BOLETIM TÉCNICO
INTEGRAÇÃO
SOJA-BOVINOS DE CORTE
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Grupo de Pesquisa em
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I61 Integração soja-bovinos de corte no Sul do Brasil / Paulo César
G892 GRUPO
DECarvalho
INTEGRAÇÃO
LAVOURA-PECUÁRIA
UFRGS
de Faccio
... [et al.].
Porto Alegre, 2011.
Integração soja-bovinos de corte no Sul do Brasil / Grupo de
60 p.; il. Lavoura-Pecuária UFRGS. Porto Alegre, 2011.
Integração
ISBN:
60 p.978-85-912894-0-0
1.Sistema de integração lavoura-pecuária 2.Soja 3.Bovino
de corte
4.Pastagem
5.Solo 6.Brasil,
Região Sul2.Soja
I. Carvalho,
1.Sistema
de integração
lavoura-pecuária
3.Bovino de
Paulo
de Faccio.
corteCésar
4.Pastagem
5.Solo 6.Brasil, Região Sul I.Título
CDD: 630
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UHTXHULPHQWRVGRSODQWLRGLUHWRHGDODYRXUDGHVRMDPDVWDPEpPUHPXQHUDURVLVWHPDFRPSURGXomR
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DTXHOHVDQLPDLVTXHHVWmRVREDOWXUDVGHPDQHMRGHFPFKHJDPDFDPLQKDUTXDVHRGREURQDEXVFD
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SRUPDLVWHPSR(QWUHDVDOWXUDVGHPDQHMRGHHGHFPSDUDFDGDFHQWtPHWURDPHQRVQDDOWXUDGR
SDVWRDXPHQWDVHRWHPSRGHSDVWHMRGRVDQLPDLVHPPLQXWRV2UHVXOWDGRpTXHHPSDVWRVEDL[RV
FRPWD[DVGHORWDomRDOWDVSDUDPDQWHUHPRSDVWRDFPWHPVHPDLVDQLPDLVSRUXQLGDGHGHiUHD
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HP TXDQWLGDGH H HVWUXWXUD 2 Q~PHUR GLiULR GH ERFDGRV FKHJD D DSUR[LPDGDPHQWH PLO HQTXDQWR
RV DQLPDLV QD DOWXUD GH PDQHMR GH FP GHVIHUHP PHQRV GH PLO ERFDGRV SRU GLD 2V UHVXOWDGRV
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GHVLVWHPDVGH,/3pLPSRUWDQWHIULVDUTXHQDPpGLDGHDQRVHVVHVUHVXOWDGRVPDLVXPDYH]SRXFR
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TXHpERPHFRQRPLFDPHQWHSRUpPDSURGXomRLQGLYLGXDOGRVDQLPDLVpUHGX]LGDHPDOWXUDVGHPDQHMR
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TXDOLGDGHGRVROR
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FRPSRQHQWHVLQGLYLGXDLV
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TXHDQLPDLVWHUPLQDGRVHQWUHRVPHVHVVmRPDLVH¿FLHQWHVQRDSURYHLWDPHQWRGRSDVWRGRTXH
DTXHOHVWHUPLQDGRVFRPPHVHVRTXHUHGX]RFXVWRSRUXQLGDGHGHSURGXWRHRIHUHFHXPSURGXWR
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DFDEDPHQWRGHDSUR[LPDGDPHQWHPPGHJRUGXUDHPXPDHVFDODHPJUDXVGHDRQGHJUDX DPPJUDX DPPJUDX DPPJUDX DPPHJUDX DFLPDGHPPGHJRUGXUD
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DSUR[LPDGDPHQWHPHVHVFRPGLHWDVH[FOXVLYDVGHSDVWDJHPHQWUDQGRFRPSHVRHPWRUQRGH
NJQRLQtFLRGHMXOKR2EVHUYDVHQD)LJXUD$TXHRSHVRGDFDUFDoDIULDDFLPDGHNJHRJUDX
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H[WHUQDGRVP~VFXORVTXHUHFREUHPDFDUFDoDGHSUHFLDQGRVHXYDORUFRPHUFLDOHDXPHQWDQGRDTXHEUD
DRUHVIULDPHQWRHPIXQomRGDPDLRUSHUGDGHiJXD2JUDXGHDFDEDPHQWRREWLGRQRSDVWHMRD
FPWHPJUDQGHLPSRUWkQFLDSRLVHVVHJUDXGHGHSRVLomRGHJRUGXUDQDFDUFDoDpXPDLQGLFDomRGH
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3ODQDOWR5LR*UDQGHQVHFRQIRUPHHQIDWL]DGRDQWHULRUPHQWHpDSRVVtYHOFRPSDFWDomRGRVRORGHYLGRDR
SLVRWHLRDQLPDO1HVVHVLVWHPDFRQIRUPHGLVFXWLGRQRVLWHQVDQWHULRUHVDWHQomRHVSHFLDOGHYHVHUGDGD
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GDLQWHQVLGDGHGHSDVWHMRVREUHDVRMDFXOWLYDGDQDVHTXrQFLDHDRORQJRGRWHPSRGHFRUUHHQWmRGR
HIHLWRFRQMXQWRGRPDQHMRGRSDVWRDHPDWULEXWRVItVLFRVUHODFLRQDGRVjFRPSDFWDomRGRVROREQD
TXDQWLGDGHGHUHVtGXRGDSDVWDJHPUHODFLRQDGDjFLFODJHPGHQXWULHQWHVFQDLQIHVWDomRGHSODQWDV
GDQLQKDVHGQREDODQoRGHFDUERQRUHODFLRQDGRjVXVWHQWDELOLGDGHGRVLVWHPDSODQWLRGLUHWR
2VLPSDFWRVGDLQWHQVLGDGHGHSDVWHMRHPDWULEXWRVGHVRORUHODFLRQDGRVjVXDFRPSDFWDomRVmR
