%HOR
-RVp3XLJ
1993
1993
DG
'*
'7
'7
'*
'7
DG
'7
'7
'3
'3
'3
'*
'*
'*
Liliana Gouveia Araújo
/XtV%DVWRV
/XtV&ULVWLQDGH%DUURV
/XtV7RPpGH$OPHLGD
1993
DG
'*
'*
'*
Maria Cândida Almeida Ribeiro
0aria de Fátima Falcão de Campos
Maria do Carmo Fernandes
Maria Emília Castro
Maria Helena Robert Lopes
Maria José Policarpo
0iULR&RUUHLD&XVWyGLR
5XL*RQoDOYHVGD6LOYD
5XL0DQXHO*3HUHLUD)HUQDQGHV
5XL3LQWR
1993
1993
1993
1993
1993
1993
DG
DG
DT
DT
DG
DG
'3
'*
'3
'7
Wanda Olavo Corrêa d'Azevedo Guimarães
1993
DT
&DGHUQRV6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRQž
Nome
=y]LPR-XVWRGD6LOYD
Ano
Delegação (G/T/P)
'*
Ana Cristina Vieira
Ana Maria Basto Perez
$QtEDOGH)LJXHLUHGR)HUQDQGHV
$QWyQLR-*DVSDUGD6LOYD
$QWyQLR0RUJDGR3LQWR&DUGRVR
$QWyQLR6pUJLR9LWRULQR*ULOR
&DUORV$QWyQLRGH&DUYDOKR
(GXDUGR%UD]mRH&DVWUR
)HUQDQGR0DQXHO3LUHV0DUTXHV
)HUQDQGR5LEHLUR/RSHV
)UDQFLVFR%HOOR9DQ=HOOHU
*UHJyULRGD5RFKD1RYR
+HLWRU)OiYLR)HUQDQGHV6DOJXHLUR
-RmR3HGUR6DOGDQKD6HUUD
-RVp)DOFmRH&XQKD
-RVp0DQXHO7RUUHV&RXWR
-RVp0RQWHLUR9HOXGR
-RVp3LQWR%HOR
-RVp5RVD0DFHGR
1994
1994
DP
DG
'*
'*
'*
'*
'7
'*
'7
'*
'3
'3
'3
'*
'*
'7
'7
'*
'*
Liliana Gouveia Araújo
/XtV%DVWRV
/XtV&ULVWLQDGH%DUURV
/XtV7RPpGH$OPHLGD
0DUFHOLQR3HQD&RVWD
1994
DG
'*
'*
'*
'3
Maria Helena Robert Lopes
Maria Teresa Paccetti dos Santos Lobo Correia
0iULR-RUJH&RUUHLD&XVWyGLR
5XL)HUQDQGR&RXWRGRV6DQWRV
5XL*RQoDOYHVGD6LOYD
5XL0DQXHO3HUHLUD)HUQDQGHV
9LFWRU+XJR6HTXHLUD
1994
1994
DG
DG
'3
'7
'*
'3
'7
Wanda Olavo Corrêa d'Azevedo Guimarães
=y]LPR-XVWRGD6LOYD
1994
DT
'*
Alexandra Costa Artur
$QtEDOGH)LJXHLUHGR)HUQDQGHV
$QWyQLR-*DVSDUGD6LOYD
&DUORV$OYHV7ULQGDGH
&DUORV$QWyQLRGH&DUYDOKR
&DUORV0HQGHV
&KL+RQJ:RQJ
(GXDUGR$%UD]mRH&DVWUR
)HUQDQGR0DXUtFLR&DUYDOKR
)HUQDQGR5LEHLUR/RSHV
)ORULYDO5RVD/DQoD
1995
DP
'*
'*
'7
'7
'7
'*
'*
'7
'*
'7
Nome
$1(;2
)UDQFLVFR9DQ=HOOHU
*RQoDOR6DQWD&ODUD*RPHV
*UHJyULRGD5RFKD1RYR
Ano
Delegação (G/T/P)
'3
'*
'3
Guida Maria Vieira Martins
+HLWRU)OiYLR)HUQDQGHV6DOJXHLUR
-RmR6DOGDQKD6HUUD
-RDTXLP&RHOKDV'LRQtVLR
-RVp)DOFmRH&XQKD
-RVp0RQWHLUR9HOXGR
-RVp9DUDWRMR-XQLRU
1995
DT
'3
'*
'7
'*
'7
'*
Liliana Gouveia Araújo
/XtV&ULVWLQDGH%DUURV
/XtVGH6RXVD%DVWRV
/XtV7RPpGH$OPHLGD
0DUFHOLQR3HQD&RVWD
1995
DG
'*
'*
'*
'3
Maria Cândida Almeida Ribeiro
Maria Helena Robert Lopes
Maria Luísa Geraldes Brotas Carrondo
0iULR&RUUHLD&XVWyGLR
0LJXHOÆQJHOR%ULWR
5XL*RQoDOYHVGD6LOYD
5XL3HUHLUD)HUQDQGHV
1995
1995
1995
DG
DG
DG
'3
'*
'*
'3
Wanda Olavo Corrêa d'Azevedo Guimarães
Alexandra Costa Artur
$PtOFDU5DPRV
$QWyQLR$OH[DQGUH'HOJDGR
$QWyQLRGH/HPRV0RQWHLUR)HUQDQGHV
$QWyQLR-RVp*DVSDUGD6LOYD
&DUORV$OEHUWR5RGULJXHV%DQGHLUD
&DUORV$QWyQLRGH&DUYDOKR
(GXDUGR%UD]mRH&DVWUR
(GXDUGR&KDJDV
)HUQDQGR0RUHLUDGD6LOYD
)HUQDQGR5LEHLUR/RSHV
)UDQFLVFR(XVpELR)LOLSH
)UDQFLVFR9DQ=HOOHU
*RQoDOR6DQWD&ODUD*RPHV
*UHJyULRGD5RFKD1RYR
Guida Maria Vieira Martins
+HLWRU)OiYLR)HUQDQGHV6DOJXHLUR
-HUyQLPR5RGULJXHV
-RmRGH'HXV
-RmR1XQHV
-RmR3HUHLUDGH0RXUD
-RmR3URHQoD
1995
1996
1996
DT
DP
'7
'7
'*
'*
'7
'7
'*
'7
'*
'*
'*
'3
'*
'3
DT
'3
'7
'7
'3
'*
'7
&DGHUQRV6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRQž
Nome
-RDTXLPGD6LOYD&DVFDLV
-RVp$QWyQLR3LQWR%HOR
-RVp$QWyQLR3LQWR%HOR
-RVp3DXOR)DULQKD
/XtV$UPDQGRGH6RXVD%DVWRV
/XtV%DUUHLUDGH6RXVD
/XtVGH$OPHLGD
/XtV7RPpGH$OPHLGD
/XtV7RPpGH$OPHLGD
0DUFHOLQR3HQD&RVWD
Ano
Delegação (G/T/P)
'*
'*
'*
'3
'*
'*
'7
'*
'*
'3
Maria Cândida Medeiros Soares
Maria Helena Robert Lopes
Maria João Fernandes Rodrigues
Maria Luísa Geraldes Brotas Carrondo
Maria Odete Cordeiro Vital
Maria Teresa Paccetti dos Santos Lobo Correia
0iULR&DOGHLUD'LDV
0iULR&RUUHLD&XVWyGLR
0LJXHO)DZRU
5XL*RQoDOYHVGD6LOYD
5XL0DQXHO-HUYLV3HUHLUD)HUQDQGHV
6pUJLR0DQXHO*RQoDOYHV
9LFWRU+XJR6HTXHLUD
Wanda Olavo Corrêa d'Azevedo Guimarães
Zélia de Matos
$PtOFDU5DPRV
Ana Cristina Vieira
$QWyQLRGH/HPRV0RQWHLUR)HUQDQGHV
$QWyQLR6pUJLR9LWRULQR*ULOR
Carla Almeida e Sousa
&DUORV&DUYDOKR
&DUORV0DQXHO$OYHV7ULQGDGH
&KL+RQJ:RQJ
(GXDUGR%UD]mRGH&DVWUR
(YDULVWR*XHUUDGH2OLYHLUD
)HUQDQGR0DQXHO0DXUtFLRGH&DUYDOKR
)HUQDQGR5LEHLUR/RSHV
)ORULYDO5RVD/DQoD
*RQoDOR6DQWD&ODUD*RPHV
*UHJyULRGD5RFKD1RYR
+HLWRU)OiYLR)HUQDQGHV6DOJXHLUR
Isabel Marquez Ribeiro da Silva
-RmR+HQULTXHVGH)LJXHLUHGR3HUHLUD0RQWR\D
-RDTXLP0DUWLQV
-RVp$QWyQLR3LQWR%HOR
1996
1996
1996
1996
1996
1996
1996
1996
1997
1997
1997
DG
DG
DG
DG
DG
DG
'*
'3
'*
'*
'3
'*
'7
DT
DG
'7
DP
'*
'*
DT
'7
'7
'*
'*
'7
'7
'*
'7
'*
'3
'3
DG
'3
'7
'*
Nome
$1(;2
-RVp0DFHGR
/XtV%DUUHLUDGH6RXVD
/XtV7RPpGH$OPHLGD
0DUFHOLQR3HQDH&RVWD
Maria Cândida Medeiros Soares
Maria Eduarda da Silva Soares Ribeiro
Maria Helena Robert Lopes
Maria João Fernandes Rodrigues
0iULR&RUUHLD&XVWyGLR
5XL%HWWHQFRXUW/HLWH
5XL*RQoDOYHVGD6LOYD
5XL0DQXHO-HUYLV3HUHLUD)HUQDQGHV
9DVFR&RODUHV3HUHLUD
$OEHUWR6iH0HOOR
$PtOFDU5DPRV
$QWyQLR5DPRV$QGUp
$QWyQLR5RGULJXHV
$QWyQLR6RDUHV)HUUHLUD
$UWXU3HQHGRV
&DUORV$QWyQLRGH&DUYDOKR
&DUORV0DLD0DFKDGR
(GXDUGR%UD]mRGH&DVWUR
(GXDUGR)HUUR5RGULJXHV
Elisa Damião
)HUQDQGR5LEHLUR/RSHV
)HUQDQGR5LEHLUR0HQGHV
Filomena Bordalo
*RQoDOR6DQWD&ODUD*RPHV
*RQoDOR9HOKR
*UHJyULRGD5RFKD1RYR
+HLWRU)OiYLR)HUQDQGHV6DOJXHLUR
Inês Cordovil
Isabel Marquez Ribeiro da Silva
-RmR+HQULTXHVGH)LJXHLUHGR3HUHLUD0RQWR\D
-RmR3URHQoD
-RUJH5DWR
-RVp$QWyQLR3LQWR%HOR
-RVp0HLULQKR
-RVp5RVD0DFHGR
/RX6RL3HQ
/XtV7RPpGH$OPHLGD
0DUFHOLQR3HQDH&RVWD
Ano
1997
1997
1997
1997
1998
1998
1998
1998
Delegação (G/T/P)
'*
'*
'*
'3
DG
DG
DG
DG
'3
'*
'*
'3
'*
'3
'7
'*
'*
'*
'*
'7
'*
'*
'*
DG
'*
'*
DG
'*
'*
'3
'3
DG
DG
'3
'7
'*
'*
'7
'*
'*
'*
'3
Maria de Fátima Moreira Pinto
Maria Eduarda da Silva Soares Ribeiro
Maria Emília Reis
1998
1998
1998
DT
DG
DT
&DGHUQRV6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRQž
Nome
Maria Helena Robert Lopes
Maria Luísa Guimarães
0iULR&RUUHLD&XVWyGLR
1XQR&RUUHLDGD6LOYD
Odete Santos
3HGURGH)RQWRXUD0DGXUHLUD
5XL%HWWHQFRXUW/HLWH
5XL*RQoDOYHVGD6LOYD
5XL0DQXHO-HUYLV3HUHLUD)HUQDQGHV
9LFWRU+XJR6HTXHLUD
$OEHUWR6iH0HOOR
Alexandra Freire
ÈOYDURGH0HQGRQoDH0RXUD
Ano
1998
1998
1998
1999
Delegação (G/T/P)
DG
DG
'3
'*
DG
'*
'*
'*
'3
'7
'3
DP
'*
Ana Cármen Monteiro do Carmo Cisa
$QWyQLR&RUUHLD
$QWyQLR/XFDV
$QWyQLR5DPRV$QGUp
$QWyQLR6RDUHV)HUUHLUD
&DUORV$QWyQLRGH&DUYDOKR
&DUORV-RmR3HUHLUD
&DUORV0DLD0DFKDGR
&DUORV0DQXHO$OYHV7ULQGDGH
1999
DT
'*
'*
'*
'*
'7
'3
'*
'7
Catalina Pestana
Cristina Nagy Morais
(GXDUGR%UD]mRGH&DVWUR
(GXDUGR)HUUR5RGULJXHV
)HUQDQGR/RSHV5LEHLUR
)HUQDQGR5LEHLUR/RSHV
*RQoDORGH6DQWD&ODUD*RPHV
*UHJyULRGD5RFKD1RYR
+HLWRU)OiYLR)HUQDQGHV6DOJXHLUR
Isabel de Mendonça Raimundo
-RmR+HQULTXHVGH)LJXHLUHGR3HUHLUD0RQWR\D
-RmR3HGURVR
-RUJH5DWR
-RVp0DQXHO0HLULQKR
-RVp0RWD&RLPEUDGH0DWRV
-~OLR)HUQDQGHV
.D+XQJ6KXHQ
1999
1999
1999
1999
1999
DG
DP
'*
'*
'*
'*
'*
'3
'3
DG
'3
'*
'*
'7
'*
'7
'*
Lucília Figueira
/XtV7RPpGH$OPHLGD
0DQXHO&DUYDOKRGD6LOYD
0DUFHOLQR3HQDH&RVWD
Maria Emília Reis
Maria Helena Robert Lopes
DG
'*
'7
'3
DT
DG
Nome
$1(;2
Maria Luísa Guimarães
0iULR&RUUHLD&XVWyGLR
0iULR6DQWRV
1XQR&RUUHLDGD6LOYD
Olga Maria Pereira Vicente Henriques
5XL%HWWHQFRXUW/HLWH
5XL*RQoDOYHVGD6LOYD
ÈOYDURGH0HQGRQoDH0RXUD
Ano
1999
1999
Delegação (G/T/P)
DG
'3
'*
'*
DG
'*
'*
'*
Ana Cármen Monteiro do Carmo Cisa
Ana Cristina Vieira
$QWyQLR/XFDV
$QWyQLR0DQXHO&DVLPLUR)HUUHLUD
$QWyQLR5DPRV$QGUp
$UWXU3HQHGRV
%DUERVDGH2OLYHLUD
&DUORV$QWyQLRGH&DUYDOKR
&DUORV0DLD0DFKDGR
&DUORV0DQXHO$OYHV7ULQGDGH
2000
2000
DT
DP
'*
'*
'*
'*
'*
'7
'*
'7
Célia Maria Portela da Silva
Clara Guerreiro
Cristina Nagy Morais
Daniela Monteiro
(GXDUGR%UD]mRGH&DVWUR
(GXDUGR)HUUR5RGULJXHV
)HUQDQGR5LEHLUR/RSHV
)UDQFLVFR/%HOOR9DQ=HOOHU
*UHJyULRGD5RFKD1RYR
+HLWRU)OiYLR)HUQDQGHV6DOJXHLUR
Joana Margarida C. Sobral Gomez
-RmR$QWyQLR*RPH]3URHQoD
-RUJH/XtV5:6RDUHVGH6RXVD
-RUJH0DQXHO9LWRULQR6DQWRV
-RVp-RmR$EUDQWHV
-RVp0DQXHO0HQGRQoD$]HYHGR
/XtV1XQR%'XDUWH6LOYD
Luzia de Carvalho
0DQXHO)HUUHLUD0DUWLQV
0DUFHOLQR3HQDH&RVWD
Maria Cândida Medeiros Soares
Maria da Conceição Proença Afonso
Maria Helena Robert Lopes
Maria Josefina Seabra Teles de Menezes Correia Leitão
Maria Manuela Ferreira Coelho Pereira Serra
Maria Teresa Paccetti dos Santos Lobo Correia
0iULR&RUUHLD&XVWyGLR
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
DT
DP
DP
DG
'*
'*
'*
'3
'3
'3
DG
'7
'3
'7
'*
'*
'*
DP
'7
'3
DG
DG
DG
DG
DG
DG
'3
&DGHUQRV6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRQž
Nome
1HOVRQ0DWLDV
3DXOR%DUFLD
3DXOR-RVp)HUQDQGHV3HGURVR
3HGUR-RVpGD9LQKD&RVWD
5XL*RQoDOYHVGD6LOYD
5XL/HLWH%HWWHQFRXUW
7HOPR&RUUHLD
9LFHQWH-RVp5RVDGR0HUHQGDV
9tWRU+XJR6HTXHLUD
Alexandra Freire
$OH[DQGUH0HVWUH
ÈOYDURGH0HQGRQoDH0RXUD
$PtOFDU5DPRV
Ano
2001
Delegação (G/T/P)
'*
'*
'*
'*
'*
'*
'*
'*
'7
DP
'3
'*
'7
Ana Cristina Vieira
$QWyQLR0DQXHO&DVLPLUR)HUUHLUD
$QWyQLR0DULD%XUVWRUII'RUQHODV&\VQHLURV
$QWyQLR9DODGDVGD6LOYD
$UPpQLR6DQWRV
&DUORV$QWyQLRGH&DUYDOKR
&DUORV0DLD0DFKDGR
&DUORV0DQXHO$OYHV7ULQGDGH
)HUQDQGR5LEHLUR/RSHV
)ORULYDO5RVD/DQoD
*RQoDOR9HOKR
+HLWRU)OiYLR)HUQDQGHV6DOJXHLUR
-RmR$XJXVWR9*RPHV7HL[HLUD
-RmRGH0HOR0HGHLURV
-RmR+HQULTXHVGH)LJXHLUHGR3HUHLUD0RQWR\D
-RUJH/XtV5:6RDUHVGH6RXVD
-RUJH0DQXHO9LWRULQR6DQWRV
-RUJH3HUHLUD
-RVp0DQXHO0HQGRQoD$]HYHGR
-RVp3HUHLUD/RSHV
Lucília Figueira
Luzia de Carvalho
Maria Helena Robert Lopes
Maria Manuela Ferreira Coelho Pereira Serra
0iULR&RUUHLD&XVWyGLR
0iULR9LHLUD
1HOVRQ-RVp)RQVHFD0DWLDV
3DXOR%DUFLD
3DXOR-RVp)HUQDQGHV3HGURVR
5XL*RQoDOYHVGD6LOYD
7HOPR&RUUHLD
9LFHQWH-RVp5RVDGR0HUHQGDV
2001
2001
2001
2001
2001
DP
'*
'*
'*
'*
'7
'*
'7
'*
'7
'*
'3
'*
'*
'3
'3
'7
'7
'*
'7
DG
DP
DG
DG
'3
'3
'*
'*
'*
'*
'*
'*
Nome
$1(;2
Zélia de Matos
Alexandra Freire
$OH[DQGUH0HVWUH
ÈOYDURGH0HQGRQoDH0RXUD
$PtOFDU5DPRV
Ana Cristina Vieira
Ana Paula Bernardo
$QWyQLR%DJmR)pOL[
$QWyQLR3HGUR5RTXHGD9LVLWDomR2OLYHLUD
$UPDQGRGD&RVWD)DULDV
$UWXU5RGULJXHV3HUHLUDGRV3HQHGRV
&DUORV$QWyQLRGH&DUYDOKR
&DUORV0DLD0DFKDGR
(GXDUGR%UD]mRGH&DVWUR
)HUQDQGR5LEHLUR/RSHV
+HLWRU)OiYLR)HUQDQGHV6DOJXHLUR
Jacinta de Oliveira Santos
-RmR$QWyQLR*RPHV3URHQoD
-RmR$XJXVWR9*RPHV7HL[HLUD
-RmRGRV6DQWRV5RGULJXHV
-RUJH/XtV5:6RDUHVGH6RXVD
-RVp0DQXHO0HLULQKR
-RVp6RXVD)LDOKR
Lucília Figueira
/XtV3DLV$QWXQHV
Ano
2001
2002
2002
2002
2002
2002
Delegação (G/T/P)
DG
DP
'3
'*
'7
DP
DT
'*
'*
'7
'*
'7
'*
'*
'*
'3
DG
'7
'*
'*
'3
'7
'*
DG
'*
Luzia de Carvalho
Maria de Lourdes Pisco
Maria Helena Robert Lopes
0iULR&RUUHLD&XVWyGLR
0iULR9LHLUD
3DXOR%DUFLD
Rita Magalhães Colaço
5XL/HLWH%HWWHQFRXUW
$QWyQLR0DULD3LQKHLUR7RUUHV
$UPDQGRGD&RVWD)DULDV
&DUORV$QWyQLRGH&DUYDOKR
&DUORV0DLD0DFKDGR
&DUORV0DQXHO$OYHV7ULQGDGH
&DUORV0DQXHOGRV$QMRV$OYHV
2002
2002
2002
2002
DP
DG
DG
'3
'3
'*
DG
'*
'*
'7
'7
'*
'7
'7
Carlota Leitão Correia
&ODUD*XHUUHLUR
(GXDUGR$QWyQLR%UD]mRGH&DVWUR
(GXDUGR/HDQGUR
Felicidade Reis Rodrigues
)HUQDQGR5LEHLUR/RSHV
2003
2003
DG
'3
'*
'*
DG
'*
&DGHUQRV6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRQž
Nome
Florbela Leopoldo
+HLWRU)OiYLR)HUQDQGHV6DOJXHLUR
Isabel Gonçalves
-RDTXLP3LQD0RXUD
-RUJH/XtV5:6RDUHVGH6RXVD
-RVp&DHWDQRGD&RVWD3HUHLUD
-RVp0DFHGR
-RVp0DQXHO0HLULQKRGH-HVXV
-RVp0DQXHO6DQWRV
Lucília Figueira
/XtV*RQoDOYHVGD6LOYD
/XtV0LJXHO3DLV$QWXQHV
Luísa Portugal
Luzia de Carvalho
0DQXHO&DUYDOKRGD6LOYD
Ano
2003
2003
2003
2003
2003
Delegação (G/T/P)
DP
'3
DG
'*
'3
'*
'*
'7
'*
DG
'*
'*
DG
DP
'7
Maria Cândida Medeiros Soares
Maria de Fátima Machado Grilo
Maria Goreti Machado
Maria Helena Robert Lopes
Maria Leonor Maltez Parreira Cortez dos Santos
0iULR&RUUHLD&XVWyGLR
3DXOR%DUFLD
2003
2003
2003
2003
2003
DG
DG
DG
DG
DT
'3
'*
Rita Siborro
5XL*RQoDOYHVGD6LOYD
5XL/HLWH%HWWHQFRXUW
5XL0HLUHOHV9LHLUDGH&DVWUR
9LFHQWH-RVp5RVDGR0HUHQGDV
9tWRU5XL/RXUHLURGH&DUYDOKR
$QWyQLR-RVpGRV6DQWRV&DUGRVR0DFHGR
$QWyQLR5HJDOKHLUR&KDUDQD
$UPpQLR6DQWRV
$UWXU3HQHGRV
&DUORV$QWyQLRGH&DUYDOKR
&DUORV0DLD0DFKDGR
&DUORV0DQXHO$OYHV7ULQGDGH
&DUORV3HUHLUD0DUTXHV
Clara Guerreiro
(GXDUGR$QWyQLR%UD]mRGH&DVWUR
Felicidade Reis Rodrigues
)HUQDQGR5LEHLUR/RSHV
Florbela Leopoldo
)ORULYDO5RVD/DQoD
+HLWRU)OiYLR)HUQDQGHV6DOJXHLUR
-RmR$QWyQLR*RPHV3URHQoD
-RmRGH0HOR0HGHLURV
2003
2004
2004
2004
DP
'*
'*
'3
'*
'3
'7
'*
'*
'*
'7
'*
'7
'*
DP
'*
DG
'*
DP
'7
'3
'7
'*
Nome
$1(;2
-RmR3HGUR+HQULTXHV
-RVp$QWyQLRGH6RXVD)LDOKR
-RVp&DHWDQRGD&RVWD3HUHLUD
-RVp0DQXHO0HLULQKRGH-HVXV
Lucília Figueira
/XtV*RQoDOYHVGD6LOYD
/XtV0LJXHO3DLV$QWXQHV
Luísa Portugal
/Xzia de Carvalho
0DQXHO&DUYDOKRGD6LOYD
0DQXHOGH0DWRV
Maria Cândida Medeiros Soares
Maria Helena Robert Lopes
Maria Leonor Maltez Parreira Cortez dos Santos
Maria Teresa Paccetti dos Santos Lobo Correia
Maria Teresa Santos
0iULR-RUJH&RUUHLD&XVWyGLR
1XQR%HUQDUGR
3DXOR%DUFLD
3DXOR9HLJD
Ano
2004
2004
2004
2004
2004
2004
2004
2004
Delegação (G/T/P)
'*
'*
'*
'7
DG
'*
'*
DG
DP
'7
'*
DG
DG
DT
DG
DG
'3
'3
'*
'*
Rita Siborro
5XLGH0HLUHOHV9GH&DVWUR
5XL*RQoDOYHVGD6LOYD
5XL/HLWH%HWWHQFRXUW
Sandra Isabel dos Santos Cruz
Tânia Veiga
Alexandra Freire
$OH[DQGUH$XJXVWR&XQKD'LDV
$QWyQLR$EUDQWHV
$QWyQLR-RVpGRV6DQWRV&DUGRVR0DFHGR
$UPpQLR6DQWRV
&DUORV$QWyQLRGH&DUYDOKR
&DUORV0DLD0DFKDGR
&DUORV0DQXHO$OYHV7ULQGDGH
&DUORV3HUHLUD0DUTXHV
&DUlota Leitão Correia
Cristina Nagy Morais
(GXDUGR$QWyQLR%UD]mRGH&DVWUR
)HUQDQGR5LEHLUR/RSHV
)ORULYDO5RVD/DQoD
*DEULHO5RGULJXHV%DVWRV
+HLWRU)OiYLR)HUQDQGHV6DOJXHLUR
2004
2004
2004
2005
2005
2005
DP
'3
'*
'*
DP
DG
DP
'7
'3
'7
'*
'7
'*
'7
'*
DG
DP
'*
'*
'7
'*
'3
Helena Leal
-RmR$QWyQLR*RPHV3URHQoD
-RmRGH0HOR0HGHLURV
2005
DP
'7
'*
&DGHUQRV6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRQž
Nome
-RVp$QWyQLR)RQVHFD9LHLUDGD6LOYD
-RVp$QWyQLR6RXVD)LDOKR
-RVp&DHWDQRGD&RVWD3HUHLUD
-RVp0DQXHO&0HLULQKRGH-HVXV
-RVp3HGUR3LQWR
Lucília Figueira
Luzia de Carvalho
Maria da Conceição Proença Afonso
Maria Helena Robert Lopes
Maria José Gamboa
Maria Manuela Ferreira Coelho Pereira Serra
Maria Teresa Paccetti dos Santos Lobo Correia
0iULR-RUJH&RUUHLD&XVWyGLR
1XQR$QWmR
1XQR%HUQDUGR
1XQR%LVFD\D
Odete Santos
5LFDUGR0DUWLQV
5XL*RQoDOYHVGD6LOYD
5XL/HLWH%HWWHQFRXUW
Ano
2005
2005
2005
2005
2005
2005
2005
Delegação (G/T/P)
'*
'*
'*
'7
'*
DG
DP
DG
DG
DG
DG
DG
'3
'*
'3
'3
'*
'*
'*
'*
Sandra Isabel dos Santos Cruz
Aida Carla Baptista Morais
Alexandra Freire
Ana Maria Viana Pais Alves Baptista
$QWyQLR$EUDQWHV
$UPDQGRGD&RVWD)ULDV
&DUORV$QWyQLRGH&DUYDOKR
&DUORV0DLD0DFKDGR
&DUORV0DQXHO$OYHV7ULQGDGH
&DUORV3HUHLUD0DUTXHV
2005
2006
2006
2006
DP
DT
DP
DP
'3
'7
'7
'*
'7
'*
Carlota Leitão Correia
Cristina Nagy Morais
(GXDUGR$QWyQLR%UD]mRGH&DVWUR
)HUQDQGRGH6RXVD-XQLRU
)HUQDQGR5LEHLUR/RSHV
)ORULYDO5RVD/DQoD
*DEULHO*DPHLUR5RGULJXHV%DVWRV
*DVWmR&ODUR'DPDV
+HLWRU)OiYLR)HUQDQGHV6DOJXHLUR
2006
2006
DG
DP
'*
'*
'*
'7
'*
'7
'3
Helena Lopes Costa
-RmR$QWyQLR*RPHV3URHQoD
-RmR%HELDQR
-RmRGH'HXV*RPHV3LUHV
-RmRGH0HOR0HGHLURV
2006
DG
'7
'3
'7
'*
Joaquina Cadete
2006
DG
Nome
-RUJHGH6RXVD
-RUJH*DVSDU
-RUJH0DFKDGR
-RVp$QWyQLR)RQVHFD9LHLUDGD6LOYD
-RVp$QWyQLR6RXVD)LDOKR
-RVp$QWyQLR6RXVD)LDOKR
-RVp&DHWDQRGD&RVWD3HUHLUD
-RVp&DHWDQRGD&RVWD3HUHLUD
-RVp&DWDULQR
-RVp0DQXHO0HLULQKRGH-HVXV
-RVp3HGUR2OLYHLUDGD6LOYD3LQWR
Lucília Figueira
Maria Helena Robert Lopes
Maria José Gamboa
Maria Manuela Ferreira Coelho Pereira Serra
Maria Teresa Paccetti dos Santos Lobo Correia
0iULR-RUJH&RUUHLD&XVWyGLR
1XQR%HUQDUGR
3DXOR0RUJDGRGH&DUYDOKR
3HGURG
$OPHLGD)UHLUH
5LFDUGR)UHLWDV
5XL*RQoDOYHVGD6LOYD
5XL/HLWH%HWWHQFRXUW
Teresa Coelho
Alexandra Freire
$QWyQLR-RVpGRV6DQWRV&DUGRVR0DFHGR
&DUORV0DLD0DFKDGR
&DUORV0DQXHO$OYHV7ULQGDGH
&DUORV3HUHLUD0DUTXHV
Carlota Leitão Correia
Cristina Nagy Morais
'LRJR$OPHLGD&DUUHLUD)UDQFR
(GXDUGR$QWyQLR%UD]mRGH&DVWUR
(VWHYmR0LJXHO$QMRV0DUWLQV
)HUQDQGR6RX]D-XQLRU
Florival Rosa Lança
)UDQFLVFR;DYLHU(VWHYHV
+HLWRU)OiYLR)HUQDQGHV6DOJXHLUR
-RmR$QWyQLR*RPHV3URHQoD
-RmRGH0HOR0HGHLURV
-RUJH6RDUHVGH6RXVD
-RVp$QWyQLR)RQVHFD9LHLUDGD6LOYD
-RVp$QWyQLR6RXVD)LDOKR
-RVp0DQXHO0HLULQKRGH-HVXV
-RVp3HGUR2OLYHLUDGD6LOYD3LQWR
Ano
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2007
2007
2007
2007
$1(;2
Delegação (G/T/P)
'3
'*
'*
'*
'*
'*
'*
'*
'3
'7
'*
DG
DG
DG
DG
DG
'3
'3
'*
'3
'*
'*
'*
DG
DP
'7
'*
'7
'*
DG
DP
'*
'*
'3
'*
DT
'*
'3
'7
'*
'3
'*
'*
'7
'*
&DGHUQRV6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRQž
Nome
Maria Helena Robert Lopes
Maria Teresa Paccetti dos Santos Lobo Correia
Maria Teresa Requejo
0iULR-RUJH&RUUHLD&XVWyGLR
0LJXHO)LOLSH3DUGDO&DEULWD
1XQR%HUQDUGR
Ano
2007
2007
2007
Delegação (G/T/P)
DG
DG
DG
'3
'*
'3
Paula Viseu
5XL*RQoDOYHVGD6LOYD
5XL-RmR%HOL]3HVWDQDGH$OPHLGD
5XL/HLWH%HWWHQFRXUW
2007
DT
'*
'*
'*
Adília Lisboa
Alexandra Freire
Ana Cristina Vieira
Ana Paula Fernandes
$QWyQLR0DQXHO0HOR0HGHLURV
$UPpQLR6DQWRV
Carla Correia
&DUORV$QWyQLRGH&DUYDOKR
&DUORV0DLD0DFKDGR
&DUORV3HUHLUD0DUTXHV
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
DP
DP
DP
DG
'*
'*
DP
'7
'*
'*
Cristina Nagy Morais
Deolinda Correia
'LRJR$OPHLGD&DUUHLUD)UDQFR
(GXDUGR$QWyQLR%UD]mRGH&DVWUR
)HUQDQGR-RVp0DFKDGR*RPHV
)HUQDQGR5LEHLUR/RSHV
)UDQFLVFR;DYLHU(VWHYHV
+HLWRU)OiYLR)HUQDQGHV6DOJXHLUR
Helena Leal
Isabel Coutinho
Isabel Ribeiro Pereira
Isabel Santos
Isilda Maria Costa Fernandes
-RmR$QWyQLR*RPHV3URHQoD
-RmRGH0HOR0HGHLURV
-RVp$QWyQLR)RQVHFD9LHLUDGD6LOYD
-RVp$QWyQLR6RXVD)LDOKR
-RVp0DQXHO&RQFHLomR0HLULQKRGH-HVXV
-RVp3HGUR2OLYHLUDGD6LOYD3LQWR
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
DP
DG
'*
'*
'7
'*
'*
'3
DP
DG
DP
'*
2008
DG
'7
'*
'*
'*
'7
'*
Maria Cândida Medeiros Soares
Maria Graciete Martins da Cruz
Maria Helena Robert Lopes
Maria Teresa Requejo
0iULR-RUJH&RUUHLD&XVWyGLR
3HGUR0RWD6RDUHV
2008
2008
2008
2008
DG
DT
DG
DG
'3
'*
$1(;2
Nome
3HGUR4XDUWLQ*UDoD
5XL*RQoDOYHVGD6LOYD
5XL-RmR%HOL]3HVWDQDGH$OPHLGD
Ano
Delegação (G/T/P)
'*
'*
'*
Wanda Olavo Corrêa d'Azevedo Guimarães
$GmR6LOYD
Adília Lisboa
Alexandra Freire
Ana Cristina Vieira
Ana Paula Pereira Marques
$QWyQLRGH/HPRV0RQWHLUR)HUQDQGHV
$QWyQLR9DODGDVGD6LOYD
$UPpQLR6DQWRV
&DUORV$OEHUWR0DLDGD6LOYD0DFKDGR
&DUORV$OYHV
&DUORV$QWyQLRGH&DUYDOKR
2008
2009
2009
2009
2009
DT
'*
DP
DP
DP
DG
'*
'*
'*
'*
'7
'7
Catarina Marcelino
Cristina Nagy Morais
'LRJR$OPHLGD&DUUHLUD)UDQFR
(GXDUGR$QWyQLR%UD]mRGH&DVWUR
Elza Deus Pais
)HUQDQGR-RVp0DFKDGR*RPHV
)UDQFLVFR;DYLHU(VWHYHV
+HLWRU)OiYLR)HUQDQGHV6DOJXHLUR
Helena Botelho
Helena Leal
Isabel Cordovil
Isabel Ribeiro Pereira
Isilda Maria Costa Fernandes
Joana Borges Henriques
Joana Vieira da Silva
-RmR%HUQDUGR
-RmR3URHQoD
-RUJHGH6RXVD
-RVp$QWyQLRGH6RXVD)LDOKR
-RVp$QWyQLR)RQVHFD9LHLUDGD6LOYD
-RVp0DQXHO&RUGHLUR
0DQXHO&DUYDOKRGD6LOYD
0DUFHOLQR3HQDH&RVWD
Margarida Lobão
Maria Cândida Medeiros Soares
Maria Graciete Martins da Cruz
Maria Teresa Paccetti dos Santos Lobo Correia
0iULR-RUJH&RUUHLD&XVWyGLR
1XQR%LVFD\D
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
DG
DP
'*
'*
DG
'7
'*
'3
DG
DP
DG
DP
DG
DG
DG
'*
'7
'3
'*
'*
'7
'7
'3
DG
DG
DT
DG
'3
'3
Paula Cristina Pereira de Azevedo Pamplona Ramos
2009
DG
&DGHUQRV6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRQž
Nome
3DXOR-RUJH0RUJDGRGH&DUYDOKR
3HGUR0RWD6RDUHV
5LFDUGR3UDFDQD
5XL)RQVHFD
5XL*RQoDOYHVGD6LOYD
5XL-RUJHGD6LOYD/HLWHGH%HWWHQFRXUW
Ano
Delegação (G/T/P)
'*
'*
'*
'*
'*
'*
Teresa Morais Sarmento
Wanda Olavo Corrêa d'Azevedo Guimarães
$GmR6LOYD
Adília Lisboa
Alexandra Freire
Ana Luzia Gomes Ferreira Reis
Ana Paula Pereira Marques
Anabela Freitas
$QWyQLR/XtV9DODGDVGD6LOYD
$QWyQLR0RQWHLUR)HUQDQGHV
$UWXU5rJR
&DUORV$OEHUWR0DLDGD6LOYD0DFKDGR
&DUORV$QWyQLRGH&DUYDOKR
&DUORV0DQXHO$OYHV7ULQGDGH
&DUORV0DQXHOGRV$QMRV$OYHV
&DUORV3URHQoD
2009
2009
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
DG
DT
'*
DP
DP
DG
DG
DG
'*
'*
'*
'*
'7
'7
'7
'3
Catarina Marcelino
Cristina Nagy Morais
(GXDUGR%UD]mRGH&DVWUR
)UDQFLVFR;DYLHU(VWHYHV
-RmR$QWyQLR*RPHV3URHQoD
-RmR*RPHV(VWHYHV
-RUJH6RDUHVGH6RXVD
-RVp0DFHGR
-RVp0DQXHO&RUGHLUR
0DUFHOLQR3HQDH&RVWD
2010
2010
DG
DP
'*
'*
'7
'3
'3
'*
'7
'3
Margarida Lobão
Maria Graciete Martins da Cruz
Maria Helena André
Maria Teresa Paccetti dos Santos Lobo Correia
0iULR-RUJH&RUUHLD&XVWyGLR
1XQR%LVFD\D
1XQR3HVWDQD
2010
2010
2010
2010
DG
DT
DG
DG
'3
'3
'*
Paula Cristina Pereira de Azevedo Pamplona Ramos
5HQDWR)UDQFLVFR$OPHLGDGH0HGHLURV
2010
DG
'*
$1(;2
Nome
5XL*RQoDOYHVGD6LOYD
5XL-RUJH/HLWHGH%HWWHQFRXUW
Vanda Teresa Pereira da Cruz
Ano
2010
Delegação (G/T/P)
'*
'*
DT
(VWDOLVWDJHPIRLUHWLUDGDGD%DVHGH'DGRVFRQVWUXtGDSRU,QrV%pOLFRGH9HODVFRQRTXDGURGRHVWiJLRUHDOL]DGRQR(VFULWyULRGD2,7
/LVERDHP$JRVWRGH
/HJHQGD'*±'HOHJDomR*RYHUQDPHQWDO'3±'HOHJDomR3DWURQDO'7±'HOHJDomRGRV7UDEDOKDGRUHV
2SWRXVHSRUGHVWDFDUDQHJULWRDVPXOKHUHVTXHLQWHJUDUDPDVGHOHJDo}HVSRUWXJXHVDV
'HDFRUGRFRPLQIRUPDomRFRQVWDQWHGDVOLVWDVHQYLDGDVD*HQHEUDSHOR*RYHUQRDSyVFRQVXOWD
ILO AND GENDER EQUALITY IN THE WORLD OF WORK
Ministério do Trabalho e da Solidariedade Social
*DELQHWHGH(VWUDWpJLDH3ODQHDPHQWR*(30766
6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRERRNOHWV
&RRUGLQDWLRQE\$QWyQLR2OLYHLUDGDV1HYHV
2EVHUYDWyULRGR(PSUHJRH)RUPDomR3URILVVLRQDO¶V([SHUW2()3
7UDEDOKRH5HODo}HV/DERUDLV
,PLJUDomRH0HUFDGRGH7UDEDOKR
'LPHQVmR6RFLDOH(PLJUDomR
)RUPDomR3URILVVLRQDO
&RPSHWLWLYLGDGH,QRYDomRH(PSUHJR
&RQIURQWDUD7UDQVIRUPDomR'HPRJUiILFD8PD1RYD6ROLGDULHGDGHHQWUH*HUDo}HV
3URWHFomR6RFLDO
,QWHJUDomRGDV3HVVRDVFRP'HILFLrQFLD
4XDGURVGH3HVVRDOH,QYHVWLJDomRHP(FRQRPLD
$SUHQGL]DJHPDR/RQJRGD9LGD
5HVSRQVDELOLGDGH6RFLDOGDV2UJDQL]Do}HV
,QRYDomR6RFLDO
&RPSHWrQFLDV
&ULDWLYLGDGHH,QRYDomR
$QiOLVH (FRQyPLFD FRP 'DGRV (PSUHJDGRU(PSUHVD(FRQRPLF $QDO\VLV 8VLQJ /LQNHG (PSOR\HU DQG
(PSOR\HH'DWD
,/2DQG*HQGHU(TXDOLW\LQWKH:RUOGRI:RUN
62&,('$'((75$%$/+2%22./(7612
ILO AND GENDER EQUALITY
IN THE WORLD OF WORK
0766*(3
/,6%21
‹*DELQHWHGH(VWUDWpJLDH3ODQHDPHQWR*(3
0LQLVWpULRGR7UDEDOKRHGD6ROLGDULHGDGH6RFLDO0766
Sociedade e Trabalho booklets: ILO and Gender Equality in the World of Work, 16
)LUVWHGLWLRQ0DUFK
,6%1
(GLWRULDO&RRUGLQDWLRQ5HGDFWLRQDQG'LVWULEXWLRQ&HQWURGH,QIRUPDomRH'RFXPHQWDomR&,'
5HGDFWLRQ&RRUGLQDWLRQ-~OLD&RVWD
7HFKQLFDO6XSSRUW$oXFHQD2OLYHQoD&RWULP&ULVWLQD&DEDoRGD0DWD
'RFXPHQWDU\5HVHDUFKDQG7UDQVODWLRQ,/2/LVERQ
*(3&HQWURGH,QIRUPDomRH'RFXPHQWDomR&,'
3UDoDGH/RQGUHVž
/LVERD
7HO
)D[
E-mail: JHSFLG#JHSPWVVJRYSW
3iJLQDZZZJHSPWVVJRYSW
&RYHU)HUQDQGR*XHUUHLUR*(3&,'
$OOULJKWVUHVHUYHGIRUWKHSRUWXJXHVHODQJXDJH
LQDFFRUGDQFHZLWKWKHOHJLVODWLRQLQIRUFHIRU0766*(3
*DELQHWHGH(VWUDWpJLDH3ODQHDPHQWR*(3
5XD&DVWLOKRž
/LVERD
7HO
)D[
3iJLQDZZZJHSPWVVJRYSW
Index
)RUHZRUG
Maria Helena André
)RUHZRUG
António Oliveira das Neves, Mafalda Troncho
)URP/HJLVODWLRQWR6RFLDO6WDQGDUGV3URJUHVVLQJ7RZDUGV*HQGHU(TXDOLW\
Adília Lisboa, Ana Vieira, Cristina Morais
,/2DQG*HQGHU(TXDOLW\±$&ULWLFDO5HIOHFWLRQ
Odete Filipe
7KH5ROHRI6RFLDO3DUWQHUVLQ3URPRWLQJ*HQGHU(TXDOLW\DW:RUN
$%DODQFHRI,QWHUHVWV7KH3RUWXJXHVH,QGXVWULDO&RQIHGHUDWLRQ¶V3HUVSHFWLYH Sofia Baião Horta
7KH,/2
V:RUNWR$FKLHYH*HQGHU(TXDOLW\
Helena Robert, Teresa Paccetti
,/2±<HDUV)LJKWLQJIRU(TXDOLW\DW:RUN
João Proença
,QWKH,/2$UFKLYHV«
:RPHQ¶V$VVRFLDWLRQV3UHVHQWWKHLU&ODLPV
Albertina Jordão
)URPWKH6KDGRZWRWKH)RUH'RPHVWLF:RUNDQGWKH,/2
Manuela Tomei
0DNLQJWKH&ULVLV5HFRYHU\:RUNIRU:RPHQ
ILO Bureau for Gender Equality
6HOHFWHG7KHPDWLF3XEOLFDWLRQV
,QWHUQDWLRQDO/DERXU6WDQGDUGV
'LVFORVXUH
5(&(16,21
$%&RI:RPHQ:RUNHUV¶5LJKWVDQG*HQGHU(TXDOLW\
Maria Josefina Leitão
&ULWLFDO$QDO\VLVRIWKHDecent Work for Domestic Workers5HSRUW
Sandra Ribeiro
$SSHQGL[
&RS\ULJKW,/2
,/2 'LUHFWRU (GZDUG - 3KHODQ VLJQLQJ WKH 'HFODUDWLRQ RI 3KLODGHOSKLD DW WKH :KLWH
+RXVH:DVKLQJWRQ'&RQ0D\6HDWHGOHIWWRULJKW 863UHVLGHQW)UDQNOLQ
'HODQR 5RRVHYHOW :DOWHU 1DVK ( - 3KHODQ 6WDQGLQJ OHIW WR ULJKW 86 6HFUHWDU\ RI
6WDWH &RUGHOO +XOO 86 6HFUHWDU\ RI /DERU )UDQFHV 3HUNLQV ,/2 $VVLVWDQW 'LUHFWRU
/LQGVD\5RGJHUV
Foreword
Maria Helena André
Minister of Labour and Social Solidarity
Portugal and the ILO in the Promotion of Equal Opportunities
6LQFHLWVIRXQGLQJLQWKH,QWHUQDWLRQDO/DERXU2UJDQLVDWLRQ,/2KDVSOD\HGD OHDGLQJUROHLQ
LPSURYLQJOLYLQJDQGZRUNLQJFRQGLWLRQVOREE\LQJJRYHUQPHQWVWRWDNHDSURJUHVVLYHVWDQGRQODERXU
LVVXHV,UHFDOOIRUH[DPSOHWKHLQWURGXFWLRQRIWKHFRUHODERXUVWDQGDUGVLQDQGWKHFRQFHSWRI
'HFHQW :RUN WKH IROORZLQJ \HDU ZKLFK LV QRZ UHJDUGHG D NH\ UHIHUHQFH LQ WKH ZRUOG RI ZRUN DQG
ZLGHO\GHEDWHG
$VZHNQRZ3RUWXJDOZDVRQHRIWKHIRXQGLQJPHPEHUVRIWKH,/2DQGWKHJRYHUQPHQWDQG
VRFLDOSDUWQHUVKDYHDOZD\VFORVHO\IROORZHGDQGDFWLYHO\VXSSRUWHGWKH2UJDQL]DWLRQ
VZRUN
7KH ,/2 LV WKH RQO\ WULSDUWLWH DJHQF\ LQ WKH 8QLWHG 1DWLRQV V\VWHP DQG KDV PHULWHG LQWHUQD
WLRQDOUHFRJQLWLRQIRULWVPDMRUFRQWULEXWLRQVWRODERXUUHJXODWLRQZRUOGZLGH,WKDVDFWLYHO\SURPRWHG
IRUPV RI EDUJDLQLQJ DQG GLDORJXH WKDW KDYH OHG WR WKH SUHVHQW PRGHO RI PDQDJLQJ ODERXU UHODWLRQV
EDVHGRQWKHSULQFLSOHVRIWULSDUWLVPVRFLDOGLDORJXHDQGODERXUGHPRFUDF\
,Q3RUWXJDOWKH,/2
VUROHLQWKHVWDELOLVDWLRQRILQGXVWULDOUHODWLRQVKDVEHHQFUXFLDOHVSHFLDOO\
ZLWKUHJDUGWRWKHLQFRUSRUDWLRQRIWKH2UJDQL]DWLRQ
VQRUPDWLYHVWDQGDUGVLQWRRXUGRPHVWLFODZ
7KHSULQFLSOHRI(TXDO2SSRUWXQLWLHVZKLFKZDVDOUHDG\HQVKULQHGLQWKHRULJLQDO,/2&RQVWLWX
WLRQZDVUHDIILUPHGE\WKH3KLODGHOSKLD'HFODUDWLRQDGRSWHGDWWKH,QWHUQDWLRQDO/DERXU&RQIHUHQFHLQ
7KH'HFODUDWLRQVWDWHVAll human beings, regardless of race, creed or sex, have the right to
pursue both their material well-being and their spiritual development in conditions of freedom and
dignity, of economic security and equal opportunity
7KH,/2
VHIIRUWVWRSURPRWHHTXDORSSRUWXQLWLHVDQGWUHDWPHQWIRUZRPHQDQGPHQLQWHUPVRI
VWDQGDUGVUHVHDUFKDQGWHFKQLFDOFRRSHUDWLRQKDYHDOOEHHQFDUULHGRXWLQDIUDPHZRUNRIWULSDUWLVP
7KLV FKDUDFWHULVWLF LV RQH RI WKH FULWLFDO VXFFHVV IDFWRUV LQ WKH 2UJDQL]DWLRQ
V DFKLHYHPHQWV RYHU WKH
\HDUVQRWRQO\LQ3RUWXJDOEXWWKURXJKRXWWKHZRUOG
*HQGHUHTXDOLW\DQGZRPHQ
VHPSRZHUPHQWDUHHVVHQWLDOFRQGLWLRQVIRUHIIHFWLYHDQGVXVWDLQ
DEOHGHYHORSPHQWDQGIRUSURPRWLQJDPRUHG\QDPLFDQGIDLUHUHFRQRP\,QWKHFRQWH[WRIWKH'H
FHQW:RUN$JHQGDDQGWKHYLVLRQRIWKH,/2LQWKH'HFODUDWLRQRQ6RFLDO-XVWLFHIRUD)DLU*ORE
DOL]DWLRQ WKH 2UJDQL]DWLRQ HPEUDFHG JHQGHU HTXDOLW\ DQG QRQGLVFULPLQDWLRQ DV FURVVFXWWLQJ LVVXHV
WKURXJKRXWLWVZRUN7KH,/&JHQHUDOGLVFXVVLRQRQ*HQGHU(TXDOLW\DWWKHKHDUWRIGHFHQWZRUN
RIIHUVDXQLTXHRSSRUWXQLW\WRSXWLQWRDFWLRQDQGJXLGHWKH2UJDQL]DWLRQ
VIXWXUHDVSLUDWLRQVIRUSUR
PRWLQJJHQGHUHTXDOLW\DQGZRPHQ
VHPSRZHUPHQWLQWKHZRUOGRIZRUN
BBBBBBBBBB
,/2$1'*(1'(5(48$/,7<,17+(:25/'2):25.6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRERRNOHWVQRSS
0DULD+HOHQD$QGUp
,ZRXOGOLNHWRMRLQLQWKHUHIOHFWLRQRQWKH SURJUHVVPDGHVRIDURQWKHFKDOOHQJHVWKDWKDYH
EHHQRYHUFRPHLQDGYDQFLQJHTXDOLW\RIRSSRUWXQLW\DQGWUHDWPHQWDQGRQZKDWVWLOOQHHGVWREHGRQH
WRIXUWKHUZRPHQ
VFDSDFLW\EXLOGLQJDQGSDUWLFLSDWLRQLQWKHZRUOGRIZRUN,WLVILWWLQJWRDFNQRZO
HGJHWKHOHDGHUVKLSDQGSDUWLFLSDWLRQRIWKHPDQ\ZRPHQZKRKDYHZRUNHGWRVWUHQJWKHQWKH2UJDQL
]DWLRQDQGZKRKDYHVWRRGXSIRUWKHULJKWVRIZRPHQLQWKHZRUNSODFHDQGIRUZRUNLQJFORVHO\ZLWK
WKHPHQZKRVXSSRUWHGWKHLUFDXVH7KHLUSHUVRQDOVWRULHVDUHDOVRSDUWRIWKHLQVWLWXWLRQ
VKLVWRU\
,ZRXOGDOVROLNHWRMRLQLQSD\LQJULJKWIXOWULEXWHWRDOOWKHZRPHQZKRKDYHEHHQPHPEHUVRI
3RUWXJXHVH WULSDUWLWH 'HOHJDWLRQV WR ,QWHUQDWLRQDO /DERXU &RQIHUHQFHV ,Q WKH \HDU WKDW PDUNV WKH
KROGLQJRIWKHRQHKXQGUHGWK,QWHUQDWLRQDO/DERXU&RQIHUHQFHDQGWKHFHQWHQDU\RIWKHILUVW,QWHUQD
WLRQDO:RPHQ
V'D\WKH,/2/LVERQ2IILFHHPEUDFHGWKHFKDOOHQJHRIZRUNLQJZLWKWKH0LQLVWU\RI
/DERXUDQG6RFLDO6ROLGDULW\RQWKHSXEOLFDWLRQRIWKLV6SHFLDOLVVXH&DGHUQR7HPiWLFRDQGZHZHO
FRPHWKLVLQLWLDWLYHZLWKHQWKXVLDVPDQGHQRUPRXVVDWLVIDFWLRQ,WLV\HWDQRWKHUSURMHFWLQZKLFK,DP
SOHDVHGWRKDYHEHHQDSDUW
Foreword
António Oliveira das Neves
Mafalda Troncho
7KH6RFLHW\DQG/DERXU-RXUQDOVCadernos Sociedade e TrabalhoKDYHFRPELQHGIRUFHVZLWKWKH,/2/LVERQ
WRFRPSLOHDQGSXEOLVKDQLVVXHRQWKHUROHRIZRPHQLQWKHVWUXJJOHIRUVRFLDOULJKWVDQGWKHULJKWWRZRUNVSH
FLILFDOO\WKURXJKWKHLUDFWLYHSDUWLFLSDWLRQLQ,QWHUQDWLRQDO/DERXU&RQIHUHQFHV
6LQFHWKH,/2ILUVWVHWXSLQ/LVERQLWKDVEHHQPDUNLQJ,QWHUQDWLRQDO:RPHQ¶V'D\LQOLQHZLWKRQHRILWV
UHDVRQVIRURSHQLQJDQRIILFHLQ3RUWXJDOWRLQFUHDVHGLDORJXHDURXQGWKHYDOXHVRIWKH,/2DQGWKXVKHOSWR
GULYHIRUZDUGWKH'HFHQW:RUN$JHQGD
)RUPRUHWKDQQLQHW\\HDUVWKH,/2KDVEHHQDFWLYHO\ZRUNLQJLQIDYRXURIHTXDORSSRUWXQLWLHVDQGWUHDW
PHQWIRUPHQDQGZRPHQE\OD\LQJGRZQVWDQGDUGVFDUU\LQJRXWUHVHDUFKDQGSURYLGLQJWHFKQLFDODVVLVWDQFH
DOOLQWKHIUDPHZRUNRILWVWULSDUWLWHPRGHO7ULSDUWLVPKDVLQIDFWSURYHQWREHDNH\VXFFHVVIDFWRULQWKH,/2¶V
DFKLHYHPHQWVLQHTXDORSSRUWXQLWLHVWKURXJKRXWWKHZRUOG7KH,/2/LVERQZHOFRPHGWKHFKDOOHQJLQJRSSRUWX
QLW\ RI FROODERUDWLQJ ZLWK WKH 0LQLVWU\ RI /DERXU DQG 6RFLDO 6ROLGDULW\ RQ WKLV WKHPDWLF -RXUQDO WR KHOS UDLVH
DZDUHQHVV RI RQH NH\ DUHD RI WKH 2UJDQL]DWLRQ¶V ZRUN LQ D \HDU WKDW VHHV WKH FHOHEUDWLRQ RQ 0DUFK RI \HDUVRI,QWHUQDWLRQDO:RPHQ¶V'D\DQGWKHKROGLQJRIWKHWK,QWHUQDWLRQDO/DERXU&RQIHUHQFH
7KLVLQLWLDWLYHDOVRWLHVLQZLWKWZRRI,/2/LVERQ¶VFXUUHQWSURMHFWVPortugal/ILO: Dynamics of a Relationship DQGUniversitas.7KHVHSURMHFWVDUHLQWHQGHGWRVKHGOLJKWRQUHODWLRQVEHWZHHQWKH,/2DQG3RUWXJDO
RYHUWKH\HDUVDQGWRVWLPXODWHLQWHUHVWLQIXUWKHUUHVHDUFKLQWKLVDUHDHVSHFLDOO\WKHSDUWSOD\HGE\WKHWULSDUWLWH
SDUWQHUVDQGLQWHUQDWLRQDORUJDQLVDWLRQVLQSURPRWLQJJHQGHUHTXDOLW\
7KLVSXEOLFDWLRQLVDOVRDZHOOGHVHUYHGWULEXWHWRDOOWKH3RUWXJXHVHZRPHQZKRKDYHWDNHQSDUWLQWKH
WULSDUWLWHGHOHJDWLRQVWR,QWHUQDWLRQDO/DERXU&RQIHUHQFHV
7KHDUWLFOHVIHDWXUHGKHUHIRFXVRQHVVHQWLDOGLPHQVLRQVLQDSURJUHVVLYHWUDMHFWRU\LQZKLFKJHQGHUHTXDO
LW\LQHPSOR\PHQWKDVJUDGXDOO\DVVXPHGDFHQWUDOUROHLQFOXGLQJ
L WKHLQYROYHPHQWRIWULSDUWLWHSDUWQHUVJLYHQWKHLUIDPLOLDULW\ZLWKUHDOZRUNLQJDQGUHFUXLWPHQWFRQGLWLRQV
ZKLFKDUHRIWHQDVRXUFHRIGLVFULPLQDWLRQLQZRUNHUV¶ULJKWVUHPXQHUDWLRQHWF
BBBBBBBBBB
,/2$1'*(1'(5(48$/,7<,17+(:25/'2):25.6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRERRNOHWVQRSS
$QWyQLR2OLYHLUDGDV1HYHV0DIDOGD7URQFKR
LL DYDOXDEOHFROOHFWLRQRIGRFXPHQWVUHODWLQJWRWKHQDWLRQDOWULSDUWLWHGHOHJDWLRQV¶SDUWLFLSDWLRQLQ,/2&RQ
IHUHQFHVDQGUHOHYDQW,/2SXEOLFDWLRQVGHDOLQJZLWKZRPHQZRUNHUV¶ULJKWVDQGJHQGHUHTXDOLW\LVVXHV
LLL KRZ,/2&RQYHQWLRQVDQGWKH2UJDQL]DWLRQ¶VSUDFWLFDODFWLYLWLHVKDYHHYROYHGRYHUWKHGHFDGHVUHIOHFW
LQJWKHVORZWUDQVLWLRQIURPSDVWVWUXFWXUDOO\SURWHFWLRQLVWDSSURDFKHVWRJHQGHULVVXHVWRWKHDFWLYHORJLF
WKDWQRZUHFRJQLVHVJHQGHUHTXDOLW\DVDNH\UHTXLUHPHQWLQWKHFRQWH[WRIWKH)XQGDPHQWDO3ULQFLSOHVDQG
5LJKWVDW:RUN
7KHDFFRPSOLVKPHQWVRIDQRIWHQFRQIOLFWXDODQGFRQWHQWLRXVWUDMHFWRU\DUHUHIOHFWHGLQVRPHRIWKHDUWLFOHVIHD
WXUHGZKLFKSURYLGHULFKLQIRUPDWLRQDQGUHIOHFWLRQRQWKHVWUXJJOHIRUULJKWVWKDWRIWHQWRRNSODFHWRDEDFN
JURXQGRIPDMRUXSKHDYDOVWKDWPDUNHGWKHWKDQGHDUO\VW&HQWXULHV±SRVW:RUOG:DU,,HFRQRPLFUHFRQ
VWUXFWLRQ WKH IRXQGLQJ RI WKH 8QLWHG 1DWLRQV WKH LQVWLWXWLRQDOLVDWLRQ RI WKH ,QWHUQDWLRQDO :RPHQ
V <HDU DQG
PRUH UHFHQWO\ JOREDOLVDWLRQ PRYHPHQWV DQG WKH 'HFHQW :RUN $JHQGD 7KH ,/2¶V H[SHUW DQG LQIOXHQWLDO LQ
YROYHPHQWLQDOOWKHVHSURFHVVHVKDVPDGHDKXJHFRQWULEXWLRQWRWKHULJKWWRZRUNDQGHTXDORSSRUWXQLWLHV
7KHLQVWUXPHQWVWKDWUHIOHFWWKH,/2¶VH[SHUWDQGLQIOXHQWLDOLQYROYHPHQWDQGZKLFKKDYHEHFRPHDUHIHU
HQFHIUDPHZRUNIRUWKLVRQJRLQJRIWHQXQHTXDOILJKWLQDGYHUVHVRFLHWDOFRQWH[WVDQGVFHQDULRV±DIDFWZRUWK
HPSKDVLVLQJ±DUHWKHIUXLWVRIFRPPHQGDEOHMRLQWHIIRUWVRQWKHSDUWRIJRYHUQPHQWVWUDGHXQLRQDQGHPSOR\
