Inglês
Atividades adicionais
Módulo 1
1.(ITA) Dadas as sentenças:
1.The princesses’ crowns disappeared.
2.I am going to the dentist's now.
3.My house is a stone's throw from here.
constatamos que o uso do caso genitivo está correto:
a)apenas na sentença no- 1.
b)apenas na sentença no- 2.
c)apenas na sentença no- 3.
d)apenas na sentença nos 1 e 3.
e)em todas as sentenças.
2.(ITA) A alternativa que corretamente preenche as lacunas I, Il e Ill de
1.No news (....I...) good news.
2.The Brazilian people (....II...) very friendly
3.Your cattle (....III...) there.
é:
a)l. is – II. are – III. are
b)l. are – II. is – III. is
c)l. are – II. is – III. are
d)l. are – II. are – III. are
e)l. is – II. is – III. is
3.(FMJ) She realized what she had done.
a)Ela fez o que fez.
b)Ela realizou muitas boas obras.
c)Ela entendeu o que havia feito.
d)Ela percebeu o que queria.
e)Ela conseguiu todos os seus sonhos.
4.(PUC) There's plenty of room.
a)Há pequenos quartos.
b)Há muitas salas.
c) Há muito rum.
d)Há muito lugar.
e)Há poucos lugares.
5.(ITA) Eu tenho poucos amigos.
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a)I have a few friends.
b)I have few friends.
c)I have little friends.
d) have a little friends.
e)I have not very friends.
6.(MACK) Choose the correct alternative to complete
the sentence.
"As soon as we got home, we ..... our raincoats on
the sofa."
a)laid d)
lain
d)lied e)
lay
c)lie
7.(UEL) ..... unless you can improve the silence.
a)Talk
b)Talking
c)Not talk
d)None talk
e)Don’t talk
Questões de 08 a 13 PAS/UEPA/2012 – 3a- etapa.
Leia o texto abaixo para responder as questões de
08 a 13.
Moral Harassment
What is moral harassment?
Many researchers are now trying to define and understand psychological or moral harassment at work.
Among these, we have retained a definition from a
renowned expert in the field, French psychiatrist Marie-France Hirigoyen, here freely translated:
"If a person or a group of individuals treats you in a manner that is hostile, whether through actions, words or in
writing, and if those actions affect your dignity, your physical or psychological welI-being, as well as causing a deterioration in your workplace or even jeopardizing your employment, you are the victim of psychological harassment."
How to recognize moral harassment?
According to German psychologist Dr. Heinz Leymann, the following are some of the effects and
behaviours of moral harassment (for which he uses
the term "mobbing").
Effects on the victim's possibilities to communicate
(management gives you no possibility to communicate, you are silenced, verbal attack against you regarding work assignments, verbal threats, verbal
activities in order to reject you, etc.)
1
Effects on the victim's possibilities to maintain social contacts (colleagues do not talk with you any
longer or you are even forbidden by management to
talk to them, you are isolated in a room far away from
others, you are "sent to Coventry", etc.)
Effects on the victim's possibilities to maintain his
personal reputation (gossiping about you, others ridicule you, others make fun about a handicap or your
ethnic heritage, or your way of moving or talking, etc.)
Effects on the victim's occupational situation (you
are not given any work assignment at all, you are given meaningless work assignments, etc.)
Effects on the victim's physical health (you are given dangerous work assignments, others threaten
you physically or you are attacked physically, you are
sexually harassed in an active way, etc.)
What are the consequences of moral harassment at
work?
On The Victim And Witnesses
Moral harassment can lead to an untimely end to a career. The following example shows how such a course
of events can lead to an abrupt, premature departure:
Emotional instability: anguish, discouragement, frustration, feelings of helplessness, a loss of self-esteem,
of ambition, of motivation. Physical health problems:
tiredness, headaches, lack of sleep, intestinal and other
physical discomforts. Mental health problems: depression, professional burn-out, suicidal thoughts.
Loss of credibility: reputation destroyed, victim's professionalism questioned. Job loss: disability leave, resignation or dismissal. Incapacity to go back to regular work: abandoning the job market. Involuntary
witnesses may feel uneasy, insecure and powerless. [...]
10. O termo these no texto refere-se:
a)a assédio moral ou psicológico.
b)às vitimas de assédio.
c)aos pesquisadores do assunto.
d)aos locais onde ocorrem assédio.
e)aos praticantes de assédio.
11. Segundo Dr. Heinz Leymann, quando alguém é
assediado por causa de uma deficiência, esse fato
está relacionado a problemas de:
a)comunicação.
b)situação ocupacional.
c)reputação pessoal.
d)saúde física.
e)contatos sociais.
