GLOSSÁRIO ÁREA: ALIMENTAÇÃO SUB-ÁREA: LEGUMES, VERDURAS E TUBÉRCULOS Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro Departamento de Letras / CCE Curso de Formação de Tradutores Inglês-Português (2006) Disciplina: Terminologia Professora: Adriana Ceschin Rieche Alunas: FABIANA BARÚQUI MARTINS PAULA SANTOS DINIZ Termo (L1) Definição (L1) Contexto (L1) Termo (L2) Contexto (L2) Alfalfa sprout (np) Sprouted alfalfa seeds. Broto de alfafa (sn) (Medicago sativa) (S1) “The combination of alfalfa sprout powder and folic acid appears to be a reasonable, relatively inexpensive method for lowering one’s risk for cardiac events.” “O broto de alfafa é especialmente recomendado, pois é o vegetal mais rico em clorofila do mundo”. (Medicago sativa) Observaç ões (S3) (S2) Arracacha (n) (Arracacia xanthorrhiza) A perennial Andean herb in the parsley family, grown for its large, fleshy, edible roots. “Arracacha is a rare case of a legal, high-value cash crop that poor farmers can grow.” (S5) (S4) Batata-baroa (s.f.) (Arracacia xanthorrhiza) “Cozinhe a batatabaroa no caldo de carne”. (S6) Variante em português: mandioqui nha-salsa. Imagem Arrowroot (n) (Maranta arundinacea) Canna grown especially for its edible rootstock from which arrowroot starch is obtained. (S7) “Archaeological studies in the Americas show evidence of arrowroot cultivation as early as 7,000 years ago.” Araruta (s.f.) (Maranta arundinacea) “A araruta já era apreciada e cultivada pelos índios antes mesmo da chegada dos portugueses”. (S9) (S8) Artichoke (n) (Cynara scolymus L.) A thistle-like flower head with edible fleshy leaves and heart. (S10) “The artichoke grows wild in the south of Europe and is cultivated in the United States, primarily in California.” Alcachofra (s.f.) (Cynara scolymus) “A alcachofra é muito utilizada para ajudar a diminuir os níveis de colesterol e a pressão arterial”. (S12) (S11) Arugula (n) (Eruca sativa L.) Erect European annual often grown as a salad crop to be harvested when young and tender. (S109) “In Roman times arugula was grown for both its leaves and the seed.” (S110) Rúcula (s.f.) (Eruca sativa) “A rúcula é uma hortaliça originária da Região Mediterrânea, muito popular nas regiões de colonização italiana no Brasil”. (S111) Variante em inglês: rocket e roquette (Br.) e rucola (Am.). Asparagus (n) (Asparagus officinalis L.) Plant whose succulent young shoots are cooked and eaten as a vegetable. (S13) Beet (n) Round red root vegetable. (Beta vulgaris L.) (S16) “Full-flavoured, deliciously sweet and tender, British asparagus is regularly described as the ‘best in the world.” (S14) “A quarter of a beet will turn any green drink into a sweet pink concoction, pleasing both the eyes and the taste buds.” Aspargo (s.m.) (Asparagus officinalis) “O aspargo é muito indicado para pessoas que fazem dieta porque é pouco calórico”. (S15) Beterraba (s.f.) (Beta vulgaris) “A beterraba é o vegetal que possui o maior índice de açúcar”. (S18) (S17) Broccoli (n) (Brassica oleracea L.) Heads of tight green, purple, or white flower buds, cooked and eaten as a vegetable. “Broccoli is a fast growing succulent plant that requires even soil moisture.” (S19) (S20) Brócolis (s.m.) (Brassica oleracea) “Nutritivo, o brócolis contém vitaminas e minerais essenciais em abundância”. (S21) Variante em inglês: beetroot (Br.). Brussels sprouts (np) (Brassica oleracea L. var. gemmifera) A small round green vegetable that looks like a very small cabbage. (S22) “Combining Brussels sprouts with chestnuts alongside turkey is a holiday favorite in England.” Couve-debruxelas (s.f.) (Brassica oleracea) “A couve-debruxelas é rica em sais minerais, principalmente fósforo e ferro”. (S24) (S23) Cabbage (n) (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) Caper (n) (Capparis spinosa L.) A roundish head of closely layered green, white, or red leaves, eaten raw or cooked as a vegetable. “Cabbage has been cultivated for more than 4,000 years and domesticated for over 2,500 years.” (S25) (S26) A pickled flower bud of this plant, used as a pungent condiment in sauces, relishes, and various other dishes. “Capers generally come in brine but can also be found salted and sold in bulk.” (S28) (S29) Repolho (s.m.) (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) “Segundo