GHVFULWRVGHIRUPDGHWDOKDGDQR,WHP2FRQMXQWRGHLQIRUPDo}HVDQDOLVDGRFODUDPHQWHLQGLFDTXH
RXVRGHSDVWDJHQVFRPLQWHQVLGDGHVGHSDVWHMRPRGHUDGDVHFPHOHYHFPQmRDWLQJHQtYHLV
TXHSRVVDPFRPSDFWDURVRORGHIRUPDDFRPSURPHWHURFUHVFLPHQWRUDGLFXODUGDVRMDFRQVLGHUDQGRD
SRURVLGDGHDGHQVLGDGHVXSULPHQWRGHR[LJrQLRUHWHQomRGHiJXDHUHVLVWrQFLDjSHQHWUDomR(QWUHWDQWR
DOJXPDVUHVWULo}HVIRUDPREVHUYDGDVQRSDVWHMRPDLVLQWHQVRFPGHDOWXUDGRSDVWRSHODGLPLQXLomR
GDSRURVLGDGHHDXPHQWRGDGHQVLGDGHHGDUHVLVWrQFLDjSHQHWUDomRQDFDPDGDVXSHU¿FLDOFPGR
VRORTXHIRUDPUHYHUVtYHLVYROWDQGRDRVYDORUHVRULJLQDLVDSyVRFXOWLYRGDVRMD,WHP
2LPSDFWRGDTXDQWLGDGHGRVUHVtGXRVGHFRUUHQWHVGDVLQWHQVLGDGHVGHSDVWHMRQRHVWRTXHH
FLFODJHPGHQXWULHQWHVVmRDSUHVHQWDGRVQRV,WHQVHUHVSHFWLYDPHQWH0HVPRTXHGLIHUHQoDV
WHQKDPRFRUULGRQHVVHVDWULEXWRVHPIXQomRGRPDQHMRGRSDVWRQmRVHHVSHUDTXHDQXWULomRGDVRMD
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j SHUGD GD FDSDFLGDGH FRPSHWLWLYD HP UHODomR j SODQWDV LQGHVHMiYHLV SRGHQGR FKHJDU DR SRQWR GH
GHJUDGDomR 8PD DYDOLDomR GHVVH HIHLWR QD RFRUUrQFLD GDV SODQWDV LQGHVHMiYHLV IRL HIHWXDGD QD VDIUD
DRVGLDVDSyVDVHPHDGXUDXWLOL]DQGRVHXPDHVFDODGDiUHDFREHUWDSRUHVVDVSODQWDV2V
UHVXOWDGRV)LJXUDVmRFODURVDRLQGLFDUHPDTXDVHDEVROXWDDXVrQFLDGHSODQWDVLQGHVHMiYHLVQDiUHD
VHPSDVWHMRFXMDRFRUUrQFLDDXPHQWDOLQHDUPHQWHFRPDLQWHQVLGDGHGHSDVWHMRFKHJDQGRDRFXSDU
GDVXSHUItFLHQRSDVWHMRPDLVLQWHQVRDOWXUDGRSDVWRGHFP
1DDYDOLDomRFRQMXQWDGRVUHQGLPHQWRVGHJUmRVGHVRMDDSDUWLUGDLQVWDODomRGRH[SHULPHQWR
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GDV VDIUDV ,VWR DSHVDU GDV GLIHUHQoDV QRV DWULEXWRV ItVLFRV TXDQWLGDGH GH UHVtGXRV GR SDVWR H GD
LQIHVWDomRGHSODQWDVGDQLQKDV2VUHQGLPHQWRVIRUDPPXLWRYDULiYHLVHQWUHRVDQRV!GHFRUUHQWHV
GDV FRQGLo}HV FOLPiWLFDV HVVHQFLDOPHQWH D RFRUUrQFLD GH Gp¿FLW KtGULFR (VVH HIHLWR FOLPiWLFR SRGH
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RSWRXVHSRUQmRUHJXODUDSURIXQGLGDGHGHVHPHDGXUDQRSULPHLURDQRIRLUHVSRQViYHOSHODH[SRVLomR
SURSRUFLRQDOGDVVHPHQWHVDFRQGLo}HVDGYHUVDVGHWHPSHUDWXUDHXPLGDGHGRVRORTXHVHUHÀHWLXQR
HVWDQGHGHSODQWDVHQRUHQGLPHQWRGHJUmRV)LJXUD$1DVDIUDVHJXLQWH)LJXUD%HQDVGHPDLV
7DEHODLVVRQmRPDLVRFRUUHXSHODUHJXODJHPjSURIXQGLGDGH¿[DFPGDVHPHDGRUD)LJXUD
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Alturas de manejo
Datas
Safra
Semeadura
Colheita
10 cm
20 cm
30 cm
40 cm
Sem pastejo
--------------------------- t/ha ---------------------------
2001/02
10/12
06/05/02
2,47
2,58
3,13
3,56
3,63
2002/03
17/12
01/05/03
3,70
3,81
3,45
3,68
4,05
2004/05
05/12
30/04/05
1,29
1,30
1,19
1,31
1,20
2005/06
02/12
05/05/06
1,85
2,03
1,66
1,92
1,70
2006/07
15/12
12/05/07
3,55
3,52
3,41
3,74
3,71
2007/08
15/11
17/05/08
2,59
2,64
2,42
2,83
2,65
2009/10
17/12
17/04/10
3,27
3,30
3,49
3,57
3,44
2010/11
17/12
17/04/11
3,30
3,03
3,08
3,60
3,80
Média
-
-
2,75
2,78
2,73
3,02
2,97
Valor relativo(1)
-
-
93%
94%
92%
102%
100%
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XPPHQRUQ~PHURGHJUmRVSRUSODQWDHPLQWHQVLGDGHPRGHUDGDHFPGHDOWXUDGRSDVWRQmR
KRXYHGLIHUHQoDQRUHQGLPHQWRGHJUmRVSRUiUHD7DEHODTXHIRLFRPSHQVDGRSHORPDLRUQ~PHURGH
SODQWDVSRUiUHD0HVPRTXHWHQKDKDYLGRQHVVDVDIUDDXPHQWRGHLQIHVWDomRGHSODQWDVLQGHVHMiYHLV
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2VUHQGLPHQWRVGDVRMDQDViUHDVFRPSUHVHQoDGHSODFDVGHHVWHUFRVmRPDLRUHVHPDSUR[LPDGDPHQWH
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Presença de placas de esterco
Nutrientes disponíveis no solo
P(1)
K(1)
Cu(2)
Zn(2)
S(3)
--------------------------------- mg/kg -------------------------------------
Sim
11,0,
433
4,3
Não
7,8
194
3,8
2,5
1,7
