RECURSOS GEOTÉRMICOS DE
PORTUGAL José Martins Carvalho
1º Seminário da Plataforma
Portuguesa de
Geotermia Superficial PPGS
8 Julho 2013, LIsboa
SÃO MIGUEL GEOTHERMAL PROJECT
Ribeira Grande geothermal field
Two geothermal power plants
Sete
Cidades
Ribeira Grande
geothermal field
Fogo volcanic
complex
Ribeira Grande
Ponta Delgada
Furnas
Nordeste
Povoação
SÃO MIGUEL GEOTHERMAL PROJECT
Ribeira Grande geothermal field
SÃO MIGUEL GEOTHERMAL PROJECT
Pico Vermelho Pilot Plant
SÃO MIGUEL GEOTHERMAL PROJECT
Pico Vermelho Pilot Plant
1973-1980: Surface exploration and exploratory drilling of the
Ribeira Grande geothermal field
1980-2005: Exploitation of the pilot plant
Manufacturer: Mitsubishi
Nominal capacity: 3 MW
Steam consumption: 56 t/h @ 5,1 bar.a
Operating results: 84 GWh in 136 k hours
Pico Vermelho power plant was operated for 25 years
and served as a valuable training school for the
technical staff in the operation and maintenance of the
wellfield and generation equipment.
SÃO MIGUEL GEOTHERMAL PROJECT
New Pico Vermelho Plant
SÃO MIGUEL GEOTHERMAL PROJECT
Ribeira Grande Plant
SÃO MIGUEL GEOTHERMAL PROJECT
Production results
23 MW
(Carlos Bicudo 2012)
SÃO MIGUEL GEOTHERMAL PROJECT
Production results
% of
500
S. Miguel
450
Electrical
needs
Generated power (GWh)
400
350
Fuel
300
56%
250
5%
200
150
Hydro
100
50
0
1992 1993
Geothermal
1994 1995
1996 1997 1998
1999 2000
2001 2002
2003 2004 2005
39%
2006 2007
2008 2009
Thermie Project (1994)
Abandoned green
house (operating
from 1997 till 2005)
formerly heated by the
geothermal efluent
Total installed heat capacity of the
systems was 172 kW.
Central Heat Exchanger
TERCEIRA GEOTHERMAL PROJECT
Deep drilling
TERCEIRA GEOTHERMAL PROJECT
Pico Alto geothermal field
TERCEIRA GEOTHERMAL PROJECT
Well testing
O projecto está a ser reavaliado
(prospecção detalhada e ensaios em 4
poços geotérmicos) prevendo-se, para
já, a hipótese de instalação de uma
central de 3 MW
Em 1987 a FORÇA AÉREA PORTUGUESA e a ACAVACO
decidiram estudar as sondagens de petróleo da CPP da região
de Lisboa, numa óptica geotérmica
Em 1987 a Força Aérea Portuguesa e a ACAVACO decidiram
estudar as sondagens de petróleo da CPP da região de Lisboa,
numa óptica geotérmica
BALUM–AIR FORCE HOSPITAL
GEOTHERMAL PROJECT
BALUM–AIR FORCE HOSPITAL
GEOTHERMAL PROJECT
BALUM–AIR FORCE HOSPITAL
GEOTHERMAL PROJECT
Metade das economias da
operação resultavam da produção
de água potável
…dizia-se (dizia eu) em
1990….
Termal springs in
Portugal (mainland)
Source: DGEG, www.dgeg.pt
CHAVES
•100 m depth
•>40 l/s when drilling DTH
•76ºC
Geothermal swimming pool (15 l/s-76 ºC)
EQUIPAMENTOS
GEOTÉRMICOS DE
1982
CHAVES (15 l/s-76 ºC) – Geothermal heated hotel
CHAVES (15 l/s-76 ºC) – Geothermal heated hotel
1989- A Demonstration Project financed by the EC
European Directorate for Energy (DXVII), including
two geothermal wells and a small district heating
network aborted due to political changes.
The first tranche versed by the EC was already in a
Chaves bank.
Chaves Greenhouse
Financed by JOULE
Project
Operates during a few
months ca 1990
Abandoned
Piscicultura em Monção
Abandonada por mudança politica na autarquia
Geothermal Energy Developments in Portugal
 Carlão Thermal Bath
 Portugal
(Mainland)
Carlão Greenhouse
Financed by JOULE Project
Operational from 1990 to 1993
Abandoned by the thermal spa
owner
S. Pedro do Sul Spa (former spring 9 l/s, 68ºC)
THERMIE Program S. Pedro do Sul Spa; new well, 1998, (15 l/s, 68ºC)
Former spring
Vau – Pumping test (40 l/s, 67 ºC)
S. Pedro do Sul
Geothermal Field Vau
Pumping test 40 l/s, 67ºC
Geothermal greenhouse in operation since 1981 at Vau, S. Pedro do Sul
Vau – GREENHOUSE
Caldas de Manteigas
•42ºC
•Several Feasibility studies
•High demand
•residual geothermal
utilisation
Caldas da Rainha
34º5 ºC
Para além da balneoterapia não há aproveitamento
geotérmico para outros usos directos
Excedentes superiores a 12 l/s
Caldas de Moledo
•45ºc
•Feasibility study
•Location in the Douro Valley
•No geothermal utilisation
Geothermal is good to supply
existing demand but not
suitable to induce new
users…
..avoid voluntarism when
looking for promoters
Deep Geothermal
projects
New concessions
granted in 2010 to
EGS investigations.
…is the investment
sufficient?
GSHP – Portugal, 1996
T(ºC)=0,021 x Prof(m)+17,7
In conclusion:
•High temperature geothermal resources in Portugal are limited to the volcanic
islands of the Azores, where electric power has been produced since 1980.
•Low-temperature geothermal resources are exploited for direct uses in
balneotherapy, small space heating systems and geothermal heat pumps.
•Main district heating projects are operating at Chaves in northern Portugal and
S. Pedro do Sul, in central Portugal.
•There is a single greenhouse project in S. Pedro do Sul covering 2 ha, for
raising tropical fruit (mainly pineapple).
•About 30 spas are operating in the country, but most are only open in the
summer.
•In 2010, private investors obtained concession rights for exploration of
geothermal resources for a total area of 2,655 km2, aiming for future development
of small scale EGS generation projects
•Several dozen small geothermal heat pump installations are operating
throughout the country, but this application is not yet fully recognized as a
geothermal resource by the Portuguese administration.
The data on the various geothermal utilizations are:
1.5 MWt and 12.9 TJ/yr for district heating;
1.0 MWt and 13.8 TJ/yr for greenhouse heating;and,
25.3 MWt and 358.6 TJ/yr for bathing and swimming.
No estimates are available for geothermal heat pumps, thus we
estimate 24 installations at 12 kW, a COP of 3.5 and 1,500 full load
operating hours per year, gives 0.3 MWt and 1.1 TJ/yr. This gives a
total for the country of 28.1 MWt and 386.4 TJ/yr (Cabeças et al.,
2010).
Actualmente a potência instalada em Portugal com
GSHP já é superior à correspondente aos usos
directos nos polos termais
Small is
beautifull…
boa sorte PPGS
José Martins Carvalho