alguns historiadores, o repolho é uma hortaliça cultivada na Europa desde 5000 a.C”. (S27) Alcaparra (s.f.) (Capparis spinosa ) “Alternativamente, a alcaparra pode ser preservada apenas no sal”. (S30) Variantes em inglês: brussel sprouts, brussel sprout, brussels sprout. Carrot (n) (Daucus carota L.) Cassava (n) (Manihot esculenta) A thin tapering orange-colored root eaten raw or cooked as a vegetable. “Carrot juice is a very nutritious drink especially high in betacarotene.” (S31) (S32) A tropical plant with thick roots that you can eat, or the flour made from these roots. “It is not recommended to eat cassava uncooked, because of potentially toxic concentrations of cyanogenic glucosides that are reduced to innocuous levels through cooking.” (S79) (S80) Cenoura (s.f.) (Daucus carota) “A cenoura também era conhecida pelos povos de raça indogermânica como “mel subterrâneo“. (S33) Aipim (s.f.) (Manihot esculenta) “Os índios faziam vinho de aipim, muito bom para o fígado, servido nas festas dos indígenas brasileiros”. Variantes em português: mandioca e macaxeira. (S81) Variante em inglês: manioc. Cauliflower (n) (Brassica oleracea L. var. botrytis) A vegetable with green leaves around a firm white centre. (S34) “The best way to prepare your cauliflower is to simply wash it in cold preferably salted water.” Couve-flor (s.f.) (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis) “A couve-flor, hortaliça delicada e tenra, constitui saborosa iguaria quando bem preparada”. (S36) (S35) Celeriac (n) (Apium graveolens L. var. rapaceum) A type of celery that forms a root like an irregularly shaped turnip, eaten cooked or raw as a vegetable. “Classically served in France cut into matchsticks with a remoulade sauce, celeriac is also great roasted or in soups.” (S37) (S38) Salsão (s.m.) (Apium graveolens var. rapaceum) “Gosto forte, extremamente aromático, o salsão impõe seu sabor a qualquer prato de que participe”. (S39) Variante em português: aiporábano. Celery (n) (Apium graveolens L. var. dulce) The long crisp flattish leaf stalks of a cultivated plant, eaten raw or cooked as a vegetable. “Celery is an excellent source of vitamin C, a vitamin that helps to support the immune system.” (S40) (S41) Aipo (s.m.) (Apium graveolens var. dulce) “O aipo é amplamente usado em dietas alimentares, pois dá a sensação de saciedade com apenas 5 calorias por talo”. (S42) Chayote (n) (Sechium edule) The pearshaped fruit of a West Indian annual vine of the gourd family that is widely cultivated as a vegetable. (S43) “Chayote can be very simply prepared, peeled, cut into quarters, steamed, drained, buttered and seasoned with fresh lemon or lime juice.” (S44) Chuchu (s.m.) (Sechium edule) “O chuchu é uma hortaliça fruto, originário da América Central e ilhas vizinhas”. (S45) Chicory (n) (Cichorium intybus) A plant grown for its pale, slightly bitter, succulent leaves. Use: cooked or raw in salads. “Chicory is an important salad vegetable in Europe but not in the U.S.” Chicória (s.f.) (Cichorium intybus) (S47) “A chicória constitui uma importante fonte de vitamina A, complexo B, C e D e de sais minerais”. (S48) (S46) Chinese cabbage (np) (Brassica chinensis L.) Elongated head of crisp celerylike stalks and light green leaves. “Chinese cabbages are excellent for stir-fry and pickling.” (S49) (S50) Couve-chinesa (s.f.) (Brassica chinensis) “A couve-chinesa provavelmente é originária da China e vem sendo consumida na Ásia desde o século V antes de Cristo”. (S51) Chinese yam (np) (Dioscorea batatas) Hardy Chinese vine cultivated as an ornamental climber for its glossy heartshaped cinnamonscented leaves and in the tropics for its “Chinese Yam is a vigorous herbaceous climber for any fertile, welldrained soil in a sunny to partially shaded spot.” (S53) Cará (s.m.) (Dioscorea batatas) “Podem ser cultivados o cará subterrâneo, algumas vezes confundido com o inhame, e o cará aéreo, comum em algumas regiões do interior do Brasil, mas dificilmente encontrado no mercado das grandes Variante em português: inhameda-china. edible tubers. Cucumber (n) Cucumis sativus L.) Eggplant (n) (Solanum melongena) cidades”. (S52) A long thin round vegetable with a dark green skin and a light green inside, usually eaten raw. “The cucumber