CLARA: an advanced regional network
integrating Latin American NRENs (*)
IAED 2004
Campinas, Brazil
March 2004
Michael Stanton
CLARA Technical Committee
Rede Nacional de Ensino e Pesquisa do Brasil - RNP
www.rnp.br/en
[email protected]
(*) NREN = National Research and Education Network
Cyberinfrastructure:
the central role of global connectivity
From NSF report: Cyberinfrastructure for Environmental Research and Education
http://www.cyrdas.org/related.documents/reports/cyber_report_new.pdf
Cyberinfrastructure is the means;
“e-Science” is the result
Michael Stanton - IAED 2004
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Global connectivity supports science
user communities
• Scientific research increasingly dependent on access globally to
resources, collaborators, data, scientific instruments.
1. Access to scientific instruments with specific geo-location
needs:
• optical telescopes: e.g., Gemini South and SOAR, Chile;
operated by US, Brazil and other countries
2. Unique instruments: impractical or unfeasible for each
country to “afford” for its own community:
• Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN in Geneva:
thousands of collaborators around the world
3. Access to/collecting geo-specific data and getting it back for
analysis, visualisation, sharing
• Environmental data from the Amazon or Antarctica
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Global connectivity – tendencies
• Very high capacity (10s of Gbps) networks in core
countries and between them
• Increasingly regionalised networking
– European GEANT, South American CLARA, Asian
cluster efforts
– aggregate inter-continental bandwidth now
sometimes greater than continental bandwidth
– slow trend away from US as centre of the world
– many initiatives outside the US are engaging and
establishing leadership roles in connecting to the
world
– European – Asian connectivity
– European - South American connectivity
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The emerging global network
(as seen from Australia)
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Latin American connectivity
• Phase 1: satellite communication with US hub
– bandwidth limited to 2 Mbps
• Phase 2: submarine optical cables
– initial bandwidth of 34 or 45 Mbps
– no upper limit in sight
– Phase 2A:
based on US hub
• AMPATH project (2001 - )
– Phase 2B:
region-centric
• CLARA network (2004 - )
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Phase 1: Satellite connectivity (1990s)
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Phase 2: New Submarine Cables in Latin America (1999-)
to
California
and
Asia-Pacific
to
New York
and Europe
Miami
San Juan, Puerto Rico
E-mergia (TIWS)
Global Crossing & TI Sparkle
Global Crossing
ImpSat
Transandino
UniSur
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Phase 2: New cables in the Caribbean (Maya & Arcos)
North Miami
309km
474km
271km Cat Island
319km
521km
Maya
Crooked Island
Cancun
258km
165km
Providenciales
(Turks & Caicos Islands)
376km
Tulum
Arcos
Puerto Plata
325km
363km
Ladyville
291km
(festoon)
San Juan
Punta Cana
294km 241km Trujillo
Puerto
Puerto 339km
Barrios
114km Cortes
Puerto
Lempira
258km
1006km
Puerto
Cabezas
279km
372km
Bluefields
351km
270km
371km
Puerto
Limon
301km
Maria
Chiquita
242km Curacao
Willemstad
Punto Fijo
Riohacha
314km
Ustupo
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Phase 2A: US-centric connectivity (2001 - )
AmPath
• uses Global Crossing
• 45 Mbps (one size fits all)
• connections to Miami, and
thence to Abilene (US NREN)
• connects Argentina, Brazil (2),
Chile, Venezuela
• other LA countries not so
benefited
AmPath
Mexico
• cross-border connections to
US (Texas and California)
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Where do we go from here?
• AMPATH´s achievements
– Initial boost for Advanced Networking in LA
– Stimulus for advanced connectivity inside each
country
– Motivation for collaborative projects
BUT
• Why does LA communicate internally through Miami?
• Why does LA communicate with other parts of the
world through the US?
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An alternative paradigm:
regional R&E networking
• Since the early 1990s great
efforts have been invested
in pan-European
networking.