HUV¶FRQIHGHUDWLRQVDQGLQWHUQDWLRQDORUJDQLVDWLRQV
7KLVZDVDOVRWKHVSLULWXQGHUO\LQJWKHFRPSLODWLRQRIWKLVLVVXHRI6RFLHW\DQG/DERXU-RXUQDOVSXEOLVKHG
E\WKH0LQLVWU\RI/DERXUDQG6RFLDO6ROLGDULW\DQGEHKLQGWKHLQYLWDWLRQWRWKHGLIIHUHQWRUJDQLVDWLRQVZRUNLQJ
WRJHWKHUIRUHTXDORSSRUWXQLWLHVLQ3RUWXJDOWRFRQWULEXWHWRLW
&RS\ULJKW,/2
:RPHQGHOHJDWHVDWWKHWK6HVVLRQRIWKH,QWHUQDWLRQDO/DERXU &RQIHUHQFH
From Legislation to Social Standards:
Progressing Towards Gender Equality
Adília Lisboa
Confederation of Portuguese Tourism (Confederação do Turismo Português – CTP)
Ana Vieira
Confederation of Trade and Services of Portugal (Confederação do Comercio e Serviços de Portugal – CCP)
Cristina Morais
Confederation of Portuguese Farmers (Confederação dos Agricultores de Portugal – CAP)
Abstract | 7KLV DUWLFOH HQGHDYRXUVWRDGGUHVV WKH HYROXWLRQ RI JHQGHUHTXDOLW\ DQG WKH ZRUN RIWKH GLIIHUHQW
LQWHUQDWLRQDOFRPPXQLW\DQGQDWLRQDOERGLHVSDUWLFXODUO\WKH,QWHUQDWLRQDO/DERXU2UJDQL]DWLRQ,/2WRZDUGV
DFKLHYLQJIXOOHTXDOLW\EHWZHHQPHQDQGZRPHQ,WDOVRORRNVDWWKHQHHGWRSXUVXHVXSSOHPHQWDU\DSSURDFKHV
LQFOXGLQJ FRPELQLQJ OHJLVODWLYH PHDVXUHV ZLWK RWKHU LQLWLDWLYHV VXFK DV SXEOLF SROLFLHV RQ JHQGHU HTXDOLW\ LQ
HGXFDWLRQDQGWUDLQLQJV\VWHPVDQGDFWLRQVLQYROYLQJFLYLOVRFLHW\DQGLQLWLDWLYHVWRVSUHDGJRRGSUDFWLFHLQJHQ
GHUHTXDOLW\
__________
,/2$1'*(1'(5(48$/,7<,17+(:25/'2):25.Sociedade
e Trabalho booklets, no.SS
)520/(*,6/$7,217262&,$/67$1'$5'6352*5(66,1*72:$5'6*(1'(5(48$/,7<
Preamble
,QDSSURDFKLQJWKHVXEMHFWRIJHQGHUHTXDOLW\LUUHVSHFWLYHRIWKHVRFLDOILHOGLQYROYHGQRWRQO\ODERXUUHODWLRQV
ZHKDYHWRORRNEDFNLQWLPHDWWKHORQJURDGWUDYHOOHGE\ZRPHQDQGVHHKRZWKH\KDYHPDQDJHGWRDFKLHYH
WKHLUULJKWVDIWHUEHLQJUHJDUGHGDVLQIHULRULQFDSDEOHEHLQJVIRUVRORQJ7RHVFDSHWKHLULQYLVLELOLW\DQGVHFRQG
UDWHVWDWXVZRPHQKDYHKDGWRILJKWUHVLVWDQGRUJDQLVHDQGRIWHQVWLOOKDYHWRHYHQWRGD\
+RZHYHU VRFLHW\ KDV QRW DOZD\V EHHQ XQIDLU RU RSSUHVVLYH WRZDUGV ZRPHQ :RPHQ ZHUH GHLILHG DQG
ZRUVKLSSHGLQDQFLHQWPDWULDUFKDOVRFLHWLHVDQGLWZDVRQO\DIWHUSDWULDUFKLHVHPHUJHGWKDWZRPHQ¶VRSSUHVVLRQ
DQGH[SORLWDWLRQEHFDPHHPEHGGHGSUDFWLFH)URPDKLVWRULFDOSHUVSHFWLYHJHQGHULQHTXDOLW\WKDWIDYRXUVPHQ
RYHUZRPHQLVDUHFHQWSKHQRPHQRQ
*RLQJEDFNWRKRZIDUZRPHQKDYHSURJUHVVHGDORQJWKHURDGWRDFKLHYLQJHTXDOLW\WKHLUFRQWULEXWLRQVWR
³EXLOGLQJHTXDOLW\EHWZHHQPHQDQGZRPHQ´KDYHFOHDUO\EHHQFUXFLDO:HKDYHWRDGPLWKRZHYHUWKDWGHVSLWH
WKHIDFWWKDWHTXDOLW\PD\EHOHJDOO\JXDUDQWHHGGLIIHUHQWIRUPVRILQGLUHFWGLVFULPLQDWLRQVWLOOSHUVLVW
I. Some Considerations on Gender Equality
A. Throughout the World
,QRXUJOREDOLVHGZRUOGRIWKHVW&HQWXU\JHQGHULQHTXDOLWLHVHYLGHQWO\VWLOOSHUVLVWWRDJUHDWHURUOHVVHUH[WHQW
GHSHQGLQJRQWKHFRXQWULHVDQGFXOWXUHVLQTXHVWLRQ7KHIDFWLVWKDWLQDGGLWLRQWRIDFLQJVRFLDODQGIDPLO\GLV
FULPLQDWLRQVRPHZRPHQDUHVWLOOVWUXJJOLQJWRRYHUFRPHEDUULHUVWRHPSOR\PHQWLQERWKWKHIRUPDODQGLQIRU
PDOVHFWRUV
,WLVZRPHQZKRPDNHXSPRVWRIWKHZRUOG¶VDJULFXOWXUDOZRUNIRUFH6L[W\SHUFHQWRIWKHZRPHQRQWKH
SODQHWFDUU\RXWXQSDLGRUORZSDLGZRUNLQWKHLQIRUPDOHFRQRP\ZKLFKPDNHVWKHPILQDQFLDOO\DQGOHJDOO\
YXOQHUDEOH $V D UXOH WKH PRVW LPSRYHULVKHG SHRSOH DUH XVXDOO\ WKH PRVW PDUJLQDOLVHG DQG DPRQJ WKHVH
ZRPHQDUHSDUWLFXODUO\GLVFULPLQDWHGDJDLQVW
:LWK UHJDUGV ZRUOG SROLWLFV DQG SROLWLFDO GHFLVLRQPDNLQJ GHVSLWH WKHLU JURZLQJ SDUWLFLSDWLRQ LQ SDUOLD
PHQWDU\ DIIDLUV ZRPHQ DUH VWLOO D ORQJ ZD\ IURP VHFXULQJ WKH PRVW VHQLRU SRVWV LQ JRYHUQPHQW ,Q -DQXDU\
RQO\VHYHQRXWRIRQHKXQGUHGDQGILIW\KHDGVRIVWDWHDQGHLJKWRXWRIRQHKXQGUHGDQGQLQHW\WZRKHDGV
RIJRYHUQPHQWDPRQJ810HPEHU6WDWHVZHUHZRPHQ-XVWRIPLQLVWHULDOSRVLWLRQVZRUOGZLGHDUHRFFX
SLHGE\ZRPHQ)XUWKHUPRUHWKLUWHHQFRXQWULHVLQWKHZRUOGKDYHQRZRPHQPHPEHUVRIJRYHUQPHQWDWDOO
7KHVLWXDWLRQKDVHYROYHGIDYRXUDEO\LQWKH(XURSHDQ8QLRQ2YHUWKHSDVWIHZGHFDGHVPDQ\LQLWLDWLYHV
WRDFKLHYHJHQGHUHTXDOLW\KDYHEHHQSXWLQWRHIIHFW6RPHKDYHLQYROYHG OHJLVODWLRQZKLOHRWKHUVIRFXVHGRQ
WHFKQLFDOVXSSRUWVXFKDVWKHIRUPDWLRQRIH[SHUWQHWZRUNVDQGILQDQFLDOSURJUDPPHVGHVLJQHGWRVXSSRUWJHQ
GHU HTXDOLW\ LQLWLDWLYHV (GXFDWLRQ V\VWHPV KDYH DOVR ZLWQHVVHG SURJUHVV VFKRROV KDYH RSHQHG WKHLU GRRUV WR
JLUOVDQGHGXFDWLRQIRUJLUOVDQGZRPHQKDVEHHQVXFFHVVIXOO\SURPRWHGLQDOPRVWDOOUHJLRQV7KHQXPEHURI
JLUOVFRPSOHWLQJSULPDU\HGXFDWLRQLQDOOGHYHORSLQJUHJLRQVEHWZHHQDQGZDVKLJKHUWKDQWKHQXP
EHURIER\V$FFRUGLQJWR(XURVWDWGDWDZRPHQKDYHFRQVROLGDWHGWKHLUPDMRULW\VWDWXVDPRQJVWXQLYHUVLW\VWX
$GtOLD/LVERD$QD9LHLUD&ULVWLQD0RUDLV
GHQWVLQDOO(8FRXQWULHVZLWKWKHH[FHSWLRQRI*HUPDQ\7KHSHUFHQWDJHRIZRPHQLQKLJKHUHGXFDWLRQLQ3RU
WXJDOLVYHU\FORVHWRWKH(XURSHDQDYHUDJH
B. In Portugal
1) Legal and Cultural Evolution
(YHQEHIRUHMRLQLQJWKH((&3RUWXJDOKDGWDNHQLQQRYDWLYHVWHSVIRUZDUGRQWKHTXHVWLRQRIHTXDOLW\SDUWLFX
ODUO\DIWHUWKH5HYROXWLRQRI$SULOZKHQYLHZVRQZRPHQ¶VULJKWVVWDUWHGWRFKDQJH
,QZLWKWKHSDVVLQJRI'HFUHH/DZRI6HSWHPEHUODWHUNQRZQDVWKH(TXDOLW\/DZWKH
3RUWXJXHVHJRYHUQPHQWHQGHDYRXUHGWRHUDGLFDWHJHQGHULQHTXDOLW\LQWKHZRUOGRIZRUN,WDOVRVHWXSWKHWUL
SDUWLWH&RPPLVVLRQIRU(TXDOLW\LQ/DERXUDQG(PSOR\PHQWComissão para a Igualdade no Trabalho e no Emprego±&,7(WRFRPEDWZRUNSODFHGLVFULPLQDWLRQ7KLVZDVDFOHDUVLJQDOWKDWWKHJRYHUQPHQWZDVGHWHUPLQHG
WRSXUVXHHPSOR\PHQWUHODWHGJHQGHUHTXDOLW\
0HDQZKLOH RWKHU VWHSV KDG EHHQ WDNHQ WR DFKLHYH JUHDWHU JHQGHU HTXDOLW\ QDPHO\ WKH OLEHUDOLVDWLRQ RI
HGXFDWLRQ7KLVOHGWRLQFUHDVHGQXPEHUVRIZRPHQHQWHULQJKLJKHUHGXFDWLRQHQDEOLQJWKHPWRDFFHVVTXDOLIL
FDWLRQVWKDWXQWLOWKHQKDGEHHQUHVWULFWHGWRPHQ,WZDVWKRXJKWWKDWJHQGHUHTXDOLW\LQHGXFDWLRQZRXOGXOWL
PDWHO\OHDGWRJHQGHUHTXDOLW\DWZRUN+RZHYHUWLPHZRXOGSURYHWKLVDVVXPSWLRQWREHRYHUO\RSWLPLVWLFDQG
WKDWJHQGHUHTXDOLW\ZDVVWLOODYHU\GLVWDQWJRDO
*HQGHU(TXDOLW\KDGEHHQRQWKHDJHQGDRIVHYHUDOLQWHUQDWLRQDORUJDQLVDWLRQVHJWKH81,/22(&'
DQG ((& IRU GHFDGHV ,Q DGGLWLRQ WR GHYHORSLQJ FRQFUHWH LQLWLDWLYHV GHVLJQHG WR HUDGLFDWH JHQGHU JDSV WKHVH
RUJDQLVDWLRQVKDGSURGXFHGWH[WVDQGFDUULHGRXWUHVHDUFKRQVHYHUDOJHQGHUHTXDOLW\UHODWHGLVVXHV)RUSROLWLFDO
OHDGHUVWKHVHZRXOGEHULFK VRXUFHVRILQVLJKWLQWRLQQRYDWLYHLGHDVDERXWHTXDOLW\EXWWKH\ZHUH IUDQNO\WRR
DGYDQFHG IRU 3RUWXJDO¶V PDLQO\ FRQVHUYDWLYH VRFLHW\ RI WKH WLPH &ORVLQJ WKH H[LVWLQJ JDS EHWZHHQ WKH OHJDO
IUDPHZRUNDQGVRFLDOUHDOLW\ZDVDQGVWLOOLVDYHU\OHQJWK\SURFHVVDVLVWUXHRIDQ\RWKHUFXOWXUDOLVVXH
7KHWUXWKLVWKDWMXVWEHFDXVHDODZKDVEHHQSDVVHGLWGRHVQRWQHFHVVDULO\PHDQWKDWLWVSURYLVLRQVZLOOEH
FRPSOLHGZLWKLQHYHU\GD\OLIHLQVRFLHW\:D\VFDQDOZD\VEHIRXQGWRDYRLGDSSO\LQJWKHODZ,WLVWKHVR
FDOOHGVRFLDOQRUPVZKLFKFDQQRWEHLJQRUHGWKDWXVXDOO\GHWHUPLQHKRZIDVWWKHIRXQGDWLRQVIRUHTXDOLW\EH
WZHHQPHQDQGZRPHQFDQEHODLG
7KHIDFWWKDWLWWRRNQHDUO\WHQ\HDUVIRU'HFUHH/DZRI1RYHPEHUZKLFKZRXOGPDNH'HFUHH
/DZ DSSOLFDEOH WR WKH 3XEOLF $GPLQLVWUDWLRQ WR EH LVVXHG LOOXVWUDWHV MXVW KRZ VORZO\ VRFLHW\ HYROYHV
WRZDUGVJHQGHUHTXDOLW\
1HYHUWKHOHVVVHYHUDOODZVDLPHGDWSXWWLQJLQSODFHFRQGLWLRQVWKDWZRXOGHQKDQFHJHQGHUHTXDOLW\LQHP
SOR\PHQWDQGRFFXSDWLRQZHUHDSSURYHGE\VXFFHVVLYHJRYHUQPHQWV
)LQDOO\ UHJDUGLQJ DFFHVV WR GHFLVLRQPDNLQJ SURFHVVHV DQG FLYLF SDUWLFLSDWLRQWKH 3RUWXJXHVH &RQVWLWX
WLRQHVWDEOLVKHVWKHULJKWRIDOOFLWL]HQV³WRWDNHSDUWLQSROLWLFVDQGLQPDQDJLQJWKHFRXQWU\¶VSXEOLFDIIDLUV´DQG
DOVR VWDWHV WKDW ³GLUHFW DQG DFWLYH SDUWLFLSDWLRQ RI PHQ DQG ZRPHQ LQ SROLWLFV LV D IXQGDPHQWDO FRQGLWLRQ DQG
LQVWUXPHQWIRUFRQVROLGDWLQJWKHGHPRFUDWLFV\VWHPLQWKLVUHVSHFWWKHODZVKRXOGSURPRWHHTXDOLW\LQWKHH[HU
FLVHRIFLYLODQGSROLWLFDOULJKWVDQGQRQGLVFULPLQDWLRQE\UHDVRQRIJHQGHULQUHODWLRQWRDFFHVVWRSROLWLFDORI
ILFHV´
,QWKH3DULW\$FWLei da Paridade – 2UJDQLF/DZRI$XJXVWPRGLILHGE\'HFODUDWLRQ
RI2FWREHUHVWDEOLVKHGDPDQGDWRU\PLQLPXPUHSUHVHQWDWLRQRIIRUHLWKHUJHQGHURQWKHOLVWVRI
FDQGLGDWHVIRU3RUWXJDO¶V3DUOLDPHQWWKH(XURSHDQ3DUOLDPHQWDQGORFDOFRXQFLOV
7KLV$FWFRQVWLWXWHVDYLFWRU\DOEHLWDIRUPDORQHIRU3RUWXJXHVHGHPRFUDF\DQGZRPHQ¶VULJKWVLQVRIDU
DVLWUHFRJQLVHVWKDWWKHUHFDQQRWEHIXOOGHPRFUDF\XQOHVVERWKJHQGHUVDUHUHSUHVHQWHG
)520/(*,6/$7,217262&,$/67$1'$5'6352*5(66,1*72:$5'6*(1'(5(48$/,7<
2) Equal remuneration for men and women workers in Portugal
$V0DULDGR&pXGD&XQKD5rJRVWDWHVLQKHUHVVD\³The role of Portuguese law in progressing towards gender
equality at work and in employment´ SXEOLVKHG E\ WKH &RPPLVVLRQ IRU (TXDOLW\ LQ /DERXU DQG (PSOR\PHQW
&,7( LQ LWV ³Estudos´ VHULHV RQ ³Equality in Labour and Employment in Portugal: Policies and Circumstances´ ³«if men are principally responsible for supporting their families, then they should principally be
entitled to paid work; if women are principally responsible for caring for their families, then they should principally be entitled to the time required to perform the unpaid tasks entailed by such care.´
)RUDORQJWLPHLWZDVEHOLHYHGWKDWWKHUROHRIPHQLQVRFLHW\ZDVWRILQGPHDQVWRIXOILOWKHLUIDPLOLHV¶
QHHGVE\SURYLGLQJWKHLUVXVWHQDQFH,WZDVWKRXJKWWKDWPHQVKRXOGEHSDLGKLJKHUZDJHVWKDQZRPHQEHFDXVH
QRWRQO\GLGWKH\KDYHWKHVHH[WUDUHVSRQVLELOLWLHVEXWDOVRWKH\ZHUHSK\VLFDOO\VWURQJHUDQGWKHUHIRUHDEOHWR
SHUIRUPQRQLQWHOOHFWXDOWDVNVEHWWHUDQGIRUDORQJHUWLPH
)XUWKHUPRUH GXULQJ WKH Estado Novo PDUULHG ZRPHQ QHHGHG SHUPLVVLRQ IURP WKHLU KXVEDQGV LI WKH\
ZHUHWRZRUNRXWVLGHWKHKRPH7KHUHIRUHPDUULHGZRPHQZHUHEDUUHGIURPZRUNLQJIRUDWKLUGSDUW\XQOHVV
DXWKRULVHGWRGRVRE\WKHLUVSRXVHVZKLFKFOHDUO\FRQVLGHUDEO\UHVWULFWHGZRPHQ¶VDELOLWLHVDXWRQRP\DQGLQ
GHSHQGHQFH
7KLVZDVWKHFDVHLQVSLWHRIWKHIDFWWKDWWKHODZHVWDEOLVKLQJHTXDOUHPXQHUDWLRQ'HFUHH/DZ
$UWLFOHFDPHLQWRIRUFHEHIRUHWKH5HYROXWLRQRI$SULO+RZHYHULWZDVLQIRUFHDWDWLPHZKHQLWZDV
EHOLHYHGWKDWZRUNFDUULHGRXWE\ZRPHQZDVE\QRPHDQVHTXLYDOHQWWRZRUNGRQHE\PHQDQGFRQVHTXHQWO\
WKHODZKDGQRSUDFWLFDODSSOLFDWLRQLQEULQJLQJDERXWHTXDOSD\IRUPHQDQGZRPHQ
+DYLQJUDWLILHGWKH,/2¶V&RQYHQWLRQWKHEqual Remuneration ConventionZKLFKHQVKULQHVWKH
SULQFLSOHRIHTXDOUHPXQHUDWLRQIRUZRUNRIHTXDOYDOXH3RUWXJDOLVFRPPLWWHGWRDGRSWLQJOHJLVODWLRQDQGSROL
FLHVGHVLJQHGWRHOLPLQDWHSD\GLIIHUHQWLDOVEHWZHHQPHQDQGZRPHQZRUNHUV,WLVHTXDOO\FRPPLWWHGWRGRVR
XQGHUWKHWHUPVRIWKH(XURSHDQ6RFLDO&KDUWHU2QDQDWLRQDOOHYHOWKH&RQVWLWXWLRQRIWKH3RUWXJXHVH5HSXEOLF
HVWDEOLVKHVWKHULJKWWRHTXDOUHPXQHUDWLRQIRUZRUNRIHTXDOYDOXHWRSUHYHQWSD\GLVFULPLQDWLRQ7KHVDPHLV
WUXHRIVHYHUDORWKHUUHJXODWRU\LQVWUXPHQWVVXFKDVWKH(TXDOLW\$FWDQGWKH/DERXU&RGH&ROOHFWLYHUHJXOD
WRU\ LQVWUXPHQWV DQGWKH ZRUN GRQH E\ WKH VRFLDO SDUWQHUV KDYH DOVR EHHQ GHFLVLYH LQ FRPEDWLQJ JHQGHU ZDJH
JDSV
,QVSLWHRIWKHHTXDOSD\SULQFLSOHEHLQJHQVKULQHGLQQDWLRQDODQGLQWHUQDWLRQDOOHJDOLQVWUXPHQWVSD\LQH
TXDOLWLHVFRQWLQXHWRSHUVLVWLQ3RUWXJDODQGDUHUHYHDOHGE\GDWDFROOHFWHGE\WKH1DWLRQDO6WDWLVWLFV,QVWLWXWH
$FFRUGLQJWRWKHVHVWDWLVWLFVZRPHQZRUNLQJLQDJULFXOWXUHIRUH[DPSOHKDYHEHHQHDUQLQJRQDYHUDJH
OHVVWKDQPHQIRUWKHSDVWGHFDGH
II. The ILO and Gender Equality
A. Evolution
6LQFHLWVIRXQGLQJLQWKH,/2KDV EHHQHQJDJHGLQDWRXJKILJKW WRRYHUFRPH JHQGHULQHTXDOLWLHVLQWKH
ZRUOGRIZRUN,WKDVDGRSWHGFRXQWOHVV&RQYHQWLRQVDQG5HFRPPHQGDWLRQVRQLVVXHVVXFKDVPDWHUQLW\SURWHF
WLRQHTXDORSSRUWXQLWLHVSURWHFWLRQRIZRPHQHQJDJHGLQQLJKWZRUNDQGRWKHUPDWWHUVZKLFKKDYHKDGDPDMRU
7KHIROORZLQJ&RQYHQWLRQVVSHFLILFDOO\SURWHFWZRPHQZRUNHUV&RQYHQWLRQWKHMaternity Protection ConventioQ&RQYHQ
WLRQWKHNight Work (Women) Convention 1919&RQYHQWLRQNight Work (Women) Convention (Revised) 1934&RQYHQWLRQ
WKHUnderground Work (Women) Convention 1935&RQYHQWLRQWKHNight Work (Women) Convention (Revised) 1948;&RQYHQWLRQ
WKH Equal Remuneration Convention 1951&RQYHQWLRQWKH Maternity Protection Convention (Revised) 1952&RQYHQWLRQ
WKHDiscrimination (Employment and Occupation) Convention 1958&RQYHQWLRQWKH Workers with Family Responsibilities
Convention 1981 &RQYHQWLRQ WKH Night Work Convention 1990 DQG &RQYHQWLRQ WKH Maternity Protection Convention
2000
$GtOLD/LVERD$QD9LHLUD&ULVWLQD0RUDLV
LPSDFWLQPRVWFRXQWULHVLQWKHUHFRJQLWLRQRIJHQGHUHTXDOLW\,QIDFWQRWDVLQJOH\HDUKDVSDVVHGZKHQWKH,/2
KDV IDLOHG WR SURPRWH JHQGHU HTXDOLW\ RU WKH SURWHFWLRQ RI ZRPHQ¶V PDWHUQLW\ ULJKWV E\ DQ\ DYDLODEOH PHDQV
(YHU VLQFH WKH ,/2¶V ILUVW ,QWHUQDWLRQDO /DERXU &RQIHUHQFH LQ 2FWREHU LQ :DVKLQJWRQ '& ZKHUH VL[
&RQYHQWLRQVZHUHDGRSWHGLQFOXGLQJWKHNight Work (Women) ConventionDQGWKHMaternity Protection ConventionDQGULJKWXSWRWKHSUHVHQWGD\WKH2UJDQL]DWLRQKDVVWULYHGWRDFKLHYHJHQGHUHTXDOLW\JRDOV
6LQFH 'LUHFWRU*HQHUDO -XDQ 6RPDYLD GHILQHG WKH ,/2¶V PLVVLRQ DV LQFOXGLQJ D GHHS FRPPLWPHQW WR
DFKLHYLQJJHQGHUHTXDOLW\DFRPPLWPHQWZKLFKKDVIRXQGFRQFUHWHH[SUHVVLRQLQWKHLQFUHDVLQJQXPEHURIUDWL
ILFDWLRQVRI&RQYHQWLRQVGHDOLQJZLWKWKHLVVXHPXFKKDVEHHQDFKLHYHGDQGWKHLPSDFWRIWKH,/2¶VZRUNLQ
WKLVVSKHUHKDVEHHQIHOWZRUOGZLGH
)XUWKHUPRUH WKH LQFUHDVHG QXPEHU RI SURMHFWV DQG WHFKQLFDO FRRSHUDWLRQ SURJUDPPHV RUJDQLVHG E\ WKH
,/2RQJHQGHUHTXDOLW\UHODWHGLVVXHVKDYH\LHOGHGKLJKO\SRVLWLYHUHVXOWVLQDZDUHQHVVUDLVLQJRIDQGUHVHDUFK
LQWRSHUVLVWLQJSUREOHPVDQGWKHLUXQGHUO\LQJFDXVHV
B. The importance of the ILO Declaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work in promoting gender equality
1) As already mentioned, gender equality issues and women’s role in the world of work have been associated with the ILO since its beginnings, expressed from the outset in its 1919 Constitution, and reflected
by the adoption the same year of Convention 3, the Maternity Protection Convention 1919.
6LJQLILFDQWVWHSVLQDSSURDFKHVWRJHQGHUHTXDOLW\LVVXHVZHUHWDNHQLQWKHVZLWKWKHDGRSWLRQRI&RQYHQ
WLRQWKHEqual Remuneration Convention 1951DQG&RQYHQWLRQWKHDiscrimination (Employment and
Occupation) Convention 1958
,QKRZHYHUWKHUHZDVDTXDOLWDWLYHOHDSIRUZDUGZLWK,/2¶V'HFODUDWLRQRQ)XQGDPHQWDO3ULQFLSOHV
DQG5LJKWVDW:RUNDQGLWV)ROORZXSDGRSWHGE\WKHWK,QWHUQDWLRQDO/DERXU&RQIHUHQFHKHOGLQ*HQHYDRQ
-XQH
7KH'HFODUDWLRQREOLJHV,/2PHPEHUFRXQWULHVHYHQLIWKH\KDYHQRWUDWLILHGWKH&RQYHQWLRQVLQTXHVWLRQ
WRUHVSHFWSURPRWHDQGUHDOLVHWKHSULQFLSOHVFRQFHUQLQJWKHIXQGDPHQWDOULJKWVZKLFKDUHWKHVXEMHFWRIWKRVH
&RQYHQWLRQVLQFOXGLQJWKHHOLPLQDWLRQRIGLVFULPLQDWLRQLQUHVSHFWRIHPSOR\PHQWDQGRFFXSDWLRQ)RULWVSDUW
WKH,/2XQGHUWDNHVWRSURYLGHWHFKQLFDODVVLVWDQFHDQGFRRSHUDWLRQWRLWVPHPEHUVWRXWLOLVHVLPSOLILHGSURFH
GXUHVWRIROORZXSVLWXDWLRQVZKHUHPHPEHUVKDYHQRW\HWUDWLILHG&RQYHQWLRQVDQGWRSURGXFHD*OREDO5HSRUW
HDFK\HDURQRQHRIWKHIRXUFDWHJRULHVRIIXQGDPHQWDOSULQFLSOHVDQGULJKWVDWZRUN
7KHIDFWWKDWDKLJKQXPEHURIFRXQWULHVKDYHUDWLILHG&RQYHQWLRQVDQGVLQFHWKH\HDULQGL
FDWHVMXVWKRZLPSRUWDQWWKH'HFODUDWLRQLV
6HYHUDO RWKHU NH\ LQVWUXPHQWV KDYH EHHQ DGRSWHG VLQFH WKH 'HFODUDWLRQ LQFOXGLQJ &RQYHQWLRQ WKH
Maternity Protection Convention 2000DQGWKHResolution concerning the Promotion of Gender Equality, Pay
Equity and Maternity ProtectionDGRSWHGLQ7KHUHKDYHDOVREHHQRWKHU,/2LQLWLDWLYHVVXFKDVLWVILUVW
Gender Audit LQ DQG WKH 2005 Governing Body Decision on Gender Issues in Technical Cooperation
+RZHYHUWKHSROLWLFDOFRPPLWPHQWJHQHUDWHGE\WKH'HFODUDWLRQDQGHVSHFLDOO\LWV)ROORZXSKDVEHHQFRQVLG
HUDEOHDQGYLJRURXV
7KH*OREDO5HSRUWVRQGLVFULPLQDWLRQDWZRUNKDYHSURYHQWREHLPSRUWDQWWRROVIRUJRYHUQPHQWVDQGVR
FLDOSDUWQHUVLQFRPEDWLQJLQHTXDOLWLHVQRWRQO\RQDFFRXQWRIWKHILQGLQJVWKH\FRQWDLQEXWHVSHFLDOO\EHFDXVH
RIWKHQHHGIRUVROXWLRQVWKH\UHTXLUHRIPHPEHUFRXQWULHVDQGRIWKH,/2LWVHOI
7KHVH5HSRUWVDUHKLJKO\YDOXDEOHLQVRIDUDVWKH\HQKDQFHXQGHUVWDQGLQJRI,/2LQVWUXPHQWVQDPHO\WKH
&RQYHQWLRQVLQOLJKWRIQHZUHDOLWLHVDQGIDFLOLWDWHIUHVKDSSURDFKHVWRSUREOHPVDQGVROXWLRQVDVVRFLHWLHVXQ
GHUJRVXEVWDQWLDOFKDQJH
)520/(*,6/$7,217262&,$/67$1'$5'6352*5(66,1*72:$5'6*(1'(5(48$/,7<
,OOXVWUDWLRQV RI WKLV DUH WKH *OREDO 5HSRUWV RI DQG HQWLWOHG ³Time for equality at work´ DQG
³Equality at work: tackling the challenges´UHVSHFWLYHO\ZKLFKLQWURGXFHIDFWVDERXWQHZDQGHPHUJLQJIRUPV
RIGLVFULPLQDWLRQ
%RWK UHSRUWV DQDO\VH QHZ W\SHV RI GLVFULPLQDWLRQ VXFK DV DJH GLVFULPLQDWLRQ ± GLVFULPLQDWLRQ DJDLQVW
\RXQJHURUROGHUZRUNHUVZKLFKDUHQRWH[SUHVVO\UHIHUUHGWRLQ&RQYHQWLRQ
7KH*OREDO5HSRUWSURYLGHVGDWDRQHPHUJLQJIRUPVRIGLVFULPLQDWLRQVXFKDVJHQHWLFDQGOLIHVW\OH
GLVFULPLQDWLRQ
7KHVHDSSURDFKHVHQULFKDQGXSGDWH,/2&RQYHQWLRQVLQOLQHZLWKFKDQJLQJUHDOLWLHVDQGKHOSWRPDLQWDLQ
WKHYDOLGLW\RIH[LVWLQJVWDQGDUGV
$QRWKHULPSRUWDQWDVSHFWRIWKH*OREDO5HSRUWVLVWKHLUZLGHVSUHDGYLVLELOLW\GLVVHPLQDWLRQ7KHDQQXDO
,/2FRQIHUHQFHLVDPDMRUHYHQWDQGDQRSSRUWXQLW\IRUWKH2UJDQL]DWLRQWRUHSRUWDQGUDLVHSXEOLFDZDUHQHVVRQ
DUDQJHRINH\ODERXULVVXHV7KH *OREDO5HSRUWVDQG'LUHFWRU*HQHUDO¶VPHVVDJHLQSDUWLFXODUKDYHXQTXHV
WLRQDEO\DQLPSDFWZRUOGZLGHWKDWVKRXOGQRWEHXQGHUHVWLPDWHG
2) New Approaches
7KH *OREDO 5HSRUW UHFRPPHQGV QHZ DSSURDFKHV IRU DFKLHYLQJ JHQGHU HTXDOLW\ DW ZRUN QDPHO\ VXSSOH
PHQWLQJOHJLVODWLYHPHDVXUHVZLWKRWKHULQLWLDWLYHVDQGLQVWUXPHQWVDQGDOVRLQFOXGLQJWKH)XQGDPHQWDO3ULQFL
SOHVDQG5LJKWVLQLQWHUQDWLRQDODJUHHPHQWV
2.1. There is clearly a need to apply measures of different types to tackle persisting gender equality gaps,
at least in European Union countries where the legal framework is already sufficiently comprehensive. The question now is to come up with further instruments for raising awareness and influencing
all parties on the need to eradicate all forms of discrimination, including gender-based discrimination.
7RWKLVHQG3RUWXJDODOUHDG\KDVYDULRXVSXEOLFSROLFLHVLQSODFHQDPHO\LQUHODWLRQWRHGXFDWLRQDQGWUDLQLQJ
V\VWHPV2WKHULQLWLDWLYHVWRUDLVHDZDUHQHVVRIJHQGHUHTXDOLW\LVVXHVDPRQJHQWHUSULVHVDQGZRUNHUVKDYHEHHQ
MRLQWO\XQGHUWDNHQE\SXEOLFERGLHVDQGWKHVRFLDOSDUWQHUV
&RGHVRIFRQGXFWLQFRUSRUDWLQJWKHVHVXEMHFWVKDYHDOVREHHQDGRSWHG)RUH[DPSOHWKH&RGHRI(WKLFV
IRU7UDGHDQG6HUYLFHVVSHFLILFDOO\VWDWHV“special efforts shall be made to ensure full equality of opportunity for
all employees, continuously fighting any form of discrimination”7KH&RGHRI(WKLFVRIWKH3RUWXJXHVH$VVR
FLDWLRQRI3ULYDWH6HFWRU(PSOR\PHQW&RPSDQLHVDOVRHVWDEOLVKHV QRQGLVFULPLQDWLRQDQGVSHFLILFDOO\JHQGHU
GLVFULPLQDWLRQDVDIXQGDPHQWDOVWDQGDUGIRUWHPSRUDU\ZRUNHUV
5HJDUGLQJ FROOHFWLYH HPSOR\PHQW DJUHHPHQWV ZKLOHQR LQQRYDWLYH FRQWHQW RQ JHQGHU HTXDOLW\ DQGQRQ
GLVFULPLQDWLRQLVJHQHUDOO\LQFOXGHGWKHVHDJUHHPHQWVGRQRZDGD\VFRPSO\ZLWKFXUUHQWOHJLVODWLRQLQWKLVUH
VSHFW
)RUPDQ\\HDUVXQWLOWKH&ROOHFWLYH(PSOR\PHQW$JUHHPHQWVIRUWKH$JULFXOWXUDO6HFWRULQFOXGHG
WZRFDWHJRULHVRIDJULFXOWXUDOZRUNHUDWWKHERWWRPRIWKHSD\VFDOH&DWHJRU\$DQG&DWHJRU\%7KHUHZDVD
SD\GLIIHUHQFHDOEHLWVPDOOEHWZHHQ&DWHJRU\$DQG%ZRUNHUV$OWKRXJKLWZDVQHYHUH[SUHVVO\VWDWHGLWZDV
FRPPRQSUDFWLFHWRDOORFDWHZRPHQZRUNHUVWR&DWHJRU\%ZKHUHWKHSD\UDWHZDVORZHUEHFDXVHLWZDVEH
OLHYHG WKDW PHQ ZLWK WKHLU JUHDWHU VWUHQJWK DQG UHVLVWDQFH FRXOG FRSH EHWWHU ZLWK WKH SK\VLFDOO\ GHPDQGLQJ
ZRUN7KLVSUDFWLFHKDVVLQFHEHHQVXFFHVVIXOO\HUDGLFDWHGEXWLWLVDQH[DPSOHRIDJHQGHUZDJHJDSWKDWRQFH
H[LVWHG
$GtOLD/LVERD$QD9LHLUD&ULVWLQD0RUDLV
2.2. Another approach referred by the ILO in the 2007 Global Report relates to the inclusion of Fundamental Principles and Rights in regional economic integration agreements and free trade agreements.
7KLVLVDSSURDFKLVHVVHQWLDODQGVKRXOGEHJLYHQPRUHLQGHSWKDWWHQWLRQE\WKH,/2
,QWKLVIDVWFKDQJLQJZRUOGWKH,/2FRRSHUDWLQJZLWKRWKHULQWHUQDWLRQDORUJDQLVDWLRQVRQSROLF\GHYHO
RSPHQWPLJKWEHDEOHWRPDNHLQURDGVLQWRDUHDVVXFKDVWKHOLEHUDOLVDWLRQRILQWHUQDWLRQDOWUDGHEDVHGRQHWKL
FDOO\DQGVRFLDOO\UHVSRQVLEOHFRPSDQLHVDQGGHFHQWZRUNFRQGLWLRQV
7KLV DVSHFW ZRXOG QDWXUDOO\ HQWDLO LPSURYLQJ FRQGLWLRQV IRU ZRPHQ ZRUNHUV EXW LW KDV GHHSHU LPSOLFD
WLRQVLQYROYLQJWKHFRPSHWLWLYHQHVVRILQGLYLGXDOFRXQWULHVRUEORFNVOLNHWKH(XURSHDQ8QLRQ&RPSHWLWLYHQHVV
LQWKH(8JHQHUDOO\DQGLQ3RUWXJDOLQSDUWLFXODUZLOOODUJHO\GHSHQGRQWKHDELOLW\RIDQXPEHURIRUJDQLVDWLRQV
SDUWLFXODUO\WKH,/2WRUDLVHVWDQGDUGVRIZRUNLQJFRQGLWLRQVLQDVLJQLILFDQWQXPEHURIFRXQWULHV
III. Conclusion
0XFKHIIRUWKDVEHHQH[SHQGHG WRHVWDEOLVKIXOOJHQGHUHTXDOLW\DWQDWLRQDO(XURSHDQ8QLRQDQGLQWHUQDWLRQDO
OHYHOV,QWKLVUHVSHFWWKH&RQYHQWLRQRQWKH(OLPLQDWLRQRI$OO)RUPVRI'LVFULPLQDWLRQDJDLQVW:RPHQ&(
'$:DGRSWHGLQE\WKH81*HQHUDO$VVHPEO\LVRIWHQGHVFULEHGDV WKHLQWHUQDWLRQDOELOORIULJKWVIRU
ZRPHQ
1HYHUWKHOHVVZKLOHUHFRJQLVLQJWKHXQTXHVWLRQDEOHLPSRUWDQFHRIDOOWKHVHPHDVXUHVWKHUHLVFOHDUO\VWLOO
DJUHDWGHDOWREHGRQH$GRSWLQJOHJDOPHDVXUHVDORQHLVQRWHQRXJK±ODZVFDQEHEURNHQ(YHU\HIIRUWPXVW
EHPDGHWREULQJDERXWDFKDQJHLQPLQGVHWV
(YHQLQVRFDOOHGGHYHORSHGVRFLHWLHVWKLQJVKDSSHQWKDWUHPLQGXVWKDWWKHJHQGHUHTXDOLW\GHEDWHZKLFK
VWDUWHGQHDUO\DFHQWXU\DJRLVVWLOOIDUIURPRYHU1RWWRRORQJDJRIRUH[DPSOHWKH3UHVLGHQWRISUHVWLJLRXV
+DUYDUG8QLYHUVLW\FRPPHQWHGDWDVHPLQDUWKDWZRPHQKDGOHVV³LQWULQVLFDSWLWXGH´WKDQPHQIRUVFLHQFH+LV
DXWKRULWDWLYHSRVLWLRQDQGWKHSXEOLFQDWXUHRIKLVFRPPHQWVEURXJKWJHQGHULVVXHVEDFNWRWKHPHGLDOLPHOLJKW
6XGGHQO\ZHZHUHDJDLQKDYLQJWRGHDOZLWKWKHEDVLFLVVXHVRIJHQGHUHTXDOLW\OLNHGXULQJWKHIHPLQLVWVWUXJ
JOHVIRUUHFRJQLWLRQRIHTXDOLW\EHWZHHQZRPHQDQGPHQEDFNLQWKHHDUO\WK&HQWXU\
&OHDUO\WKHUHIRUHZHDUHRQDURDGWKDWGHVSLWHWKHREYLRXVSURJUHVVDFKLHYHGUHTXLUHVFRQVWDQWDWWHQWLRQ
DQGHIIRUWEHFDXVHRIWHQSUREOHPVLQWKLVDVLQRWKHUDUHDVGRQRWGLVDSSHDUEXWUDWKHUMXVWFKDQJHWKHLUDS
SHDUDQFH
2YHUWKH\HDUVWKH,/2KDVDGDSWHGWRIDFHQHZFKDOOHQJHVDQGKDVSOD\HGDSDUDPRXQWUROHLQWKHHUDGL
FDWLRQRIJHQGHUSD\JDSVDQGSURPRWLRQRIHTXDOLW\,WVWLUHOHVVHIIRUWVDQGFRPPLWPHQWWRZDUGVJHQGHUHTXDO
LW\DUHREYLRXVIURPWKH,QWHUQDWLRQDO/DERXU&RQIHUHQFHVZKHUHWKHLVVXHKDVVRRIWHQEHHQGHEDWHG
ILO and Gender Equality – A Critical Reflection
Odete Filipe
CGTP-IN
Abstract | 7KURXJKRXWLWVKLVWRU\WKH,/2KDVSOD\HGDSLRQHHULQJUROHLQWKHILJKWIRUZRPHQ¶VULJKWVDQG
HTXDORSSRUWXQLWLHVDQGWUHDWPHQW
,WLVQRZHVVHQWLDOWRFRQVROLGDWHWKDWUROHDQGWKH,/2¶VLQWHUQDWLRQDOOHDGHUVKLSLQDGYRFDWLQJIXQGDPHQWDO
SULQFLSOHVDQGULJKWVDWZRUNDQGWKHREMHFWLYHVHQVKULQHGLQWKHFRQFHSWRIGHFHQWZRUNLQFOXGLQJJHQGHU
HTXDOLW\LQRUGHUWRDFKLHYHLQWHUQDWLRQDOJRDOVLQWKLVILHOG
7KH,/2VKRXOGQRWRQO\FRQWLQXHZLWKLWVWUDGLWLRQDOIRUPVRIDFWLRQEXWDOVREURDGHQWKHVFRSHRILWVZRUN
RQJHQGHUHTXDOLW\7KH,/2¶VDGRSWLRQRI&RQYHQWLRQVDQG5HFRPPHQGDWLRQVDVVHVVPHQWRIWKHLUDSSOLFD
WLRQDQGIROORZXSUHSRUWVVKRXOGFRQWLQXH DQGEHFRPSOHPHQWHGZLWKPRUHGLUHFWLQWHUYHQWLRQLQDFWLRQV
DQGSURMHFWVRUJDQLVHGE\WKH2UJDQL]DWLRQLWVHOIRUE\RWKHUV DQGZLWKWKHLQWURGXFWLRQRIQHZWRSLFVIRU
UHIOHFWLRQRQWKHJHQGHUHTXDOLW\DQGGHFHQWZRUNDJHQGDV
BBBBBBBBBB
,/2$1'*(1'(5(48$/,7<,17+(:25/'2):25.6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRERRNOHWVQRSS
,/2$1'*(1'(5(48$/,7<±$&5,7,&$/5()/(&7,21
7KH,QWHUQDWLRQDO/DERXU2UJDQL]DWLRQ,/2ZDVIRXQGHGLQFKLHIO\IRUWKHSXUSRVHRISHUVXDGLQJWKH
LQWHUQDWLRQDOFRPPXQLW\ WR DGRSWDPRUHKXPDQLWDULDQDSSURDFKWRODERXUUHODWLRQVUHJXODWLRQE\DFWLYHO\
SURPRWLQJWKHDGRSWLRQRIEHWWHUZRUNLQJFRQGLWLRQVDQGWKHSURWHFWLRQRIZRUNHUV¶ULJKWV
1RZDGD\VJHQGHUHTXDOLW\LVUHJDUGHGLQWHUQDWLRQDOO\DVDIXQGDPHQWDOJRDODQGIRUWKLVUHDVRQLQ
WHUQDWLRQDO RUJDQLVDWLRQV SDUWLFXODUO\ WKH ,/2 IRFXVWKHLUHIIRUWV RQSURGXFLQJ GHFODUDWLRQV UHFRPPHQGD
WLRQVDQGRWKHULQVWUXPHQWVDQGPHDVXUHVGHVLJQHGWREULQJDERXWJUHDWHUJHQGHUEDODQFH
&RQVLGHULQJLWVORQJKLVWRU\DQGLWVWULSDUWLWHVWUXFWXUHEDVHGRQWKHHTXDOSDUWLFLSDWLRQRIJRYHUQPHQW
HPSOR\HUVDQGZRUNHUVUHSUHVHQWDWLYHVLQDOOGHFLVLRQPDNLQJSURFHVVHVLQFOXGLQJGUDZLQJXSODERXUVWDQ
GDUGVWKH,/2KDVDOZD\VSOD\HGDQLPSRUWDQWSDUWLQWKHVWUXJJOHIRUZRPHQ¶VULJKWVDQGIRUHTXDORSSRUWX
QLWLHVDQGWUHDWPHQW
,QWKHEHJLQQLQJWKH2UJDQL]DWLRQ¶VDWWLWXGHWRZDUGVZRPHQZRUNHUVZDVSURWHFWLRQLVWDQGWKLVZDV
UHIOHFWHGLQLWVHDUO\&RQYHQWLRQV&RQYHQWLRQWKHMaternity Protection Convention 1919&RQYHQWLRQ
WKHNight Work (Women) Convention 1919DQG&RQYHQWLRQWKHUnderground Work (Women) Convention 1935
7KLVZDVWRFKDQJHGUDPDWLFDOO\KRZHYHUZKHQIROORZLQJWKHDGRSWLRQRIWKHSULQFLSOHRIHTXDOUH
PXQHUDWLRQIRUZRUNRIHTXDOYDOXHWKHRUJDQL]DWLRQDGYRFDWHGWKDWPHQDQGZRPHQVKRXOGKDYHHTXDORS
SRUWXQLWLHVDQGHTXDOULJKWV
)LUVWWKH'HFODUDWLRQRI3KLODGHOSKLDSURFODLPHGWKHULJKWVRIZRPHQZRUNHUVDIILUPLQJWKDW
³(…) all human beings, irrespective of race, creed or sex, have the right to pursue both their material wellbeing and their spiritual development in conditions of freedom and dignity, of economic security and equal
opportunity´
7KHQODWHUWKH,/2UHLQIRUFHGLWVFRPPLWPHQWWRWKLVQHZSHUVSHFWLYHE\DGRSWLQJWZRFRUH&RQYHQ
WLRQVRQHTXDORSSRUWXQLWLHVDQGWUHDWPHQWEHWZHHQPHQDQGZRPHQ&RQYHQWLRQWKHEqual Remuneration Convention 1951DQG&RQYHQWLRQWKH Discrimination (Employment and Occupation) Convention
1958
)URPWKHQRQZDUGVWKH,/2UHPDLQHGDWWKHIRUHIURQWRIWKHILJKWDJDLQVWDOOIRUPVRIGLVFULPLQDWLRQ
DJDLQVW ZRPHQ SDUWLFXODUO\ GLVFULPLQDWLRQDW ZRUN DQG XUJHG LWV PHPEHU FRXQWULHV DQG VRFLDO SDUWQHUVWR
WDNHDFWLRQLPSURYHDQGLPSOHPHQWODERXUVWDQGDUGVFRPSLOHDQGGLVVHPLQDWHJHQGHUGHVHJUHJDWHGVWDWLV
WLFV DQG FUHDWH DQG FRQVROLGDWH LQVWLWXWLRQDO PHFKDQLVPV IRU SURPRWLQJ JHQGHU HTXDOLW\ DQG QRQ
GLVFULPLQDWLRQDWZRUN
0HDQZKLOH WKH 2UJDQL]DWLRQ FRPSLOHG DQG GLVVHPLQDWHG UHVHDUFK ILQGLQJV DQG UHSRUWV RQ ZRPHQ¶V
SDUWLFLSDWLRQLQWKHZRUOGRIZRUNDQGRQHTXDOSD\
,QWKH,/2ODXQFKHGLWV'HFHQW:RUN$JHQGDZKLFKLQFOXGHGWKHDLPRISURPRWLQJHTXDORS
SRUWXQLWLHVIRUZRPHQDQGPHQ7RJHWKHUZLWKWKH,/2GHFODUDWLRQVRQIXQGDPHQWDOSULQFLSOHVDQGULJKWVDW
ZRUN LVVXHG LQ DQG WKH 2UJDQL]DWLRQ UHOHDVHG WZR UHSRUWV RQ HTXDOLW\ LVVXHV LQ ZKLFK JHQGHU
HTXDOLW\ZDVJLYHQVSHFLDOIRFXV,QWKH,/2ODXQFKHGDQGOHGDFDPSDLJQDQGDJHQHUDOGLVFXVVLRQRQ
Gender Equality at the Heart of Decent Work
1RZDGD\VJHQGHUHTXDOLW\LVDQLVVXHWKDWFXWVDFURVVDOO,/2DFWLYLW\DUHDVDQGWKLVKDVEHFRPHH[
WUHPHO\YDOXDEOHQRWRQO\ZLWKLQWKH2UJDQL]DWLRQLWVHOIEXWDOVRIRUDOOLWVWULSDUWLWHFRQVWLWXHQWV
7KH DFWLYLWLHV DQG LQLWLDWLYHV UHIHUUHG WR DERYH DUH FOHDUO\ MXVW D IHZ H[DPSOHV RI WKH ,/2¶V LQWHQVH
ZRUNRQZRPHQ¶VULJKWVDQGJHQGHUHTXDOLW\&RXQWOHVVRWKHUH[DPSOHVFRXOGEHFLWHGEXWWKHRQHVZHKDYH
JLYHQVKRXOGEHHQRXJKWRLOOXVWUDWHWKHYLWDOSDUWWKH,/2KDVSOD\HGDQGLWVKXJHFRQWULEXWLRQWRPDNLQJWKLV
DEHWWHUZRUOG
2GHWH)LOLSH
1RQHWKHOHVVWKHWDVNIDFLQJXVLVDQHYHUHQGLQJRQH:LGHJHQGHUJDSVSHUVLVWLQPDQ\UHJLRQVRIWKH
ZRUOGDQGLQWHUQDWLRQDOJRDOVUHPDLQODUJHO\XQDFKLHYHG
*HQGHUGLVFULPLQDWLRQLVDV\VWHPLFHYROYLQJSKHQRPHQRQZKLFKFDQWDNHRQQHZDQGXQH[SHFWHG
IRUPV:RPHQDUHQRWDKRPRJHQHRXVJURXSDQGGLVFULPLQDWLRQDJDLQVWWKHPFDQFRPHLQPDQ\GLIIHUHQW
JXLVHV2IWHQZRPHQKDYHDGGLWLRQDOGLVDGYDQWDJHVVXFKDVKDYLQJDGLVDELOLW\RUEHORQJLQJWRDPLQRULW\
JURXS±DSKHQRPHQRQNQRZQDVPXOWLGLVFULPLQDWLRQ
0XOWLGLVFULPLQDWLRQLVDQHZILHOGLQZKLFKIHZLQLWLDWLYHVKDYHEHHQWDNHQVRIDUDQGZKLFKVKRXOG
EHJLYHQJUHDWHUYLVLELOLW\LQWKHHIIRUWVEHLQJWDNHQWRVSUHDGJHQGHUHTXDOLW\
,WVLQFOXVLRQRQWKH,/2¶VJHQGHUHTXDOLW\DJHQGDZRXOGPHDQLWFRXOGEHH[DPLQHGDQGGHEDWHGDQG
LQVWUXPHQWVWRFRPEDWPXOWLGLVFULPLQDWLRQFRXOGEHFRQVLGHUHG
6KDULQJIDPLO\UHVSRQVLELOLWLHVLVDQRWKHUFUXFLDOVXEMHFWHVSHFLDOO\LQWHUPVRIHOLPLQDWLQJSHUVLVWLQJ
JHQGHUVWHUHRW\SHVDQGDFKLHYLQJDIDLUVKDULQJRIIDPLO\UHVSRQVLELOLWLHVEHWZHHQPHQDQGZRPHQ
'HVSLWHWKH UHFRJQLWLRQRIZRPHQ¶V QHZVRFLDOUROHV LWUHPDLQVWKHFDVHWKDWLWLVZRPHQIDUPRUH
WKDQPHQZKRDUHUHVSRQVLEOHIRU WKHUDQJHRIWDVNVLQWKHKRPH DVVRFLDWHGZLWKFKLOGFDUHDQGFDULQJIRU
RWKHU IDPLO\ PHPEHUV 7KLV FRQWLQXHV WR EH D PDMRU VWXPEOLQJ EORFN LQ WKH ZD\ RI JHQGHU HTXDOLW\ DV LW
SODFHV ZRPHQ RQ D GHFLGHGO\ XQHTXDO IRRWLQJ WR PHQ LQ HPSOR\PHQW DQGLQKLELWVWKHLU FDUHHU SURJUHVVLRQ
DQGDFFHVVWRKLJKOHYHOSRVWV
,QWKLVUHVSHFWLWZRXOGEHYDOXDEOHLIWKH,/2ZHUHWRSULRULWLVHDQDVVHVVPHQWRIWKHDSSOLFDWLRQRI
&RQYHQWLRQ WKH Workers with Family Responsibilities Convention 1981 DQG VXEVHTXHQWO\ SURGXFH D
UHSRUWRQWKHPDWWHU
,WVKRXOGEHPHQWLRQHGWKDWWKH &*73,1LQFROODERUDWLRQZLWKWKH&,7(FRQWULEXWHGWRDJUHHPHQW
EHLQJUHDFKHGRQWKHLQFOXVLRQLQWKHReport of the Committee on Gender Equality, Sixth Item on the
agenda: Gender Equality at the Heart of Decent Work RI D SURSRVDO RQ WKH DGRSWLRQ RI LQVWUXPHQWV RQ
ZRUNHUV¶HQWLWOHPHQWWRSDWHUQLW\OHDYHDQGRQFRQVLGHULQJSDWHUQLW\WREHDVHVVHQWLDODVRFLDOYDOXHDVPD
WHUQLW\
,QWRGD\¶VZRUOGKRZHYHULQDGGLWLRQWROHJDOPHDVXUHVWKHUHLVDQHHGIRUFRQFUHWHDFWLRQZLWKSHR
SOHRQWKHJURXQG,QFUHDVLQJWKH,/2¶VWHFKQLFDOFRRSHUDWLRQDQGJXLGDQFHZRUNHVSHFLDOO\LQHGXFDWLRQ
DQGWUDLQLQJIRUHTXDOLW\DQGSURDFWLYHO\HQFRXUDJLQJLWVWULSDUWLWHFRQVWLWXHQWVWRPDLQVWUHDPWKHWUDQVYHUVDO
GLPHQVLRQRIJHQGHUHTXDOLW\LQWKHLUQDWLRQDOSROLFLHVZRXOGEHH[WUHPHO\YDOXDEOH
,QWKLVUHVSHFWZHPXVWXQGHUOLQHWKHLPSRUWDQFHRI,/2VWUXFWXUHV¶SDUWLFLSDWLRQLQSURMHFWVFDUULHG
RXWLQPHPEHUFRXQWULHVZLWKWUDGHXQLRQVHPSOR\HUV¶DVVRFLDWLRQVDQGRWKHUSDUWQHUVZKLFKDUHGHVLJQHGWR
SURPRWHJHQGHUHTXDOLW\WKURXJKFRQFUHWHDFWLRQVWKDWHQDEOHWKHDSSOLFDWLRQLQWKHUHDOZRUOGRIZRUNRIWKH
SULQFLSOHVHQVKULQHGLQWKHVWDQGDUGV
2QH H[DPSOH RI WKLV W\SH RI DFWLRQ LV WKH SURMHFW ³5HYDOXLQJ :RUN WR 3URPRWH *HQGHU (TXDOLW\´
(“Revalorizar o Trabalho para Promover a Igualdade”7KHSURMHFWZDVXQGHUWDNHQE\&*73,1DQGWKH
7UDGH 8QLRQ )HGHUDWLRQ IRU WKH 3RUWXJXHVH $JULFXOWXUH )RRG %HYHUDJHV +RWHOV DQG 7RXULVP ,QGXVWULHV
Federação dos Sindicatos de Alimentação, Bebidas, Hotelaria e Turismo de Portugal±)(6$+7 XQGHU
WKH&RPPXQLW\,QLWLDWLYH(48$/LQSDUWQHUVKLSZLWKWKH&RPPLVVLRQIRU(TXDOLW\LQ/DERXUDQG(PSOR\
PHQWComissão para a Igualdade no Trabalho e no Emprego±&,7(WKH:RUNLQJ&RQGLWLRQV$XWKRULW\
Autoridade para as Condições de Trabalho±$&7WKH,/22IILFHIRU3RUWXJDOWKHHPSOR\HUV¶DVVRFLD
WLRQ 3RUWXJXHVH $VVRFLDWLRQ RI +RWHOV 5HVWDXUDQWVDQG 6LPLODU (VWDEOLVKPHQWV Associação da Hotelaria,
Restauração e Similares de Portugal ± $+5(63 DQG WZR UHVHDUFK FHQWUHV WKH 6RFLDO ,QWHUYHQWLRQ 5H
VHDUFK&HQWUHCentro de Estudos para a Intervenção Social±&(6,6DQGWKH&HQWHUIRUWKH5HVHDUFKDQG
6WXG\ RI 6RFLRORJ\ RI WKH 8QLYHUVLW\ ,QVWLWXWH IRU 6RFLDO 6FLHQFHV %XVLQHVV 6WXGLHV DQG 7HFKQRORJLHV
(Centro de Investigação e Estudos de Sociologia do Instituto Superior de Ciências do Trabalho e da Empresa – CIES/ISCTE). 7KHSULPDU\SXUSRVHRIWKHSURMHFWZDVZLWK&RQYHQWLRQDVa EDVHOLQHWRWHVWD
MREHYDOXDWLRQPHWKRGIUHHRIJHQGHUELDVWKDWZRXOGDVFHUWDLQWKHUHODWLYHYDOXHRIMREVDQGRQWKDWEDVLV
DOORZIRUHTXDOSD\ZKHQWKHZRUNLQYROYHGZDVIRXQGWREHWKHVDPHRURIHTXDOYDOXH7KHPHWKRGZRXOG
WKHUHIRUHPDNHLWSRVVLEOHWRJLYHFRQFUHWHH[SUHVVLRQWRWKHSULQFLSOHRIHTXDOSD\IRUZRUNRIHTXDOYDOXH
WKDWLVIXQGDPHQWDOWRJHQGHUHTXDOLW\2WKHURXWSXWVRIWKHSURMHFWZHUHWUDLQLQJPRGXOHVZKLFKZHUHVXE
VHTXHQWO\WHVWHGE\WKH,/2,QWHUQDWLRQDO7UDLQLQJ&HQWUHDQGLQFRUSRUDWHGLQWKHQDWLRQDOTXDOLILFDWLRQV\V
WHP
,/2$1'*(1'(5(48$/,7<±$&5,7,&$/5()/(&7,21
'LUHFW LQLWLDWLYHV DV ZHOO DV ,/2 VSRQVRUHG DFWLRQV DQG SURMHFWV RI WKLV W\SH DUH FHUWDLQO\ HIIHFWLYH
ZD\VWRGULYHIRUZDUGWKHJHQGHUHTXDOLW\DJHQGD
$OWKRXJKPRVW,/2PHPEHUVKDYHSXWFRQVLGHUDEOHHIIRUWLQWRILJKWLQJJHQGHUGLVFULPLQDWLRQDWZRUN
DQGKDYHUDWLILHGWKHFRUHJHQGHUHTXDOLW\FRQYHQWLRQVHUDGLFDWLQJJHQGHUGLVFULPLQDWLRQLQHPSOR\PHQWDQG
RFFXSDWLRQLVEHFRPLQJLQFUHDVLQJO\XUJHQWDQGQHFHVVDU\7KHLQWHUQDWLRQDOILQDQFLDOFULVLVKDVH[DFHUEDWHG
LQHTXDOLWLHVDQGLQVHFXULW\LQWKHZRUOGDQGWKLVZLOOXOWLPDWHO\GLPLQLVKWKHHIIHFWLYHQHVVRIDQ\DFWLRQWDNHQ
WRDJDLQVWGLVFULPLQDWRU\SUDFWLFHV
:LWKLQWKLVIUDPHZRUNFRQVROLGDWLQJWKH,/2¶VUROHLVYLWDO,WVLQWHUQDWLRQDOOHDGHUVKLSLQDGYRFDWLQJ
IXQGDPHQWDOODERXUULJKWVDQGSULQFLSOHVDQGGHFHQWZRUNJRDOVLQFOXGLQJJHQGHUHTXDOLW\PXVWEHXQGHU
SLQQHGLILQWHUQDWLRQDOREMHFWLYHVLQWKLVILHOGDUHWREHDFKLHYHG
7KHJHQGHUJDSLQHPSOR\PHQWDQGUHPXQHUDWLRQDQGWKHQHHGIRUSROLFLHVWKDWLQFRUSRUDWHPHDVXUHV
WRFRPEDWJHQGHUGLVFULPLQDWLRQLQDFFHVVWRHPSOR\PHQWDQGRFFXSDWLRQLQUHPXQHUDWLRQDQGFDUHHUSUR
JUHVVLRQPHDVXUHVWKDWJXDUDQWHHSDUHQWDOULJKWVDQGDGGUHVVWKHUHFRQFLOLDWLRQRIZRUNDQGIDPLO\UHVSRQVL
ELOLWLHV ZLWK JUHDWHU VKDULQJ RI IDPLO\ UHVSRQVLELOLWLHV EHWZHHQ PHQ DQG ZRPHQ DQG PHDVXUHV DGGUHVVLQJ
PXOWLGLVFULPLQDWLRQ LVVXHV ± WKHVH DUH WKH PDLQ WRSLFV RQ WKH JHQGHU HTXDOLW\ DJHQGD RQ ZKLFK WKH ,/2
VKRXOGFRQWLQXHWRIRFXVLQRUGHUWRDFKLHYHLWSULPDU\JRDO±WRSURPRWHRSSRUWXQLWLHVIRUZRPHQDQGPHQ
WRREWDLQGHFHQWDQGSURGXFWLYHZRUNLQFRQGLWLRQVRIIUHHGRPHTXLW\VHFXULW\DQGKXPDQGLJQLW\
The Role of Social Partners in Promoting Gender Equality at
Work: A Balance of Interests.