is native to the northern part of India’s Bay of Bengal and the Himalayan Mountains.” (S55) (S56) “The usually smooth ovoid typically blackish-purple or white fruit of the eggplant. “The eggplant is a member of the potato family, and it is known worldwide as aubergine, eggplant, brinjal, melanzana, garden egg, and patlican.” (S58) (S59) Pepino (s.m.) (Cucumis sativus) (S54) “O Pepino é um fruto imaturo do tipo pepônio, da família das Cucurbitáceas”. (S57) Berinjela (s.f.) (Solanum melongena) “A berinjela tem pouquíssimas calorias, apesar de proporcionar uma sensação de saciedade - uma xícara de berinjela crua contém menos de 40 calorias”. (S60) Variante ortográfica em português: beringela. Variante em inglês: aubergine (Br.). Garlic (n) (Allium sativum) A bulb or clove with a pungent odor and flavor that is commonly used in cooking. “Most garlic in the U.S. is grown in the mild climate of northern California.” (S61) (S62) Alho (s.m.) (Allium sativum) “Embora haja controvérsias, estudos indicam a Ásia como local de origem do alho”. (S63) Garlic chives (np) (Allium tuberosum) It grows in slowly expanding perennial clumps, but also readily sprouts from seed. Besides its use as vegetable, it also has attractive flowers. (S148) “A hardy perennial plant, garlic chives (Chinese Chives, Nira) are commonly used as a herb in stirfry cooking.” (S149) Nirá (s.m.) (Allium tuberosum) “O nirá é um alho japonês parecido com a cebolinha, encontrada em mercados”. (S150) Variante em inglês: chinese chives. Green pepper (np) (Capsicum annuum) A sweet pepper that becomes red when ripe. (S64) “Green Pepper is an extraordinary source of vitamin C, which is essential to healthy bodily function.” Pimentão (s.m.) (Capsicum annuum) “O pimentão é uma das hortaliças mais ricas em vitamina C e quando maduro é excelente fonte de vitamina A”. (S66) (S65) Kale (n) (Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala DC.) A hardy cabbage (Brassica oleracea acephala) with curled often finely incised leaves that do not form a dense head. (S67) “Kale is not a big commercial crop in Florida, but is found in about one out of ten home gardens.” (S68) Couve (s.f.) (Brassica oleracea var. acephala DC.) “A couve é um vegetal muito rico em Cálcio, Fósforo e Ferro, minerais importantes à formação e manutenção de ossos e dentes e à integridade do sangue”. (S69) Kohlrabi (n) (Brassica oleracea L. var. gongylodes) A cabbage (Brassica oleracea gongylodes) having a greatly enlarged, fleshy, turnipshaped edible stem. (S70) “The taste and texture of kohlrabi are similar to those of a broccoli stem or cabbage heart, but milder and sweeter, with a higher ratio of flesh to skin.” (S71) Couve-rábano (s.f.) (Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes) “A couve-rábano é uma espécie de raiz grossa e carnuda, parecida com o nabo”. (S72) Leek (n) (Allium ampeloprasum L. var. porrum) Vegetable with a long white stem and long flat green leaves, which tastes like an onion. “The leek is a member of the onion family, but is milder than either onions or garlic.” Alho-poró (s.f.) (Allium ampeloprasum var. porrum) (S74) “O alho-poró, de baixa caloria, fornece grande quantidade de minerais e fibras, além de muita vitamina C”. (S75) (S73) Lettuce (n) (Lactuca sativa L.) A round vegetable with thin green leaves eaten raw in salads. “Lettuce, a cool-season vegetable, is extremely sensitive to high temperatures.” (S76) (S77) Alface (s.f.) (Lactuca sativa) “A alface é originária da Ásia e por volta do ano 4.500 a.C. já era conhecida no antigo Egito e chegou ao Brasil no século XVI, através dos portugueses”. (S78) Variante ortográfica em português: alho-porró. Mustard (n) (Brassica juncea) Plant with yellow flowers and seeds that are used to make mustard sauce. “Mustard is a cool-season vegetable that naturally flowers during the long, warm days of summer.” Mostarda (s.f.) (Brassica juncea) (S82) (S83) “A mostarda contém ainda grande quantidade de fibras (celulose), importantes para o bom funcionamento do aparelho digestivo, uma vez que promovem a regularidade intestinal”. (S84) Okra (n) (Abelmoschus esculentus) A tall annual herb (Abelmoschus esculentus) of the mallow family that is cultivated for its mucilaginous green pods used especially in soups