19,6
12,7
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GH
Camada
cm
0 - 10
0 - 20
pH
água(1)
4,8
4,7
Matéria
orgânica
%
3,9
2,7
CTCpH 7,0
3
cmolc/dm
16,7
16,4
Saturação por
Bases
Al
-------- % -------45
6,7
42
9,1
Nutrientes
disponíveis(2)
P
K
3
-- mg/dm -12
180
9
144
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0JWURFiYHLVHGLPLQXLomRGDVDWXUDomRSRUDOXPtQLRDWpDVVHJXLQWHVSURIXQGLGDGHVHFP
UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH)LJXUD
)LJXUD $WULEXWRV GH DFLGH] FiOFLR H PDJQpVLR WURFiYHLV HP SURIXQGLGDGH QR VROR HP iUHDV
SDVWHMDGDVHVHPSDVWHMRDSyVPHVHVGDFDODJHP1RYHPEURGH
e LPSRUWDQWH UHVVDOWDU TXH RV HIHLWRV HP SURIXQGLGDGH QmR IRUDP GLIHUHQFLDGRV HQWUH DV
LQWHQVLGDGHV GH SDVWHMR VRPHQWH RFRUUHX DSyV R SULPHLUR SDVWHMR ,VWR VLJQL¿FD TXH D GHVSHLWR GR
HIHLWRGRSLVRWHLRKRXYHGHVFLGDGHSDUWtFXODV¿QDVSHORVELRSRURVRXPHJDSRURVGRVROR2HIHLWRGR
DQLPDOWDPEpPVHGiSHODGLPLQXLomRGDDFLGH]SRUiFLGRVRUJkQLFRVGHEDL[RSHVRPROHFXODUOLEHUDGRV
SHODGHFRPSRVLomRGRHVWHUFR$OpPGLVVRDH[VXGDomRGHFRPSRVWRVRUJkQLFRVSHODVUDt]HVGDDYHLD
H GR D]HYpP VRE DomR GR SDVWHMR UHPRomR GD SDUWH DpUHD FRP HIHLWR DVVRFLDGR j VHQHVFrQFLD GH
FRPSRQHQWHVPRUIROyJLFRVWDQWRGDSDUWHDpUHDTXDQWRGRVLVWHPDUDGLFXODUSRGHULDVHUUHVSRQViYHO
SRU XP HIHLWR PDLV KRPRJrQHR IUHQWH j DFLGH] GDV iUHDV SDVWHMDGDV XPD YH] TXH D GLVWULEXLomR GRV
H[FUHPHQWRVGRVDQLPDLVpKHWHURJrQHD
2XWURSRQWRDVHUFRQVLGHUDGRQRSUHVHQWHWUDEDOKRpTXHFRPDGLPLQXLomRGDLQWHQVLGDGHGH
SDVWHMRKiXPDXPHQWRJUDGXDOGRWHRUGHPDWpULDRUJkQLFDDRORQJRGRWHPSRLWHPTXHWDPEpP
SRGHGLPLQXLURVHIHLWRVSUHMXGLFLDLVGDDFLGH]GRVRORHGDWR[LGH]SRUDOXPtQLReLPSRUWDQWHOHPEUDU
TXHRVHIHLWRVHPSURIXQGLGDGHDSUHVHQWDGRVVmRHVSHFt¿FRVSDUDRPDQHMRGDFDODJHPHFRQGLo}HVGR
SUHVHQWHWUDEDOKR7DLVFRQGLo}HVVmRUHOHYDQWHVSRLVSDUDXPPHVPRPDQHMRGHDQLPDLVDVUHVSRVWDV
DVDSOLFDo}HVGHFDOFiULRSRGHPVHUGLIHUHQWHVHPIXQomRGHRXWUDVFRQGLo}HVLPSRVWDV
1DHYROXomRGRVLQGLFDGRUHVGHDFLGH]HGHGLVSRQLELOLGDGHGHQXWULHQWHV
$GLQkPLFDGDDFLGH]HGRVQXWULHQWHVHPVLVWHPDVLQWHJUDGRVGHSURGXomRpPDLVFRPSOH[D
GR TXH HP VLVWHPDV RQGH R DQLPDO HVWi DXVHQWH +i FRP D SUHVHQoD GR DQLPDO XP PDLRU Q~PHUR
GH FRPSDUWLPHQWRV FRP WD[DV GLIHUHQFLDGDV GH WUDQVIHUrQFLD HQWUH HOHV TXH DIHWDP RV SURFHVVRV
GH UHDFLGL¿FDomR GR VROR H D FLFODJHP D UHFLFODJHP H R EDODQoR GH QXWULHQWHV (VVHV DVSHFWRV VmR
DSUHVHQWDGRV PDLV DGLDQWH TXDQGR VH FRQVLGHUD D JHUDomR GLIHUHQFLDGD GH UHVtGXRV LWHP HQIRFDQGRDTXLVRPHQWHDHYROXomRGDDFLGH]HGDGLVSRQLELOLGDGHGHQXWULHQWHVFRPRLQGLFDGRUHVGR
HVWDGRGHIHUWLOLGDGHGRVRORDYDOLDGRVDR¿QDOGRSDVWHMRHPQRYHPEURGHHHPPDLRGH
D,QGLFDGRUHVGHDFLGH]
&RQIRUPHYLVWRQRLWHPDQWHULRURHIHLWRPi[LPRGRFDOFiULRHPSURIXQGLGDGHRFRUUHXDRV
PHVHVGDVXDDSOLFDomRDRVROR1HVVHPRPHQWR1RYHPEURGHHPUHODomRjVFRQGLo}HVLQLFLDLV
7DEHODKRXYHQDFDPDGDGHDFPXPDXPHQWRGRS+GHSDUDHGDVDWXUDomRSRU
EDVHVGHSDUDHSRXFDDOWHUDomRQDVDWXUDomRSRU$OGHSDUD(QWUHWDQWRDSyVVHWHDQRV
GDDSOLFDomRGHFDOFiULRDVFRQGLo}HVGHDFLGH]YROWDUDPDVHUHOHYDGDV7DEHODDFLPDGDFRQGLomR
LQLFLDOVHPDSOLFDomRGHFDOFiULR7DEHODFRPGDiUHDDSUHVHQWDYDS+FRPVDWXUDomR
SRU EDVHV H GD iUHD FRP VDWXUDomR SRU$O ! (VVD FRQGLomR p WDPEpP HYLGHQWH
QDDPRVWUDJHPGHPDLRGHHVSHFLDOPHQWHQRVGDGRVGHS+)LJXUD$HGHVDWXUDomRSRU$O
)LJXUD&(VVHVUHVXOWDGRVLQGLFDPDQHFHVVLGDGHGHQRYDDSOLFDomRGHFDOFiULRRTXHSRGHULDHVWDU
OLPLWDQGRVHJXQGRD&4)6566&DSURGXWLYLGDGHGDVRMDRTXHGHIDWRQmRRFRUUHX7DEHOD
7DEHOD&ULWpULRVGHFDODJHPHUHVSHFWLYDiUHDDVHUFRUULJLGDSDUDHOHYDURS+GRVRORD
QDFDPDGDGHDFP&4)6566&QRVLVWHPDGHLQWHJUDomRVRMDERYLQRVGH
FRUWH1RYHPEURGH
Critérios de calagem
1.
pH água < 5,5
2.
Saturação por bases < 65%
3.
Saturação por Al > 10%
4.
