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ADMINISTRATIVO - DESMATAMENTO DA MATA ATLÂNTICA REGRAMENTO – ORDEM DE SEGURANÇA PREVENTIVA - VALIDAÇÃO
DE AUTORIZAÇÃO DE DESMATAMENTO - AUSÊNCIA DE AMEAÇA OU
LESÃO DE DIREITO.
1 - O Decreto presidencial nº 99.547/90, que regulou a
Lei 4.771/65, foi revogado pelo Dec. 750/93, que,
visando regulamentar a Lei 4.771/65 e o art. 225, § 4º,
da Constituição Federal, disciplinou de forma mais
rigorosa o corte e a exploração de florestas
no
território nacional.
3 - A Administração, no uso de seu poder discricionário,
pode cancelar a "autorização" anteriormente concedida ao
administrado, porque este ato é de natureza precária,
submisso, pois, ao juízo de conveniência e oportunidade
da
Administração,
considerado
o
interesse
público.(Precedente da 1ª Turma - AMS nº 94.01.000647/BA
- Rel. Juiz Amílcar Machado - DJ 13/10/97 - p. 84444).
4 - Apelação improvida.
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Votação:
Por maioria.
Resultado: Rejeitar a preliminar e indeferir a medida cautelar.
N.PP.:(31). Análise:(LMS). Revisão:(NCS).
Inclusão: 15/04/97, (NT).
REQTE.: CONFEDERACAO NACIONAL DA INDUSTRIA - CNI
REQDO.: PRESIDENTE DA REPUBLICA
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REQTE: MUNICÍPIO DE JOAÇABA
ADVDOS.
: ELEANDRO ROBERTO BRUSTOLIN E OUTRO
REQDO.
: TRIBUNAL DE JUSTIÇA DO ESTADO DE SANTA CATARINA (AGRAVO
DE INSTRUMENTO Nº 00.009664-4)
INTDO.
: MINISTÉRIO PÚBLICO ESTADUAL
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AÇÃO CAUTELAR. PEDIDO DE SUSPENSÃO DE NORMAS ADMINISTRATIVAS
EXPEDIDAS PELA SECRETARIA DO MEIO AMBIENTE (PORTARIA 139/92)
E PELO IBAMA (PORTARIA 44-N/93). CRIAÇÃO E DISCIPLINA DA
EXPEDIÇÃO DE ATPF - AUTORIZAÇÃO PARA TRANSPORTE DE PRODUTO
FLORESTAL. ATOS EXPEDIDOS PARA VIABILIZAR O REGULAR EXERCÍCIO
DO PODER DE POLÍCIA. INEXISTÊNCIA DE ILEGALIDADE. APELAÇÃO
DESPROVIDA.
1. O Código Florestal (Lei 4.771/65), além de
dispor que as florestas e demais formas de
vegetação são bens de interesse comum e que o
direito de propriedade desses bens é exercido nos
limites fixados em lei (Art. 1º), dotou os órgãos
administrativos próprios do competente poder de
polícia, conferindo-lhes oportunidade de expedição
de normas para viabilizá-lo (Art. 14).
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2. A Portaria 139/92 da Secretaria do Meio Ambiente, que
instituiu a ATPF - Autorização para Transporte de Produto
Florestal, e a Portaria 44-N/93 do IBAMA, que disciplinou sua
expedição, são atos administrativos, tendentes a viabilizar o
exercício regular do poder de polícia, previsto no Art. 14 do
Código Florestal e § 1º, VII, e § 3º do Art. 225 da
Constituição Federal, inocorrendo ilegalidade nas
suas expedições.
3. Inviável a utilização de ação cautelar para, sob a
alegação de ofensa, em tese, a direito da autora, obter
provimento
jurisdicional
que suspenda a vigência dos
referidos atos administrativos, a fim de obstar o regular
exercício do poder de polícia da Administração sobre
o uso das florestas
e demais coberturas vegetais do solo
nacional.
4. Apelação desprovida.
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AÇÃO CIVIL PÚBLICA. MEIO AMBIENTE. DEVASTAÇÃO E ATERRO NOS
MANGUEZAIS DO MUNICÍPIO DE CANAVIEIRAS.
1. O réu admitiu que aterrou o manguezal que localiza-se às
margens do Rio Patipe em desrespeito à preservação ambiental
e à legislação.
2. Os manguezais são considerados recursos naturais de
preservação permanente por determinação da Lei 4.7771.
3. O art. 18 da Lei de Política Nacional do Meio Ambiente (nº
6.938/81), bem como os artigos 1º e 3º b, VIII da Resolução
nº 004/85 do CONAMA elevou os manguezais à categoria de
reservas ecológicas.
4. O manguezal é um dos ecossistemas mais produtivos do
mundo.
