saqarTvelos sajaro moxeleTa profesiuli SesaZleblobebis zrda
gadawyvetilebis miRebasa da molaparakebebis warmarTvis teqnikaSi
CAPACITY‐BUILDING OF THE GEORGIAN LEADERSHIP COMMUNITY FOR IMPROVED DECISION‐MAKING AND NEGOTIATION SKILLS winamdebare gamocemaSi warmodgenili politikis dokumentebi
Seiqmna proeqtis _ `saqarTvelos sajaro moxeleTa profesiuli
SesaZleblobebis zrda gadawyvetilebis miRebasa da
molaparakebebis warmarTvis teqnikaSi~ _ farglebSi. yvela
dokuments Tan axlavs reziume inglisur enaze, sadac mokled aris
gadmocemuli ZiriTadi daskvnebi.
The Public Policy Paper Series 2011 includes six policy documents
developed within the Capacity-Building of the Georgian Leadership
Community (CBGL) project. The English-language version of each policy
paper summary can be found at the end of the publication.
proeqti xorcieldeba SvedeTis saerTaSoriso
ganviTarebis saagentos finansuri mxardaWeriT
The Project is funded by the Swedish International Development
Agency
samecniero xelmZRvanelebi: arCil gegeSiZe
vladimer papava
aleqsandre rondeli
Mentors:
Archil Gegeshidze
Vladimer Papava
Alexander Rondeli
redaqtori:
rusudan margiSvili
Editor:
Rusudan Margishvili
teqnikuri redaqtori:
artem meliq-nubarovi
Technical Editor:
Artem Melik-Nubarov
saavtoro uflebebi daculia da ekuTvnis saqarTvelos strategiisa da saerTaSoriso
urTierTobebis kvlevis fonds. werilobiTi nebarTvis gareSe wignis arc erTi nawili ar SeiZleba
gadaibeWdos nebismieri, maT Soris, eleqtronuli an meqanikuri formiT.
© saqarTvelos strategiisa da saerTaSoriso
urTierTobaTa kvlevis fondi 2011 weli
All rights reserved and belong to Georgian Foundation for Strategic and International Studies. No part of this publication may be
reproduced in any form, including electronic and mechanical, without the prior written permission of the publisher
Copyright © 2011 Georgian Foundation for Strategic and International Studies proeqtis Sesaxeb
programa ,,saqarTvelos sajaro moxeleTa profesiuli SesaZleblobebis zrda
gadawyvetilebis miRebasa da molaparakebebis warmarTvis teqnikaSi”
miznad isaxavs
daexmaros saqarTvelos mTavrobas marTvis sferoSi arsebuli problemebis daZlevaSi.
proeqti iTvaliswinebs saSualo rgolis sajaro moxeleTa da samoqalaqo sazogadoebis
warmomadgenelTa CarTvas politikis SemuSavebisa da molaparakebis warmarTvis teqnikis
dasaxvew praqtikul mecadineobebSi. es mecadineobebi moicavs ara marto Tanamedrove
midgomebis danergvas qarTul sajaro administraciasa da sajaro politikaSi, aramed
saxelmwifoebrivi mniSvnelobis sakiTxebze sajaro politikis dokumentebis SemuSavebas.
proeqti aseve xels Seuwyobs qarTvel sajaro moxeleTaTvis marTvis Tanamedrove
midgomebis Sesaxeb codnis, praqtikisa da unarebis gacnobas.
programas afinansebs SvedeTis saerTaSoriso ganviTarebis saagento (SIDA) da
axorcielebs saqarTvelos strategiisa da saerTaSoriso urTierTobebis kvlevis fondi
(GFSIS). am proeqtis farglebSi GFSIS -is ZiriTadi partniorebi arian SvedeTis sajaro
administraciis instituti (SIPU International) da estoneTis diplomatiis skola (EDK).
programa xels uwyobs sajaro mmarTvelobis kulturis Camoyalibebas, romelic aris
angariSvaldebuli da iTvaliswinebs qarTuli sazogadoebis saWiroebebs. garda amisa,
programa miznad isaxavs gadawyvetilebis miRebis sferoSi qarTuli mmarTvelobis
SesaZleblobebis gaZlierebas, rom gadawyvetilebis miRebis procesi gaxdes ufro
gamWvirvale da iyos moqnili garemoebaTa cvlilebis Sesabamisad. programa aseve moicavs
saqarTvelos saxelmwifo seqtorebsa da organizaciebs Soris TanamSromlobis
gaumjobesebas da saxelmwifo moxeleTa SesaZleblobebis gazrdas, raTa saqarTvelo ukeT
warmoCndes
saerTaSoriso
doneze
sxva
saxelmwifoebTan
Tu
saerTaSoriso
organizaciebTan urTierTobisas.
programa xorcieldeba oTxi wlis manZilze (2009-2013 ww.) da Sedgeba Semdegi oTxi
komponentisgan:
sajaro moxeleTa profesiuli momzadeba politikis analizisa da molaparakebebis teqnikaSi.
konkursis gziT SerCeul qarTvel sajaro moxeleebs qarTveli, estoneli da Svedi
eqspertebi eqvsi Tvis ganmavlobaSi Cautareben mecadineobas sajaro politikis analizisa
da molaparakebis teqnikis Sesaswavlad. amasTan, monawileebi SeimuSaveben politikis
dokuments qveynisaTvis aqtualur sakiTxebze. am procesSi maT uxelmZRvaneleben GFSISis eqspertebi. politikis dokumentebis dasrulebis Semdeg moxdeba maTi sajaro ganxilva
da xuTi saukeTeso naSromi gamoicema. programis am komponents daasrulebs saswavlogacnobiTi viziti estoneTSi. programis farglebSi swavlebis kurss gaivlis sajaro
moxeleTa xuTi jgufi/nakadi. TiToeul jgufSi iqneba daaxloebiT ocdaxuTi monawile.