P < Muito alto
Área (%)
87
96
86
87
Objetivo
Elevar o pH do solo a 5,5
na camada de 0 - 10 cm
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(QWUHDVLQWHQVLGDGHVGHSDVWHMRYHUL¿FDVHQDDPRVWUDJHPGHPDLRGH)LJXUDXPD
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&QRSDVWHMRPRGHUDGRHPUHODomRDRLQWHQVLYRHVHPSDVWHMRHPDPEDVDVFDPDGDVDQDOLVDGDV
5HVVDOWDVH D DOWD VDWXUDomR SRU$O QR WUDWDPHQWR VHP SDVWHMR )LJXUD & EHP DFLPD GRV YDORUHV
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FDPDGDV GH VROR QR LQtFLR H DSyV QRYH DQRV QR VLVWHPD GH LQWHJUDomR VRMD
ERYLQRVGHFRUWH
E,QGLFDGRUHVGDGLVSRQLELOLGDGHGHQXWULHQWHV
2VWHRUHVGHPDWpULDRUJkQLFDGHIyVIRURHGHSRWiVVLRGLVSRQtYHLV0HKOLFKIRUDPGLIHUHQFLDGRV
QRWHPSRHHPUHODomRjVLQWHQVLGDGHVGHSDVWHMR)LJXUD$VVLPHQTXDQWRRVWHRUHVGHPDWpULD
RUJkQLFD DXPHQWDUDP GH IRUPD JUDGXDO FRP R WHPSR H FRP D GLPLQXLomR GD LQWHQVLGDGH GH SDVWHMR
)LJXUD$RVGHIyVIRURWLYHUDPXPDXPHQWRDFHQWXDGRDSyVQRYHDQRVGHFRQGXomRGRVLVWHPD
HPDPEDVDVSURIXQGLGDGHV)LJXUD%2PDLRUDXPHQWRGHVVHVDWULEXWRVQDFDPDGDVXSHU¿FLDOGR
VROR GHYHVH DR HIHLWR DFXPXODWLYR GD GHSRVLomR GH UHVtGXRV H GD DGXEDomR DR ORQJR GRV DQRV VRE
SODQWLRGLUHWR2VWHRUHVGH.GLVSRQtYHOHQWUHWDQWRGLPLQXtUDPFRPRWHPSRSULQFLSDOPHQWHQDFDPDGD
VXSHU¿FLDOVHQGRRGHFUpVFLPRPHQRUQDDXVrQFLDGRVDQLPDLVHPDPEDVDVFDPDGDVGHVROR)LJXUD
&0HVPRDVVLPRVWHRUHVVHPDQWLYHUDPDFLPDGRQtYHOFUtWLFRPJNJHVWDEHOHFLGRSHOD&4)6
566&SDUD DVRMD QHVVH WLSRGHVROR &7&S+ ! FPROFNJ 1HVWH FRQWH[WR ¿FD FODUR TXH
PHVPRFRPXPEDODQoRGHSRWiVVLRQHJDWLYRGHIRUPDSURSRUFLRQDODRDXPHQWRGDORWDomRDQLPDOHj
GHPDQGDHOHYDGDGDVRMDSRU.,WHPRVUHQGLPHQWRVGDFXOWXUDQmRIRUDPDIHWDGRV7DEHOD
XPDYH]TXHRVQtYHLVGHVVHQXWULHQWHQRVRORVHPDQWLYHUDPHOHYDGRVDSyVDQRVQRVLVWHPD
0DWpULDRUJkQLFD
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)LJXUD7HRUGHPDWpULDRUJkQLFD$GHIyVIRUR%HGHSRWiVVLR&GLVSRQtYHLV0HKOLFKQR
LQtFLRHDSyVQRYHDQRVQRVLVWHPDGHLQWHJUDomRVRMDERYLQRVGHFRUWH
$DGXEDomRIRLDPHVPDHPWRGRVRVWUDWDPHQWRV,WHP$SDUWLUGRVPDSDVGHGLVWULEXLomRGRV
WHRUHVGHVVHVQXWULHQWHVSRUDPRVWUDJHPVLVWHPiWLFDHJHRUUHIHUHQFLDGDHPJUDGHUHWLFXODGDFKHJRXVH
jGLVWULEXLomRGHIUHTXrQFLDGHIDL[DVGHLQWHUSUHWDomRVHJXQGRD&4)6566&DSUHVHQWDGDQD
7DEHOD2VWHRUHVGHPDWpULDRUJkQLFDPpGLRHPGDiUHDGHIyVIRURGLVSRQtYHODFLPDQRQtYHO
FUtWLFRHPGDiUHDHGHSRWiVVLRGLVSRQtYHODFLPDGRQtYHOFUtWLFRHPGDiUHDHQVHMDPj
UHFRPHQGDomRFRQIRUPHD&4)6566&GHDNJGH1KDSDUDDSDVWDJHPD]HYpP
DYHLDSUHWDGHNJGH32KDHNJGH.2KDSDUDXPDH[SHFWDWLYDGHSURGXWLYLGDGHGHWKD
GHJUmRVGHVRMD(VWDUHFRPHQGDomRpPXLWRSUy[LPDGDTXHODXWLOL]DGDQD)D]HQGDGR(VSLQLOKR
7DEHOD'LVWULEXLomRGDVIDL[DVGHWHRUHVGHPDWpULDRUJkQLFDIyVIRURHSRWiVVLRGLVSRQtYHLV
QR VROR QD iUHD H[SHULPHQWDO H UHFRPHQGDo}HV GH DGXEDomR SDUD D H[SHFWDWLYD GH
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LQWHJUDomRVRMDSHFXiULDGHFRUWH
Mat. orgânica
Faixa
Área
Nitrogênio
N – kg ha-1
Fósforo
Faixa
Potássio
Área
P2O5
Área
K2O
%
kg/ha
%
kg/ha
%
4 t/ha
6 t/ha
Baixa
0
70
100
Média
1
90
2
125
Média
99
40
70
Alta
86
60
80
95
Alta
1
20
50
M. alta
13
!60
18
!95
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PLFURELDQD)LJXUD'HDREDL[RDSRUWHGHUHVtGXRGRSDVWR)LJXUDSUHMXGLFDGRSHODEDL[DDGXEDomR
QLWURJHQDGDQRH[SHULPHQWRGHNJKD$OpPGLVWRHVVHWUDWDPHQWRFPMiYLQKDVRIUHQGRLQÀXrQFLD
GDH[SRUWDomRSHORVSURGXWRVFRPHUFLDLVJHUDGRVFDUQHHJUmRVFRPGLPLQXLomRGHWKDGH&QR
SHUtRGRGHPRQVWUDQGRTXHHVVDLQWHQVLGDGHGHSDVWHMRQmRHVWiVHQGRVXVWHQWiYHO$IUDomR
SDUWLFXODGDpDPDLVOiELOGDPDWpULDRUJkQLFDHWLGDFRPRXPH¿FLHQWHLQGLFDGRUGRPDQHMRDGRWDGRQR
VROR'DPHVPDIRUPDDLQWHQVLGDGHGHSDVWHMRWDPEpPLQÀXHQFLDDPDVVDGHUDt]HVTXHWHPVLGR
SRUpPLQYHUVDPHQWHSURSRUFLRQDOjDOWXUDGRSDVWR)LJXUDeGHVHMiYHOTXHRVRORDSUHVHQWHXPD