The Portuguese Industrial Confederation’s Perspective.
Sofia Baião Horta
Llawyer at the Department of Legal, Social and Labour Affairs (Departamento dos Assuntos Jurídicos e
Sócio-Laborais – DAJSL) and representative of the Portuguese Industrial Confederation (Confederação
Industrial Portuguesa – CIP) on the Commission for Equality in Labour and Employment (Comissão para a
Igualdade no Trabalho e no Emprego – CITE)
Abstract | 7KLVDUWLFOHFRQFHUQVWKHLQIOXHQFHRI,/2SULQFLSOHVDQGULJKWVLQOHJLVODWLRQDQGLQLQGXVWULDO
UHODWLRQV,WLVKLJKOLJKWWKHUROHRIVRFLDOSDUWQHUVSDUWLFXODUO\WKH&,3LQWKHSURFHVVRISUHSDULQJOHJLVODWLRQ
DQGSDUWLFLSDWLRQLQQDWLRQDODQGLQWHUQDWLRQDOHYHQWVGHDOLQJZLWKJHQGHUHTXDOLW\DQGUHFRQFLOLQJIDPLO\OLIH
DQGZRUNLVVXHV7KLVDUWLFOHDOVRUHIHUVWKHPHDVXUHVLQWURGXFHGLQWKHUHYLVLRQRIWKH/DERXU&RGHLQRUGHU
WRDFKLHYHDEDODQFHEHWZHHQWKHLQWHUHVWVRIFRPSDQLHVDQGZRUNHUV
BBBBBBBBBB
,/2$1'*(1'(5(48$/,7<,17+(:25/'2):25.6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRERRNOHWVQRSS
7+(52/(2)62&,$/3$571(56,1352027,1**(1'(5(48$/,7<$7:25.$%$/$1&(2),17(5(676
7+(32578*8(6(,1'8675,$/&21)('(5$7,21¶63(563(&7,9(
1.
*HQHUDOO\VSHDNLQJWKHLQIOXHQFHRIWKH,QWHUQDWLRQDO/DERXU2UJDQL]DWLRQ,/2RQWKHGRPHVWLFOHJDOV\V
WHPVRILWVPHPEHUFRXQWULHVKDVEHHQHQRUPRXVGXHWRWKHVWDELOLVLQJHIIHFWLWVOHJDOLQVWUXPHQWVKDYHKDG
RQODERXUUHODWLRQV
2YHUWKH\HDUVUHJXODWRU\SULQFLSOHVDULVLQJIURPWKHZRUNRIWKH,/2KDYHJUDGXDOO\EHHQLQFRUSR
UDWHGLQQDWLRQDOOHJDOV\VWHPVUHYHDOLQJDFRPPLWPHQWRQWKHSDUWRI6WDWHVWRKDUPRQLVHWKHLUGRPHVWLFODZ
LQOLQHZLWK,/2SULQFLSOHVDQGVWDQGDUGV
)RUWKLVSXUSRVHLQWHUQDWLRQDOVWDQGDUGVKDYHWREHJHQHUDODQGIOH[LEOHVRWKDWWKH\FDQEHVXFFHVV
IXOO\DGRSWHGE\WKHGLIIHUHQWPHPEHUVWDWHVDQGDGDSWHGWRWKHLUUHVSHFWLYHOHJDOV\VWHPVFXOWXUHDQGVRFLDO
GHYHORSPHQW
7KHLPSRUWDQFHRIWKH,/2¶VUROHLQWKHGHYHORSPHQWRIODERXUUHJXODWLRQDQGSURPRWLRQRIVRFLDOGLD
ORJXHDQGQHJRWLDWLRQDWQDWLRQDOOHYHOFDQQRWEHRYHUHPSKDVLVHG
1HJRWLDWLRQ KDV PDGH LW SRVVLEOH WR HVWDEOLVK FRPPRQ JURXQG IRU SURPRWLQJ VRFLDO DQG HFRQRPLF
JRDOV
2.
6LQFHWKH,/2KDVDGRSWHG&RQYHQWLRQVDQG5HFRPPHQGDWLRQV
6RPH&RQYHQWLRQVDQG5HFRPPHQGDWLRQVDGGUHVVRQHRIWKHIXQGDPHQWDOSULQFLSOHVHQVKULQHGLQWKH
,/2¶V'HFODUDWLRQRQ)XQGDPHQWDO3ULQFLSOHVDQG5LJKWVDW:RUN±“the elimination of discrimination
in respect of employment and occupation´
7KHWRSLF³7KH,/2DQG*HQGHU(TXDOLW\´IDOOVZLWKLQWKHFRQWH[WRIWKLVSULQFLSOH
:KDWZDVVDLGDERYHDERXWWKHLPSDFWRIWKH,/2¶VZRUNRQWKHZRUOGRIODERXUDOVRDSSOLHVWRWKH
TXHVWLRQRIJHQGHUHTXDOLW\
7KHILUVW,/2&RQYHQWLRQVUHODWLQJWRHTXDOLW\ZHUHDGRSWHGLQDQG
&RQYHQWLRQWKHEqual Remuneration ConventionDGRSWHGLQ-XQHSURYLGHVIRUHTXDOSD\IRU
ZRPHQDQGPHQZRUNHUVIRUZRUNRIHTXDOYDOXH,/25HFRPPHQGDWLRQWKHEqual Remuneration RecommendationDOVRDGRSWHGLQ-XQHVXSSOHPHQWVWKH&RQYHQWLRQ
&RQYHQWLRQ WKH Discrimination (Employment and Occupation) Convention ZDV DGRSWHG RQ -XQH
%RWK&RQYHQWLRQVHVWDEOLVKWKDW,/2PHPEHUFRXQWULHVXQGHUWDNHWRSURPRWHDQGLISRVVLEOHHQVXUH
WKH DSSOLFDWLRQ RI WKH SULQFLSOHV LQ TXHVWLRQ ³… by methods appropriate to national conditions and practice…”
,Q3RUWXJDODQGRWKHUFRXQWULHVWKHSULQFLSOHRIJHQGHUHTXDOLW\LQWKHFRQWH[WRIHPSOR\PHQWRFFXSD
WLRQDQGUHPXQHUDWLRQKDVHYROYHGVLQFHWKHDGRSWLRQRIWKHILUVW&RQYHQWLRQVLQOLQHZLWKFKDQJHVLQVRFLHW\
LWVHOIDQGWKHGLIIHUHQWSROLWLFDOUHJLPHVLQSRZHU
$VWKHPRVWLQIOXHQWLDOHPSOR\HUV¶DVVRFLDWLRQDQGDVRFLDOSDUWQHUWKH&,3Confederação Industrial
Portuguesa ± 3RUWXJXHVH ,QGXVWULDO &RQIHGHUDWLRQ WRRN SDUW LQ WKH OHJDO GUDIWLQJ RI &RQYHQWLRQ WKH
Workers with Family Responsibilities ConventionDGRSWHGE\WKH,/2LQ $VLVFXVWRPDU\WKH&,3
ZDVSDUWRIWKHHPSOR\HUV¶UHSUHVHQWDWLRQDWWKHWK,QWHUQDWLRQDO/DERXU&RQIHUHQFHDWZKLFK&RQYHQWLRQ
ZKLFKDSSOLHVWRERWKJHQGHUVZDVDGRSWHG
6RILD%DLmR+RUWD
'XULQJ WKH &RQIHUHQFH HPSOR\HUV UDLVHG WKHLU FRQFHUQV DERXW WKH QHHG WR HQVXUH WKDW WKH VWDQGDUGV
XQGHUGLVFXVVLRQZRXOGEH IHDVLEOHDQGUHVXOWLQYLDEOHVROXWLRQVWRWKHHYHU\GD\SUREOHPVIDFLQJZRUNHUV
ZLWKIDPLO\UHVSRQVLELOLWLHV
7KHHPSOR\HUV¶UHSUHVHQWDWLYHVSURSRVHGWKHLQWURGXFWLRQRIDPHFKDQLVPWKDWZRXOGDOORZWKHDSSOL
FDWLRQRIWKH&RQYHQWLRQ¶VSURYLVLRQVWREHJUDGXDOO\SKDVHGLQLIQDWLRQDOFRQGLWLRQVVRUHTXLUHG
3.
3RUWXJDOUDWLILHG&RQYHQWLRQVDQGZLWK'HFUHH/DZRI1RYHPEHUDQG'HFUHH/DZ
RI6HSWHPEHUUHVSHFWLYHO\
,Q'HFUHH/DZRI1RYHPEHULQWURGXFHGWKHSULQFLSOHRI³HTXDOUHPXQHUDWLRQIRUZRUN
RIHTXDOYDOXH´LQWRWKH3RUWXJXHVHOHJLVODWLRQ
)URP RQZDUGV ZRPHQ ZHUH DOORZHG DFFHVV WR DOO FLYLO VHUYLFH SRVLWLRQV LQ ORFDO JRYHUQPHQW
'HFUHH/DZRI-XQHWKHGLSORPDWLFVHUYLFHWKURXJK'HFUHH/DZRI-XO\DQGWRPDJ
LVWHULDOFDUHHUV'HFUHH/DZRI6HSWHPEHU
7KH&RQVWLWXWLRQRIWKH3RUWXJXHVH5HSXEOLFHQVKULQHGYDULRXVDVSHFWVRIWKHHTXDOLW\SULQFLSOH
DVKDGWKHSUHYLRXV&RQVWLWXWLRQRI
$UWLFOHHVWDEOLVKHVWKHJHQHUDOSULQFLSOHWKDW³No person may benefit from any favours or privileges,
be deprived of any rights or be exempted from any duties based on their origin, gender, race, language,
place of birth, religion, political opinions or ideas, education, economic or social status, or sexual orientation”
7KH &RQVWLWXWLRQ DOVR UHFRJQLVHV WKH SULQFLSOH RI HTXDO UHPXQHUDWLRQ $UWLFOH VWLSXODWHV WKDW DOO
ZRUNHUVLUUHVSHFWLYHRIJHQGHUDPRQJVWRWKHUIDFWRUVDUHHQWLWOHGWRUHPXQHUDWLRQDFFRUGLQJWRWKHTXDQ
WLW\QDWXUHDQGTXDOLW\RIWKHZRUNSHUIRUPHGDQGLQREVHUYDQFHRIWKHSULQFLSOHRIHTXDOUHPXQHUDWLRQIRU
ZRUNRIHTXDOYDOXH
$UWLFOHDOVRUHIHUVWRWKHJHQGHUHTXDOLW\SULQFLSOHLQVRIDUDVLWVWDWHVLWLVWKHGXW\RIWKH6WDWHWR
SURPRWH“equality of opportunity in the choice of occupation or type of work and conditions so that access to
any position, work or professional category is not barred or restricted by reason of gender”
/DERXUOHJLVODWLRQHQFRPSDVVHVDOOWKHVHSULQFLSOHV
7KHUHYLVHG/DERXU&RGHSXWLQWRHIIHFWE\/DZRI)HEUXDU\HVWDEOLVKHGDVSHFLILFJHQGHU
HTXDOLW\DQGQRQGLVFULPLQDWRU\UHJLPH$UWLFOHVWR
7KHVHSULQFLSOHVKDYHGHVHUYHGO\EHHQLQFOXGHGLQDOOFROOHFWLYHODERXUDJUHHPHQWVHQWHUHGLQWRVLQFH
,Q WKH &RPPLVVLRQ IRU (TXDOLW\ LQ /DERXU DQG (PSOR\PHQW Comissão para a Igualdade no
Trabalho e no Emprego ± &,7( ZDV VHW XS IRU WKH SXUSRVH RI SURPRWLQJ DQG HQVXULQJ FRPSOLDQFH ZLWK
GRPHVWLFDQGFRPPXQLW\JHQGHUHTXDOLW\OHJLVODWLRQDQGSURFHVVLQJFRPSODLQWVUHODWLQJWRQRQFRPSOLDQFH
7KHVRFLDOSDUWQHUVLQFOXGLQJWKH&,3DUHUHSUHVHQWHGRQWKH&RPPLVVLRQ
7KH&,7(¶VPDQGDWHZDVUHFHQWO\H[WHQGHGZLWKWKHSDVVLQJRI'HFUHH/DZRI1RYHP
EHUWKDWDSSURYHGDQHZRUJDQLFODZDFFRUGLQJWRZKLFKWKH&RPPLVVLRQZRXOGQRZEHUHVSRQVLEOHIRU
HYDOXDWLQJ WKH OHJDOLW\ RI SURYLVLRQV IRU JHQGHU HTXDOLW\ DQG QRQGLVFULPLQDWLRQ DW ZRUN DQG LQ HP
SOR\PHQWFRQWDLQHGLQQHJRWLDWHGFROOHFWLYHDJUHHPHQWUHJXODWRU\LQVWUXPHQWV
HYDOXDWLQJWKHOHJDOLW\RIUXOLQJVSDVVHGLQPDQGDWRU\DUELWUDWLRQSURFHVVHVZKHQHYHUGLVFULPLQDWLRQLV
VXVSHFWHG
SURYLGLQJDVVLVWDQFHWRYLFWLPVRIJHQGHUEDVHGGLVFULPLQDWLRQ
7+(52/(2)62&,$/3$571(56,1352027,1**(1'(5(48$/,7<$7:25.$%$/$1&(2),17(5(676
7+(32578*8(6(,1'8675,$/&21)('(5$7,21¶63(563(&7,9(
4.
,QVSLWHRIWKHGLIILFXOWLHVZRPHQIDFHLQUHFRQFLOLQJIDPLO\DQGZRUNUHVSRQVLELOLWLHVZKLFKLVVWLOOWKHELJ
JHVWREVWDFOHWRJHQGHUHTXDOLW\WKHWUHQGODWHO\KDVEHHQWRZDUGVLQFUHDVHGJHQGHUHTXDOLW\LQHPSOR\PHQW
DQGHGXFDWLRQ
7KHVHZRUNOLIHEDODQFHSUREOHPVFRPELQHGZLWKFXOWXUDODVSHFWVDUHWKRXJKWWREHWKHPDLQUHDVRQ
ZK\ZRPHQDUHPRUHUHSUHVHQWHGLQDFWLYLW\VHFWRUVVXFKDVFDUHVHUYLFHVHGXFDWLRQFOHDQLQJUHWDLOVDOHV
HWFZKLFKDUHDVVRFLDWHGZLWKWKHLUWUDGLWLRQDOUROHVLQVRFLHW\DQGXQGHUUHSUHVHQWHGLQIRUH[DPSOHVHQLRU
PDQDJHPHQWSRVLWLRQV
,QWKH(8RQO\RIFRPSDQ\GLUHFWRUVRIERDUGPHPEHUVDQGRIERDUGFKDLUSHUVRQV
DUHZRPHQ
,Q3RUWXJDOOHVVWKDQRIFRPSDQ\ERDUGPHPEHUVDUHZRPHQ
/DERXUPDUNHWVHJPHQWDWLRQQHHGVWREHWDFNOHGE\ SURPRWLQJDFXOWXUHRIHTXDOLW\EUHDNLQJGRZQ
FXOWXUDOEDUULHUVDQGHQVXULQJWKDWZRPHQDVZHOODVPHQDUHDEOHWRHQMR\DQDPSOHUDQJHRIFDUHHUFKRLFHV
,QWKLVUHVSHFWWKHIROORZLQJLQLWLDWLYHVVKRXOGEHFRQVLGHUHG
HGXFDWLRQDOLQLWLDWLYHVIURPSULPDU\HGXFDWLRQWRXQLYHUVLW\GHVLJQHGWRHQFRXUDJHER\VDQGJLUOVWR
PDNHFKRLFHVDERXWWKHLUVWXGLHVDQGFDUHHUVDQGUDLVLQJWKHLUDZDUHQHVVRIWKHLUHTXDOVWDQGLQJDQG
WKHQHHGWRVKDUHIDPLO\UHVSRQVLELOLWLHV
PDNLQJHIIRUWVWRDWWUDFWJLUOVDQG\RXQJZRPHQLQWRWHFKQLFDODQGVFLHQWLILFSURIHVVLRQV
SURPRWLQJHQWUHSUHQHXUVKLSDVDYDOLGFDUHHUFKRLFHIRUZRPHQDVZHOODVPHQDVDQHIIRUWWRLQFUHDVH
WKHQXPEHURIZRPHQLQYROYHGLQGHFLVLRQPDNLQJ
GHYHORSLQJWKHVNLOOVRIZRPHQDQGPHQRYHUWKHFRXUVHRIWKHLUZRUNLQJOLYHVQDPHO\WKURXJKHGXFD
WLRQWUDLQLQJOLIHORQJOHDUQLQJHWF
5.
&RPSDQLHVKDYHDQLPSRUWDQWUROHLQWKLVUHVSHFWLQVRIDUDVWKH\QHHGWKHEHVWVNLOOHGKXPDQUHVRXUFHVSRV
VLEOHLUUHVSHFWLYHRIJHQGHULIWKH\ZDQWWREHFRPHPRUHFRPSHWLWLYH
6KDULQJEHVWSUDFWLFHKDVSURYHQWREHDYHU\HIIHFWLYHDQGYDOXDEOHWRRO
%HVWSUDFWLFHKDVVKRZQWKDWSURPRWLQJJHQGHUHTXDOLW\LVQRWMXVWDPDWWHURIHWKLFVRUSROLWLFDOO\DQG
OHJDOO\LPSRVHGREMHFWLYHV 2QWKHFRQWUDU\JHQGHUHTXDOLW\ HQKDQFHVFRPSHWLWLYHDGYDQWDJHDQGHQDEOHV
PDQDJHUVWRFRQWULEXWHGHFLVLYHO\WRPD[LPLVLQJWKHFRPSDQ\¶VIXOOSRWHQWLDO
)URPWKLVSHUVSHFWLYHWKH&,3EHOLHYHVWKDWSURPRWLQJZRPHQWRGHFLVLRQPDNLQJSRVLWLRQVLVLQIDFW
DQ LQYHVWPHQW LQ PRUH SURGXFWLYH LQQRYDWLYH DQG VWLPXODWLQJ ZRUNLQJ HQYLURQPHQWV ZKLFK LQ WXUQ ZLOO
OHDGWRLPSURYHPHQWVLQWKHODERXUPDUNHWJHQHUDOO\
$QGZKDWKDYHWKH6RFLDO3DUWQHUVGRQH"
6.
:LWKLQ WKH VFRSH RI VRFLDO GLDORJXH ERWK ELSDUWLWH DQG WULSDUWLWH ZLWK WKH JRYHUQPHQW WKH VRFLDO SDUWQHUV
KDYHGHILQHGSROLF\JXLGHOLQHVRQWKHVHLVVXHV
,QWHUQDWLRQDOO\LQDGGLWLRQWRWKH,/2¶V&RQYHQWLRQ±WKHEqual Remuneration Convention
&RQYHQWLRQ ± WKH Maternity Protection Convention &RQYHQWLRQ ± WKH Discrimination
(Employment and Occupation) ConventionDQG&RQYHQWLRQ±WKHWorkers with Family Responsibilities Convention±DOORIZKLFKKDYHEHHQUDWLILHGE\WKH3RUWXJXHVH6WDWH±JHQGHUHTXDOLW\LVVXHVZHUH
UHFHQWO\GLVFXVVHGDWWKH,/2¶VWK,QWHUQDWLRQDO/DERXU&RQIHUHQFHLQ
7KHVRFLDOSDUWQHUV¶ZRUNRQWKHVHLVVXHVLQWKHFRQWH[WRIWKH(8VKRXOGDOVREHPHQWLRQHGQDPHO\LQ
FRQQHFWLRQZLWK%86,1(66(8523(RIZKLFK WKH&,3LVDPHPEHU8($30(DQG&((3UHSUHVHQWLQJ
HPSOR\HUVDQGWKH(XURSHDQ7UDGH8QLRQ&RQIHGHUDWLRQ(78&UHSUHVHQWLQJWUDGHXQLRQV
6RILD%DLmR+RUWD
)LUVWO\WKH(XURSHDQVRFLDOSDUWQHUVVLJQHGRQ-XQHDUHYLVHG)UDPHZRUN$JUHHPHQWRQSD
UHQWDOOHDYHDIWHUKDYLQJQHJRWLDWHGDUHYLVHGYHUVLRQRIWKHILUVW)UDPHZRUN$JUHHPHQWRQSDUHQWDOOHDYH
ZKLFKZDVSXWLQWRHIIHFWE\&RXQFLO'LUHFWLYH(&RI-XQH
7KLV $JUHHPHQW ZDV VXEVHTXHQWO\ IRUZDUGHG WR WKH (XURSHDQ &RPPLVVLRQ IRU VXEPLVVLRQ WR WKH
(XURSHDQ&RXQFLOZLWKDYLHZWRPDNLQJLWVSURYLVLRQVPDQGDWRU\LQ(80HPEHU6WDWHV
7KHSXUSRVHRIWKH$JUHHPHQWZDVEURDGO\VSHDNLQJWRVHW RXWPLQLPXP UHTXLUHPHQWVRQSDUHQWDO
OHDYH DV DQ LPSRUWDQW PHDQV RI UHFRQFLOLQJ ZRUN DQG IDPLO\ OLIH DQG SURPRWLQJ HTXDO RSSRUWXQLWLHV DQG
WUHDWPHQWEHWZHHQPHQDQGZRPHQ
2Q0DUFKWKH(XURSHDQ&RXQFLO¶V'LUHFWLYH(8ZDVSXEOLVKHGSXWWLQJLQWRHIIHFWWKH
UHYLVHG )UDPHZRUN $JUHHPHQW RQ 3DUHQWDO /HDYH VLJQHG E\ %86,1(66(8523( 8($30( &((3 DQG
&(6DQGUHYRNLQJWKH&RXQFLO¶V'LUHFWLYH(&-XQH
6HFRQGO\ LQ 0DUFK WKH(XURSHDQ VRFLDOSDUWQHUVDGRSWHG D Framework of Actions on Gender
Equality 6XEVHTXHQWO\ WKH &,3 8*7 DQG &*73,1 GUDIWHG DQG VXEPLWWHG MRLQW UHSRUWV WR %UXVVHOV GH
VFULELQJ KRZ WKH IUDPHZRUN RI DFWLRQV KDG EHHQ IROORZHG XS LQ WKH VRFLDO SDUWQHUV¶ DFWLYLWLHV RQ JHQGHU
HTXDOLW\LQ3RUWXJDO7KHLUUHSRUWVDGGUHVVHGIRXUSULRULW\DUHDVIRUDFWLRQ
DGGUHVVLQJJHQGHUUROHV
SURPRWLQJZRPHQLQGHFLVLRQPDNLQJ
VXSSRUWLQJZRUNOLIHEDODQFH
WDFNOLQJWKHJHQGHUSD\JDS
7KHUHKDVDOVREHHQGLVFXVVLRQDQGDJUHHPHQWRQWKHVHLVVXHVDPRQJWKHVRFLDOSDUWQHUVDWQDWLRQDOOHYHO
,QIDFWLQWKHVSKHUHRIWKH³Tripartite Agreement for a New Regulatory System for Labour Relations,
Employment Policies and Social Protection in Portugal´HQWHUHGLQWRLQ-XQHE\WKHVRFLDOSDUWQHUVDQG
JRYHUQPHQW FRPSHWLWLYHQHVV DQG HTXDO RSSRUWXQLWLHV ZHUH H[WHQVLYHO\ GLVFXVVHG 7KH DJUHHPHQW HVWDE
OLVKHG PHDVXUHV UHODWLQJ WR WZR LQWHUFRQQHFWHG LVVXHV WKH GXUDWLRQ DQG RUJDQLVDWLRQ RI ZRUNLQJ WLPH DQG
ZRUNOLIHEDODQFH
*LYHQWKDWSURGXFWLRQQHHGVDQGWKHQHHGVRIZRUNHUVWRUHFRQFLOHZRUNZLWKIDPLO\OLIHKDYHUHVXOWHG
LQ FRPSDQLHV DQG HPSOR\HHV PDNLQJ WKH RUJDQLVDWLRQ RI ZRUNLQJ WLPH PRUH IOH[LEOH DQG OHG WR D FHUWDLQ
GHJUHHRILQIRUPDOLW\WKHDIRUHPHQWLRQHG$JUHHPHQWZKLFKODLGWKHIRXQGDWLRQVIRUDUHYLVLRQRIWKHSUHV
HQWO\ LQ IRUFH /DERXU &RGH LQFOXGHV D VHULHV RI PHDVXUHV LQWHQGHG WR UHDFK DPLGGOH JURXQG EHWZHHQWKH
LQWHUHVWVRIWKHSDUWLHVLQTXHVWLRQ
7KHIOH[LELOLW\LQWURGXFHGLQWHUPVRIZRUNLQJWLPHRUJDQLVDWLRQUHIOHFWHGLQFRQFHSWVVXFKDVJURXS
DGDSWDELOLW\HVWDEOLVKHG E\ FROOHFWLYH RULQGLYLGXDODJUHHPHQWFRQFHQWUDWLRQRIZRUNLQJKRXUVDOVRHVWDE
OLVKHG E\ FROOHFWLYH RU LQGLYLGXDO DJUHHPHQW WKH ³ZRUNLQJ KRXUV EDQN´ ZKHQ LQFOXGHG LQ D FROOHFWLYH
DJUHHPHQWDQGWKHSRVVLELOLW\E\PXWXDODJUHHPHQWRIHPSOR\HHVZRUNLQJH[WUDWLPHRXWVLGHWKHLUQRUPDO
ZRUNLQJKRXUVWRFRPSHQVDWHIRUDEVHQFHVIURPZRUNUHIOHFWVDIUDPHZRUNLQZKLFKZLWKWKHH[FHSWLRQRI
WKH ³ZRUNLQJ KRXUV EDQN´ WKH HPSOR\HUZRUNHU UHODWLRQVKLS LV EHFRPLQJ LQFUHDVLQJO\ D GLUHFW QHJRWLDWLQJ
UHODWLRQVKLSZKHUHDVWKHIDUZLGHUVFRSHRIFROOHFWLYHEDUJDLQLQJLVWKHPHFKDQLVPJHDUHGWRZDUGVWKHQHHGV
RIVHFWRUVDQGHQWHUSULVHV
7KHFKDQJHVLQWURGXFHGWRSDUWWLPHZRUNLQJZKLFKKDVORQJEHHQFXVWRPDU\DQGKLJKO\SRSXODULQ
1RUGLFFRXQWULHVDUHDOVRZRUWKUHFDOOLQJ
7KH LQQRYDWLRQV LQ SDUWWLPH HPSOR\PHQW ± HOLPLQDWLRQ RI WKH TXDQWLWDWLYH FULWHULRQ WKDW UHVWULFWHG
ZKDWFRXOGEHFRQVLGHUHGSDUWWLPHZRUN±DUHOLNHO\WRPDNHWKLVRSWLRQPRUHDWWUDFWLYHWRSHRSOHZKRDUH
FDUHUV RI FKLOGUHQ DQGRU HOGHUO\ SHRSOH EXW ZKR GR QRW ZDQW WR FRPSOHWHO\ ORVH WRXFK ZLWK WKH ZRUOG RI
ZRUN
7KLVJUHDWHUIOH[LELOLW\IDFLOLWDWHVQRWRQO\DGMXVWPHQWVWRVXLWFKDQJLQJFRUSRUDWHQHHGVEXWDOVRWKH
ZRUNOLIHEDODQFHIRUZRUNHUV
,Q UHODWLRQ WRWKH GXUDWLRQDQG RUJDQLVDWLRQRI ZRUNLQJ WLPH DQG ZLWK D YLHZ WR HQFRXUDJLQJ FKLOG
ELUWKIDPLO\SURWHFWLRQDQGIDFLOLWDWLQJWKHZRUNOLIHEDODQFHDQH[WUDGD\VLQLWLDOSDUHQWDOOHDYHKDVEHHQ
JUDQWHGRYHUDQGDERYHWKHUHVSHFWLYHH[FOXVLYHSHULRGLIERWKSDUHQWVWDNHSDUWRIWKDWOHDYHHQWLWOHPHQWDW
VHSDUDWHWLPHV
7+(52/(2)62&,$/3$571(56,1352027,1**(1'(5(48$/,7<$7:25.$%$/$1&(2),17(5(676
7+(32578*8(6(,1'8675,$/&21)('(5$7,21¶63(563(&7,9(
$OVRLQWKHUHDOPRISDUHQWDOOHDYHFRPSXOVRU\OHDYHIRUIDWKHUVKDVEHHQLQFUHDVHGIURPWRGD\V
DGRSWLYHSDUHQWVKDYHEHHQJUDQWHGWKHVDPHOHDYHHQWLWOHPHQWVDVELRORJLFDOSDUHQWVJUDQGSDUHQWVDUHQRZ
OHJDOO\UHFRJQLVHGDVVXEVWLWXWHFKLOGFDUHUVLQFDVHVRILOOQHVVRUDFFLGHQWWKUHHGD\VOHDYHKDVEHHQJUDQWHG
WRZRUNHUVEHLQJDVVHVVHGIRUDGRSWLRQSXUSRVHVVRWKH\PD\YLVLW6RFLDO6HFXULW\VHUYLFHVRUUHFHLYHVRFLDO
ZRUNHUVLQWKHLUKRPHVDQGZRUNHUVDFFRPSDQ\LQJZRUNLQJZRPHQWRSUHQDWDOPHGLFDODSSRLQWPHQWVDUH
QRZHQWLWOHGWRWKUHHGD\VOHDYH
+DYLQJVDLGWKDWKRZHYHUWKHUHVXOWVZHKRSHWRDFKLHYHWKURXJKWKHVHPHDVXUHVJUHDWO\GHSHQGRQ
DFFHVVLEOH DQG HIIHFWLYH VXSSRUWLQJ LQIUDVWUXFWXUHV DQG VRFLDO VHUYLFHV IRU IDPLOLHV EHLQJ LQ SODFH 7KLV LV
ZKHUHWKH6WDWHSOD\VDYLWDOUROHLQGHYHORSLQJLQIUDVWUXFWXUHVXSSRUWQHWZRUNVWKDWFDQSURYLGH
IXOOFRYHUDJHRIDOOQXUVHU\QHHGV
H[WHQGHGQXUVHU\KRXUVDWDFFHVVLEOHSULFHV
VXSSRUWIRUH[WUDFXUULFXODUDFWLYLWLHVDQGQRQVFKRROWLPHERWKDIWHUVFKRROKRXUVDQGGXULQJVFKRRO
KROLGD\VWKURXJKFRRUGLQDWHGDFWLRQE\WKH0LQLVWU\RI(GXFDWLRQVFKRROVXQLYHUVLWLHVDQGORFDODX
WKRULWLHV
6XLWDEOHWUDQVSRUWDWLRQWRVXSSRUWWKHVHDFWLYLWLHV
6XSSRUWIRUHGXFDWLRQDODVVLVWDQFHZLWKLQVFKRROV
2QWKHRWKHUKDQGLWLVHTXDOO\LPSRUWDQWWRSURPRWHDFXOWXUHRIVKDULQJUHVSRQVLELOLWLHVDQGWDVNVEHWZHHQ
PHQDQGZRPHQLQRUGHUWRHOLPLQDWHJHQGHUVWHUHRW\SLQJ7KLVVKRXOGVWDUWHDUO\LQVFKRROV
)URP WKH RXWOLQH JLYHQ KHUH RI GHYHORSPHQWV DW LQWHUQDWLRQDO (XURSHDQ DQG QDWLRQDO OHYHOV D FOHDU
SLFWXUHHPHUJHVRIWKHFHQWUDOUROHWKDWWKH,/2DQGLWVZRUNKDYHKDGLQDGYDQFLQJWKHSULQFLSOHRIJHQGHU
HTXDOLW\
The ILO's Work to Achieve Gender Equality
Helena Robert
Technical Adviser and Delegate to the ILC
Teresa Paccetti
Technical Adviser and Delegate to the ILC
Abstract | 7KLVDUWLFOHDGGUHVVHVWKHNH\LQWHUQDWLRQDOODERXUVWDQGDUGVWRSURPRWHJHQGHUHTXDOLW\DWZRUN
VLQFHWKHIRXQGLQJRIWKH,QWHUQDWLRQDO/DERXU2UJDQL]DWLRQLQDQGKLJKOLJKWVWKHSLRQHHULQJUROHRI
WKH,/2ZLWKLQWKH8QLWHG1DWLRQVV\VWHP,WUHIHUVWRWKHLPSRUWDQFHRIQRUPDWLYHDFWLRQRIWKH,/2WKH
LQVWUXPHQWVFUHDWHGLQRUGHUWRDQDOLVHWKHVLWXDWLRQRIWKHFRXQWULHVLQWHUPVRIFRPSOLDQFHDQGWKHWHFKQLFDO
DVVLVWDQFHJLYHQWR0HPEHU6WDWHV
BBBBBBBBBB
,/2$1'*(1'(5(48$/,7<,17+(:25/'2):25.6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRERRNOHWVQRSS
7+(,/2
6:25.72$&+,(9(*(1'(5(48$/,7<
6LQFHLWZDVIRXQGHGWKH,QWHUQDWLRQDO/DERXU2UJDQL]DWLRQ,/2KDVHPEUDFHGHTXDOULJKWVIRUDOOKXPDQ
EHLQJVDVDIXQGDPHQWDOSULQFLSOH7KHSULQFLSOHZDVHQVKULQHGLQWKH2UJDQL]DWLRQ¶V&RQVWLWXWLRQDGRSWHG
LQ DQG ODWHU UHDIILUPHG LQ WKH 'HFODUDWLRQ RI 3KLODGHOSKLD DGRSWHG DW WKH ,QWHUQDWLRQDO /DERXU
&RQIHUHQFHLQWKHVHWHUPV ³All human beings, irrespective of race, creed or sex, have the right to pursue
their material well-being and their spiritual development in conditions of freedom and dignity, of economic
security and equal opportunity´7KH&RQIHUHQFHDOVRUHFRJQLVHG³the solemn obligation of the International Labour Organization to further among the nations of the world programmes which will achieve …
the assurance of equality of educational and vocational opportunity” IRUDOOKXPDQEHLQJVLUUHVSHFWLYHRI
UDFHFUHHGRUVH[
,QWKHEHOLHIWKDWODVWLQJSHDFHFDQEHHVWDEOLVKHGRQO\LILWLVEDVHGRQVRFLDOMXVWLFHVLQFHWKHHQGRI
:RUOG:DU,,WKH,/2KDVPDGHHYHU\HIIRUWWRHPEHGWKHSULQFLSOHWKDWDOOKXPDQEHLQJVDUHHTXDOLQDOOLWV
GLIIHUHQWLQWHUYHQWLRQDUHDV
7KH2UJDQL]DWLRQKDVEDVHGDOOLWVDFWLYLWLHVRQWKLVIXQGDPHQWDOSULQFLSOHDQGKDVPDGHDQHQRUPRXV
FRQWULEXWLRQWRLWVDSSOLFDWLRQWKURXJKRXWWKHZRUOG
,/2PHPEHU6WDWHVPXVWHPEUDFHWKHSULQFLSOHXQUHVHUYHGO\DQGFRPPLWWRZRUNWRZDUGVHOLPLQDWLQJ
GLVFULPLQDWLRQDQGSURPRWLQJHTXDOLW\
7KHHOLPLQDWLRQRIJHQGHUSD\JDSVLVDNH\DVSHFWRISURPRWLQJJHQGHUHTXDOLW\RQWKHODERXUPDUNHW
7KHRULJLQDOWH[WRIWKH,/2¶V&RQVWLWXWLRQFRQVLGHUHGWKDW³the principle that men and women should receive
equal remuneration for work of equal value´ ZDV DPRQJ WKH SULQFLSOHV WKDW ZHUH RI “special and urgent
importance´
7KH3UHDPEOHWRWKHSUHVHQW&RQVWLWXWLRQDVDPHQGHGLQUHIHUVWRWKHXUJHQWQHHGWRLPSURYH
ZRUNLQJFRQGLWLRQVLQFOXGLQJE\WKHUHFRJQLWLRQDQGDSSOLFDWLRQRIWKHHTXDOSD\SULQFLSOH
7KHQRQGLVFULPLQDWLRQSULQFLSOHDQGSULQFLSOHRIHTXDOUHPXQHUDWLRQIRUZRUNRIHTXDOYDOXHDUHH[
SUHVVO\UHIHUUHGWRLQVHYHUDOLQVWUXPHQWVDGRSWHGE\WKH,QWHUQDWLRQDO/DERXU&RQIHUHQFH
,Q5HFRPPHQGDWLRQWKH Minimum Wage-Fixing Machinery Recommendation, 19283DUW%WKH
,/2&RQIHUHQFHFDOOHGWKHDWWHQWLRQRI*RYHUQPHQWVWR “the principle affirmed by Article 41 of the Constitution of the International Labour Organization that men and women should receive equal remuneration for
work of equal value.´
)XUWKHUPRUH 1XPEHU RI 5HFRPPHQGDWLRQ WKH Employment (Transition from War to Peace)
Recommendation, 1944VWDWHG
“(1) In order to place women on a basis of equality with men in the employment market, and thus to prevent
competition among the available workers prejudicial to the interests of both men and women workers, steps
should be taken to encourage the establishment of wage rates based on job content, without regard to sex.
(2) Investigations should be conducted, in co-operation with employers' and workers' organisations, for the
purpose of establishing precise and objective standards for determining job content, irrespective of the sex of
the worker, as a basis for determining wage rates.”
+RZHYHULWZDVRQO\ZLWKWKHDGRSWLRQRI&RQYHQWLRQWKHEqual Remuneration Convention, 19515HF
RPPHQGDWLRQ WKH Equal Remuneration Recommendation, 1951 &RQYHQWLRQ WKH Discrimination
(Employment and Occupation) Convention, 1958 DQG 5HFRPPHQGDWLRQ WKH Discrimination (Employment and Occupation Recommendation, 1958 WKDW WKH ,/2 EHJDQ JLYLQJ FRQFUHWH H[SUHVVLRQ WKURXJK LWV
+HOHQD5REHUW7HUHVD3DFFHWWL
QRUPDWLYH IUDPHZRUN WR LWV FRPPLWPHQW WR HOLPLQDWH DOO IRUPV RI GLVFULPLQDWLRQ LQ HPSOR\PHQW RQ DQ\
JURXQGVLQFOXGLQJJHQGHU
,QGLUHFWGLVFULPLQDWLRQVXFKDVGLVFULPLQDWLRQRQDFFRXQWRISUHJQDQF\RU IDPLO\UHVSRQVLELOLWLHVLV
DOVR LQWLPDWHO\ DVVRFLDWHG ZLWK JHQGHU GLVFULPLQDWLRQ ,Q DGGLWLRQ WR &RQYHQWLRQV DQG WKHUH DUH
RWKHUNH\&RQYHQWLRQVWKDWDGGUHVVWKLVW\SHRIGLVFULPLQDWLRQ&RQYHQWLRQWKHMaternity Protection Convention, 1919&RQYHQWLRQWKHMaternity Protection Convention (Revised), 1952,&RQYHQWLRQWKH
Maternity Protection Convention, 2000DQG&RQYHQWLRQWKHWorkers with Family Responsibilities Convention, 1981.
:KHUHDVLQLWVHDUO\\HDUVWKH2UJDQL]DWLRQIRFXVHGRQSURWHFWLQJZRPHQIURPVHYHUHDQGKD]DUGRXV
ODERXUFRQGLWLRQVDIWHUWKHDGRSWLRQRI&RQYHQWLRQVDQGWKHHPSKDVLVVKLIWHGWRSURPRWLRQRIJHQ
GHUHTXDOLW\
7KH ,QWHUQDWLRQDO /DERXU &RQIHUHQFH DGRSWHG WKH Declaration on Equality of Opportunity and
Treatment for Women WorkersDVZHOODVWKHResolution Concerning a Plan of Action with a View to Promoting Equality of Opportunity and Treatment for Women Workers7KH,/2KDVXSGDWHGLWV3ODQVRI$FWLRQ
LQWKLVDUHDRYHUWKH\HDUV
7HQ \HDUV ODWHU DQGIROORZLQJ GLVFXVVLRQDQG HYDOXDWLRQ RI WKH SURJUHVV DFKLHYHG DQG SUREOHPV HQ
FRXQWHUHG ZLWK UHJDUG WR WKH VLWXDWLRQ RI ZRPHQ ZRUNHUV VLQFH WKH DGRSWLRQ RI WKH 'HFODUDWLRQ WKH
&RQIHUHQFHDGRSWHGWKHResolution on Equal Opportunities and Equal Treatment for Men and Women
in Employment,WUHIHUUHGWRWKHQHHGIRUPHDVXUHVWREHWDNHQ³to review all protective legislation applying
to women in the light of up-to-date scientific knowledge and technological changes and to revise, extend,
retain, or repeal such legislation according to national circumstances, these measures being aimed at the
improvement of the quality of life and at promoting equality in employment between men and women´
2QHRIWKHUHFRPPHQGHGPHDVXUHVOHGWRWKHUHYLHZRI,/2VWDQGDUGVRQQLJKWZRUNRIZRPHQZKHQ
WKH,QWHUQDWLRQDO/DERXU&RQIHUHQFHDGRSWHGWKHProtocol of 1990 to the Night Work (Women) Convention (Revised), 19487KH3URWRFROLQWURGXFHGYDULDWLRQVLQWKHGXUDWLRQRIWKHQLJKWSHULRGDQGH[HPSWLRQV
IURPWKHSURKLELWLRQRIQLJKWZRUNIRUZRPHQLQLQGXVWU\7KH&RQIHUHQFHDOVRDGRSWHG&RQYHQWLRQWKH
Night Work Convention, 1990, DQG 5HFRPPHQGDWLRQ WKH Night Work Recommendation, 1990 ZKLFK
SURWHFWPHQDQGZRPHQZRUNLQJDWQLJKWDQGLQFOXGHVSHFLDOPHDVXUHVIRUZRPHQZKRDUHSUHJQDQWRUKDYH
UHFHQWO\JLYHQELUWK
7KH ,QWHUQDWLRQDO /DERXU &RQIHUHQFH DGRSWHG DQRWKHU 5HVROXWLRQ RQ ,/2 HIIRUWV LQ IDYRXU RI
ZRPHQZRUNHUVIROORZLQJZKLFKPRVWRIWKH,QWHUQDWLRQDO/DERXU2IILFH¶VSURJUDPPHVLQFRUSRUDWHGDFWLYL
WLHVWKDWDLPHGWRLPSURYHWKHVLWXDWLRQRIZRPHQZRUNHUV
*UHDWHUUHFRJQLWLRQWKDWJHQGHUHTXDOLW\LVQRWRQO\DPDWWHURIVRFLDOMXVWLFHEXWFDQDOVREHMXVWLILHG
RQJURXQGVRIHFRQRPLFHIILFLHQF\OHGWRIUHTXHQWDQGLQWHQVHGLVFXVVLRQDURXQGJHQGHUHTXDOLW\ZLWKLQWKH
2UJDQL]DWLRQ,QWKLVUHVSHFWWKH,/2KDVSOD\HGDSLRQHHULQJUROHDPRQJVW81LQVWLWXWLRQV
&RQYHQWLRQVDQGLQDGGLWLRQWRWKH&RQYHQWLRQVRQ)UHHGRPRI$VVRFLDWLRQDQG3URWHFWLRQRI
WKH5LJKWWR2UJDQLVH5LJKWWR2UJDQLVHDQG&ROOHFWLYH%DUJDLQLQJ$EROLWLRQRI)RUFHG/DERXUDQG(OLPL
QDWLRQRIWKH:RUVW)RUPVRI&KLOG/DERXUDUHDPRQJZKDWDUHFRQVLGHUHGWREHWKH2UJDQL]DWLRQ¶VIXQGD
PHQWDOFRQYHQWLRQV
7KHDeclaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work, 1998,JUHDWO\FRQWULEXWHGWRWKHUDWL
ILFDWLRQRIWKHIXQGDPHQWDOFRQYHQWLRQVLQVRIDUDVLWSURYLGHVWKDWDOO6WDWHVFKRRVLQJQRWWRUDWLI\WKH&RQ
YHQWLRQVLQTXHVWLRQDUHUHTXLUHGWRVXEPLWDQQXDOUHSRUWVRQWKHLUOHJLVODWLRQDQGSUDFWLFHVFRQFHUQLQJIXQ
GDPHQWDOSULQFLSOHVDQGULJKWVDWZRUN)XUWKHUPRUHWKH'HFODUDWLRQVWDWHVWKDW“…all Members, even if they
have not ratified the Conventions in question, have an obligation arising from the very fact of membership in
the Organization, to respect, to promote and to realize, in good faith and in accordance with the Constitution, the principles concerning the fundamental rights which are the subject of those Conventions, namely:
… the elimination namely of discrimination in respect of employment and occupation.”
7RGDWH&RQYHQWLRQKDVEHHQUDWLILHGE\PHPEHU6WDWHVDQG&RQYHQWLRQKDVEHHQUDWLILHG
E\PHPEHU6WDWHV2QO\,/2PHPEHU6WDWHVKDYHIDLOHGWRUDWLI\&RQYHQWLRQDQGKDYHQRW
UDWLILHG&RQYHQWLRQ7KHVHWZRFRQYHQWLRQVDUHWKHLQVWUXPHQWVWKDWKDYHEHHQJLYHQPRVWHQGRUVHPHQW
E\WKH,/2¶VPHPEHUVKLS7KHKLJKUDWHRIUDWLILFDWLRQUHIOHFWVWKHDOPRVWXQLYHUVDODFFHSWDQFHRIWKHSULQ
FLSOHVRIHTXDOLW\LQHPSOR\PHQWDQGRFFXSDWLRQDQGHTXDOUHPXQHUDWLRQIRUZRUNRIHTXDOYDOXH
7+(,/2
6:25.72$&+,(9(*(1'(5(48$/,7<
7KHFRPSUHKHQVLYHDSSURDFKWRJHQGHUHTXDOLW\LVDOVRDQLQWHJUDOSDUWRIWKH'HFHQW:RUN$JHQGD
DGRSWHGE\WKH,QWHUQDWLRQDO/DERXU&RQIHUHQFHIROORZLQJWKHDeclaration on Fundamental Principles
and Rights at Work, 19987KHRYHUDUFKLQJJRDORIWKH'HFHQW:RUN$JHQGDLVWRLPSURYHWKHTXDOLW\RIOLIH
RIDOOZRUNHUVDWQDWLRQDODQGORFDOOHYHOV
,PSOHPHQWLQJ WKH $JHQGD FDOOV IRU FRRUGLQDWHG DQG LQWHJUDWHG GHYHORSPHQW RI VWUDWHJLF DQG LQVWLWX
WLRQDODFWLYLWLHVFRYHULQJWKHVWUDWHJLFREMHFWLYHVRIWKH,/2LHHPSOR\PHQWVRFLDOSURWHFWLRQVRFLDOGLD
ORJXH DQG WULSDUWLVP DV ZHOO DV WKH IXQGDPHQWDO SULQFLSOHV DQG ULJKWV LPSOHPHQWHG WKURXJK LQWHUQDWLRQDO
ODERXUVWDQGDUGV7KHTXHVWLRQRIJHQGHUHTXDOLW\PXVWEHFRQVLGHUHGFRPPRQWRDOOWKHVHREMHFWLYHV
,QWKH&RQIHUHQFHDGRSWHGWKHDeclaration on Social Justice for a Fair Globalization7KH'HF
ODUDWLRQUHDIILUPV,/2YDOXHVVWDWLQJWKDW³In the context of accelerating change, the commitments and efforts of Members and the Organization to implement the ILO’s constitutional mandate, including through
international labour standards, and to place full and productive employment and decent work at the centre
of economic and social policies, should be based on the four equally important strategic objectives of the
ILO, through which the Decent Work Agenda is expressed …”
7KH 'HFODUDWLRQ DOVR HVWDEOLVKHV WKDW JHQGHU HTXDOLW\ DQG QRQGLVFULPLQDWLRQ PXVW EH FRQVLGHUHG
FURVVFXWWLQJLVVXHVLQWKHIRXUVWUDWHJLFREMHFWLYHV
$5HVROXWLRQZDVDGRSWHGDWWKH,QWHUQDWLRQDO/DERXU&RQIHUHQFHIROORZLQJGLVFXVVLRQRIWKH
DJHQGDLWHPGender Equality at the Heart of Decent Work,WFDOOHGRQWKH,/2WRFRQVROLGDWHLWVSROLFLHV
DQGZRUNSURJUDPPHRQSURPRWLQJJHQGHUHTXDOLW\DWWKHKHDUWRIGHFHQWZRUNLQRUGHUWRGULYHIRUZDUGWKH
LPSOHPHQWDWLRQRIWKHDeclaration on Social Justice for a Fair Globalization
$FFHSWDQFHRIJHQGHUHTXDOLW\DQGQRQGLVFULPLQDWLRQSULQFLSOHVLVQRWDOZD\VIROORZHGE\HIIHFWLYH
DSSOLFDWLRQRIWKHUHVSHFWLYHNH\FRQYHQWLRQVE\WKH6WDWHVWKDWKDYHUDWLILHGWKHP
7KH ZRUN RI WKH ,/2¶V VXSHUYLVRU\ ERGLHV LQ HQVXULQJ WKH DSSOLFDWLRQ RI VWDQGDUGV KDV EHHQ YLWDO
7KHVHERGLHV±WKH&RPPLWWHHRI([SHUWVRQWKH$SSOLFDWLRQRI&RQYHQWLRQVDQG5HFRPPHQGDWLRQVDQGWKH
&RQIHUHQFH&RPPLWWHHRQWKH$SSOLFDWLRQRI6WDQGDUGV ±SURYLGHDQLPSDUWLDODQGWHFKQLFDOHYDOXDWLRQRI
WKHVWDWHRIDSSOLFDWLRQRIWKHVWDQGDUGVLQHDFKFRXQWU\LQDGGLWLRQWRDGYLFHDQGJXLGDQFHRQWKHFRPSOL
DQFHRIGRPHVWLFOHJLVODWLRQDQGSUDFWLFHVZLWKWKHSURYLVLRQVRI,/2LQWHUQDWLRQDOODERXUVWDQGDUGV
)RU WKH ([SHUWV &RPPLWWHH DGYDQFLQJ WKH HTXDOLW\ SULQFLSOH LV QRWUHVWULFWHG WR HOLPLQDWLQJ JHQGHU
ELDVHGGRPHVWLFOHJLVODWLRQDQGSROLFLHV,WDOVRPHDQVHQVXULQJWKDWWKHUHLVJHQXLQHHTXDOLW\EHWZHHQWKH
VH[HV LQFOXGLQJ HTXDO RSSRUWXQLWLHV LQ HPSOR\PHQW IRU PHQ DQG ZRPHQ 7KH &RPPLWWHH FRQVLGHUV WKDW
JHQGHUELDVDWZRUNLVRQO\DGPLVVLEOHLQH[FHSWLRQDOFLUFXPVWDQFHVDQGZKHQLWVHUYHVWR HQKDQFHVRFLDO
HTXDOLW\EHWZHHQPHQDQGZRPHQDQGHOLPLQDWHSUHYLRXVGLVFULPLQDWRU\SUDFWLFHVRULVMXVWLILHGE\SK\VLFDO
RUELRORJLFDOIDFWRUVVXFKDVPDWHUQLW\
7KH REVHUYDWLRQV DQG UHFRPPHQGDWLRQV RI WKH VXSHUYLVRU\ ERGLHV DORQH ZRXOG QRW EH DV HIIHFWLYH
ZLWKRXWWKHWHFKQLFDODVVLVWDQFHWKDWWKH,/2SURYLGHVWRPHPEHU6WDWHV7HFKQLFDODVVLVWDQFHKDVLQFOXGHG
VXSSRUWLQDUHDVVXFKDVOHJLVODWLRQUHVHDUFKWHFKQLFDOJXLGHVSUDFWLFDOWRROVWUDLQLQJZRUNVKRSVDQGSUR
PRWLQJVRFLDOGLDORJXHRQHTXDOLW\LVVXHV
,WVKRXOGEHHPSKDVLVHGWKDWWKH,QWHUQDWLRQDO/DERXU2IILFH¶VDFWLRQRQJHQGHUHTXDOLW\LVQRZILUPO\
DQFKRUHGLQWKH2IILFH¶V3ODQRI$FWLRQIRU*HQGHU(TXDOLW\IRUZKLFKKLJKOLJKWVJHQGHUHTXDOLW\
DVDFURVVFXWWLQJLVVXHLQDOOWKH,/2¶VIRXUVWUDWHJLFREMHFWLYHV
7KH ,QWHUQDWLRQDO /DERXU 2UJDQL]DWLRQ ZLOO QRW FHDVH WR LQFRUSRUDWH PHDVXUHV WKDW SURPRWH JHQGHU
HTXDOLW\ DQGQRQGLVFULPLQDWLRQLQHPSOR\PHQWDQGRFFXSDWLRQLQDOOWKHGLIIHUHQW VSKHUHVRILWV DFWLYLWLHV
XQWLOHYHU\RQHRILWVPHPEHUVKDVIXOO\DFKLHYHGWKHVHJRDOV
ILO – 90 Years Fighting for Equality at Work
João Proença
General Secretary of UGT (UGT – União Geral de Trabalhadores/General Union of Workers)
“Promoting gender equality is not only the right thing to do. It is also the smart
thing to do” (-XDQ6RPDYLD'LUHFWRU*HQHUDORIWKH,/2
Abstract | 7KH,/2KDVDOZD\VSURPRWHGDQGGHIHQGHGJHQGHUHTXDOLW\DWZRUNDVRQHRILWVFRUHLVVXHV
ZKLFKWKURXJKRXWWKH2UJDQL]DWLRQ¶VKLVWRU\KDVEHHQDFRQVWDQWDWDOOWLPHVDQGLQDOOLWVIXQGDPHQWDOGRFX
PHQWV
1RW RQO\ KDV WKH ,/2 FORVHO\ IROORZHG GHYHORSPHQWV LQ DSSURDFKHV WR JHQGHU HTXDOLW\ LW KDV DOVR RIWHQ
EURXJKW DERXW GHYHORSPHQWV E\ VKDSLQJ ELSDUWLWH DQG WULSDUWLWH VRFLDO GLDORJXH DQG GRPHVWLF DQG LQWHUQD
WLRQDOSROLFLHV,WKDVEHHQGRQHDWGLIIHUHQWOHYHOVWDNLQJDFWLRQIURPSURPRWLQJGLVFXVVLRQDQGDGRSWLQJ
IXQGDPHQWDO ODERXUVWDQGDUGV WR SURYLGLQJ WHFKQLFDO VXSSRUW WR LWV DFWRUV ± JRYHUQPHQWV WUDGH XQLRQV DQG
HPSOR\HUV
,QDJOREDOZRUOGZKHUHWKHVRFLDOGLPHQVLRQKDVORVWPXFKRILWVLQIOXHQFHDQGZKHUHODERXUPDUNHWGHUHJX
ODWLRQKDVKDGVXFKDQHJDWLYHLPSDFWRQPLOOLRQVRIZRUNHUVWKHIDFWWKDWWKHFRQVHTXHQFHVIRUZRPHQDUH
GLIIHUHQWDQGKDUVKHUFDQQRWEHLJQRUHG
,WLVLPSRUWDQWWKHUHIRUHQRWRQO\WRUHLQIRUFH,/2¶VUROHRQWKLVLVVXHEXWDOVRWRUHWKLQNLWVDFWLRQJLYHQ
WKHIDFWWKDWEHLQJWKHRQO\WULSDUWLWHDJHQF\LQWKH8QLWHG1DWLRQV¶V\VWHPJLYHVLWDGGLWLRQDOOHJLWLPDF\DQG
FRQVLGHULQJ WKH YLWDO SDUW LW SOD\V LQ FRRUGLQDWLQJ WKH YDULRXV LQVWUXPHQWV GHVLJQHG WR DFKLHYH D FRPPRQ
JRDOJHQXLQHHTXDOLW\EHWZHHQPHQDQGZRPHQ
BBBBBBBBBB
,/2$1'*(1'(5(48$/,7<,17+(:25/'2):25.6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRERRNOHWVQRSS
,/2±<($56),*+7,1*)25(48$/,7<$7:25.
