The Herbarium MADM - presentation
Gonçalves Silva, J.J. 1 *& Araújo, R. 1
1 – Natural History Museum of Funchal, Portugal
* corresponding author: [email protected]
Abstract
The Natural History Museum of Funchal (MMF) is a scientific and cultural institution where visitors, in a simple way, can learn more about the fauna, flora and geology of the archipelago of Madeira. The herbarium
of the Natural History Museum of Funchal was initiated by Prof. Günther Maul, in the 1950s, through the purchase of the plant collection of Reverend José Gonçalves da Costa, a local catholic priest who lived in
Madeira and Porto Santo, for many years. This herbarium consists on a collection of vascular and non-vascular plants (mostly bryophytes).
Since then, the herbarium has grown thanks to the contribution of many national and foreign collectors who, not only collected plants from all over the archipelago and left duplicates, but also some chosen the
Museum as depository of their collections.
Due to the collections importance in the context of Macaronesia, the MMF herbarium was registered in the Index Herbariorum and has adopted the herbarium Code: MADM.
At the present time, the MADM herbarium is completely computerized and its data base has more than 9000 entries (vascular plants, bryophytes, marine algae, fungi and lichens).
Resumo
O Museu de História Natural do Funchal (MMF) é uma instituição de caráter científico e cultural que visa proporcionar ao visitante, de uma forma muito simples, o conhecimento da fauna, flora e geologia do
arquipélago da Madeira. O herbário do Museu foi iniciado pelo Doutor Günther Maul, nos anos 50, através da aquisição da coleção de plantas do Padre José Gonçalves da Costa que viveu na Madeira e no Porto
Santo durante vários anos. Este herbário consiste numa grande coleção de plantas vasculares e avasculares (na sua maioria briófitos).
Desde então, o herbário do Museu tem crescido graças ao contributo de vários coletores regionais e estrangeiros que, não só colheram plantas no arquipélago, e deixaram duplicados no herbário, como fizeram
desta instituição fiel depositária das suas coleções.
Devido à grande importância destas coleções no contexto da Macaronésia, o herbário do MMF encontra-se registado no Index Herbariorum tendo adotado o acrónimo: MADM.
Atualmente, o MADM encontra-se completamente informatizado e, até à data, conta com mais de 9000 entradas (plantas vasculares, briófitos, algas marinhas, fungos e líquenes).
The Herbarium MADM
The Natural History Museum of Funchal (MMF), opened to the main public in 5th October 1933, is a scientific and cultural institution where visitors, can learn more about the fauna, flora and geology of the
archipelago of Madeira.
The scientific collection of the Natural History Museum of Funchal involves a permanent exposition (showing 78 species of fish, 247 species of birds, 14 species of land and marine mammals, 3 species of sea
turtles, 152 species of insects and other invertebrates, 19 plant species and a significant collection of rocks and minerals from the archipelago, as well as marine fossils from Porto Santo) and reference collections
that are distributed throughout the Palace of São Pedro located in Rua da Mouraria, 31 and the Marine Biology Station of Funchal. Recently the collection has expanded to more than 40.000 records, representing
more than 100.000 specimens, practically biological and geological groups of the archipelago of Madeira, and Macaronesia, in general.
The herbarium of the Natural History Museum of Funchal was initiated by Prof. Günther Maul, in the 50s, through the purchase of the plant collection of Reverend José Gonçalves da Costa, a local catholic priest
that lived in Madeira and Porto Santo Island for many years. This regional herbarium consists on a collection of vascular and non-vascular plants (mostly bryophytes). Over the last 40 years, the herbarium has
grown thanks to the contribution of many regional and foreign collectors who not only collected plants from all over the archipelago and left duplicates but also some of them chose the Museum as depository of
their collections.
Due to the collections importance, in the context of Macaronesia, the MMF herbarium was registered in the Index Herbariorum and has adopted the herbarium Code: MADM.
At the present time, the MADM herbarium is completely computerized and its data base has more than 9000 entries. In the MADM herbarium can be found the following collections:
-“Tore Levring Herbarium” - marine algae collected by this Swedish algologist, in the archipelago of Madeira, from 1965-1973;
-“José Gonçalves da Costa Herbarium” – vascular and nonvascular plant collected by this Madeiran clergyman, in Madeira and Porto Santo Island, from 1930s – 1940s;
-“Erik Sjögren Herbarium” - bryophytes collected by this Swedish botanist, from 1964-1973;
-“Junta de Lacticínios da Madeira Herbarium” – plants collected in 1954, in Madeira, by José Vicente Cordeiro Malato-Beliz;
-“Charles John Crosthwait Cossart fern collection” – ferns collected in 1850 by this English wine-merchant and his wife;
-Lichen collection;
- Fungi collection;
Families of Pteridophytes represented in the Herbarium MADM:
Families of Seed plants represented in the Herbarium MADM:
ADIANTACEAE
ASPLENIACEAE
BLECHNACEAE
DAVALLIACEAE
DENNSTAEDTIACEAE
DICKSONIACEAE
DRYOPTERIDACEAE
EPHEDRACEAE
EQUISETACEAE
HYMENOPHYLLACEAE
ACANTHACEAE
ACTINIDIACEAE
AGAVACEAE
AIZOACEAE
ALANGIACEAE
ALISMATACEAE
AMARANTHACEAE
AMARYLLIDACEAE
ANACARDIACEAE
ANONACEAE
APIACEAE
APOCYNACEAE
AQUIFOLIACEAE
ARACEAE
ARALIACEAE
ARAUCARIACEAE
ARISTOLOCHIACEAE
ASCLEPIADACEAE
ASTERACEAE
LOMARIOPSIDACEAE
LYCOPODIACEAE
OPHIOGLOSSACEAE
OSMUNDACEAE
POLYPODIACEAE
PTERIDACEAE
SELAGINELLACEAE
THELYPTERIDACEAE
WOODSIACEAE
Conclusion
According to Jardim & Sequeira (2008) and the plant inventory
carried out in 2011, we have concluded that the Herbarium
MADM contains 93% of the taxa (species and subspecies) of
vascular plants recorded for the Island of Madeira, 53% of the
taxa recorded for Porto Santo, 73% of the ones recorded for
Desertas and 54% of those recorded for Selvagens.