or stews. (S85) “The ripe seeds of okra are sometimes roasted and ground as a substitute for coffee.” Quiabo (s.m.) (Abelmoschus esculentus) “Para evitar essa secreção viscosa que o quiabo libera à medida que cozinha, o jeito é cozinhá-lo no vapor ou escaldálo até que fique macio”. (S86) (S87) Onion (n) (Allium cepa L.) A round white vegetable with a brown, red, or white skin and many layers. Onions have a strong taste and smell. “Fertile soils with adequate drainage are ideal for onion production.” Cebola (s.f.) (Allium cepa) (S89) (S90) (S88) Parsley (n) (Petroselinum crispum) An herb with curly leaves, used in cooking or as decoration on food. (S91) “O consumo freqüente de cebola pode reduzir o risco de osteoporose, doença que atinge um terço das mulheres após a menopausa”. “Parsley is used as a garnish on Middle Eastern foods, for example, hummus, baba ghanoush, and tabbouleh and other saladstyle dishes.” Salsa (s.f.) (Petroselinum crispum) “Os romanos acreditavam que a salsa evitava intoxicação e, portanto, a empregava para desodorizar o ar (repleto de álcool) durante seus banquetes”. (S93) S92 Parsnip (n) (Pastinaca sativa) A long tapering cream-colored root eaten cooked as a vegetable. “The parsnip is richer in many vitamins and minerals than its close relative the carrot.” Pastinaca (s.f.) (Pastinaca sativa) “Doure ligeiramente a cenoura, a pastinaca e o nabo por cerca de 5 minutos”. (S96) (S94) (S95) Pea (n) (Pisum sativum) A round green seed that is cooked and eaten as a vegetable, or the plant on which these seeds grow. “Peas grow best in slightly acid, well-drained soils.” Ervilha (s.f.) (Pisum sativum) (S98) “A área de cultivo de ervilha para alimentação humana no Brasil, em 2003 (IBGE), foi de 2.426 ha, com produção de 6.388 toneladas”. (S99) (S97) Potato (n) (Solanum tuberosum) An erect South American herb of the nightshade family widely cultivated for its edible starchy tuber. (S100) “Potatoes spread to the rest of the world after European contact with the Americas in the late 1400s and early 1500s and have since become an important field crop.” Batata-inglesa (s.f.) (Solanum tuberosum) “O tubérculo da espécie Solanum tuberosum L., conhecido como batata, batatinha ou batata-inglesa, é a terceira fonte de alimentos para a humanidade perdendo apenas para o trigo e o arroz”. (S102) Nome popular: batata. (S101) Pumpkin (n) (Cucurbita pepo L.) A very large orange fruit that grows on the ground, or the inside of this fruit. (S103) Radish (n) (Raphanus sativus) The pungent usually crisp root of a widely cultivated Eurasian plant (Raphanus sativus) of the mustard family usually eaten raw. “Pumpkin is prepared in a variety of ways: baked and eaten as a vegetable; baked into pie, which is a traditional Thanksgiving dessert in the United States; or used to make soup.” (S104) “Garden radishes can be grown wherever there is sun and moist, fertile soil, even on the smallest city lot.” (S107) (S106) Abóboramoranga (s.f.) (Cucurbita pepo) “A abóboramoranga, que é a menor e mais doce, é a melhor para ser cozida e assada”. (S105) Rabanete (s.m.) (Raphanus sativus) “O rabanete (Raphanus sativus L.), apesar de ser uma cultura de pequena importância em termos de área plantada, é importante em grande número de pequenas propriedades dos cinturões verdes, com grande diversidade de cultivo de hortaliças”. (S108) Nome popular: abóbora. Variante regional em português: jerimum. Rutabaga (n) (Brassica napus napobrassica) A cruciferous plant with a thick bulbous edible yellow root. (S112) Scarlet eggplant (np) (Solanum gilo) It is a green fruit related to the tomato and the eggplant. Widely grown in Brazil, it is normally cooked as a vegetable and has a bitter taste which is not universally enjoyed. (S115) “The rutabaga is very similar to the turnip except that it generally has yellowish flesh, a more dense root with more side shoots and they are usually harvested at a larger size.” (S113) “Scarlet eggplant is a variable, deciduous, herbaceous shrub reaching up to 1-2 m in height.” (S116) Rutabaga (s.f.) (Brassica napus napobrassica) “A rutabaga é uma planta bi-anual que vai produzir sementes durante a segunda estação de cultivo”. (S114) Jiló (s.m.) (Solanum gilo) “Para ser usado na culinária, o jiló é colhido