*HQGHU(TXDOLW\LVVXHVKDYHEHHQFHQWUDOLQ,/2¶VZRUNVLQFHLWVIRXQGLQJLQ,WKDVEHHQFRQVLVWHQWO\
UHFRJQLVHGWKDWJHQGHULQHTXDOLWLHVDUHPRVWLQWHQVHO\H[SHULHQFHGDWZRUNSODFHVWKURXJKRXWWKHZRUOG
*HQGHU(TXDOLW\FRQFHUQVDUHZHOOUHSUHVHQWHGLQWKH,/2¶V&RQVWLWXWLRQZKLFKDIILUPVWKDWLWLVWKH
2UJDQL]DWLRQ¶VVROHPQREOLJDWLRQWR³WKHDVVXUDQFHRIHTXDOLW\RIHGXFDWLRQDODQGYRFDWLRQDORSSRUWXQLWLHV´
IRUDOO$OWKRXJKVWLOOLQHPEU\RQLFIRUPDWWKDWWLPHWKLVDLPZDVWRJXLGH,/2¶VZRUNWKURXJKRXWLWVKLV
WRU\
-XVWDVLQ WKH FDVH RI RWKHU ODERXUUHODWHGLVVXHVWKHWK &HQWXU\ ZLWQHVVHG GLIIHUHQWDSSURDFKHVWR
HTXDOLW\HVSHFLDOO\JHQGHUHTXDOLW\LQIOXHQFLQJSHUVSHFWLYHVDFWLRQDQGDLPVDVZRPHQ¶VUROHDQGVWDWXV
HYROYHG
From a Protectionist Vision to Gender Equality
)URPWKHHDUO\GD\VRIWKH ,/2WRWKH'HFODUDWLRQRI3KLODGHOSKLDWKHSULPDU\ JRDOZDVWRVHFXUHJUHDWHU
SURWHFWLRQIRUZRPHQZRUNHUV
,/2 &RQYHQWLRQV DLPHG WR HVWDEOLVK PLQLPXP VWDQGDUGV IRU ZRUN HJ ZRUNLQJ WLPH DQG RFFXSD
WLRQDOKHDOWKDQGVDIHW\DVZHOODVWKHSURWHFWLRQLQFDVHRIXQHPSOR\PHQW
&RQYHQWLRQV RQ PDWHUQLW\ SURWHFWLRQ DQG ZRPHQ¶V QLJKW ZRUN GDWH EDFN WR WKH \HDU WKH ,/2 ZDV
IRXQGHG7KHSULQFLSOHRIHTXDOSD\IRUZRUNRIHTXDOYDOXHZDVDOVRLQVWLWXWHGGXULQJWKLVSHULRGDQG0HP
EHU6WDWHVZHUHHQFRXUDJHGWRLQFOXGHZRPHQLQODERXULQVSHFWLRQVHUYLFHV
7KLVLVVHHQDVDSURWHFWLRQLVWSHULRGZKHQPLQLPXPULJKWVZHUHHVWDEOLVKHGDQGGHIHQGLQJWKHFRQGL
WLRQRIZRPHQLQDFFRUGDQFHWRWKHLUGLVWLQFWLYHQDWXUHWRRNSUHFHGHQFH7KLVDSSURDFKZDVJUDGXDOO\RYHU
WDNHQE\WKHSRVLWLRQWKDWDGYRFDWHGHTXDORSSRUWXQLWLHVDQGULJKWVZLWKHPSKDVLVRQIXQFWLRQDOSURJUHVVLRQ
7KHODWWHUSRVLWLRQSUHYDLOHGZLWKLQ,/2DQGOHGWRDQHZDSSURDFKWRHTXDOLW\LVVXHVUHIOHFWHGLQWKH
'HFODUDWLRQRI3KLODGHOSKLDRIWKDWSURFODLPHG“all human beings, irrespective of race, creed or sex,
have the right to pursue their material well-being and spiritual development in conditions of freedom and
dignity, of economic security and equal opportunity”
:LWKLQWKLVIUDPHZRUNDQHZVHULHVRIUHJXODWRU\LQVWUXPHQWVZHUHFUHDWHGVXFKDV&RQYHQWLRQ
WKH(TXDO5HPXQHUDWLRQ&RQYHQWLRQDGRSWHGLQZKLFKHVWDEOLVKHGWKHSULQFLSOHRIHTXDOUHPXQHUDWLRQ
IRUPHQDQG ZRPHQIRUZRUNRIHTXDOYDOXHDQGLVFRQVLGHUHGDPDMRUPLOHVWRQHLQWKHKLVWRU\RIHTXDO
RSSRUWXQLWLHV&RQYHQWLRQWKH 'LVFULPLQDWLRQ(PSOR\PHQWDQG2FFXSDWLRQ&RQYHQWLRQDGRSWHGLQ
LGHQWLILHGRWKHUGLVFULPLQDWRU\IDFWRUVEHVLGHVJHQGHUUHODWHGGLVSDULWLHV
&RQYHQWLRQHVWDEOLVKHVWKHFRQFHSWRIGLVFULPLQDWLRQDWZRUNDVLWZDVUHFRJQLVHGWKDWEURDGHU
SURWHFWLRQ DJDLQVW GLVFULPLQDWLRQ DW ZRUN ZDV QHFHVVDU\ WR SURPRWH HTXDO RSSRUWXQLWLHV ³Any distinction,
exclusion or preference made on the basis of race, colour, sex, religion, political opinion, national extraction
or social origin, which has the effect of nullifying or impairing equality of opportunity or treatment in employment or occupation”
,Q WKH V D SHULRG WKDW ZLWQHVVHG WKH FHOHEUDWLRQ RI WKH ,QWHUQDWLRQDO :RPHQ¶V <HDU WKH ILUVW
8QLWHG 1DWLRQV :RUOG &RQIHUHQFH RQ :RPHQ 0H[LFR DQG WKH VWDUW RI WKH 8QLWHG 1DWLRQV 'HFDGH IRU
:RPHQ VHYHUDO 5HVROXWLRQV RQ ZRPHQ ZRUNHUV LQ D FKDQJLQJ ZRUOG ZHUH DGRSWHG LQFOXGLQJ FRQFHUQLQJ
ZRPHQ¶VHFRQRPLFDQGVRFLDOSURPRWLRQLQGHYHORSLQJFRXQWULHVRUZRPHQ¶VSD\LQWKHWH[WLOHLQGXVWU\
-RmR3URHQoD
$QRWKHU WXUQLQJ SRLQW LQ ,/2¶V KLVWRU\ RFFXUUHG LQ ZLWK WKH DGRSWLRQ RI &RQYHQWLRQ WKH
:RUNHUVZLWK )DPLO\5HVSRQVLELOLWLHV&RQYHQWLRQZKLFK UHFRJQLVHGWKDWIDPLO\UHVSRQVLELOLWLHVVKRXOGEH
VKDUHG EHWZHHQ PHQ DQG ZRPHQ 7KLV QHZ SHUVSHFWLYH DLPHG WR XQGHUSLQ WKH ULJKWV RI PHQ DQG ZRPHQ
ZRUNHUVZLWKIDPLO\UHVSRQVLELOLWLHVZKHQHYHUVXFKUHVSRQVLELOLWLHVUHVWULFWHGWKHLURSSRUWXQLWLHVDWZRUN
Gender Equality – A Fundamental Requirement
2QHFDQQRWGLVFXVV,/2¶VUROHFRQFHUQLQJHTXDORSSRUWXQLWLHVZLWKRXWUHIHUULQJWKHPDMRULPSDFWRILWV
'HFODUDWLRQRQ)XQGDPHQWDO3ULQFLSOHVDQG5LJKWVDW:RUN
7KLVLQVWUXPHQWZDVYHU\GLIIHUHQWIURPSUHYLRXVO\DGRSWHGDQGRUDSSURYHGRQHVE\,/2LQVRIDUDV
LWLGHQWLILHGHLJKWFRQYHQWLRQVDV³IXQGDPHQWDO´LQIRXUPDLQDUHDVWKHDEROLWLRQRIFKLOGODERXUWKHHOLPL
QDWLRQRIDOOIRUPVRIIRUFHGRUFRPSXOVRU\ODERXUWKHHOLPLQDWLRQRIGLVFULPLQDWLRQUHJDUGLQJHPSOR\PHQW
DQGRFFXSDWLRQDQGIUHHGRPRIDVVRFLDWLRQ
7KHHLJKWIXQGDPHQWDOFRQYHQWLRQVUHIHUUHGWRLQWKH'HFODUDWLRQLQFOXGH&RQYHQWLRQVDQG
ZKLFKHVWDEOLVKWKHHVVHQWLDOIUDPHZRUNRIHTXDORSSRUWXQLWLHVLQWKHODERXUZRUOG7KHVHWZR&RQYHQWLRQV
KDYHWKHKLJKHVWQXPEHURIUDWLILFDWLRQVWRGDWH&RQYHQWLRQ±UDWLILFDWLRQV&RQYHQWLRQ±
UDWLILFDWLRQVZKLFKLVDQLQGLFDWRURIMXVWKRZJUHDWWKHLPSDFWRI,/2¶VDFWLRQLVDQLPSDFWWKH,/2¶VDF
WLRQKDVKDGDWQDWLRQDOOHYHO%\LQFOXGLQJWKHPLQWKHOLVWRI)XQGDPHQWDO&RQYHQWLRQVWKH'HFODUD
WLRQUHDIILUPHGWKHSDUDPRXQWLPSRUWDQFHRIHTXDOLW\LVVXHV
7KLV'HFODUDWLRQHVWDEOLVKHGWKDW³all Member States … have an obligation … to promote and realize,
in good faith and in accordance with the Constitution, the principles concerning the fundamental rights
which are the subject of those ConventionV«´$OOFRXQWULHVZHUHFRPPLWWHGWRUHVSHFWWKHVHSULQFLSOHVDQG
ULJKWVE\YLUWXHRIWKHLU,/2PHPEHUVKLSLUUHVSHFWLYHRIZKHWKHUWKH\KDYHUDWLILHGWKHFRQFHUQHGVWDQGDUGV
7KHUHIRUHFRPSOLDQFHZLWKWKHIUDPHZRUNIRUSURWHFWLQJ(TXDO2SSRUWXQLWLHVDQG*HQGHU(TXDOLW\LQ
HPSOR\PHQWEHFDPHDSUHUHTXLVLWHIRU,/2¶VPHPEHUVKLSDVZHOODVIRUWKHPDLQWHQDQFHRIWKLVTXDOLW\
The ILO in the New Millennium
7KH,/2VDZWKHFKDOOHQJHVSRVHGE\JOREDOLVDWLRQQRWRQO\DVDFDOOIRUDFWLRQEXWDOVRDVDZDUQLQJWRWKH
XUJHQWQHHGWRUHDIILUPWKHYDOXHVDQGSULQFLSOHVRQZKLFKWKH2UJDQL]DWLRQKDGEHHQIRXQGHG
*OREDOLVDWLRQKDGUHOHJDWHGWKHVRFLDOGLPHQVLRQWRDQXQVXVWDLQDEOHVHFRQGDU\SODFHDQGKDGOHGWR
WKHGHUHJXODWLRQRIODERXUPDUNHWVSURIRXQGO\LPSDFWLQJRQWKHOLYHVRIPLOOLRQVRIZRUNHUVERWKPHQDQG
ZRPHQ$GGUHVVLQJWKHVHFKDOOHQJHVFDOOHGIRUDPRUHDFWLYHLQWHUYHQWLRQE\WKH,/2
7KHQHHGIRULPSURYHGDQGIDLUHURXWFRPHVIRUDOOJDYHULVHLQWRWKHGHYHORSPHQWRIWKHFRQ
FHSWRIGHFHQWZRUNDQGRIWKH'HFHQW:RUN$JHQGDZKLFKZDVLQWHQGHGWRUHVSRQGWRWKHQHHGIRUJOREDO
LVDWLRQ¶VUHJXODWLRQ
7KHQHZFRQFHSWRIGHFHQWZRUNHQFRPSDVVLQJSHRSOH¶VDVSLUDWLRQVLQWKHLUZRUNLQJOLYHVLQFOXGHG
YDULRXV DVSHFWV WKH RSSRUWXQLW\ WR HQMR\ IXOO DQG SURGXFWLYH HPSOR\PHQW GHOLYHULQJ D IDLU LQFRPH VRFLDO
SURWHFWLRQIRUIDPLOLHVVRFLDOGLDORJXHDQGQDWXUDOO\HTXDOLW\RIRSSRUWXQLW\DQGWUHDWPHQWIRUDOOZRPHQ
DQGPHQ
7KH,/2'HFODUDWLRQRQ6RFLDO-XVWLFHIRUD)DLU*OREDOL]DWLRQLQVWLWXWLRQDOLVHGWKHGHFHQWZRUNFRQ
FHSWSODFLQJLWDWWKHFRUHRIWKH2UJDQLVDWLRQ¶VSROLFLHVDVDZD\WRDFKLHYHLWVFRQVWLWXWLRQDOREMHFWLYHV
7KH'HFODUDWLRQUHIHUVWRIRXULQVHSDUDEOHDQGLQWHUUHODWHGVWUDWHJLFJRDOVSURPRWLQJHPSOR\PHQWE\
FUHDWLQJDVXVWDLQDEOHLQVWLWXWLRQDODQGHFRQRPLFHQYLURQPHQWGHYHORSLQJDQGHQKDQFLQJVRFLDOSURWHFWLRQ
PHDVXUHVWKDWDUHVXVWDLQDEOHDQGDGDSWHGWRQDWLRQDOFLUFXPVWDQFHVSURPRWLQJVRFLDOGLDORJXHDQGWULSDU
WLVPDQGUHVSHFWLQJSURPRWLQJDQGHQIRUFLQJWKHIXQGDPHQWDO/DERXU6WDQGDUGVDQGULJKWVDWZRUN
7KH'HFODUDWLRQZDVWKHRXWFRPHRIWULSDUWLWHFRQVXOWDWLRQVWKDWVWDUWHGLQWKHZDNHRIWKH5HSRUWRI
WKH:RUOG&RPPLVVLRQRQWKH6RFLDO'LPHQVLRQRI*OREDOL]DWLRQ%\DGRSWLQJWKLVWH[WWKHJRYHUQPHQWV¶
UHSUHVHQWDWLYHV HPSOR\HUV¶ DQG ZRUNHUV¶ RUJDQLVDWLRQV IURP PHPEHU 6WDWHV FRPPLWWHG WR ZRUNLQJ WR
DFKLHYHSURJUHVVDQGVRFLDOMXVWLFHLQWKHFRQWH[WRIJOREDOLVDWLRQ
,/2±<($56),*+7,1*)25(48$/,7<$7:25.
*HQGHUHTXDOLW\DQGQRQGLVFULPLQDWLRQZHUHUHDIILUPHGLQWKH'HFODUDWLRQDV³cross-cutting issues in
the abovementioned strategic objectives´DQG,/2 PHPEHUVZRXOGQHHGWRDGGUHVVWKHPLQWKHLUSROLFLHV
&OHDUO\WKHUHZHUHQRVLJQLILFDQWFKDQJHVUHJDUGLQJ,/2¶VJRDOVDQGSULRULWLHVIRUWKHQHZ0LOOHQQLXPEXW
LWZDVUDWKHUJLYHQPRUHHPSKDVLVRQWKHQHHGWRGHILQHREMHFWLYHVWRUHDIILUPSULRULWLHVDQGWRNHHSHTXDO
LW\RQWKHDJHQGD
7KLVLVFOHDUO\UHIOHFWHGE\WKHIDFWWKDWFRQFHUQLQJWKHUHSRUWVZULWWHQZLWKLQWKHIUDPHZRUNRIWKH
,/2¶V'HFODUDWLRQRQ)XQGDPHQWDO3ULQFLSOHVDQG5LJKWVDW:RUNZKHUHE\HYHU\IRXU\HDUVRQHRIWKHIRXU
SULQFLSOHV LV UHYLHZHG LQ WKH *OREDO 5HSRUW VXEPLWWHG E\ WKH 'LUHFWRU*HQHUDO HTXDOLW\ DQG QRQ
GLVFULPLQDWLRQKDYH DOUHDG\ EHHQ WKH VXEMHFW RI WZR5HSRUWV 7LPH IRU (TXDOLW\ DW:RUN DQG (TXDOLW\DW:RUN7DFNOLQJWKH&KDOOHQJHV
:LWKWKHDGRSWLRQRIWKH5HSRUWDQG&RQFOXVLRQVRQ*HQGHU(TXDOLW\DWWKH+HDUWRI'HFHQW:RUNDW
WKH,QWHUQDWLRQDO/DERXU&RQIHUHQFHJHQGHUHTXDOLW\LQWKHODERXUDQGHFRQRPLFPDUNHWVHTXDOUHPX
QHUDWLRQIRUZRUNRIHTXDOYDOXHSDUWLFLSDWLRQRIZRPHQLQOHDGHUVKLSSRVLWLRQVDQGZRUNOLIHEDODQFHRQFH
DJDLQ EHFDPH SURPLQHQWLVVXHV RQ WKH ,/2¶V DJHQGD WR EH DGRSWHGRU PDLQVWUHDPHG RQ QDWLRQDO DJHQGDV
PDLQO\LQDFULVLVFRQWH[WZLWKGLIIHUHQWHIIHFWVRQPHQDQGZRPHQ
ILO and Gender Equality – What Next?
,/2¶V ZRUN KDV DOZD\V EHHQ D UHIHUHQFHIUDPHZRUN IRU JRYHUQPHQWV WUDGH XQLRQV DQGHPSOR\HUV ,/2¶V
YDOXHVSULQFLSOHV DQGVWDQGDUGVLQIOXHQFHDQGVHWWKHWRQHIRUELSDUWLWHGLDORJXHHVSHFLDOO\FROOHFWLYHEDU
JDLQLQJDQGIRUWULSDUWLWHGLDORJXHSHUYDGLQJQDWLRQDO(XURSHDQ8QLRQDQGZRUOGSROLFLHV
*HQGHU(TXDOLW\LVVXHVZRXOGQRWEHDVWUDQVYHUVDODQGGHHSURRWHGDVWKH\DUHWRGD\LQPDQ\FRXQ
WULHVLQFOXGLQJ3RUWXJDOZLWKRXW,/2¶VZRUN
3HUVSHFWLYHVDQGDSSURDFKHVPD\KDYHFKDQJHGEXWWKHXOWLPDWHJRDORIHQVXULQJUHDODQGHIIHFWLYH
HTXDO RSSRUWXQLWLHV IRU DOO KXPDQ EHLQJV DQG VSHFLILFDOO\ EHWZHHQ PHQ DQG ZRPHQ KDV EHHQ FRQVWDQW
WKURXJKRXWWKH2UJDQLVDWLRQ¶VKLVWRU\DQGNHHSVJDLQLQJLQFUHDVLQJVWUHQJWK
7KH FRQWLQXDO UHDIILUPDWLRQ RI WKH IXQGDPHQWDO SULQFLSOHV WKDW VKRXOG GULYH JRYHUQPHQWV¶ WUDGH XQ
LRQV¶DQGHPSOR\HUV¶SROLFLHVDQGDFWLRQVRQJHQGHUHTXDOLW\LVVXHVSURYHVWKDWUHLQIRUFHPHQW)XUWKHULQGL
FDWLRQVLQFOXGHWKHLPSOHPHQWDWLRQRIFRPSOLDQFHPRQLWRULQJPHFKDQLVPVIRULQWHUQDWLRQDOODERXUVWDQGDUGV
WKH GHYHORSPHQW RI QHZ UHJXODWRU\ LQVWUXPHQWV WKDW GLUHFWO\ DQG LQGLUHFWO\ DIIHFW ZRUNLQJ FRQGLWLRQV IRU
ZRPHQZRUNHUVVHH,/&GLVFXVVLRQDQGSURSRVHGDGRSWLRQRIDQHZLQWHUQDWLRQDOODERXUVWDQGDUGIRU
GRPHVWLFZRUNPHPEHUVWDWHV¶FDSDFLW\EXLOGLQJSURMHFWV¶DQGDFWLRQSODQV¶LPSOHPHQWDWLRQSDUWQHUVKLSV
DQGEHVWSUDFWLFHDQGWKHVXSSRUWSURYLGHGIRUZRPHQ¶VHQWUHSUHQHXUVKLSDQGPLFURFUHGLWLQLWLDWLYHV
1RQHWKHOHVV,/2VKRXOGFRQWLQXHWRUHLQIRUFHLWVDFWLRQLQWKLVDUHDEHFDXVHLQVSLWHRIWKHDFFRP
SOLVKPHQWVVRIDUWKHUHLVVWLOODORQJZD\WRJRWRDFKLHYHIXOOJHQGHUHTXDOLW\
(YHQLQWKH(XURSHDQ8QLRQZKHUHVRFLDOSURWHFWLRQOHYHOVDUHPXFKKLJKHUWKDQLQRWKHUSDUWVRIWKH
ZRUOGZRPHQHDUQRQDYHUDJHOHVVWKDQPHQDQGDUHOHVVUHSUHVHQWHGLQWKHZRUNIRUFHYV
DFFRUGLQJWRGDWDIURP$GGLWLRQDOO\XQHPSOR\PHQWOHYHOVDUHKLJKHUIRUZRPHQYV
DVDUHWKHLUFRQWULEXWLRQUDWHVIRUKRXVHKROGVYV
0RUHWKDQKDOIDFHQWXU\DIWHUWKHDGRSWLRQRI&RQYHQWLRQWKHUHDUHVWLOOEDUULHUVWRWKHDSSOLFDWLRQ
RIWKH³HTXDOUHPXQHUDWLRQIRUZRUNRIHTXDOYDOXH´SULQFLSOHGHVSLWHLWVUHFRJQLWLRQDQGLQFRUSRUDWLRQLQWR
ODZ
,PSURYLQJWKHDELOLW\WRRYHUFRPHREVWDFOHVWRILJKWHTXDORSSRUWXQLWLHV¶LPEDODQFHVLPSOLHVDGRSWLQJ
GLIIHUHQWFRPSOHPHQWDU\DFWLRQSODQVSURPRWLQJDPDFURHFRQRPLFHQYLURQPHQWIDYRXUDEOHWRHPSOR\PHQW
ULVLQJHFRQRPLFJURZWK:LWKRXWWKLVDVVXPSWLRQDOOLPEDODQFHVLQFOXGLQJJHQGHUGLVSDULWLHVWHQGWRH[DF
HUEDWHFRRUGLQDWLRQRILQWHUVHFWRUSROLFLHVZLWKDYLHZWRHOLPLQDWLQJHFRQRPLFVRFLDODQGFXOWXUDOREVWD
FOHVWRWKHIXOOLQWHJUDWLRQRIZRPHQLQWKHODERXUPDUNHWDQGLQFUHDVHGIRFXVRQHTXDORSSRUWXQLWLHVDVIDU
DVHPSOR\PHQWDQGWUDLQLQJDUHFRQFHUQHGZLWKVSHFLDOHPSKDVLVRQSURPRWLQJZRPHQ¶VHPSOR\DELOLW\DQG
PRUHSRVLWLYHDFWLRQGHVLJQHGWRFKDQJHDWWLWXGHVDPRQJHPSOR\HUV
,WLVUHJDUGLQJHPSOR\PHQWDQGLWVUHODWHGGRPDLQVWKDWJHQGHUGLVSDULWLHVLQHYLWDEO\JHQHUDWHDYDVW
UDQJHRIGLVFULPLQDWRU\HIIHFWV
-RmR3URHQoD
7KHWUDGHXQLRQPRYHPHQWILJKWVDWQDWLRQDODQGLQWHUQDWLRQDOOHYHOVIRUHTXDORSSRUWXQLWLHV¶LQDOOLWV
DVSHFWVDQGGHFHQWZRUN¶VPDLQVWUHDPLQJLQERWKVRFLDODQGHFRQRPLFUHFRYHU\SROLFLHV7UDGHXQLRQVZLOO
PRVWFHUWDLQO\FRQWLQXHWRSXUVXHWKLVOLQHRIDFWLRQEDVHGLQYDOXHVDQGSULQFLSOHVDGYRFDWHGE\,/27KH\
ZLOODOVRFRQWLQXHWKLVZRUNZLWKLQWKH,/2LWVHOIVRWKDWWKH2UJDQL]DWLRQDQGLWVYDOXHVWDNHRQDPRUHVLJ
QLILFDQWUROHLQWKHJOREDOSLFWXUH
,/2±WKHRQO\8QLWHG1DWLRQVDJHQF\EULQJLQJWRJHWKHUJRYHUQPHQWVWUDGHXQLRQVDQGHPSOR\HUV ±
VKRXOGFRQWLQXHLWVHIIRUWVWRSURPRWHWKHGHFHQWZRUNDJHQGDGLUHFWO\WRPDLQVWUHDPWKHLVVXHLQVRFLDODQG
HFRQRPLFSROLFLHVDQGWRDGYRFDWHDWLQWHUQDWLRQDOOHYHOJHQGHUHTXDOLW\DVDFUXFLDOHOHPHQWLQWKHILJKW
DJDLQVWSRYHUW\
)XUWKHUPRUH,/2VKRXOGFRQWLQXHZLWKLQWKH81V\VWHPLWVHOIWRGUDZDWWHQWLRQWRLWVVSHFLDOFKDUDF
WHUWKDWGHULYHVIURPLWVWULSDUWLWHQDWXUH7ULSDUWLVPLVRIWHQXQGHUYDOXHGDQGLVFHUWDLQO\QRWDZHDNQHVV
,/2¶V GHFLVLRQV PHHW LWV PHPEHUV¶ FRQVHQVXV DQG WKH GHFLVLRQPDNLQJ SURFHVV LQYROYHV DQG ELQGV WKHP
7ULSDUWLVP HQVXUHV ,/2¶V GHFLVLRQV DGGLWLRQDO OHJLWLPDF\ JUHDWHU DVVHUWLYHQHVV DPRQJ RWKHU 81 RUJDQLVD
WLRQVDQGFORVHUDUWLFXODWLRQZLWKWKRVHRUJDQLVDWLRQV¶REMHFWLYHV
7KH'HFHQW:RUN$JHQGDWKH810LOOHQQLXP'HYHORSPHQW*RDOV ±ZKLFKLQFOXGHJHQGHUHTXDOLW\
DQGZRPHQ¶VHPSRZHUPHQW ±DQGWKH81&RQYHQWLRQRQWKH (OLPLQDWLRQRI$OO)RUPVRI'LVFULPLQDWLRQ
DJDLQVW :RPHQ VKRXOG QRW EH UHJDUGHG DV VHSDUDWH HOHPHQWV VWDQGLQJ DORQH EXW UDWKHU DV FRPSOHPHQWDU\
LQVWUXPHQWVWRDFKLHYHWKHVDPHXOWLPDWHJRDOZKLFKWUDGHXQLRQVHPSOR\HUVJRYHUQPHQWVDQGLQWHUQDWLRQDO
ERGLHVDOLNHPXVWSXUVXHHIIHFWLYHHTXDOLW\EHWZHHQPHQDQGZRPHQ
Bibliography
&+,&+$ 0DULH7KpUqVH $ comparative analysis of promoting pay equity: models and impacts
:RUNLQJ3DSHUQR,/2*HQHYD
&6,Achieving Gender Equality - A trade union manual
&6,Campaign Guide for World Day for Decent Work
*$%,1(7( 3$5$ $ &223(5$d­2 '2 0,1,67e5,2 '2 75$%$/+2 ( '$ 62/,'$5,('$'(
62&,$/'(32578*$/'RFXPHQWRV)XQGDPHQWDLVGD,/2*(30766/LVERD
,/2*HQGHUEquality and Decent Work: Selected ILO Conventions and Recommendations Promoting
Gender Equality,/2*HQHYD
,/2 Gender Equality at the Heart of Decent Work, Report VI - International Labour Conference,
98th Session,/2*HQHYD
,/2ILO report – Women in Labour Markets: Measuring progress and identifying challenges,/2
*HQHYD
In the ILO Archives…
Women’s Associations Present their Claims1
Albertina Jordão
Programme Manager, ILO-Lisbon
Abstract | 'HPDQGVIRULPSURYHGOLYLQJDQGZRUNLQJFRQGLWLRQVOHGWRWKHIRXQGLQJLQRIWKH,QWHUQD
WLRQDO /DERXU 2UJDQL]DWLRQ ,/2 WKH ILUVW DQG RQO\ WULSDUWLWH DJHQF\ RI WKH 8QLWHG 1DWLRQV V\VWHP 'LIIHUHQW
LQWHUHVW JURXSV HVSHFLDOO\ ZRPHQ¶V DVVRFLDWLRQV VDZ WKLV QHZ 2UJDQL]DWLRQ DV D SRZHUIXO LQVWUXPHQW IRU GH
IHQGLQJWKHLQWHUHVWVRIZRPHQFKLOGUHQDQGPHQ
7KHSXUSRVHRIWKLVDUWLFOHLVWRGHVFULEHWKHPDLQFODLPVSXWIRUZDUGE\VL[ZRPHQ¶VDVVRFLDWLRQVWRWKH&RP
PLVVLRQWKDWGUDIWHG3DUW;,,,RIWKH7UHDW\RI9HUVDLOOHVWKDWGHDOWZLWK/DERXULVVXHV
BBBBBBBBBB
,/2$1'*(1'(5(48$/,7<,17+(:25/'2):25.6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRERRNOHWVQRSS
([WUDFWHGIURPWKH0LQXWHVRI3URFHHGLQJV1RRI0DUFKin
KWWSZZZLORRUJSXEOLFOLEGRFLOR3SGI
,17+(,/2$5&+,9(6«:20(1¶6$662&,$7,21635(6(177+(,5&/$,06
6RFLDODQGHFRQRPLFWXUPRLODQGKDUVKZRUNLQJDQGOLYLQJFRQGLWLRQVLQWKHDIWHUPDWKRIWKH)LUVW:RUOG:DU
FRPELQHGWRWULJJHUWKHFUHDWLRQRIWKH,/2LQ5RGJHUV/DERXURUJDQLVDWLRQEHFDPHDJOREDOLVVXH
DQG WKH SROLWLFDO OHDGHUV RI WKH $OOLHG FRXQWULHV DJUHHG WKDW SHDFH ZDV DOVR GHSHQGHQW XSRQ VRFLDO MXVWLFH DQG
TXDOLW\RIOLIH
*RYHUQPHQWVHPSOR\HUV¶DVVRFLDWLRQVDQGWUDGHXQLRQVMRLQHGIRUFHVWRVHWXSD³SHUPDQHQW´RUJDQLVDWLRQ
WKDWZRXOGEHUHVSRQVLEOHIRULPSURYLQJFRQGLWLRQVIRUODERXU&RQFUHWHH[SUHVVLRQRIWKHLUHIIRUWVZDVWRWDNH
WKHIRUPRIWKH,/2¶VIRXQGLQJWH[W±3DUW;,,,RIWKH7UHDW\RI9HUVDLOOHVVLJQHGRQ-XQHDQGWKHKROG
LQJRIWKHILUVW,QWHUQDWLRQDO/DERXU&RQIHUHQFH,/&RQ2FWREHULQ:DVKLQJWRQ'&
7KH ³injustice, hardship and privation´ UHIHUUHG LQ WKH 3UHDPEOH WR 3DUW ;,,, RI WKH 7UHDW\ DIIHFWHG DOO
ZRUNHUVHVSHFLDOO\ZRPHQDQGFKLOGUHQ7KH3UHDPEOHDQGWKH7UHDW\¶V$UWLFOHVDQGFRQVLGHUHG
E\VHYHUDODXWKRUVWREHWKH/DERXU&KDUWHUH[SOLFLWO\VWDWHWKDWPHQDQGZRPHQVKRXOGUHFHLYHHTXDOUHPXQHUD
WLRQIRUZRUNRIHTXDOYDOXHWKDWPHPEHUFRXQWU\GHOHJDWLRQVFRXOGEHDFFRPSDQLHGE\DGYLVHUVDQGZKHQTXHV
WLRQV³specially affecting women´ZHUHWREHFRQVLGHUHGDWOHDVWRQHRIWKHDGYLVHUVVKRXOGEHDZRPDQWKDWWKH
2UJDQL]DWLRQVKRXOGLQFOXGHIHPDOHVWDIIDQGWKDWWKHODERXULQVSHFWLRQV\VWHPVLQHDFKPHPEHUFRXQWU\VKRXOG
LQFOXGH ZRPHQ 7KHVH DVSHFWV HVSHFLDOO\ WKH ODWWHU VHHP WR EH WKH UHVXOW RI WKH VXJJHVWLRQV SXW IRUZDUG E\
VRPH :RPHQ¶V $VVRFLDWLRQV KHDG E\ WKH &RPPLVVLRQ WKDW ZRXOG GUDIW WKH ,/2¶V IRXQGLQJ WH[W /XELQ DQG
:LQVORZ
7KH,/2¶VDUFKLYHVFRQWDLQWKHUHFRUGVRIWKHDOOWKH3URFHHGLQJVKHOGLQEHWZHHQWKH&RPPLVVLRQ
RQ ,QWHUQDWLRQDO /DERXU /HJLVODWLRQ ZKLFK ZDV UHVSRQVLEOH IRU GUDIWLQJ WKH WH[W RI 3DUW ;,,, /DERXU RI WKH
7UHDW\RI9HUVDLOOHVDQGWKHGLIIHUHQWGHOHJDWLRQVUHSUHVHQWLQJLQWHUHVWJURXSV
2Q0DUFKWKH&RPPLVVLRQUHFHLYHGWKHZRPHQ¶VGHOHJDWLRQ
7KHVLWWLQJODVWHGIRUDERXWWZRKRXUVDQGZDVHQWLUHO\GHYRWHGWRKHDULQJWKHFODLPVSXWIRUZDUGE\WKH
UHSUHVHQWDWLYHVRIDQXPEHURI:RPHQ¶V$VVRFLDWLRQV
%XWZKLFK:RPHQ¶V$VVRFLDWLRQVZHUHSUHVHQWDWWKHVLWWLQJRIWKH&RPPLVVLRQ"
$FFRUGLQJWRWKH0LQXWHVRIWKH3URFHHGLQJVWKHIROORZLQJ'HOHJDWLRQVZHUHSUHVHQW
,QWHUQDWLRQDO:RPHQ¶V&RXQFLOZLWKUHSUHVHQWDWLYHVIURP)UDQFHDQG,WDO\
&RQIHUHQFH RI $OOLHG :RPHQ 6XIIUDJLVWV ZLWK UHSUHVHQWDWLYHV IURP E\ )UDQFH *UHDW %ULWDLQ 8QLWHG
6WDWHVDQG%HOJLXP
Office des Intérêts FémininsZLWKDUHSUHVHQWDWLYHIURP)UDQFH
Syndicats des Ouvriers Confédérés,ZLWKUHSUHVHQWDWLYHVIURP)UDQFH
Syndicats Professionnels IndépendantsZLWKDUHSUHVHQWDWLYHIURP)UDQFH
Ligue Française du Droit des FemmesZLWKDUHSUHVHQWDWLYHIURP)UDQFH
$IHZRWKHUZRPHQZHUHDOVRSUHVHQWLQWKHZRPHQ¶VGHOHJDWLRQWRWKH&RPPLVVLRQ
$OEHUWLQD-RUGmR
7KH$VVRFLDWLRQVSXWIRUZDUGDFRQVLGHUDEOHQXPEHURIUHFRPPHQGDWLRQVERWKIRULQFOXVLRQLQWKHWH[WRI
3DUW;,,,RIWKH7UHDW\RI9HUVDLOOHVGHYRWHGWR/DERXUDQGDWWKH)LUVW,QWHUQDWLRQDO/DERXU&RQIHUHQFHZKLFK
ZRXOGWDNHSODFHLQ2FWREHULQ:DVKLQJWRQ'&
7KHLUSURSRVDOVDGGUHVVHGZRPHQ¶VULJKWWRZRUNDQGKHDOWK\DQGVDIHZRUNLQJFRQGLWLRQV
2QWKHTXHVWLRQRIULJKWVWKHZRPHQ¶VGHOHJDWLRQSURSRVHGWKHIROORZLQJ
SURWHFWLYHODERXUOHJLVODWLRQVKRXOGQRWUHVWULFWWKHIUHHGRPWRZRUNOffice des Intérêts FémininsRUOLPLW
ZRPHQ¶VULJKWWRHQWHUDOOSURIHVVLRQVDQGLQGXVWULHV&RQIHUHQFHRI$OOLHG:RPHQ6XIIUDJLVWVOffice des
Intérêts Féminins
HTXDOSD\IRUPHQDQGZRPHQZKHQWKHZRUNWKH\GRLVWKHVDPH&RQIHUHQFHRI$OOLHG:RPHQ6XIIUD
JLVWVLigue Française du Droit des Femmes,QWHUQDWLRQDO:RPHQ¶V&RXQFLO
LQVWLWXWLRQRIDPLQLPXPZDJHWKDWLVHTXDOIRUPHQDQGZRPHQGRLQJWKHVDPHMRELigue Française du
Droit des Femmes, Office des Intérêts Féminins)LQSURSRUWLRQWRWKHFRVWRIOLYLQJLQHDFKFRXQWU\Ligue
Française du Droit des Femmes)DQG
YRFDWLRQDOHGXFDWLRQWKDWLVRSHQDQGRUJDQLVHGLQDZD\WKDWHQVXUHVHTXDORSSRUWXQLWLHVIRUERWKVH[HV
Office des Intérêts Féminins
2QWKHTXHVWLRQRIWKHZRUNLQJFRQGLWLRQVWKDWLQGXVWULDOLVDWLRQKDGLQIOLFWHGRQPHQZRPHQDQGFKLOGUHQWKH
ZRPHQ¶VGHOHJDWLRQSXWIRUZDUGWKHIROORZLQJUHFRPPHQGDWLRQV
DZRUNLQJGD\RIQRPRUHWKDQHLJKWKRXUVLigue Française du Droit des FemmesDQGDKRXUZRUN
LQJZHHN&RQIHUHQFHRI$OOLHG:RPHQ6XIIUDJLVWV
WLPHRIIIRUUHVWRULQWHOOHFWXDOGHYHORSPHQW,QWHUQDWLRQDO:RPHQ¶V&RXQFLO
SURKLELWLRQRIQLJKWZRUNIRUPHQDQGZRPHQLQWKHLQWHUHVWVRIIDPLO\OLIH&RQIHUHQFHRI$OOLHG:RPHQ
6XIIUDJLVWVSURKLELWLRQRIDOOQLJKWZRUNH[FHSWLQFDVHVZKHUHLWDEVROXWHO\QHFHVVDU\Ligue Française
du Droit des Femmes
PDWHUQLW\SURWHFWLRQSDLGPDWHUQLW\OHDYHDQGSURWHFWLRQRIFKLOGUHQDWZRUNLigue Française du Droit
des Femmes&RQIHUHQFHRI$OOLHG:RPHQ6XIIUDJLVWV
SURWHFWLRQLQFDVHRIXQHPSOR\PHQWLOOQHVVGLVDELOLW\DQGROGDJHSyndicats des Ouvriers Confédérés
HVWDEOLVKPHQWRIDPLQLPXPZRUNLQJDJHRI\HDUV&RQIHUHQFHRI$OOLHG:RPHQ6XIIUDJLVWV
7KH :RPHQ¶V 'HOHJDWLRQ IROORZHG XS WKH UHFRPPHQGDWLRQV SXW IRUZDUG YHUEDOO\ WR WKH &RPPLVVLRQ ZLWK D
ZULWWHQUHSRUWFRQWDLQLQJDVHULHVRIUHVROXWLRQVUHODWLQJWRZRUNLQJKRXUVXQHPSOR\PHQWPDWHUQLW\SURWHFWLRQ
K\JLHQHDQGFKLOGODERXUDVWKHIROORZLQJH[DPSOHVLOOXVWUDWH
“The hours of work shall be reduced to less than eight hours in cases where the work is dangerous or necessitates special effort…”
“Seasonal industries shall be combined in order to prevent unemployment due to the long dead season.”
“The filling of vacancies shall be properly organised on the basis of equality.”
“Women shall not be employed in work known to be really dangerous for them in the event of maternity«´
“Every women, whether a wage earner or not, shall have a right to an indemnity during the six weeks before and after childbirth. This maternity indemnity shall not be less than the minimum living wage fixed in
that region´
“Free primary education shall be obligatory in every country up to the age of 15 years. It shall be the
same for all without distinction of sex, class, race or religion.”
“Medical examination shall be obligatory before any work is entered upon.”
7KH)LUVW,QWHUQDWLRQDO/DERXU&RQIHUHQFHWRRNSODFHIURP2FWREHUWR1RYHPEHU
,17+(,/2$5&+,9(6«:20(1¶6$662&,$7,21635(6(177+(,5&/$,06
:KLOH FOHDUO\ FRQFHUQHG DERXW ZRUNLQJ FRQGLWLRQV IRU ZRPHQ WKH 'HOHJDWLRQ¶V FODLPV DOVR H[WHQGHG WR LP
SURYHPHQWVIRUPHQDQGFKLOGUHQWRR
7KHLUFODLPV UHIOHFW WKH EHOLHI WKDW RYHUSURWHFWLRQLVP WRZDUGV ZRPHQ FRXOG UHVXOWLQ ZRPHQ EHLQJ H[
FOXGHGIURPHPSOR\PHQW7KLVLVLOOXVWUDWHGIRUH[DPSOHE\WKHLUSURSRVDOWKDWIXWXUHLQWHUQDWLRQDOODERXUVWDQ
GDUGVVKRXOGUHIHUWR“the protection of maternity and childhood…´UDWKHUWKDQ³the protection of child and female labour«´DQGDOVRE\WKHLUDVVHUWLRQVWKDWQLJKWZRUNZDVKDUPIXOWRPHQDVZHOODVZRPHQDVERWKZHUH
HQWLWOHGWRHQMR\IDPLO\OLIH
7KH:RPHQ¶V$VVRFLDWLRQVFRQVLGHUHGWKDWJHQGHULQHTXDOLWLHVDWZRUNUHVXOWHGLQWKHLQWHUHVWVRIZRPHQ
EHLQJVHSDUDWHGIURPRUVHWXSDJDLQVWWKHLQWHUHVWVRIPHQ7KH\ZHUHDOVRNHHQWRDYRLGFRPSHWLWLRQWKDWZRXOG
EHKDUPIXOWRZRPHQDQGWRWKHHFRQRPLFLQWHUHVWVRIFRXQWULHVE\LQFOXGLQJWKHSULQFLSOHRIHTXDOSD\JLYHQ
WKHORZZDJHVSDLGWRZRPHQDQGFKLOGUHQDQGWKHORQJZRUNLQJKRXUV7KHRQO\SURSRVHGH[FHSWLRQWRHTXDOLW\
RIWUHDWPHQWZDVLQFRQQHFWLRQZLWKPDWHUQLW\
$FFRUGLQJWKHVH$VVRFLDWLRQVZRPHQKDGWKHULJKWWRGHIHQGWKHLULQWHUHVWVDQGIRUWKLVUHDVRQXUJHGWKDW
ZRPHQVKRXOGEHLQFOXGHGRQDOOFRPPLVVLRQVVHWXSWRGUDIWODERXUOHJLVODWLRQ±QRWMXVWWKRVHGHDOLQJVSHFLIL
FDOO\ZLWKZRPHQ¶VLVVXHV
7KH\DSSHDUHGWREHOLHYHWKDWLIFRPSHWHQWZRPHQZHUHFRQVXOWHGRQOHJLVODWLYHPHDVXUHVWKHFRQGLWLRQV
RIZRPHQZRUNHUVFRXOGTXLFNO\EHLPSURYHG
,QZRPHQ¶VRUJDQLVDWLRQVZHUHKLJKO\G\QDPLFDQGXVHGWRWKHLUDGYDQWDJHHYHQWVVXFKDVWKH3DULV
3HDFH &RQIHUHQFHWDONVLQWKHIUDPHZRUNRIWKH/HDJXHRI1DWLRQVDQGWKHKROGLQJRIWKH)LUVW,QWHUQDWLRQDO
/DERXU&RQIHUHQFHWRHQJDJHLQLQWHQVHOREE\LQJRIWKHVXSUDQDWLRQDORUJDQLVDWLRQVEHLQJVHWXS7KH\RUJDQ
LVHGWKH)LUVW,QWHUQDWLRQDO&RQJUHVVRI:RUNLQJ:RPHQ2FWREHUWR1RYHPEHULQ:DVKLQJWRQWRFRLQFLGH
ZLWKWKH,/&
)LQDOO\WKHRXWOLQHJLYHQ KHUHRIWKH &RPPLVVLRQVLWWLQJLVLQWHQGHGWRLOOXVWUDWHWKHUROHWKDW81
DJHQFLHVKDYHDOZD\VSOD\HGLQWKHSURPRWLRQRIJHQGHUHTXDOLW\DQGLQWKLVUHVSHFWWRKLJKOLJKWWKHSLRQHHULQJ
HIIRUWVRIWKH,QWHUQDWLRQDO/DERXU2UJDQL]DWLRQZKLFKWRRNXSDQGGHYHORSHGWKHLVVXHRYHUWKHFRXUVHRIQLQH
GHFDGHV5HLQDOGD
+DYLQJFRQVXOWHGWKHGRFXPHQWVRIWKHWLPHDQGIURPDGHWDFKHGVWDQGSRLQWZHFDQFRQFOXGHWKDWERWK
3DUW;,,,RIWKH7UHDW\RI9HUVDLOOHVDQGWKH5HSRUWRIWKHILUVW,/&KHOSHGWRHVWDEOLVKWKDWLQWKHZRUOGRIZRUN
ZRPHQ¶VULJKWVDUHKXPDQULJKWVDQRWLRQUHLWHUDWHGDWWKH81:RUOG&RQIHUHQFHRQ+XPDQ5LJKWVKHOG
LQ9LHQQDDQGDWWKH)RXUWK81:RUOG&RQIHUHQFHRQ:RPHQKHOGLQ%HLMLQJ
Bibliography
%,7%XOOHWLQ2IILFLHO*HQqYHGLJLWDOYHUVLRQin
KWWSZZZLORRUJSXEOLFOLEGRFLOR3SGI>DFFHVVLQ'HFHPEHU@
/8%,1&DURO5:,16/2:$QQH Social Justice for Women7KH,QWHUQDWLRQDO/DERU2UJDQL]DWLRQ
DQG:RPHQ'XNH8QLYHUVLW\3UHVV86$
5(,1$/'$ %RE ³8QH DQDO\VH FULWLTXH GHV IHPPHV GDQV O8QLRQ (XURSpHQQH´ $$99 *HQUH HW
SROLWLTXH'pEDWVHWSHUVSHFWLYHV*DOOLPDUGSS3DULV
52'*(56*HUU\et al.³/¶,/2HWODTXrWHGHMXVWLFHVRFLDOH´%,7*HQqYH
'(/$81$< -HDQ0DUF '(1e&+Ê5( <YHV GLU ³/HV IHPPHV HW OHV UHODWLRQV LQWHUQDWLRQDOHV DX
;;HVLqFOH´3UHVVHV6RUERQQH1RXYHOOHV3DULV
3$57,(;,,,75$9$,/'875$,7e'(9(56$,//(6'8-8,1%,7*HQqYH
From the Shadow to the Fore: Domestic Work and the ILO
Manuela Tomei
Director-Travail/OIT
Abstract | 7KLVDUWLFOHVKRZKRZGRPHVWLFZRUNKDVEHHQXQGHUYDOXHGDQGYHU\RIWHQH[FOXGHGIURPOD
ERXUULJKWV7KH,/2DVSDUWRILWVHIIRUWVLQSXUVXLWRIWKHGHFHQWZRUNDJHQGDSURSRVHGWKHDGRSWLRQRID
QHZODERXUVWDQGDUW,/2LVDGYRFDWLQJIRUUHFRJQL]HWKLVZRUNDVOLNHRWKHUZRUN
BBBBBBBBBB
,/2$1'*(1'(5(48$/,7<,17+(:25/'2):25.6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRERRNOHWVQRSS
)5207+(6+$'2:727+()25('20(67,&:25.$1'7+(,/2
Introduction
7KH ZRUN RIFDULQJ DQGFOHDQLQJ LQ WKH KRPH LV DVROG DV WKH KRPH DQGKDVWUDGLWLRQDOO\ EHHQ SUHFDULRXV
LQVHFXUH DQG IOH[LEOH ,W LV ZRUN ZKLFK KDV WUDGLWLRQDOO\ EHHQ SHUIRUPHG E\ ZRPHQ IRU RWKHU ZRPHQ DQG
ZKLFKFRQWLQXHVWREHFRQVLGHUHGDZRPDQ¶VMRE
:KLOHGRPHVWLFZRUNKDVEHHQRQ,/2¶VDJHQGDVLQFHLWVLQFHSWLRQLWLVRQO\LQ0DUFKWKDWWKH
,/2*RYHUQLQJ%RG\DJUHHGWRLQFOXGHDVWDQGDUGVHWWLQJDFWLYLW\RQdecent work for domestic workers RQ
WKHDJHQGDRIWKHWK6HVVLRQRIWKH,QWHUQDWLRQDO/DERXU&RQIHUHQFH,/&,Q-XQHWKH,/&LV
H[SHFWHGWRGHFLGHZKHWKHUWRDGRSWRUUHMHFWDQHZLQWHUQDWLRQDOODERXULQVWUXPHQWRQGRPHVWLFZRUN
2QHLPSRUWDQWUHDVRQIRUWKLVUHQHZHGLQWHUHVWLQGRPHVWLFZRUNOLHVLQWKHJURZLQJGLIILFXOWLHVWKDW
ZRUNHUVZLWKIDPLO\UHVSRQVLELOLWLHVDQGHVSHFLDOO\ZRPHQIDFHLQPDQDJLQJWKHLUUHVSRQVLELOLWLHVDWKRPH
DQGDWZRUN'HPRJUDSKLFDQGVRFLHWDOVKLIWVLQFOXGLQJWKHJURZLQJSDUWLFLSDWLRQRIZRPHQLQWKHODERXU
IRUFHDFURVVWKHJOREHKDYHH[SRVHGWKHPLVPDWFKEHWZHHQWKHQHHGVRIZRUNHUVDQGWKHLUIDPLOLHVDQGWKH
FXUUHQWRUJDQL]DWLRQRIZRUNDQGZRUNSODFHVZKLFKKDYHQRWNHSWSDFHZLWKWKHVHFKDQJHV7KHDEVHQFHRI
RULQDGHTXDF\RIZRUNIDPLO\UHFRQFLOLDWLRQSXEOLFSROLFLHVKDVSXVKHGPDQ\ IDPLOLHVLQKLJKPLGGOHDQG
ORZLQFRPHFRXQWULHVDOLNHWRUHO\LQFUHDVLQJO\RQSDLGGRPHVWLFVHUYLFHVWRDGGUHVVWKHVHZRUNIDPLO\WHQ
VLRQV
'RPHVWLF ZRUN KDV WKHUHIRUH EHFRPH FHQWUDO WR WKH PDLQWHQDQFH DQG ZHOOEHLQJ RI KRXVHKROGV DQG
WKHLUPHPEHUVDVZHOODVWRWKHVPRRWKIXQFWLRQLQJRIODERXUPDUNHWVLQFRQWHPSRUDU\ZRUOG'HVSLWHLWV
HFRQRPLFDQGVRFLDOLPSRUWDQFHKRZHYHUGRPHVWLFZRUNFRQWLQXHVWREHSRRUO\UHJXODWHGUHPDLQVODUJHO\
LQIRUPDODQGH[KLELWVDKLJKLQFLGHQFHRIFKLOGDQGIRUFHGODERXUGLVFULPLQDWLRQDQGWKHGHQLDORIIUHHGRP
RIDVVRFLDWLRQ
7KLV UHIOHFWV D ELJ SDUDGR[ KRXVHKROGV HQWUXVW GRPHVWLF ZRUNHUV ZLWK ZKDW WKH\ KROG PRVW GHDU
QDPHO\WKHLUKRPHVDQGWKHLUEHORYHGRQHVEXWDUHXQZLOOLQJWRUHZDUGWKHPLQDPDQQHUZKLFKLVFRPPHQ
VXUDWH ZLWK WKH UHVSRQVLELOLWLHV DQG WKH HPRWLRQDO ODERXU LQYROYHG LQ GRPHVWLF ZRUN 7KH OHJDO DQG VRFLDO
YXOQHUDELOLW\ZKLFKGRPHVWLFZRUNHUVFRQIURQWLVURRWHGLQWKHORZVRFLDODQGHFRQRPLFYDOXHDWWULEXWHGFDUH
ZRUN ZKHWKHU SDLG RU XQSDLG ZKLFK LQ WXUQ PLUURUV WKH XQHTXDO GLYLVLRQ RI IDPLO\ UHVSRQVLELOLWLHV DQG
KRXVHNHHSLQJWDVNVEHWZHHQZRPHQDQGPHQ
:KLOHWKH,/2VWDUWHGDGGUHVVLQJWKHFKDOOHQJHVDVVRFLDWHGZLWKWKHJURZWKLQKLJKO\IHPLQL]HGSUH
FDULRXVDQGORZSD\ZRUNLQWKHPLGVVHH³'RPHVWLFZRUNDQGROG,/2¶VFRQFHUQ´ODWHULQWKLVDUWL
FOH WKH 'HFHQW ZRUN DJHQGD ZLWK LWVIRFXV RQGHFHQW ZRUN IRU DOO ZRUNHUVKDV JLYHQ IXUWKHULPSHWXV WR
WKHVHFRQFHUQV
'HFHQWZRUNIRUDOOZRUNHUVPHDQVUHFRJQL]LQJWKDWDOOZRUNHUVZKHWKHUZRPHQRUPHQDQGUHJDUG
OHVVRIZKHUHWKH\ZRUNLQDIDUPDQRIILFHDIDFWRU\RUDKRXVHZKRPWKH\ZRUNIRUDQDWXUDORUDOHJDO
SHUVRQDQGZKHWKHUWKH\DUHRQRURIIWKHERRNVDUHHQWLWOHGWRUHVSHFWGLJQLW\DQGGHFHQWOLYLQJDQGZRUN
LQJOLYHV'HFHQWZRUNIRUGRPHVWLFZRUNHUVUHTXLUHVDPRQJRWKHUVUHFRJQL]LQJWKHLUVSHFLDOHPSOR\PHQW
UHODWLRQVKLSDQGSURYLGLQJIRUVSHFLILFVWDQGDUGVLQRUGHUWRHQVXUHWKHHIIHFWLYHHQMR\PHQWRIZRUNHUV¶ULJKWV
DWSDUZLWKWKHRWKHUZRUNHUV
7KHKRPHDVWKHZRUNSODFHSROLF\LVVXHVDQGFKDOOHQJHV
0LQ*%
,/25HSRUW,9Decent Work for Domestic Workers,,/&WKVHVVLRQ
0DQXHOD7RPHL
7KHKRPHLVQRWDFRQYHQWLRQDOZRUNSODFH/DERXUODZVDQGUHJXODWLRQVDVZHOODVWKHPHFKDQLVPVRI
YHULILFDWLRQRIFRPSOLDQFHZLWKWKHODZWHQGWREHVKDSHGEHDULQJLQPLQGZRUNHUVZKRDUHW\SLFDOO\PDOH
ZKRDUHDVVXPHGWREHWKHRQO\RUWKHPDLQILQDQFLDOVXSSRUWIRUWKHIDPLO\DQGZKRZRUNDOO\HDUURXQGIRU
DQLQGHILQLWHGXUDWLRQIRUDVLQJOHHPSOR\HUW\SLFDOO\LQDQRIILFHRUDIDFWRU\RXWVLGHRIWKHKRPH
+RPHV KDYH DOVR D VWURQJ V\PEROLF YDOXH WKH\ KRVW IDPLOLHV WKH EXLOGLQJ EORFNV RI VRFLHWLHV ZKR
VKDUHWLHVRIORYHDQGDIIHFWLRQDQGHVFDSHWKHORJLFRIWUDQVDFWLRQVRIDSXUHO\FRPPHUFLDORUHFRQRPLFQD
WXUH+RPHKDVDOVREHHQWUDGLWLRQDOO\GHSLFWHGDV³ZRPHQ¶VUHLJQ´WKHRQO\GRPDLQLQZKLFKVLQFHWLPH
LPPHPRULDO ZRPHQ KDYH H[HUWHG XQGLVWXUEHG FRQVLGHUDEOH FRQWURO +RXVHZRUN DQG WKH FDUH RI FKLOGUHQ
ROGHUSHRSOHWKHVLFNDQGWKHGLVDEOHGKDYHWKHUHIRUHEHHQWUDGLWLRQDOO\ZRPHQ¶VH[FOXVLYHUHVSRQVLELOLWLHV
,QRUGHUWRSUHVHUYHWKHVDFUHGQHVVDQGLQWLPDF\RIWKHKRPHVODZVDQGSROLFLHVKDYHGHYHORSHGRYHU
WLPH WR SUHVHUYH WKH LQYLRODELOLW\ RI WKHLU SULYDF\ E\ SODFLQJ VLJQLILFDQW UHVWULFWLRQV RQ WKH 6WDWHV¶ LQWHUIH
UHQFH,WLVRQO\LQWKHSDVWVHYHUDOGHFDGHVWKDWKRPHVDQGWKHLUIXQFWLRQLQJKDYHHQWHUHGWKHSXEOLFSROLF\
GHEDWH 7KH DJHLQJ RI VRFLHWLHV ZRPHQ¶V VRFLDO DQG HFRQRPLF HPDQFLSDWLRQ DQG WKH ULVH LQ GXDO HDUQLQJ
IDPLOLHVLQDGYDQFHGHFRQRPLHVILUVWDQGLQPLGGOHLQFRPHFRXQWULHVPRUHUHFHQWO\KDYHH[SRVHGWKHOLP
LWVRIWUDGLWLRQDOKRXVHNHHSLQJDQGFDUHDUUDQJHPHQWVWKDWGHSHQGHGXSRQWKHVXSSO\RIXQSDLGODERXUE\WKH
ZRPHQRIWKHKRXVH
7KLV KDV FRPSHOOHGKLJKHU PLGGOHFODVV IDPLOLHV LQ ULFK FRXQWULHVWR SD\ IRU GRPHVWLF ZRUNHUVIURP
WKH 6RXWKWR XQGHUWDNH KRXVHNHHSLQJ DQGFKLOGPLQGLQJ RU FDUH RIWKH HOGHUO\JLYLQJ ULVH WRWKH VRFDOOHG
³JOREDO FDUH FKDLQ´ ,Q \HW RWKHU DGYDQFHG HFRQRPLHV WKH RXWVRXUFLQJ RI KRXVHZRUN DQG FDUH ZRUN KDV
EHFRPHDSXEOLFSROLF\ZKLFKLVHQFRXUDJHGE\WKH6WDWHWKURXJKVLPSOLILHGUHFUXLWPHQWDQGSD\PHQWSURFH
GXUHVDQGILVFDOH[HPSWLRQVRUWD[FUHGLWVLQWKHQDPHRIJHQGHUHTXDOLW\DQGZRUNIDPLO\UHFRQFLOLDWLRQ :KLOH WKHVH WUHQGV PD\ KDYH PHDQW JUHDWHU WLPH DYDLODELOLW\ IRU SURIHVVLRQDO DQG KLJKO\TXDOLILHG ZRPHQ
DQG PRUH HPSOR\PHQW RSSRUWXQLWLHV IRU OHVVHU HGXFDWHG DQG ORZLQFRPH ZRPHQ GRPHVWLF ZRUN UHPDLQV
ORZVNLOOHGORZVWDWXVDQGODUJHO\XQGHFODUHGRULQIRUPDOZRUN
6HYHUDOIDFWRUVFRQWULEXWHWRWKHFRQWLQXHGGHYDOXDWLRQRIWKHODERXURIFDUHPDNLQJLWDVHFRQGFODVV
MREDQGWRLWVVWXEERUQLQIRUPDOLW\$PRQJWKHVHIHDWXUHWKHLQYLVLELOLW\DQGEOXUUHGQHVVRIGRPHVWLFWDVNV
WKHVSHFLILFLW\RIWKHHPSOR\HUVRIGRPHVWLFZRUNHUVDQGWKHFKDOOHQJHVRIHQIRUFLQJWKHODERXUODZLQDSUL
YDWHKRPH
The Invisibility and Blurredness of Domestic Tasks
,QVRPHFRXQWULHVDVLJQLILFDQWQXPEHURIGRPHVWLFZRUNHUVHVVHQWLDOO\PHQDUHJDUGHQHUVRU JXDUGLDQVLQ
SULYDWHKRPHVRUZRUNDVIDPLO\FKDXIIHXUV7KHRYHUZKHOPLQJPDMRULW\RIGRPHVWLFZRUNHUVKRZHYHUDUH
ZRPHQZKRPD\FRRNZDVKDQGLURQFOHDQWDNHFDUHRIFKLOGUHQWKHHOGHUO\RUWKHGLVDEOHGHYHQGRPHV
WLFDQLPDOV7KHWDVNVWREHSHUIRUPHGE\GRPHVWLFZRUNHUVDUHRIWHQQRWGHILQHGZLWKDQ\SUHFLVLRQDQG
PD\YDU\RYHUWLPH7KHWHUPVWKHPVHOYHVXVHGWRUHIHUWRWKHVHWDVNVDUHVWULNLQJO\YDJXHDQGHDFKPD\
HQFRPSDVVDUDQJHRIDGGLWLRQDODVVLJQPHQWV)RULQVWDQFH³WDNLQJFDUH´RIDFKLOGPD\UDQJHIURPEDE\VLW
WLQJWRDVVXPLQJSULPDU\UHVSRQVLELOLW\IRUKLVRUKHUHGXFDWLRQ7KHODFNRIGHWDLODQGVSHFLILFLW\LQHQXPH
/83,&$&³7UDEDMRGRPpVWLFRUHPXQHUDGRXQDSXHUWDGHLQJUHVRDOPHUFDGRODERUDOSDUDPXFKDVPDGUHV´inBoletín de la
maternidad,1RRFWXEUHGHS