trenerTa momzadebis (ToT) komponentis farglebSi qarTveli specialistebi qarTul enaze
SeimuSaveben saswavlo programebsa da saswavlo masalebs sajaro administraciis,
molaparakebis teqnikis, genderisa da mravalferovnebis, xarjTsargeblianobis, proeqtis
marTvisa da Sefasebis sferoebSi. dagegmilia programis bolo ori nakadisTvis swavlebis
qarTul enaze Catareba.
adamianuri resursebis marTvis komponenti moicavs qarTul sajaro samsaxurSi adamianuri
resursebis marTvaSi CarTul profesionalTa Soris Tanamedrove praqtikis danergvis
xelSewyobas. am komponentis meore amocanaa adamianuri resursebis marTvis sferoSi
maRalkvalificiuri swavlebisaTvis adgilobrivi SesaZleblobebis gazrda.
sajaro politikis qseli miznad isaxavs sajaro politikis sferoSi samTavrobo
struqturebis
warmomadgenlebsa
da
samoqalaqo
sazogadoebas
Soris
aqtiur
TanamSromlobas da informaciis gaziarebas proeqtis vebgverdis Seqmnisa da
kursdamTavrebulTa prfesiuli qselis Camoyalibebis gziT.
ABOUT THE PROJECT
“Capacity-building of the Georgian Leadership Community for Improved Decision-making and
Negotiation Skills” is designed to assist the Georgian government in addressing its governance
challenges. This multi-component initiative aims to introduce and reinforce modern management skill
sets, proficiency and practice among Georgian public officials. The project engages directly with
middle level public servants and civil-society representatives through practical in-service training in
policy development and negotiation techniques. Apart modernization of the Georgian public
administration and public policymaking, the project activities seek to deliver actionable policy
documents on the issues of national importance. The project activities and the policy initiatives will
be consistent with and supportive of principles of gender and diversity equality.
The program is funded by the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA). The Georgian
Foundation for Strategic and International Studies (GFSIS), along with its principal partners - the
Swedish Institute for Public Administration (SIPU International) and the Estonian School of
Diplomacy (ESD), is the main implementer of the program.
The program will promote a likeminded leadership culture that is accountable and oriented to meeting
the needs of the Georgian society. Furthermore, the program aims at strengthening the Georgian
government capacity in decision-making, as well as increasing its transparency and flexibility in
responding to the changing circumstances.
In addition, this initiative intends to improve
organizational cooperation among the Georgian public sectors and the country’s interaction with other
states and international organizations.
The program, which will be implemented during four years (2009 – 2013), includes the following
components:
Training for government officials in policy and negotiation techniques - Selected Georgian public
servants will complete an eight-month intensive training program in public administration, policy
planning and negotiation techniques. Georgian, Swedish and Estonian experts will conduct the
training. Furthermore, under the guidance of GFSIS mentors, the participants will work on the issues
pertinent to the country development policy. The training will be followed by a public discussion of
the policy papers and a study visit to Estonia. The best five papers will be published in Georgian and
in English. There will be five training groups in total with approximately 25 participants in each
group.
The training of trainers (ToT) component - Through the project's training of trainers (ToT)
component, Georgian professionals will develop the Policy and Negotiations Training Program
curriculum and teaching materials in Georgian. Topics covered under this training include Public
Administration, Public Policy Planning, Negotiation Techniques, Gender and Diversity, Cost Benefit
Analysis, Project Management/Change Management and Program Evaluation. Under the project
framework, professional training programs will be implemented in the above listed fields for Georgian
government employees and civil society representatives in the Georgian language.
Professional development training for HR managers - The project's HR component aims to provide
knowledge in modern Human Resources Management (HRM) practices among Georgian HRmanagers within line ministries and other governmental agencies. A second objective of the
component is to build domestic capacity to deliver high quality training in HRM. The component will
include needs-based training sessions on professional development and a study visit to Sweden.
A knowledge and resource sharing component - This component is aimed to promote greater
communication, knowledge sharing, consultation and collaboration among public-policy stakeholders
across the Government of Georgia and civil society through establishing a project's website and
organizing number of alumni retreats.
janmrTelobis dacvis RonisZiebebis gaZliereba
Tbilisi-senaki-leseliZis saavtomobilo magistralze
giorgi buTxuzi
direqtori, Sida auditis departamenti saqarTvelos Sromis,
janmrTelobisa da socialuri dacvis saministro
reziume
saqarTvelos mdebareobidan gamomdinare, sul ufro mniSvnelovani xdeba misi,
rogorc
satransporto derefnis, datvirTva. amis
gaTvaliswinebiT, saqarTvelos
mTavroba msoflio bankis mxardaWeriT 2006 wlidan axorcielebs Tbilisi-senakileseliZis
saavtomobilo
gzis
mSeneblobas.
gzis
garkveuli
monakveTi
ukve
eqspluataciaSia da misi saSualebiT gadaadgileba SeuZlia rogorc saqarTvelos
sazRvrebSi moZrav, ise saqarTveloSi tranzitiT myof avtosatransporto saSualebebs.
saavtomobilo magistralis sigrZis zrdasTan erTad izrdeba misi saerTaSoriso
mniSvnelobac, rasac Sedegad mosdevs avtosatransporto saSualebebis ricxvis zrdac.
am
faqtorebis
gaTvaliswinebiT,
gansakuTrebiT
mniSvnelovania
avtomagistralze
usafrTxoebisa da avariis Sedegad daSavebulTa janmrTelobis dacvis RonisZiebebis
gaZliereba.
avariebis prevenciul RonisZiebebSi Sedis rogorc gzis safaris saerTaSoriso
standartebiT
dageba,
ise
saavtomobilo
gadaadgilebis
sagangebo
normebisa
da
regulaciebis danergva. am samuSaoebs axorcielebs saqarTvelos infrastruqturisa da
regionaluri
ganviTarebis
saministros
saavtomobilo
gzebis
departamenti
da
saqarTvelos Sinagan saqmeTa saministros sapatrulo policiis departamenti.