Bibliography
Jardim, R. & Sequeira, M. M.:
2008. As plantas vasculares (Pteridophyta e Spermatophyta) dos
arquipélagos da Madeira e das Selvagens. In: Borges, P. A. V.,
Abreu, C., Aguiar, A. M. F., Carvalho, P., Jardim, R., Melo, I., Oliveira,
P., Sérgio, C., Serrano, A. R. M. & Vieira, P. (eds.). Listagem dos
fungos flora e fauna terrestre dos arquipélagos da Madeira e
Selvagens. pp. 157-208, Direcção Regional do Ambiente da
Madeira e Universidade dos Açores, Funchal e Angra do Heroísmo.
POTAMOGETONACEAE
PRIMULACEAE
PROTEACEAE
PUNICACEAE
RANUNCULACEAE
RESEDACEAE
RHAMNACEAE
ROSACEAE
BALSAMINACEAE
BASELLACEAE
BERBERIDACEAE
BIGNONIACEAE
BORAGINACEAE
BRASSICACEAE
BROMELIACEAE
CALCEOLARIACEAE
CALLITRICHACEAE
CALYCANTHACEAE
CAMPANULACEAE
CANNACEAE
CAPPARIDACEAE
CAPRIFOLIACEAE
CARYOPHYLLACEAE
CASUARINACEAE
CELASTRACEAE
CEPHALOTAXACEAE
CHENOPODIACEAE
CISTACEAE
CLETHRACEAE
COMBRETACEAE
COMMELINACEAE
CONVOLVULACEAE
CORYLACEAE
CRASSULACEAE
CUPRESSACEAE
CYPERACEAE
DIOSCOREACEAE
DIPSACACEAE
ELAEAGNACEAE
ERICACEAE
EUPHORBIACEAE
FABACEAE
FAGACEAE
FRANKENIACEAE
FUMARIACEAE
GENTIANACEAE
RUBIACEAE
RUPPIACEAE
RUTACEAE
SALICACEAE
SAPINDACEAE
SAPOTACEAE
SAXIFRAGACEAE
SCROPHULARIACEAE
SOLANACEAE
TAMARICACEAE
TAXACEAE
TAXODIACEAE
THEACEAE
THYMELACEAE
TILACEAE
TROPAEOLACEAE
GERANIACEAE
GLOBULARIACEAE
HYDRANGEACEAE
HYPERICACEAE
IRIDACEAE
JUNCACEAE
LAMIACEAE
LAURACEAE
LEMNACEAE
LILIACEAE
LINACEAE
LYTHRACEAE
MAGNOLIACEAE
MALVACEAE
MELASTOMATACEAE
MORACEAE
MUSACEAE
MYOPORACEAE
MYRICACEAE
ULMACEAE
URTICACEAE
VALERIANACEAE
VERBENACEAE
VIOLACEAE
VITACEAE
ZINGIBERACEAE
ZYGOPHYLLACEAE
MYRSINACEAE
MYRTACEAE
OLEACEAE
ONAGRACEAE
ORCHIDACEAE
OROBANCHACEAE
OXALIDACEAE
PAPAVERACEAE
PASSIFLORACEAE
PHYTOLACCACEAE
PINACEAE
PITTOSPORACEAE
PLANTAGINACEAE
PLUMBAGINACEAE
POACEAE
PODOCARPACEAE
POLYGONACEAE
PONTEDERIACEAE
PORTULACACEAE
MYRSINACEAE
MYRTACEAE
OLEACEAE
ONAGRACEAE
ORCHIDACEAE
OROBANCHACEAE
OXALIDACEAE
PAPAVERACEAE
PASSIFLORACEAE
PHYTOLACCACEAE
PINACEAE
PITTOSPORACEAE
PLANTAGINACEAE
PLUMBAGINACEAE
POACEAE
PODOCARPACEAE
POLYGONACEAE
PONTEDERIACEAE
PORTULACACEAE