(+5(15(,&+%DUEDUD5866(//+2&+6&+,/'$UOLHHGLWRUVGlobal Woman.,0HWURSROLWDQ%RRNV1HZ<RUN
720(,0³'HFHQWZRUNIRUGRPHVWLFZRUNHUV$QDFKLHYDEOHJRDORUZLVKIXOWKLQNLQJ"´in/HHDQG0F&DQQHGV³5HJX
ODWLQJIRU'HFHQW:RUN,/2DQG3DOJUDYH´QRSUHOR'(9(77(5)52866($86³7KHLPSDFWRILQGXVWULDOL]DWLRQRQ
SDLG GRPHVWLF ZRUN 7KH FDVH RI )UDQFH´ in European Journal of Industrial Relations YRO 1R SS :,1'(
%$1.-³2XWVRXUFLQJZRPHQ¶VGRPHVWLFODERXUWKHFKqTXHHPSORLVHUYLFHXQLYHUVHOLQ)UDQFH´inJournal of European Social Policy
)5207+(6+$'2:727+()25('20(67,&:25.$1'7+(,/2
UDWLQJWKHQDWXUHDQGYDULHW\RIWDVNVDVVRFLDWHGZLWKGRPHVWLFZRUNLVFKDUDFWHULVWLFRIWKHMREGHVFULSWLRQV
RIIHPDOHGRPLQDWHGRFFXSDWLRQVDQGUHIOHFWLYHRIJHQGHUELDV7KHMREGHVFULSWLRQVRIPDOHGRPLQDWHGMREV
WHQGLQGHHGWREHPRUHFRPSUHKHQVLYHDQGPRUHDFFXUDWHLQFDSWXULQJWKHYDULRXVGLPHQVLRQVRIWKHFRQWHQW
RIDMRE
7KHLPSUHFLVLRQ LQ WKH GHVFULSWLRQ RI WKH ZRUNHU¶V GXWLHV LV DQLQGLFDWRU LWVHOI RI WKH ORZ YDOXH DQG
QRQSURGXFWLYHQDWXUHDWWULEXWHGWRGRPHVWLFZRUN,WPLUURUVWKHSHUFHSWLRQRIZRUNZKLFKGRHVQRWUHTXLUH
DQ\VSHFLILFVNLOOVRUFRPSHWHQFLHVGRHVQRWHQWDLODQ\UHVSRQVLELOLW\LVQRWGHPDQGLQJHLWKHULQWHUPVRI
SK\VLFDOPHQWDORUSV\FKRORJLFDOHIIRUWDQGLVFDUULHGRXWLQDFRPIRUWDEOHDQGULVNIUHHZRUNLQJHQYLURQ
PHQW7KHIDFWWKDWWKHFRPSHWHQFLHVDQGVNLOOVDUHDFTXLUHGLQIRUPDOO\LQWKHGRPHVWLFDUHQDIURPRWKHU
ZRPHQUHLQIRUFHVWKHLPDJHRIGRPHVWLFZRUNDVZRUNZKLFKDQ\ERG\FDQGRDQGZKLFKLVDSWIRUZRPHQ
7KHVHLPDJHVFRQFHDOWKHUHDOLW\RIDZRUNZKLFKFDQEHYHU\VWUHQXRXVSK\VLFDOO\PHQWDOO\DQGHPRWLRQ
DOO\HVSHFLDOO\ZKHQFDUHZRUNLVLQYROYHGDQGZKLFKUHTXLUHVPXOWLWDVNLQJDQGDQDELOLW\WRSODQDQGRU
JDQL]H
7KHIDFWWKDWKLVWRULFDOO\OLYHLQGRPHVWLFZRUNHUVKDYHEHHQUHPXQHUDWHGWKURXJKLQNLQGSD\PHQWV
DQGWKDWWKHODWWHUXVHGWRFRQVWLWXWHDQGLQPDQ\FRXQWULHVVWLOOUHSUHVHQWDVXEVWDQWLDOSRUWLRQRIWKHZKROH
UHPXQHUDWLRQLVDQRWKHULOOXVWUDWLRQRIWKHORZVWDWXVRIWKLVZRUN
7KHYDJXHQHVVDQGDSSUR[LPDWLRQLQGHVFULELQJZKDWWKHMRERIDGRPHVWLFZRUNHULQYROYHVKDVFRQVL
GHUDEOHSLWIDOOV7KHILUVWSUREOHPLVWKDWWKHOLVWRIWDVNVWREHSHUIRUPHGPD\GLODWHHQGOHVVO\ZLWKQHJDWLYH
LPSOLFDWLRQVIRUWKHZRUNHU¶VSHUIRUPDQFHZHOOEHLQJDQGKHUIDPLO\RUSULYDWHOLIH,QVXFKDQLQVWDQFHWKH
JUHDWHUHIILFLHQF\RIWKHZRUNHUGRHVQRWWUDQVODWHLQWRPRUHWLPHWRUHVWEXWUDWKHULQDGGLWLRQDOZRUNWREH
H[HFXWHG$QRWKHUDVVRFLDWHGULVNPD\EHWKDWWKHGRPHVWLFZRUNHUPD\EHUHTXLUHGRQWRSDQGDERYHWKHLU
KRXVHNHHSLQJDQGFDULQJDVVLJQPHQWVZLWKLQWKHKRXVHKROGWRFOHDQWKHSUHPLVHVRIWKHEXVLQHVVUXQE\WKH
KRXVHKROGRUWR³KHOSRXW´IRUDIHZKRXUVDGD\LQWKHHPSOR\HU¶VVKRSRUIDUP7KLVLVPRUHOLNHO\WRKDS
SHQZKHQWKHKRXVHKROGDOVRKRVWVWKHIDPLO\¶VEXVLQHVV
7KHDEVHQFHRIDSUHFLVHGHVFULSWLRQRIWKHGXWLHVWKDWDUHWREHSHUIRUPHGE\GRPHVWLFZRUNHUVQRW
RQO\UHQGHUVWKHLUZRUNLQJKRXUVDQGZRUNLQJVFKHGXOHVH[WUHPHO\³HODVWLF´EXWWRJHWKHUZLWKWKHDOOHJHG
XQSUHGLFWDELOLW\RIWKHKRXVHKROGV¶QHHGVLWEHFRPHVDQDUJXPHQWWRGHQ\OLYHLQGRPHVWLFZRUNHUVWKHSUR
WHFWLRQRIDPLQLPXPZDJH,Q+RQJ.RQJIRULQVWDQFHOLYHLQGRPHVWLFZRUNHUVKDYHEHHQH[HPSWHGIURP
WKHVFRSHRIWKHUHFHQWO\LQWURGXFHGQDWLRQDOPLQLPXPZDJHEHFDXVHRIWKHLUGLVWLQFWLYHZRUNSDWWHUQDQG
WKH GLIILFXOW\ LQ GHWHUPLQLQJ WKHLU ZRUNLQJ KRXUV 7KH ODWWHU DVVXPHV WKDW WKH KRXVHKROGV¶ QHHGV DOZD\V
SUHYDLORYHUWKRVHRIWKHZRUNHUVDQGWKDWWKHVHDUHH[SHFWHGWRSHUIRUPWKHLUGXWLHVZLWKWKHVDPHGHYRWLRQ
RI WKH SDUHQWV RI WKH FKLOGUHQ ZKRP WKH\ ORRN DIWHU 'RPHVWLF ZRUNHUV EHFRPH WKHQ ³VXEVWLWXWH PRWKHUV´
LQVWHDGRIZRUNHUVLQDQHPSOR\PHQWUHODWLRQVKLS
Employers of Domestic Workers: Employers Like no Other
'RPHVWLFZRUNHUVDUHDPRQJVWWKHIHZFDWHJRULHVRIZRUNHUVZKRVHHPSOR\HULVW\SLFDOO\FRQVLGHUHGWREHD
ZRPDQ 7KLV LV FRQVLVWHQW ZLWK WKH SHUFHSWLRQ WKDWZRUN LQ WKH KRXVH LV WKHWUDGLWLRQDOUHVSRQVLELOLW\ RI
ZRPHQ HYHQ ZKHQ ZRUN LV RXWVRXUFHG DQG UHJDUGOHVV RI ZKR SD\V IRU LW 7KLV KDV D QXPEHU RI FRQVH
&+,&+$ 07 Promoting Equity. Gender neutral job evaluation for equal pay: A step-by-step guide SS ,/2
*HQHYD
6$5$68$&³:HUH6HUYDQWV3DLGDFFRUGLQJWRWKHLU3URGXFWLYLW\"´in)$89(&+$028;$RSFLWSS
5$0,5(=0$&+$'2 -0 ³'RPHVWLF ZRUN FRQGLWLRQV RI ZRUN DQG HPSOR\PHQW D OHJDO SHUVSHFWLYH´ in Conditions of
Work and EmploymentVHULHV1R,/2*HQHYDGLVSRQtYHOHPKWWSZZZLORRUJSXEOLFHQJOLVKSURWHFWLRQFRQGWUDY
/&3DSHU1R&%5HSRUWRIWKH%LOOV&RPPLWWHHRQ0LQLPXP:DJH%LOO
.,1*'(-$5',1$PHOLWDWorking hours in domestic work7UDYDLO¶V3ROLF\EULHIQRSUHOR
6HH 6$1&+(6 6 ³(O WUDEDMR GRPpVWLFR HQ %UDVLO´ in 9DOHQ]XHOD 0( HG Trabajadoras Domésticas: Un largo
camino hacia el trabajo decente6DQWLDJR,/2
6HH67$6,8/,6'%$.$1$Negotiating Citizenship: Migrant Women in Canada and the Global System, 8QLYHUVLW\
RI7RURQWR3UHVVS7RURQWR
0DQXHOD7RPHL
TXHQFHV)LUVWDVWKHWDVNVLQYROYHGLQGRPHVWLFZRUNFRUUHVSRQGWRZKDWLVH[SHFWHGRIWKHZRPDQLQWKH
IDPLO\WKHODWWHUWHQGVQRWWRSHUFHLYHGRPHVWLFZRUNDV³UHDO´ZRUNDQGGRPHVWLFZRUNHUVDVUHDO³ZRUN
HUV´
6HFRQGWKHIDFWWKDWGRPHVWLFZRUNHUVWHQGWREHORQJWRGLVDGYDQWDJHGJURXSVFRQWULEXWHVWRGLPLQ
LVKLQJIXUWKHUWKHYDOXHRIZRUNWKH\SHUIRUPWRWKHH\HVRIWKHZRPDQHPSOR\HUDQGHQWUHQFKHVWKHODWWHU¶V
YLHZWKDWVKHLVGRLQJDIDYRXUWRWKHZRUNHUE\RIIHULQJKHUVRPHZRUNDQGLQVRPHLQVWDQFHVDOVRIRRG
DQGORGJLQJWKHUHE\VKHOWHULQJKHUIURPSRYHUW\RUGHVWLWXWLRQ
7KLUGLQWKHDEVHQFHRIPHDQLQJIXOODERXUOHJLVODWLRQWKHWHUPVDQGFRQGLWLRQVRIHPSOR\PHQWRIWKH
GRPHVWLFZRUNHUDUHVHWWKURXJK³ZRUGRIPRXWK´PHFKDQLVPVZKLFKGUDZRQWKHLQIRUPDWLRQJDWKHUHGIURP
IULHQGVDQGQHLJKERXUVDQGGHSHQGRQWKHVHQVHRIIDLUQHVVRIWKHLQGLYLGXDOHPSOR\HU7KLVPD\KROGSDU
WLFXODUO\WUXHIRUWKRVHHPSOR\HUVZKRGRQRWSDUWLFLSDWHLQWKHODERXUPDUNHWDQGPD\WKHUHIRUHQRWEHYHU\
FRQYHUVDQWZLWKODERXUOHJLVODWLRQ
)RXUWK HPSOR\HUV WHQG QRW WR FRQVLGHU WKHPVHOYHV DV HPSOR\HUV HLWKHU DQG PD\ WKHUHIRUHIHHO RI
IHQGHGRUEHWUD\HGLIDGRPHVWLFZRUNHUFRPSODLQVDERXWWKHORZZDJHVSDLGRUWKHQRQUHVSHFWE\WKHHP
SOR\HU RIWKH ZRUN VFKHGXOH ZKLFK KDGEHHQ DJUHHGZLWK KHU RU GHFLGHV WR TXLWWKH KRXVHKROGLQ RUGHUWR
DFFHSWDEHWWHUSDLGMRELQDQRWKHUKRPH
:RUNLQJLQWKHKRPHRIRWKHUSHRSOHIRUSD\UDLVHVDQXPEHURIFKDOOHQJHVLQFOXGLQJLQUHVSHFWRIWKH
HQIRUFHPHQWRIODERXUODZV3DLGGRPHVWLFZRUNSRVHVUHVWULFWLRQVRQWKHSULYDF\RIERWKWKHHPSOR\HUDQG
WKHGRPHVWLFZRUNHUHVSHFLDOO\ZKHQWKHODWWHUZRUNVDQGOLYHVLQWKHHPSOR\HU¶VKRXVHKROG,QWKHDEVHQFH
RIFOHDUVDIHJXDUGVWKHIUHHGRPRIWKHVHZRUNHUVPD\EHVHYHUHO\FRQVWUDLQHGH[DFHUEDWLQJWKHLULVRODWLRQ
IURPIULHQGVDQGUHODWLYHVZKLFKLVLQKHUHQWLQOLYHLQZRUNDQGZLWKQHJDWLYHLPSOLFDWLRQVIRUWKHLUKHDOWK
DQGVDIHW\
)URP WKH HPSOR\HU¶V YLHZSRLQW WKH ULJKW WR SULYDF\ RI WKH KRXVHKROGV¶ PHPEHUV PD\ FROOLGH ZLWK
ZRUNHUV¶ULJKWVZKHQLQVSHFWLRQYLVLWVPD\EHUHTXLUHGWRYHULI\WKDWODERXUODZVDUHHQIRUFHG7KHLQYLROD
ELOLW\RIWKHSULYDF\RIWKHKRPHLVLQIDFWDSULQFLSOHHQVKULQHGLQWKH&RQVWLWXWLRQVRIPDQ\FRXQWULHVEXWD
QXPEHURIFRXQWULHVKDYHSXWLQSODFHVSHFLDODUUDQJHPHQWVWKDWDOORZXQGHUVWULFWFRQGLWLRQVWKHLQVSHFWLRQ
RIDSULYDWHKRPHWKDWFRLQFLGHVZLWKDZRUNSODFH
Domestic workers: less equal than other workers
,QSUHSDUDWLRQWRWKHVWDQGDUGVHWWLQJLWHPRQGHFHQWZRUNIRUGRPHVWLFZRUNHUVWKH,/2FDUULHGRXWDGH
WDLOHGFRPSDUDWLYHUHYLHZRIWKHOHJLVODWLRQRIRYHUPHPEHU6WDWHVWKDWPDNHXSRYHUSHUFHQWRIWKH
ZRUOG¶VSRSXODWLRQ:KLOHWKHH[WHQWRILQFOXVLRQRUH[FOXVLRQRIGRPHVWLFZRUNHUVIRUPWKHSURWHFWLRQRI
ODERXUODZYDULHVDFURVVFRXQWULHVDVKDUHGIHDWXUHLVWKHLQHTXDOLW\RIWUHDWPHQWRIWKHVHZRUNHUVLQUHJDUG
WRRWKHUZRUNHUV7KLVEHLQJVDLGLWLVLPSRUWDQWWRDFNQRZOHGJHWKDWVRPHLQQRYDWLYHVSHFLILFUHJXODWLRQ
RQGRPHVWLFZRUNKDVHPHUJHGRULVLQSUHSDUDWLRQLQDQXPEHURIFRXQWULHVUHJLRQVWKDWSURYLGHDYDOXDEOH
VRXUFHRILQVSLUDWLRQIRUQDWLRQDOOHJDODFWLRQLQRWKHUFRXQWULHVDVZHOO,QWKHQH[WSDJHVZHH[DPLQHWZR
SROLF\DUHDVWKDWEHDUVSHFLDOUHOHYDQFHIRUGRPHVWLFZRUNHUVRFFXSDWLRQDOKHDOWKDQGVDIHW\DQGZRUNDQG
IDPLO\UHFRQFLOLDWLRQDQGPDWHUQLW\SURWHFWLRQ
Occupational Health and Safety
2QHEUDQFKRIODERXUODZLQZKLFKWKHH[FOXVLRQRIGRPHVWLFZRUNHUVLVPRVWHJUHJLRXVZRUOGZLGHLVRFFX
SDWLRQDOVDIHW\DQGKHDOWKOHJLVODWLRQDFURVVWKHZRUOG7KLVLVFRQVLVWHQWZLWKWKHLGHDVRIFRV\QHVVDQGFRP
IRUWZKLFKDUHW\SLFDOO\DVVRFLDWHGZLWKWKHKRPHLQWKHSXEOLFLPDJHU\DQGWKHSHUFHSWLRQRIKRPHQRWDVD
ZRUNSODFH%HFDXVHGRPHVWLFZRUNLVFRQQHFWHGZLWKQRUPDODFWLYLWLHVWKDWRFFXUZLWKLQWKHUHDOPRIWKH
'20(67,&:25.(5681,7('$1''$7$&(17(5Home is where the work is: Inside New York’s Domestic Work
Industry-XO\
,/25HSRUW,9Decent Work for Domestic Workers,,/&WKVHVVLRQSS
)5207+(6+$'2:727+()25('20(67,&:25.$1'7+(,/2
IDPLO\LWWHQGVHUURQHRXVO\WREHSHUFHLYHGDVVDIH1HYHUWKHOHVVULVNVRIZRUNUHODWHGLQMXULHVDUHVLJQLIL
FDQWDQGYDULHGDQGLQFUHDVHZLWKWKHHPSOR\HH¶VIDWLJXHUHVXOWLQJIURPORQJZRUNLQJKRXUV'RPHVWLFZRUN
W\SLFDOO\ LQFOXGHV UHSHWLWLYH PRYHPHQWV LQFOXGLQJ VLJQLILFDQW EHQGLQJ DQG UHDFKLQJ KHDY\ OLIWLQJ SXVKLQJ
ZKHHOFKDLUVZRUNLQJZLWKH[WUHPHVRIKHDWFRRNLQJLURQLQJVKDUSREMHFWVNQLYHVKDQGOLQJSRWHQWLDOO\
WR[LF FOHDQLQJ SURGXFWV XVLQJ IDXOW\ HOHFWULF DSSOLDQFHV KDQGOLQJ LQDSSURSULDWH WRROV RU HTXLSPHQW SUR
ORQJHGH[SRVXUHWRGXVWDQGHPRWLRQDOO\GHPDQGLQJWDVNVVXFKDVVXSSRUWLQJGLVDEOHGFKLOGUHQ$VWXG\LQ
6DOYDGRU%UD]LOIRXQGRXWVWDWLVWLFDOO\VLJQLILFDQWGLIIHUHQFHVEHWZHHQGRPHVWLFZRUNHUVDQGRWKHURFFXSD
WLRQVLQUHVSHFWRIQRQIDWDOLQMXULHV7KHIRUPHUZHUHUHSRUWHGWRKDYHDKLJKHUDQQXDOLQFLGHQFHRIQRQIDWDO
ZRUNDQGZKLOHKDOIRIWKHLQMXULHVZHUHQRWUHODWHGWRORQJWHUPGLVDELOLWLHVRIVXUYH\HGGRPHVWLF
ZRUNHUVUHSRUWHGQRWEHLQJDEOHWRUHWXUQWRZRUNDIWHUWZRZHHNV
:KLOHULVNIDFWRUVPD\EHVLPLODUWRWKRVHGRFXPHQWHGIRUFOHDQHUVFRRNVDQGFDUHJLYHUVLQLQVWLWX
WLRQDOVHWWLQJVRXWVLGHRIWKHKRPHWKHULVNRILQMXU\PD\EHKLJKHUIRUGRPHVWLFZRUNHUVVLQFHWKH\FDQQRW
UHO\RQFRZRUNHUVIRUDGYLFHDQGDVVLVWDQFHLQRUGHUWROLIWKHDY\LWHPVRULQGLYLGXDOVRUFOHDQZLQGRZV$Q
DGGLWLRQDO VRXUFH RI ULVN LV WKH HPSOR\HUV WKHPVHOYHV HVSHFLDOO\ ZKHQ WKHVH DUH LQGLYLGXDO HPSOR\HUV DV
WKH\PD\QRWEHDZDUHRIWKHRFFXSDWLRQDOKD]DUGVRIKRXVHZRUNWKHWRROVWKDWVKRXOGEHXVHGDQGWKHPDQ
QHULQZKLFKWKH\VKRXOGEHKDQGOHGWRSUHYHQWVXFKKD]DUGVWRRFFXU$QRWKHUSUREOHPUHODWHVWRWKHIDFW
WKDWKRPHVDUHQRWODLGRXWWRPHHW26+VWDQGDUGVRUUHTXLUHPHQWVEXWWRKRVWIDPLO\PHPEHUVDQGWKHLUOLIH
WUDMHFWRULHVZKLFKH[SODLQVZK\KRPHVDUHRIWHQUHSOHWHZLWKRFFXSDWLRQDOKD]DUGV$QRWKHUFRQVLGHUDWLRQ
ZKLFKQHHGVWREHERUQLQPLQGLVWKDWWKHLQWHUHVWVRIKRXVHKROGPHPEHUVDQGWKRVHRIGRPHVWLFZRUNHUV
PD\EHFRQIOLFWLQJ:KLOHWKHIRUPHUPD\DLPDWSUHVHUYLQJWKHLUDXWRQRP\DQGSULYDF\WKHODWWHUPD\DV
SLUHWRJUHDWHUIXQFWLRQDOLW\DQGVDIHW\
9XOQHUDELOLW\WRWKHVHULVNVLVQRWVSUHDGHYHQO\DFURVVGRPHVWLFZRUNHUVWKRXJKDQGPD\EHKLJKHU
DPRQJPLJUDQWGRPHVWLFZRUNHUVDQGFKLOGZRUNHUV/DFNRINQRZOHGJHRIORFDOFOHDQLQJSURGXFWVDQGORFDO
ODQJXDJHFDQSRVHKHDOWKULVNVDQGVRPHZRUNHUVUHSRUWDVVRFLDWHGVWRPDFKDQGUHVSLUDWRU\SUREOHPV )RU
\RXQJHU ZRUNHUV ORQJ DQG XQSUHGLFWDEOH ZRUNLQJ KRXUV PHDQV DPRQJ RWKHUV GHSULYLQJ WKHP RI VOHHS DV
ZHOODVRIWKHSRVVLELOLW\RIFRPSOHWLQJFRPSXOVRU\VFKRROLQJRUIXUWKHULQJWKHLUHGXFDWLRQRUYLVLWLQJWKHLU
IDPLOLHVRUIULHQGV/RRNLQJDIWHUIUDLOPHPEHUVRIWKHIDPLO\PD\EHFRPHDVRXUFHRIFRQVLGHUDEOHVWUHVV
DQG DQ[LHW\ IRU FKLOG ZRUNHUV ZLWK SUHMXGLFLDO FRQVHTXHQFHV IRU WKHLU SK\VLFDO PHQWDO DQG SV\FKRORJLFDO
GHYHORSPHQW
/LYHLQVFRQVWLWXWHVDQRWKHUJURXSRIGRPHVWLFZRUNHUVDWVSHFLDOULVNIRUWKHYHU\IDFWWKDWWKH\OLYH
ZKHUHWKH\ZRUNDQGWKHIURQWLHUEHWZHHQZRUNDQGSULYDWHOLIHWKXVEHFRPHVEOXUUHGLQWKHDEVHQFHRIDS
SURSULDWHVDIHJXDUGV7KHSUR[LPLW\DQGLQWLPDF\EHWZHHQWKHHPSOR\HUDQGWKHZRUNHULQKHUHQWWRWKLVHP
SOR\PHQW UHODWLRQVKLS FRPELQHG ZLWK WKH IUDJLOLW\ RU SRZHUOHVVQHVV RI PDQ\ GRPHVWLF ZRUNHUV VWHPPLQJ
IURPHLWKHUWKHLU\RXQJDJHRUWKHLULUUHJXODUPLJUDQWVWDWXVPDNHWKHPHDV\SUH\RIDEXVHDQGYLROHQFHDW
ZRUN7KHSK\VLFDOSUHVHQFHRIGRPHVWLFZRUNHUVDOOGD\DQG\HDUURXQGPD\DOVRGLVFRXUDJHWKHHPSOR\HU
WRRUJDQL]HWKHZRUNRIKHUHPSOR\HHLQDQHIILFLHQWPDQQHUDQGPD\FRPSHOKHUWRUHVRUWWRWKHZRUNHU
KRXUVGD\GD\VD\HDU
6LQFHWKHDGRSWLRQE\WKH,/2RIWKH+RPH:RUNHUV¶&RQYHQWLRQ¶VLQDZDUHQHVVRIWKHRFFXSD
WLRQDOKHDOWKDQGVDIHW\ULVNVDVVRFLDWHGZLWKKRXVHKROGZRUNDQGRIWKHQHHGIRUUHJXODWRU\PHFKDQLVPVDQG
SUDFWLFDO VDIHW\ DQG KHDOWK LPSURYHPHQW PHDVXUHV KDV EHHQ JURZLQJ 7KH ,/2 KDV SOD\HG LWV SDUW LQ WKLV
SURFHVV 5HJXODWLQJ DQG HQIRUFLQJ RFFXSDWLRQDO KHDOWK DQG VDIHW\ KRZHYHU LV IUDXJKW ZLWK FKDOOHQJHV
LQFOXGLQJWKHGLIILFXOW\RIFRQVLGHULQJWKHKRXVHKROGDVDZRUNVLWHWKHILQDQFLDOFRVWRIDGDSWLQJWKHOLYLQJ
6HH60,7+35³Aging and Caring in the Home: Regulating Paid Domesticity in the Twenty-First Century´in,RZD
6 6$17$1$ 9LOPD et al. ³(PSUHJR HP VHUYLoRV GRPpVWLFRV H DFLGHQWHV GH WUDEDOKR QmR IDWDLV+RXVHPDLGV DQG QRQIDWDO
$/1$--$5 6 Women migrant domestic workers in Bahrain in International Migration Papers, 1R -XQHS 6HH.$:$.$0,7et al Work Improvement for Safe Home: Action manual for improving safety, health and working
/DZ5HYLHZSS±
RFFXSDWLRQDOLQMXULHV´in Saúde Pública)HEYROQRSS±
,/2*HQHYD
conditions of home workers,/2%DQJNRN
0DQXHOD7RPHL
HQYLURQPHQWVRIKRXVHKROGVWRPLQLPL]HWKHRFFXUUHQFHRIRFFXSDWLRQDOKD]DUGVDQGWKHOHJDODQGDGPLQLV
WUDWLYHEDUULHUVWRZDUGVFRQYHQWLRQDOPHDQVRIYHULILFDWLRQRIFRPSOLDQFHZLWKWKHODZLQSULYDWHKRXVHKROGV
6LPSO\VWDWLQJWKDWWKHHPSOR\HUKDVDQREOLJDWLRQWRSURYLGHDVDIHDQGZRUNLQJHQYLURQPHQWZLWKRXW
SURYLGLQJ DUHJXODWRU\ IUDPHZRUN WR JLYH LW PHDQLQJ PD\ QRW KHOSHLWKHU SDUW\ WR HQJDJH PHDQLQJIXOO\ LQ
DFFLGHQWSUHYHQWLRQZKLFKLVDWWKHFRUHRIUHJXODWLQJVDIHW\DQGKHDOWK3UHLQVSHFWLRQKRPHYLVLWVWRLGHQ
WLI\SRVVLEOHRFFXSDWLRQDOKD]DUGVDQGWRVXEMHFWWKHSODFHPHQWRIDGRPHVWLFZRUNHUWRWKHHOLPLQDWLRQRU
UHGXFWLRQRIWKRVHKD]DUGVZKLOHSURYLGLQJWRWKHPRVWQHHG\KRXVHKROGSXEOLFIXQGLQJWRPDNHWKHUHTXLUHG
DGMXVWPHQWVSRVVLEOHKDYHSURYHQWREHHIIHFWLYH7UDLQLQJWRGRPHVWLFZRUNHUVPD\DOVRSURYHKHOSIXO
Work and Family and Maternity Protection
0DWHUQLW\SURWHFWLRQQDPHO\DFFHVVWRWKHPHDVXUHVDQGSURWHFWLRQVWKDWFRXOGHQVXUHVDIHDQGKHDOWK\SUHJ
QDQFLHVDQGELUWKVLQFRPHUHSODFHPHQWZKLOHRQPDWHUQLW\OHDYHDQGWKHULJKWWRUHWXUQWRRQH¶VMREDIWHU
FRQILQHPHQWLVRIHVVHQFHIRUGRPHVWLFZRUNHUVZKRDUHSUHGRPLQDQWO\ZRPHQ7KHFRPSDUDWLYHOHJDOUH
YLHZFDUULHGRXWE\WKH,/2DVSDUWRIWKHSUHSDUDWLRQWRZDUGVDQHZLQWHUQDWLRQDOQRUPRQGRPHVWLFZRUN
IRXQGRXWWKDWPRVWRIWKH,/2PHPEHU6WDWHVUHYLHZHGLQFOXGHVRPHKRZGRPHVWLFZRUNHUVZLWKLQJHQHUDO
PDWHUQLW\SURWHFWLRQVFKHPHV,QDQXPEHURIFRXQWULHVOHJDOUHIRUPVDUHXQGHUZD\LQRUGHUWRDIIRUGGR
PHVWLFZRUNHUVDWSDUZLWKRWKHUZRUNHUVHPSOR\PHQWSURWHFWLRQGXULQJDQGLPPHGLDWHO\DIWHUSUHJQDQF\
DVZHOODVSDLGPDWHUQLW\OHDYHDQGHYHQSDWHUQLW\OHDYHIRUPDOHGRPHVWLF/RZHUWUHDWPHQWKRZHYHUPD\
SHUVLVW LQ UHVSHFW RI WKH HQWLWOHPHQWV FRQFHUQLQJ EUHDVWIHHGLQJ DQG DFFHVV WR ZRUNIDPLO\ UHFRQFLOLDWLRQ
PHDVXUHV
'HVSLWHOHJDODQGFRQWUDFWXDOHQWLWOHPHQWVWRPDWHUQLW\SURWHFWLRQLQPDQ\FRXQWULHVSUHJQDQFLHVRIWHQ
UHVXOWLQWKHGLVPLVVDORIWKHZRUNHU,Q0H[LFRIRULQVWDQFHDVWXG\UHYHDOHGWKDWODZHQIRUFHPHQWZDV
SDUWLFXODUO\SUREOHPDWLFLQWKHFDVHRISUHJQDQWGRPHVWLFZRUNHUVZKRUHSRUWHGDKLJKHUUDWHRISUHJQDQF\
EDVHGGLVPLVVDOVWKDQWKHLUSHHUVLQRWKHURFFXSDWLRQV
7KHUHDUHDOVRLVVXHVRIRFFXSDWLRQDOKHDOWKDQGVDIHW\WKDWDFTXLUHIXUWKHULPSRUWDQFHZKHQSUHJQDQW
GRPHVWLFZRUNHUVDUHFRQFHUQHG/RQJZRUNLQJKRXUVWKDWDUHW\SLFDORIOLYHLQZRUNHUVSURORQJHGVWDQGLQJ
DQGFDUU\LQJKHDY\ZHLJKWVKDYHEHHQIRXQGWRLQFUHDVHWKHULVNRISUHWHUPDQGORZELUWKZHLJKW
$VGLVFXVVHGHDUOLHUGRPHVWLFZRUNHUVDUHRIWHQH[SHFWHGWRSHUIRUPWKHUROHRI³VXEVWLWXWHPRWKHUV´
DQGWRVXUUHQGHUWKHLUSULYDWHOLIH'RPHVWLFZRUNHUVPD\QRWEHVHHQDVPRWKHUVDQGGDXJKWHUVHQWLWOHGWRD
SHUVRQDORUIDPLO\OLIH7KLVLVSDUWLFXODUO\WKHFDVHRIPLJUDQWGRPHVWLFZRUNHUVZKRLQRUGHUWRWDNHXS
GRPHVWLFZRUNOHDYHWKHLUFKLOGUHQEHKLQGDQGDVNJUDQGSDUHQWVWRWDNHFDUHRIWKHPRUDOWHUQDWLYHO\PD\
SODFHWKHPLQRUSKDQDJHV7KLVSRLQWVWRWKHFUXFLDOLPSRUWDQFHWKDWVHWWLQJPLQLPXPVWDQGDUGVLQUHVSHFWRI
ZRUNLQJ KRXUV GDLO\ DQG ZHHNO\ DQG UHVW HPHUJHQF\ OHDYH DQG DQQXDO SDLG OHDYH DFTXLUH IRU SHUPLWWLQJ
GRPHVWLFZRUNHUVWRUHFRQFLOLDWLRQWKHLUSDLGZRUNZLWKWKHLUIDPLO\DQGSULYDWHUHVSRQVLELOLWLHV
6HH60,7+³Aging and Caring in the Home: Regulating Paid Domesticity in the Twenty-First Century´in Iowa Law
ReviewSS±
+80$15,*+76:$7&+Abuses against Female Migrant Domestic Workers in Indonesia and Malaysia.
,/25HSRUW,9Decent Work for Domestic Workers,,/&WKVHVVLRQSS
/83,&$&³'HVSURWHFFLyQGHODPDWHUQLGDGHQHOWUDEDMRGRPpVWLFRUHPXQHUDGR6yORXQDFXHVWLyQGHOH\"´in Boletín de la
maternidad1R2FWXEUHGH2EVHUYDWRULRGHOD0DWHUQLGDGSS
(67$'2681,'260(;,&$126Iniciativa con proyecto de Decreto que reforma y adiciona diversas disposiciones
202.+2',21 )2 et al. ³3DLG ZRUN GRPHVWLF ZRUN DQG RWKHU GHWHUPLQDQWV RI SUHJQDQF\ RXWFRPH LQ ,EDGDQ
67()21, & ³0LJUDFLyQ JpQHUR \ VHUYLFLR GRPpVWLFR 0XMHUHV SHUXDQDV HQ &KLOH´ in 9$/(1=8(/$ 0( 025$ 9
de la Ley Federal del trabajo relativa a las trabajadoras y los Trabajadores del Hogar
VRXWKZHVW1LJHULD´ in Int.J Gynecol ObstetGRLMLMJR
HGV³7UDEDMRGRPpVWLFRXQODUJRFDPLQRKDFLDHOWUDEDMRGHFHQWH´SSS,/26DQWLDJR
)5207+(6+$'2:727+()25('20(67,&:25.$1'7+(,/2
)URPLQYLVLELOLW\WRUHFRJQLWLRQDQGUHVSHFW
Domestic Work: And Old Concern of the ILO
'RPHVWLFZRUNKDVEHHQDQ,/2FRQFHUQVLQFHLWVHDUO\GD\V$OUHDG\LQWKH,/2DGRSWHGD5HVROXWLRQ
FRQFHUQLQJWKHFRQGLWLRQVRIHPSOR\PHQWRIGRPHVWLFZRUNHUV,QLWDGRSWHGD5HVROXWLRQFDOOLQJIRU
QRUPDWLYH DFWLRQ LQWKLV DUHD ,Q WKH ILUVW VXUYH\ HYHU SXEOLVKHG RQ WKH VWDWXV RI GRPHVWLF ZRUNHUV
DFURVVWKHZRUOGPDGHLWVDSSHDUDQFH:KLOHKLJKOLJKWLQJWKHVXEVWDQGDUGZRUNLQJFRQGLWLRQVRIGRPHVWLF
ZRUNHUVDQGWKHLUOHJDOYXOQHUDELOLW\ZKLFKOHGWKHVXUYH\WRFDOOXSRQWKH,/2WRUHGUHVVWKLVVLWXDWLRQDVD
PDWWHURIXUJHQF\WKHVXUYH\QRQHWKHOHVVXSKHOGWKHYLHZWKDWRYHUWLPHGRPHVWLFZRUNZDVGHVWLQHGWR
GHFOLQHLQLPSRUWDQFH5LVLQJOLYLQJVWDQGDUGVDQGWHFKQRORJLFDOSURJUHVVE\PDNLQJXQSDLGKRXVHKROGZRUN
OHVV VWUHQXRXV DQG WLPHFRQVXPLQJ ZRXOG KDYH FRQWULEXWHG WR LWV LUUHYHUVLEOH GHFOLQH +LVWRU\ KDV SURYHQ
WKDWZURQJ&RQVHUYDWLYHHVWLPDWHVSXWWKHQXPEHURIGRPHVWLFZRUNHUVWRGD\DWDERYHPLOOLRQEXWWKH
DYDLODEOHHYLGHQFHVXJJHVWVWKDWGRPHVWLFZRUNLVOLNHO\WRJURZIXUWKHULQWKHIXWXUH XQGHUWKHSUHVVXUHRI
GHPRJUDSKLF DQG VRFLHWDO FKDQJHV ZLGHQLQJ LQFRPH LQHTXDOLWLHV IDPLO\XQIULHQGO\ ZRUNSODFH DQG
LQDGHTXDWHSXEOLFSROLFLHV
,QWHUHVW LQ GRPHVWLF ZRUN UHHPHUJHG RQ WKH ,/2¶V DJHQGD ,Q WKH V LQ WKH FRQWH[W RI LWV ZRUN
GXULQJDQGDIWHUWKHDSDUWKHLGHUDLQ6RXWK$IULFD2QWKDWRFFDVLRQWKH,/2¶VIRFXVZDVRQWKHH[WHQVLRQRI
WKHFRYHUDJHRIODERXUDQGVRFLDOVHFXULW\ODZVWRGRPHVWLFZRUNHUVDJULFXOWXUDOZRUNHUVDQGZRUNHUVLQWKH
SXEOLFVHFWRU
6LQFH WKHQ WKH ZRUN RI WKH ,/2 KDV H[SDQGHG WR HPEUDFH FRQFHUQV DERXW GRPHVWLF ZRUN LQ RWKHU
FRXQWULHVDQGUHJLRQVDQGKDVFHQWUHGRQFKLOGODERXUIRUFHGODERXUJHQGHUHTXDOLW\DQGQRQGLVFULPLQDWLRQ
DQGODERXUPLJUDWLRQ7KHFDPSDLJQZKLFKWKH,/2FDUULHGRXWLQWKHPLGVWRSURPRWHWKHUDWLILFDWLRQ
RIWKHIXQGDPHQWDO&RQYHQWLRQVDQGWKHIROORZXSWRWKHVXEVHTXHQWDGRSWLRQRIWKH'HFODUDWLRQKDYH
EHHQLQVWUXPHQWDOLQVKHGGLQJPRUHOLJKWRQWKLVW\SHRIZRUNDQGLWVVLJQLILFDQFHWRKLJKPLGGOHDQGORZ
LQFRPHFRXQWULHVDOLNH,WKDVUHYHDOHGWKHFKDQJLQJSURILOHRIGRPHVWLFZRUNHUVDQGWKHLUHPSOR\HUVDQGWKH
YDULHW\RIHPSOR\PHQWDUUDQJHPHQWVDQGRIUHFUXLWPHQWDJHQWVDQGSURFHVVHV7KH,/2¶VZRUNRQFKLOGOD
ERXUKDVKDGWKHPHULWDPRQJRWKHUVRIVKRZLQJWKDWGRPHVWLFZRUNFDQEHKD]DUGRXVDQGXQVDIHHVSH
FLDOO\IRUFKLOGGRPHVWLFZRUNHUVWKHUHE\GLVPLVVLQJWKHP\WKRIKRXVHKROGVDVQRQWKUHDWHQLQJZRUNVLWHV
,WKDVDOVRKHOSHGWRHQKDQFHWKHHIIHFWLYHQHVVRIHQIRUFHPHQWLQVWLWXWLRQVWKURXJKWKHFUHDWLRQRIQHZDQG
QRQFRQYHQWLRQDOPHFKDQLVPVRUWKHUHVWUXFWXULQJRIH[LVWLQJDJHQFLHV,/2¶VZRUNRQSURPRWLQJJHQGHU
HTXDOLW\KDVEHHQFUXFLDOLQVKRZLQJWKDWUHYDOXLQJWKHVRFLDODQGHFRQRPLFZRUWKRIGRPHVWLFZRUNPXVW
UHVRUWWRDFRPELQDWLRQRIOHJDOUHIRUPZLWKDZDUHQHVVUDLVLQJFDPSDLJQVDQGWKHRUJDQL]DWLRQRIGRPHVWLF
ZRUNHUV
7KLV5HVROXWLRQUHTXHVWHGWKH*RYHUQLQJ%RG\WRFRQVLGHUWKHDGYLVDELOLW\RI³SODFLQJRQWKHDJHQGDRIDQHDUO\VHVVLRQRIWKH
&RQIHUHQFHWKHZKROHTXHVWLRQRIWKHVWDWXVDQGHPSOR\PHQWRIGRPHVWLFZRUNHUV´,/25HFRUGRI3URFHHGLQJV,/&VW
6HVVLRQ $SSHQGL[ ;9,,, 5HVROXWLRQV DGRSWHG E\ WKH &RQIHUHQFH SS %HIRUH WKDW LQ WKH /DERXU
&RQIHUHQFH DGGUHVVHG GRPHVWLF ZRUNHUV HVSHFLDOO\ ZLWK UHJDUG WR WKHLU IXWXUH SRVVLEOH LQFOXVLRQLQ WKH &RQYHQWLRQ RQKROLGD\
ZLWKSD\,/25HFRUGRI3URFHHGLQJV,/&WK6HVVLRQ$SSHQGL[;9,5HVROXWLRQVDGRSWHGE\WKH&RQIHUHQFHS
,QWKH&RQIHUHQFHDGRSWHGDUHVROXWLRQFRQFHUQLQJWKHSURWHFWLRQRI\RXQJZRUNHUVGHDOLQJLDZLWKGRPHVWLFZRUN
7KH&RQIHUHQFHH[SUHVVHGWKHXUJHQWQHHGWRSURYLGHGRPHVWLFZRUNHUVZLWKWKHEDVLFHOHPHQWVRISURWHFWLRQZKLFKZRXOGDVVXUH
WKHPDPLQLPXPVWDQGDUGRIOLYLQJFRPSDWLEOHZLWKWKHVHOIUHVSHFWDQGGLJQLW\HVVHQWLDOWRVRFLDOMXVWLFHZLWKUHJDUGWRSODFLQJ
LWRQWKHDJHQGDRIWKHFRQIHUHQFH,/25HFRUGRI3URFHHGLQJV,/&WK6HVVLRQ$SSHQGL[;,,5HVROXWLRQVDGRSWHGE\
WKH&RQIHUHQFHSS
,/2The Employment and conditions of Domestic Workers in private households'%BBHQJO
,/2*%0DUFKS
,/2 5HFRUGV RI SURFHHGLQJV ,QWHUQDWLRQDO /DERXU &RQIHUHQFH (LJKWLHWK VHVVLRQ *HQHYD S
KWWSZZZLORRUJSXEOLFOLEGRFLOR3
,/2 Prevention and Elimination of Exploitative Child Domestic Work through Education and Training in Nicaragua and
Honduras (April 2004-January 2005),/2*HQHYD
,/2Combating Child Labour in the Domestic Work Sector in East Asia,/2*HQHYD
0DQXHOD7RPHL
The Decent Work Agenda: A Turning Point
7KHGHFLVLRQLQRILQFOXGLQJDVWDQGDUGVHWWLQJLWHPRQGHFHQWZRUNIRUGRPHVWLFZRUNHUVLVDFRQILU
PDWLRQRI,/2¶V'HFHQW:RUN$JHQGDUHVROYHWREULQJZRUNHUVRQFHGHHPHGWREHRXWVLGHRILWVFRQVWLWX
HQF\LQWRLWVPDLQVWUHDPZRUN$IRFXVRQGHFHQWZRUNIRUDOOPHDQVUHFRJQL]LQJWKDWGRPHVWLFZRUNHUVDUH
UHDOZRUNHUVWKDWWKHKRPHLVDZRUNSODFHDQGDFNQRZOHGJLQJWKHSHUVRQDOQDWXUHRIWKHZRUNZKLOHUHDI
ILUPLQJLWVFRPSDWLELOLW\ZLWKWKHHPSOR\PHQWUHODWLRQVKLS'RPHVWLFZRUNLVWREHWUHDWHGERWKDV³ZRUN
OLNHDQ\RWKHUDQGZRUNOLNHQRRWKHU´%ODFNHWW
,/2¶V FRQFHUQ ZLWK DW\SLFDO KLJKO\ IHPLQL]HG DQG SUHFDULRXV ZRUN EHJXQ LQ WKH ODWH VHDUO\
VDQGFXOPLQDWHGZLWKWKHDGRSWLRQRIWKH3DUW7LPH:RUN&RQYHQWLRQ1RDQGWKH+RPH
:RUN&RQYHQWLRQ1RWKXVUHFRJQL]LQJWKHFKDQJLQJDQGJHQGHUHGQDWXUHRIWKHHPSOR\PHQW
UHODWLRQVKLSLQDJOREDOL]LQJHFRQRP\7KHVHWZRLQWHUQDWLRQDOVWDQGDUGPDUNDVKLIWIURPHDUOLHULQWHUQD
WLRQDO LQVWUXPHQWV VWURQJO\ LQIOXHQFHG E\ WKH PDOHEUHDGZLQQHU PRGHO LQ ZKLFK WKH ZRUNHU LV W\SLFDOO\ D
PDQZLWKIDPLO\UHVSRQVLELOLWLHVRIZKLFKKHLVWKHPDLQSURYLGHUZKRZRUNVDOO\HDUURXQGZLWKDUHJXODU
ZRUNVFKHGXOHIRUDQLQGHILQLWHGXUDWLRQDQGIRUDVLQJOHHPSOR\HULQDIDFWRU\RUDQRIILFHRULQDQRWKHU
FRQYHQWLRQDOZRUNSODFH$QRWKHUVWULNLQJGHSDUWXUHIURPDQHDUOLHUIRFXVRQWKHVWDQGDUGHPSOR\PHQWUHOD
WLRQVKLSLVHPEHGGHGLQ&RQYHQWLRQ1RZKLFKIRUWKHILUVWWLPHSRUWUD\VWKHKRPHDVDZRUNVLWHVXE
MHFWWRLQVSHFWLRQDQGRWKHUIRUPVRIODERXUUHJXODWLRQWKXVH[SDQGLQJWKHERXQGDULHVRIWKHZRUNVLWHEH\RQG
FRQYHQWLRQDOLQGXVWULDOVHWWLQJV
7KH,/2GHFLVLRQWRSXWVWDQGDUGVHWWLQJRQGHFHQWZRUNIRUGRPHVWLFZRUNHUVFRQILUPVWKH2UJDQL]D
WLRQ¶V FRPPLWPHQW WRZDUGV PDNLQJ VRFLDO SURWHFWLRQ D UHDOLW\ IRU LQIRUPDO ZRUNHUV DQG SURPRWLQJ WKHLU
JUDGXDOWUDQVLWLRQWRZDUGVGLJQLW\DQGIRUPDOLW\FRQVRQDQWZLWKWKHUHVROXWLRQDQGFRQFOXVLRQVFRQFHUQLQJ
GHFHQWZRUNDQGWKHLQIRUPDOHFRQRP\DGRSWHGE\WKH,QWHUQDWLRQDO/DERXU&RQIHUHQFHLQ%\DGGUHVV
LQJWKHYXOQHUDELOLWLHVRIPLJUDQWGRPHVWLFZRUNHUVWKURXJKUHVWULFWLRQVIRULQVWDQFHRQVRPHRIWKHZRUVW
IRUPVRIODERXUPLJUDWLRQWKLVVWDQGDUGVHWWLQJDFWLYLW\LVH[SHFWHGWRFRQWULEXWHWRDIDLUJOREDOL]DWLRQDQGWR
JLYHGXHFRQVLGHUDWLRQWRWKH,/25HVROXWLRQFRQFHUQLQJDIDLUGHDOIRUPLJUDQWZRUNHUVLQDJOREDOHFRQ
RP\DQGWKHQRQELQGLQJPXOWLODWHUDOIUDPHZRUNIRUPLJUDQWZRUNHUVLQDJOREDOHFRQRP\
Towards new international labour standards on decent work for domestic workers
$QLQWHUQDWLRQDOLQVWUXPHQWRQGRPHVWLFZRUNZRXOGEURDGHQHYHQIXUWKHUWKHERXQGDULHVRIFRQYHQ
WLRQDOLPDJHVRIZRUNVLWHVDQGZRUNE\UHFRJQL]LQJWKDWWKHHPRWLRQDOODERXURIFDUHDQGKRXVHNHHSLQJFRQ
VWLWXWHVZRUNDQGDVVXFKLVHQWLWOHGWRGLJQLW\DQGUHVSHFWDQGWRHTXDOWUHDWPHQWUHODWLYHWRRWKHUW\SHVRI
ZRUN'RPHVWLFZRUNRIIHUVWKHRSSRUWXQLW\WRWKH,/2WRRIIHUQHHGHGQRUPDWLYHDQGWHFKQLFDOJXLGDQFH
DQGWRSURPRWHWKHVXVWDLQHGV\VWHPDWLFJDWKHULQJRIVWDWLVWLFDODQGRWKHUUHOHYDQWLQIRUPDWLRQDERXWWKLV\HW
LQYLVLEOHWKRXJKODUJHDQGJURZLQJZRUNIRUFHZKRLVSUHVHQWO\DIIRUGHGVXEVWDQGDUGZRUNLQJFRQGLWLRQV
$QLPSRUWDQWJRDORIWKLVQHZLQVWUXPHQWZRXOGEHWRUHDIILUPWKHSURWHFWLRQWKDWGRPHVWLFZRUNHUVDO
UHDG\HQMR\XQGHUWKHH[LVWLQJLQWHUQDWLRQDOVWDQGDUGVZKLOHHQVXULQJWKDWWKHLPSOLFDWLRQVRIVXFKVWDQGDUGV
IRUWKHVHZRUNHUVDUHFODULILHGDQGDGGUHVVHG7KHYDOXHDGGHGRIDQ\QHZVXFKLQWHUQDWLRQDOQRUPZLOOOLHLQ
LWVFDSDFLW\WRVXSSO\FOHDUDQGFRPSUHKHQVLYHJXLGDQFHRQKRZWRSURPRWHGHFHQWZRUNIRUDGLVWLQFWFDW
HJRU\RIZRUNHUVZKRZRUNLQWKHKRPHVRIRWKHUSHRSOHHQWHUWDLQZLWKWKHLUHPSOR\HUVDYHU\SHUVRQDODQG
LQWLPDWH HPSOR\PHQW UHODWLRQVKLS DQG DUH RIWHQ H[FOXGHG WRWDOO\ RU LQ SDUW IURP H[LVWLQJ QDWLRQDO ODERXU
ODZV VRFLDO VHFXULW\ UHJLPHV DQG RFFXSDWLRQDO KHDOWK DQG VDIHW\ ODZV 7DFNOLQJ WKH SUHVHQW VXEVWDQGDUG
ZRUNLQJFRQGLWLRQVRIGRPHVWLFZRUNHUVHQWDLOVUHFRJQL]LQJWKDWGRPHVWLFZRUNHUVDUHHQWLWOHGWRHTXDOLW\RI
%/$&.(77$³3URPRWLQJGRPHVWLFZRUNHUV¶KXPDQGLJQLW\WKURXJKVSHFLILFUHJXODWLRQ´in)$95(&+$028;$
HG³'RPHVWLFZRUNDVDIDFWRURI(XURSHDQLGHQWLW\8QGHUVWDQGLQJWKHJOREDOL]DWLRQRIGRPHVWLFZRUN´WKVWFHQWXULHV
%HUQ(GLWLRQVVFLHQWLILTXHVHXURSpHQQHV
926.+2/)³*HQGHU3UHFDULRXVZRUNDQGWKH,QWHUQDWLRQDO/DERXU&RGHWKH*KRVWLQWKH,/2&ORVHW´in-)XGJH
DQG52ZQHVHGVPrecarious Work, Women, and the New Economy: The challenge to Legal NormsSSSS2[IRUG
DQG3RUWODQG2UHJRQ
6HH%/$&.(77$³3URPRWLQJGRPHVWLFZRUNHUV¶KXPDQGLJQLW\WKURXJKVSHFLILFUHJXODWLRQ´in)$95(&+$028;
$ HG ³'RPHVWLF ZRUN DV D IDFWRU RI (XURSHDQ LGHQWLW\ 8QGHUVWDQGLQJ WKH JOREDOL]DWLRQ RI GRPHVWLF ZRUN´ WKVW
FHQWXULHV%HUQ3HWHU/DQJ6$eGLWLRQVVFLHQWLILTXHVHXURSpHQQHVSS
)5207+(6+$'2:727+()25('20(67,&:25.$1'7+(,/2
RSSRUWXQLW\DQGWUHDWPHQWDWSDUZLWKRWKHUZRUNHUVDQGWKDWLQVRPHFDVHVDGLIIHUHQWRU VSHFLILFWKRXJK
QRWORZHUWUHDWPHQWLVQHHGHGLQRUGHUWRSURPRWHHTXDOLW\LQSUDFWLFH
3URPRWLQJHTXDOWUHDWPHQWIRUGRPHVWLFZRUNHUVUHTXLUHVDPRQJRWKHUWKLQJVGHYLVLQJVSHFLDOPHDV
XUHVWRSURWHFWWKRVHZRUNHUVZKREHFDXVHRIWKHLU\RXQJDJHRUQDWLRQDOLW\RUOLYHLQVWDWXVPD\EHH[
SRVHGWRDGGLWLRQDOULVNVUHODWLYHWRWKHLUSHHUV7KHSUHVHQWWH[WRIWKHGUDIW&RQYHQWLRQDQGGUDIW5HFRP
PHQGDWLRQ DV FRQWDLQHG LQ WKH ³EOXH´ UHSRUW LQFOXGH D QXPEHU RI SURYLVLRQV WDUJHWLQJ FKLOG GRPHVWLF
ZRUNHUVDERYHWKHPLQLPXPDJHRIHPSOR\PHQWDQGEHORZWKHDJHRIDLPHGDWHLWKHUIRUELGGLQJDOWR
JHWKHURUOLPLWLQJSDUWLFXODUWDVNVVXFKDVFDUU\LQJKHDY\OLIWVRUZRUNLQJDWQLJKWWKDWPD\MHRSDUGL]HWKH
SK\VLFDODQGLQWHOOHFWXDOGHYHORSPHQWRIWKHVHZRUNHUVRUDVVLJQLQJWKHPUHVSRQVLELOLWLHVVXFKDVORRNLQJ
DIWHU IUDLO DGXOW PHPEHUV RI WKH IDPLO\ WKDW PD\ SURYH WRRGHPDQGLQJ SK\VLFDOO\ DQG SV\FKRORJLFDOO\
$QRWKHUJURXSLQQHHGRIVSHFLDODWWHQWLRQDVGLVFXVVHGHDUOLHULVWKHOLYHLQGRPHVWLFZRUNHUV 6KDULQJD
OLYLQJVSDFHLQWKHDEVHQFHRIVDIHJXDUGVPDNHVHYHU\PRPHQWRIDZRUNHU
VOLIHLQFOXGLQJZKHQDQGKRZ
WKH\HDWDQGVOHHSVXEMHFWWRDQHPSOR\HU
VLQIOXHQFH
7KHGUDIWLQVWUXPHQWVDGGUHVVWKHLUVSHFLILFFLUFXPVWDQFHVLQVHYHUDOZD\VLQFOXGLQJE\UHTXHVWLQJ
PHPEHU6WDWHVWRWDNHPHDVXUHVDLPHGDWSURWHFWLQJWKHFRQILGHQWLDOLW\RIWKHLUSHUVRQDOGDWDRUE\VKHOWHU
LQJWKHVHZRUNHUVIURPSRVVLEOHYLROHQFHRUHQGOHVVZRUNLQJGD\VRUE\VSHOOLQJRXWWKHPLQLPXPUHTXLUH
PHQWVLQUHVSHFWRIDFFRPPRGDWLRQ$VXLWDEOHDFFRPPRGDWLRQQDPHO\DVHSDUDWHURRPZLWKDNH\LVLQ
GHHGDNH\FRQGLWLRQIRUHQVXULQJWKDWGRPHVWLFZRUNHUVFDQDFWXDOO\UHVWIURPZRUNGXULQJWKHLUGDLO\UHVW
SHULRGVDQGDWQLJKW,WDOVRFDQKHOSWRUHGXFHYXOQHUDELOLW\WRVH[XDODQGRWKHUIRUPVRIYLROHQFH'HFHQW
ZRUNIRUGRPHVWLFZRUNHUVDOVRUHTXLUHVDUWLFXODWLQJDFWLRQDWGLIIHUHQWJRYHUQDQFHOHYHOVDQGLQYROYLQJYHU\
GLIIHUHQWLQVWLWXWLRQV'RPHVWLFZRUNLVLQGHHGERWKDGHHSO\ORFDOL]HGDQGJOREDOSKHQRPHQRQ,WLVFDUULHG
RXWLQKRPHVDZD\IURPSXEOLFVLJKWDQGLQLVRODWLRQ$WWKHVDPHWLPHPLOOLRQVRIZRPHQDFURVVWKHZRUOG
PLJUDWHWRRWKHUFRXQWULHVOHDYLQJEHKLQGWKHLUIDPLOLHVWRSHUIRUPKRXVHNHHSLQJGXWLHVLQRWKHUKRPHVDQG
WDNLQJFDUHRIWKHFKLOGUHQRUHOGHUVRIRWKHUIDPLOLHV7KLVPHDQVWKDWVXLWDEOHDQGHIIHFWLYHUHJXODWLRQUH
TXLUHVDGRSWLQJDFRPELQDWLRQRIPHDVXUHVWKDWPD\UDQJHIRULQVWDQFHIURPELODWHUDODJUHHPHQWVWKDWVHHN
WRSUHYHQWDQGDGGUHVVDEXVHVLQERWKVHQGLQJDQGUHFLSLHQWFRXQWULHVE\HPSOR\PHQWDJHQFLHVLQYROYHGLQ
WUDQVQDWLRQDOODERXUPLJUDWLRQWRWKHHVWDEOLVKPHQWRIVDIHKRXVHVIRUGRPHVWLFZRUNHUVZKRDUHYLFWLPVRI
DEXVHE\QDWLRQDOJRYHUQPHQWVRUPXQLFLSDOOHYHORUGLQDQFHVSURYLGLQJIRUDSODWIRUPWRHQDEOHDVVRFLDWLRQV
RIGRPHVWLFZRUNHUVDQGWKHLUHPSOR\HUVWRJHWWRJHWKHU
$V DFNQRZOHGJHG E\ ,/2¶V FRQVWLWXHQF\ DQG WKH 2IILFH LW LV LPSRUWDQW WKDW WKH QHZ LQWHUQDWLRQDO
QRUPVKRXOGQRWEHWRRFRPSOH[RUXQQHFHVVDULO\GHWDLOHG&ODULW\DQGVLPSOLFLW\DVZHOODVDFHUWDLQGHJUHH
RIIOH[LELOLW\ZLWKUHJDUGWRLWVLPSOHPHQWDWLRQDUHRIHVVHQFHLILWLVWREHFRPHDQHIIHFWLYHLQVWUXPHQWLQ
DGYDQFLQJWKHFRQWLQXRXVLPSURYHPHQWRIWKHZRUNLQJDQGOLYLQJFRQGLWLRQVRIGRPHVWLFZRUNHUV$OHJDF\
RIOHJDODQGVRFLHWDOH[FOXVLRQDQGGLVUHJDUGFDQQRWEHRYHUFRPHRYHUQLJKWWKHPHDQLQJIXOLPSOHPHQWDWLRQ
RIWKHSURYLVLRQVRIDQHZQRUPRQGRPHVWLFZRUNUHTXLUHVLPDJLQDWLRQDQGUHJXODWRU\LQQRYDWLRQSROLWLFDO
FRPPLWPHQWDQGSXEOLFSROLF\VXSSRUWLQFOXGLQJLQWKHIRUPRILQFHQWLYHVDQGVXIILFLHQWSUDFWLFDOJXLGDQFH
WKURXJKWKHLGHQWLILFDWLRQGRFXPHQWDWLRQDQGGLVVHPLQDWLRQRIJRRGSUDFWLFHV7KHSUHVHQWWH[WRIWKHGUDIW
&RQYHQWLRQIRULQVWDQFHZKLOHUHTXLULQJPHPEHU6WDWHVWRWDNHPHDVXUHVWRHQVXUHWKHDSSOLFDWLRQRIVRFLDO
VHFXULW\VFKHPHVWRGRPHVWLFZRUNHUVSURYLGHVWKDWFHUWDLQPHDVXUHVPD\EHDSSOLHGSURJUHVVLYHO\ZKLOH
WKHGUDIW5HFRPPHQGDWLRQLQYLWHVPHPEHU6WDWHVWRFRQVLGHUPHDQVWRIDFLOLWDWHWKHSD\PHQWRIVRFLDOVHFXUL
W\FRQWULEXWLRQVLQFOXGLQJRIGRPHVWLFZRUNHUVZRUNLQJIRUPXOWLSOHHPSOR\HUVWKURXJKDVLPSOLILHGV\VWHP
RISD\PHQW
%XLOGLQJRQWKHQHZLQWHUQDWLRQDOVWDQGDUGWKH,/2FDQDVVLVWPHPEHUVWDWHVWRDUULYHDWOHJLVODWLRQ
WKDWLVDSSURSULDWHWRQDWLRQDOFRQGLWLRQV7KHIRFXVVKRXOGEHRQVSHFLILFUHJXODWLRQWRUHFRJQL]HDQGUHVSHFW
GRPHVWLFZRUNHUV¶ULJKWVDVZRUNHUV6SHFLILFUHJXODWLRQLVLQPDQ\ZD\VWKHGRPDLQRIGRPHVWLFOHJLVODWRUV
DQGDFWRUVLQFROOHFWLYHEDUJDLQLQJZKRDUHFORVHUWRWKHFRQGLWLRQVH[LVWLQJZLWKLQHDFKFRQWH[WDQGEHWWHU
DEOH WR UHJXODWH WR FDSWXUH WKDW FRQWH[W ,/2 WHFKQLFDO DVVLVWDQFH ZLOO EH SDUWLFXODUO\ LPSRUWDQW WR DVVLVW
0HPEHUVWRDUULYHDWOHJLVODWLYHUHIRUPVWKDWDUHQRWFRQILQHGWRWKHGRPLQDQW industrialUHODWLRQVWUDGLWLRQ
6HH,/2Report 2(B) Decent work for domestic workers,/&WKVHVVLRQ*HQHYD
6HH,/2Report 2(B) Decent work for domestic workers,/&WKVHVVLRQ*HQHYD
,/25HSRUW,9Decent Work for Domestic Workers,,/&WKVHVVLRQS
0DQXHOD7RPHL
WKDWDVVXPHVDIDFWRU\RURIILFHOLNHZRUNSODFH'RPHVWLFZRUNHUVDUHLQFOXGHGZLWKLQWKHQRUPDVZRUNHUV
OLNHDQ\RWKHUEXWWKHQRUPVQHHGWREHPDGHPHDQLQJIXOWKURXJKVSHFLILFDSSOLFDWLRQ$UHODWHGWHFKQLFDO
FRRSHUDWLRQJRDOZRXOGVHHWKH,/2DVVLVWLQJPHPEHUVWDWHVWKURXJKLQIRUPDWLRQRQFRPSDUDWLYHH[SHULHQFH
RQKRZWRGUDIWOHJLVODWLRQLQSODLQODQJXDJHWRHQVXUHWKDWWKHGRPHVWLFZRUNHUVWKHPVHOYHVFDQUHDVRQDEO\
XQGHUVWDQGWKHLUULJKWVDQGSULYDWHHPSOR\HUVFDQHIIHFWLYHO\UHVSHFWWKRVHULJKWV
Making the Crisis Recovery Work for Women!