miuxedavad zemoT aRniSnuli am ori uwyebis Zalisxmevisa, avtomagistralze
srulad ver xerxdeba avariebis Tavidan acileba, amasTan, SemaSfoTebelia am avariebis
Sedegad daSavebulTa mdgomareobis simZime da letaluri Sedegebis simravle.
winamdebare
politikis
dokumentis
mizania
Tbilisi-senaki-leseliZis
saavtomobilo magistralze avariebis Sedegad daSavebulTaTvis janmrTelobis dacvis
RonisZiebebis gaZlierebisken mimarTuli moqmedebebis dasaxva.
problemis
kvleva
dafuZnebulia
2010
wlis
ganmavlobaSi
Tbilisi-senaki-
leseliZis avtomagistralze avtosagzao SemTxvevebisa da maTi Sedegebis statistikis
analizze. statistikuri monacemebis Segrovebisas davicaviT genderuli principi, anu
dokumentSi warmodgenili avariebis Sedegad daSavebulTa saerTo monacemebi iZleva
mamakacebis, qalebisa (maT Soris orsulebis) da bavSvebis raodenobrivi maCveneblebis
identifikaciis saSualebas.
dokumentSi ganxilulia problemis gadaWris ramdenime alternatiuli gza.
gasaTvaliswinebelia,
5
rom
problemis
gadawyvetaSi
mniSvnelovan
rols
TamaSobs
saavtomobilo avariebis Sedegad daSavebulTaTvis gadaudebeli daxmarebis adgilze
gawevisa da, saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi, samkurnalo dawesebulebaSi gadayvanis siswrafe da
xarisxi, risi uzrunvelyofac ver xerxdeba saTanado doneze, magistralis mimdebare
raionebis
gadaudebeli
daxmarebis
samsaxurebis
da
samedicino
infrastruqturis
SesaZleblobebidan gamomdinare.
problemis gamomwvevi mizezebis da misi gadaWrisken mimarTuli RonisZiebebis
moTxovnebis gaTvaliswinebiT, warmodgenili alternativebidan maqsimaluri Sedegis
miRwevis TvalsazrisiT gamoirCeva saqarTveloSi moqmedi katastrofis centrebis
kontraqtireba, raTa maT uzrunvelyon avtomagistralze katastrofis brigadebis
sadReRamiso patrulireba saamisod aRWurvili specialuri saavtomobilo saSualebebiT
(reanimobilebiT). aseTi RonisZieba gamoirCeva dabali RirebulebiT, administrirebis
simartiviT da maqsimaluri Sedegis miRwevis SesaZleblobiT.
Sesavali
saqarTvelo
warmoadgens
evropa-aziis
damakavSirebel
mniSvnelovan
satransporto derefans da amdenad, satransporto infrastruqturis ganviTareba
qveynisTvis erovnuli prioritetia. amis gaTvaliswinebiT, saqarTvelos mTavrobam
sTxova
msoflio
banks
xelSewyoba
aRmosavleT-dasavreT
satransporto
derefnis
modernizaciaSi.
proeqtis Sesabamisad, msoflio bankis xelSewyobiT 2006 wels daiwyo Tbilisisenaki-leseliZis avtomagistralis mSenebloba, romlis dasruleba, gare faqtorebis
zemoqmedebis gaTvaliswinebiT, savaraudod daaxloebiT 2016 wlisTvisaa dagegmili.
avtomagistralis saerTo sigrZem unda Seadginos 380 km, saidanac 2010 wlis bolosTvis
aSenebulia 70 km, anu mTeli proeqtis daaxloebiT 20%.
avtomagistralze
avtosatransporto
saSualebebis
calmxrivi
nakadiT
gadaadgilebam da magistralis safaris xarisxma Seamcira avtosagzao SemTxvevebis
ricxvi, magram warmoqmna gadaWarbebuli siswrafiT gadaadgilebis saSualeba. xolo
gadaWarbebuli siCqariT moZravi avtosatransporto saSualebiT avariis moxdenis
SemTxvevaSi izrdeba daSavebulTa simZimis xarisxi da, Sesabamisad, maTi sicocxlisTvis
Seqmnili safrTxe. winamdebare naSromSi mocemuli problemis kvleva emyareba Tbilisisenaki-leseliZis avtomagistralze 2010 wlis ganmavlobaSi momxdari saavtomobilo
avariebis,
maT
dawesebulebebSi
Sedegad
saswrafo
gadayvanili
daxmarebis
pacientebisa
da
samsaxurebis
letaluri
mier
samkurnalo
Sedegebis
raodenobis
statistikuri monacemebis analizsa da mZime Sedegis Tavidan acilebisken mimarTuli
RonisZiebebis efeqtianobisa da Sedegianobis Sefasebas. kvlevis safuZvlad avirCieT
2010 wlis monacemebi, radgan
niSnuls,
romelic
iZleva
avtomagistralis sigrZem dReisaTvis ukve miaRwia im
statistikuri
monacemebis
analizisa
da
problemis
6
aRmofxvrisken mimarTuli RonisZiebebis dasaxvis saSualebas. aqve aRsaniSnavia, rom
dokumentSi warmodgenili problemis gadaWris alternativebis adresatia saqarTvelos
Sromis, janmrTelobisa da socialuri dacvis saministro, Sesabamisad, aq ar aris
gaTvaliswinebuli
ZiriTadi
avtomagistralze
yuradReba
sagzao
gamaxvilebulia
SemTxvevebis
mxolod
prevenciuli
daSavebulTa
zomebi
sicocxlisa
da
da
janmrTelobis dacvisken mimarTul RonisZiebebze.
