2014 Nutrition Country Profile
www.globalnutritionreport.org
Brazil
ECONOMICS AND DEMOGRAPHY
UNDER-5 MORTALITY RATE
POVERTY RATES AND GDP
US$1.25/day (%)
US$2/day (%)
14,043
30
9,997
17
INCOME INEQUALITY
Deaths per 1,000 live births
GDP per capita
PPP ($)
Gini index, 1990
14,555
62
11,015
POPULATION
33
1990
61
Source: World Bank 2014.
Note: 0 = perfect equality, 100 = perfect inequality.
2000
2010
2013
Source: World Bank 2014.
Note: PPP = purchasing power parity.
1990
2000
16
14
2010
2012
Population (000)
198,656
Under-5 population (000)
14,563
2012
2012
Urban (%)
84
2010
> 65 years (%)
7
2012
Source: UNPD 2013.
Source: UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation 2013.
CHILD ANTHROPOMETRY
PREVALENCE OF
UNDER-5 STUNTING (%)
CHILD ANTHROPOMETRY
Number of children under 5 affected (000)
Stunting a
1,055
2007
Wasting a
238
2007
1,085
2007
Overweight a
CHANGES IN STUNTING PREVALENCE OVER TIME, BY WEALTH QUINTILE
Wealthiest
Second wealthiest
Middle
Second poorest
Poorest
19
14
Percentage of children under 5 affected
Wasting a
2
2007
Severe wasting a
0
2007
Overweight a
7
2007
Low birth weight b
8
2010
Sources: a UNICEF/WHO/WB 2014; b UNICEF 2014.
1996
7
5
1989
1996
10
Source: UNICEF/WHO/WB 2014.
15
20
25
Mean prevalence of stunting (%)
2007
Source: DHS surveys 1990−2011 adapted from Bredenkamp et al. 2014.
ADOLESCENT AND ADULT NUTRITION STATUS
ADOLESCENT AND ADULT ANTHROPOMETRY (% POPULATION)
MICRONUTRIENT STATUS OF POPULATION
Adolescent overweight a
NA
NA
Adolescent obesity a
NA
NA
Women of reproductive age, thinness 6
2008
Women of reproductive age, short stature b
4
2008
b
Women of reproductive age with anemia a
Total population affected (000)
20
2011
13
NA
Risk of adverse health consequences (iodine-induced
hyperthyroidism, auto-immune
thyroid diseases)
2000
Total population affected (%)
Population classification of iodine nutrition
(age group 6–12) c
METABOLIC RISK FACTORS FOR DIET-RELATED
NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASES, 2008 (%)
Raised blood glucose
2011
Vitamin A deficiency in preschool-age children (%) b
Sources: a WHO 2014; b DHS 2014.
Note: NA = not available.
Raised blood pressure
10,638
Sources: a Stevens et al. 2013; b WHO 2009; c WHO 2004.
Note: NA = not available.
Raised blood cholesterol
PREVALENCE OF ADULT OVERWEIGHT AND OBESITY, 2008 (%)
44
42
Overweight (BMI ≥ 25)
48
44
44
37
53
Female
22
52
Male
10
10
17
10
54
Both sexes
Both sexes
Male
Obesity (BMI ≥ 30)
20
Female
Source: WHO 2014.
Note: BMI = body mass index.
Source: WHO 2014.
WORLD HEALTH ASSEMBLY INDICATORS: PROGRESS AGAINST GLOBAL WHA TARGETS
Under-5 stunting
Under-5 wasting, 2007
Under-5 overweight, 2007
WRA anemia, 2011
NA
Currently on course
Currently off course
Currently off course
Source: WHO 2014.
Notes: Currently it is only possible to determine whether a country is on or off course for four of the six WHA targets. The year refers to the most recent data available; on/off-course calculation is based on trend data.
WRA = women of reproductive age. NA = not available.
