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".,")'"!" /#$ E " $# ,# )3#E )"'(#2 % $ ), " ! / $!+ , # f $ 3#$ #.- ) #$%N) ,# 3 )". ! -9 +9 4 ."'(# ! ! /$#! % : &% ># &C !# /"$" # ! " T " "Q! * ) $#%I) # @ /"$"!" # /"$" ) ! /$#, . #f # @ " % ) ")"4 # 30$ ,# C4 F - !# "# C )! " F )"'(# ! ,)#.#% " ! ") 7 HMM:A4 ),. " " ! /# ! $ # % 8( % 8A 87:A4 $ 1"$ P $ ! '(# # )# /$#, /#! # &C !# )+$ ,# # 3 $"7 8 1 3# #E + ,#7 ,* -" 6, !"7 ! %$"!"'(# !" - # 3 $" @*#$" " ! " A7 "$ # ", #)6$ " ") # /$#, ) $#%I) # " " $ ". /"$ , ."!# 3 )# @ # $ "!# # f #! 3 ,"'F A # ! /$#! F # ! &C !# ! ,#) $ ,#) $#. ) # !" # A )# )# 7 # P $" " /$ ), /" @ ! 3#) C " 0 - !" $ ." -" /$# . " .#,". . !"! I ) /", # , $ # )" $ % #)". @ 1# ,B7 HMMKA4 11 1 3# #E + ,# 0 ,"$", $ 1"!# / ." $ ! 1 !" )# #.*# /$# . ! " ! ) , $ #$"'(# ! /"$" " 6$ " !# 3#$ "'(# * !$#,"$ #) # /"$ , ."$ " $ " 4 g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c ")7 HMLMA4 ,") # (#7 ) $#%I) # !# "$ ! /#. /#. % .. $ E " $# 3#$ "'(# ! # , "!# 4 < $ &% g# 3#$ "!# ) $#%I) # /$ ), /". %" # # ) % ) 8 h h h 8 8A !# "$ ! ,# /$#, " @ # 0! ". " / $" #C %I) # $" " $"-0 !" $ "'(# " > ,# @ A7 " # )$ # /$#- ) ) (#4 ,$ # / .# ,") # ! b .!#- ,*7 # E ". " $")% $ "'F 2 → h RH W H7GO C H9HJ C/@ GH:7M[L7GHJ C H9 G A @HA → h R8 W O7J9 C H9M4 @8A → h 4 C/@ 8O7G[L7GHJ C H9 G A RG W G78L C H9HG @GA #)! RH W ,#) ") !" - .#, !"! !" $ "'(# @HA Z, G #. H H = H\ R8 W ,#) ") !" - .#, !"! !" $ "'(# @8A Z, G #. H H = H\ RG W ,#) ") !" - .#, !"! !" $ "'(# @GA Z, G #. H H = H\ 13 )# 0$ ,# 0 "!# /#$ E # ". " ! - !# D3#$ 0 $6/ !" # ) " $ "'(# @HA $ /." . %"'(# )" ". " "C"7 " $ "'(# @HA 0" / $" "/" . ") $" ) $% " ! #.0, ." ! 84 @eHJ99Y A4 " -"'(# 7 " $ "'(# @HA - !# " !" 3#$ "'(# ! 0$ " / E )" ,# @<"$)" 1 7 HMMMA4 )!# E # 6# # ! ) $#%I) # E .+$ #7 " "C" ! 3#$ "'(# ! (# ! )! ," E / $" . 1"'(# ! + - .7 " #,#$$ C #," #)" "! !B + - .7 ,# + - 97: E C, " ) , # ! ) '(# !" 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" ") # ! ") . )" @ .. $ T V#c ")7 HMLMA4 $ "'F %.# " G (# #C !"!# " @ .. T 7 # E ". 0$ ! 1 !# " 87 ! ",#$!# ,# " ## 7 8999A2 15 [ h G h 8 [ → G → 8 h 444 @JA h 444 @:A C ) (# !" ,#)- $ (# !