Limits and Interfaces in
Science: Materials Science
Carlos F.O. Graeff
DF-FC-UNESP
Bauru
Carlos F.O. Graeff; [email protected]
Carlos F.O. Graeff; [email protected]
Carlos F.O. Graeff; [email protected]
1973
MRS is founded
Carlos F.O. Graeff; [email protected]
2000: materials scientists added a fifth
corner to the polyhedron characterising their discipline: end users.
Nanotechnology
Source: National Research Council, Materials Science and Engineering –
Forging Stronger Links to Users, Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press, 1999, 8
Carlos F.O. Graeff; [email protected]
Chemical Realization of DNA-FET
6) Complementary Target
DNA/Fluorescence Labeled
5) ss-Marker DNA
Attachment
2) Amine Photochemical
Attachment
3) Decapping
4) Cross-Linker
Attachment
1) H-termination
of Diamond
Photochemical amine layer formation on H-terminated single-crystalline CVD diamond
N. Yang, H. Uetsuka, H. Watanabe, T. Nakamura, C.E. Nebel
Chemistry of Materials, 2007, 19, 2852-2859.
Diamond and Biology
C.E. Nebel, D. Shin, B. Rezek, N. Tokuda, H. Uetsuka, H. Watanabe
Journal of The Royal Society Interface 4, 439 - 461 (2007).
In Brazil
• Important dates
– Ceramics:
• 1610 first bricks (SP/Pelourinho)
• 1798 Bricks and roofing tile (Benedictines)
– Metals
• 1590 Iron factory (Araçoiaba/SP)
• 1810 Royal Iron Factory de São João de Ipanema
• 1940/1945 CSN, CBA, CVRD
– Polymers
• 1949 Polystirene Bakol (SP)
Carlos F.O. Graeff; [email protected]
Research and Education (BR)
• 1873 – Escola Politécnica do Rio de Janeiro
(Mining Eng.)
• 1875 – Escola de Minas de Ouro Preto
• 1970 – UFSCar (Materials Eng.)
• 2001 – SBPMat (Brazilian MRS)
• 2008 – CAPES (Materiais)
• 2010 Around 120 groups in 80 Institutions do
research in the area.
Carlos F.O. Graeff; [email protected]
CAPES
• New evaluation area created in 2008
• Number of Graduate programs: 14 (2 in
2008)
– S 5, SE 5, NE 4
• Recently approved programs (2009): 2M,
1D, 1F
• Growth: ~3-4 new programs in the next 3
years.
São Paulo, 28-30/11/2009
Carlos F.O. Graeff; [email protected]
Grade
9
57%
8
7
6
5
4
21%
3
14%
2
7%
1
0
3
4
5
6
7
São Paulo, 28-30/11/2009
Carlos F.O. Graeff; [email protected]