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Brazil
2014 Nutrition Country Profile
INTERVENTION COVERAGE AND CHILD-FEEDING PRACTICES
CONTINUUM OF CARE (%)
RATE OF EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING
OF INFANTS UNDER 6 MONTHS (%)
INTERVENTION COVERAGE (%)
Antenatal care (4+ visits), 2009 a
Severe acute malnutrition, geographic coverage a
NA
Vitamin A supplementation, full coverage NA
NA
Children under 5 with diarrhea receiving ORS b
44
1996
Immunization coverage, DTP3 b
94
2012
Iodized salt consumption b
NA
b
91
Skilled attendant at birth, 2006 a
41
40
97
Initiation of breastfeeding within 1 hour after birth, 2008 a
68
NA
NA
Sources: UNICEF/Coverage Monitoring Network/ACF International 2012; UNICEF 2014.
Notes: ORS = oral rehydration salts; DTP3 = 3 doses of combined diphtheria/tetanus/
pertussis vaccine. NA = not available.
a
Continued breastfeeding at 1 year, 2006 a
50
b
INFANT AND YOUNG-CHILD FEEDING PRACTICES (% 6–23 MONTHS)
Unmet need for family planning, 2006 b
6
2006
2008
NA
NA
Minimum dietary diversity
NA
NA
Source: DHS.
Note: NA = not available.
Source: UNICEF 2014.
Sources: a UNICEF 2014; b UNPD 2014.
Minimum acceptable diet
UNDERLYING DETERMINANTS
FOOD SUPPLY
GENDER-RELATED DETERMINANTS
Available calories
from nonstaples (%):
data for 1991, 2000,
2009
Undernourishment (%):
data for 1991, 2000,
2010, 2014
65
61
Availability of fruits and
vegetables (grams):
data for 1990, 2000,
2010, 2011
66
498
530
15
13
1991
Gender Inequality Index (country rank) b
1996
0.441
2013
85
2013
FEMALE SECONDARY
EDUCATION ENROLLMENT (%)
POPULATION DENSITY OF HEALTH WORKERS
PER 1,000 PEOPLE
7
2000
Gender Inequality Index (score*) b
16
Sources: a UNICEF 2014; b UNDP 2014.
Note: *0 = low inequality, 1 = high inequality.
403
341
Early childbearing: births by age 18 (%) a
2010
Physicians
1.891
2013
Nurses and midwives
7.601
2013
NA
NA
Community health workers
2014
Data not available
Source: WHO 2014.
Note: NA = not available.
Source: FAOSTAT 2014.
Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics 2014.
GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES (%)
IMPROVED DRINKING WATER COVERAGE (%)
Piped on premises
Other improved
4
8
10
Unimproved
Surface water
1 2
2 5
5
7
78
86
92
1990
2000
2012
Source: WHO/UNICEF JMP 2014.
IMPROVED SANITATION COVERAGE (%)
Improved facilities
Shared facilities
Health
Education
Unimproved facilities
Open defecation
Social protection
Agriculture
2.7
2.2
45.8
48.0
8.4
8.7
8.1
7.0
2000
2010
3
14
1
17
16
1
9
15
1
67
75
81
1990
2000
2012
0.9
6.0
4.0
1.5
1990
Source: WHO/UNICEF JMP 2014.
2012
Source: IFPRI 2014.
FINANCIAL RESOURCES AND POLICY, LEGISLATION, AND INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS
SCALING UP NUTRITION (SUN) COUNTRY
INSTITUTIONAL TRANSFORMATIONS, 2014 (%)
POLICY AND LEGISLATIVE PROVISIONS
National implementation of the International
Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes a
Law
2014
Extent of constitutional right to food High
2003
Maternity protection (Convention 183) c
Yes
2011
Mandatory
2002
Rank: 16/83
2012–
2015
b
Data not available
Wheat fortification legislation d
Undernutrition mentioned in national development plans and economic growth strategies e
Sources: a UNICEF 2014; b FAO 2003; c ILO 2013; d FFI 2014; e IDS 2014.
AVAILABILITY AND STAGE OF
IMPLEMENTATION OF GUIDELINES/
PROTOCOLS/STANDARDS FOR THE
MANAGEMENT OF NCDs
Diabetes
Available, fully
implemented
2010
Hypertension
Available, fully
implemented
2010
Source: WHO 2014.
Note: NCDs = noncommunicable diseases.
Source: SUN 2014.
For complete source information: www.Globalnutritionreport.org/about/technical-notes.
© 2014 International Food Policy Research Institute
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