# ) $#%I) # !# ,# 3#$ ) ! / )! ) E # @ $ "A !" ,#)! 'F .#," !# )+ - . ) , ". ! + - . /"$" !" ,# (# @ ) $#%I) # )" 0 / $" $" $" "$ ,# + - . .. $ T V#c ")7 HMLMA4 &B % "C" /#! ! 3#$ "'(# ! C, ! $ " "C" ,#7 "$ ,") # 0$ / , ". ,") # 3# ,*" "!# ! 3# ,#)3 $ "!" )" ,# + !" ) ,#)! 'F /$&C ,# + - D #C !"'(# ! $ " ! " -# /#$ $ %F (# ! " ) $ ," ! ,# #$ 7 ! ! E 3& " $"-0 !# 8 + - 4 " 3#$ "'(# ! D 1#)" !" ,*" " @ .. $ T V#c ")7 HMLMA4 " -# 0 3#$ "!# / ." $ "'(# !# ) $#%I) # " $"! ," ! /$ ), /" ,") * !$#,"$ #) # $"! ," 8 h 8 → 8 h → h "!# E 3#$ "!#4 " - 1 3#$ "!#7 $ ." -" ,") ,# # (# + - .4 87 /"$" # ) → 444 → )!# E # @OA → 444 → % @KA "/$#C # "!" # ," " ! -#." . 1"'(# !# ,"$-(# @ ) $% " ! ") )# 6 )-#.- !# 3#$ "!# ! $") . ,#) $ !" ,*" " $ ," # ,#) ! $"2 h g E $ %F # 30$ ,# ,# .. T " -"'(# !" $ "'(# @OA 0 0$ " C" @ ,#4 7 # ) M9^ !# )*# ! $ "'(# !# ## 7 8999A4 # )#$ !# E " -# 0 3#$ "!# #$)# ! K99Y A @<"$)" 1 " -# " $ "'(# / $" $" 7 HMMMA4 16 B + " 3#$ "'(# ! -" )" $ "'(# @HA !# /$ )'" ! " 8 ,") $, $" 7 # 6# # ! # ! " "," b .!#- ,* @ #.0, ." 7#$ # 0$ 8 #. , ."$ ,# # ,#A4 ) $ ") #7 )" . "!# !" $ "'(# 0 @<"$)" 1 8 7 HMMMA2 8 h /#! $ "% $ ,# 8 ,# # ,#) h /# $ ". " /$ ,# 0$ ,#4 F / $" 0$ → $" ,#4 #!" h # $" 0# " C" ) $% " ! (# /$0 2 @MA ! " -#7 ) $ " 3#$ "'(# ! " C" / $" 3#$ "!# - " 8 " -"'(#4 . -" " $# " E $"!" /# $ $ )" $ " " #,#$$ #!#7 " 8 7 $" $ ! 1 " $ "'(# ") # E ") # /"$" $ "'F " , $, ) N), " ,# /"$" 3#$ "$ E )(# / )". 1" @LA + - . /#! EUI), "7 " 3#$ "'(# ! 3#$ "'(# ! h 8 6# # ! 8 #)! 'F → h " C" !# " #$ 3#) ! " %6 @<"$)" 1 7 HMMMA4 B & ( $% 6., .# 8 % $ )" ,*" " /#! #,#$$ $ / ." % ) / $" 8 8 8 h h 8 h h " $ %F (# , )0 ,# $%)*% ! ".*"!# h 8 % $ )*% ! " C" ),#) $"!" E $" h + E " 3#$ "'(# ! $ '(# ! $ "'F 2 @H9A @HHA @H8A 8 / $" /#! $" !" ,*" " ,#), ) $"'F $ "% $ ,# $") /#$ "!# /#$ ! 3 # %) 3 ,") 3#$ "!# )" $ % F (# /"$" $ % F ! " C" / $" ! ! ". " $"4 17 $ "'F !# ! $ #'(# ! $"! ," 7 8 (# $6/ !" 7 $6 $"/ !" 8 ) )" /$ )'" ! ". " ,#), ) $"'F ,#)- $ !# ! -#. " /"$" @ .. $ T V#c ")7 HMLMA4 -9 - %( %" ! $ $ E ". ,") # ! #4 $# (#2 #! 3 ,"'F -9 -9 ' ! )# /$#, % /& )6 2 ) "$ # ) ! )!