IUDomRFRQVLGHUiYHOGH&023SRLVDVVLPHVWDUiJDUDQWLQGRÀX[RGH&SDUDRVRORHDVVLPPDQWHUD
VXDDWLYLGDGHELROyJLFD
E)RUPDVHIUDo}HVGHIyVIRUR
$H[HPSORGRTXHRFRUUHXFRPR3GLVSRQtYHO)LJXUD%WDPEpPKRXYHDXPHQWRQRHVWRTXHGH
IyVIRURDRORQJRGRSHUtRGRH[SHULPHQWDO)LJXUDFRPGLPLQXLomRGRLQFUHPHQWRFRPDLQWHQVLGDGHGH
SDVWHMR 2V DQLPDLV IXQFLRQDP
HQWmR FRPR DFHOHUDGRUHV GR
SURFHVVR GH FLFODJHP GHVVH
QXWULHQWH$VXDGLQkPLFDQRVROR
HP LQWHJUDomR FRP D SHFXiULD
SDVVDDVHUPDLVFRPSOH[DGHYLGR
DR FRPSDUWLPHQWR RUJkQLFR
FDUERQRRUJkQLFRTXHDXPHQWD
FRPRWHPSR)LJXUD$HDR
UHVSHFWLYRSURFHVVRGHFLFODJHP
GRV UHVtGXRV $SHVDU GLVVR
R DXPHQWR GR HVWRTXH GHVVH
)LJXUD(YROXomRGRVHVWRTXHVGHIyVIRURQDFDPDGDGH± QXWULHQWH QD FDPDGD GH D FPVRORGRLQtFLRHDSyVVHLVDQRVQRVLVWHPDGH FP RFRUUHX SUHGRPLQDQWHPHQWH
QD IRUPD LQRUJkQLFD HP VXD
LQWHJUDomRVRMDERYLQRVGHFRUWH
IUDomRPRGHUDGDPHQWHOiELOXPDYH]TXHDIRUPDRUJkQLFDSHUPDQHFHXLQDOWHUDGDHQWUHDVLQWHQVLGDGHV
GHSDVWHMRQHVVDFDPDGD$XPHQWRVQDIRUPDRUJkQLFDVRPHQWHRFRUUHUDPQDFDGDVXSHU¿FLDOGHD
FP(VVDSUHGRPLQkQFLDJHRTXtPLFDQRFLFORELRJHRTXtPLFRGHULYDGDJUDQGHD¿QLGDGHGRIyVIRURFRP
RVFRPSRQHQWHVPLQHUDLVHVSHFLDOPHQWHGRVy[LGRVGHIHUURHPDEXQGkQFLDQHVVHVROR
1DFLFODJHPHQREDODQoRGHQXWULHQWHV
(QWHQGHVHDFLFODJHPFRPRRPRYLPHQWRÀX[RGRVQXWULHQWHVHQWUHRVGLYHUVRVFRPSDUWLPHQWRV
DWPRVIHUDSODQWDDQLPDOVROR GR VLVWHPD GH SURGXomR HP XPD VpULH GH SURFHVVRV QRV UHVSHFWLYRV
FLFORVELRJHRTXtPLFRV1HVVHFRQWH[WRDFLFODJHPHDUHFLFODJHPHQYROYHPDPHGLomRGDTXDQWLGDGH
HGDYHORFLGDGHGHWUDQVIHUrQFLDGHQXWULHQWHVGHXPFRPSDUWLPHQWRSDUDRXWURÀX[RVHWD[DVFKHJDQGR
VH¿QDOPHQWHDRVHXEDODQoRQRVLVWHPD2SOHQRFRQKHFLPHQWRGDFLFODJHPpLPSRUWDQWHSDUDRXVR
H¿FLHQWH GRV QXWULHQWHV GR VROR GRV UHVtGXRV H GRV IHUWLOL]DQWHV$VVLP VHQGR p QHFHVViULR FRQKHFHU
D VLQFURQLD GH VXD GLVSRQLELOL]DomR SHODV GLIHUHQWHV IRQWHV FRP D GHPDQGD GD FXOWXUD LQVWDODGD SDUD
HVWDEHOHFHU D DGXEDomR FRP IRFR QR VLVWHPD $ FLFODJHP QR FRQWH[WR GHVWH WUDEDOKR VH UHIHUH DR
GHVDSDUHFLPHQWRGRVUHVtGXRVGDSDUWHDpUHDGRSDVWRGRHVWHUFRERYLQRHGDSDUWHDpUHDGDVRMDHP
VDFRV GH GHFRPSRVLomR OLWWHU EDJV QR FDPSR H D FRQVHTHQWH OLEHUDomR GR IyVIRUR H GR SRWiVVLR$
TXDQWLGDGHGHVVHVUHVtGXRVSURGX]LGRVHPXPFLFORGHVRMDSDVWHMRHVWiDSUHVHQWDGDQD7DEHOD
7DEHOD4XDQWLGDGHGHUHVtGXRVSURGX]LGRVQRVGLIHUHQWHVFRPSDUWLPHQWRVGHXPFLFORSDVWDJHP
VRMD-XQKRDPDLR
Resíduos
Pasto
Esterco
Caules de soja
Folhas de soja
TOTAL
Alturas de manejo (cm)
Sem pastejo
10
20
30
40
------------------------------------------- t/ha ---------------------------------------1,33
3,24
4,64
6,24
6,14
1,34
0,90
0,69
0,57
0,00
2,71
2,81
2,87
2,56
2,87
2,09
2,39
2,59
2,56
2,85
7,47
9,34
10,79
11,93
11,86
$TXDQWLGDGHGHIyVIRURHGHSRWiVVLRQRVUHVtGXRVDGHFRPSRUGHWHUPLQDGDSHODTXDQWLGDGH
GHUHVtGXRVQR¿QDOGRFLFOR7DEHODHGRVHXWHRUHPQXWULHQWHVYDULDFRPRUHVtGXRHFRPRPDQHMR
GRJDGRQRSDVWR7DEHOD(ODpPDLRUSDUDRSRWiVVLRHPUHODomRDRIyVIRUR(PUHODomRjVIRQWHV
HQTXDQWRQRVUHVtGXRVGRSDVWHMRDPDJQLWXGHYDULDFRPRPDQHMRQDVRMDQmRKiGLIHUHQoD1RUHVtGXR
GRSDVWRKRXYHGLPLQXLomRFRPRDXPHQWRGDLQWHQVLGDGHGHSDVWHMR-iQRHVWHUFRRFRUUHXRLQYHUVRLVWR
pKRXYHDXPHQWRFRPDLQWHQVLGDGHGHSDVWHMRFRPYDORUHVGHWHUPLQDGRVSHODUHVSHFWLYDTXDQWLGDGH
GRVUHVtGXRVSURGX]LGRV
7DEHOD4XDQWLGDGHGHIyVIRUR3HGHSRWiVVLR.QRVGLIHUHQWHVUHVtGXRVGDVFXOWXUDVHGR
HVWHUFRQRVLVWHPDGHLQWHJUDomRVRMDERYLQRVGHFRUWH
Pastejo
cm
10
20
30
40
SP
P
K
P
K
P
K
P
K
--------------------------------------------kg/ha----------------------------------------------Res. pasto
4
6
10
15
18
16
39
62
86
85
Res. esterco
13
12
12
11
-
9
7
7
6
-
Res. folhas soja
4
4
4
5
6
26
34
33
36
37
Res. caule soja
4
5
5
4
5
31
30
32
30
42
&ROHWDGRHPQRYHPEURGH&ROHWDGRHPPDLRGH
$GLQkPLFDGHGHFRPSRVLomRGRVUHVtGXRVpSRUVXDYH]GHWHUPLQDGDSHODQDWXUH]DIRUPD
