! #$ % % "" ! $% ! & ' " " # ( & ,--, % )* " # + & ! $) . & ' $ . ) $% / 0 1$ 2 . " % # $ " 0 . . 0 . # 1# / " 0 1 /# " 1.. & 1$ 1 ) . $% % )$1 / ) ),---' " 1#" 1 " $% &) & / $ # 1 ) " %/ % & " $. ' $ ) 1. 1 & " . /% $ ) " 0 1$ % $ . 1 $" . /0 0 ) " 0 2/ " 0 " $1 /&1 1 & ). $ & % 3 # ). 0 2 $$ %$ 1 #" $1 #. /" 0 ) . ' 0 1$ . &# ' 0 " 2 0$ 3 $. # 1 0 " % $" 1$ ) 0 / $ 0" /$1 # . ). 0 2 $. % # #. / . 0 . 0" . " /&1 / . $ . ) 0 " 0 $ . $ $ ". ' " 2 # % % $ 1 )1 " / $ 1")0 / )) 1$ 1 1 ) . $ 2 " ( /5 $ % # $ 1## " % . $ " %$ $ #6" #/0" 0 . $$ 1$ # " . . )) . .& " 2" . $/$ " / 0 1$ 2. 2 # " $ $ $ / 18 . ) . $ 0 % " 2 # $. $/ % . $# % . 0" " " )* " # /0" ' 3 $ 7 & $ " )* " # $ 7 1.& " 0 /0 " 1 $" )1' 0 1$ ) . #. $ % 0 " . $1 # . % / $ 0" / " ) 1 / . " #4 . )" . % % +/ $ 3 " " $ ' 0 1 . ). ) / $ . # ". $%$1 # ' " . "/ & $ " 1& 2 / $/ ) 1 / 1 1 " # " ( % $ '9 # 1$ 0" # 1 $ $ 1 +/0" & $ 0 ' 1 ; < </ 1 " )1 0 = 8% $ 0 1$ " ? ; 2 " $ 8/ & 3 $ 1 $ %/ < % $" $) ' ) " . . ) ' ; /; $ / 0 " 0" . # "#" #" . $ $1 /0 0 $ % @. # )" ) % ) / ' * )# # % " . / $ . # %/ " . ". )) B. 0 2 # $ "% / . # 1" % 0" / . "% / 0" " % 0 2 $ 0 ". 1 1 )1 # / $ 1 / $5> 1$ / " 1) / 0 : # $ = #1 & % ) ) . #1 )) $$)) # #1 " $ A ' ; & . " ' $/) " ) $ " 1#" $. % "1 $ ' " 2 $1 $ 12& 2 ) )1 $ /. 1 B . " /0" ") / 0 1$ 2 $/ & % " " 2 ' ' 1$ ( $ . ) 0 ". $. ,---% " ) /0 " 1 0" . % $ 0" 1 $% . /0" " ) $. +/ $ " 1 1 # $. " 1#" " ' $ $ % 0 1$" % # " ' ( 1. FOREWORD .......................................................................................................... 7 2. THE ROLE OF CURRENT RELATIONSHIPS IN ADAPTATION: SOCIAL SUPPORT........................................................................................................ 11 )* +*, )* )* " " " " " * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *++ "" " * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *+- )* .*/ "0% ' * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *)1 ,'C'D' 0 2 '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ,D ,'C'D'D' " ) 0 2 $" " 1 $ '''''''''' ,, ,'C'D',' " ) 0 2 $ " " " 1 . ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' C,'C'D'C' " ) 0 2 $ " # " " 1 . '''''''''''''''''''''''' CC ,'C'D'E' 1.. $ 1 ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' CF ,'C',' 3 " # $ 1 ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' E,'C','D' 1$ )1 B 2 #'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' EG ,'C',',' 1$ )1 % " & !; ''''''''''''''''''''''''''' EH ,'C','C' 1$ )1 % " & !3 . % '''''''''''' EI ,'C','E' 1$ )1 % " & ! % & 1 '''' GD ,'C','G' 1$ )1 % 1 1 ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' GC ,'C','H' 1$ )1 % % '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' GG ,'C','I' 1$ ) 1 % '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' GF ,'C','F' 1$ )$ . )1 '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' H,'C','J' B $ $/ )B 1$ )1 ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' H, ,'C','D-' )B 1$ )1 1 # &"% $) ''''' HF ,'C','DD' 1.. $ 1 ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' II ,'C'C' %$ 1 ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' F, ,'C'C'D' ) 1 ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' FC ,'C'C',' " ) % & $. " . ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' FI ,'C'C'C' " 3 ) %$ 1 ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' JF ,'C'C'E' % ) 0 " %$ 1 ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' D-C ,'C'C'G' " 1 & ) 1 ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' D-I ,'C'C'H' 1.. $ 1 ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' D,,'C'E' " " $ ) 1 ! # % 1 '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' D,G ,'C'E'D' " $1 1 ) $1 1 . ! % $ # % . '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' DCE ,'C'E',' 1.. $ 1 ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' DCF ,'C'G' ; " . ) 1 ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' DE,'C'G'D' % ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' DED ,'C'G',' $ )B . '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' DE, ,'C'G'C' $ % . ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' DEC ,'C'G'E' ) ) $ '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' DEE ,'C'G'G' ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' DG, ,'C'G'H' " $ " # #'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' DGE ,'C'G'I' . % $ # 1$ ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' DH,'C'G'F' " # . " . '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' DIH ,'C'G'J' 1.. $ 1 ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' DF, 3. THE ROLE OF PAST RELATIONSHIPS IN ADAPTATION: ATTACHMENT ... 189 .* +* " ' "* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *+23 C'D'D' 0 & K ) 1 $ #" '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' DFJ C'D',' 0 "K . &1 ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ,-, C'D'C' " 0" 1 !" 7 ". $ 7 # '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ,D, .* )*4 " " ' .* .* ' C'C'D' ". C'C',' ". C'C','D' % C'C',',' " C'C','C' " .* -* '' " ' " * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *)+5 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *).) $1 ! " . "''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ,CC $1 ! " 3 "'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ,EI . . 1 . ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ,GC & $% $ )3 ". . 1 '''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ,HE ) ". " $ # ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' C-F * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *.+2 4. WHEN PAST AND PRESENT MEET: LINKS BETWEEN ATTACHMENT AND SOCIAL SUPPORT ....................................................................................... 335 -* +* '' " * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *.-- 5. OVERVIEW OF THE EMPIRICAL STUDY ........................................................ 347 6. METHOD ............................................................................................................ 353 5* +* " * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *.6. 5* )% " * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *.66 H','D' 1 !" LB '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' CGG H','D'D' # $$ % . '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' CGG H','D',' ". . " 1 . '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' CGH H',',' $1 ". ! " L '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' CHH',','D' # $$ % . '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' CHH',',',' ". . " 1 . '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' CHD H','C' " B ) ". $ 1 ! " ML B ''''''''''''' CHJ H','C'D' # $$ % . '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' CHJ H','C',' ". . " 1 . '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' CID H','E' !" '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' E-H','E'D' # $$ % . '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' E-H','E'D' ". . " 1 . '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' E-D H'H'D' 1 ) !" ; ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' E-G H'H'D'D' # $$ % . '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' E-G H','G',' ". . " 1 . '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' E-H H','H' # # !" * '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' E-J H','H'D' # $$ % . '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' E-J H','H',' ". . " 1 . '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ED- H','I' % $ # % . !" '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' EDH H','I'D' # $$ % . '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' EDH H','I',' ". . " 1 . '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' EDJ 5* .