# $ ! 'F ! 0# " )# ". $)" -" ,# /# ! % ) " 0 H:^ )" )3. ,# ), " + - . ! /"$" . 1"!# C" (#4 1"'(# !" #$ ! F ) $#%I) #f ) # /& ,# (#4 *% )-#.- " #/ $"'(# ,# " ,# . 1" /#$ ") $# E " C# $" " %$! ") )!# ) ,# (#f # " ) # !# %" /"$" + - P ," #7 )#$ ". $ ".,")'"!" " $"-0 !" )# $" " ! + - .7 /#! $"-0 !# /"$N $ 3 # ! ,# " C# /# 899HA4 /#! (%1 %& ' " (#4 . 1"'(# ! &%(. 3#$ "'(# ! ,# /$ ), /" %( C 0#!# ,#) #!#7 " C ! # ! #7 ". $"'F # )# /$#, ! F ,") )"!# /$#, $ # ) '(# !" - $ 3 ,"'(# ! ! 6 # C, # (# ,# /. " @ ")% . ! : " L^ ! F ! " ! C @ " 7 C, # ! "$7 $ T , #c")7 HMMOA4 )2 ) #$ ". ,# ) ! $ 1 P 0# (# !# + - .f F /#! ' % )!# C ! /$ %# ! 6% # 2 /$ 6% # /$ %" 89^ /"$" &. # ,# / $"!" @ " $# 6% # ! ,# 6% # C, . 1" ,#)! 'F # ! + - .7 ! "$4 (#4 $ ," ) 'F :9^ /"$" # %6 )" )" $". $ T , #c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hJ G 8 6/$ /$#! '(# ! /$#, )#$ ". 8 G ) # :4 8 h h8 0 ". " ". "A 3 0 # # /$#, hO 8 # ,# G2 @HGA 8 8 →G 8 hO 8 @HJA G →8 8 hG 8 @H:A $ $" @HOA G ) )! S 6- .7 /# # ," ". "!#$ @ /"$ # $ ,# 3$ " /#$ C7 " !" ,# < G !# $ " #$ ," ".+,#4 $, " ! !# ,# /#) ) @ # ) 1# ." $" !# ," ". "!#$ )(# 0 / $3+ , *# #%I) " )E ") # E /$#-#," " ! /# '(# ! / $" ," ". "!#$ $" "!# ,# # " -" /"$" $ ! '(# ! E + ,# →J 8 → 8 0 #/ $"!# ) G 8 hj " >) # # $ 3, ) h ! $") ) 2 8 .3" # ! G hJ h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q = K’·p )$B )!. ,* ")% $ # $ " ! "! #$'(#4 "% (3.2) q = K F ⋅ P1 n (3.3) qm ⋅ b ⋅ P 1+ b ⋅ P (3.4) q= % $".7 /"$" "! #$'(# 3+ ," 3, ) ) " C" 7 " " # $ " " C" ,#), ) $"'(# 0 " ,#) ") ,#) ") E .+$ # " E "'(# ! -")X K ' = K 0' e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−∆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tst = ∞ 1− 0 "$" ,"., ."$ " E ") !"! ".")'# ! ! 3 $ )'" #. " )$ )" 3" "7 )# E ". # )Q # )Q $# ! #. C1 C0 % ) dt 6C $# ! #" E "'(# @ #"$ 7 899GA2 @G4OA " "! #$- !" 0 ) , #. $ %" # " ! ) $# !" ,#. )" @ #"$ 6$ # 3"1 $ "! #$- !# )# &. !# 0 % ". D !# )" ,#. )" # )Q $# ! 7 899GA2 26 q ⋅ V ⋅ (1 − ε ) = Q ⋅ C 0 ⋅ t st − ε ⋅ C 0 ⋅ V q= G )!# E @ #.a Q ⋅ C 0 ⋅ t st ε ⋅ C 0 − V ⋅ (1 − ε ) (1 − ε ) @G4LA A " E ") !"