12. A alternativa que apresenta apenas sintomas de
instabilidade emocional característicos de pessoas atingidas pelo tipo de violência em questão é:
a)angústia, depressão, sensação de abandono
b)perda de auto-estima, cansaço, angústia
c)insônia, angústia, perda de ambição
d)frustração, perda de auto-estima e de motivação
e)depressão, frustração, sensação de abandono
13. Pessoas que testemunham involuntariamente cenas de assédio moral sentem-se:
a)desmotivadas e excluídas.
b)excluídas e injustiçadas.
c)amarguradas e impotentes.
d)prejudicadas e ameaçadas.
e)intranquilas e inseguras.
14. (UNICAMP-2011)
Source: http://www. prevention-violence.com/en/int-111.asp)
8.O texto utiliza uma tradução livre para definir o que é
assédio moral, de acordo com a visão:
a)do psicologo alemão Heinz Leymann.
b)da psiquiatra francesa Marie-France Hirigoyen.
c)da psicóloga francesa Marie-France Hirigoyen.
d)de vários estudiosos do assunto.
e)do psiquiatra alemão Heinz Leymann.
9.Dr. Heinz Leymann utiliza o termo
se referir à "moral harassment".
a)bullying
b)jeopardizing
c)psychological harassment
d)sexual harassment
e)mobbing
para
a)Cite os conselhos irônicos que o primeiro poster
dá aos adolescentes que se sentem incomodados pelos pais.
b)Explique as duas leituras possíveis do segundo
poster.
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2
15. (UNICAMP-2011)
Public Health
Cholera tightens grip on Haiti
by Declan Butler
As cholera rampages through Haiti, some epidemiologists are warning that the country could face
more than half a million cases over the coming year.
"It’s spreading like wildfire", says Andrew Carmilli, a
cholera researcher at Tufts University School of Medicine in Boston, Massachusetts. As the current Haitian population has never been exposed to cholera
they lack any immunity to the disease, which makes
the toll even greater. Vaccination might have helped, but it was not an option in Haiti because of the
vaccines scarcity and the logistical difficulties in
getting it to people in time
who preferred to get their dose of culture as an
25 observer rather than doing something more
hands on.
The authors said: "The results indicate that the
use of cultural activities in health promotion
and healthcare may be justified."
30 The study, however, cannot say that culture improves health. lt could be the case that healthier people are more likely to take part in cultural activities.
35 Professor Alan Maryon-Davis, spokesperson for
the UK Faculty of Public Health, said: "lt's interesting research, probably working through the
release of hormones, like endorphins, increasing the feeling of wellbeing and reducing anxiety and depression."
Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/lhealth/13501294 24 May
2011 Last updated at 10:46 GMT
(Adaptado de Nature, vol. 468, p. 483-484, 2010.)
a)Qual é a expectativa dos epidemiologistas com
relação a disseminação do cólera no Haiti? O que
explica a expansão dessa doença no país?
b)Por que a vacinação não foi utilizada no combate
ao cólera no Haiti?
UFVMJ – 2011 – PAS – 1a- etapa (questões 16 a 20).
Instructions: Read the text below and answer
questions 16 to 20.
Culture linked to improved health
1 Trips to the theatre, concerts, art galleries and
museums have been linked to better health and
wellbeing, according to researchers in Norway.
A report, published in the Journal of Epidemio5 logy and Community Health, showed the more
often people engaged in cultural activities the
greater their health benefits.
The authors suggest culture could be used to
promote good health.
10 The study interviewed 50,797 adults from
Norway. They were asked about their health,
and satisfaction with life, as well as levels of anxiety and depression.
They were also questioned about their involve15 ment in two cultural fields: "creative culture"
when the person does something such as play an
instrument, paint or sing, and "receptive culture"
including going to galleries and concerts.
Both types of cultural activity were linked with
20 good health, wellbeing, low stress and low depression even when other factors, such as social
background and wealth, were taken into account.
ln men the effect was most pronounced in those
133
GLOSSARY
Engaged: envolvidas, comprometidas
Fields: campos
Health: saude
Increasing: aumentando
Norway: Noruega
Release: liberação
Research: pesquisa
Spokesperson: porta-voz
Wealth: riqueza
Wellbeing: bem-estar
16. The text is mainly about
a)adults and Norway.
b)culture and health.
c)authors and researches.
d)endorphins and hormones.
17. According to the text, the interview DID NOT ask
about
a)anxiety.
b)education.
c)depression.
d)satisfaction.
18. All the following alternatives are examples of "creative culture" according to the text EXCEPT:
a)play an instrument.
b)paint a picture.
c)sing a song.
d)go to a concert.
