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do Santa Maria: um sonho de liberdade
Revista UFG / Julho 2012 / Ano XIII nº 12
1
Professor adjunto da Faculdade de História
da UFG. E-mail: <[email protected]>.
205
resenhas e críticas .
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2 Sobre a trajetória política de Pepe Velo e a organização do DRIL em Caracas, consultar o minucioso estudo de
Antón CORBACHO QUINTELA (2009). Uma breve apreciação historiográfica do legado político de Henrique
Galvão e das oposições democráticas a Salazar pode ser consultada em Heloísa PAULO (2011). É muito extensa
a bibliografia sobre a trajetória de Henrique Galvão, uma rápida apreciação da mesma e muito bem feita, pode ser
conhecida em João Alves das NEVES (2009).
206
Revista UFG / Julho 2012 / Ano XIII nº 12
O SEQUESTRO DO SANTA MARIA
. resenhas e críticas
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Revista UFG / Julho 2012 / Ano XIII nº 12
207
resenhas e críticas .
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208
Revista UFG / Julho 2012 / Ano XIII nº 12
O SEQUESTRO DO SANTA MARIA
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Referências
CORBACHO QUINTELA, Antón. José Velo e o DRIL. In
CORBACHO QUINTELA, Antón. A aculturação e os galegos
do Brasil: o vazio galeguista. Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Faculdade de Filologia, Departamento de Filologia Galega.TESE DE DOUTORADO, 2009, p. 441-465. Disponível em:
<http://www.galizalivre.org/sites/default/files/noticia/2011/01/
Jos%20Velo%20e%20o%20DRIL_Antom%20Corbacho%20
Quintela.pdf>.
NEVES, João Alves das. Henrique Galvão, escritor e político.
Jornal O Estado de S. Paulo, 26 de junho de 2009, p. A2. Disponível em: <http://<www.estadao.com.br/acervo>.
PAULO, Heloísa. 1961: o assalto do Santa Maria e o desmoronar do regime salazarista em Portugal. In História Revista, volume 16, n. 01, Goiânia, Programa de Pós-graduação
em História da Universidade Federal de Goiás, Julho de 2011.
Disponível em: <http://www.revistas.ufg.br/index.php/historia/
article/view/14704/11050>.
Revista UFG / Julho 2012 / Ano XIII nº 12
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O SEQUESTRO DO SANTA MARIA -oão Alberto da - PROEC