5. "Os manguezais são de grande importância para o homem, é
uma importante fonte de renda e alimento, muitos peixes,
camarões, caranguejos e ostras que ocorrem nos manguezais são
explorados pelas populações ribeirinhas. Os mangues oferecem
condições
ideais
para
o
desenvolvimento
de
inúmeros
organismos, que procuram esses ecossistemas para a sua
proteção, alimentação e reprodução. A vegetação de mangue
possui grande importância na cadeia alimentar, produzindo uma
grande quantidade de matéria orgânica, proveniente da
decomposição de suas folhas pela ação de microorganismos.
Toda essa matéria orgânica é carreada para o mar, através de
estuários,
enriquecendo
suas
águas.
Dessa
forma,
os
organismos aquáticos que vivem na costa podem se desenvolver
melhor, aumentando a produtividade da pesca litorânea. Os
manguezais agem como fixadores da terra, pois a presença e o
entrelaçamento das fortes raízes aéreas do mangue contribuem
para a deposição dos sedimentos provenientes das águas dos
rios, da drenagem terrestre e das correntes de marés. Os
manguezais devem ser preservados, considerando a grande
importância que esse ecossistema desempenha em muitos países,
nos aspectos ecológico, econômico e social. Mesmo assim,
extensas áreas vem sendo criminosamente destruídas total ou
parcialmente pelo homem principalmente e função da exploração
predatória da sua fauna e da sua folha. Os manguezais são
ecossistemas costeiros que ocorrem em regiões tropicais e
subtropicais. Apresentam um solo lamacento e sujeito à
influência das marés onde se desenvolve uma vegetação
característica - os mangues - e uma fauna bastante
diversificada, composta por espécie de origem terrestre e
aquática.
Os
manguezais
possuem
uma
fauna
bastante
diversificada,
composta
por
várias
espécies
de
aves,
mamíferos, peixes, moluscos, crutáceos e outros
pequenos animais. Outros invertebrados de grande importância
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existente nos manguezais são os camarões marinhos, que
utilizam esses locais para o desenvolvimento de suas larvas e
jovens, que ali encontram abrigo e alimento até a época que
retornam ao mar, onde completam seu desenvolvimento. Existem
também algumas espécies de camarões de água doce, como o pitu
e o camarão canela, que também necessitam do manguezal para
completarem seu ciclo biológico. Além desses organismos, o
manguezal abriga ainda uma fauna microscópica composta
principalmente por bactérias, protozoários, nematódios,
rotíferos e microcrustáceos. Toda essa microfauna desempenha
um papel de grande importância na manutenção e funcionamento
da dinâmica ambiental, considerando sua participação na
transferência de energia dentro de cada cadeia alimentar".
6. O aterro do apelante afetou profundamente o ecossistema.
7. Se no mangue havia mal cheiro, pelo depósito de dejetos,
cabia
ao
Município
por
sua
administração,
adotar
as
providências no sentido de que houvesse tratamento adequado
da área sem comprometimento do meio ambiente.
8. Apelação e remessa improvidas.
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CN8
ADMINISTRATIVO.
DESMATAMENTO.
EMBARGO
DOS
TRABALHOS.
LICENÇA. NÃO CONCESSÃO. INVERACIDADE ALEGADA SOBRE O LAUDO
PARTICULAR QUE INSTRUIU O PEDIDO DE DESMATAMENTO. FLORESTA
DENSA. IRREGULARIDADE NA FORMA DE DERRUBADA DA MATA. MATERIA DE
PROVA. DENEGAÇÃO DO WRIT.
I. CASO EM QUE A LICENÇA NÃO CHEGOU A SER FORMALIZADA E,
APOS AS INVESTIGAÇÕES DO IBDF, APUROU-SE QUE A NATUREZA DA MATA
OBJETO DO REQUERIMENTO DE DERRUBADA ERA DIVERSA DA ALEGADA NO
LAUDO PARTICULAR QUE INSTRUIRA O PEDIDO DE DESMATAMENTO, ALEM
DO QUE OS TRABALHOS, JÁ INICIADOS PRECIPITADAMENTE, ERAM
REALIZADAS DE FORMA IRREGULAR, COM DESTRUIÇÃO DE AREAS DE
PRESERVAÇÃO PERMANENTE.
II. INEXISTENCIA DE DIREITO LIQUIDO E CERTO AO
DESMATAMENTO, SENDO CERTO QUE A DEMONSTRAÇÃO DO CONTRARIO
%
DEMANDARIA AMPLA DILAÇÃO PROBATORIA, INCOMPORTAVEL COM A VIA
ESTREITA DO WRIT.
III. APELAÇÃO A QUE SE NEGA PROVIMENTO.
!! D)" D!""!
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