3
19.It can be inferred from the text that all the alternatives bellow can be reduced by cultural activities,
EXCEPT:
a)wellbeing.
b)stress.
c)depression.
d)health problems.
20. The relative pronoun "who", in line 24, refers to
a)men.
b)dose.
c)effect.
d)culture.
PAS – UEPA – 2012 – 2a- etapa (questões 21 a 24).
Leia o texto abaixo para responder às questões de
21 a 24.
Dear Readers,
Were you bullied at school today?
Did you see someone else being bullied? According to a 2005 study by researchers at the University of California Los Angeles, nearly one half of
middle-school students reported being bullied at
least once during five school days. Even more kids
had seen others being bullied. Bullying is harmful
not only to the kids that are bullied, but to every
kid in school. Hitting, teasing, name-calling and
other forms of bullying create an atmosphere of
fear and dread.
Every kid wonders, Will I be bullied next?
At TIME For Kids, we want every kid to feel comfortable, safe and confident at school, so everyone can
focus on learning and growing. That's why we are
so proud that the Department of Health and Human Services has sponsored this supplement "Stop
Bullying Now!" This is the first of three issues you
will receive this year presenting bullying scenarios
and showing you ways to cope with them. Share
this comic book, and the two that follow, with your
family and friends.
Bullying behavior has probably been around for as
long as human beings have walked the earth. We
hope to give kids the tools they need to react
appropriately to bullying situations. Bullying should
not be rewarded or tolerated.
21. A seção da revista TIME For Kids na qual o texto é
veiculado é:
a)Atualidades
b)Negócios
c)Editorial
d)Cartas
e)Entrevista
22. De acordo com Martha Pickerill, o tema em questão
pode ser encontrado:
a)nesta e em duas edições posteriores.
b)em três edições posteriores a esta.
c)nesta e em duas edições anteriores.
d)em duas edições posteriores.
e)nesta e em duas edições dos próximos anos.
23. Estudos realizados em 2005, na Universidade da Califórnia, revelam que:
I.Metade dos alunos americanos ja presenciou cenas de bullying.
II.Bullying é prejudicial a todos os alunos da escola.
III.Caçoar e bater são algumas das formas de
bullying utilizadas.
IV.Medo e terror são gerados em consequência desse tipo de violência.
V.Los Angeles é a cidade americana que registra
mais casos de bullying.
De acordo com as afirmativas acima, a alternativa
correta é:
a)I, II e IV
b)I, II e V
c)II, III e IV
d)II, III e V
e)I, II e III
24. A expressão "cope with" indica a ideia de:
a)cooperar com
b)lidar com
c)livrar-se de
d)atacar
e)compartilhar
25. UNICAMP (2012)
Sincerely yours,
Martha Pickerill
Managing Editor, TIME For Kids
(Fonte: adaptado de http://www.edpubs.gov/document/
ed005149p.pdf?ck=308; acesso em 06. 09.2011)
133
4
(Adaptado de http://www.phdcomics.com/comics/archive.
php?comicid=1017/. Acessado em: 28/09/2011.)
a)Na "equação" apresentada no retângulo à direita
do cartum, o que "x" representa? Como saber o
valor de "x" nessa "equação"?
b)O que o cartum tem a dizer sobre quem se senta
próximo à saida? E sobre quem se senta encostado à parede?
UFVMJ – 2011 – PAS – 2a- etapa (questões 26 a 30).
Instructions: Read the text below and answer
questions 26 to 30.
Stay away from energy drinks, doctors say
1 (Reuters Health) – ln a new report, a large group of
American doctors urge kids and teens to avoid
energy drinks and only consume sports drinks in limited amount. The recommendations come in the
5 wake of a national debate over energy drinks, which experts fear may have side effects. "Children never need energy drinks", said Dr. Holly Benjamin, of
the American Academy of Pediatrics, who
worked on the new report. "They contain caffei10 ne and other stimulant substances that aren't nutritional, so you don't need them." And kids might be more vulnerable to the contents of energy drinks than grownups. "lf you drink them on a
regular basis, it stresses the body," Benjamin
15 told Reuters Health. "You don't really want to
stress the body of a person thats growing."
