CHUVA “Cloud processes of tHe main precipitation systems in Brazil: A contribUtion to cloud resolVing modeling and to the GPM (GlobAl Precipitation Measurement)” by CHUVA Science Team Rachel I. Albrecht [email protected] 4th CHUVA Planning Meeting 13 December 2010 – San Francisco, CA Objectives Answer or improve the knowledge about the following basic questions and statement problems will be the foci of this project: • How to estimate rainfall from warm clouds? • What is the contribution of rain from warm clouds to the total precipitation in different regions of Brazil? • How to improve both space and time precipitation estimation of rainfall over the continent for the GPM constellation? • What are the average characteristics (3D - cloud processes) of the main regimes of precipitation in Brazil? • What is the contribution of the aerosol in the process of formation of precipitation? • What are the main surface and boundary layer processes in the formation and maintenance of clouds? • How cloud microphysics and electrification processes evolves during the cloud life cycle? • How to improve precipitation estimation and cloud microphysics description by using conventional and polarimetric radar? CHUVA Working Groups WORKING GROUP – 1 CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PRECIPITATING SYSTEMS AS FUNCTION OF THE REGION AND LIFE STAGE Responsible : Luiz Machado WORKING GROUP – 2 PRECIPITATION ESTIMATION – DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION ALGORITHM Responsible : Carlos Angelis WORKING GROUP – 3 ELETRIFICATION PROCESS: MOVING FROM CLOUDS TO THUNDERSTORMS Responsible: Carlos Morales WORKING GROUP – 4 CHARACTERISTICS OF THE BOUNDARY LAYER FOR DIFFERENT CLOUD PROCESSES AND PRECIPITATION REGIMES Responsible: Gilberto Fisch WORKING GROUP – 5 MODEL IMPROVEMENTS AND VALIDATION, WITH FOCUS IN CLOUD MICROPHYSICS AND AEROSOL INTERACTIONS, FOR SATELLITE PRECIPITATION ESTIMATES IN BRAZIL Responsible: Maria Assunção Dias NASA Precipitation Measurement Missions Science Team -26-29 October 2009 - Salt Lake City Brazilian precipitating systems and CHUVA IOPs 7 Intensive Operational Periods (IOPs): 1) Alcântara, MA (PRE-CHUVA) 2) Fortaleza, CE 3) Belém, PA 4) São Luiz do Paraitinga, SP 5) Foz do Iguaçu, PR (originally Santa Maria+Londrina) 6) Brasília, DF 7) Manaus, AM CHUVA Field Campaign Schedule CHUVA time frame: March 2010 to April 2014 JAN FEB 2010 MAR APR MAY JUN JUL BELÉM BELEM AUG SEP OCT NOV DEZ ALCANTARA 2011 CHUVA WORKSHOP#1 FORTALEZA FORTALEZA 2012 CHUVA WORKSHOP#2 2013 FOZ DO IGUAÇU 2014 MANAUS MANAUS MANAUS MANAUS SAO LUIZ SAO LUIZ PARAITINGA PARAITINGA FOZ DO IGUAÇU FOZ DO IGUAÇU FOZ DO IGUAÇU BRASÍLIA BRASÍLIA CHUVA Instrumentation Doppler X band dual polarization METEOR 50DX - Selex CS110 - Electric Field Sensor Measuring the local electric field Vertical pointing micro Doppler rain radar Keplel – 24.1 Ghz Radiometrics MP 3000 – TB from 35 channels (22-30 and 51-59 Ghz) CHUVA Instrumentation LIDAR – backscaterring coefficient. Lidar Raman System 2 channels: 532nm and 607nm Radiosondes RS92 GPS - A dual-frequency receiver - IWV CHUVA Instrumentation 3 Ott Inc. PARSIVEL Optical Laser Disdrometer. 