problema
mwvavea,
radgan,
magaliTad,
Tbilisi-senaki-leseliZis
avtomagistralis mxolod 20%-is eqspluataciis pirobebSic ki 2010 wlis ganmavlobaSi
momxdari
434
avtosagzao
SemTxvevis
Sedegad,
miuxedavad
331
daSavebulisTvis
gadaudebeli daxmarebis samsaxurebis mier adgilze gaweuli daxmarebisa da samkurnalo
dawesebulebaSi gadayvanisa, dafiqsirda 40 letaluri SemTxveva (gadaudebel daxmarebas
an/da samkurnalo dawesebulebaSi gadayvanas eqvemdebarebian mxolod is pacientebi,
romelTac aqvT sicocxlis niSnebi), rac daSavebulTa saerTo ricxvis daaxloebiT 15%-s
warmoadgens. gasaTvaliswinebelia, rom gori-xaSuris monakveTze, xaSurisa da kaspis
saswrafo
daxmarebis
samsaxurebisa
da
samkurnalo
dawesebulebebis
monacemebiT,
gardaicvala 16 adamiani. problemis gamomwvev mizezebs emateba avtomagistralis
mimdebare raionebis saswrafo daxmarebis samsaxurebis arasakmarisi materialuri baza
da is manZili, romelic am samsaxurebs aSorebs avtomagistralisgan, ris gamoc
SemTxvevis adgilze misvla met dros moiTxovs.
avtomagistralis saerTaSoriso mniSvnelobidan gamomdinare, misi sigrZis matebis
pirobebSi
da
zemoT
miTiTebuli
statistikis
gaTvaliswinebiT,
avtotransportis
nakadis zrdasTan erTad gasaTvaliswinebelia avariebis raodenobis zrdis tendenciebi.
yovelive
kompleqsis
zemoaRniSnulidan
Camoyalibeba,
avtomagistralze
gamomdinare,
romelic
saavtomobilo
xels
avariebis
Cveni
mizania
Seuwyobs
Sedegad
im
RonisZiebaTa
Tbilisi-senaki-leseliZis
daSavebulTa
sicocxlisa
da
janmrTelobis dacvas da letaluri SemTxvevebis ricxvis Semcirebas.
problemis aRwera
Cven mier warmodgenili problema SeiZleba davyoT Semdeg komponentebad:
magistralze avtosagzao moZraobis usafrTxoeba da saamisod arsebuli standartebisa
da wesebis dacva, avtomagistralis mimdebare raionebSi samedicino infrastruqturis
mdgomareoba
da
SesaZleblobebi,
stacionarul
samedicino
dawesebulebebsa
da
avtomagistrals Soris arsebuli manZili. qvemoT ganvixilavT TiToeul maTgans.
Tbilisi-senaki-leseliZis
saavtomobilo
magistralis
daproeqteba
da
ageba
mimdinareobs saerTaSoriso doneze aRiarebuli sagzao usafrTxoebis standartebis
Sesabamisad,
anu
avtomagistralis
gaTvaliswinebulia
sigane,
avtosagzao
aRmarTebisa
aucilebeli optimaluri kuTxis dacviT).
7
da
safaris
mosaxvevebis
xarisxi,
safaris
konstruqcia
sisqe,
(saamisod
aRniSnuli standartebis dacvis mudmiv kontrols axorcielebs saqarTvelos
infrastruqturis da regionaluri ganviTarebis saministros saavtomobilo gzebis
departamenti.1
mgzavrTa usafrTxoebis uzrunvelyofis mizniT, avtomagistralis xarisxisa da
mSeneblobisas gaTvaliswinebuli standartebis garda,
sxvadasxva
wesi,
magaliTad,
gzis
garkveul
SemuSavebulia gadaadgilebis
monakveTebze
limitirebuli
siCqare,
avtomagistralze ganTavsebuli saTvalTvalo videokamerebi, aseve saqarTvelos mTel
teritoriaze moqmedi avtosagzao moZraobis zogadi wesebi.
avtomagistraliT
uzrunvelyofs
mosargebleTa
saqarTvelos
Sinagan
mxridan
saqmeTa
aRniSnuli
saministros
wesebis
sapatrulo
dacvas
policiis
departamenti.2
miuxedavad
mgzavrTa
usafrTxo
gadaadgilebisken
mimarTuli
zemoT
warmodgenili RonisZiebebisa, 2010 wlis avtosagzao SemTxvevaTa statistikis mixedviT,
Tbilisi-senaki-leseliZis
avtomagistralis
eqspluataciaSi
arsebul
monakveTze,
romelic Seadgens magistralis sruli sigrZis mxolod 20 procents, moxda 434
avtosagzao SemTxveva, saidanac 148 SemTxvevaSi avariaSi daSavda
SemTxvevaSi _ qali, maT Soris _ 8 fexmZime, aseve _ 29 bavSvi.
mamakaci, xolo 154
3
warmodgenili monacemebi sakmaod sagangaSoa (daaxloebiT erTi SemTxveva dReSi)
da
ZiriTadad
gamowveulia
daumorCileblobiTa
da
gadaWarbebuli siCqaris
Sedegebi
_
siCqaris
gamo
janmrTelobis
dazianebebi
da
drouli
pasuxismgebloba
ekisreba
centrebs,
im
aseve
gadaWarbebiT.
aqve
avtoavarias umetes
mZime
letaluri
daSavebulTaTvis
avtosatransporto
an
da
ki.
xarisxiani
gadaudebeli
stacionarul
mZime,
mohyveba
did
gadaudebeli
daxmarebis
samedicino
mniSvnelobas
samsaxurebs
dawesebulebebs,
rom
savalalo
sicocxlisTvis
Sesabamisad,
daxmarebis
wesebis
gasaTvaliswinebelia,
SemTxvevaSi
gansakuTrebiT
Sedegic
saSualebebis
saSiSi
iZens
aRmoCena.
es
da
katastrofis
sadac
ganaTavseben
pacientebs.4
dRevandeli mdgomareobiT Tbilisi-senaki-leseliZis avtomagistralis mimdebare
raionebis
saswrafo
daxmarebis
samsaxurebi
samarTlebrivi
formiT
warmoadgenen
SezRuduli pasuxismgeblobis sazogadoebebs, romlebic imyofebian TviTdafinansebaze
an/da
saxelmwifo
programis
an
saxelSekrulebo
valdebulebebis
safuZvelze
saxelmwifo biujetidan iReben saamisod gaTvaliswinebul Tanxebsa da aRWurvilobas.