For the new recommendations, published in the
journal Pediatrics, researchers went through earlier studies and reports on both energy drinks and
20 sports drinks, which don't contain any stimulants. They note that energy drinks contain a
jumble of ingredients including vitamins and
herbal extracts – with possible side effects that
aren't always well understood. While there
25 aren't many documented cases of harm directly
linked to the beverages, stimulants can disturb
the heart's rhythm and may lead to seizures in
very rare cases, Benjamin said. Recently, she
saw a 15-year-old boy with attention deficit
133
30 hyperactivity disorder who came into the hospital with a seizure after having drunk two 24-ounce bottles of Mountain Dew, a soft drink that
contains caffeine. The boy was already taking
stimulant ADHD medication, and the extra
35 caffeine in principle might have pushed him
over the edge, according to Benjamin. "You just
never know," she said. "lt's definitely a concern."
Earlier this year, Pediatrics published another review of the literature on energy drinks. In it, Florida
40 pediatricians described cases of seizures, delusions, heart problems and kidney or liver damage in people who had drunk one or more non-alcoholic energy drinks – including brands like
Red Bull, Spike Shooter and Redline. While
45 they acknowledged that cases are very rare, and
can't be conclusively linked to the drinks, they
urged caution, especially in kids with medical
conditions. U.S. sales of non-alcoholic energy
drinks are expected to hit $9 billion this
50 year, with children and young adults accounting
for half the market. Manufacturers claim their products will enhance both mental and physical performance, and were quick to downplay the February report. "The effects of caffeine are well-known
55 and as an 8.4 oz can of Red Bull contains about the
same amount of caffeine as a cup of coffee
(80 mg), it should be treated accordingly," Red Bull
said in an emailed statement to Reuters Health.
Benjamin said that for most kids, water is the
60 best thing to quench their thirst. If they happen
to be young athletes training hard, a sports
drink might be helpful, too, because it contains
sugar. But for kids who lead less-active lives,
sports and energy drinks might just serve to
65 pile on extra pounds, fueling the national obesity epidemic. While she acknowledged that
more research is needed, Benjamin said the safest thing to drink is water.
Source /text: bit.ly/cxXOG Pediatrics, online May 30, 2011/
http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/05/30/us-energydrinks-idUSTRE74T11O20110530 (adapted)
Source /picture: http://www.impactable.net/2011/02/14/
doctors-warn-energy-drinks-putting-consumers-at-risk-assales-soar/NEW YORK I Mon May 30, 2011 4:12am EDT By
Frederik Joelving
Glossary
Acknowledged: reconhecer
Avoid: evitar
Beverages: bebidas
Caution: precaução
Concern: preocupação
Delusions: alucinações
5
Downplay: minimizar a importância
Enhance: aumentar, intensiticar
Fear: temer
Fueling: contribuindo
Harm: dano
Kidney: rim
Liver: figado
Quench: saciar
Sales: vendas
Seizures: ataques, convulsões
Thirst: sede
Two 24-ounce-bottles: duas garrafas de aproximadamente 750 ml
Urge: recomendar
8,4 oz can: lata de aproximadamente 250 ml
26. The text is mainly about
a)the causes of obesity in children and adolescents.
b)health effects of energy drinks on children and
adolescents.
c)the reasons why children and adolescents consume energy drinks.
d)a 15-year-old boy who went to hospital after consuming a soft drink.
27. According to text, energy drinks can cause the following health problems, EXCEPT:
a)depression.
b)delusions.
c)heart problems.
d)kidney damage.
28. The word "who" in line 08 refers to
a)children.
b)experts.
c)Dr. Holly Benjamin.
d)the American Academy of Pediatrics.
29. According to Florida pediatricians,
a)the US should prohibit the sales of energy
drinks.
b)energy drinks contain the same amount of caffeine as a cup of coffee.
c)energy drinks don’t affect both mental and physical performance of children.
d)children with medical conditions should consume energy drinks with caution.
30. The text suggests that children should
a)avoid sports and energy drinks if they are athletes.
b)drink water to quench their thirst.
c)have a more active life.
d)train hard if they are athletes.
PAS (UFV) – 2a- etapa – 2011 (C1 – gabarito) (questões 31 a 40).
Língua Inglesa – Questões de 31 a 40
Ask the Expert: Is Laughter the "Best Medicine"
for Your Heart?
Can a laugh every day keep the heart attack
1
2 away? Maybe so.
"The old saying that 'laughter is the best medici3
4 ne,' definitely appears to be true when it comes
5 to protecting your heart, says Michael Miller,
6 M.D., director of the Center for Preventive Car7 diology at the University of Maryland Medical
8 Center. 'We don't know yet why laughing pro9 tects the heart, but we know that mental stress is
10 associated with impairment of the endothelium,
our blood vessels protective barrier, which can
11
12 cause a series of inflammatory reactions that
13 leads to fat and ultimately to a heart attack."