Gender Bureau/ILO
Abstract | 7KH,QWHUQDWLRQDO:RPHQ¶V'D\LVPDUNHGXQGHUWKHWKHPHRIFULVLVUHFRYHU\VKRXOGLQ
FOXGH ZRPHQ $FFRUGLQJ WR WKH ,/2 WKH UHFRYHU\ PHDVXUHVVKRXOG VHHN LQQRYDWLYH ZD\V WRFUHDWH GHFHQW
ZRUNWRHQVXUHWKDWZRPHQ±DORQJVLGHZLWKPHQKDYHHTXDODFFHVVWREHWWHUHGXFDWLRQDQGWUDLQLQJOHDGLQJ
WRMREV
BBBBBBBBBB
,/2$1'*(1'(5(48$/,7<,17+(:25/'2):25.6RFLHGDGHH7UDEDOKRERRNOHWVQRSS
0$.,1*7+(&5,6,65(&29(5<:25.)25:20(1
The Crisis: Big Regional Differences
7KHLPSDFWRIWKHODWHVWHFRQRPLFFULVLVRQHPSOR\PHQWKDVVHYHUHO\DIIHFWHGERWKPHQDQGZRPHQZRUNHUV
5HFRYHU\ PHDVXUHV VKRXOG VHHN LQQRYDWLYH ZD\V WR FUHDWH GHFHQW ZRUN WR HQVXUH WKDW ZRPHQ ± DORQJVLGH
PHQKDYHHTXDODFFHVVWREHWWHUHGXFDWLRQDQGWUDLQLQJOHDGLQJWRMREV:RPHQVKRXOGDVWKH8QLWHG1D
WLRQV&RPPLVVLRQRQWKH6WDWXVRI:RPHQVD\VKDYHHTXDOFKDQFHVIRUFDUHHUVLQVFLHQFHDQGWHFKQRORJ\DV
PHQDVQHZMREVHPHUJHDQGROGMREVUHFRYHU,QGHYHORSHGDQGPLGGOHLQFRPHFRXQWULHVWKHXQHPSOR\PHQW
UDWHIRUZRPHQZDVRQDYHUDJHKLJKHUWKDQIRUPHQEHIRUHWKHFULVLVEXWMREORVVHVLQVHFWRUVOLNHPDQXIDF
WXULQJDQGFRQVWUXFWLRQZKHUHPHQWUDGLWLRQDOO\DUHHPSOR\HGKDYHKDGJUHDWHUHIIHFWVRQWKHPDOHXQHP
SOR\PHQWUDWH$FFRUGLQJWR,/2GDWDLQ³Global Employment Trends 2011´WKHXQHPSOR\PHQWUDWH
IRUPHQVWRRGDWZKHUHDVIRUZRPHQLWZDV
*OREDOO\WKHQXPEHURIZRUNLQJSRRUJUHZE\PLOOLRQPRUHWKDQZKDWZRXOGKDYHEHHQH[SHFWHG
RQWKHEDVLVRISUHFULVLVWUHQGV±DQGWKHEUHDNGRZQE\VH[IRU³YXOQHUDEOHXQHPSOR\PHQW´VKRZVIRU
WKDW RI PDOHV DQG RI IHPDOHV IDFHG WKH GDXQWLQJ FKDOOHQJH RI EHLQJ LQ SUHFDULRXV FLUFXP
VWDQFHVDVFRQWULEXWRU\IDPLO\ ZRUNHUVRURZQDFFRXQWZRUNHUV7KHUHLVDFOHDUVHJUHJDWLRQRIZRPHQLQ
VHFWRUV WKDW DUH JHQHUDOO\ FKDUDFWHUL]HG E\ ORZ SD\ ORQJ KRXUV DQG RIWHQWLPHV LQIRUPDO ZRUNLQJ DUUDQJH
PHQWV
Poorest Women Hit the Hardest
$OWKRXJKWKHHFRQRPLFFULVLVRULJLQDWHGLQGHYHORSHGHFRQRPLHVLWLVWKHSRRUDQGPRVWYXOQHUDEOHJURXSVLQ
GHYHORSLQJFRXQWULHVSDUWLFXODUO\ZRPHQZKRDUHQRZH[SHULHQFLQJWKHKDUGHVWLPSDFWVRIWKHHIIHFWV
&RPLQJRQWRSRIUHFHQWIRRGSULFHLQFUHDVHVWKHFULVLVKDVKDGVHULRXVJHQGHUVSHFLILF FRQVHTXHQFHV
IRUZRPHQLQSRRUFRXQWULHVDQGWKHLUFKLOGUHQ'HFHOHUDWLQJJURZWKUDWHVLQFRXQWULHVZLWKSUHH[LVWLQJKLJK
LQIDQWDQGFKLOGPRUWDOLW\UDWHVDQGRUORZUDWHVRIIHPDOHVFKRROLQJOHDYHZRPHQDQGJLUOVKLJKO\YXOQHUDEOH
WRWKHHIIHFWVRIWKHFULVLV7KHLUVLWXDWLRQLVHYHQPRUHSUHFDULRXVLQWKHVXEVHWRIFRXQWULHVZKHUHOLPLWHG
ILVFDOUHVRXUFHVFRQVWUDLQJRYHUQPHQWV¶DELOLW\WRUHGXFHWKHQHJDWLYHHIIHFWVWKHFULVLVKDVRQWKHP
Recovery Policies – Do all Measures Work for Women?
&HUWDLQDXVWHULW\PHDVXUHVPLJKWQHJDWLYHO\DIIHFWZRPHQ¶VILQDQFLDOVLWXDWLRQDQGHVSHFLDOO\WKHPRVWYXO
QHUDEOHZRPHQ
&XWVLQSXEOLFMREVDQGIXQGLQJRIFKDULW\RUJDQL]DWLRQVDVPRUHZRPHQWKDQPHQZRUNLQWKHVHVHF
WRUV
*HQGHU%XUHDX,/2
&XWVLQVRFLDOSURWHFWLRQVXFKDVFKLOGEHQHILWVDQGFKLOGFDUHFHQWUHVZKLFKDIIHFWVLQJOHPRWKHUVDQG
ZRPHQRQORZLQFRPHV
&XWVLQWD[IXQGHGSHQVLRQVFKHPHVVLQFHWKHEHWWHUSDLGFRQWULEXWLRQIXQGHGVFKHPHVIDYRXUZRUNHUV
LQ WKH IRUPDO HFRQRP\ KDYLQJ PDQ\ \HDUV RI VHUYLFH ZLWK KLJK LQFRPH DQG XQLQWHUUXSWHG FDUHHUV
7KHVHFULWHULDOHDYHRXWPDQ\ZRPHQ
*RYHUQPHQWVWKDWDOUHDG\KDGVRFLDOSURWHFWLRQVFKHPHVLQSODFHEHIRUHWKHFULVLVKDYHEHHQEHWWHUDEOHWR
FRSHZLWKLWVQHJDWLYHIDOORXW7KHLPSDFWRIWKHFULVLVDWKRXVHKROGOHYHOZDVVRIWHQHGDQGWKHGURSLQDJJUH
JDWHGHPDQGDOOHYLDWHG6RFLDOVHFXULW\V\VWHPVUHVSRQGQRWRQO\WRVRFLDOQHHGVWKH\DUHDQHFRQRPLFQH
FHVVLW\ 5HFRYHU\ DIWHU WKH FULVLV LV GHPRQVWUDWLQJ PRUH WKDQ HYHU WKDW VRFLDO VHFXULW\ LV D FRQGLWLRQ IRU
JURZWKUDWKHUWKDQDEXUGHQWRVRFLHW\
ILO Policy Advice on Recovery that Works for Women
7KH ,QWHUQDWLRQDO /DERXU &RQIHUHQFH 5HVROXWLRQ FRQFHUQLQJ JHQGHU HTXDOLW\ DW WKH KHDUW RI GHFHQW
ZRUNHPSKDVLVHGWKDW³the current crisis is having serious with enterprises closing and workers losing their
jobs. Recovery packages during economic crises need to take into account the impact on women and men
and integrate gender concerns in all measures. These measures should be consistent with the long-term objectives of sustainable economic, social and environmental development, including gender equality. In all
discussions on recovery packages, both regarding their design and assessing their success, women must
have an equal voice with men´
7KH *OREDO -REV 3DFW DGRSWHG E\ ,/2 PHPEHU 6WDWHV DOVR LQ VWDWHV WKDW WKH current crisis
should be viewed as an opportunity to shape new gender equality policy responses. 6HYHUDO JRYHUQPHQWV KDYH HQIRUFHG DXVWHULW\ PHDVXUHV ZKLFK KDYH EHQHILWHG ZRPHQ 6XFK SROLFLHV
ZHUHLPSOHPHQWHGE\SHUFHQWRIKLJKHULQFRPHFRXQWULHVZLWKDUHVXOWLQJLQFUHDVHLQZRPHQ¶VHPSOR\
PHQW$PRQJWKHVHPHDVXUHVIRUJHWWLQJZRPHQDQGJLUOVLQWRHGXFDWLRQWUDLQLQJVFLHQFHDQGWHFKQRORJ\
ZKLFK FRXOG LPSURYH ZRPHQ¶V HTXDO DFFHVV WR IXOO HPSOR\PHQW DQG GHFHQW ZRUN DUH JDLQLQJ SRSXODULW\
+HUHLVDQLQGLFDWLYHOLVW
5HVNLOOLQJWUDLQLQJDQGXQHPSOR\PHQWSURWHFWLRQXQHPSOR\PHQWEHQHILWVDQGPHDVXUHVIRUZRPHQ
ZRUNHUV&KLOH6LQJDSRUH.RUHD
,QLWLDWLYHVIRUZRPHQWRUHWXUQWRZRUNDIWHUPDWHUQLW\OHDYHHQFRXUDJHPHQWVIRUPHQWRWDNHSDWHU
QLW\OHDYHDQGPRUHDFFHVVLEOHFKLOGFDUHVHUYLFHV&DQDGD/DWYLD+XQJDU\-DSDQ6SDLQ3RUWXJDO
4XRWDVIRUZRPHQLQHPSOR\PHQWJXDUDQWHHSURJUDPPHVWDUJHWHGDWWKHSRRUHVWKRXVHKROGV,QGLD
0DNH:RUN3D\ PHDVXUHV ZKLFK LQFUHDVHG LQFHQWLYHV IRUORZSDLG ZRUNHUV WRSDUWLFLSDWH LQ WKH OD
ERXUPDUNHWE\SURYLGLQJLQFRPHWD[FUHGLWV86$
:RUNVKDULQJVFKHPHVZKLFKLQFOXGHZRUNHUVZKRGRQ¶WKDYHUHJXODUFRQWUDFWVZKLFKGHFUHDVHVWKH
ZRUNLQJKRXUVRIDOOWKHZRUNHUVIRUDFHUWDLQWLPHZLWKRXWKDYLQJWROD\WKHPRII-DSDQ*HUPDQ\
&DVKWUDQVIHUSURJUDPPHVIRUSRRUKRXVHKROGV&KLOH0H[LFR$UJHQWLQD%UD]LO
0LFURFUHGLW&DPERGLD
3XEOLF(PSOR\PHQW3URJUDPPHV,QGLD.HQ\D1HSDO
5HWUDLQLQJRIXQHPSOR\HGSHUVRQVWRQHZMREVZKLFKEUHDNJHQGHUVWHUHRW\SHVHVSHFLDOO\IRUWKRVH
ZLWKIDPLO\UHVSRQVLELOLWLHV0DOWD3RUWXJDO
.HHSLQJLQFUHDVLQJPLQLPXPZDJHVGXHWRWKHJHQGHUZDJHJDSDVZRPHQDUHORZHUSDLGWKDQPHQ
0RVW(XURSHDQ8QLRQFRXQWULHV
*HQGHUHTXDOLW\DQGZRPHQ¶VHFRQRPLFHPSRZHUPHQWDUHHVVHQWLDOWRDFKLHYHHIIHFWLYHDQGVXVWDLQDEOHGH
YHORSPHQWDQGWRIRVWHUDYLEUDQWHFRQRP\,WLVLPSRUWDQWWRUHFRJQLVHWKHXQLTXHFRQWULEXWLRQZRPHQFDQ
PDNHDVFRXQWULHVZRUNRXWRIWKHHFRQRPLFFULVLVDQGZRPHQPXVWWKHUHIRUHEHLQFOXGHGLQVRFLDOGLDORJXH
DQGGHFLVLRQPDNLQJSURFHVVHV5HFRYHU\SROLFLHVQHHGVWURQJJHQGHUFRPSRQHQWVWRPLWLJDWHDQGSUHYHQW
GLVSDUDWHHIIHFWVRQZRPHQDQGPHQLQWKHIXWXUH
&RS\ULJKW,/2
'HOHJDWHVDWWKH)LUVW6HVVLRQRIWKH,QWHUQDWLRQDO/DERXU &RQIHUHQFH
:DVKLQJWRQ'&86$
Selected Thematic Publications
Selected Publications (2000-2010)
A OIT E A IGUALDADE DE GÉNERO NO MUNDO
DO TRABALHO
ILO Publications (Portuguese)
ABC dos direitos das Mulheres trabalhadoras e igualdade de género.
2ª ed. - Lisboa: BIT, 2010.
ISBN : 978–92–2-823667-5
Integração de gênero nas ações contra o trabalho
infantil
Anita Amorim, Collin Piprell, Una Murray
Genebra: IPEC – BIT , 2004. - 131 p.
ISBN : 92-2-813586-7
Web:
http://www.ilo.org/public/portugue/region/eurpro/lisbo
n/pdf/pub_gender.pdf
ILO Publications
A igualdade de género no coração do trabalho digno:
doze temas sobre o trabalho digno [brochura]
Lisboa: OIT, 2010, CD ROM
Web:
http://www.ilo.org/public/portugue/region/eurpro/lisb
on/html/genebra_camp_igual_genero.htm
Maternidade Segura e o Mundo do Trabalho
Lisboa: GEP – MTSS, 2008. - 27 p.
ISBN : 978-972-704-309-5
Web:
http://www.ilo.org/public/portugue/region/eurpro/lisbo
n/pdf/pub_maternidade.pdf
Igualdade no Trabalho : enfrentar os desafios.
Lisboa: OIT- Lisboa, CNSIDA e SNRIPD, 2007. –
137 p.
ISBN : 978-92-2-818130-2
Web:
http://www.ilo.org/public/portugue/region/eurpro/lisbo
n/pdf/igualdade_07.pdf
Assessing the Enabling Environment for Women in
Growth Enterprises
Geneva: Women’s Entrepreneurship Development
Programme, BIT 2007.-102 p.
ISBN: 978-92-2-119769-0
Web:http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/--ed_emp/--emp_ent/documents/publication/wcms_116163.pdf
Break Gender Stereotypes, Give Talent a Chance.
Toolkit for SME Advisors and Human Resource Management
European Communities e ITC-ILO, 2008. – 88p.
ISBN: 978-92-9049-468-3
Web:
http://www.businessandgender.eu/en/countries/ie/toolk
it-en
Breaking Through the Glass Ceiling: Women in Management
Linda Wirth
Geneva: Bureau for Gender Equality, 2004 (Update). 77 p.
Web:
http://www.ilo.org/dyn/gender/docs/RES/292/f267981
337
__________
ILO AND GENDER EQUALITY IN THE WORLD OF WORK, Sociedade
e Trabalho booklets, no. 16, 2011, pp. 65-67
66
Business Group Formation: Empowering Women and
Men in developing Communities. Trainer’s Manual
Eva Majurin
Subregional Office for East Asia, Bangkok: ILO, 2008.
-126 p.
ISBN: 9789221213239
Web:http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/--ed_emp/--emp_ent/documents/publication/wcms_116164.pdf
Building Women’s Entrepreneurs’ Associations: Capacity
Building
Guide
Women’s Entrepreneurship Development Programme
Geneva: ITC-ILO 2010. -189 p.
Web:
http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/--ed_emp/--emp_ent/documents/publication/wcms_116179.pdf
FAMOS: Service Quality Check for Supporting Female
and Male Operated Small Enterprises
Geneva: BIT, Women’s Entrepreneurship Development Programme, 2006. – 2 p.
Web:
http://www.ilo.int/public/english/region/afpro/lusaka/d
ownload/tc/wedge/trainingtools/famosfactsheet.pdf
Financial Education: Trainer’s Manual. Women’s Entrepreneurship Development
Programme
Cambodia: ILO, Women’s Entrepreneurship Development Programme, 2008. – 77 p.
Web:http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/--asia/---robangkok/documents/publication/wcms_108269.pdf
Gender Equality: A Guide to Collective Bargaining
Geneva: Bureau for Workers’ Activities, 2002. – 62 p.
Web:http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/--ed_dialogue/--actrav/documents/publication/wcms_113700.pdf
Gender Equality and Decent Work: Good Practices at
the Workplace.
Geneva: BIT, GENDER, 2005. – 127 p.
ISBN: 92-2-116991-X
Web:
http://www.ilo.org/dyn/gender/docs/RES/398/F144838
0228
Gender Equality and Decent Work: Selected ILO Conventions and Recommendations Promoting Gender
Equality
Geneva: Bureau for Gender Equality, 2006. -194 p.
ISBN: 978-92-2-119256-5
Sociedade e Trabalho booklets no. 16
Web:
http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/@ed_norm/
@normes/documents/publication/wcms_088023.pdf
GET AHEAD for Women in Enterprise Training Package and Resource Kit
Susanne Bauer, Gerry Finnegan and Nelien Haspels
Geneva: Women’s Entrepreneurship Development
Programme, 2004 (reprinted in 2008)
ISBN: 92-2-115807-1
Web:
http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/--ed_emp/--emp_ent/documents/publication/wcms_116100.pdf
Good Practices in promoting Gender Equality in ILO
technical cooperation projects.
Geneva: BIT, GENDER, 2007. – 52 p.
ISBN: 978-92-2-119536-8
Web:
http://www.ilo.org/public/libdoc/ilo/2007/107B09_1_e
ngl.pdf
Guidelines on Gender in Employment Policies: Information Resource Book
Sriani Ameratunga Kring; Mary Kawar
Geneva: BIT Employment Policy Department, 2009. –
129 p.
ISBN: 978-92-2-122124-1
Web:
http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/--ed_emp/documents/instructionalmaterial/wcms_10361
1.pdf
Guidelines on the Formation of Self-help Groups – For
families of Working Children
Cambodia: ILO Women’s Entrepreneurship Development Programme, 2006. -30 p.
Web:http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/--asia/---robangkok/documents/publication/wcms_108268.pdf
HIV/AIDS and work: global estimates, impact and response
Geneva: BIT, Programme on HIV/AIDS and the
World of Work, 2004. – 7 p.
ISBN: 92-2-115824-1
Web:
http://www.ilo.org/public/libdoc/ilo/2004/104B09_201
_engl.pdf
ILO Participatory Gender Audit: A Tool for Organizational Change
Geneva: BIT, 2008. – 158 p.
ISBN: 978-92-2-119825-3
Web:
http://www.ilo.org/dyn/gender/docs/RES/536/F932374
742/web%20gender%20manual.pdf
SELECTED THEMATIC PUBLICATIONS
Integrated Rural Accessibility Planning, Third Technical Meeting, Bangkok March 27-28, 2003
Geneva: Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific,
Employment Intensive Investment Programme, 2003. 266 p.
Web:
http://www.ilo.org/public/english/employment/recon/ei
ip/download/ratp/ratp09.pdf
Leadership Training Manual for Women Leaders of
Cooperatives
India: BIT, 2005. – 390 p.
ISBN: 92-2-117066-7
Web:http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/--asia/---ro-bangkok/---sronew_delhi/documents/publication/wcms_124337.pdf
Mainstreaming Gender: An Annotated Bibliography of
Selected ILO Tools for Mainstreaming Gender in the
World of Work
Geneva: Bureau for Gender Equality, 2007
Web:
http://www.ilo.org/dyn/gender/docs/RES/538/F641217
299/Annotated%20bibliography%20of%20ILO%20too
ls%20for%20gender%20m.pdf
Making the Strongest Links: A Practical Guide to
Mainstream Gender Analysis in Value Chain Development
Linda Mayoux; Grania Mackie
Addis Ababa: BIT, 2008
ISBN: 978-92-2120207-2;
Web:
http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/--ed_emp/--emp_ent/documents/instructionalmaterial/wcms_10653
8.pdf
67
Managing Small Business Associations: A Trainer’s
Manual
Employment through Small Enterprise Development
Unit,
Geneva: BIT, 2007. -178 p.
Web:
http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/--ed_emp/--emp_ent/documents/instructionalmaterial/wcms_10126
0.pdf
Modular Package on Gender, Poverty and Employment: Reader’s Kit [CD-ROM]
Geneva: BIT, 2000
ISBN: 92-2-110838-4
Web:
http://www.ilo.org/global/publications/ilobookstore/orderonline/books/WCMS_PUBL_9221108392_EN/lang-en/index.htm
A Profile of ILO Multi-bilateral Donors’ Policies on
Gender Equality
Geneva: BIT, GENDER 2006. – 56 p.
Web:
http://www.ilo.org/dyn/gender/docs/RES/392/F976367
355/Donor%20profiles.pdf
&RS\ULJKW,/2
(DFK0HPEHUVKDOO>@HQVXUHWKHDSSOLFDWLRQWRDOOZRUNHUVRIWKHSULQFLSOHRIHTXDO
UHPXQHUDWLRQ IRU PHQ DQG ZRPHQ ZRUNHUV IRU ZRUN RI HTXDO YDOXH H[FHUSW IURP
&RQYHQWLRQ1RXQGDWHG
International Labour Standards
C100 Equal Remuneration Convention, 1951
The General Conference of the International Labour Organisation, having been convened at Geneva by the Governing Body of the International Labour Office, and having met in its Thirty-fourth Session on 6 June 1951, and
having decided upon the adoption of certain proposals with regard to the principle of equal remuneration for men
and women workers for work of equal value, which is the seventh item on the agenda of the session, and
having determined that these proposals shall take the form of an international Convention, adopts this twentyninth day of June of the year one thousand nine hundred and fifty-one the following Convention, which may be
cited as the Equal Remuneration Convention, 1951:
Article 1
For the purpose of this Convention:
(a) the term remuneration includes the ordinary, basic or minimum wage or salary and any additional
emoluments whatsoever payable directly or indirectly, whether in cash or in kind, by the employer to
the worker and arising out of the worker's employment;
(b) the term equal remuneration for men and women workers for work of equal value refers to rates of
remuneration established without discrimination based on sex.
Article 2
1. Each Member shall, by means appropriate to the methods in operation for determining rates of remuneration,
promote and, in so far as is consistent with such methods, ensure the application to all workers of the principle of
equal remuneration for men and women workers for work of equal value.
2. This principle may be applied by means of:
(a) national laws or regulations.
(b) legally established or recognised machinery for wage determination.
(c) collective agreements between employers and workers; or
(d) a combination of these various means.
__________
ILO AND GENDER EQUALITY IN THE WORLD OF WORK, Sociedade
e Trabalho booklets, no. 16, 2011, pp. 71-93
Sociedade e Trabalho booklets no. 16
72
Article 3
1. Where such action will assist in giving effect to the provisions of this Convention measures shall be taken to
promote objective appraisal of jobs on the basis of the work to be performed.
2. The methods to be followed in this appraisal may be decided upon by the authorities responsible for the determination of rates of remuneration, or, where such rates are determined by collective agreements, by the partíes
thereto.
3. Differential rates between workers which correspond, without regard to sex, to differences, as determined by
such objective appraisal, in the work to be performed shall not be considered as being contrary to the principle of
equal remuneration for men and women workers for work of equal value.
Article 4
Each Member shall co-operate as appropriate with the employers' and workers' organisations concerned for the
purpose of giving effect to the provisions of this Convention.
Article 5
The formal ratifications of this Convention shall be communicated to the Director-General of the International
Labour Office for registration.
Article 6
1. This Convention shall be binding only upon those Members of the International Labour Organisation whose
ratifications have been registered with the Director-General.
2. It shall come into force twelve months after the date on which the ratifications of two Members have been registered with the Director-General.
3. Thereafter, this Convention shall come into force for any Member twelve months after the date on which its
ratification has been registered.
Article 7
1. Declarations communicated to the Director-General of the International Labour Office in accordance with paragraph 2 of Article 35 of the Constitution of the International Labour Organisation shall indicate:
a) the territories in respect of which the Member concerned undertakes that the provisions of the Convention shall be applied without modification;
b) the territories in respect of which it undertakes that the provisions of the Convention shall be applied
subject to modifications, together with details of the said modifications;
c) the territories in respect of which the Convention is inapplicable and in such cases the grounds on
which it is inapplicable;
d) the territories in respect of which it reserves its decision pending further consideration of the position.
2. The undertakings referred to in subparagraphs (a) and (b) of paragraph 1 of this Article shall be deemed to be
an integral part of the ratification and shall have the force of ratification.
3. Any Member may at any time by a subsequent declaration cancel in whole or in part any reservation made in
its original declaration in virtue of subparagraph (b), (c) or (d) of paragraph 1 of this Article.
4. Any Member may, at any time at which the Convention is subject to denunciation in accordance with the provisions of Article 9, communicate to the Director-General a declaration modifying in any other respect the terms
of any former declaration and stating the present position in respect of such territories as it may specify.
73
INTERNATIONAL LABOUR STANDARDS
Article 8
1. Declarations communicated to the Director-General of the International Labour Office in accordance with paragraph 4 or 5 of Article 35 of the Constitution of the International Labour Organisation shall indicate whether
the provisions of the Convention will be applied in the territory concerned without modification or subject to
modifications; when the declaration indicates that the provisions of the Convention will be applied subject to
modifications, it shall give details of the said modifications.
2. The Member, Members or international authority concerned may at any time by a subsequent declaration renounce in whole or in part the right to have recourse to any modification indicated in any former declaration.
3. The Member, Members or international authority concerned may, at any time at which this Convention is subject to denunciation in accordance with the provisions of Article 9, communicate to the Director-General a declaration modifying in any other respect the terms of any former declaration and stating the present position in respect of the application of the Convention.
Article 9
1. A Member which has ratified this Convention may denounce it after the expiration of ten years from the date
on which the Convention first comes into force, by an act communicated to the Director-General of the International Labour Office for registration. Such denunciation shall not take effect until one year after the date on
which it is registered.
2. Each Member which has ratified this Convention and which does not, within the year following the expiration
of the period of ten years mentioned in the preceding paragraph, exercise the right of denunciation provided for
in this Article, will be bound for another period of ten years and, thereafter, may denounce this Convention at the
expiration of each period of ten years under the terms provided for in this Article.
Article 10
1. The Director-General of the International Labour Office shall notify all Members of the International Labour
Organisation of the registration of all ratifications, declarations and denunciations communicated to him by the
Members of the Organisation.
2. When notifying the Members of the Organisation of the registration of the second ratification communicated
to him, the Director-General shall draw the attention of the Members of the Organisation to the date upon which
the Convention will come into force.
Article 11
The Director-General of the International Labour Office shall communicate to the Secretary-General of the United Nations for registration in accordance with Article 102 of the Charter of the United Nations full particulars of
all ratifications, declarations and acts of denunciation registered by him in accordance with the provisions of the
preceding articles.
Article 12
At such times as may consider necessary the Governing Body of the International Labour Office shall present to
the General Conference a report on the working of this Convention and shall examine the desirability of placing
on the agenda of the Conference the question of its revision in whole or in part.
Article 13
1. Should the Conference adopt a new Convention revising this Convention in whole or in part, then, unless the
new Convention otherwise provides:
Sociedade e Trabalho booklets no. 16
74
a) the ratification by a Member of the new revising Convention shall ipso jure involve the immediate denunciation of this Convention, notwithstanding the provisions of Article 9 above, if and when the new
revising Convention shall have come into force;
b) as from the date when the new revising Convention comes into force this Convention shall cease to be
open to ratification by the Members.
2. This Convention shall in any case remain in force in its actual form and content for those Members which
have ratified it but have not ratified the revising Convention.
Article 14
The English and French versions of the text of this Convention are equally authoritative.
C111 Discrimination (Employment and Occupation) Convention, 1958
The General Conference of the International Labour Organisation, having been convened at Geneva by the Governing Body of the International Labour Office, and having met in its Forty-second Session on 4 June 1958, and
having decided upon the adoption of certain proposals with regard to discrimination in the field of employment
and occupation, which is the fourth item on the agenda of the session, and having determined that these proposals shall take the form of an international Convention, and considering that the Declaration of Philadelphia affirms that all human beings, irrespective of race, creed or sex, have the right to pursue both their material wellbeing and their spiritual development in conditions of freedom and dignity, of economic security and equal opportunity, and considering further that discrimination constitutes a violation of rights enunciated by the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, adopts this twenty-fifth day of June of the year one thousand nine hundred and
fifty-eight the following Convention, which may be cited as the Discrimination (Employment and Occupation)
Convention, 1958:
Article 1
1. For the purpose of this Convention the term discrimination includes:
a) any distinction, exclusion or preference made on the basis of race, colour, sex, religion, political opinion, national extraction or social origin, which has the effect of nullifying or impairing equality of opportunity or treatment in employment or occupation.
b) such other distinction, exclusion or preference which has the effect of nullifying or impairing equality
of opportunity or treatment in employment or occupation as may be determined by the Member concerned after consultation with representative employers' and workers' organisations, where such exist,
and with other appropriate bodies.
2. Any distinction, exclusion or preference in respect of a particular job based on the inherent requirements thereof shall not be deemed to be discrimination.
3. For the purpose of this Convention the terms employment and occupation include access to vocational training, access to employment and to particular occupations, and terms and conditions of employment.
Article 2
Each Member for which this Convention is in force undertakes to declare and pursue a national policy designed
to promote, by methods appropriate to national conditions and practice, equality of opportunity and treatment in
respect of employment and occupation, with a view to eliminating any discrimination in respect thereof.
75
INTERNATIONAL LABOUR STANDARDS
Article 3
Each Member for which this Convention is in force undertakes, by methods appropriate to national conditions
and practice:
a) to seek the co-operation of employers' and workers' organisations and other appropriate bodies in promoting the acceptance and observance of this policy;
b) to enact such legislation and to promote such educational programmes as may be calculated to secure
the acceptance and observance of the policy;
c) to repeal any statutory provisions and modify any administrative instructions or practices which are inconsistent with the policy;
d) to pursue the policy in respect of employment under the direct control of a national authority;
e) to ensure observance of the policy in the activities of vocational guidance, vocational training and
placement services under the direction of a national authority;
f) to indicate in its annual reports on the application of the Convention the action taken in pursuance of the
policy and the results secured by such action.
Article 4
Any measures affecting an individual who is justifiably suspected of, or engaged in, activities prejudicial to the
security of the State shall not be deemed to be discrimination, provided that the individual concerned shall have
the right to appeal to a competent body established in accordance with national practice.
Article 5
1. Special measures of protection or assistance provided for in other Conventions or Recommendations adopted
by the International Labour Conference shall not be deemed to be discrimination.
2. Any Member may, after consultation with representative employers' and workers' organisations, where such
exist, determine that other special measures designed to meet the particular requirements of persons who, for
reasons such as sex, age, disablement, family responsibilities or social or cultural status, are generally recognised
to require special protection or assistance, shall not be deemed to be discrimination.
Article 6
Each Member which ratifies this Convention undertakes to apply it to non-metropolitan territories in accordance
with the provisions of the Constitution of the International Labour Organisation.
Article 7
The formal ratifications of this Convention shall be communicated to the Director-General of the International
Labour Office for registration.
Article 8
1. This Convention shall be binding only upon those Members of the International Labour Organisation whose
ratifications have been registered with the Director-General.
2. It shall come into force twelve months after the date on which the ratifications of two Members have been registered with the Director-General.
3. Thereafter, this Convention shall come into force for any Member twelve months after the date on which its
ratification has been registered.
Sociedade e Trabalho booklets no. 16
76
Article 9
1. A Member which has ratified this Convention may denounce it after the expiration of ten years from the date
on which the Convention first comes into force, by an act communicated to the Director-General of the International Labour Office for registration. Such denunciation shall not take effect until one year after the date on
which it is registered.
2. Each Member which has ratified this Convention and which does not, within the year following the expiration
of the period of ten years mentioned in the preceding paragraph, exercise the right of denunciation provided for
in this Article, will be bound for another period of ten years and, thereafter, may denounce this Convention at the
expiration of each period of ten years under the terms provided for in this Article.
Article 10
1. The Director-General of the International Labour Office shall notify all Members of the International Labour
Organisation of the registration of all ratifications and denunciations communicated to him by the Members of
the Organisation.
2. When notifying the Members of the Organisation of the registration of the second ratification communicated
to him, the Director-General shall draw the attention of the Members of the Organisation to the date upon which
the Convention will come into force.
Article 11
The Director-General of the International Labour Office shall communicate to the Secretary-General of the United Nations for registration in accordance with Article 102 of the Charter of the United Nations full particulars of
all ratifications and acts of denunciation registered by him in accordance with the provisions of the preceding
Articles.
Article 12
At such times as it may consider necessary the Governing Body of the International Labour Office shall present
to the General Conference a report on the working of this Convention and shall examine the desirability of placing on the agenda of the Conference the question of its revision in whole or in part.
Article 13
1. Should the Conference adopt a new Convention revising this Convention in whole or in part, then, unless the
new Convention otherwise provides:
a) the ratification by a Member of the new revising Convention shall ipso jure involve the immediate denunciation of this Convention, notwithstanding the provisions of Article 9 above, if and when the new
revising Convention shall have come into force;
b) as from the date when the new revising Convention comes into force, this Convention shall cease to be
open to ratification by the Members.
2. This Convention shall in any case remain in force in its actual form and content for those Members which
have ratified it but have not ratified the revising Convention.
Article 14
The English and French versions of the text of this Convention are equally authoritative.
77
INTERNATIONAL LABOUR STANDARDS
C156 Workers with Family Responsibilities Convention, 1981
The General Conference of the International Labour Organisation, having been convened at Geneva by the Governing Body of the International Labour Office and having met in its Sixty-seventh Session on 3 June 1981, and
noting the Declaration of Philadelphia concerning the Aims and Purposes of the International Labour Organisation which recognises that "all human beings, irrespective of race, creed or sex, have the right to pursue their
material well-being and their spiritual development in conditions of freedom and dignity, of economic security
and equal opportunity", and noting the terms of the Declaration on Equality of Opportunity and treatment for
Women Workers and of the resolution concerning a plan of action with a view to promoting equality of opportunity and treatment for women workers, adopted by the International Labour Conference in 1975, and noting the
provisions of international labour Conventions and Recommendations aimed at ensuring equality of opportunity
and treatment for men and women workers, namely the Equal Remuneration Convention and Recommendation,
1951, the Discrimination (Employment and Occupation) Convention and recommendation, 1958, and Part VIII
of the Human Resources Development Recommendation, 1975, and recalling that the Discrimination (Employment and Occupation) Convention, 1958, does not expressly cover distinctions made on the basis of family responsibilities, and considering that supplementary standards are necessary in this respect, and noting the terms of
the Employment (Women with Family Responsibilities) Recommendation, 1965, and considering the changes
which have taken place since its adoption, and noting that instruments on equality of opportunity and treatment
for men and women have also been adopted by the United Nations and other specialised agencies, and recalling,
in particular, the fourteenth paragraph of the Preamble of the United Nations Convention on the Elimination of
All Forms of Discrimination against Women, 1979, to the effect that States Parties are " aware that a change in
the traditional role of men as well as the role of women in society and in the family is needed to achieve full
equality between men and women", and recognising that the problems of workers with family responsibilities
are aspects of wider issues regarding the family and society which should be taken into account in national policies, and recognising the need to create effective equality of opportunity and treatment as between men and
women workers with family responsibilities and between such workers and other workers, and considering that
many of the problems facing all workers are aggravated in the case of workers with family responsibilities and
recognising the need to improve the conditions of the latter both by measures responding to their special needs
and by measures designed to improve the conditions of workers in general, and having decided upon the adoption of certain proposals with regard to equal opportunities and equal treatment for men and women workers:
workers with family responsibilities, which is the fifth item on the agenda of the session, and having determined
that these proposals shall take the form of an international Convention, adopts this twenty-third day of June of
the year one thousand nine hundred and eighty-one the following Convention, which may be cited as the Workers with Family Responsibilities Convention, 1981:
Article 1
1. This Convention applies to men and women workers with responsibilities in relation to their dependent children, where such responsibilities restrict their possibilities of preparing for, entering, participating in or advancing
in economic activity.
2. The provisions of this Convention shall also be applied to men and women workers with responsibilities in
relation to other members of their immediate family who clearly need their care or support, where such responsibilities restrict their possibilities of preparing for, entering, participating in or advancing in economic activity.
3. For the purposes of this Convention, the terms dependent child and other member of the immediate family
who clearly needs care or support mean persons defined as such in each country by one of the means referred to
in Article 9 of this Convention.
4. The workers covered by virtue of paragraphs 1 and 2 of this Article are hereinafter referred to as workers with
family responsibilities.
Sociedade e Trabalho booklets no. 16
78
Article 2
This Convention applies to all branches of economic activity and all categories of workers.
Article 3
1. With a view to creating effective equality of opportunity and treatment for men and women workers, each
Member shall make it an aim of national policy to enable persons with family responsibilities who are engaged
or wish to engage in employment to exercise their right to do so without being subject to discrimination and, to
the extent possible, without conflict between their employment and family responsibilities.
2. For the purposes of paragraph 1 of this Article, the term discrimination means discrimination in employment
and occupation as defined by Articles 1 and 5 of the Discrimination (Employment and Occupation) Convention,
1958.
Article 4
With a view to creating effective equality of opportunity and treatment for men and women workers, all measures compatible with national conditions and possibilities shall be taken:
a) to enable workers with family responsibilities to exercise their right to free choice of employment; and
b) to take account of their needs in terms and conditions of employment and in social security.
Article 5
All measures compatible with national conditions and possibilities shall further be taken:
a) to take account of the needs of workers with family responsibilities in community planning; and
b) to develop or promote community services, public or private, such as child-care and family services and
facilities.
Article 6
The competent authorities and bodies in each country shall take appropriate measures to promote information
and education which engender broader public understanding of the principle of equality of opportunity and
treatment for men and women workers and of the problems of workers with family responsibilities, as well as a
climate of opinion conducive to overcoming these problems.
Article 7
All measures compatible with national conditions and possibilities, including measures in the field of vocational
guidance and training, shall be taken to enable workers with family responsibilities to become and remain integrated in the labour force, as well as to re-enter the labour force after an absence due to those responsibilities.
Article 8
Family responsibilities shall not, as such, constitute a valid reason for termination of employment.
Article 9
The provisions of this Convention may be applied by laws or regulations, collective agreements, works rules,
arbitration awards, court decisions or a combination of these methods, or in any other manner consistent with
national practice which may be appropriate, account being taken of national conditions.
79
INTERNATIONAL LABOUR STANDARDS
Article 10
1. The provisions of this Convention may be applied by stages if necessary, account being taken of national conditions: Provided that such measures of implementation as are taken shall apply in any case to all the workers
covered by Article 1, paragraph 1.
2. Each Member which ratifies this Convention shall indicate in the first report on the application of the Convention submitted under Article 22 of the Constitution of the International Labour Organisation in what respect, if
any, it intends to make use of the faculty given by paragraph 1 of this Article, and shall state in subsequent reports the extent to which effect has been given or is proposed to be given to the Convention in that respect.
Article 11
Employers' and workers' organisations shall have the right to participate, in a manner appropriate to national
conditions and practice, in devising and applying measures designed to give effect to the provisions of this Convention.
Article 12
The formal ratifications of this Convention shall be communicated to the Director-General of the International
Labour Office for registration.
Article 13
1. This Convention shall be binding only upon those Members of the International Labour Organisation whose
ratifications have been registered with the Director-General.
2. It shall come into force twelve months after the date on which the ratifications of two Members have been registered with the Director-General.
3. Thereafter, this Convention shall come into force for any Member twelve months after the date on which its
ratification has been registered.
Article 14
1. A Member which has ratified this Convention may denounce it after the expiration of ten years from the date
on which the Convention first comes into force, by an act communicated to the Director-General of the International Labour Office for registration. Such denunciation shall not take effect until one year after the date on
which it is registered.
2. Each Member which has ratified this Convention and which does not, within the year following the expiration
of the period of ten years mentioned in the preceding paragraph, exercise the right of denunciation provided for
in this Article, will be bound for another period of ten years and, thereafter, may denounce this Convention at the
expiration of each period of ten years under the terms provided for in this Article.
Article 15
1. The Director-General of the International Labour Office shall notify all Members of the International Labour
Organisation of the registration of all ratifications and denunciations communicated to him by the Members of
the Organisation.
2. When notifying the Members of the Organisation of the registration of the second ratification communicated
to him, the Director-General shall draw the attention of the Members of the Organisation to the date upon which
the Convention will come into force.
Sociedade e Trabalho booklets no. 16
80
Article 16
The Director-General of the International Labour Office shall communicate to the Secretary-General of the United Nations for registration in accordance with Article 102 of the Charter of the United Nations full particulars of
all ratifications and acts of denunciation registered by him in accordance with the provisions of the preceding
Articles.
Article 17
At such times as it may consider necessary the Governing Body of the International Labour Office shall present
to the General Conference a report on the working of this Convention and shall examine the desirability of placing on the agenda of the Conference the question of its revision in whole or in part.
Article 18
1. Should the Conference adopt a new Convention revising this Convention in whole or in part, then, unless the
new Convention otherwise provides:
a) the ratification by a Member of the new revising Convention shall ipso jure involve the immediate denunciation of this Convention, notwithstanding the provisions of Article 14 above, if and when the new
revising Convention shall have come into force;
b) as from the date when the new revising Convention comes into force this Convention shall cease to be
open to ratification by the Members.
2. This Convention shall in any case remain in force in its actual form and content for those Members which
have ratified it but have not ratified the revising Convention.
Article 19
The English and French versions of the text of this Convention are equally authoritative.
C183 Maternity Protection Convention, 2000
The General Conference of the International Labour Organization, having been convened at Geneva by the Governing Body of the International Labour Office, and having met in its 88th Session on 30 May 2000, and noting
the need to revise the Maternity Protection Convention (Revised), 1952, and the Maternity Protection Recommendation, 1952, in order to further promote equality of all women in the workforce and the health and safety of
the mother and child, and in order to recognize the diversity in economic and social development of Members, as
well as the diversity of enterprises, and the development of the protection of maternity in national law and practice, and noting the provisions of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948), the United Nations Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (1979), the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (1989), the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action (1995), the International
Labour Organization's Declaration on Equality of Opportunity and Treatment for Women Workers (1975), the
International Labour Organization's Declaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work and its Followup (1998), as well as the international labour Conventions and Recommendations aimed at ensuring equality of
opportunity and treatment for men and women workers, in particular the Convention concerning Workers with
Family Responsibilities, 1981, and taking into account the circumstances of women workers and the need to
provide protection for pregnancy, which are the shared responsibility of government and society, and having decided upon the adoption of certain proposals with regard to the revision of the Maternity Protection Convention
(Revised), 1952, and Recommendation, 1952, which is the fourth item on the agenda of the session, and having
determined that these proposals shall take the form of an international Convention; adopts this fifteenth day of
81
INTERNATIONAL LABOUR STANDARDS
June of the year two thousand the following Convention, which may be cited as the Maternity Protection Convention, 2000.
Scope
Article 1
For the purposes of this Convention, the term woman applies to any female person without discrimination whatsoever and the term child applies to any child without discrimination whatsoever.
Article 2
1. This Convention applies to all employed women, including those in atypical forms of dependent work.
2. However, each Member which ratifies this Convention may, after consulting the representative organizations
of employers and workers concerned, exclude wholly or partly from the scope of the Convention limited categories of workers when its application to them would raise special problems of a substantial nature.
3. Each Member which avails itself of the possibility afforded in the preceding paragraph shall, in its first report
on the application of the Convention under article 22 of the Constitution of the International Labour Organization, list the categories of workers thus excluded and the reasons for their exclusion. In its subsequent reports,
the Member shall describe the measures taken with a view to progressively extending the provisions of the Convention to these categories.
Health protection
Article 3
Each Member shall, after consulting the representative organizations of employers and workers, adopt appropriate measures to ensure that pregnant or breastfeeding women are not obliged to perform work which has been
determined by the competent authority to be prejudicial to the health of the mother or the child, or where an assessment has established a significant risk to the mother's health or that of her child.
Maternity leave
Article 4
1. On production of a medical certificate or other appropriate certification, as determined by national law and
practice, stating the presumed date of childbirth, a woman to whom this Convention applies shall be entitled to a
period of maternity leave of not less than 14 weeks.
2. The length of the period of leave referred to above shall be specified by each Member in a declaration accompanying its ratification of this Convention.
3. Each Member may subsequently deposit with the Director-General of the International Labour Office a further
declaration extending the period of maternity leave.
4. With due regard to the protection of the health of the mother and that of the child, maternity leave shall include a period of six weeks' compulsory leave after childbirth, unless otherwise agreed at the national level by
the government and the representative organizations of employers and workers.
5. The prenatal portion of maternity leave shall be extended by any period elapsing between the presumed date
of childbirth and the actual date of childbirth, without reduction in any compulsory portion of postnatal leave.
Sociedade e Trabalho booklets no. 16
82
Leave in case of illness or complications
Article 5
On production of a medical certificate, leave shall be provided before or after the maternity leave period in the
case of illness, complications or risk of complications arising out of pregnancy or childbirth. The nature and the
maximum duration of such leave may be specified in accordance with national law and practice.
Benefits
Article 6
1. Cash benefits shall be provided, in accordance with national laws and regulations, or in any other manner consistent with national practice, to women who are absent from work on leave referred to in Articles 4 or 5.
2. Cash benefits shall be at a level which ensures that the woman can maintain herself and her child in proper
conditions of health and with a suitable standard of living.
3. Where, under national law or practice, cash benefits paid with respect to leave referred to in Article 4 are
based on previous earnings, the amount of such benefits shall not be less than two-thirds of the woman's previous earnings or of such of those earnings as are taken into account for the purpose of computing benefits.
4. Where, under national law or practice, other methods are used to determine the cash benefits paid with respect
to leave referred to in Article 4, the amount of such benefits shall be comparable to the amount resulting on average from the application of the preceding paragraph.
5. Each Member shall ensure that the conditions to qualify for cash benefits can be satisfied by a large majority
of the women to whom this Convention applies.
6. Where a woman does not meet the conditions to qualify for cash benefits under national laws and regulations
or in any other manner consistent with national practice, she shall be entitled to adequate benefits out of social
assistance funds, subject to the means test required for such assistance.
7. Medical benefits shall be provided for the woman and her child in accordance with national laws and regulations or in any other manner consistent with national practice. Medical benefits shall include prenatal, childbirth
and postnatal care, as well as hospitalization care when necessary.
8. In order to protect the situation of women in the labour market, benefits in respect of the leave referred to in
Articles 4 and 5 shall be provided through compulsory social insurance or public funds, or in a manner determined by national law and practice. An employer shall not be individually liable for the direct cost of any such
monetary benefit to a woman employed by him or her without that employer's specific agreement except where:
a) such is provided for in national law or practice in a member State prior to the date of adoption of this
Convention by the International Labour Conference; or
b) it is subsequently agreed at the national level by the government and the representative organizations of
employers and workers.
Article 7
1. A Member whose economy and social security system are insufficiently developed shall be deemed to be in
compliance with Article 6, paragraphs 3 and 4, if cash benefits are provided at a rate no lower than a rate payable
for sickness or temporary disability in accordance with national laws and regulations.
2. A Member which avails itself of the possibility afforded in the preceding paragraph shall, in its first report on
the application of this Convention under article 22 of the Constitution of the International Labour Organization,
explain the reasons therefor and indicate the rate at which cash benefits are provided. In its subsequent reports,
the Member shall describe the measures taken with a view to progressively raising the rate of benefits.
83
INTERNATIONAL LABOUR STANDARDS
Employment protection and non-discrimination
Article 8
1. It shall be unlawful for an employer to terminate the employment of a woman during her pregnancy or absence on leave referred to in Articles 4 or 5 or during a period following her return to work to be prescribed by
national laws or regulations, except on grounds unrelated to the pregnancy or birth of the child and its consequences or nursing. The burden of proving that the reasons for dismissal are unrelated to pregnancy or childbirth
and its consequences or nursing shall rest on the employer.
2. A woman is guaranteed the right to return to the same position or an equivalent position paid at the same rate
at the end of her maternity leave.
Article 9
1. Each Member shall adopt appropriate measures to ensure that maternity does not constitute a source of discrimination in employment, including - notwithstanding Article 2, paragraph 1 - access to employment.
2. Measures referred to in the preceding paragraph shall include a prohibition from requiring a test for pregnancy
or a certificate of such a test when a woman is applying for employment, except where required by national laws
or regulations in respect of work that is:
a) prohibited or restricted for pregnant or nursing women under national laws or regulations; or
b) where there is a recognized or significant risk to the health of the woman and child.
Breastfeeding mothers
Article 10
1. A woman shall be provided with the right to one or more daily breaks or a daily reduction of hours of work to
breastfeed her child.
2. The period during which nursing breaks or the reduction of daily hours of work are allowed, their number, the
duration of nursing breaks and the procedures for the reduction of daily hours of work shall be determined by
national law and practice. These breaks or the reduction of daily hours of work shall be counted as working time
and remunerated accordingly.
Periodic review
Article 11
Each Member shall examine periodically, in consultation with the representative organizations of employers and
workers, the appropriateness of extending the period of leave referred to in Article 4 or of increasing the amount
or the rate of the cash benefits referred to in Article 6.
Implementation
Article 12
This Convention shall be implemented by means of laws or regulations, except in so far as effect is given to it by
other means such as collective agreements, arbitration awards, court decisions, or in any other manner consistent
with national practice.
Final provisions
Article 13
This Convention revises the Maternity Protection Convention (Revised), 1952.
Sociedade e Trabalho booklets no. 16
84
Article 14
The formal ratifications of this Convention shall be communicated to the Director-General of the International
Labour Office for registration.
Article 15
1. This Convention shall be binding only upon those Members of the International Labour Organization whose
ratifications have been registered with the Director-General of the International Labour Office.
2. It shall come into force 12 months after the date on which the ratifications of two Members have been registered with the Director-General. 3. Thereafter, this Convention shall come into force for any Member 12 months
after the date on which its ratification has been registered.
Article 16
1. A Member which has ratified this Convention may denounce it after the expiration of ten years from the date
on which the Convention first comes into force, by an act communicated to the Director-General of the International Labour Office for registration. Such denunciation shall not take effect until one year after the date on
which it is registered.
2. Each Member which has ratified this Convention and which does not, within the year following the expiration
of the period of ten years mentioned in the preceding paragraph, exercise the right of denunciation provided for
in this Article, will be bound for another period of ten years and, thereafter, may denounce this Convention at the
expiration of each period of ten years under the terms provided for in this Article.
Article 17
1. The Director-General of the International Labour Office shall notify all Members of the International Labour
Organization of the registration of all ratifications and acts of denunciation communicated by the Members of
the Organization.
2. When notifying the Members of the Organization of the registration of the second ratification, the DirectorGeneral shall draw the attention of the Members of the Organization to the date upon which the Convention shall
come into force.
Article 18
The Director-General of the International Labour Office shall communicate to the Secretary-General of the United Nations, for registration in accordance with article 102 of the Charter of the United Nations, full particulars of
all ratifications and acts of denunciation registered by the Director-General in accordance with the provisions of
the preceding Articles.
Article 19
At such times as it may consider necessary, the Governing Body of the International Labour Office shall present
to the General Conference a report on the working of this Convention and shall examine the desirability of placing on the agenda of the Conference the question of its revision in whole or in part.
Article 20
1. Should the Conference adopt a new Convention revising this Convention in whole or in part, then, unless the
new Convention otherwise provides:
a) the ratification by a Member of the new revising Convention shall ipso jure involve the immediate denunciation of this Convention, notwithstanding the provisions of Article 16 above, if and when the new
revising Convention shall have come into force;
85
INTERNATIONAL LABOUR STANDARDS
b) as from the date when the new revising Convention comes into force, this Convention shall cease to be
open to ratification by the Members.
2. This Convention shall in any case remain in force in its actual form and content for those Members which
have ratified it but have not ratified the revising Convention.
Article 21
The English and French versions of the text of this Convention are equally authoritative.
R200 HIV and AIDS Recommendation, 2010
The General Conference of the International Labour Organization,
Having been convened at Geneva by the Governing Body of the International Labour Office, and having
met in its 99th Session on 2 June 2010, and noting that HIV and AIDS have a serious impact on society and
economies, on the world of work in both the formal and informal sectors, on workers, their families and dependants, on the employers and workers organizations and on public and private enterprises, and undermine the attainment of decent work and sustainable development, and reaffirming the importance of the International Labour Organization s role in addressing HIV and AIDS in the world of work and the need for the Organization to
strengthen its efforts to achieve social justice and to combat discrimination and stigmatization with regard to
HIV and AIDS in all aspects of its work and mandate, and recalling the importance of reducing the informal
economy by attaining decent work and sustainable development in order to better mobilize the world of work in
the response to HIV and AIDS, and Noting that high levels of social and economic inequality, lack of information and awareness, lack of confidentiality and insufficient access to and adherence to treatment, increase the risk
of HIV transmission, mortality levels, the number of children who have lost one or both parents and the number
of workers engaged in informal work, and considering that poverty, social and economic inequality and unemployment increase the risk of lack of access to prevention, treatment, care and support, therefore increasing the
risk of transmission, and noting that stigma, discrimination and the threat of job loss suffered by persons affected
by HIV or AIDS are barriers to knowing one s HIV status, thus increasing the vulnerability of workers to HIV
and undermining their right to social benefits, and noting that HIV and AIDS have a more severe impact on vulnerable and at-risk groups, and noting that HIV affects both men and women, although women and girls are at
greater risk and more vulnerable to HIV infection and are disproportionately affected by the HIV pandemic
compared to men as a result of gender inequality, and that women s empowerment is therefore a key factor in the
global response to HIV and AIDS, and recalling the importance of safeguarding workers through comprehensive
occupational safety and health programmes, and Recalling the value of the ILO code of practice An ILO code of
practice on HIV/ AIDS and the world of work, 2001, and the need to strengthen its impact given that there are
limits and gaps in its implementation, and noting the need to promote and implement the international labour
Conventions and Recommendations and other international instruments that are relevant to HIV and AIDS and
the world of work, including those that recognize the right to the highest attainable standard of health and to decent living standards, and recalling the specific role of employers and workers organizations in promoting and
supporting national and international efforts in response to HIV and AIDS in and through the world of work, and
noting the important role of the workplace as regards information about and access to prevention, treatment, care
and support in the national response to HIV and AIDS, and affirming the need to continue and increase international cooperation, in particular in the context of the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/ AIDS, to support
efforts to give effect to this Recommendation, and Recalling the value of collaboration at the national, regional
and international levels with the structures dealing with HIV and AIDS, including the health sector and with relevant organizations, especially those representing persons living with HIV, and affirming the need to set an international standard in order to guide governments and organizations of employers and workers in defining their
roles and responsibilities at all levels, and having decided upon the adoption of certain proposals with regard to
Sociedade e Trabalho booklets no. 16
86
HIV and AIDS and the world of work, and having determined that these proposals shall take the form of a Recommendation; adopts this seventeenth day of June of the year two thousand and ten the following Recommendation, which may be cited as the HIV and AIDS Recommendation, 2010.
I. Definitions
1. For the purposes of this Recommendation:
a) HIV refers to the human immunodeficiency virus, a virus that damages the human immune system. Infection can be prevented by appropriate measures;
b) AIDS refers to the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome which results from advanced stages of HIV
infection, and is characterized by opportunistic infections or HIV-related cancers, or both;
c) persons living with HIV means persons infected with HIV;
d) stigma means the social mark that, when associated with a person, usually causes marginalization or
presents an obstacle to the full enjoyment of social life by the person infected or affected by HIV;
e) discrimination means any distinction, exclusion or preference which has the effect of nullifying or impairing equality of opportunity or treatment in employment or occupation, as referred to in the Discrimination (Employment and Occupation) Convention, 1958, and Recommendation, 1958;
f) affected persons means persons whose lives are changed by HIV or AIDS owing to the broader impact
of the pandemic;
g) reasonable accommodation means any modification or adjustment to a job or to the workplace that is
reasonably practicable and enables a person living with HIV or AIDS to have access to, or participate
or advance in, employment;
h) vulnerability means the unequal opportunities, social exclusion, unemployment or precarious employment, resulting from the social, cultural, political and economic factors that make a person more susceptible to HIV infection and to developing AIDS;
i) workplace refers to any place in which workers perform their activity; and
j) worker refers to any persons working under any form or arrangement.
II. Scope
2. This Recommendation covers:
a) all workers working under all forms or arrangements, and at all workplaces, including:
i) persons in any employment or occupation;
ii) those in training, including interns and apprentices;
iii) volunteers;
iv) jobseekers and job applicants; and
v) laid-off and suspended workers;
b) all sectors of economic activity, including the private and public sectors and the formal and informal
economies; and
c) armed forces and uniformed services.
III. General principles
3. The following general principles should apply to all action involved in the national response to HIV and AIDS
in the world of work:
a) the response to HIV and AIDS should be recognized as contributing to the realization of human rights
and fundamental freedoms and gender equality for all, including workers, their families and their dependants;
87
INTERNATIONAL LABOUR STANDARDS
b) HIV and AIDS should be recognized and treated as a workplace issue, which should be included
among the essential elements of the national, regional and international response to the pandemic with
full participation of organizations of employers and workers;
c) there should be no discrimination against or stigmatization of workers, in particular jobseekers and job
applicants, on the grounds of real or perceived HIV status or the fact that they belong to regions of the
world or segments of the population perceived to be at greater risk of or more vulnerable to HIV infection;
d) prevention of all means of HIV transmission should be a fundamental priority;
e) workers, their families and their dependants should have access to and benefit from prevention, treatment, care and support in relation to HIV and AIDS, and the workplace should play a role in facilitating access to these services;
f) workers participation and engagement in the design, implementation and evaluation of national and
workplace programmes should be recognized and reinforced;
g) workers should benefit from programmes to prevent specific risks of occupational transmission of HIV
and related transmissible diseases, such as tuberculosis;
h) workers, their families and their dependants should enjoy protection of their privacy, including confidentiality related to HIV and AIDS, in particular with regard to their own HIV status;
i) no workers should be required to undertake an HIV test or disclose their HIV status;
j) measures to address HIV and AIDS in the world of work should be part of national development policies and programmes, including those related to labour, education, social protection and health; and
k) the protection of workers in occupations that are particularly exposed to the risk of HIV transmission.
IV. National policies and programmes
4. Members should:
a) adopt national policies and programmes on HIV and AIDS and the world of work and on occupational
safety and health, where they do not already exist; and
b) integrate their policies and programmes on HIV and AIDS and the world of work in development plans
and poverty reduction strategies, including decent work, sustainable enterprises and income-generating
strategies, as appropriate.