ainda verde, quando apresenta sabor menos amargo”. (S117) Variante em inglês: gilo Spinach (n) (Spinacea oleracea L.) A vegetable with large dark green leaves. “Spinach was cultivated over 2,000 years ago in Iran.” Espinafre (s.m.) (Spinacea oleracea) (S118) (S119) “Embora apresente inúmeros benefícios nutricionais, o espinafre contém alta concentração de ácido oxálico, o que atrapalha a absorção de ferro, cálcio e outros minerais”. (S120) Sweet potato (np) (Ipomoea batatas) A vegetable that looks like a red potato, is yellow inside, and tastes sweet. “Sweet potato is native to Central and South America.” (S122) (S121) Batata-doce (s.f.) (Ipomoea batatas) “A batata-doce é cultivada em 111 países, sendo que aproximadamente 90% da produção é obtida na Ásia, apenas 5% na África e 5% no restante do mundo”. (S123) Swiss Chard (np) (Beta vulgaris L. var. cicla) A variety of beet whose large edible leaves and stems are similar to spinach and are cooked and eaten as a vegetable. “Both the leaves and the roots of Swiss chard have been the subject of fascinating health studies.” Acelga (s.f.) (Beta vulgaris L. var. cicla) “A acelga possui ainda quantidades significantes de fibras que auxiliam no movimento intestinal”. Variante em inglês: chard. (S126) (S125) (S124) Taro (n) (Colocasia esculenta L.) A tropical plant grown for its thick root, which is boiled and eaten. “Taro is typically boiled, stewed, or sliced and fried as tempura.” (S127) (S128) Inhame (s.m.) (Colocasia esculenta) “O inhame é um rizoma rico em carboidratos sendo uma excelente fonte energética”. (S129) Variantes em inglês: old cocoyam, taro cocoyam. Tomato (n) (Lycopersicum esculentum) A round soft red fruit eaten raw or cooked as a vegetable. (S130) “As tomatoes are a subtropical fruit and dislike the cold, they should be stored at room temperature.” Tomate (s.m.) (Lycopersicon esculentum) “O tomate maduro pode ser conservado em geladeira por uma semana e o verde por até 3 semanas”. (S132) (S131) Turnip (n) (Brassica rapa L.) A large round pale yellow vegetable that grows under the ground, or the plant that produces it. “Since colonial times the turnip has been one of the commonest garden vegetables in America.” (S133) (S134) Nabo (s.m.) (Brassica rapa) “O nabo é uma fonte de fibras com poucas calorias”. (S135) Watercress (n) (Nasturtium officinale) A small green plant with strong-tasting leaves that grows in water. (S136) “Watercress contains significant amounts of iron, calcium and folic acid, in addition to vitamins A and C.” Agrião (s.m.) (Nasturtium officinale) “O agrião contém um óleo essencial, iodo, ferro, fosfato e alguns sais”. (S138) (S137) Welsh onion (np) (Allium fistulosum) A kind of onion having hollow inflated stalks and leaves, but scarcely any bulb. “The leaves of Welsh onion are round, hollow, and inflated the entire length of 6-20 inches.” (S139) (S140) Cebolinha (s.f.) (Allium fistulosum) “A cebolinha contém alto teor de Cálcio e Fósforo, que ajudam na formação de ossos e dentes”. (S141) Variantes em inglês: green onion (Am.) e spring onion (Br.). West Indian gherkin (np) (Cucumis anguria L.) A plant with slender vines and very abundant, small, eggshaped green fruit, covered with warts and prickles. “The West Indian gherkin grows and is used in a similar fashion as the cucumber.” Maxixe (s.m.) (Cucumis anguria) “O maxixe cru pode ser usado na forma de salada em substituição ao pepino”. (S144) (S143) (S142) zucchini (n) (Cucurbita pepo var. melopepo) A long vegetable with a dark green skin. (S145) “Zucchini are the basis for all sorts of dishes, from pasta sauces to main courses.” (S146) Abobrinha (s.f.) (Cucurbita pepo var. melopepo) “Por ser de fácil digestão, recomendase a abobrinha para pessoas que têm aparelho digestivo delicado”. (S147) Variante em inglês: courgette (Br.). • Informações gramaticais: Inglês: n = noun np = noun phrase Português: s.f. = substantivo feminino s.m. = substantivo masculino sn = sintagma nominal • Abreviaturas: Am. = American English Br. = British English • Referências Bibliográficas: FERREIRA, Aurélio Buarque de Holanda, Novo Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa, Rio de Janeiro: Editora Nova Fronteira,1975, 1ª edição. 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