1
saqarTvelos infrastruqturis da regionaluri ganviTarebis saministros saavtomobilo gzebis departamentis
vebgverdi http://georoad.ge/?que=geo/projects&info=947. 2
saqarTvelos
Sinagan
saqmeTa
saministros
sapatrulo
policiis
departamentis
http://police.ge/index.php?m=213 da interviu sapatrulo policiis maior vaxtang qaraiasTan. vebgverdi
3
mcxeTis, kaspis, goris, qarelis da xaSuris saswrafo daxmarebis samsaxurebis monacemebi.
4
interviu saqarTvelos Sromis, janmrTelobis da socialuri dacvis saministros sagangebo situaciebis marTvis
da reJimis departamentis ufrosTan zurab utiaSvilTan.
8
unda aRiniSnos, rom am samsaxurebis materialur-teqnikuri baza ZiriTad SemTxvevebSi
ar akmayofilebs im standartebs, rac aucilebelia mZime da gansakuTrebiT mZime
mdgomareobaSi myofi pacientebisTvis saTanado daxmarebis gasawevad _
gaumarTavia
saswrafo daxmarebis specialuri avtosatransporto saSualebebi, deficitia rogorc
samedicino inventaris, ise preparatebisa da sxva damxmare saSualebebis mxriv. garda
raionis saswrafo daxmarebis samsaxurebisa, avtomagistralze daSavebulebs gadaudebel
daxmarebas uweven katastrofis samsaxurebi, romelTac, marTalia, aqvT saTanado
materialur-teqnikuri baza, magram radgan maTi mudmivi ganTavsebis adgili TbilisSia
da avtoavariis adgilamde maTi misvla moiTxovs did dros, amdenad, safrTxe, romelic
emuqreba pacientebis sicocxlesa da janmrTelobas, mainc didia. aseve aRsaniSnavia
raionebSi arsebuli stacionaruli samedicino dawesebulebebis aradamakmayofilebeli
mdgomareoba. xSirad daSavebulTa simZime moiTxovs stacionarul mkurnalobas da dgeba
maTi
Sesabamis
dawesebulebebSi
avtomagistralis
mimdebare
gadayvanis
raionebSi
aucilebloba,
arsebuli
magram
dResdReobiT
stacionaruli
samedicino
dawesebulebebi iseve, rogorc saswrafo daxmarebis samsaxurebi, mwiri da moZvelebuli
materialur-teqnikuri bazis gamo, ar iZleva pacientTaTvis xarisxiani daxmarebis
gawevis
saSualebas,
Sesabamisad,
pacientebis
gadayvana
xorcieldeba
goris
an/da
Tbilisis samedicino dawesebulebebSi, rac aseve moiTxovs damatebiT dros da safrTxes
uqmnis daSavebulTa janmrTelobas.
samedicino
gaTvaliswinebiT,
daSavebulTa
sferoSi
arsebuli
sayuradReboa
statistikuri
2010
zemoT
wlis
monacemebi,
warmodgenili
avtosagzao
kerZod,
mdgomareobis
SemTxvevebis
avtomagistralis
Sedegad
eqspluataciaSi
arsebul monakveTze, romlis sigrZe Seadgens mxolod 70 km-s, momxdar 434 avtoavariaSi
daSavda 331 piri, aqedan 40 SemTxveva damTavrda letaluri SedegiT, gardacvlilTa
Soris 25 mamakacia, 7 _ qali (maT Soris arc erTi fexmZime) da 8 _ bavSvi, rac
warmoadgens daSavebulTa saerTo ricxvis daaxloebiT 15 procents (avariebis 90
procentis
SemTxvevaSi
avtomanqanas
marTavda
mamakaci).
unda
aRiniSnos,
rom
saqarTveloSi Cqarosnul magistralze avtosagzao SemTxvevebis genderuli kvleva ar
aris ganxorcielebuli, Sesabamisad, zustad ar SeiZleba dasaxeldes mamakacTa da qalTa
sikvdilianobis statistikebs Soris sxvaobis mizezebi. magram Tu gaviTvaliswinebT
sazRvargareT
araerTgvarovani
Catarebuli
kvlevebis
damokidebulebaa,
Sedegebs,
SegviZlia
sadac
davasaxeloT
am
sakiTxis
gardacvlilTa
mimarT
Soris
mamakacTa sikvdilianobis upiratesobis ori ZiriTadi mizezi, rac ganpirobebulia
mamakacTaTvis damaxasiaTebeli maCveneblebiT, _ avtomanqanis SedarebiT agresiulad
marTva da Sor manZilebze gadaadgileba.5
5
“Age, Gender Major Factors In Severity Of Auto-Accident Injuries,” http://sciencedaily.com/releases/2007/01/070105074534.htm (07.01.2007).; Leon James. “Gender
Differences in Driving: Does Sex Matter.” University of Hawaii, http://drdriving.org/surveys/surv1_usacanada_menwomen.htm (11.07.2007).
9
am sagangaSo statistikis gaTvaliswinebiT yuradsaRebia aseve is faqtorebi,
romlebic mniSvnelovnad moqmedebs problemaze da zrdis rogorc mis simwvaves, ise
masStabs. aseT faqtorebs ganekuTvneba Tbilisi-senaki-leseliZis avtomagistralis
sidide da saerTaSoriso mniSvneloba. magistralis srul eqspluataciaSi Sesvlis
momentisTvis misma sigrZem unda Seadginos daaxloebiT 380 km da igi unda gaxdes
evropisa da aziis damakavSirebeli mniSvnelovani gza. Sesabamisad, mniSvnelovnad
gaizrdeba avtosatransporto saSualebaTa nakadi da unda vivaraudoT avtoavariebis
ricxvis
proporciuli
saqarTvelo
da
mniSvnelovani
jandacviTi
matebac.
sakuTriv
dakvirvebis
RonisZiebebis
saerTaSoriso
avtomagistrali
sagani,
ris
gaxdeba
gamoc
ugulebelyofa,
mniSvnelobis
SeZenasTan
saerTaSoriso
dauSvebelia
romlebic
erTad
sazogadoebis
masze
maRali
avtoavariebis
donis
genderuli
statistikis gaTvaliswinebiT unda akmayofilebdes rogorc mamakacebis, aseve qalebis,
fexmZime qalebis da bavSvebis momsaxureobis moTxovnebs.