! ! #$- ) 6C a ) HA " -"1(# ! ) $# !# . "! #$- ) f @ @ #.a HA " ,#), ) $"'(# ) , ". )" ". 9 0 " /#$# !"! @G4KA !# . # @ ( # " "! #$- !" )# . # )" / $" ) "'(#f @, )A 0 # /# # ! $" ! #/ $"'(#f G A # -#. !# . E # 0$ ,# /$ - " #f ) ,"., ."!#4 ) 2( 1 "$" 5 #! ."$ # !"!# 3. C# ) ".")'# ! " ,# /#$ " . C/ $ # 3 C# E )" "/$ " )" ,#. )"7 " " !" , $-" ! $ / ) " ! / $ (# "C ".4 E "'F ) # ! )N ,# ),#) $"!# ".")'# ! % 8 ! 3 $ ), " C/ $ " /"$" ) ". #! .# @ $"7 ,#) ! $" ",#$!# ,# /#! ) $ /$ @ #"$ ) "$ # 7 899GA4 *- )7 HMLJA2 _ ∂C (1 − ε ) ∂ q 1 ∂ 2 C ∂C + ρ Ad ⋅ ⋅ = ⋅ − ∂θ ε ∂θ Pe ∂x 2 ∂x #)! 2 Pe = )!# v⋅L f Dax θ= t τ f x= z f LC " ,#), ) $"'(# )" 3" ! ) !"! !# . # "! #$- ) 7 τ= L f v 3. !"7 @G4MA v= # " /#$# !"! u ε /# "! !# . ) #)".7 ! " #7 C " ,##$! )"!" "C ". _ "! ) #)".7 # )Q $# ! ,. q " E ") !"! "! #$- !" 0! " )# "! #$- ) 4 #) ! $")!# E /# ".")'# ! ,#) $#. " !3 " $") 3 $I), " ! -# )# " /#$# 7 0 ) , " /"$" # ) $ #$ !" /"$ + , ." 6$ # $ ". 1"$ " 0 " )" /"$ + , ." "! #$- ) 2 27 εp #)! ∂C p + ∂t ∂C p ∂q 1 ∂ = D pe ⋅ 2 ⋅ rp 2 ∂t ∂rp rp ∂rp 0 " ,#), ) $"'(# )" 3" / @G4H9A 3. !" ! ) $# !" /"$ + , ." 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E % $".7 ! )% ,") # 3#$ "!# 4 ", @88A @ ,") $ C/ $ ) " ,#)S) # ! $ "'F ),#$/#$"!# ) * .c##!4 /+ $ ," ! #$! /"$" " # # E "'(# $# 0 "S "$ # " /. /# C/$ (# ! + - .@ 7 HMMLA4 ",#$!# ,# ) * .c##! 3# ! 89"A 5 #) $ +# ! /.#7 E ")!# / )"!" = 0" ,#) ") / .# ! ) (# !" . #! .# ! k ⋅ K NO ⋅ pNO 1 + K NO ⋅ p NO #$'(# ! $ #, " -" @$ "'(# /$#/#$, #)". D ,#), ) $"'(# ! 7 (# ! ) "'(# 0 $" #$! ")% !" /# I), "4 ")% @G48OA E .+$ # !" "! #$'(# ! )" ". !" /# I), " ! /$ C/$ C/$ "!" )" E ")% 0 " C#2 " ,#), ) $"'(# ! D. " )!# . ) "$ rNO = #)! @HMMMA " $ )" / $3+ , 4 # " C"7 " E "'(# ", ")!# " $ ! 1 4 $ ) * .c##! 3# ". %"!" ,# # ) $ ") #7 # "S ) * .c##! )(# 0 !# " !"!# / $ #$ D C/ $ )" - !I), " ! $ " !# 51 ,") "$ # /$#/# #4 $6$ " E "'(# $ . ") )-#.- 7 " ) - 6- . ! / $ (# ) $+ ) %$")! $$# )" ,#) ") ) $% " ! " -"'(#7 # # )-0 !" C/$ /$ 3 $ !# . ! (# ! ")% "$ " C/$ !" /# I), "7 " ,#), ) $"'(# ! ,"$ #)# " $ / E "'(# ,# /. 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H4999Y " $3" " -"!