GHVHXVFRQVWLWXLQWHVDVVLPGHQRPLQDGRVOiELOHUHFDOFLWUDQWHLVWRpGHIiFLOHGHGLItFLOGHFRPSRVLomR
UHVSHFWLYDPHQWHGHWHUPLQDGRVSHOREDL[RHHOHYDGRWHRUGHFHOXORVHHOLJQLQD$GHFRPSRVLomRGHVVDV
IRUPDV OiELO H UHFDOFLWUDQWH H D FRQVHTHQWH OLEHUDomR GH QXWULHQWHV VHUi FRQFRPLWDQWH RX GH IRUPD
VHSDUDGDSULPHLURDOiELOHGHSRLVDUHFDOFLWUDQWHHLGHQWL¿FDGDSHORDMXVWHGHHTXDo}HVQmROLQHDUHV
2WHPSRGHPHLDYLGD7WHPSRSDUDOLEHUDUDPHWDGHGRQXWULHQWHGRUHVtGXRWHPVLGRXWLOL]DGRSDUD
FRPSDUDURVHIHLWRVGRPDQHMRGRVLVWHPDQDOLEHUDomRGRVQXWULHQWHVGRVGLIHUHQWHVFRPSDUWLPHQWRV
1HVVDSHUVSHFWLYDTXDQGRRDMXVWHGDVIXQo}HVIRUPDLRUSDUDDGHFRPSRVLomRVHSDUDGDUHVXOWDUiHP
XP~QLFR7IUDomROiELOHTXDQGRRDMXVWHLQGLFDGHFRPSRVLomRFRQMXQWDUHVXOWDUiHPGRLV7IUDomR
OiELOHUHFDOFLWUDQWH
3DUD R IyVIRUR 7DEHOD H[FHomR SDUD VXD OLEHUDomR GDV IROKDV GD VROMD GHFRPSRVLomR
VHSDUDGDSULPHLURDIUDomROiELORPDLRUDMXVWHRFRUUHXSDUDDGHFRPSRVLomRFRQMXQWDGRVFRQVWLWXLQWHV
OiEHLV H UHFDOFLWUDQWHV 2 WHPSR GH PHLD YLGD 7 GD IUDomR UHFDOFLWUDQWH GRV GLIHUHQWHV UHVtGXRV p
HOHYDGRVHQGRHQWUHWDQWRPHQRUQDVIROKDVGHVRMDDGLDVVHJXLGRGRHVWHUFRD
GLDV H GR SDVWR D GLDV LQGLFDQGR VHU R VXSULPHQWR GHVVD IRUPD VRPHQWH LPSRUWDQWH QR
FLFORVXEVHTHQWHGDSUySULDFXOWXUD$GHFRPSRVLomRGDIUDomROiELOHQWUHWDQWRpUiSLGDSDUDWRGRVRV
UHVtGXRVVHQGRSRUpPPHQRUSDUDRHVWHUFRDGLDVVHJXLGRGDVIROKDVGHVRMDDGLDV
GRUHVtGXRGRSDVWRDGLDVHSRU¿PGRFDXOHGDVRMDDGLDV(QWUHWDQWRHVVDIUDomR
OiELOUHSUHVHQWDVRPHQWHHGRWRWDOGRIyVIRURQDVIROKDVGHVRMDQRSDVWRHQRHVWHUFR
UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH1RFDVRGRVFDXOHVGDVRMDRWHPSRGHPHLDYLGDFRQVLGHUDQGRRDMXVWH~QLFRSDUDD
IUDomROiELOpUHODWLYDPHQWHHOHYDGRDGLDV2WHPSRGHPHLDYLGDPDLVEDL[RSDUDDOLEHUDomRGH
IyVIRURGHVVDVIUDo}HVOiEHLVHVWiUHODFLRQDGRDRPHQRUWHRUGHOLJQLQDHPUHODomRjIUDomRUHFDOFLWUDQWH
7DEHOD7HPSRGHPHLDYLGD7GHIyVIRURHPIUDo}HVHUHVtGXRVQRVLVWHPDGHLQWHJUDomRVRMD
ERYLQRVGHFRUWH
Resíduo
Pastagem(1)
Esterco bovino(1)
Soja - folhas(2)
Soja - caules(2)
Fração
Lábil
Recalcitrante
Lábil
Recalcitrante
Lábil
Recalcitrante
Lábil
Alturas de manejo
Sem pastejo
10
20
30
40
--------------------------------dias---------------------------------25
13
13
40
25
462
175
582
422
302
10
5
15
16
303
179
266
294
16
18
23
18
18
145
142
149
142
142
58
58
61
58
66
&ROHWDGRHPQRYHPEURGH&ROHWDGRHPPDLRGH
1D OLEHUDomR GH SRWiVVLR GRV GLIHUHQWHV UHVtGXRV 7DEHOD IRL FRQVLGHUDGR XQLFDPHQWH R
DMXVWHSDUDDIUDomROiELOXPDYH]TXHRPHVPRQmRID]SDUWHGHFRQVWLWXLQWHVHVWUXWXUDLVGRVUHVtGXRV
HpUDSLGDPHQWHGLVSRQLELOL]DGR,VWRSRGHVHUYHUL¿FDGRSHORWHPSRGHPHLDYLGDEDVWDQWHEDL[RSDUD
WRGDVDVIRQWHVIROKDVGHVRMDGLDVHVWHUFRGLDVFDXOHVGHVRMDGLDVHUHVtGXRGR
SDVWRGLDVVHQGRHPWRGRVRVFDVRVSRXFRDIHWDGRSHODLQWHQVLGDGHGHSDVWHMRRTXHLQGLFDD
VXDOLEHUDomRLPHGLDWDSDUDDSUySULDFXOWXUDSDVWDJHPHVRMD
$WD[DGHOLEHUDomRGRVQXWULHQWHVGHSHQGHHQWmRGDFRPSRVLomRHPFHOXORVHKHPLFHOXORVH
HOLJQLQDVHQGRPDLRUQDVIROKDVGHVRMDHQRHVWHUFRERYLQR$VIROKDVGHVRMDVmRGHGHFRPSRVLomR
UiSLGD FRQIRUPH LQGLFD D VXD PHQRU UHODomR &1 D IRUUDJHP VRIUH QR WUDWR GLJHVWLYR DQLPDO XP
SURFHVVR GH GHJUDGDomR PHVPR TXH SDUFLDO GD IUDomR UHFDOFLWUDQWH WRUQDQGRD PDLV UDSLGDPHQWH
GHJUDGDGDQRVROR
7DEHOD7HPSRGHPHLDYLGD7GHSRWiVVLRHPIUDo}HVHUHVtGXRVQRVLVWHPDGHLQWHJUDomR
VRMDERYLQRVGHFRUWH
Resíduo
Pastagem(1)
Esterco bovino(1)
Soja - folhas(2)
Soja - caules(2)
Fração
Lábil
Lábil
Lábil
Lábil
Alturas de manejo
Sem pastejo
10
20
30
40
------------------------------dias-------------------------------15
18
18
18
15
11
11
12
11
9
9
8
8
8
15
15
12
15
18
&ROHWDGRHPQRYHPEURGH&ROHWDGRHPPDLRGH
,PSDFWRV GDV LQWHQVLGDGHV GH SDVWHMR RFRUUHUDP QD OLEHUDomR GH IyVIRUR GR UHVtGXR GR SDVWR
HGRHVWHUFRHQmRGRVUHVtGXRVGHVRMD7DEHODSRLVQmRKRXYHHIHLWRVGDLQWHQVLGDGHGHSDVWHMR