garda
zemoT
miTiTebuli
faqtorebisa,
agreTve
gasaTvaliswinebelia
avtomagistraliT mosargeble saqarTvelos moqalaqeTa damokidebuleba. avtoavariis
mZime
an/da
gansakuTrebiT
mZime
Sedegebis
gaTvaliswinebiT,
roca
ar
xdeba
daSavebulTaTvis drouli da xarisxiani jandacviTi momsaxurebis gaweva, mosaxleobas
uCndeba daucvelobis grZnoba da, Sesabamisad, ukmayofileba, rac Sedegad iwvevs
undoblobas saxelmwifos jandacvis sistemisa da zogadad xelisuflebis mimarT da
uaryofiTad aisaxeba qveynis socialuri fonis stabilurobaze.
dReisaTvis am problemis mimarT midgoma gamoixateba sadazRvevo kompaniebis mier
raionebSi stacionaruli dawesebulebebis mSeneblobiT, ramac unda mogvces adgilze
xarisxiani samedicino daxmarebis miwodebis SesaZlebloba. es marTlac mniSvnelovnad
daexmareba problemas samedicino dawesebulebebis komponentSi, magram mxedvelobaSia
misaRebi
aseTi
tipis
dawesebulebebis
siSore
avtomagistralidan.
Sesabamisad,
aranaklebi, Tu ara gadamwyveti, mniSvneloba aqvs saswrafo daxmarebis sistemis
gamarTulobas,
romlis
daxmareba
saWiroebisamebr
da
saSualebiTac uSualod
pacienti
SemTxvevis adgilze
gadahyavT
stacionarul
xorcieldeba
dawesebulebaSi,
romelic, rogorc zemoT aRvniSneT, moSorebiTaa ganTavsebuli. aqve unda iTqvas, rom
problemis
am
komponentis
mimarT
ar
aris
Camoyalibebuli
raime
gamokveTili
damokidebuleba, rac, Sesabamisad, amwvavebs problemas da zrdis mis masStabs.
problemis gadaWris gzebi
(alternativebi)
problemis arsidan gamomdinare, SesaZloa ganvixiloT misi gadawyvetis ramdenime
alternatiuli gza:
10
1. arsebuli mdgomereobis ucvlelad datoveba.
dRevandeli
mdgomareobiT
avtomagistralze avariis SemTxvevaSi daSavebulTaTvis gadaudebeli daxmarebis gawevasa
da samkurnalo dawesebulebaSi gadayvanas axorcieleben mimdebare raionebis saswrafo
daxmarebis samsaxurebi. saswrafo daxmarebis samsaxurebis materialuri bazisa da
avtomagistralidan maTi daSorebis manZilis gaTvaliswinebiT, SemTxvevis adgilze
gamocxadeba ar xorcieldeba swrafad, pacients ar utardeba maRali donis samedicino
daxmareba da, aseve, Tu saWiroeba moiTxovs,
samkurnalo dawesebulebaSi gadayvana ar
xdeba saTanado siswrafiT.
mdgomareobis
ucvlelad
datovebis
SemTxvevaSi,
ar
daixarjeba
damatebiTi
Tanxebi, garda im dotaciebisa da programuli Tanxebisa, romlebsac saxelmwifo isedac
regularulad
mdgomareobis
uricxavs
saswrafo
gaTvaliswinebiT,
daxmarebis
avtomagistralze
samsaxurebs,
situaciis
magram,
arsebuli
gaumjobesebac
ver
moxerxdeba da satransporto saSualebebis raodenobis zrdasTan erTad gaizrdeba
avariis Sedegad daSavebulTa sicocxlisa da janmrTelobisTvis Seqmnili safrTxe.
2. Tbilisi-senaki-leseliZis avtomagistralze stacionaruli samedicino punqtebis
ageba. am alternativis Tanaxmad, avtomagistralis eqspluataciaSi Sesul monakveTze
unda ganTavsdes ori stacionaruli samedicino punqti6, romlebic imuSaveben 24-saaTian
reJimSi da aRWurvili iqnebian pacientisTvis gadaudebeli daxmarebis gawevisa da
mdgomareobis stabilizaciisTvis saWiro saSualebebiT. yovel samedicino punqtSi
imorigevebs samedicino personali da aseve punqtze mimagrebuli iqneba specialuri
avtosatransporto
saSualeba
(gzis
monakveTis
sigrZis
gaTvaliswinebiT
_
sami
7
reanimobili) , romlis daniSnuleba iqneba pacientis transportireba stacionarul
punqtamde da, saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi, samedicino punqtidan samkurnalo dawesebulebaSi
gadayvana.
am
alternativis
realizaciis
Sedegad
samedicino
personali
swrafad
gamocxaddeba SemTxvevis adgilze, swrafad gadaiyvans pacients samedicino punqtSi,
sadac mas saWiroebisamebr Cautardeba samedicino manipulaciebi, xolo mdgomareobis
damZimebis SemTxvevaSi, daSavebuls swrafad gadaiyvanen samkurnalo dawesebulebaSi.
