Institutional innovation for the solution to
Amazonia’s land ownership problems: the case of the
internal affairs department in Mato Grosso
Bastiaan Philip Reydon
Estadual de Campinas – UNICAMP
[email protected]
Ana Karina da Silva Bueno
Universidade de São Paulo - USP
[email protected]
Ana Paula da Silva Bueno
Universidade Estadual de Campinas – UNICAMP
[email protected]
 The land problem in Brazil stems from the occupation process
of the territory implement by Portuguese and later by the
brazilian rulers;
 In the case of Mato Grosso, the situation of insecurity of land
ownership is substantially aggravated in comparison with
other states through having had a largely disorderly
occupation in which the public agencies in the state, granted
lands in haphazard fashion.
 The objective of this article is to show solution found to solve
the land issues: the establishment of the Agrarian Affairs and
Public Registries Committee of the Justice Internal Affairs
Department in the State of Mato Grosso.
Why do we need to worry about land tenure and the
security of land rights in state of Mato Grosso ?
• Mato Grosso State is
located on CentralWest Region of Brazil;
• It is the third largest
state in the country;
• Is the state where
agribusiness more
developed in Brazil in
recent years;
• Included in the Legal
Amazon territory.
Source: CONAB, IBGE, Imea
Land destination in the province
of Mato Grosso
• Land regulation established as to favor private interests of
a minority in the state.
• Transference of public lands to private owners through
government institutions as political favors is commonplace.
• Department of Land and Colonization (DTC), created in
1945: colonization enterprises obtained an average or
200,000 hectares (bought in bulk for Cr$ 10 and resold to
colonists at prices ranging from Cr$ 100-300 per hectare.
• DTC closed many times due to great number of frauds, final
closure in 1966.
• From 1966-1977 there were no specific government
agency to regulate land destination.
Land destination in the province
of Mato Grosso
• Late 1970s: creation of the CODEMAT (Mato Grosso Development
Company) and INTERMAT (Land Institute of Mato Grosso).
• Cold or “flying” titles: formal land titles obtained with the
government agencies and after the acquisition of the titles, these
were 'adjusted' to areas which did not correspond to their
original extension and registered in the Land Registry Offices.
• This practice resulted in overlapping titles (many owners to the
same area) all around the state of Mato Grosso until today.
• During the military regime (esp in the 1970s and 1980s): huge
colonization attempt on the outskirts of the Amazônia,
INTERMAT raised administratively about 6,4 million hectares of
vacant land to be sold to colonization enterprises in a process far
from transparent.
Land destination in the province
of Mato Grosso
• Conclusions:
• No clear delimitation of public and private lands.
• Overlapping titles and no complete land cadaster.
• Every single land management agency (DTC,
CODEMAT, INTERMAT) sold land without
demarcation of the areas described in the titles.
• Impossibility of good land governance practices due
to:
• Lack of transparency in land-related bodies
• Lack of a single cadaster that distinguish public
from private land and identifies public vacant
lands.
Land tenure problems detected by the
methodology LGAF
• Lack of understanding of the land ownership base
of state and federal origin
• Mismatches on the land ownership base
• Problems with the state land agency (INTERMAT)
• Absence of a cadaster for private real estate,
possibility of appropriation and the fragility of the
registration system
• Confused, disjointed institutional arrangements
and policies
• Problems with the State Courts
The solution to solve the problems
The Justice Internal Affairs Department in the
State of Mato Grosso created, in 2011, the Land
Affairs and Public Registry Committee of the
Courts of Justice with the aim of promoting:
Synergy between the organs;
a joint debate on the existing land ownership
problems in state;
regularization of both urban and rural real
estate in the state.
The Committee has the following duties
I – To study the occupation of land by creating a
database on this subject;
II – To identify the main problems between Land
Registries and Land Management in the state of Mato
Grosso;
III – To submit a proposal for concrete solutions for
cases submitted to it;
IV – To promote the qualification of professionals
operating in the area covered by this directive;
V – To analyze queries or processes submitted to them
by the participating institutions or any other entities
which, for the purposes of clarification, may enter into
contact.
Measures Taken by the Land Affairs and Public
Registry Committee
Provision 15/2014 – CGJ/MT - Creates the Municipal Land Affairs
Committee and Municipal Land Regularization Councils.
 Results: 20 municipalities have created the commission and the city
council.
Provision 36/2013 – CGJ/MT - Provides for the standardization
of georeferencing legalization procedures and recording of
Definitive Titles issued by the State and/or Federal Public
Authorities.
 Results: The city of Comodoro is developing a land regularization
program you want to legalize more than 1,500 land located in a
community of low-income urban areas . So far, the municipal program
Regulate Commodore has claimed informality at least 100 families.
Provision 37/2013 – CGJ/MT - Provides for the extinction of
condominium pro diviso),
Measures Taken by the Land Affairs and Public
Registry Committee
Provision 56/2014 – CGJ/MT, which set a period of 60 days
for INTERMAT to supply the Letter of Consent.
Results: provided more quickly to the land regularization process in state
public land;
Provision 63/2014 – CGJ/MT - Provides for the
standardization of the georeferencing registration
procedure in the matriculation of mismatched and/or
overlapping titles;
Provision 68/2014 – CGJ/MT - Provides for the
regularization of INCRA Rural Settlement Projects and the
registration of agrarian reform titles.
Results: More than 80,000 families will benefit the state. So far
2,082 families received definitive certificates of ownership of their
areas;
Conclusions
• That the land problems of Mato Grosso result from disordered
way held territorial occupation;
• Absence of a register and the lack of knowledge of public and
private lands;
• Lack of structure, organization and transparency of state land
agency, the INTERMAT;
• The creation of land affairs committee to identify land tenure
problems , propose solutions and publish rules to make them
viable is a kind of ideal mechanism to achieve good land
governance;
• The promotion of dialogue and the exchange of information
between government agencies , non-governmental and civil
society that the commission is being provided essential for
conflict resolution in the State of Mato Grosso.
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