QDFXOWXUDGHVRMD7DEHOD$WD[DGHVXDGHFRPSRVLomRHFRQVHTXHQWHOLEHUDomRpPDLRUQRSDVWHMR
PRGHUDGR7DEHOD,VWRLQGLFDTXHQHVVHPDQHMRRUHVtGXRGRSDVWRDSUHVHQWDPHQRUUHODomROLJQLQD
QLWURJrQLRIDYRUHFHQGRDDWLYLGDGHPLFURELDQD,WHP(VVHHIHLWRGRSDVWHMRQmRpREVHUYDGRSDUD
RSRWiVVLRSRLVRPHVPRVHHQFRQWUDQDIRUPDOLYUHQDSODQWDHUDSLGDPHQWHOLEHUDGRSHORVRORFRPR
YHUL¿FDGRHPWRGRVRVUHVtGXRV7DEHOD
$SDUWLFLSDomRGDFLFODJHPGRVUHVtGXRVHPIRUQHFHUQXWULHQWHVSDUDDFXOWXUDDVHULQVWDODGD
HPVXFHVVmRSRGHVHUHVWLPDGDSRUVXDOLEHUDomRQRWHPSR$VVLPDOLEHUDomRDFXPXODGDGHIyVIRURGR
UHVtGXRGRSDVWRPDLVGRHVWHUFR)LJXUD$SDUDDVRMDRFRUUHXQDVHJXLQWHRUGHPGRVWUDWDPHQWRV
FP ! 63 ! FP ! FP ! FP VHQGR GH H NJKD UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH
(VVDVTXDQWLGDGHVVmRSHTXHQDVHPUHODomRjLQGLFDGDGHNJKDSDUDXPDSURGXWLYLGDGHGHVRMD
GHWKDSRUpPpEDVWDQWHLPSRUWDQWHQDIDVHGHHVWDEHOHFLPHQWRTXHRFRUUHHPWRUQRGHGLDV
GDUHWLUDGDGRVDQLPDLVGRSDVWRFRPTXDQWLGDGHVOLEHUDGDVHQWUHFPDFPNJKD
&RQVLGHUDQGRTXHRIyVIRURVHHQFRQWUDQDIRUPDRUJkQLFDQRVUHVtGXRVDVXDOHQWDOLEHUDomRGLPLQXL
D SRVVLELOLGDGH GH VXD UHWHQomR DRV y[LGRVKLGUy[LGRV GH )H H$O R TXH OHYD D XPD XWLOL]DomR PDLV
H¿FLHQWHSHODVSODQWDV
)LJXUD/LEHUDomRDFXPXODGDGHIyVIRUR$HGHSRWiVVLR%GRUHVtGXRGRSDVWRHGRHVWHUFR
DRORQJRGRWHPSRGHVXDGHFRPSRVLomR
$ OLEHUDomR DFXPXODGD GH SRWiVVLR SHORV UHVtGXRV GH SDVWDJHP H GR HVWHUFR )LJXUD % p
UiSLGD H VHJXLX XP SDGUmR PXLWR VHPHOKDQWH HQWUH DV LQWHQVLGDGHV GH SDVWHMR$V TXDQWLGDGHV WRWDLV
OLEHUDGDVDRORQJRGRWHPSRIRUDPHOHYDGDVVHQGRPDLRUQDiUHD63FRPNJKDQRSDVWHMROHYH
FPFRPNJKDHQRSDVWHMRPRGHUDGRFPFRPNJKDVHJXLGRVGHSDVWHMRPRGHUDGR
FPFRPNJKDHGRSDVWHMRLQWHQVRFPFRPNJKD(VVDVTXDQWLGDGHVVmRUHOHYDQWHV
UHSUHVHQWDQGRGHDGDTXDQWLGDGHGHNJKDSDUDXPDSURGXWLYLGDGHGHWKDGHJUmRV
GHUVRMD&4)6566&eLPSRUWDQWHWDPEpPFRQVLGHUDUTXHHPIXQomRGDUiSLGDOLEHUDomRGH
SRWiVVLRGRVUHVtGXRVTXDQWLGDGHVHOHYDGDVGHNJKDQRSDVWHMRLQWHQVRDNJKDQRVHPSDVWHMR
HSDVWHMROHYHFPVmRGLVSRQLELOL]DGDVQDVHPHDGXUDGDVRMD
$OLEHUDomRGHIyVIRURGRVUHVtGXRVGDVRMDSDUDDSDVWDJHPpUHODWLYDPHQWHSHTXHQD)LJXUD
$ HP UHODomR j GHPDQGD WDQWR QR WRWDO FRPR QR SHUtRGR GH VHX HVWDEHOHFLPHQWR TXH RFRUUH HP
WRUQRGHXPPrVDSyVDFROKHLWDGDVRMD(VVDOLEHUDomRSRXFRYDULRXHPIXQomRGRPDQHMRGRSDVWR
GHNJKDQRSDVWHMRLQWHQVRDNJKDQRVHPSDVWHMR&RPRUHVXOWDGRKiFRQWULEXLomRGDIUDomR
UHFDOFLWUDQWHGRVUHVtGXRVGRSDVWRHGRHVWHUFRWHPSRORQJRGHPHLDYLGDHQmRGRVUHVtGXRVGDVRMD
TXHQmRVHGLIHUHQFLDUDPHQWUHDVLQWHQVLGDGHVGHSDVWHMR7DEHOD
)LJXUD/LEHUDomRDFXPXODGDGHIyVIRUR$HGHSRWiVVLR%GRUHVtGXRGDVRMDFDXOHPDLV
IROKDVHPIXQomRGDLQWHQVLGDGHGHSDVWHMRDRORQJRGRWHPSRGHVXDGHFRPSRVLomR
$OLEHUDomRGHSRWiVVLR)LJXUD%IRLHQWUHWDQWRUiSLGDHHPJUDQGHVTXDQWLGDGHVTXHUSDUD
RHVWDEHOHFLPHQWRGRSDVWRDRUHGRUGHNJKDTXHUVHMDDRORQJRGRVHXGHVHQYROYLPHQWRFKHJDQGR
DNJKDQRSDVWHMRLQWHQVRHDNJKDQRVHPSDVWHMR
eLPSRUWDQWHTXHVHUHVVDOWHFRPEDVHQHVVHVUHVXOWDGRVTXHDFRQWULEXLomRGDFLFODJHPGRV
UHVtGXRVpXPDLPSRUWDQWHIRQWHGHQXWULHQWHVSDUDDVFXOWXUDV+iHQWmRDQHFHVVLGDGHGHFRQKHFHUD
FLQpWLFDGHVXDOLEHUDomRGHIRUPDDVXSULUDQHFHVVLGDGHGRVHDpSRFDGDDGXEDomR3DUDLVVRGHYH
VHFRQKHFHURÀX[RGRVQXWULHQWHVHQWUHWRGRVRVFRPSDUWLPHQWRVGRVLVWHPDRUHVtGXRGDSDOKDGDQD
VXSHUItFLHHGRVUHVtGXRVTXHVHORFDOL]DPQRSHU¿OGRVRORUDt]HVHKXPXV(PVLVWHPDVGHSURGXomR
LQWHJUDGDGHYHVHFRQVLGHUDUDLQGDRFRPSRQHQWHDQLPDOFLFODQGRQXWULHQWHVYLDHVWHUFRHXULQD
$ FLFODJHP H R EDODQoR GH SRWiVVLR QR VLVWHPD IRUDP WDPEpP HVWXGDGRV )LJXUD SHOD
GHWHUPLQDomRGDVTXDQWLGDGHVGHVVHQXWULHQWHDGLFLRQDGDVDFXPXODGDVQRVGLIHUHQWHVFRPSDUWLPHQWRV
VRMD SDVWDJHP H DQLPDLV H H[SRUWDGDV HP XP FLFOR VRMDSDVWHMR $V TXDQWLGDGHV FLFODGDV
IRUDPHOHYDGDVHDXPHQWDUDPFRPDLQWHQVLGDGHGHSDVWHMRGHQRWUDWDPHQWRVHPSDVWHMRDNJ