CamoTvlili
mniSvnelovnad
pirobebis
Semcireba
da
gaTvaliswinebiT
daSavebulTa
SesaZlebeli
sicocxlisa
da
iqneba
sikvdilianobis
janmrTelobis
dacvis
pirobebis gaumjobeseba. magram gasaTvaliswinebelia proeqtis xarjebi, rac saWiroa
specialuri satransporto saSualebebis SesaZenad (dasaxuli amocanebidan gamomdinare,
reanimobili unda akmayofilebdes garkveul standartebs da misi Rirebuleba Seadgens
daaxloebiT 100 000 evros), samedicino punqtebis Senobebis asagebad (erTi Senobis
6
interviu saqarTvelos Sromis, janmrTelobis da socialuri dacvis saministros sagangebo situaciebis marTvis
da reJimis departamentis ufrosTan zurab utiaSvilTan. 7
interviu saqarTvelos Sromis, janmrTelobis da socialuri dacvis saministros sagangebo situaciebis marTvis
da reJimis departamentis ufrosTan zurab utiaSvilTan. 11
aSeneba, dRevandeli standartebis gaTvaliswinebiT, specialuri aparaturis SeZeniTa da
montaJiT, moiTxovs daaxloebiT 200 000 evros) da damatebiTi samedicino personalis
mosamzadeblad (rac moiTxovs damatebiT dros da daaxloebiT 6600 lari dajdeba) da
dasasaqmeblad
(personalis
raodenobis
da
kvalifikaciis
saxelfaso
ganakveTis
gaTvaliswinebiT, wliurad daaxloebiT 94000 lari).
3. Tbilisi-senaki-leseliZis avtomagistralze specialurad momzadebuli
katastrofis brigadebis sadReRamiso patrulireba.
aRniSnuli
alternativis
arsi
mdgomareobs imaSi, rom avtomagistralis eqspluataciaSi myof monakveTze, romelic
Seadgens daaxloebiT 70 km-s, sadReRamiso patrulirebas ganaxorcieleben sagangebod
momzadebuli katastrofis brigadebi.
brigadebi
imoZraveben
specialuri
avtosatransporto
saSualebebiT
(reanimobilebiT), romlebic pacientisTvis gadaudebeli daxmarebis SemTxvevis adgilze
gawevis,
mdgomareobis
stabilizaciisa
da
samkurnalo
dawesebulebaSi
usafrTxo
gadayvanis saSualebas iZlevian. gzis monakveTis sigrZis mixedviT, SesaZloa mocemuli
amocana Seasrulos samma aseTma brigadam.
zemoT aRniSnuli specialuri codnis da aRWurvilobis, aseve magistralze
sadReRamiso
patrulirebis
reJimis
Sedegad
avtosagzao
avariis
SemTxvevaSi
katastrofis brigada swrafad gamocxaddeba SemTxvevis adgilze, Cautarebs daSavebuls
maRali xarisxis gadaudebel daxmarebas da, saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi, swrafad gadaiyvans
mas samkurnalo dawesebulebaSi. aseT pirobebSi SesaZlebeli iqneba sikvdilianobis
mniSvnelovnad
Semcireba
da
daSavebulTa
sicocxlisa
da
janmrTelobis
dacvis
pirobebis gaumjobeseba. aqve gasaTvaliswinebelia proeqtis xarjebi, rac, marTalia,
meore alternativasTan SedarebiT naklebia, radgan ar saWiroebs stacionaruli
punqtebis agebas, maT aRWurvasa da iq personalis dasaqmebas, magram katastrofis
reanimobilebis SeZena (daaxloebiT 300 000 evro) da brigadebis personalis momzadeba
(moiTxovs damatebiT dros da Rirs daaxloebiT 3600 lari), aseve maTi wliuri
saxelfaso ganakveTi (daaxloebiT 50 000 lari) mainc SeiZleba CaiTvalos mniSvnelovan
danaxarjad.
4. moqmedi katastrofis centrebis kontraqtireba avtomagistralze sadReRamiso
patrulirebis gansaxorcieleblad. am alternativis Sedegianoba wina alternativis
identuria, vinaidan moqmedi katastrofis centrebi, romlebic warmoadgenen kerZo
samarTlis iuridiul pirebs, aRWurvili arian im specialuri saSualebebiT, rac
saWiroa
Cveni
kvalificiuri
proeqtis
da
gaviTvaliswinoT
ganxorcielebisTvis,
gamocdilia
proeqtis
dasaxuli
SedarebiT
aseve
amocanebis
simartive
maTi
personali
Sesasruleblad.
(igi
ar
saWiroebs
sakmaod
aqve
unda
damatebiTi
saSualebebis Sesyidvebs, mSeneblobas, personalis momzadebas da administrirebas),
swrafad
ganxorcielebis
saSualeba
(daizogeba
personalis
momzadebisTvis
gankuTvnili dro) da Rirebuleba (kontraqtSi Cadebuli momsaxureobis Rirebuleba
12
wina
alternativebTan
SedarebiT
gacilebiT
dabalia
da
wliurad
daaxloebiT
Seadgens 200 000 lars).
yovelive
kontraqtirebis
zemoaRniSnulidan
SemTxvevaSi
gamomdinare,
dasaxuli
miznis
katastrofis
miRweva
centrebis
SesaZlebeli
iqneba
maqsimalurad Semcirebuli danaxarjebiT. amas adasturebs problemis gadawyvetis
alternatiuli gzebis Sedegebis Sefasebis qvemoT warmodgenili matricac, sadac
Sefasebis
kriteriumebi
asaxavs
problemis
gadaWris
gzebis
efeqtianobas
da
infrastruqtura
da
Sedegianobas.
bolo
sami
alternativis
SemTxvevaSi
samedicino
aRWurviloba unda akmayofilebdes avariebis statistikis genderul moTxovnebs, anu
unda iyos gaTvlili rogorc mamakacTa, ise qalTa, maT Soris fexmZimeTa, da bavSvTa
momsaxurebaze.