5. In developing the national policies and programmes, the competent authorities should take into account the
ILO code of practice on HIV/AIDS of 2001, and any subsequent revision, other relevant International Labour
Organization instruments, and other international guidelines adopted on this subject.
6. The national policies and programmes should be developed by the competent authorities, in consultation with
the most representative organizations of employers and workers, as well as organizations representing persons
living with HIV, taking into account the views of relevant sectors, especially the health sector.
7. In developing the national policies and programmes, the competent authorities should take into account the
role of the workplace in prevention, treatment, care and support, including the promotion of voluntary counselling and testing, in collaboration with local communities.
8. Members should take every opportunity to disseminate information about their policies and programmes on
HIV and AIDS and the world of work through organizations of employers and workers, other relevant HIV and
AIDS entities, and public information channels.
Sociedade e Trabalho booklets no. 16
88
Discrimination and promotion of equality of opportunity and treatment
9. Governments, in consultation with the most representative organizations of employers and workers should
consider affording protection equal to that available under the Discrimination (Employment and Occupation)
Convention, 1958, to prevent discrimination based on real or perceived HIV status.
10. Real or perceived HIV status should not be a ground of discrimination preventing the recruitment or continued employment, or the pursuit of equal opportunities consistent with the provisions of the Discrimination (Employment and Occupation) Convention, 1958.
11. Real or perceived HIV status should not be a cause for termination of employment. Temporary absence from
work because of illness or caregiving duties related to HIV or AIDS should be treated in the same way as absences for other health reasons, taking into account the Termination of Employment Convention, 1982.
12. When existing measures against discrimination in the workplace are inadequate for effective protection
against discrimination in relation to HIV and AIDS, Members should adapt these measures or put new ones in
place, and provide for their effective and transparent implementation.
13. Persons with HIV-related illness should not be denied the possibility of continuing to carry out their work,
with reasonable accommodation if necessary, for as long as they are medically fit to do so. Measures to redeploy
such persons to work reasonably adapted to their abilities, to find other work through training or to facilitate
their return to work should be encouraged, taking into consideration the relevant International Labour Organization and United Nations instruments.
14. Measures should be taken in or through the workplace to reduce the transmission of HIV and alleviate its
impact by:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
ensuring respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms;
ensuring gender equality and the empowerment of women;
ensuring actions to prevent and prohibit violence and harassment in the workplace;
promoting the active participation of both women and men in the response to HIV and AIDS;
promoting the involvement and empowerment of all workers regardless of their sexual orientation and
whether or not they belong to a vulnerable group; (f) promoting the protection of sexual and reproductive health and sexual and reproductive rights of women and men; and
g) ensuring the effective confidentiality of personal data, including medical data.
Prevention
15. Prevention strategies should be adapted to national conditions and the type of workplace, and should take
into account gender, cultural, social and economic concerns.
16. Prevention programmes should ensure:
a) that accurate, up to date, relevant and timely information is made available and accessible to all in a
culturally sensitive format and language through the different channels of communication available
b) comprehensive education programmes to help women and men understand and reduce the risk of all
modes of HIV transmission, including mother-to-child transmission, and understand the importance of
changing risk behaviours related to infection;
c) effective occupational safety and health measures;
d) measures to encourage workers to know their own HIV status through voluntary counselling and testing;
89
INTERNATIONAL LABOUR STANDARDS
e) access to all means of prevention, including but not limited to guaranteeing the availability of necessary supplies, in particular male and female condoms and, where appropriate, information about their
correct use, and the availability of post-exposure prophylaxis;
f) effective measures to reduce high-risk behaviours, including for the most at-risk groups, with a view to
decreasing the incidence of HIV; and
g) harm reduction strategies based on guidelines published by the World Health Organization (WHO), the
Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) and the United Nations Office on Drugs
and Crime (UNODC) and other relevant guidelines.
Treatment and care
17. Members should ensure that their national policies and programmes on workplace health interventions are
determined in consultation with employers and workers and their representatives and are linked to public health
services. They should offer the broadest range of appropriate and effective interventions to prevent HIV and
AIDS and manage their impact.
18. Members should ensure that workers living with HIV and their dependants benefit from full access to health
care, whether this is provided under public health, social security systems or private insurance or other schemes.
Members should also ensure the education and awareness raising of workers to facilitate their access to health
care.
19. All persons covered by this Recommendation, including workers living with HIV and their families and their
dependants, should be entitled to health services.
These services should include access to free or affordable:
a) voluntary counselling and testing;
b) antiretroviral treatment and adherence education, information and support; (c) proper nutrition consistent with treatment;
d) reatment for opportunistic infections and sexually transmitted infections, and any other HIV-related illnesses, in particular tuberculosis; and
e) support and prevention programmes for persons living with HIV, including psychosocial support.
20. There should be no discrimination against workers or their dependants based on real or perceived HIV status
in access to social security systems and occupational insurance schemes, or in relation to benefits under such
schemes, including for health care and disability, and death and survivors benefits.
Support
21. Programmes of care and support should include measures of reasonable accommodation in the workplace for
persons living with HIV or HIV-related illnesses, with due regard to national conditions. Work should be organized in such a way as to accommodate the episodic nature of HIV and AIDS, as well as possible side effects of
treatment.
22. Members should promote the retention in work and recruitment of persons living with HIV. Members should
consider extending support through periods of employment and unemployment, including where necessary income-generating opportunities for persons living with HIV or persons affected by HIV or AIDS.
23. Where a direct link can be established between an occupation and the risk of infection, AIDS and infection
by HIV should be recognized as an occupational disease or accident, in accordance with national procedures and
Sociedade e Trabalho booklets no. 16
90
definitions, and with reference to the List of Occupational Diseases Recommendation, 2002, as well as other relevant International Labour Organization instruments.
Testing, privacy and confidentiality
24. Testing must be genuinely voluntary and free of any coercion and testing programmes must respect international guidelines on confidentiality, counselling and consent.
25. HIV testing or other forms of screening for HIV should not be required of workers, including migrant workers, jobseekers and job applicants.
26. The results of HIV testing should be confidential and not endanger access to jobs, tenure, job security or opportunities for advancement.
27. Workers, including migrant workers, jobseekers and job applicants, should not be required by countries of
origin, of transit or of destination to disclose HIVrelated information about themselves or others. Access to such
information should be governed by rules of confidentiality consistent with the ILO code of practice on the protection of workers personal data, 1997, and other relevant international data protection standards.
28. Migrant workers, or those seeking to migrate for employment, should not be excluded from migration by the
countries of origin, of transit or of destination on the basis of their real or perceived HIV status.
29. Members should have in place easily accessible dispute resolution procedures which ensure redress for
workers if their rights set out above are violated.
Occupational safety and health
30. The working environment should be safe and healthy, in order to prevent transmission of HIV in the
workplace, taking into account the Occupational Safety and Health Convention, 1981, and Recommendation,
1981, the Promotional Framework for Occupational Safety and Health Convention, 2006, and Recommendation,
2006, and other relevant international instruments, such as joint International Labour Office and WHO guidance
documents.
31. Safety and health measures to prevent workers exposure to HIV at work should include universal precautions, accident and hazard prevention measures, such as organizational measures, engineering and work practice
controls, personal protective equipment, as appropriate, environmental control measures and postexposure
prophylaxis and other safety measures to minimize the risk of contracting HIV and tuberculosis, especially in
occupations most at risk, including in the healthcare sector.
32. When there is a possibility of exposure to HIV at work, workers should receive education and training on
modes of transmission and measures to prevent exposure and infection. Members should take measures to ensure
that prevention, safety and health are provided for in accordance with relevant standards.
33. Awareness-raising measures should emphasize that HIV is not transmitted by casual physical contact and
that the presence of a person living with HIV should not be considered a workplace hazard.
34. Occupational health services and workplace mechanisms related to occupational safety and health should
address HIV and AIDS, taking into account the Occupational Health Services Convention, 1985, and Recom-
91
INTERNATIONAL LABOUR STANDARDS
mendation, 1985, the Joint ILO/WHO guidelines on health services and HIV/AIDS, 2005, and any subsequent
revision, and other relevant international instruments.
Children and young persons
35. Members should take measures to combat child labour and child trafficking that may result from the death or
illness of family members or caregivers due to AIDS and to reduce the vulnerability of children to HIV, taking
into account the ILO Declaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work, 1998, the Minimum Age Convention, 1973, and Recommendation, 1973, and the Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention, 1999, and Recommendation, 1999. Special measures should be taken to protect these children from sexual abuse and sexual
exploitation.
36. Members should take measures to protect young workers against HIV infection, and to include the special
needs of children and young persons in the response to HIV and AIDS in national policies and programmes.
These should include objective sexual and reproductive health education, in particular the dissemination of information on HIV and AIDS through vocational training and in youth employment programmes and services.
V. Implementation
37. National policies and programmes on HIV and AIDS and the world of work should:
a) be given effect, in consultation with the most representative organizations of employers and workers
and other parties concerned, including relevant public and private occupational health structures, by
one or a combination of the following means:
i) national laws and regulations;
ii) collective agreements;
iii) national and workplace policies and programmes of action; and
iv) sectoral strategies, with particular attention to sectors in which persons covered by this Recommendation are most at risk;
b) involve the judicial authorities competent in labour issues, and labour administration authorities in the
planning and implementation of the policies and programmes, and training in this regard should be
provided to them;
c) provide for measures in national laws and regulations to address breaches of privacy and confidentiality and other protection afforded under this Recommendation;
d) ensure collaboration and coordination among the public authorities and public and private services
concerned, including insurance and benefit programmes or other types of programmes;
e) promote and support all enterprises to implement the national policies and programmes, including
through their supply chains and distribution networks, with the participation of organizations of employers and workers and ensure that enterprises operating in the export processing zones comply;
f) promote social dialogue, including consultation and negotiation, consistent with the Tripartite Consultation (International Labour Standards) Convention, 1976, and other forms of cooperation among government authorities, public and private employers and workers and their representatives, taking into account the views of occupational health personnel, specialists in HIV and AIDS, and other parties including organizations representing persons living with HIV, international organizations, relevant civil
society organizations and country coordinating mechanisms;
g) be formulated, implemented, regularly reviewed and updated, taking into consideration the most recent
scientific and social developments and the need to mainstream gender and cultural concerns;
h) be coordinated with, among others, labour, social security and health policies and programmes; and
Sociedade e Trabalho booklets no. 16
92
i) ensure that Members make reasonable provision for the means of their implementation, with due regard to national conditions, as well as to the capacity of employers and workers.
Social dialogue
38. Implementation of policies and programmes on HIV and AIDS should be based on cooperation and trust
among employers and workers and their representatives, and governments, with the active involvement, at their
workplace, of persons living with HIV.
39. Organizations of employers and workers should promote awareness of HIV and AIDS, including prevention
and non-discrimination, through the provision of education and information to their members. These should be
sensitive to gender and cultural concerns.
Education, training, information and consultation
40. Training, safety instructions and any necessary guidance in the workplace related to HIV and AIDS should
be provided in a clear and accessible form for all workers and, in particular, for migrant workers, newly engaged
or inexperienced workers, young workers and persons in training, including interns and apprentices. Training,
instructions and guidance should be sensitive to gender and cultural concerns and adapted to the characteristics
of the workforce, taking into account the risk factors for the workforce.
41. Up to date scientific and socio-economic information and, where appropriate, education and training on HIV
and AIDS should be available to employers, managers and workers representatives, in order to assist them in
taking appropriate measures in the workplace.
42. Workers, including interns, trainees and volunteers should receive awarenessraising information and appropriate training in HIV infection control procedures in the context of workplace accidents and first aid. Workers
whose occupations put them at risk of exposure to human blood, blood products and other body fluids should
receive additional training in exposure prevention, exposure registration procedures and post-exposure prophylaxis.
43. Workers and their representatives should have the right to be informed and consulted on measures taken to
implement workplace policies and programmes related to HIV and AIDS. Workers and employers representatives should participate in workplace inspections in accordance with national practice.
Public services
44. The role of the labour administration services, including the labour inspectorate, and of the judicial authorities competent in labour issues, in the response to HIV and AIDS, should be reviewed and, if necessary, strengthened.
45. Public health systems should be strengthened and follow the Joint ILO/WHO guidelines on health services
and HIV/AIDS, 2005, and any subsequent revision, to help ensure greater access to prevention, treatment, care
and support, and reduce the additional strain on public services, particularly on health workers, caused by HIV
and AIDS.
International cooperation
46. Members should cooperate, through bilateral or multilateral agreements, through their participation in the
multilateral system or through other effective means, in order to give effect to this Recommendation.
93
INTERNATIONAL LABOUR STANDARDS
47. Measures to ensure access to HIV prevention, treatment, care and support services for migrant workers
should be taken by countries of origin, of transit and of destination, and agreements should be concluded among
the countries concerned, whenever appropriate.
48. International cooperation should be encouraged between and among Members, their national structures on
HIV and AIDS and relevant international organizations and should include the systematic exchange of information on all measures taken to respond to the HIV pandemic.
49. Members and multilateral organizations should give particular attention to coordination and to the necessary
resources to satisfy the needs of all countries, especially high prevalence countries, in the development of international strategies and programmes for prevention, treatment, care and support related to HIV.
50. Members and international organizations should seek to reduce the price of supplies of any type, for the prevention, treatment and care of infection caused by HIV and other opportunistic infections and HIV-related cancers.
VI. Follow-up
51. Members should establish an appropriate mechanism or make use of an existing one, for monitoring developments in relation to their national policy on HIV and AIDS and the world of work, as well as for formulating
advice on its adoption and implementation.
52. The most representative organizations of employers and workers should be represented, on an equal footing,
in the mechanism for monitoring developments in relation to the national policy. In addition, these organizations
should be consulted under the mechanism as often as necessary, taking into consideration the views of organizations of persons living with HIV, expert reports or technical studies.
53. Members should, to the extent possible, collect detailed information and statistical data and undertake research on developments at the national and sectoral levels in relation to HIV and AIDS in the world of work,
taking into account the distribution of women and men and other relevant factors.
54. In addition to the reporting under article 19 of the Constitution of the International Labour Organization, a
regular review of action taken on the basis of this Recommendatin could be included in national reports to UNAIDS and reports under relevant international instruments.
&RS\ULJKW,/2
$JURXSRI,/2RIILFLDOVZDLWLQJWRERDUGVKLS/LVERQ3RUWXJDO
6HSWHPEHU)URPWKHSULYDWHFROOHFWLRQRI&DURO5LHJHOPDQ /XELQ
DISCLOSURE
International Labour Organization
1
1919
Constitution of the ILO - Part XIII of the Versailles Treaty, 28 June
Maternity Protection Convention (No. 3).
1941
Frances Perkins (EUA) was the first women President of the International Labour Conference (ILC).
1944
Declaration concerning the aims and purposes of the International Labour Organisation (ILO) (Declaration of Philadelphia).
1947
The ILC approves a resolution on equal remuneration.
1948
Unversal Declaration of Human Rights.
Night work (Women) Convention (Revised) (No. 89).
1950
Special conference o women worker experts 1951, before to the 1951 ILC.
1951
Equal Remuneration Convention (No. 100).
1952
Maternity Protection Convention (Revised) (No.103) and Recommendation (No. 95).
1958
Discrimination (Employment and Occupation) (No.111) and Recommendation (No. 111).
1960
Historical time line of gender equality in the world of work: selected dates1
Ana Figueiroa (Chile) was the first Assistant Director – General of the ILO.
Adapted from Women’s empowerment: 90 years of ILO action!, May 2009, Gender Equality at the heart of decent work campaign.
__________
ILO AND GENDER EQUALITY IN THE WORLD OF WORK, Sociedade
e Trabalho booklets, no. 16, 2011, pp. 97-100
1964
Employment Policy Convention (No.122) and Recommendation (No.122).
1968
Sociedade e Trabalho booklets no. 16
Resolution on remuneration of women in the textil industry.
1974
98
Paid Educational Leave Convention (No.140).
1975
First World Conference on Women (Mexico City).
Declaration of Equality of Opportunity and Treatment for Women Workers.
Antoinette Waelbroeck Béguin (France) was the first women to be appointed a department chief.
Office of the Special Adviser for Women Workers’ Questions (FEMMES) established.
Tripartite Declaration of Principles concerning Multinational Enterprises and Social Policy.
1979
Second World Conference on Women (Copenhagen).
Workers with Family Responsibilities Convention (No. 156) and Recommendation (No. 165).
Aida Gonzalez-Martinez (Mexico) was elected to chair the Governing Body.
ILO Mid-Term Plan (1982-87) includes “women workers” as one of the 6 global themes.
Employment Policy (Supplementary Provisions) ecommendation (No.169).
Third World Conference on Women (Nairobi).
1986
Governing Body evaluates women-specific technical cooperation (TC) programmes and recommends women in development
(WID) approach.
1987
ILC 71st Session resolution on equal opportunities and equal treatment for men and women in employment.
Governing Body endorses Plan of Action on equality of opportunity and treatment of men and women in employment.
1988
1985
1984
1982
Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) (in force 1981).
1980
First number of the ILO review “Womens at work”.
1981
1977
1976
Human Resources Development Convention (No. 142) and Recommendation (No. 150).
Guidelines for integrating women’s interest in TC project design.
99
Night Work Convention (No. 171 and Recommendation (No. 178).
1991
ILC 78th Session resolution concerning ILO action for women workers.
1993
Launch of Interdepartmental Project on Equality for Women in Employment.
World Conference on Human Rights (Vienna) and Programme of Action.
1994
1990
DISCLOSURE
Part-Time Work Convention (No. 175) and Recommandation (No. 182).
1995
World Summit for Social Development (Copenhagen).
Fourth World Conference on Women (Beijing).
ILO Action Plan on Gender Mainstreaming for Gender Equality.
1996
Launch of TC project “More and Better Jobs for Women”.
1998
Home Work Convention (No. 177) and Recommendation (No. 184).
1997
Office Circular on sexual harassement policy and procedures (No. 543).
ILO Declaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work.
Job Creation in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Recommendation (No. 189).
1999
The Decent Work concept was formulated by the ILO. It means that women and men should had access equal opportunities to a
productive work in conditions of freedom, equality, security and human dignity.
CEDAW Optional Protocol.
Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention (No. 182) and Recommendation (No. 190).
Bureau for Gender Equality (GENDER) established.
Office Circular on gender equality and mainstreaming in the ILO (No. 564).
2000
World Summit for Socail Development and Beyond: Copenhagen +5 (Geneva).
23rd Special Session of the General Assembly: Beijing +5 (New York).
Millenium Development Goals.
2001
First Participatory Gender Audit in the Office.
2002
Maternity Protection Convention (No.183) and Recommendation (No. 191).
Governing Body examines report on first Participatory Gender Audit in the Office.
2003
2004
ILC 92nd Session resolution concerning the promotion of gender equality, pay equity and maternity protection.
2005
Governing Body instruction to include gender in technical cooperation.
2006
Employment Relationship Recommendation (No. 198).
2007
Second Global report under the follow-up to the ILO Declaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work – Equality at
work : tackling the challenges.
Ilo Declaration on Social Justice for a Fair Globalization.
90 years of ILO.
ILO Campaign “Gender equality at the heart of decent work”.
2010
First Global report under the follow-up to the ILO Declaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work – Time for
equality at work.
2008
Sociedade e Trabalho booklets no. 16
2009
100
ILO Recommendation on HIV and Aids and the World of work (No.200). First ILO labour standard introduces the concept of
gender equality.
ILO Gender Action Plan 2010-2015.
DISCLOSURE
ILO Resource Guide
ILO website provides gender equality information in the world of work.
The website is available on the three ILO languages (english, french and spanish).
http://www.ilo.org/public/english/support/lib/resource/subject/gender.htm
__________
ILO AND GENDER EQUALITY IN THE WORLD OF WORK, Sociedade
e Trabalho booklets, no. 16, 2011, pp. 101-105
102
Sociedade e Trabalho booklets no. 16
On this page:
How to find more information on Gender equality in the world of work through Labordoc
Books and journal articles from Labordoc, the ILO Library's database on the world of work, which cover
gender equality from different perspectives.
By themes:
Equal employment opportunities
Family friendly policies
Gender and crisis response
Gender and decent work
Gender and education
Gender and globalization
Gender and HIV/AIDS
Gender and microfinance
Gender and migration
Gender and skills training
Gender and trade unions
Gender-based violence
Gender equality
Gender mainstreaming
Gender wage gap
Girls and labour
Maternity protection
Men and masculinities
Sex discrimination
Trafficking in women and children
Women entrepreneurs
Women in management
Latin America/Caribbean
Middle East
North America
By region:
Africa
Asia & Pacific
Europe
International labour standards promoting gender equality
Conventions:
C100 Equal Remuneration Convention, 1951
C102 Social Security (Minimum Standards) Convention, 1952
C111 Discrimination (Employment and Occupation) Convention, 1958
C118 Equality of Treatment (Social Security) Convention, 1962
C156 Workers with Family Responsibilities Convention, 1981
C161 Occupational Health Services Convention, 1985
C183 Maternity Protection Convention, 2000
Recommendations:
R4 Lead Poisoning (Women and Children) Recommendation, 1919
R13 Night Work of Women (Agriculture) Recommendation, 1921
P89 Protocol of 1990 to the Night Work (Women) Convention (Revised), 1948
R90 Equal Remuneration Recommendation, 1951
R102 Welfare Facilities Recommendation, 1956
R111 Discrimination (Employment and Occupation) Recommendation, 1958
R116 Reduction of Hours of Work Recommendation, 1962
R165 Workers with Family Responsibilities Recommendation, 1981
DISCLOSURE
103
R191 Maternity Protection Recommendation, 2000
Resolution on equal opportunities and equal treatment for men and women in employment, adopted by
the International Labour Conference at its seventy-first session, 1985
Gender statistics
Eurostat
ILO, Conditions of work and employment laws
ILO, Key Indicators of the Labour Market (KILM)
ILO, LABORSTA: ILO's premier database on all aspects of labour statistics
ILO, Labour Force Surveys
ILO, Safety and Health at Work and the Environment (SAFEWORK)
Population censuses in the World, Belgium, Direction générale Statistique et information économique
UN Millennium Development Goal Indicators
UN Statistics Division, Demographic and social statistics
UN Statistics Division, Population and housing censuses
UNDP, Human Development Reports
UNECE, Gender Statistics Database
World Bank, Gender Stats
Gender resources by region
Africa
African Development Bank Group
African Women's Development and Communication Network
ILO Subregional Office for Southern Africa
UNIFEM Africa
United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (UN ECA)
Americas
ILO Cinterfor, Gender, Training and Work
ILO Regional Office for Latin America and the Caribbean (in Spanish)
ILO Subregional Office for Central America, Haiti, Panama and Dominican Republic (in Spanish)
UNIFEM Americas and the Caribbean
United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (UN ECLAC), Women
and Development (in Spanish)
Women's Human Rights Resources
Arab States
Gender Statistics Programmes
UNIFEM
UNIFEM Field Offices in Arab States
United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA) Centre for Women
104
Sociedade e Trabalho booklets no. 16
Asia
Asian Development Bank
Asian Development Bank Institute
ILO Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific
International Women's Rights Action Watch - Asia Pacific (IWRAW)
UNIFEM Asia and the Pacific
United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific, (UN ESCAP)
Europe
ILO Regional Office for Eastern Europe and Central Asia
ILO Subregional Office Budapest
Mediterranean Institute for Gender Studies
UNIFEM Europe and the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)
United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UN ECE)
More resources on Gender
Amnesty International
The Centre for Development and Population Activities
ELDIS
European Commission
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
Inter-Agency Network on Women and Gender Equality (IANWGE)
International Alliance of Women
International Center for Research on Women (ICRW)
International Council of Women
International Federation of University Women
International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD)
International Monetary Fund (IMF)
International Women's Health Coalition
Joint United Nations Program on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS)
Microcredit Summit
OECD Gender, Institutions and Development Database (GID-DB)
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR)
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
Socialist International Women
UN Women
United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)
United Nations Development Fund for Women (UNIFEM)
United Nations Development Group (UNDG)
United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
United Nations Development Programme, Millennium Development Goals (UNDP)
United Nations Division for the Advancement of Women (DAW)
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)
United Nations Environment Program (UNEP)
United Nations Human Settlement Program (UN-HABITAT)
United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research (UNIDIR)
United Nations Inter-Agency Network on Women and Gender Equality (IANWGE): WomenWatch
United Nations Office of the Special Adviser on Gender Issues and Advancement of Women (OSAGI)
United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC)
DISCLOSURE
United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA)
United Nations Research Institute for Social Development (UNRISD) (scroll down to “Gender”)
United Nations Statistics Division (UNSTATS)
Women in National Parliaments
Women's Environment and Development Organization (WEDO)
Women's International League for Peace and Freedom
World Bank
World Food Program (WFP)
World Health Organization (WHO)
105
&RS\ULJKW,/2
,/2VWDIIDWWKH)LUVW6HVVLRQRIWKH,QWHUQDWLRQDO/DERXU &RQIHUHQFH
RECENSION
ABC of Women Workers’ Rights and Gender Equality
2nd Edition (2007), ILO - International Labour Organisation
Maria Josefina Leitão
Labour Law Expert
The International Labour Organisation decided to launch a timely publication in Portuguese of the 2nd revised and extended edition of the “ABC of women workers’ rights and gender equality” which is one of the
most important documents on this issue. In having resorted to very varied sources and a wide range of specialists when writing and updating it, and in dealing with rights at work from a gender perspective regarding
the many different ways work is currently undertaken, this book challenges us owing to its transversal coverage, its scope and its topicality. It makes us think about how, even today, the fact that we are born men or
women influences our lives and our working relationships above and beyond what would be the natural outcomes of our differences as sexual beings belonging to the human race.
The ABC has been designed as a practical guide where the main aim is to disseminate women workers’ rights in order to afford women the chance to seize such rights and put them into practice, thereby redressing the gap that exists between law and reality. Opposite to what the ABC’s title may suggest, this book
is not an elementary guide only aimed at a rather uninformed public. Even if its clear style of writing and the
organised way it has been laid out benefits a wide variety of readers consulting it - and doubtlessly this is one
of its virtues – owing to the rigorous way it has been drawn up and its content dealt with, the ABC is a precious tool demanding that anyone studying phenomena to do with labour and gender equality is obliged to
refer to it, as also happens when talking about international labour rules, and in particular, about areas to do
with law, sociology, economy, employers, human resources management, teachers and trainers.
Based on the principle of equality and non-discrimination which has formed the ILO’s structuring matrix ever since it was founded, the ABC provides the most important and relevant international and supranational normative instruments in each of the topics discussed. But not only, as it also carries forward the important principles underpinning the ILO’s institutional and political actions which mainly issue from its
Declaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work and its Follow-up, its Decent Work Agenda and
the United Nations’ Millennium Development Goals.
Apart from the above-mentioned documents, the book relies upon a knowledge gained in the field of
dealing with the living and working conditions of the populations in the ILO-member countries and it draws
our attention to the plight of subsistence or its reappearance in new guises – at times frighteningly widespread – where the means of denying basic human rights assume serious proportions, mostly regarding
working women who are living examples of forced and slave labour, namely through debt bondage, forced
domestic work, human trafficking, commercial sexual exploitation and the worst forms of child labour. We
are therefore saddened to realise how far off we still are from achieving work that is based on rights, viz.
decent and productive work exercised in freedom, equality and safety. Nevertheless, the ABC indicates several way-outs by making available to workers, social partners, governments and other interested parties, the
knowledge and the tools needed to head in the right direction.
__________
ILO AND GENDER EQUALITY IN THE WORLD OF WORK, Sociedade
e Trabalho booklets, no. 16, 2011, pp. 109-110
110
Sociedade e Trabalho booklets no. 16
As far as the way the ABC is organised, it starts with an eight-point Introduction: 1. How to use the
guide; international labour standards and the terminology adopted; 2. Gender equality in the ILO’s mandate;
3. International labour Conventions and Recommendations; 4. Gender equality — a fundamental human
right; 5. History of standard setting to promote women workers’ rights and gender equality; 6. Sources of
gender equality law - International labour standards, supranational law and national law; 7. Application and
enforcement at the national level; and 8. ILO standard setting and other means of action.
At the core of the study, the matters dealt with are laid out in alphabetical order as if in a brief encyclopaedia, hence its title A B C. The layout helps the user to consult the contents more easily and she has a
fast, easily-accessed instrument at hand, one that is both direct and informative. Cross-referencing is provided at the end of each topic so that by following the links to other topics, greater knowledge is acquired
and attention is called to deep-seated relationships that are interdependent, inseparable and mutually reinforced, typical of labour rights. On the other hand, in each of the topics, there is an indication of what international instruments are linked to the topic in question, which helps the reader to understand the workings of
international law more efficiently.
Another feature that deserves mention is the sort of terminology used. Socio-economic developments
are at the bottom of new phenomena appearing in the world of work, or rather, phenomena which although
are not new, nevertheless have taken on different characteristics or dimensions to the ones they had revealed
earlier on. In naming and defining such phenomena, as in the case for example of: diversity at workplace,
employability, non-standard work or atypical work, representation and voice, structural unemployment,
their importance and the implications they have for the people involved, are duly recognised. For example
the definition of ‘Female-headed households’ is described as ‘households where either no adult males are
present, owing to divorce, separation, migration, non-marriage, or widowhood; or where the men, although
present, do not contribute to the household income, because of illness or disability, old age, alcoholism, or
similar incapacity’. It calls our attention to the fact that in most cases, female-headed households run the risk
of poverty that affects increasingly more women throughout the world. Another example refers to ‘Export-processing zones’ (EPZs) and ―Call Centres”, which lie at the heart of the globalisation of labour and
which were practically unheard of a few years back. In Portugal they are usually referred to by their acronyms or their English names.
Concerning the specific question of gender and the promotion of equality between men and women at
work and employment, the ABC also proves itself to be an indispensable tool for understanding the precise
concepts underpinning this area – terms which are not always used correctly, such as gender, sex, glass ceilings, glass walls and sticky floor, sex-segregation, gender equity and gender equality, gender and development, women in development, workers with family responsibilities and masculinities. Furthermore, it provides information about the methods to be followed, such as gender analysis and planning, gender mainstreaming, affirmative action, etc.
Because the ABC was first written in English, it raises specific difficulties in its Portuguese translation
in terms of language neutrality. Although not all the problems have been solved, we cannot stress strongly
enough the importance of the Portuguese version. It has made the book accessible to the wider community
composed of the Portuguese-speaking countries which may benefit from this new tool that deals with labour
rights and issues from a gender-based point of view.
RECENSION
Critical Analysis of the Decent Work for Domestic Workers
Report
International Labour Organization – Geneva, 99th Session of the International Labour Conference, 2010,
Report IV (2), Decent work for domestic workers, translated into Portuguese by the ILO-Lisbon, with the
support of the Commission for Equality in Labour and Employment (Comissão para a Igualdade no Trabalho e no Emprego – CITE).
Sandra Ribeiro
Commission for Equality in Labour and Employment (Comissão para a Igualdade no Trabalho e no Emprego – CITE)
The Decent work for domestic workers Report was drawn up for the purpose of promoting discussion on
domestic work at the highest level at the 99th Session of the International Labour Conference held in June
2010, and with a view to the eventual adoption of a Convention supplemented by a Recommendation.
As stated in its Introduction, the Report was based on “information from across the world (…)” (ILO,
2010:2), gathered through a survey of ILO member States following consultations with the most representative organisations of workers and employers.
The survey and call for discussion reveal the International Labour Organization’s deep commitment to
achieving decent work objectives for all workers and, in this case, for domestic workers. ILO concerns
about the conditions of employment of domestic workers dates back to 1948.
Although the scenario presented reveals new dimensions to domestic work in the contemporary global
economy, its long history as “one of the oldest and most important occupations for millions of women
around the world…rooted in the global history of slavery, colonialism and other forms of servitude” (ILO,
2010:1) still prevents domestic work from advancing in the social order. Domestic work is still undervalued
and persistently excluded from the scope of labour regulation.
The survey immediately shows that the reality in domestic work is one of almost total gender segregation: “The employees are not male breadwinners, but overwhelmingly women.” (ILO, 2010:1), and the fact
that little value is placed on this type of work, insofar as it is “looked upon as unskilled because most women
have traditionally been considered capable of doing the work, and the skills they are taught by other women
in the home are perceived to be innate” (ILO, 2010:5). The logical conclusion drawn from the Report supports the notion advocated by the Commission for Equality in Labour and Employment (Comissão para a
Igualdade no Trabalho e no Emprego – CITE) – that gender segregation in employment is damaging to the
economy and prolongs poverty cycles that need to be broken.
Analysis of the early chapters in the Report confirms that domestic work is undervalued in monetary
terms in both developing countries and more developed countries of the world. It is almost invariably car
__________
ILO AND GENDER EQUALITY IN THE WORLD OF WORK, Sociedade
e Trabalho booklets, no. 16, 2011, pp. 111-112
112
Sociedade e Trabalho booklets no. 16
ried out in private homes, often by migrant domestic workers in informal and undocumented circumstances.
Despite the fact that this is an ever growing sector, domestic work continues to be one of the most insecure,
underpaid and unprotected of occupations, and certainly one of the least prestigious, which has nonemployment status: “Part of the specificity of paid domestic work is that it is often perceived to be something
other than employment” (ILO, 2010:12).
Throughout the Report we find the determination that it will make a positive contribution to changing
the present state of affairs by developing and adopting specific international labour standards that promote
decent work for domestic workers: “One of the reasons for adopting international labour standards on decent work for domestic workers is that there is no coordinated mechanism for information sharing and learning from good practices in the regulation of domestic work” (ILO, 2010:25).
Although domestic work is generally covered by ILO standards currently in force, as the Report recognises: “The ILO has repeatedly taken the position that, unless a Convention or Recommendation expressly
excludes domestic workers, these workers are included in the international instrument’s scope” (ILO,
2010:24), in reality, this is simply not enough in view of the specificities of domestic work referred to above,
and because of the unique character of the employers involved who are, in the main, individual persons,
women, and unfamiliar with the paperwork a typical labour relationship entails. The need for “A decent
work framework specifically designed to regulate domestic work provides the opportunity to introduce fair
rule, which are tailored to domestic work – and upon which conscientious employers can rely” (ILO,
2010:14) is, therefore, more than justifiable.
The major innovation introduced by the Report is precisely its reference to the need for the adoption of
specific international regulation of domestic work that recognises and respects the rights of domestic workers
as such, i.e. which recognises, once and for all, that domestic workers really are “workers” in their own right,
and finally puts an end to their long-standing invisibility. Their invisibility has been partly due to the nature
of domestic work, which is usually carried out in isolation, behind closed doors in households, but it has also
been caused by the fact that domestic workers’ needs have been invariably forgotten, from both social and
political perspectives. Such is the case of social protection, which has systematically been denied them, as
the Report mentions: “Social protection includes a wide range of collective protection and insurance mechanisms from which domestic workers have historically been excluded” (ILO, 2010:57).
Among the Report’s many valuable contributions, the following three deserve special reference:
the comprehensive and exhaustive analysis of the social and economic status of domestic workers all
over the world, which forces us to consider on our own domestic reality;
the intention to classify domestic workers categorically as “workers”, which points to an emerging
recognition that domestic work skills are rightful competences that can be learned and certified, rather
than innate skills. In other words, domestic work is now being recognised as a real occupation, a notion already embraced by the EESC (European Economic and Social Committee) and reflected in its
Opinion SOC/372, on the Professionalisation of Domestic Work, of 26 May 2010;
the hope that by raising the status of domestic work, it will become a more attractive occupation for
men. This would decrease women’s predominance in the sector, which in turn could reduce gender
pay gaps and lead to greater gender equality.
Let us hope that the intentions embodied in the Report will be brought to fruition.
&RS\ULJKW,/2
'HOHJDWHVDWWKH)LUVW6HVVLRQRIWKH,QWHUQDWLRQDO/DERXU &RQIHUHQFH
:DVKLQJWRQ'&86$
APPENDIX
Portuguese Delegations – International Labour Conferences from 1919 to 2010*
Name
Alfredo Franco
Álvaro de Lacerda
João Camoesas
José Barbosa
Thomas Fernandez
Vieira Rocha
Alfredo d'Oliveira Mendes
Francisco Serzedello Amorim
Luiz da Silva Viegas
António Maria Bartholomeu Ferreira
António Maria Bartholomeu Ferreira
António Maria Bartholomeu Ferreira
H. R. Dias de Oliveira
António Maria Bartholomeu Ferreira
António Gomes d'Almendra
António Maria Bartholomeu Ferreira
António Gomes d'Almendra
António Maria Bartholomeu Ferreira
António Maria Bartholomeu Ferreira
Rodrigo Rodriguez
Rodrigo Rodriguez
António Maria Bartholomeu Ferreira
Francisco de Calheiros e Menezes
José Almeida
Ribeiro Ermida Junior
Alberto d'Oliveira
Carlos Ribeiro Ermida
Francisco de Calheiros e Meneses
Manuel dos Santos
Afonso Rodrigues Pereira
Afonso Rodrigues Pereira
Alberto Alves Carneiro
Year
1919
1919
1919
1919
1919
1919
1920
1920
1920
1921
1922
1923
1923
1924
1925
1925
1926
1926
1926
1926
1926
1927
1927
1927
1927
1928
1928
1928
1928
1929
1929
1929
__________
ILO AND GENDER EQUALITY IN THE WORLD OF WORK, Sociedade
e Trabalho booklets, no. 16, 2011, pp. 115-156
Delegation (G/W/E)
G
E
G
G
W
G
W
E
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
W
E
G
E
G
W
G
G
W
116
Sociedade e Trabalho booklets no. 16
Name
Carlos d'Oliveira Faneco
Carlos Ribeiro Ermida
Carlos Theodoro da Costa
Ernesto de Vasconcellos
José de Almada
Vasco de Quevedo
Afonso Rodrigues Pereira
Alexandre Magno Ferraz de Andrade
Augusto de Vasconcellos
Carlos Ribeiro Ermida
Jorge Bahia
José Augusto Machado
José de Almada
Vasco de QuevEo
Afonso Rodrigues Pereira
Alberto Alves Carneiro
Álvaro Pereira de Lacerda
Vasco de Quevedo
Afonso Rodrigues Pereira
Álvaro Pereira de Lacerda
Jorge Bahia
José Augusto Machado
Vasco de Quevedo
Afonso Rodrigues Pereira
Alberto Alves Carneiro
Álvaro Pereira de Lacerda
Jorge Bahia
Pedro Theotónio Pereira
Henrique da Guerra Quaresma Vianna
Jorge Bahia
José Lobo d'Ávila Lima
Afonso Rodrigues Pereira
António Joaquim Saraiva Júnior
António Júlio de Castro Fernandes
Jorge Bahia
José Lobo d'Ávila de Lima
Afonso Rodrigues Pereira
Jorge Bahia
José d'Almada
Mário Campos Lobo
Pedro Ignácio Álvares Ribeiro
Vasco de Quevedo
Luís Esteves Fernandes
Luís Esteves Fernandes
Year
1929
1929
1929
1929
1929
1929
1930
1930
1930
1930
1930
1930
1930
1930
1931
1931
1931
1931
1932
1932
1932
1932
1932
1933
1933
1933
1933
1933
1934
1934
1934
1935
1935
1935
1935
1935
1936
1936
1936
1936
1936
1936
1937
1938
Delegation (G/W/E)
W
E
G
E
G
G
G
G
G
E
G
W
G
G
G
W
E
G
G
E
G
W
G
G
W
E
G
G
G
G
G
G
W
E
G
G
G
G
G
W
E
G
G
G
117
APPENDIX
Name
António Calheiros Lopes
António P. de Aranjo Moreira
Augusto de Castro
Fernando de Oliveira
José de Almada
Mário Lampreia de Gusmão Madeira
Thomas de Aquino da Silva
Álvaro de Freitas Morna
António Jorge da Motta Veiga
Eduardo Pereira Viana
Fernando Carlos da Costa
Henrique Ferraz
José Augusto Correa de Barros
José dos Santos
Mário Madeira
Nunes de Oliveira
Ruy Ennes Ulrich
Álvaro de Freitas Morna
António Calheiros Lopes
António Jorge da Motta Veiga
Henrique Ferraz
Marcelo Caetano
António Calheiros Lopes
António Jorge da Motta Veiga
António Júlio de Castro Fernandes
Henrique Pereira Ferraz
José da Rocha Prista
Manuel Costa Sousa de Macedo Mesquitella
António Calheiros Lopes
António de Seixas Soares Junior
António Jorge da Motta Veiga
Eduardo Pereira Viana
Gonçalo Caldeira Coelho
José dos Santos
Raúl Ventura
Alexandre Ribeiro da Cunha
António Calheiros Lopes
António de Seixas Soares
António Jorge da Motta Veiga
Gonçalo Luíz Maravilhas Correia Caldeira Coelho
Alexandre Ribeiro da Cunha
António Calheiros Lopes
Aurélio Gonçalves
João de Matos Antunes Varela
José Rico Godinho Apostolo
Year
1945
1945
1945
1945
1945
1945
1945
1946
1946
1946
1946
1946
1946
1946
1946
1946
1946
1947
1947
1947
1947
1947
1948
1948
1948
1948
1948
1948
1949
1949
1949
1949
1949
1949
1949
1950
1950
1950
1950
1950
1951
1951
1951
1951
1951
Delegation (G/W/E)
E
W
G
G
G
G
W
E
G
G
E
W
G
W
G
G
E
E
E
G
W
G
E
G
G
W
G
G
E
W
G
G
G
W
G
G
E
W
G
G
G
E
W
G
W
118
Name
José Soares da Fonseca
Manuel António Fernandes
Maria Manuela de Carvalho Alves
António Calheiros Lopes
Artur Aurélio Gonçalves
João de Matos Antunes Varela
Jorge Pereira Jardim
José Manuel Fragoso Fernandes
Mário da Silva Ávila
Raul Jorge Ventura
Virgílio Preto
Alexandre Ribeiro da Cunha
António Calheiros Lopes
António Ferreira Pedrosa
Domingos da Costa e Silva
João de Matos Antunes Varela
Luiz Manuel Fragoso Fernandes
Mário Pedro Gonçalves
Mário Silva de Ávila
Virgílio Preto
Alexandre Ribeiro da Cunha
Aníbal da Silva David
António Calheiros Lopes
António Ferreira Pedrosa
António Jorge Martins da Motta Veiga
António Magalhães de Oliveira Soares
Domingos da Costa e Silva
Fernando Garcia
Fernando Henrique Mendes Ramos
Francisco Manuel de Melo Pereira de Magalhães
James Pinto Bull
Luiz Manuel Fragoso Fernandes
Tomás de Aquino da Silva
Alexandre Ribeiro da Cunha
António Ferreira Pedrosa
Carlos Cagliardini Graça
Fernando de Alcambar Pereira
Fernando Garcia
Fernando Mendes Ramos
James Pinto Bull
José Rico Godinho Apóstolo
José Soares da Fonseca
Luís Pinto Coelho
Luiz Manuel Fragoso Fernandes
Mário Fernandes de Oliveira
Sociedade e Trabalho booklets no. 16
Year
1951
1951
1951
1952
1952
1952
1952
1952
1952
1952
1952
1953
1953
1953
1953
1953
1953
1953
1953
1953
1954
1954
1954
1954
1954
1954
1954
1954
1954
1954
1954
1954
1954
1955
1955
1955
1955
1955
1955
1955
1955
1955
1955
1955
1955
Delegation (G/W/E)
G
G
G
E
W
G
G
W
W
G
E
G
E
G
W
G
W
W
W
E
G
E
E
G
G
W
W
W
W
E
G
E
W
G
G
W
G
W
W
G
W
G
G
E
E
119
APPENDIX
Name
Mário Gonçalves
Miguel Cardoso Bettencourt
Virgílio Preto
Afonso Henriques Ivens-Ferraz de Freitas
Alberto Marciano Gorjão Franco Nogueira
Alexandre Ribeiro da Cunha
Alfredo Gândara
E. Santos Matos
Fernando Garcia
Luís Manuel Fragoso Fernandes
Luís Pinto Coelho
Mário Silva de Ávila
Tito Castelo Branco Arantes
Alberto Marciano Gorjão Franco Nogueira
Alexandre Ribeiro da Cunha
Alfredo Gândara
António Jorge Da Motta Veiga
António M. de los Rios Leitão
Armando Pedroso de Lima
Carlos G. Graça
E. Santos Matos
James Pinto Bull
Luís Manuel Fragoso Fernandes
Peixoto Correia
Rafael Soares
Sebastião Daun e Lorena
Sebastião Daun e Lorena
Virgílio Preto
Albano de Oliveira
Alexandre Ribeiro da Cunha
António Ferreira Pedrosa
António Jorge da Motta Veiga
António Morales de los Rios Leitão
António Pereira de Torres Fevereiro
Armando Tavares
Jerónimo Henriques Jorge
João Hall Themido
José Augusto Correia de Barros
José Diogo da Silva
José dos Santos
José Gago de Medeiros
Júlio Monteiro
Luís Manuel Fragoso Fernandes
Manuel Sebastião de Almeida de Carvalho Daun e Lorena
Mário Silva de Ávila
Year
1955
1955
1955
1956
1956
1956
1956
1956
1956
1956
1956
1956
1956
1957
1957
1957
1957
1957
1957
1957
1957
1957
1957
1957
1957
1957
1957
1957
1958
1958
1958
1958
1958
1958
1958
1958
1958
1958
1958
1958
1958
1958
1958
1958
1958
Delegation (G/W/E)
W
E
E
G
G
G
W
E
W
E
G
W
E
G
G
W
G
E
W
W
E
G
E
G
W
G
G
E
E
G
G
G
E
G
W
G
G
E
W
W
E
G
E
G
W
120
Name
Pedro Maury
Silvino Noronha
Virgílio Preto
Afonso Patrício Gouveia
Alexandre Ribeiro da Cunha
Álvaro Eugénio Neves da Fontoura
António Jorge da Motta Veiga
António Morales de los Rios Leitão
António Pereira de Torres Fevereiro
Augusto Santos Lima
Fernando de Oliveira
Henrique Silva e Sousa
Henrique Veiga de Macedo
José Diogo da Silva
Luís de Sousa e Silva
Luís Manuel Fragoso Fernandes
Manuel Sebastião de Almeida de Carvalho Daun e Lorena
Pedro A. Monteiro Maury
Serafim Martins das Neves
Afonso Patrício Gouveia
Alexandre Ribeiro da Cunha
António Jorge Da Motta Veiga
António Morales de los Rios Leitão
Carlos Barata Gagliardini Graça
Domingos de Gusmão Correia Arouca
Fernando Baeta
Henrique Silva e Sousa
Hernâni de Carvalho Morais e Castro
James Pinto Bull
João Henriques Dias
José de Almeida Cotta
José Euardo de Meneses Rosa
José Maria Dias Fidalgo