KDQRSDVWHMRLQWHQVLYR)LJXUD$VHQGRVXSHULRUHVjVQHFHVVLGDGHVGDVUHVSHFWLYDVFXOWXUDV(PERUD
WHQKDRFRUULGRXPDGLPLQXLomRGRQXWULHQWHQRUHVtGXRGDSDVWDJHPGHSDUDNJKDFRPRDXPHQWR
GDLQWHQVLGDGHGHSDVWHMRPHVPRDVVLPKRXYHPDLRUFLFODJHPFRPRDXPHQWRGDLQWHQVLGDGHGHSDVWHMR
SHORDXPHQWRGDTXDQWLGDGHGHSDVWRTXHSDVVRXSHORWUDWRGLJHVWLYRGRVDQLPDLVGHQRSDVWHMROHYH
3SDUDNJKDQRSDVWHMRLQWHQVLYR3)LJXUD$&RPRDTXDQWLGDGHDGLFLRQDGDGHSRWiVVLR
IRLDPHVPDNJKDHDTXDQWLGDGHUHWLUDGDSHODFDUQHHSHORVJUmRVGHVRMDIRLVLPLODUHPWRUQRGH
NJKDHPWRGRVRVWUDWDPHQWRVDVGLIHUHQoDVQRVRPDWyULRGHVVHQXWULHQWHQRVFRPSDUWLPHQWRVVH
GHYHjVXDUHFLFODJHPUHDSURYHLWDPHQWRUHFLUFXODomRRXjDEVRUomRGLIHUHQFLDGDGRVROR
)LJXUD&LFODJHP$HFLFOR%GHSRWiVVLRHPXPFLFORGHSDVWHMRQRVLVWHPDVRMDERYLQRVGH
FRUWH&LFOR
(QTXDQWRRVDOGRGH.QDODYRXUDHQWUDGDVPHQRVVDtGDVIRLSHTXHQRHSRXFRGLIHUHQFLDGR
HQWUHRVWUDWDPHQWRVQR3DNJKDQR3RVDOGRQRVRORYDULRXEDVWDQWHGHQR63
DQR3HNJKDQR3,VWRLQGLFDTXHDRPHQRVSDUWHGDTXDQWLGDGHFLFODGDQDViUHDV
SDVWHMDGDV IRL VXSULGD SHOR VROR )LJXUD % 'HVWD IRUPD QD DXVrQFLD GR SDVWHMR RV WHRUHV GHVVH
QXWULHQWH DR ORQJR GR SHU¿O GR VROR IRUDP PDLRUHV HP UHODomR jV iUHDV FRP DQLPDLV HVSHFLDOPHQWH
DTXHODVLQWHQVDPHQWHSDVWHMDGDV
1DTXDOLGDGHGRVROR
3URFXURXVH VHOHFLRQDU LQGLFDGRUHV GH TXDOLGDGH TXH UHÀHWLVVHP SURSULHGDGHV DJUHJDGDV RX
IXQFLRQDLVGRVRORRHVWDGRGHDJUHJDomRDGLYHUVLGDGHPLFURELDQDIXQFLRQDOHRtQGLFHGHPDQHMRGH
FDUERQR&RQIRUPHGH¿QLGRQR,WHPRHVWDGRGHDJUHJDomRpXPGRVPDLVLPSRUWDQWHVtQGLFHV
GHTXDOLGDGHGRVRORSRULQFOXLUDVSHFWRVItVLFRVUHODFLRQDGRVjHVWUXWXUDHELRTXtPLFRVUHODFLRQDGRV
DR EDODQoR GH FDUERQR$ VXD DYDOLDomR SHOR GLkPHWUR PpGLR SRQGHUDGR '03 LQGLFD XPD PHOKRU
DJUHJDomRQDSUHVHQoDHPUHODomRjDXVrQFLDGRVDQLPDLV)LJXUD$GHPRQVWUDQGRRHIHLWRSRVLWLYR
GRV DQLPDLV QR VLVWHPD 1HVWD VLWXDomR D LQWHQVLGDGH PRGHUDGD GH SDVWHMR 3 p D TXH PHOKRU
IDYRUHFHDIRUPDomRGHDJUHJDGRVJUDQGHVHSRULVWRYHPDVHURPDQHMRFRPPDLRUSURWHomRItVLFDGD
PDWpULDRUJkQLFD(VVHSDUHFHVHURPDQHMRTXHVLQHUJL]DDDomRGRVGLIHUHQWHVDJHQWHVGDDJUHJDomR
&DPDGDFP
$OWXUDGRSDVWRFP
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Manejo do sistema
Variáveis avaliadas
Densidade do solo após pastejo
Porosidade do solo após pastejo
Umidade do solo pós-pastejo
Agregação do solo
Pressão de pré-consolidação
Resistência à penetração
pós-pastejo
Força de tração pós-pastejo
Infiltração de água
Calagem (efeito em profundidade)
Estoque de carbono
Índice de manejo de carbono
Estoque de nitrogênio
Formas de fósforo
Disponibilidade de fósforo
Disponibilidade de potássio
Ciclagem de potássio
Biomassa microbiana
Quociente metabólico
Diversidade microbiana
Fitomassa aérea total
Fitomassa aérea pós-pastejo
Fitomassa radicular pós-pastejo
Soja (população)
Soja (rendimento)
Plantas indesejáveis (Lavoura)
Lotação
GMD (ganho médio diário)
G/ha (ganho por hectare)
Qualidade da carcaça
Qualidade do pasto oferecido
Deslocamento
Tempo em pastejo
Faturamento
Risco
Qualidade do solo
Sustentabilidade do sistema
Referência
Referência
Referência
Referência
Referência
Pastejo leve a
moderado
(20, 30 ou 40 cm)
Aumenta um pouco
Similar
Diminui um pouco
Aumenta mais
Aumenta
Referência
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Aumenta mais
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Não se aplica
Não se aplica
Não se aplica
Não se aplica
Não se aplica
Não se aplica
Não se aplica
Referência
Referência
Referência
Referência
Aumenta
Diminui
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Aumenta mais
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Sem pastejo
Pastejo intenso
(10 cm)
Aumenta mais
Diminui
Diminui mais
Aumenta
Aumenta mais
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