About his recent study, Miller states that its
14
15 most signiticant finding" was that people with
16 heart disease responded less humorously to
everyday life events. They generally laughed
17
18 less, even in positive situations, and they
displayed more anger and hostility.
19
"The ability to laugh – either naturally or as Iear20
21 ned behavior – may have important implications
in societies where heart disease remains the
22
23 number one killer," says Miller. "We know that
24 exercising, not smoking and eating foods low in
25
saturated fat will reduce the risk of heart disea26 se. Perhaps regular, hearty laughter should be
27 added to the list."
28
Miller's conclusion leads to incorporate laughter
29 into our daily activities, just as we do with other
30
heart-healthy exercises, such as taking the
31 stairs instead of the elevator. "We could perhaps
32 read something humorous or watch a funny
33
video and try to find ways to take ourselves less
34 seriously," Miller says. "The recommendation
35 for a healthy heart may one day be exercise,
36
eat right and laugh a few times a day."
(Available at: http://www.umm.edu/features/laughter.htm.
Retrieved on: July, 2011. Adapted.)
31. According to the text, it is CORRECT to say that:
a)researchers know exactly why laughing protects
the heart.
b)researchers are aware that stress influences heart
conditions.
133
6
c)a heart attack can cause a series of inflammatory
reactions.
d)people who takes life humorously tend to have
heart disease.
32. According to the text, the ability to laugh:
a)is dificult for everybody.
b)is unnatural for all human beings.
c)can be a learned behavior.
d)shows better results than any medicine.
33. According to the text, the alternative which presents a recommendation for a healthy heart is:
a)eating high saturated fat foods.
b)exercising regularly.
c)using the elevator instead of the stairs.
d)smoking only light cigarettes.
34. The underlined expression in the sentence, "Can a
laugh everyday keep the heart attack away?" (line 1)
means that laughing:
a)can prevent a heart attack.
b)can cause a heart attack.
c)weakens your heart.
d)accelerates your heart beat.
35. lf a person is diagnosed with "impairment of the endothelium" it means that the endothelium:
a)is totally repaired.
b)works properly.
c)is absent.
d)is damaged.
36. In the sentence, "[...] may have important implications
in societies" (lines 20-22), the word "may" indicates:
a)certainty.c)
advice.
b)politeness.d)
possibility.
37. Choose the alternative which presents a verb:
a)states (line 14).
b)series (line 12).
c)exercises (line 30).
d)events (line 17).
38. The underlined expression in the sentence, "[...] eat
right and laugh a few times a day" (line 36), corresponds to
a)never.
b)rarely.
c)frequently.
d)occasionally.
39. The possessive adjective "its" (line 14) refers to
a)heart attack (line 13).
b)heart disease (line 16).
c)study (line 14).
d)people (line 15).
40. The alternative that presents an example of the superlative form is:
a)"[...] they displayed more anger and hostility [...]."
(lines 18-19).
b)"[...] its most signiicant finding [...]." (line 14-15).
c)"They generally laughed less [...]." (line 17-18).
133
7
d)"[...] either naturally or as learned behavior [...]"
(line 09).
Respostas das Atividades adicionais
Inglês
1.E
19.A
2.A
20.A
3.C
21.C
4.D
22.A
5.B
23.C
6.A
24.B
7.E
25.a)"X" representa a distância do lugar onde o aluno se
senta em relação ao professor. Para saber o "valor" de
"x" é preciso dividir o grau de nteresse do aluno por
quão sonolento ele está.
b)Quem se senta próximo a saída seria o aluno descompromissado. Quem se senta encostado à parede seria o
aluno sensível, que prefere ser ignorado pelo professor.
8.B
9.E
10.C
11.C
26.B
12.D
27.A
13.E
14. a)Os conselhos são: saiam de casa, arrumem um emprego e paguem suas próprias contas enquanto vocês
ainda sabem tudo.
b)1a- Ieitura: Eu comprei uma prancha de surfe nova para
a minha mulher. Foi o melhor negócio que eu já fiz.
2a- Ieitura: Eu troquei minha mulher por uma prancha
de surfe nova. Foi o melhor negócio que eu já fiz.
15.a)A expectativa é que o país tenha mais de meio milhão
de casos de cólera no ano seguinte da publicação em
2011. A expansão dessa doença no Haiti se explica
pelo fato de a população local não ter imunidade contra ela, já que nunca foi exposta ao cólera.
b)Porque a vacina era escassa e porque havia dificuldades Iogísticas de fazê-Ia chegar às pessoas a tempo.
28.C
29.D
30.B
31.B
32.C
33.B
34.A
35.D
36.D
37.A
16.B
38.C
17.B
39.C
18.D
40.B
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8