# "/$ ) $ ") #7 /"$" # ,"$-F /"$ " $"1(# " ) '(# !" "$" # ,# / $&. 89 ,"$ #)# # 7 " 4 # " #$ ! H97 ! # ,#) Q!# ! , $," ! # ! "4 , )1" 4 E 0 C/. ,"!# / .# ,"$6 $ )(# -#.6 . !# # )# ! 3# ! -#." . 1"!#7 $3" / $&. )#$ E # /$#, $3" ! EUI), " *6 , )1" )$ " 3# " $" 7 E #!# #$ ! )# L99A7 !" ")7 HML9A4 $" ! # $" # ,"$-F " $ ". ,"$ #)# #4 " L99Y " H7HG^ @ ,# ." :4H ! ! ,# /# '(#7 ,# # ! &C !# , )1" ,* " ,#$$ ."'(# ! $ " / $&. " @ # ! ) # !" )" #$ ! ) # )# ! - !# "# ,#) *6 ! $# f ,# # ,#) )#$%N) ,# #,#$$ ! " / $&. $"'(# ! %" # " # ! ,"$ #)# 3 C# ! ,"$ #)# " )" ) " ,"$6 $ 6, !#7 )E ") # # ,#E ,"$6 $ $ ) "!# O99 "/$ ) @ G8A7 " )"!# 4 #$ )"" ,"$-(# " -"!# / $ # / .# " E ") !"! # ! V# * 7 #$ ! / .# %$ /# " -"'(#7 /$ ), /". ) " " E ") !"! "/$ )# G8 " ) ! )#$ 68 E ") !"! %$ /# ! %$ /# 3 )&. ,# 7 ".0 ,"$ #C+ . ,# 4 %$")! 1" !# E ") !"! !"!# ! !# ),#) $"!# #7 ,"$-(# " -"!# )(# /# %$ /# )" . / $3 , " $" $" @ " 0 !" #$! ." 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"! #$'(# ) !" #/#$# % )!# " ,." A @=") R#7 HMMJA7 " )" 87 E E 89 G87 7 )! ,")!# " /$ " 3#$ " !" * $ )'" 7 # /# 3 )!"4 *R - ,* @ ! A 3#$" " C" /$ (# # (# !" %$63 ,# (# # %$63 ,# /"$" # ,"$-F ,#) $ + !# # $ "! /"$" # ,#E 7 " -"!# 4 -2.30 -2.80 Log Mads TP600 TP700 TP800 -3.30 -3.80 2 4 6 8 10 12 2 log (P0/P) 39 -= %$63 ,# !# ,#E O997 K99 L994 70 -2.30 Log Mads -2.40 TA10 TA20 -2.50 TA32 -2.60 -2.70 2 6 10 14 18 2 log (P0/P) 39 0= %$63 ,# , $-" E " "/$ #!" " "! #$'(# "/$ !# ,"$-F ) "!" " )" )" ,# /#$ " "! #$'(# H97 % $" :4G /# C ) (#4 ,$#/#$# 4 " -"!# ,# /#$ " , $-" 8 ) # . ) "$ @ !# 89 G84 ,# /#$ " ) # . ) "$ ) # . ) "$ 0 ,"$", $+ ," ! ,"$-F " -"!# @ % $" :4JA e 97MMA7 ,"$", $ 1")!# ) !" ) " ,$#/#$# 4 ! $ '(# !# #$-" * ="c"1# @ =A !# ,#E " -"!# 0"/$ 0 ) "!" )" ,$#/#$# # $"!" )" % )!# # % $" :4:7 0#!# ! )E ") # E % $" :4O4 0.05 TP800 dV/ddp (cm3/g.Angstron) !# ,"$-F " ")*# !# TP700 0.04 TP600 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.00 0 4 8 12 16 20 Tamanho do poro (Angstrons) 39 3= ! $ ,#E '(# !# " ")*# !# O997 K99 ,$#/#$# !# L994 71 0.05 dV/ddp (cm3/g.Angstron) TA10 TA20 0.04 TA32 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.00 0 4 8 12 16 20 Tamanho do poro (Angstrons) 39 4= ! $ '(# !