Modal Verbs
can, could, will, would, may,
might, should...
VERBOS MODAIS INDICAM
POSSIBILIDADE, HABILIDADE,
CONSELHOS, OBRIGAÇÃO,
NECESSIDADE, CERTEZA E
DEDUÇÃO.
SEMPRE SÃO SEGUIDOS DE UM
VERBO NA FORMA BASE (I)
TRADUÇÃO
CAN – COULD “PODER, SABER, CONSEGUIR”
MAY – MIGHT “PODER” – POSSIBILIDADE OU
PERMISSÃO
SHOULD (OUGHT TO) – “DEVER”
MUST – ‘DEVER” – OBRIGAÇÃO
usos
• Should = ought to (CONSELHOS)
• Must = have to (OBRIGAÇÃO)
• Can = be* able to (HABILIDADE)
• May = be* allowed to (POSSIBLIDADE)
can- could
• Uso: possibilidade ou habilidade = (be* able to)
I can drive a car. I have my license. (possibility)
X
I can drive. I drive every day. (ability)
• I could drive a car when I was 9. (past)
Could (can, may, might) permission
X requests (will, would)
- Could (may, can) I open the door?
(permission)
- Could (can) you open the door?* (request)
*Will and would are also possible.
may - might
Usos: indicar probabilidade ou possibilidade
Paul may come tomorrow (prob. maior)
Paul might come tomorrow (prob. menor)
Must (have to, have got to)
Usos: obrigação, dever.
You must study hard to suceed.
I must stop smoking = I HAVE TO STOP...
Dedução – must be
You must be tired after all the classes.
Should (ought to)
• Leve obrigação, conselhos.
You should stop drinking.
It’s late. We ought to go home.
will – would
I will go back to the USA next year. (futuro)
I would visit my gramma every day when I
was a boy. (hábito passado = used to)
Modal Perfect (ações passadas)
Modal Perfect = Modal + have + III
I could have studied yesterday.
Modal + present perfect
I SHOULD HAVE BOUGHT THAT BOOK
I COULD HAVE STAYED UNTILL THE END
extras
You should have read the contract.
X
You should read the contract now
(conselho)
I needn’t have to read because I know it.
=
I don’t have to read...
(ausência obrigação, “não precisa”)
•
•
•
•
•
•
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•
•
1. (UFRGS) The form
would have starved
indicates a:
A) habit long acquired.
B) condition in the future.
C) permission granted.
D) possibility in the past.
E) obligation in the present.
• 3. (UFRGS) The form
• should have reached
• indicates the same as
•
•
•
•
•
A) must have reached.
B) was expected to reach.
C) will have reached.
D) can have reached.
E) was going to reach.
• 10. (PUCRS) Answer the questions 1 to 6
by identifying the sentences whose modal
verb indicates:
• A) strong obligation
B) mild obligation
C) past obligation D) future possibility
• 1) ( ) I may do this exercise again.
• 2) ( ) I had to do this exercise again.
• 3) ( ) I must do this exercise again.
• 4) ( ) I could do this exercise again.
• 5) ( ) I should do this exercise again.
• 6) ( ) I have to do this exercise again.
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•
•
•
•
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The correct alternative it would be:
A) d – c – a – d – b – a
B) d – d – a – c – b – a
C) a – b – c – d – d – b
D) c – a – b – c – d – d
E) b – d – d – c – a – a
• MODAIS
• 1. D
• 3. B
• 10 .A