13
14
3 (300 000 evro)
3. specialurad
momzadebuli
katastrofis
brigadebis
patrulireba
4. katastrofis
centrebis
kontraqtireba
3 (300 000 evro)
specialuri avtotransportis
raodenoba da Rirebuleba
2. samedicino
punqtebis ageba
1. arsebuli
mdgomareobis
ucvlelad datoveba
(arafris keTeba)
alternativebi
Sefasebis
kriteriumebi
damxmare nagebobebis raodenoba
da Rirebuleba
2 (400 000 evro)
damatebiTi samedicino
personalis raodenoba,
momzadebis Rirebuleba, xelfasi
36 (momzadeba 3600
lari) (xelfasi 50
000 lari)
66 (momzadeba 6600
lari) (xelfasi 94
000 lari)
xelSekrulebis Rirebuleba
200 000 lari
proeqtis ganxorcielebis vadebi
1 Tve
1-3 Tve
3-6 Tve
ukve
moqmedebs
adgilze daxmarebis siswrafe
maRali
maRali
maRali
dabali
maRali
maRali
maRali
dabali
adgilze daxmarebis xarisxi
samkurnalo dawesebulebebSi
gadayvanis siswrafe
maRali
maRali
maRali
dabali
problemis gadawyvetis alternatiuli gzebis Sedegebis Sefasebis matrica
dabali
dabali
dabali
maRali
detaluri Sedegebis albaToba
rekomendaciebi
katastrofis
centrebis
kontraqtirebis
gansaxorcieleblad
saWiroa
rigi
proeqti
unda
konkretuli RonisZiebis gatareba:
Sromis,
janmrTelobisa
da
socialuri
dacvis
saministrom
warudginos saqarTvelos mTavrobas, raTa miiRos proeqtis gansaxorcieleblad saWiro
politikuri mxardaWera da Sesabamisi dafinanseba;
moqmedi kanonmdeblobis Sesabamisad, Sromis, janmrTelobisa da socialuri
dacvis saministrosa da katastrofis centrebs Soris unda gaformdes xelSekruleba,
sadac aRniSnuli iqneba rogorc centrebis momsaxureobis Rirebuleba, aseve brigadebis
raodenoba, gadaadgilebis marSrutebi da sxva teqnikuri sakiTxebi.
proeqtSi
avtomagistralze
monawile
katastrofis
patrulirebis
centrebisa
da
ganmaxorcielebeli
Tbilisi-senaki-leseliZis
brigadebis
CarTva
Sromis,
janmrTelobisa da socialuri dacvis saministros sagangebo situaciebis marTvisa da
reJimis departamentis erTian radio-qselSi (qseli amJamad moqmedebs da masSi CarTulia
saqarTvelos raionebis saswrafo daxmarebis samsaxurebi), raTa brigadebis marTva
moxdes operatiulad da koordinirebulad.
daskvna
yovelive zemoTqmulidan gamomdinare, SeiZleba gakeTdes daskvna, rom Tbilisisenaki-leseliZis
saavtomobilo
pirobebSi
avtosatransporto
masze
magistralis
mzardi
saSualebebis
saerTaSoriso
raodenobis
zrda
mniSvnelobis
TavisTavad
gamoiwvevs saavtomobilo avariebis ricxvis zrdas, rac gaamwvavebs daSavebulTaTvis
xarisxiani gadaudebeli daxmarebis gawevasTan dakavSirebiT arsebul problemas.
problemis mosagvareblad, misi
am
gamomwvevi mizezebis gaTvaliswinebiT SevarCieT
maqsimaluri Sedegis momtani gza.
SerCeuli
alternativis
realizaciis
SemTxvevaSi,
avtomagistralze
saavtomobilo SemTxvevaSi daSavebulTa sicocxle da janmrTeloba maqsimalurad iqneba
daculi, rac Seqmnis avtomagistralze usafrTxo gadaadgilebis winapirobas da,
avtomagistralis saerTaSoriso mniSvnelobis gaTvaliswinebiT, dadebiTad aisaxeba
saqarTvelos ekonomikur mdgomareobasa da Semdgomi ganviTarebis perspeqtivebze.
B
15
literatura
1.
saqarTvelos infrastruqturis da regionaluri ganviTarebis
saavtomobilo
gzebis
departamentis
http://georoad.ge/?que=geo/projects&info=947. saministros
vebgverdi
2.
saqarTvelos Sinagan saqmeTa saministros sapatrulo policiis departamentis
vebgverdi http://police.ge/index.php?m=213.
3.
“Age,
Gender
Major
Factors
In
Severity
Of
Auto-Accident
http://sciencedaily.com/releases/2007/01/070105074534.htm (07.01.2007).
Injuries,”
4. Leon James. “Gender Differences in Driving: Does Sex Matter.” University of Hawaii,
http://drdriving.org/surveys/surv1_usacanada_menwomen.htm (11.07.2007).
5.
interviu saqarTvelos Sromis, janmrTelobis da socialuri dacvis
saministros sagangebo situaciebis marTvis da reJimis departamentis ufrosTan
zurab utiaSvilTan.
6.
interviu sapatrulo policiis maior vaxtang qaraiasTan.
7. mcxeTis, kaspis, goris, qarelis da xaSuris saswrafo daxmarebis samsaxurebis
monacemebi.
16
Giorgi Butkhuzi
Head of Internal Audit Department,
Ministry of Labour, Health and Social Affairs
The enhancement of emergency services on the Tbilisi-SenakiLeselidze highway
SUMMARY
Due to Georgia’s geo-strategic location, its importance as a transit country is steadily growing.
Consequently, the Tbilisi-Senaki-Leselidze highway is gaining particular significance to Georgia’s
development. Based on the current circumstances, it can be predicted that there will be a growing intensity
of traffic on the highway; therefore the trends of the increasing number of road related traffic accidents
should be noted. Maximum attention should be placed on the emergency services, which provide first-aid to
the victims at the scene of the accidents, in order to minimize human losses.
The policy paper addressee is the Ministry of Labor, Health and Social Affairs of Georgia and hence, the
document reflects measures which are under the Ministry’s responsibility and fall within the Ministry’s
narrow maintenance scope. There are no accident prevention measures included in the document, because
prevention is a more complex issue and requires the involvement of other agencies as well.
The policy paper discusses several alternative approaches for solving the above mentioned issue. The main
criteria for identifying the most viable policy option include: the speed and quality of providing first aid to
accident victims on the spot and if necessary, transportation to the closest medical facilities. Based on the
cost benefit analysis of the chosen policy option, the contracting of the existing emergency care centers was
identified as the most effective and most efficient way of solving this issue. This policy option entails
equipping the emergency response teams with 24-hour response capabilities, including ambulances, etc.
This policy option is relatively less costly, as compared to other options, easier to administer and proves very
effective.