* " "* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *-)) H'C'D' $ 1 . ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' E,, H'C',' 2 #$ 0 % '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' E,C H'C'C' 1 ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' E,I H'C'E' $ ) )N1 ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' E,F H'C'G' 3 . )$)) ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' E,F 5* -* '' " * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *-)3 7 . RESULTS.......................................................................................................... 433 7* +* " 7* )* " " " ( * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *-.. " " ( 7* . ' 7* -* " 7* 6*% ' " 7* 7* " " " '' " * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *-6) " * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *-67 " ( * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *-5" 7* 3*% 7* +1 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *-6+ " " 7* 2 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *--3 " ( ( 7* 5* ' * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *-.5 ' " " * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *-55 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *-52 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *-7) 8. GENERAL CONCLUSIONS............................................................................... 475 9. REFERENCES ................................................................................................... 479 10. APPENDICES .................................................................................................. 543 ; .O $ % <.@ . 1 P ) / . 1 O N1 / .O N1 1$ #1. 11 $ . $$ /. . ' "1. . @ #1 ! % 13 #1<. N1 . #1<. N1 . $ ?1 " $ % N1 # ' / . $ . . / .O N1 1 . 1$ / . #. 1 $ .. " ' 1 "1% ' % ?@ O 1: ' < . 1. & : ''' 1& $ . %. $ & 1: ''' & 1 ( '$'+ ( " " $? )" $ ' . 1 1 " ) % 1 " 0 $ & 1 % & 0 " $. $ # )" " 3 31 % . # ) " . $ # ) ) 1 ) % . " . & " N1 0" 3. " "$ # ) ) " N1 # % % ). . 0 /& . ) 1 $' # $ #" ) . ) 2 & " ' / 0 $ " % 0 )" 3 1$ $ " 1 )) 1 ) $ " N1 " 3 ' " . 0 ) " 1 ) / )) " 0 ". " .) 1 $0 " 0 " #' ) # /" 1#" $ ) " / $ " 1$ $ ) $ $ 1 0 "E# 1 B & #/ $ ) # N1 $) $)) $ $ $/ / "0 $ " . " $ / $0 1$ 1 ' ". N1 ' $$ . # ) " . " ) .1 . $ . & $' 3 " # # " 1#" $ 0 1$& . ' " & " 1$ & $%$1 $)) . /) 1 1## " " % $/ " 1#" $ 1. % . /0 " " $ .1 " . ' " 0 ". $ " 1#" % . $ & ' $ " / $ " . $ )% % . $ " 1$ # #" ) )) 1. && " B " 1 ) $ # # 1$ % / $ % " " 1$ )1 $$ ) 0 " "0 " & 0 $ " )B " " $/ ) ' ) 1 $ " $)) / 1## #" % %$ . 31 % #0 " & / $ ' $ :O . $ $ $ $ :O ' <. $ A% = N1 $%A$1 ' $ / .& . ' <. $ / 1. S ) . #. . :Q @# . % $ . . . $ :O @ % $ # %/ $ %< $ 1. 1. ' . @ $ . 1 $ " . 1. . / /& . # :Q $/ :O $ 1B ' $ . N1 . $ . " . 1$ A) $ $ N1 $ $ $ :Q % @% . . 1 % / .& :O $ / . .O /& . ) . $ $ 1. $ S. :O $ ) . $ 1 .O/ / 1# 3 . . O ) $) . # < :Q N1 $) 3 A% /$ N1 $ $ $ ) $ . E# 1 # ) 1 :Q :O 3 $ 1 / . # / .O O /$ % @% & $ ". ) . = $ / :O ' ) : / . 1. / O O $ & % @% OB / . $. 1 B ' $ N1 $ % .S + . . $$ ) $ %' $ %$ $%. $ .A )1R 1$ . A . $ . 1. 3. $ $ (# < 1 1N1 A ) . $ 3 1. 1 :Q . .1 S % $ $$ $ 1 . 1 ' $ N1 . . & .$ N1 . $ % @% ' $ . " . .1 . $ ) $$ $ $) :O . 1B 31 ' $ % 1 :O 1 Q N1 ' O 1# $ ) . %< $ 1. $% )1 :O $ $ / %O $ ?. $ %% . & % @% . 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