1 Joss Waldvogel Acoustic Impact Disdrometer. (NASA) 5 Raingauge (NASA) CHUVA Instrumentation HFP01 – soil heat plates (2) for the soil heat flux measurement STP01 – soil temperature profile (5 sensors 2,5,10,20,50 cm) Soil Mositure - EnviroSCAN Probe Soil moisture profile (up to 0.5 m) continous measurements CHUVA Instrumentation Surface Weather Measurements Values of air temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, windspeed and direction, radiation measurements from towers EC150 open path gas analyser and the sonic (CSAT3) coupled for the surface momentum, energy, water vapour and CO2 fluxes Radiation components: solar (shortwave) and terrestrial (longwave) radiation upward and downward fluxes GPM CHUVA Data Center Menu “Data” site: http://gpmchuva.cptec.inpe.br/ User name: chuva Password: preChUv@01_25 GPM CHUVA Data Center: PRE-CHUVA data base Data Base GPM CHUVA Data Center: FUTURE LAYOUT Experiment ALCÂNTARA 01/03/2010 INITIAL DATE Equipment Especification Site FINAL DATE RADIOMETER ADMIRARI DELTA VILLAGE ENVIAR 31/03/2010 CHUVA IOPs with respect to total lightning (LIS) LIS climatology Flash rate over 2.25o boxes over CHUVA sites CHUVA São Luiz do Paraitinga IOP o Main Target of Study: o o o o o Warm clouds over Serra do Mar Cold fronts MCSs South Atlantic Convergence Zone (SACZ) Local Convection o Period: o From 31 October to 22 December 201 CHUVA São Luiz do Paraitinga IOP LINET configuration #1 X-POL 40 km X-POL 50 km SPLMA 100 km SPLMA 130 km SPLMA sensors SJLMA sensors LINET sensors Operational S-band radars X-Pol Mobile radar CHUVA São Luiz do Paraitinga IOP LINET configuration #2 X-POL 40 km X-POL 50 km SPLMA 100 km SPLMA 130 km SPLMA sensors SJLMA sensors LINET sensors Operational S-band radars X-Pol Mobile radar CHUVA São Luiz do Paraitinga IOP R P CHUVA Foz do Iguaçu IOP Brazil Paraguay Foz do Iguaçu Argentina o Main Target of Study: o Cold fronts o MCSs (world’s largest MCSs and highest flash rates) o Period: o From 9 November to 13 January 2012 o Additional Proposed Data: o La Plata Basin Campaign (by Dan Cecil, Steve Nesbitt, Ed Zipser) o Goal: Measure MCCs to accomplish the GPM and La Plata Basin Regional Hydroclimate Project (LPB) goals. CHUVA Foz do Iguaçu IOP o Why are La Plata Basin MCSs so important? Percentage of surface rain from 2A25 explained by MCSs over La Plata Basin (Cecil et al., 2010) o ~80% of the surface precipitation of La Plata Basin originates from MCSs (lightning should present the same feature – need to be checked though) o The precipitation features with highest flash rates are mostly observed over La Plata Basin Zipser et al. (2006) CHUVA Foz do Iguaçu IOP o Many advantages of deploying the LMA to Foz do Iguaçu: o La Plata Basin and Foz do Iguaçu are covered by MeteoSat SEVERI (GOES-R ABI proxy). o IOP starts October-November/2012 – sensors will already be in Brazil (right after São Luiz do Paraitinga IOP). o Minimum cost – INPE and SIMEPAR will make the survey, deploy and maintainance of LMA sites. o SIMEPAR will have an S-band dualpol radar operational by June/2012 at ~120 km from Foz do Iguaçu. o Useful 3D total lightning for nowcasting of severe weather under GOES-R Risk Reduction activities. CHUVA Foz do Iguaçu IOP Proposed LMA network configuration at Foz do Iguaçu SIMEPAR radar 200 km SIMEPAR radar 200 km X-POL 40 km LMA 100 km LMA 130 km LMA sensors LS8000 sensors LS7001 sensors IMPACT sensor Operational S-band radars X-Pol Mobile radar Thank You