Luís Manuel Fragoso Fernandes
Manuel Sebastião de Almeida de Carvalho Daun e Lorena
Mário da Silva d'Ávila
Paulo Saldanha Palhares
Rafael Santos Costa
Aguinaldo Veiga
Alexandre Ribeiro da Cunha
Aníbal José Mendes Arrobas da Silva
António Calheiros Lopes
António Jorge Da Motta Veiga
António Lopes Ribeiro
António Morales de los Rios Leitão
Sociedade e Trabalho booklets no. 16
Year
1958
1958
1958
1959
1959
1959
1959
1959
1959
1959
1959
1959
1959
1959
1959
1959
1959
1959
1959
1960
1960
1960
1960
1960
1960
1960
1960
1960
1960
1960
1960
1960
1960
1960
1960
1960
1960
1960
1961
1961
1961
1961
1961
1961
1961
Delegation (G/W/E)
W
W
E
E
G
G
G
E
G
G
G
E
G
W
W
E
G
W
W
E
G
G
E
W
E
G
E
G
G
W
G
G
W
E
G
W
W
G
E
G
W
E
G
W
E
121
APPENDIX
Name
António Pereira Caldas de Almeida
Carlos Barata Gagliardini Graça
Fernando Baeta
Francesco Carthelo Canelas
Gabriela Salgueiro
Jaime Abel Kreissman Rosa de Morais
James Pinto Bull
João Gomes Ribeiro
Luís Manuel Fragoso Fernandes
Manuel Sebastião de Almeida de Carvalho Daun e Lorena
Mário da Silva d'Ávila
Nuno Alvares Adrião de Bessa Lopes
Alcino Cardoso
Alexandre Ribeiro da Cunha
António Calheiros Lopes
António Guilherme Lopes de Oliveira Cascais
António Jorge da Motta Veiga
António Júdice Bustorff Silva
António Lopes Ribeiro
António Morales de los Rios Leitão
Carlos Augusto Farinha
Diamantina Reis Correia dos Santos
Francisco C. Canelas
Gabriela Salgueiro
James Pinto Bull
João Raimundo
Jorge Dias Pablo
José João Gonçalves de Proença
José Maria Dias Fidalgo
Luiz Vaz de Almada
Manuel Pereira do Nascimento
Manuel Sebastião de Almeida de Carvalho Daun e Lorena
Pedro Maury
Alberto Sena da Silva
Alberto Sobral
Alexandre Ribeiro da Cunha
António da Silva Leal
António Jorge da Motta Veiga
António Júdice Bustorff Silva
António Lopes Ribeiro
António Luís de Novais Machado
António Maria da Costa Leão
António Morales de los Rios Leitão
Armando Pedroso Lima
Euardo Benedito A. Ferreirinha
Year
1961
1961
1961
1961
1961
1961
1961
1961
1961
1961
1961
1961
1962
1962
1962
1962
1962
1962
1962
1962
1962
1962
1962
1962
1962
1962
1962
1962
1962
1962
1962
1962
1962
1963
1963
1963
1963
1963
1963
1963
1963
1963
1963
1963
1963
Delegation (G/W/E)
E
W
G
G
G
G
G
W
E
G
W
G
W
G
E
G
G
E
W
E
E
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
W
E
W
G
W
E
W
G
G
G
E
W
G
G
E
W
E
122
Sociedade e Trabalho booklets no. 16
Name
Gustavo Neto de Miranda
Henrique Salgado
Hernâni Morais e Castro
Isaías Gomes Gautier
João Henriques Dias
João Raimundo
José Gomes dos Santos Calisto
José Gregório de Faria
José João Gonçalves de Proença
Luís Vaz de Almada
Manuel Sebastião de Almeida de Carvalho Daun e Lorena
Maria Manuela Wahnon Duarte
Pedro António Monteiro Maury
Alberto Sena da Silva
Alda Mafra
Alexandre Ribeiro da Cunha
Américo Saragga Leal
Aníbal José Mendes Arrobas da Silva
António da Costa Morais
António Jorge Da Motta Veiga
António José de Sousa
António Júdice Bustorff Silva
António Maria da Costa Leão
António Morales de los Rios Leitão
Euardo BenEito de A. Ferreirinha
Fernando de Alcambar Pereira
Herculano Afonso Antunes
Isaías Gomes Gautier
Isaura Cesário Simões
Joaquim Eloy da Silva
José João Gonçalves de Proença
José Maria Dias Fidalgo
José Miguel Crespo Queirós de Barros
Manuel da Câmara de Carvalho Daun e Lorena
Year
1963
1963
1963
1963
1963
1963
1963
1963
1963
1963
1963
1963
1963
1964
1964
1964
1964
1964
1964
1964
1964
1964
1964
1964
1964
1964
1964
1964
1964
1964
1964
1964
1964
1964
Delegation (G/W/E)
E
E
G
E
W
G
W
G
G
E
G
G
W
E
W
G
G
W
G
G
W
E
G
E
E
G
W
E
G
W
G
W
G
G
Maria Emília Niny Tavares
Mário Murteira
Ricardo Ferreira Martins
Alexandre Ribeiro da Cunha
António Júdice Bustorff Silva
António Lopes Ribeiro
António Maria da Costa Morais
António Morales de los Rios Leitão
Armando Pedroso de Lima
Assahel Jonassane Mazula
1964
1964
1964
1965
1965
1965
1965
1965
1965
1965
G
G
E
G
E
W
G
E
W
W
Aurora da Fonseca
1965
G
123
APPENDIX
Name
Carlos António Luna da Costa Leão
Carlos Augusto Fernandes
Carlos Isidro
Fernando de Alcambar Pereira
João Manuel Cortez Pinto
Joaquim Pena da Costa
José Bernardo
José Manuel Ribeiro Sérvulo Correia
Luís Nuno da Veiga de Meneses Cordeiro
Manuel da Câmara de Carvalho Daun e Lorena
Nuno Álvares Duarte Matias Ferreira
Pedro António Monteiro Maury
Alexandre Ribeiro da Cunha
Álvaro Vieira Botão
António José de Sousa
António Maria da Costa Leão
António Morales de los Rios Leitão
Armando Pedroso de Lima
Benjamim Augusto Rocha
Diamantina Reis Correia dos Santos
Euardo Scarlatti Quadrio Raposo
Felisberto Machatine
Fernando de Alcambar Pereira
João Manuel Cortez Pinto
José Gago de Medeiros
José João Gonçalves de Proença
José Tomás Cabral Calvet de Magalhães
Júlio Monteiro
Luís Menezes Cordeiro
Manuel da Câmara de Carvalho Daun e Lorena
Pedro Feytor Pinto
Pedro Manuel Geraldes Cardoso
António José de Sousa
Agnelo Salter Cid
Alexandre Ribeiro da Cunha
António Maria da Costa Leão
António Morales de los Rios Leitão
Armando Pedroso de Lima
Felisberto Machatine
Fernando de Alcambar Pereira
Flora Silva de Assunção
James Pinto Bull
João Raimundo
José Celestino Bravo Martins
José Gago de Medeiros
Year
1965
1965
1965
1965
1965
1965
1965
1965
1965
1965
1965
1965
1966
1966
1966
1966
1966
1966
1966
1966
1966
1966
1966
1966
1966
1966
1966
1966
1966
1966
1966
1966
1967
1967
1967
1967
1967
1967
1967
1967
1967
1967
1967
1967
1967
Delegation (G/W/E)
G
G
G
G
G
E
E
G
G
G
G
W
G
W
W
G
E
W
E
G
G
E
G
G
E
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
W
G
G
G
E
W
E
G
G
G
G
W
E
124
Sociedade e Trabalho booklets no. 16
Name
José Rego de Amorim
José Tomás Cabral Calvet de Magalhães
Luís Morales
Luís Nuno da Veiga de Meneses Cordeiro
Manuel António Fernandes
Manuel da Câmara de Carvalho Daun e Lorena
Pedro Feytor Pinto
Pero Manuel Geraldes Cardoso
Rui Mário de Almeida e Vasconcelos Pimentel
Agnelo Salter Cid
Alexandre Ribeiro da Cunha
Américo Coelho da Silva
António Maria da Costa Leão
António Morales de los Rios Leitão
Armando Pedroso de Lima
Felisberto Machatine
Fernando de Alcambar Pereira
Francisco Norton de Matos
Frederico Marques
José Celestino Bravo Martins
José Gago de Medeiros
José João Gonçalves de Proença
José Luís da Costa Carneiro
José Tomás Cabral Calvet de Magalhães
Luís Morales
Manuel da Câmara de Carvalho Daun e Lorena
Maria Manuela Wahnon Duarte
Pedro Feitor Pinto
Pedro Manuel Geraldes Cardoso
Rui Mário de Almeida e Vasconcelos Pimentel
Alexandre Ribeiro da Cunha
António Burity da Silva
António Jorge da Motta Veiga
António Maria da Costa Leão
António Morales de los Rios Leitão
Armando Pedroso de Lima
David Laima
Year
1967
1967
1967
1967
1967
1967
1967
1967
1967
1968
1968
1968
1968
1968
1968
1968
1968
1968
1968
1968
1968
1968
1968
1968
1968
1968
1968
1968
1968
1968
1969
1969
1969
1969
1969
1969
1969
Delegation (G/W/E)
G
G
G
G
E
G
G
G
W
G
G
E
G
E
W
E
G
G
W
W
E
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
W
G
G
G
G
E
W
W
Elisabete Enriques Branco
Felisberto Machatine
Fernão Fernandes Tomás
Frederico Marques
Henrique Alberto Freitas do Nascimento Rodrigues
James Pinto Bull
João Pereira Bastos
Joaquim Marques Alexandre
1969
1969
1969
1969
1969
1969
1969
1969
G
E
E
W
G
G
G
W
125
APPENDIX
Name
José Gago de Medeiros
José João Gonçalves de Proença
José Maria da Cunha Rego de Amorim
Luís Alberto Garcia Ferrero Morales
Manuel da Câmara de Carvalho Daun e Lorena
Manuel Teles
Year
1969
1969
1969
1969
1969
1969
Delegation (G/W/E)
E
G
G
G
G
E
Maria Euarda da Silva Soares Ribeiro
Pedro Feitor Pinto
Pedro Manuel Geraldes Cardoso
Acácio Ferreira Catarino
Alexandre Ribeiro da Cunha
António Garcia de Castilho
António Jorge da Motta Veiga
António José de Sousa
António Manuel de Almeida Cipriano Miranda
António Morales de los Rios Leitão
António Morgado Belo
António Seixas Louçã
Armando Pedroso de Lima
Assahel Johassane Mazula
Euardo Silva Costa
Felisberto Machatine
Fernando David Laima
Fernando Diogo da Silva
Fernão Fernandes Tomás
Francisco Eusébio Filipe
Frederico Marques
Heitor Fernandes Salgueiro
Henrique Alberto Freitas do Nascimento Rodrigues
Irene de Almeida Carmo
Jaime Lança de Morais
James Pinto Bull
João Euardo Monteverde Pereira Bastos
Joaquim Dias da Silva Pinto
Joaquim Marques Alexandre
Joaquim Santana da Silva
Jorge Marques de França Dória Monteiro
José Augusto Alarcão Troni
José Beleza dos Santos Carvalho
José Euardo de Mello Gouveia
José Manuel Bento
Luís Alberto Garcia Ferrero Morales
Luís Justino Lopes Gregório
Manuel da Câmara de Carvalho Daun e Lorena
Manuel Duarte
1969
1969
1969
1970
1970
1970
1970
1970
1970
1970
1970
1970
1970
1970
1970
1970
1970
1970
1970
1970
1970
1970
1970
1970
1970
1970
1970
1970
1970
1970
1970
1970
1970
1970
1970
1970
1970
1970
1970
G
G
G
G
G
E
G
W
G
E
G
G
W
W
G
E
W
G
E
G
W
G
G
W
G
G
G
G
W
E
E
G
G
G
G
G
E
G
W
126
Sociedade e Trabalho booklets no. 16
Manuel Ferreira da Silva
Manuel Ramos de Sousa
Manuel Teles
Name
Year
1970
1970
1970
Delegation (G/W/E)
W
W
E
Maria Euarda da Silva Soares Ribeiro
Maria Euarda Mariz Sarmento
Maria Gertrudes Pascoalinho
Maria Margarida Meira
Maria Margarida Ponte Ferreira
Maximino da Costa Almeida
Nuno Alberto de Araújo Cabral Basto
Pedro Feytor Pinto
Pedro Manuel Geraldes Cardoso
Rui Erlander Rolão Gonçalves
Virgílio Rui Teixeira Lopo
Alexandre Ribeiro da Cunha
António Cipriano Miranda
António Jorge da Motta Veiga
António José de Sousa
António Morales de los Rios Leitão
Armando PEroso de Lima
Assahel Jonassane Mazula
Baltazar Rebelo de Sousa
Euardo da Silva Costa
Felisberto Machatine
Fernando David Laima
Fernão Fernandes Tomás
Flora Silva da Assunção
Frederico Marques
Joaquim Dias da Silva Pinto
José Gregório
José Tomás de Antas Mégre
Luís Alberto Garcia Ferrero Morales
Manuel Ferreira da Silva
Manuel Ramos de Sousa
Manuel Teles
Maria Alba Anselmo de Castro
Nuno Cabral Basto
Nuno M. Ferreira
Pedro Feytor Pinto
Rui Erlander Rolão Gonçalves
Virgílio Rui Teixeira Lopo
Zózimo Justo da Silva
Alexandre Ribeiro da Cunha
António Cipriano Miranda
António da Costa Esteves
1970
1970
1970
1970
1970
1970
1970
1970
1970
1970
1970
1971
1971
1971
1971
1971
1971
1971
1971
1971
1971
1971
1971
1971
1971
1971
1971
1971
1971
1971
1971
1971
1971
1971
1971
1971
1971
1971
1971
1972
1972
1972
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
E
E
G
G
G
W
E
W
W
G
G
E
W
E
G
W
G
E
G
G
W
W
E
G
G
G
G
E
E
G
G
G
E
127
APPENDIX
Name
António Jorge da Motta Veiga
António José de Sousa
António Morales de los Rios Leitão
Armando Pedroso de Lima
Baltazar Rebelo de Sousa
Carlos Madeira
Euardo da Silva Costa
Felisberto Machatine
Fernando Gomes Antunes
Fernão Fernandes Tomás
Frederico Marques
Heitor Salgueiro
Joaquim da Silva Pinto
José Rodrigues Paula
Luís Garcia Ferrero Morales
Luís Manuel de Sousa Martins
Manuel Ferreira da Silva
Manuel Ramos de Sousa
Manuel Teles
Maria Margarida Meira
Nuno Ferreira
Pedro Feytor Pinto
Roberto Pereira de Sousa
Rui Barreto
Rui Erlander Rolão Gonçalves
Rui Virgílio Teixeira Lopo
António da Costa Lobo
António Morales de los Rios Leitão
Fernando de Alcambar Pereira
Manuel Ramos de Sousa Júnior
Américo Ramos dos Santos
Ângelo Pinho Ferreira
Antero Martins Pinto Guimarães
António Amaro de Matos
António Morales de los Rios Leitão
Avelino António Pacheco Gonçalves
Basílio Adolfo de Mendonça Horta da Franca
Daniel Cabrita
Eugénio Óscar Garcia da Rosa
Fernando Reino
Fernão Fernandes Tomás
Firmino João Martins
Francisco Canais Rocha
Henrique José de Carvalho de Moser
Hugo Blasco Fernandes
Year
1972
1972
1972
1972
1972
1972
1972
1972
1972
1972
1972
1972
1972
1972
1972
1972
1972
1972
1972
1972
1972
1972
1972
1972
1972
1972
1973
1973
1973
1973
1974
1974
1974
1974
1974
1974
1974
1974
1974
1974
1974
1974
1974
1974
1974
Delegation (G/W/E)
G
W
E
W
G
G
G
E
W
E
W
G
G
G
G
W
W
W
E
G
G
G
G
G
E
E
G
E
G
W
G
W
W
E
E
G
E
G
G
G
E
W
W
E
G
128
Sociedade e Trabalho booklets no. 16
João Maria Cruz Pereira de Moura
Jorge Manuel Ribeiro de Aragão
Leandro Henriques de Figueiredo
Luís Euardo da Silva Barbosa
Manuel Correia Lopes
Manuel da Silva
Name
Year
1974
1974
1974
1974
1974
1974
Delegation (G/W/E)
G
E
G
E
W
W
Maria Teresa Vaz Pires
Mário Henriques
Mário Muteira
Nuno Caspers Bragança
Pedro António José Bradurt Pestana de Vasconcelos
Rodolfo Coelho Rego Soeiro de Sousa
Rui Quartin Santos
Sérgio Ferreira Ribeiro
Victor Manuel Marques Fernandes
Alfredo Manuel Rodrigues Figueiredo Filipe
Álvaro Fernandes Rana
António Augusto Moreira de Campos
António dos Santos Brinca
António Luís Mendonça de Freitas Manteiro
António Manuel de Almeida Cipriano de Miranda
António Manuel Rodrigues Zincke dos Reis
António Pedro Bacelar Carrelhas
Arménio Carmo
Augusto Bensabat Ferraz Silva
Basílio Horta
Carlos Januário Baltazar Neves Amaro
1974
1974
1974
1974
1974
1974
1974
1974
1974
1975
1975
1975
1975
1975
1975
1975
1975
1975
1975
1975
1975
W
W
G
G
E
G
G
G
W
W
W
G
W
G
E
E
E
E
W
E
G
Fernanda Agria
Fernando Fragoso Rodrigues Marques
Gil Marques
Heitor Flávio Fernandes Salgueiro
Hugo Blasco Fernandes
Jaime Henriques Pires
João Manuel Leitão Ribeiro
João Pereira de Moura
Joaquim Penha
Jorge Manuel Preto Gouveia Homem
José Caetano de Campos Andrade da Costa Pereira
José Inácio da Costa Martins
Luís Alberto Garcia Ferrero Morales
Manuel António Teixeira de Freitas
Manuel Barreiros Martins
Manuel Victor Moreira Martins
Maria Beatriz Santana
Maria Fernanda Rodrigues de Melo Covas
1975
1975
1975
1975
1975
1975
1975
1975
1975
1975
1975
1975
1975
1975
1975
1975
1975
1975
G
W
E
E
G
W
W
G
G
G
G
G
E
W
G
G
W
W
129
APPENDIX
Name
Maria Helena Robert Lopes
Pedro Loff
Rodolfo Rego Soeiro de Sousa
Sérgio Ferreira Ribeiro
Vasco Navarro Graça Moura
Altino de Magalhães Gomes
Álvaro Luís Santos Silva
António Cipriano de Miranda
António Pedro Bacelar Carrelhas
Augusto Silva
Carlos Carvalho
Emídio José Serrano da Silva
Fernando Piedade Gomes
Francisco Eusébio Filipe
Heitor Fernandes Salgueiro
João Lopes da Silva
João Martins Madeira
Joaquim Santana da Silva
Jorge Moita
José Alberto Valério Dinis
José Beleza Carvalho
José dos Santos Vicente
José João Costa Ramos
José Manuel Carinhas
Luís Alberto Ferrero Morales
Manuel António Alves Pinto
Manuel Maria Candeias
Marcelo Curto
Mário Luís da Fonseca Dias
Pedro de Sousa MacEo
Rúben Pacheco Matos Rolo
Sérgio Neves Ferreira da Silva
Tiago dos Santos Gouveia
Victor Ângelo Pedrosa Gonçalves
Victor Hugo de Jesus Sequeira
Adelina Sá Carvalho
Álvaro Fernandes Rana
Ana Maria da Silva Marques Martinho
António Pedro Bacelar Carrelhas
Arménio António Carmo
Carlos Alberto Simões Coelho
Feliciano David
Francisco Marcelo Curto
Heitor Fernandes Salgueiro
Jaime Lança de Morais
Year
1975
1975
1975
1975
1975
1976
1976
1976
1976
1976
1976
1976
1976
1976
1976
1976
1976
1976
1976
1976
1976
1976
1976
1976
1976
1976
1976
1976
1976
1976
1976
1976
1976
1976
1976
1977
1977
1977
1977
1977
1977
1977
1977
1977
1977
Delegation (G/W/E)
G
G
G
G
G
E
W
E
E
W
W
E
W
G
E
E
W
G
W
W
G
E
G
W
E
W
W
G
G
E
W
W
W
W
W
G
W
G
E
E
G
G
G
E
E
130
Name
Joaquim Mendes dos Santos Calhau
Joaquim Viseu
José Aurélio da Silva Barros Moura
José Rocha Pimentel
Luís Alberto Ferrero Morales
Luís Maria Kalidas Barreto
Maldonado Gonelha
Maria Celeste Ornelas de Carvalho
Maria de Lourdes Salgueiro Girval
Maria Margarida Meira
Maria Palmira Macedo Tito de Morais
Rosa Maria Simões da Silva Sousa Marques
Victor Hugo de Jesus Sequeira
Álvaro Fernandes Rana
Adelina Sá Carvalho
Ana Maria da Silva Marques Martinho
Ana Paula Teixeira Feio Vale
António José Proença
António Manuel Cipriano Miranda
António Morales de los Rios Leitão
Augusto Silva
Aurélio Homem Ribeiro
Carlos Alberto Simões Coelho
Heitor Flávio Fernandes Salgueiro
Herculano A. Freire Gonçalves
J. M. Nascimento Oliveira Covas
Jaime Lança de Morais
Joaquim Mendes dos Santos Calhau
José Manuel Rocha Pimentel
José Santana Costa
Luís José de Oliveira Nunes
Maria Margarida Meira
Rosa Maria Simões da Silva Sousa Marques
Salvador António Martins
Vasco António da Fonseca Martins
Álvaro Fernandes Rana
Ana Maria da Silva Marques Martinho
António José Proença de Sousa
António Manuel Cipriano Miranda
Augusto C. Bensabat Ferraz da Silva
Carlos Alberto Simões Coelho
Euardo Graça Van Zeller
Eusébio Marques de Carvalho
Fernando Alves Figueiredo
Fernando Vicente
Sociedade e Trabalho booklets no. 16
Year
1977
1977
1977
1977
1977
1977
1977
1977
1977
1977
1977
1977
1977
1978
1978
1978
1978
1978
1978
1978
1978
1978
1978
1978
1978
1978
1978
1978
1978
1978
1978
1978
1978
1978
1978
1979
1979
1979
1979
1979
1979
1979
1979
1979
1979
Delegation (G/W/E)
W
E
W
G
E
W
G
W
G
G
G
W
W
W
G
G
W
G
E
E
W
E
G
E
W
W
E
W
G
W
G
G
W
W
G
W
G
G
E
W
G
E
G
W
E
131
APPENDIX
Name
Fernão Marcos Rebelo de Freitas
Heitor Flávio Fernandes Salgueiro
Jaime Lança de Morais
João António Simões de Almada
João Pereira de Moura
Joaquim Augusto Carrola
José Henriques Vaz Cabacos
José M. A. Pereira de Faria Blanc
José Manuel da Rocha Pimentel
José Manuel de Oliveira Covas
Luís Quaresma Rodrigues Branco
Manuel Peres Correia
Maria Helena Robert Lopes
Maria Luísa Geraldes Brotas Carrondo
Odete Esteves de Carvalho
Rui Silvestre da Veiga Pinto
Vasco M. Lobo Brandão Rodrigues Cal
Victor Hugo de Jesus Sequeira
Alexandre Manuel Rodrigues Gonçalves
António Gonçalves Janeiro
António Martins da Cruz
António Rosa Zozimo
Augusto Gil Bensabat Ferraz da Silva
Augusto Gonçalves Marques
Aurora da Fonseca
David Augusto Bizarro Leandro
Euarda de Almeida
Eusébio Marques de Carvalho
Haendel Oliveira
Heitor Flávio Fernandes Salgueiro
Year
1979
1979
1979
1979
1979
1979
1979
1979
1979
1979
1979
1979
1979
1979
1979
1979
1979
1979
1980
1980
1980
1980
1980
1980
1980
1980
1980
1980
1980
1980
Delegation (G/W/E)
G
E
E
E
G
W
G
E
G
W
W
W
G
G
G
W
W
W
E
W
G
W
W
G
G
G
G
G
G
E
Inácia Maria Caeiro Lopes
Joaquim Cardoso Martins
José Alfredo Baptista
José Lopes Raimundo
José Manuel da Rocha Pimentel
José Nunes
Luís Manuel Costa Sousa de Macedo
Luís Morales
Maria Alice Vieira Pereira Falcão
Maria Cândida Almeida Ribeiro
Maria do Carmo Nunes
Maria Luísa de Almeida Castilho
Maria Luísa Geraldes Brotas Carrondo
Maria Manuela Ruivo
René Cordeiro
1980
1980
1980
1980
1980
1980
1980
1980
1980
1980
1980
1980
1980
1980
1980
W
W
W
G
G
G
E
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
E
132
Sociedade e Trabalho booklets no. 16
Rui Lencastre da Veiga Pinto
Victor Hugo de Jesus Sequeira
Alexandre Manuel Rodrigues Gonçalves
Name
Year
1980
1980
1981
Delegation (G/W/E)
W
W
E
Ana Paula Teixeira Feio Vale
António Gentil Lagarto
António Gonçalves Janeiro
António Martins da Cruz
António Morgado Pinto Cardoso
António Queiroz Martins
Armando José Gomes Tavares
Aug. Gil Bensabat Ferraz da Silva
Augusto Gonçalves Marques
Aurora da Fonseca
Cristóvão António Soares Aguiar
Daniel Soares de Oliveira
David Augusto Bizarro Leandro
Delmiro de Sousa Correia
Fernando Alves Figueiredo
Gregório da Rocha Novo
Heitor Flávio Fernandes Salgueiro
Henrique do Nascimento Rodrigues
José Barros Moura
José Luís Judas
José Manuel da Rocha Pimentel
José Manuel Figueira de Faria
José R. Fonseca Handel de Oliveira
Luís Morales
Manuel Jorge Bazenga Marques
Maria Alice Vieira Pereira Falcão
Maria Cândida Almeida Ribeiro
Maria do Carmo Nunes
Maria Luísa de Almeida Castilho
Mário de Carlos Pinto
Rui Manuel Oliveira e Costa
Rui Rolão Gonçalves
Walid Maciel Chaves Saad
Alexandre Manuel Rodrigues Gonçalves
Álvaro Cordeiro Damaso
António Alberto Cabecinha
António Martins da Cruz
António Moralles
António Morgado Pinto Cardoso
António Regalheiro Charana
Artur Mota
Augusto Silva
1981
1981
1981
1981
1981
1981
1981
1981
1981
1981
1981
1981
1981
1981
1981
1981
1981
1981
1981
1981
1981
1981
1981
1981
1981
1981
1981
1981
1981
1981
1981
1981
1981
1982
1982
1982
1982
1982
1982
1982
1982
1982
W
G
W
G
E
G
W
W
G
G
G
E
G
W
W
E
E
G
W
W
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
W
E
G
E
G
W
G
G
E
G
G
W
133
APPENDIX
Name
Cristóvão de Aguiar
Delmiro de Sousa Correia
Francisco Manuel de Oliveira Costa
Gregório da Rocha Novo
Heitor Flávio Fernandes Salgueiro
João José Le Cocq Neves da Costa
Joaquim Fernandes Marques
José António Silveira Subtil
José Bailote Fernandes
José Barros Moura
José Fonseca Handel de Oliveira
José Manuel da Rocha Pimentel
José Manuel Figueira de Faria
José Pereira Lopes
Manuel Jorge Bazenga Marques
Maria Gomes Antunes Bento
Maria Helena Robert Lopes
Rui Gonçalves da Silva
Rui Herlander Rolão Gonçalves
Victor Hugo Sequeira
Walid Maciel Chaves Saad
Acácio Ferreira Catarino
Adelino Couto Rodrigues da Silva
Alexandre Manuel Rodrigues Gonçalves
António Martins da Cruz
António Morgado Pinto Cardoso
António Regalheiro Charana
Artur José Moreira Pereira da Mota
Augusto Silva
Carlos Carvalho
Cristovão de Aguiar
Custódio Tavares da Venda
Delmiro de Sousa Carreira
Francisco Manuel de Oliveira Costa
Gregório da Rocha Novo
Heitor Flávio Fernandes Salgueiro
João Maria Pereira de Moura
Joaquim Maria Fernandes Marques
José Luís Judas
José Manuel da Rocha Pimentel
José Pereira Lopes
José R. Fonseca Handel de Oliveira
José Silva
Luís Miranda Fernandes
Luís Morales
Year
1982
1982
1982
1982
1982
1982
1982
1982
1982
1982
1982
1982
1982
1982
1982
1982
1982
1982
1982
1982
1982
1983
1983
1983
1983
1983
1983
1983
1983
1983
1983
1983
1983
1983
1983
1983
1983
1983
1983
1983
1983
1983
1983
1983
1983
Delegation (G/W/E)
G
W
E
E
E
E
G
W
G
W
G
G
G
W
G
W
G
G
E
W
G
G
G
E
G
E
G
G
W
W
G
E
W
E
E
E
G
G
W
G
W
G
W
W
G
134
Sociedade e Trabalho booklets no. 16
Manuel Jordão
Manuel Jorge Bazenga Marques
Maria Cândida Almeida Ribeiro
Maria Emília Reis
Maria Odete Cordeiro Vital
Octaviano Geraldo Cabral Mota
Rui Gonçalves da Silva
Rui Manuel Duarte de Sousa Oliveira
Vítor Mansinho Botelho
Acácio Ferreira Catarino
Alfredo Morgado
Amândio Anes de Azevedo
António Gaspar Inocêncio Pereira
António Martins da Cruz
António Morgado Pinto Cardoso
Augusto Silva
Francisco Manuel de Oliveira Costa
Gregório da Rocha Novo
Heitor Flávio Fernandes Salgueiro
João Maria Pereira de Moura
Joaquim Manuel Arenga
José Barros Moura
José Conceição Nunes
José Luís Judas
José Manuel Bicho Martins Pisco
José Manuel da Rocha Pimentel
José Manuel de Matos
José Manuel Veludo
José Raul Fonseca Handel de Oliveira
Manuel Jordão
Manuel Jorge Bazenga Marques
Manuel José Monteiro Lorga
Name
Year
1983
1983
1983
1983
1983
1983
1983
1983
1983
1984
1984
1984
1984
1984
1984
1984
1984
1984
1984
1984
1984
1984
1984
1984
1984
1984
1984
1984
1984
1984
1984
1984
Delegation (G/W/E)
G
G
G
W
G
G
G
E
W
G
W
G
G
G
E
W
E
E
E
G
W
W
G
W
G
G
E
W
G
G
G
W
Maria Alba Anselmo de Castro
Maria Helena Robert Lopes
Maria Laura Seixas Rabaça Gaspar
Orlando Laranjeiro dos Santos
Rui Alberto Barradas do Amaral
Rui Gonçalves da Silva
Victor Hugo Sequeira
Victor Manuel Sampaio Caetano Ramalho
Alberto Sá e Mello
Alfredo Morgado
Amândio Anes de Azevedo
Ana Paula Teixeira Feio Vale
António de Melo e Castro
1984
1984
1984
1984
1984
1984
1984
1984
1985
1985
1985
1985
1985
G
G
G
W
G
G
W
G
E
W
G
W
G
135
APPENDIX
António Gaspar Inocêncio Pereira
António Morgado Pinto Cardoso
Augusto Silva
Name
Year
1985
1985
1985
Delegation (G/W/E)
G
E
W
Aurora da Fonseca
Carlos Blanco de Morais
David Leandro
Francisco Manuel de Oliveira Costa
Gregório da Rocha Novo
Heitor Flávio Fernandes Salgueiro
Joaquim Manuel Arenga
José António de Sousa Fialho
José Barros Moura
José Luís Judas
José Manuel da Rocha Pimentel
José Manuel Monteiro Veludo
José Pereira Lopes
José Raul Fonseca Handel de Oliveira
Júlio Vieira Mesquita
Manuel Jordão
Manuel Marques
Manuel Ribeiro Arruda
Marcelo Mathias
1985
1985
1985
1985
1985
1985
1985
1985
1985
1985
1985
1985
1985
1985
1985
1985
1985
1985
1985
G
E
G
E
E
E
W
G
W
W
G
W
W
G
G
G
G
G
G
Maria Alba Anselmo de Castro
Maria Cândida Almeida Ribeiro
Maria Emília Reis
Rui Alberto Barradas do Amaral
Rui Gonçalves da Silva
Vítor Manuel Sampaio Caetano Ramalho
Ana Paula Teixeira Feio Vale
Alberto Churro
António de Mello e Castro
António Fernando Couto dos Santos
António Morgado Pinto Cardoso
Armando Santos
Artur José Moreira Pereira da Mota
Augusto Silva
Carlos Blanco de Morais
David Leandro
Francisco Manuel de Oliveira Costa
Gregório da Rocha Novo
Heitor Flávio Fernandes Salgueiro
Joaquim Maria Fernandes Marques
José Alves da Silva
José Manuel Monteiro Veludo
Luís Filipe S. Borges Silveira
1985
1985
1985
1985
1985
1985
1986
1986
1986
1986
1986
1986
1986
1986
1986
1986
1986
1986
1986
1986
1986
1986
1986
G
G
W
G
G
G
W
G
G
G
E
W
G
W
E
G
E
E
E
G
W
W
G
136
Sociedade e Trabalho booklets no. 16
Luís Mira Amaral
Manuel Jorge Marques
Manuel Ribeiro Arruda
Name
Year
1986
1986
1986
Delegation (G/W/E)
G
G
G
Maria Emília Reis
Maria Helena Robert Lopes
Maria Luísa Pombo
Rui Gonçalves da Silva
Ruy Herlander Rolão
Victor Hugo Sequeira
Amadeu Dias
1986
1986
1986
1986
1986
1986
1987
W
G
G
G
E
W
G
Ana Paula Teixeira Feio Vale
Ana Paula Teixeira Feio Vale
Andrade Mota Cavalheiro
António Mocho
António Morgado Pinto Cardoso
António Pedro Correia dos Santos
Armando Reis Leitão
Artur Pereira da Mota
Augusto Ferraz Silva
Carlos Bandeira
Carlos Blanco de Morais
Cipriano Cardoso Pinto
Cristovão de Aguiar
Emídio Ferreira Martins
FrEerico Fernandes Pereira
Gregório da Rocha Novo
Heitor Flávio Fernandes Salgueiro
Henrique do Nascimento Rodrigues
Hermínio Gomes Fernandes
Ivo Costa Lopes
Joaquim Maria Fernandes Marques
Joaquim Martins
José Almeida Oliveira Faria
José António Pinto Belo
José Branco Vieira
José Casimiro Marcial Alves
José Luís Judas
José Monteiro Veludo
José Vieira Branco
José Vieira Conde
Liliana Mascarenhas Neto
Luís Filipe S. Borges Silveira
Luís Mira Amaral
Manuel Jordão
Manuel Jordão
1987
1987
1987
1987
1987
1987
1987
1987
1987
1987
1987
1987
1987
1987
1987
1987
1987
1987
1987
1987
1987
1987
1987
1987
1987
1987
1987
1987
1987
1987
1987
1987
1987
1987
1987
W
W
G
G
E
E
E
G
W
W
E
G
G
W
W
E
E
G
E
E
G
W
G
G
G
G
W
W
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
137
APPENDIX
Manuel Jorge Bazenga Marques
Manuel Ribeiro Arruda
Manuel Tabau
Marcelino Pereira Gomes
Maria Cândida Almeida Ribeiro
Maria Cândida Almeida Ribeiro
Maria Luís Bação
Rogério Gregório Tchon
Rogério Pinto
Rúben Pacheco Matos Rolo
Rui Gonçalves da Silva
Rui Manuel Pereira Fernandes
Saldanha Bento
Name
Year
1987
1987
1987
1987
1987
1987
1987
1987
1987
1987
1987
1987
1987
Delegation (G/W/E)
G
G
G
W
G
G
G
G
W
W
G
E
G
Alexandra Costa Artur
Amadeu Dias
1988
1988
E
G
Ana Martins Gomes
Ana Paula Teixeira Feio Vale
António Costa Lobo
António José Santos Nunes
António Morgado Pinto Cardoso
Augusto Pinto Baptista
Cipriano Cardoso Pinto
Gregório da Rocha Novo
Heitor Flávio Fernandes Salgueiro
Henrique do Nascimento Rodrigues
João M. Amor
Joaquim Martins
José Albino da Silva Peneda
José Aníbal da Cruz Luís
José Carneiro de Almeida
José Manuel Severino de Andrade
José Vieira Branco
1988
1988
1988
1988
1988
1988
1988
1988
1988
1988
1988
1988
1988
1988
1988
1988
1988
G
W
G
W
E
G
G
E
E
G
G
W
G
W
G
G
G
Liliana Mascarenhas Neto
Luís Filipe S. Borges Silveira
Manuel Jorge Bazenga Marques
Manuel Ribeiro Arruda
Maria Helena Robert Lopes
Maria Luís Bação
Mário Jorge Rodrigues Machado
Rui Gonçalves da Silva
Rui Manuel Pereira Fernandes
Victor Hugo Sequeira
Alfredo Morgado
Adelino Couto Rodrigues da Silva
Amadeu Dias
1988
1988
1988
1988
1988
1988
1988
1988
1988
1988
1989
1989
1989
G
G
G
G
G
G
E
G
E
W
W
G
G
138
Sociedade e Trabalho booklets no. 16
Ana Martins Gomes
Ana Paula Teixeira Feio Vale
Antenor Monteiro Barros
António Costa Lobo
António Morgado Pinto Cardoso
Armando Gomes Tavares
Carlos Blanco de Morais
David Leandro
Gregório da Rocha Novo
Heitor Flávio Fernandes Salgueiro
Henrique do Nascimento Rodrigues
João Amor
Jorge Seabra
José Albino da Silva Peneda
José Baptista Fernandes
José Horta e Costa
José Luís Judas
José Manuel Carinhas
Name
Year
1989
1989
1989
1989
1989
1989
1989
1989
1989
1989
1989
1989
1989
1989
1989
1989
1989
1989
Delegation (G/W/E)
G
W
W
G
E
W
E
G
E
E
G
G
G
G
W
W
W
W
Liliana Mascarenhas Neto
Luís Tomé de Almeida
Manuel Bazenga Marques
Manuel Ribeiro Arruda
1989
1989
1989
1989
G
G
G
G
Maria Cândida Almeida Ribeiro
Maria do Carmo Fernandes
Maria Helena Robert Lopes
Maria Josefina Seabra Teles de Menezes Correia Leitão
Mário Jorge Rodrigues Machado
Pedro Moitinho de Almeida
Rui Gonçalves da Silva
Rui Manuel Pereira Fernandes
Ruy Gonçalves
Alexandra Costa Artur
Adelino Couto Rodrigues da Silva
Alfredo Morgado
Amadeu Dias
Ana Paula Teixeira Feio Vale
António Costa Lobo
António Morgado Pinto Cardoso
Armando Gomes Tavares
Augusto Coelho Praça
Crisalida Abrantes
David Augusto Bizarro Leandro
Gregório da Rocha Novo
Heitor Flávio Fernandes Salgueiro
Horta e Costa
1989
1989
1989
1989
1989
1989
1989
1989
1989
1990
1990
1990
1990
1990
1990
1990
1990
1990
1990
1990
1990
1990
1990
G
W
G
G
E
G
G
E
E
E
G
W
G
W
G
E
W
W
G
G
E
E
W
139
APPENDIX
João Figueiredo Amor
José Albino da Silva Peneda
José M. Torres Couto
Name
Year
1990
1990
1990
Delegation (G/W/E)
G
G
W
Liliana Mascarenhas Neto
Luís Cristina de Barros
Luís Tomé de Almeida
Manuel Bazenga Marques
Manuel Ribeiro Arruda
1990
1990
1990
1990
1990
G
G
G
G
G
Maria Cândida Almeida Ribeiro
Maria do Carmo Fernandes
Maria Helena Robert Lopes
Maria Josefina Seabra Teles de Menezes Correia Leitão
Maria Natércia B. Duarte Rodrigues
Mário Custódio
Rui Gonçalves da Silva
Rui Manuel Pereira Fernandes
Ruy Gonçalves
Victor Hugo Sequeira
Alberto Sá e Mello
Adelino Couto Rodrigues da Silva
Amadeu Dias
Américo Calado Lopes
1990
1990
1990
1990
1990
1990
1990
1990
1990
1990
1991
1991
1991
1991
G
W
G
G
G
E
G
E
E
W
E
G
G
G
Ana Paula Teixeira Feio Vale
António Morgado Pinto Cardoso
Augusto Coelho Praca
1991
1991
1991
W
E
W
Cristina Nagy Morais
Gregório da Rocha Novo
Heitor Flávio Fernandes Salgueiro
João A. Figueiro Amor
Jorge Manuel Vitorino Santos
Jorge Seabra
José Albino da Silva Peneda
José de Frias Gomes
José Luís Judas
José M. M. Almeida Mesquita
José Pinto Belo
Liliana Mascarenhas Neto
Luís Cristina de Barros
Luís Roma de Albuquerque
Luís Tomé de Almeida
Manuel Carvalho da Silva
Manuel J. Bazenga Marques
Manuel Ribeiro Arruda
Maria Cândida Almeida Ribeiro
Maria Helena Robert Lopes
1991
1991
1991
1991
1991
1991
1991
1991
1991
1991
1991
1991
1991
1991
1991
1991
1991
1991
1991
1991
E
E
E
G
W
G
G
E
W
E
G
G
G
G
G
W
G
G
G
G
140
Sociedade e Trabalho booklets no. 16
Name
Maria Natércia B. Duarte Rodrigues
Maria Ramos Nunes Fernandes
Mário Correia Custódio
Nelson Moreira Guedes
Rui Gonçalves da Silva
Rui Manuel G. Pereira Fernandes
Adelino Couto Rodrigues da Silva
Agostinho Roseta
Alberto Sá e Mello
Alexandra Costa Artur
Alfredo da Silva
Amadeu Dias
António Botão
António M. Pinto Cardoso
António V. Carreira de Oliveira
Carlos António de Carvalho
Fernando Maurício Carvalho
Gregório da Rocha Novo
Heitor Flávio Fernandes Salgueiro
Henrique do Nascimento Rodrigues
João Ferreira Montoya
João Pereira de Moura
Jorge Almeida Seabra
José A. Santos Leitão
José Albino da Silva Peneda
José M. Torres Couto
José Manuel Carinhas
José Monteiro Veludo
José Pinto Belo
Liliana Mascarenhas Neto
Luís Cristina de Barros
Luís de Sousa Lorvão
Luís Tomé de Almeida
Manuel Carvalho Parente
Manuel J. Bazenga Marques
Manuel Ribeiro Arruda
Maria Cândida Almeida Ribeiro
Maria Emília Reis
Maria Helena Robert Lopes
Maria José Policarpo
Maria Ramos Nunes Fernandes
Maria Rosa Represas
Mário Correia Custódio
Rui Gonçalves da Silva
Rui Manuel G. Pereira Fernandes
Year
1991
1991
1991
1991
1991
1991
1992
1992
1992
1992
1992
1992
1992
1992
1992
1992
1992
1992
1992
1992
1992
1992
1992
1992
1992
1992
1992
1992
1992
1992
1992
1992
1992
1992
1992
1992
1992
1992
1992
1992
1992
1992
1992
1992
1992
Delegation (G/W/E)
G
G
E
W
G
E
G
W
E
E
G
G
G
G
G
W
W
E
E
G
E
G
G
G
G
W
W
W
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
W
G
G
G
W
E
G
E
141
APPENDIX
Rui Manuel Simões
Rui Pinto
Victor Correia Filipe
Victor Hugo Sequeira
Zózimo Justo da Silva
Alberto Sá e Mello
Acácio Roque
Alexandra Costa Artur
Amadeu Dias
António Botão
António Gaspar da Silva
António Pinto Cardoso
Apolónia Teixeira
Arthur Penedos
Carlos António de Carvalho
Carlos Trindade
Euardo Brazão de Castro
Euardo Quintanova
Name
Year
1992
1992
1992
1992
1992
1993
1993
1993
1993
1993
1993
1993
1993
1993
1993
1993
1993
1993
Delegation (G/W/E)
G
W
G
W
G
E
G
E
G
G
G
G
G
G
W
W
G
W
Elisa Damião
Fernando Maurício Carvalho
Florival Rosa Lança
Francisco B. Van Zeller
Gregório da Rocha Novo
Heitor Flávio Fernandes Salgueiro
José Albino da Silva Peneda
José António Pinto Belo
José Puig
1993
1993
1993
1993
1993
1993
1993
1993
1993
G
W
W
E
E
E
G
G
G
Liliana Gouveia Araújo
Luís Bastos
Luís Cristina de Barros
Luís Tomé de Almeida
Maria Cândida Almeida Ribeiro
Maria de Fátima Falcão de Campos
Maria do Carmo Fernandes
Maria Emília Castro
Maria Helena Robert Lopes
Maria José Policarpo
Mário Correia Custódio
Rui Gonçalves da Silva
Rui Manuel G. Pereira Fernandes
Rui Pinto
Wanda Olavo Corrêa d'Azevedo Guimarães
Zózimo Justo da Silva
Ana Cristina Vieira
Ana Maria Basto Perez
1993
1993
1993
1993
1993
1993
1993
1993
1993
1993
1993
1993
1993
1993
1993
1993
1994
1994
G
G
G
G
G
G
W
W
G
G
E
G
E
W
W
G
E
G
142
Sociedade e Trabalho booklets no. 16
Aníbal de Figueiredo Fernandes
António J. Gaspar da Silva
António Morgado Pinto Cardoso
António Sérgio Vitorino Grilo
Carlos António de Carvalho
Euardo Brazão e Castro
Fernando Manuel Pires Marques
Fernando Ribeiro Lopes
Francisco Bello Van Zeller
Gregório da Rocha Novo
Heitor Flávio Fernandes Salgueiro
João Pedro Saldanha Serra
José Falcão e Cunha
José Manuel Torres Couto
José Monteiro Veludo
José Pinto Belo
José Rosa Macedo
Liliana Gouveia Araújo
Luís Bastos
Luís Cristina de Barros
Luís Tomé de Almeida
Marcelino Pena Costa
Name
Year
1994
1994
1994
1994
1994
1994
1994
1994
1994
1994
1994
1994
1994
1994
1994
1994
1994
1994
1994
1994
1994
1994
Delegation (G/W/E)
G
G
G
G
W
G
W
G
E
E
E
G
G
W
W
G
G
G
G
G
G
E
Maria Helena Robert Lopes
Maria Teresa Paccetti dos Santos Lobo Correia
Mário Jorge Correia Custódio
Rui Fernando Couto dos Santos
Rui Gonçalves da Silva
Rui Manuel Pereira Fernandes
Victor Hugo Sequeira
Wanda Olavo Corrêa d'Azevedo Guimarães
Zózimo Justo da Silva
Alexandra Costa Artur
Aníbal de Figueiredo Fernandes
António J. Gaspar da Silva
Carlos Alves Trindade
Carlos António de Carvalho
Carlos Mendes
Chi Hong Wong
Euardo A. Brazão e Castro
Fernando Maurício Carvalho
Fernando Ribeiro Lopes
Florival Rosa Lança
Francisco Van Zeller
Gonçalo Santa Clara Gomes
Gregório da Rocha Novo
1994
1994
1994
1994
1994
1994
1994
1994
1994
1995
1995
1995
1995
1995
1995
1995
1995
1995
1995
1995
1995
1995
1995
G
G
E
W
G
E
W
W
G
E
G
G
W
W
W
G
G
W
G
W
E
G
E
143
APPENDIX
Name
Guida Maria Vieira Martins
Heitor Flávio Fernandes Salgueiro
João Saldanha Serra
Joaquim Coelhas Dionísio
José Falcão e Cunha
José Monteiro Veludo
José Varatojo Junior
Liliana Gouveia Araújo
Luís Cristina de Barros
Luís de Sousa Bastos
Luís Tomé de Almeida
Marcelino Pena Costa
Maria Cândida Almeida Ribeiro
Maria Helena Robert Lopes
Maria Luísa Geraldes Brotas Carrondo
Mário Correia Custódio
Miguel Ângelo Brito
Rui Gonçalves da Silva
Rui Pereira Fernandes
Wanda Olavo Corrêa d'Azevedo Guimarães
Alexandra Costa Artur
Amílcar Ramos
António Alexandre Delgado
António de Lemos Monteiro Fernandes
António José Gaspar da Silva
Carlos Alberto Rodrigues Bandeira
Carlos António de Carvalho
Euardo Brazão e Castro
Euardo Chagas
Fernando Moreira da Silva
Fernando Ribeiro Lopes
Francisco Eusébio Filipe
Francisco Van Zeller
Gonçalo Santa Clara Gomes
Gregório da Rocha Novo
Guida Maria Vieira Martins
Heitor Flávio Fernandes Salgueiro
Jerónimo Rodrigues
João de Deus
João Nunes
João Pereira de Moura
João Proença
Joaquim da Silva Cascais
José António Pinto Belo
José António Pinto Belo
Year
1995
1995
1995
1995
1995
1995
1995
1995
1995
1995
1995
1995
1995
1995
1995
1995
1995
1995
1995
1995
1996
1996
1996
1996
1996
1996
1996
1996
1996
1996
1996
1996
1996
1996
1996
1996
1996
1996
1996
1996
1996
1996
1996
1996
1996
Delegation (G/W/E)
W
E
G
W
G
W
G
G
G
G
G
E
G
G
G
E
G
G
E
W
E
W
W
G
G
W
W
G
W
G
G
G
E
G
E
W
E
W
W
E
G
W
G
G
G
144
Sociedade e Trabalho booklets no. 16
Name
José Paulo Farinha
Luís Armando de Sousa Bastos
Luís Barreira de Sousa
Luís de Almeida
Luís Tomé de Almeida
Luís Tomé de Almeida
Marcelino Pena Costa
Maria Cândida Medeiros Soares
Maria Helena Robert Lopes
Maria João Fernandes Rodrigues
Maria Luísa Geraldes Brotas Carrondo
Maria Odete Cordeiro Vital
Maria Teresa Paccetti dos Santos Lobo Correia
Mário Caldeira Dias
Mário Correia Custódio
Miguel Fawor
Rui Gonçalves da Silva
Rui Manuel Jervis Pereira Fernandes
Sérgio Manuel Gonçalves
Victor Hugo Sequeira
Year
1996
1996
1996
1996
1996
1996
1996
1996
1996
1996
1996
1996
1996
1996
1996
1996
1996
1996
1996
1996
Delegation (G/W/E)
E
G
G
W
G
G
E
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
E
G
G
E
G
W
Wanda Olavo Corrêa d'Azevedo Guimarães
Zélia de Matos
Amílcar Ramos
Ana Cristina Vieira
António de Lemos Monteiro Fernandes
António Sérgio Vitorino Grilo
Carla Almeida e Sousa
Carlos Carvalho
Carlos Manuel Alves Trindade
Chi Hong Wong
Euardo Brazão de Castro
Evaristo Guerra de Oliveira
Fernando Manuel Maurício de Carvalho
Fernando Ribeiro Lopes
Florival Rosa Lança
Gonçalo Santa Clara Gomes
Gregório da Rocha Novo
Heitor Flávio Fernandes Salgueiro
Isabel Marquez Ribeiro da Silva
João Henriques de Figueiredo Pereira Montoya
Joaquim Martins
José António Pinto Belo
José Macedo
Luís Barreira de Sousa
Luís Tomé de Almeida
1996
1996
1997
1997
1997
1997
1997
1997
1997
1997
1997
1997
1997
1997
1997
1997
1997
1997
1997
1997
1997
1997
1997
1997
1997
W
G
W
E
G
G
W
W
W
G
G
W
W
G
W
G
E
E
G
E
W
G
G
G
G
145
APPENDIX
Marcelino Pena Costa
Name
Year
1997
Delegation (G/W/E)
E
Maria Cândida Medeiros Soares
Maria Euarda da Silva Soares Ribeiro
Maria Helena Robert Lopes
Maria João Fernandes Rodrigues
Mário Correia Custódio
Rui Bettencourt Leite
Rui Gonçalves da Silva
Rui Manuel Jervis Pereira Fernandes
Vasco Colares Pereira
Alberto Sá e Mello
Amílcar Ramos
António Ramos André
António Rodrigues
António Soares Ferreira
Artur Penedos
Carlos António de Carvalho
Carlos Maia Machado
Euardo Brazão de Castro
Euardo Ferro Rodrigues
1997
1997
1997
1997
1997
1997
1997
1997
1997
1998
1998
1998
1998
1998
1998
1998
1998
1998
1998
G
G
G
G
E
G
G
E
G
E
W
G
G
G
G
W
G
G
G
Elisa Damião
Fernando Ribeiro Lopes
Fernando Ribeiro Mendes
Filomena Bordalo
Gonçalo Santa Clara Gomes
Gonçalo Velho
Gregório da Rocha Novo
Heitor Flávio Fernandes Salgueiro
Inês Cordovil
Isabel Marquez Ribeiro da Silva
João Henriques de Figueiredo Pereira Montoya
João Proença
Jorge Rato
José António Pinto Belo
José Meirinho
José Rosa Macedo
Lou Soi Pen
Luís Tomé de Almeida
Marcelino Pena Costa
1998
1998
1998
1998
1998
1998
1998
1998
1998
1998
1998
1998
1998
1998
1998
1998
1998
1998
1998
G
G
G
G
G
G
E
E
G
G
E
W
G
G
W
G
G
G
E
Maria de Fátima Moreira Pinto
Maria Euarda da Silva Soares Ribeiro
Maria Emília Reis
Maria Helena Robert Lopes
Maria Luísa Guimarães
Mário Correia Custódio
1998
1998
1998
1998
1998
1998
W
G
W
G
G
E
146
Sociedade e Trabalho booklets no. 16
Nuno Correia da Silva
Name
Year
1998
Delegation (G/W/E)
G
Odete Santos
Pedro de Fontoura Madureira
Rui Bettencourt Leite
Rui Gonçalves da Silva
Rui Manuel Jervis Pereira Fernandes
Victor Hugo Sequeira
Alberto Sá e Mello
1998
1998
1998
1998
1998
1998
1999
G
G
G
G
E
W
E
Alexandra Freire
Álvaro de Mendonça e Moura
1999
1999
E
G
Ana Cármen Monteiro do Carmo Cisa
António Correia
António Lucas
António Ramos André
António Soares Ferreira
Carlos António de Carvalho
Carlos João Pereira
Carlos Maia Machado
Carlos Manuel Alves Trindade
Catalina Pestana
Cristina Nagy Morais
Euardo Brazão de Castro
Euardo Ferro Rodrigues
Fernando Lopes Ribeiro
Fernando Ribeiro Lopes
Gonçalo de Santa Clara Gomes
Gregório da Rocha Novo
Heitor Flávio Fernandes Salgueiro
Isabel de Mendonça Raimundo
João Henriques de Figueiredo Pereira Montoya
João Pedroso
Jorge Rato
José Manuel Meirinho
José Mota Coimbra de Matos
Júlio Fernandes
Ka Hung Shuen
Lucília Figueira
Luís Tomé de Almeida
Manuel Carvalho da Silva
Marcelino Pena Costa
Maria Emília Reis
Maria Helena Robert Lopes
Maria Luísa Guimarães
Mário Correia Custódio
Mário Santos
1999
1999
1999
1999
1999
1999
1999
1999
1999
1999
1999
1999
1999
1999
1999
1999
1999
1999
1999
1999
1999
1999
1999
1999
1999
1999
1999
1999
1999
1999
1999
1999
1999
1999
1999
W
G
G
G
G
W
E
G
W
G
E
G
G
G
G
G
E
E
G
E
G
G
W
G
W
G
G
G
W
E
W
G
G
E
G
147
APPENDIX
Nuno Correia da Silva
Name
Year
1999
Delegation (G/W/E)
G
Olga Maria Pereira Vicente Henriques
Rui Bettencourt Leite
Rui Gonçalves da Silva
Álvaro de Mendonça e Moura
Ana Cármen Monteiro do Carmo Cisa
Ana Cristina Vieira
António Lucas
António Manuel Casimiro Ferreira
António Ramos André
Artur Penedos
Barbosa de Oliveira
Carlos António de Carvalho
Carlos Maia Machado
Carlos Manuel Alves Trindade
1999
1999
1999
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
G
G
G
G
W
E
G
G
G
G
G
W
G
W
Célia Maria Portela da Silva
Clara Guerreiro
Cristina Nagy Morais
Daniela Monteiro
Euardo Brazão de Castro
Euardo Ferro Rodrigues
Fernando Ribeiro Lopes
Francisco L. Bello Van Zeller
Gregório da Rocha Novo
Heitor Flávio Fernandes Salgueiro
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
W
E
E
G
G
G
G
E
E
E
Joana Margarida C. Sobral Gomez
João António Gomes Proença
Jorge Luís R. W. Soares de Sousa
Jorge Manuel Vitorino Santos
José João Abrantes
José Manuel Mendonça Azevedo
Luís Nuno B. Duarte Silva
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
G
W
E
W
G
G
G
Luzia de Carvalho
Manuel Ferreira Martins
Marcelino Pena Costa
Maria Cândida Medeiros Soares
Maria da Conceição Proença Afonso
Maria Helena Robert Lopes
Maria Josefina Seabra Teles de Menezes Correia Leitão
Maria Manuela Ferreira Coelho Pereira Serra
Maria Teresa Paccetti dos Santos Lobo Correia
Mário Correia Custódio
Nelson Matias
Paulo Bárcia
Paulo José Fernandes Pedroso
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
E
W
E
G
G
G
G
G
G
E
G
G
G
148
Sociedade e Trabalho booklets no. 16
Pedro José da Vinha Costa
Rui Gonçalves da Silva
Rui Leite Bettencourt
Telmo Correia
Vicente José Rosado Merendas
Vítor Hugo Sequeira
Name
Year
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
Delegation (G/W/E)
G
G
G
G
G
W
Alexandra Freire
Alexandre Mestre
Álvaro de Mendonça e Moura
Amílcar Ramos
2001
2001
2001
2001
E
E
G
W
Ana Cristina Vieira
António Manuel Casimiro Ferreira
António Maria Burstorff Dornelas Cysneiros
António Valadas da Silva
Arménio Santos
Carlos António de Carvalho
Carlos Maia Machado
Carlos Manuel Alves Trindade
Fernando Ribeiro Lopes
Florival Rosa Lança
Gonçalo Velho
Heitor Flávio Fernandes Salgueiro
João Augusto V. Gomes Teixeira
João de Melo Medeiros
João Henriques de Figueiredo Pereira Montoya
Jorge Luís R. W. Soares de Sousa
Jorge Manuel Vitorino Santos
Jorge Pereira
José Manuel Mendonça Azevedo
José Pereira Lopes
2001
2001
2001
2001
2001
2001
2001
2001
2001
2001
2001
2001
2001
2001
2001
2001
2001
2001
2001
2001
E
G
G
G
G
W
G
W
G
W
G
E
G
G
E
E
W
W
G
W
Lucília Figueira
Luzia de Carvalho
Maria Helena Robert Lopes
Maria Manuela Ferreira Coelho Pereira Serra
Mário Correia Custódio
Mário Vieira
Nelson José Fonseca Matias
Paulo Barcia
Paulo José Fernandes Pedroso
Rui Gonçalves da Silva
Telmo Correia
Vicente José Rosado Merendas
2001
2001
2001
2001
2001
2001
2001
2001
2001
2001
2001
2001
G
E
G
G
E
E
G
G
G
G
G
G
Zélia de Matos
Alexandra Freire
Alexandre Mestre
2001
2002
2002
G
E
E
149
APPENDIX
Name
Álvaro de Mendonça e Moura
Amílcar Ramos
Ana Cristina Vieira
Ana Paula Bernardo
António Bagão Félix
António Pedro Roque da Visitação Oliveira
Armando da Costa Farias
Artur Rodrigues Pereira dos Penedos
Carlos António de Carvalho
Carlos Maia Machado
Euardo Brazão de Castro
Fernando Ribeiro Lopes
Heitor Flávio Fernandes Salgueiro
Year
2002
2002
2002
2002
2002
2002
2002
2002
2002
2002
2002
2002
2002
Delegation (G/W/E)
G
W
E
W
G
G
W
G
W
G
G
G
E
Jacinta de Oliveira Santos
João António Gomes Proença
João Augusto V. Gomes Teixeira
João dos Santos Rodrigues
Jorge Luís R. W. Soares de Sousa
José Manuel Meirinho
José Sousa Fialho
2002
2002
2002
2002
2002
2002
2002
G
W
G
G
E
W
G
Lucília Figueira
Luís Pais Antunes
2002
2002
G
G
Luzia de Carvalho
Maria de Lourdes Pisco
Maria Helena Robert Lopes
Mário Correia Custódio
Mário Vieira
Paulo Barcia
Rita Magalhães Colaço
Rui Leite Bettencourt
António Maria Pinheiro Torres
Armando da Costa Farias
Carlos António de Carvalho
Carlos Maia Machado
Carlos Manuel Alves Trindade
Carlos Manuel dos Anjos Alves
Carlota Leitão Correia
Clara Guerreiro
Euardo António Brazão de Castro
Euardo Leandro
Felicidade Reis Rodrigues
Fernando Ribeiro Lopes
2002
2002
2002
2002
2002
2002
2002
2002
2003
2003
2003
2003
2003
2003
2003
2003
2003
2003
2003
2003
E
G
G
E
E
G
G
G
G
W
W
G
W
W
G
E
G
G
G
G
Florbela Leopoldo
Heitor Flávio Fernandes Salgueiro
2003
2003
E
E
Isabel Gonçalves
2003
G
150
Sociedade e Trabalho booklets no. 16
Joaquim Pina Moura
Jorge Luís R. W. Soares de Sousa
José Caetano da Costa Pereira
José Macedo
José Manuel Meirinho de Jesus
José Manuel Santos
Name
Year
2003
2003
2003
2003
2003
2003
Delegation (G/W/E)
G
E
G
G
W
G
Lucília Figueira
Luís Gonçalves da Silva
Luís Miguel Pais Antunes
Luísa Portugal
Luzia de Carvalho
Manuel Carvalho da Silva
Maria Cândida Medeiros Soares
Maria de Fátima Machado Grilo
Maria Goreti Machado
Maria Helena Robert Lopes
Maria Leonor Maltez Parreira Cortez dos Santos
Mário Correia Custódio
Paulo Bárcia
Rita Siborro
Rui Gonçalves da Silva
Rui Leite Bettencourt
Rui Meireles Vieira de Castro
Vicente José Rosado Merendas
Vítor Rui Loureiro de Carvalho
António José dos Santos Cardoso Macedo
António Regalheiro Charana
Arménio Santos
Artur Penedos
Carlos António de Carvalho
Carlos Maia Machado
Carlos Manuel Alves Trindade
Carlos Pereira Marques
Clara Guerreiro
Euardo António Brazão de Castro
Felicidade Reis Rodrigues
Fernando Ribeiro Lopes
2003
2003
2003
2003
2003
2003
2003
2003
2003
2003
2003
2003
2003
2003
2003
2003
2003
2003
2003
2004
2004
2004
2004
2004
2004
2004
2004
2004
2004
2004
2004
G
G
G
G
E
W
G
G
G
G
W
E
G
E
G
G
E
G
E
W
G
G
G
W
G
W
G
E
G
G
G
Florbela Leopoldo
Florival Rosa Lança
Heitor Flávio Fernandes Salgueiro
João António Gomes Proença
João de Melo Medeiros
João Pedro Henriques
José António de Sousa Fialho
José Caetano da Costa Pereira
2004
2004
2004
2004
2004
2004
2004
2004
E
W
E
W
G
G
G
G
151
APPENDIX
José Manuel Meirinho de Jesus
Name
Year
2004
Delegation (G/W/E)
W
Lucília Figueira
Luís Gonçalves da Silva
Luís Miguel Pais Antunes
Luísa Portugal
Luzia de Carvalho
Manuel Carvalho da Silva
Manuel de Matos
2004
2004
2004
2004
2004
2004
2004
G
G
G
G
E
W
G
Maria Cândida Medeiros Soares
Maria Helena Robert Lopes
Maria Leonor Maltez Parreira Cortez dos Santos
Maria Teresa Paccetti dos Santos Lobo Correia
Maria Teresa Santos
Mário Jorge Correia Custódio
Nuno Bernardo
Paulo Bárcia
Paulo Veiga
Rita Siborro
Rui de Meireles V. de Castro
Rui Gonçalves da Silva
Rui Leite Bettencourt
Sandra Isabel dos Santos Cruz
Tânia Veiga
Alexandra Freire
Alexandre Augusto Cunha Dias
António Abrantes
António José dos Santos Cardoso Macedo
Arménio Santos
Carlos António de Carvalho
Carlos Maia Machado
Carlos Manuel Alves Trindade
Carlos Pereira Marques
2004
2004
2004
2004
2004
2004
2004
2004
2004
2004
2004
2004
2004
2004
2004
2005
2005
2005
2005
2005
2005
2005
2005
2005
G
G
W
G
G
E
E
G
G
E
E
G
G
E
G
E
W
E
W
G
W
G
W
G
Carlota Leitão Correia
Cristina Nagy Morais
Euardo António Brazão de Castro
Fernando Ribeiro Lopes
Florival Rosa Lança
Gabriel Rodrigues Bastos
Heitor Flávio Fernandes Salgueiro
2005
2005
2005
2005
2005
2005
2005
G
E
G
G
W
G
E
Helena Leal
João António Gomes Proença
João de Melo Medeiros
José António Fonseca Vieira da Silva
José António Sousa Fialho
José Caetano da Costa Pereira
2005
2005
2005
2005
2005
2005
E
W
G
G
G
G
152
Name
José Manuel C. Meirinho de Jesus
José Pedro Pinto
Lucília Figueira
Luzia de Carvalho
Maria da Conceição Proença Afonso
Maria Helena Robert Lopes
Maria José Gamboa
Maria Manuela Ferreira Coelho Pereira Serra
Maria Teresa Paccetti dos Santos Lobo Correia
Mário Jorge Correia Custódio
Nuno Antão
Nuno Bernardo
Nuno Biscaya
Sociedade e Trabalho booklets no. 16
Odete Santos
Ricardo Martins
Rui Gonçalves da Silva
Rui Leite Bettencourt
Sandra Isabel dos Santos Cruz
Aida Carla Baptista Morais
Alexandra Freire
Ana Maria Viana Pais Alves Baptista
António Abrantes
Armando da Costa Frias
Carlos António de Carvalho
Carlos Maia Machado
Carlos Manuel Alves Trindade
Carlos Pereira Marques
Year
2005
2005
2005
2005
2005
2005
2005
2005
2005
2005
2005
2005
2005
2005
2005
2005
2005
2005
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
Delegation (G/W/E)
W
G
G
E
G
G
G
G
G
E
G
E
E
G
G
G
G
E
W
E
E
E
W
W
G
W
G
Carlota Leitão Correia
Cristina Nagy Morais
Euardo António Brazão de Castro
Fernando de Sousa Junior
Fernando Ribeiro Lopes
Florival Rosa Lança
Gabriel Gameiro Rodrigues Bastos
Gastão Claro Damas
Heitor Flávio Fernandes Salgueiro
Helena Lopes Costa
João António Gomes Proença
João Bebiano
João de Deus Gomes Pires
João de Melo Medeiros
Joaquina Cadete
Jorge de Sousa
Jorge Gaspar
Jorge Machado
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
G
E
G
G
G
W
G
W
E
G
W
E
W
G
G
E
G
G
153
APPENDIX
José António Fonseca Vieira da Silva
José António Sousa Fialho
José António Sousa Fialho
José Caetano da Costa Pereira
José Caetano da Costa Pereira
José Catarino
José Manuel Meirinho de Jesus
José PEro Oliveira da Silva Pinto
Name
Year
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
Delegation (G/W/E)
G
G
G
G
G
E
W
G
Lucília Figueira
Maria Helena Robert Lopes
Maria José Gamboa
Maria Manuela Ferreira Coelho Pereira Serra
Maria Teresa Paccetti dos Santos Lobo Correia
Mário Jorge Correia Custódio
Nuno Bernardo
Paulo Morgado de Carvalho
Pedro d'Almeida Freire
Ricardo Freitas
Rui Gonçalves da Silva
Rui Leite Bettencourt
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
G
G
G
G
G
E
E
G
E
G
G
G
Teresa Coelho
Alexandra Freire
António José dos Santos Cardoso Macedo
Carlos Maia Machado
Carlos Manuel Alves Trindade
Carlos Pereira Marques
Carlota Leitão Correia
Cristina Nagy Morais
Diogo Almeida Carreira Franco
Euardo António Brazão de Castro
Estevão Miguel Anjos Martins
Fernando Souza Junior
2006
2007
2007
2007
2007
2007
2007
2007
2007
2007
2007
2007
G
E
W
G
W
G
G
E
G
G
E
G
Florival Rosa Lança
Francisco Xavier Esteves
Heitor Flávio Fernandes Salgueiro
João António Gomes Proença
João de Melo Medeiros
Jorge Soares de Sousa
José António Fonseca Vieira da Silva
José António Sousa Fialho
José Manuel Meirinho de Jesus
José Pedro Oliveira da Silva Pinto
2007
2007
2007
2007
2007
2007
2007
2007
2007
2007
W
G
E
W
G
E
G
G
W
G
Maria Helena Robert Lopes
Maria Teresa Paccetti dos Santos Lobo Correia
Maria Teresa Requejo
2007
2007
2007
G
G
G
154
Sociedade e Trabalho booklets no. 16
Mário Jorge Correia Custódio
Miguel Filipe Pardal Cabrita
Nuno Bernardo
Name
Year
2007
2007
2007
Delegation (G/W/E)
E
G
E
Paula Viseu
Rui Gonçalves da Silva
Rui João Beliz Pestana de Almeida
Rui Leite Bettencourt
Adília Lisboa
Alexandra Freire
Ana Cristina Vieira
Ana Paula Fernandes
António Manuel Melo Medeiros
Arménio Santos
2007
2007
2007
2007
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
W
G
G
G
E
E
E
G
G
G
Carla Correia
Carlos António de Carvalho
Carlos Maia Machado
Carlos Pereira Marques
Cristina Nagy Morais
Deolinda Correia
Diogo Almeida Carreira Franco
Euardo António Brazão de Castro
Fernando José Machado Gomes
Fernando Ribeiro Lopes
Francisco Xavier Esteves
Heitor Flávio Fernandes Salgueiro
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
E
W
G
G
E
G
G
G
W
G
G
E
Helena Leal
Isabel Coutinho
Isabel Ribeiro Pereira
Isabel Santos
Isilda Maria Costa Fernandes
João António Gomes Proença
João de Melo Medeiros
José António Fonseca Vieira da Silva
José António Sousa Fialho
José Manuel Conceição Meirinho de Jesus
José Pedro Oliveira da Silva Pinto
Maria Cândida Medeiros Soares
Maria Graciete Martins da Cruz
Maria Helena Robert Lopes
Maria Teresa Requejo
Mário Jorge Correia Custódio
Pedro Mota Soares
Pedro Quartin Graça
Rui Gonçalves da Silva
Rui João Beliz Pestana de Almeida
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
E
G
E
G
G
W
G
G
G
W
G
G
W
G
G
E
G
G
G
G
155
APPENDIX
Name
Wanda Olavo Corrêa d'Azevedo Guimarães
Adão Silva
Adília Lisboa
Alexandra Freire
Ana Cristina Vieira
Ana Paula Pereira Marques
António de Lemos Monteiro Fernandes
António Valadas da Silva
Arménio Santos
Carlos Alberto Maia da Silva Machado
Carlos Alves
Carlos António de Carvalho
Catarina Marcelino
Cristina Nagy Morais
Diogo Almeida Carreira Franco
Euardo António Brazão de Castro
Elza Deus Pais
Fernando José Machado Gomes
Francisco Xavier Esteves
Heitor Flávio Fernandes Salgueiro
Year
2008
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
Delegation (G/W/E)
W
G
E
E
E
G
G
G
G
G
W
W
G
E
G
G
G
W
G
E
Helena Botelho
Helena Leal
Isabel Cordovil
Isabel Ribeiro Pereira
Isilda Maria Costa Fernandes
Joana Borges Henriques
Joana Vieira da Silva
João Bernardo
João Proença
Jorge de Sousa
José António de Sousa Fialho
José António Fonseca Vieira da Silva
José Manuel Cordeiro
Manuel Carvalho da Silva
Marcelino Pena Costa
Margarida Lobão
Maria Cândida Medeiros Soares
Maria Graciete Martins da Cruz
Maria Teresa Paccetti dos Santos Lobo Correia
Mário Jorge Correia Custódio
Nuno Biscaya
Paula Cristina Pereira de Azevedo Pamplona Ramos
Paulo Jorge Morgado de Carvalho
Pedro Mota Soares
Ricardo Pracana
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
G
E
G
E
G
G
G
G
W
E
G
G
W
W
E
G
G
W
G
E
E
G
G
G
G
156
Sociedade e Trabalho booklets no. 16
Name
Rui Fonseca
Rui Gonçalves da Silva
Rui Jorge da Silva Leite de Bettencourt
Year
2009
2009
2009
Delegation (G/W/E)
G
G
G
Teresa Morais Sarmento
Wanda Olavo Corrêa d'Azevedo Guimarães
Adão Silva
2009
2009
2010
G
W
G
Adília Lisboa
2010
E
Alexandra Freire
2010
E
Ana Luzia Gomes Ferreira Reis
2010
G
Ana Paula Pereira Marques
2010
G
Anabela Freitas
2010
G
António Luís Valadas da Silva
2010
G
António Monteiro Fernandes
2010
G
Artur Rêgo
2010
G
Carlos Alberto Maia da Silva Machado
2010
G
Carlos António de Carvalho
2010
W
Carlos Manuel Alves Trindade
2010
W
Carlos Manuel dos Anjos Alves
2010
W
Carlos Proença
2010
E
Catarina Marcelino
2010
G
Cristina Nagy Morais
2010
E
Euardo Brazão de Castro
2010
G
Francisco Xavier Esteves
2010
G
João António Gomes Proença
2010
W
João Gomes Esteves
2010
E
Jorge Soares de Sousa
2010
E
José Macedo
2010
G
José Manuel Cordeiro
2010
W
Marcelino Pena Costa
2010
E
Margarida Lobão
2010
G
Maria Graciete Martins da Cruz
2010
W
Maria Helena André
2010
G
Maria Teresa Paccetti dos Santos Lobo Correia
2010
G
Mário Jorge Correia Custódio
2010
E
Nuno Biscaya
2010
E
Nuno Pestana
2010
G
Paula Cristina Pereira de Azevedo Pamplona Ramos
2010
G
Renato Francisco Almeida de Medeiros
2010
G
Rui Gonçalves da Silva
2010
G
Rui Jorge Leite de Bettencourt
2010
G
Vanda Teresa Pereira da Cruz
2010
W
This Portuguese List Delegations is part of a database prepared by Inês Bélico de Velasco, in a scope of an academic internship in ILO
Lisbon Office in 2010.
Legenda: G –Governamental Delegation; E –Employers Delegation; W – Workers Delegation.
Womens Delegates are in bold.
* This list was made according the information provides from the Government.
Download

OIT - Cite