# " ")*# !# " -"!# $"-0 !" E ") !"! L 4 # " ,$#/#$# 7 ,# )" J L ,$#/#$# /# ! #C !"'(# !# ,"$ #)#4 " #$ E / $ # !N )!# " " " /#$# " !# # !# /#$ "!3 ." ! )# )$ O99 "/$ O L !# ,$#/#$# )" " " ")*# !# (# )# ,#E )" K99 " 0 % $" :4Of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`$ " 'K +K -+ 87HH 87GK 87J9 87:9 8:G7O G9G7H G897: J:97: :LG7L O:M7J 979HO 979KM 979M9 97HJK 9789H 978GK 97G9M J H97LM HG7G8 H87J8 HG7L: H87L HH7H: HH7GM : J7KK G7M9 J7HM G7K: J79O J7OO 878L / $3 , ". V "$N $# 9 $ G A0 0 " -"!# 4 % '(# ( G87JH :H7GM ::7MJ K:7M8 OO7M: JK79G OL7G8 " ")*# !# ( ::7M: J97M9 GL79H HL7G9 8K7KO JG7:8 8M7K8 ( HH7OJ K7KH O79: :7KL :78M M7J: H7MO /#$# 7 ^ H - 1 : f8 B 1- f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fJ C ",#$!# ,# :4H7 - $ 3 ," !# 8 ) ")!# /$#, ! #! ) ) @ " G8A4 $ ."'(# " " #$ 3$"'(# L994 73 /$#, # ! /$#/#$, #)# %$")! " . % $# " " L99 /#$ H8 % $" :4K )7 $ ) # @eO9^A )# -#. ) # @, $," ! :^A )" 6$ " ,#)- $ (# ! $") /$#, " -"'(# !# # $" ! %" ,$#/#$# H97 "/ )" / $3 , ".4 " -"$ "'(# !" 6$ " " $ "'(# ! . ")!# )# / $3 , ". ,# 3 ,"'(# ,# -"/#$ ! # %$" 6% "7 E ! 0# # ! " -"'(#4 Área Superficial (m2/g) 700 600 500 400 300 200 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 Grau de conversão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°C Exp 1.0 25°C Modelo C/C0 0.8 45°C Exp 45°C Modelo 0.6 65°C Exp 0.4 65°C Modelo 0.2 85°C Modelo 85°C Exp 0.0 0 2 4 6 8 10 Tempo (min) 39 7= , $-" ! $ / $" ! )# ,#E O99 @ W 97MLK " C/C0 1.0 A4 25°C Exp 0.8 25°C Modelo 0.6 45°C Modelo 45°C Exp 65°C Exp 0.4 65°C Modelo 85°C Exp 0.2 85°C Modelo 0.0 0 2 4 6 8 10 Tempo (min) 39 L= , $-" ! $ / $" ! )# ,#E K99 @ W 97MLK " A4 76 C/C0 1.0 25°C Exp 0.8 25°C Modelo 0.6 45°C Modelo 45°C Exp 65°C Exp 0.4 65°C Modelo 85°C Exp 0.2 85°C Modelo 0.0 0 2 4 6 8 10 Tempo (min) 39 'K= , $-" ! $ / $" ! )# ,#E L99 @ W 97MLK " C/C0 1.0 A4 25°C Exp 0.8 25°C Modelo 0.6 45°C Modelo 45°C Exp 65°C Exp 0.4 65°C Modelo 85°C Exp 0.2 85°C Modelo 0.0 0 2 4 6 8 10 Tempo (min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