• The present pan-European
network is GÉANT (2002-)
– currently the largest
capacity operational IP
network in the world
– built and managed by
DANTE
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GÉANT connections to other regions (2004)
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The European Commission’s @LIS initiative
• Through @LIS programme the European Commission is
supporting improved connectivity to Latin America
• @LIS: Alliance for the Information Society (2003-2005)
– 62.5 Million Euros for EU-LA on Information Society
Issues
– 10 Million Euros for Interconnecting Europe & Latin
American Research and Education communities
• Will interconnect LA-NRENs (Latin American
NRENs)
• Consequences:
– CLARA organisation of LA-NRENs
– ALICE project to support the building of the CLARA
regional network in Latin America
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•
•
•
CLARA
Member
NRENs
Association of LA -NRENs open to all LA Countries
– constituted in Uruguay (like LACNIC) in Dec 2003
Created in response to @LIS initiative, but not limited to @LIS
time scale and restrictions
CLARA regional network will connect to Europe, North America
and Asia-Pacific
Argentina (RETINA)
Brasil (RNP)
Bolivia (*)
Chile (REUNA)
Colombia (*)
Costa Rica (CRNET)
Cuba (REDUNIV) (*)
Dominican Republic (*)
Ecuador (CEDIA)
El Salvador (RAICES)
Guatemala (RAGIE)
Honduras (*)
Mexico (CUDI)
Nicaragua (RENIE)
Michael Stanton - IAED 2004
Panama (REDCYT)
Paraguay (ARANDU)
Peru (RAAP)
Uruguay (RAU)
Venezuela (REACCIUN)
(*) expected future member
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Phase 2B: region-centric networking
ALICE Project –
América Latina Interconectada Con Europa (2003-2006)
• Project to build CLARA network, supported by the @LIS
programme (cost-sharing: EU 80% - LA 20%)
• Coordinated by DANTE, with participation of NRENs from
Italy, France, Spain, Portugal and the CLARA countries,
and eventually CLARA itself
• May 2004: CLARA network to commence operations
•
ALICE website:
www.dante.net/server/show/nav.009
•
ALICE brochure (in English, Spanish and Portuguese):
www.dante.net/alice/ALICEbrochure.pdf
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Expected CLARA network topology
•
•
Initially connected to Europe
Tijuana (Mexico) PoP to be
connected to Los Angeles
– access to US, Canada and
Asia - Pacific Rim
•
Initial backbone ring bandwidth
of 155 Mbps
Spur links at 10 to 45 Mbps
(Cuba at 4 Mbps by satellite)
Initial connection to Europe at
622 Mbps from Brazil
•
•
•
Expected also to support future
US funded international
scientific collaborations
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Brazilian connectivity
•
This is provided at four levels:
1. internationally (RNP, state networks of Rio and SP) – around 500
Mbps in 2003; almost 1.5 Gbps in 2004
2. nationally by RNP backbone network
3. statewide by 15 regional or state networks
4. campus by the user institution itself (around 250 institutions)
•
Current RNP activities (see also www.rnp.br)
– renewal of national backbone network connecting all states and the
Federal District (6x increase in capacity)
– the experimental high capacity GIGA network in the southeast for
R&D applications – April 2004
– future plans for 1 Gbps national links and campus access by 2005
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Brazil – RNP: expected 2004 backbone
Tocantins
Acre
Rondônia
Mato
Grosso
Mato Grosso
do Sul
Piauí
Sergipe Alagoas
Minas Gerais
Ceará
Maranhão
Rio Grande
do Norte
Pernambuco
Brasília
Paraíba
Goiás
Roraima
Bahia
São
Paulo
Rio de
Janeiro
Amapá
Amazonas
Pará
Rio Grande
do Sul
Paraná
Santa
Catarina
Espírito
Santo
Pop already
tendered
Future tender
Michael Stanton - IAED 2004
STM-4 (622 Mbps)
STM-1 (155 Mbps)
E3 (34 Mbps)
E1 (2 Mbps)
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Experimental GIGA network (R&D only):
states of São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro
Universities
IME
PUC-Rio
UERJ
UFF
UFRJ
Unicamp
UNIFESP
USP
R&D Centres
CBPF
- physics
CPqD
- telecom
CPTEC - meteorology
CTA
- aerospace
Fiocruz - health
IMPA
- mathematics
INPE
- space sciences
LNCC
- HPC
LNLS
- physics
About 600 km extension - not to scale
LNCC
CTA
INPE
CPqD
LNLS
Unicamp
CPTEC
telcos
UNIFESP
USP - Incor
USP C.Univ.
Michael Stanton - IAED 2004
UFF
CBPF
LNCC
Fiocruz
IME
IMPA-RNP
PUC-Rio
telcos
UERJ
UFRJ
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GIGA Project: initial network design
•
•
•
•
long-distance network between Campinas
and Rio de Janeiro, built using dark fibre
(unused optical fibre) + optical equipment
– up to 6 lambdas (lightpaths) per link
metro networks (MANs) in Rio, S. Paulo
and Campinas, built using dark fibre
initially 1 Gbps in each lambda
(using Gigabit Ethernet)
network operational in April 2004
São Paulo
MAN
SP
S. José dos
Campos
Campinas
São
Paulo
Rio de
Janeiro
S.J. dos
Campos
C. Paulista
Cachoeira
Paulista
Rio de
Janeiro
Campinas
Petrópolis
Niterói
MAN
CP
MAN
RJ
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Future RNP production network
• By 2005, RNP expects to move to new “facilities-based”
backbone network of at least 1 Gbps capacity, based on
GIGA project experience:
– long-distance links based on acquiring “capacity”, in the
form of lambdas (lightpaths) or dark fibre
– local access in metropolitan areas based on the use of
dark fibre and cheap Gigabit Ethernet switches
Homework >> • cooperation between local institutions is vital for the
setting up of these metro networks
Homework >> • R&E institutions will need to upgrade their internal
campus networks to Gigabit Ethernet
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Thank you!
Questions?
[email protected]
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