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k 2 /f # ykqp " *lt vk t qtyp)pk t [t'uvk1r typ #(ot5uvk #6typ)'r yk # op #4uvk 'r [t *
q
t #6-t #!t p vp 6)w 2/. 2
f )k .
! [k t uvk # knp-uvr m rsuvr uvt k # p)-t k ytyp)+r h yx w $ /
typk ] kqp)p t tpkvp tuvr' tvr'vr1"sr ouvt'k# #(=k !ot ot u[k p0 uvtt typ #5e
k 'r qk 0 mykqr1 vp w 2H. 2 $ t#6tKk k#"st k#5e )k uvk p vr'ot u[k #( "sr1=uvk
q
t # v'r t6tu[k#( op kcuvt-op)uI opk
* nt#6t5t!uvr1nt6p 0'yr uvt2
] kqp qk !ot #op k ot ) typ)r u t# qkt. # t t u[k qkt vp;w)2/. 2
$ t #6t6k k #"st k #e k t k otuvku ouvt u pknuvk 2
t Qt # qk t nt #!t !# # t uvkm r t"+ p
t uv1r t .#((op k ot ) typ)r u (o(
t t tuv-k nk )t vp Q)w 2/. u 2 t uv1r otuvk # #6k yk # k vuvt p #!r rsu pknuvk # k k #" t 2
j vp1r ot #.op k ot topr ou %'r )kqp)k 'r typ # k v.t 'r k #( vp )w 2/. k 2_ k #5e
k qt #6t5k k #" t 61r knp t6u[k #6k yk pkqu[k 2
\ opr' knpp#!k! &# r uvt uvkk mot" m r u k r'" r u op tyr+op gk vr' k u[k kvp =uvk k=up)kquvk ^r'yx w * xyw)* vx w)* uvd yx w)* r1lx.
* $ t xyw $ 2 ,.# r1 t=uvk knpp#!k!
# v1r t 1r "sr o
u otti]h ] p r t ^kkrsth k# * vk-u[kk# k# kguvk #6tvr e
typ #!k t * qt #6t typ;k k #"st* uvk p kyt!uvk0pknuvk* uvk vp)t)nk t vk ot )kvuvtk k)!ouvt k k * uvk "st 5uv
k "s'r r myt *)t!u[kp)k vp )t -u[k )kqpm r uvtyp)k* k 2
;typ #"'#6k k *lk k 'r t!u[k kqp)p #6k ( k vt 1r vk # ! vkk !k# vu#6kt2
f k p "1vt k # tt )k r mot!uvk vp)t typ # knpp #!k !-
r m [kp)k -qt p ! [k 2
jr'vpw)2/." _ r' t uvk
vk
)kqpm r1qt ot5t pk t mokqr1. k"' nrst"sr uouvk vp)t m r u typ # pknuvkcuvk qt#)!ouvtopk*
qt#6t typ k k#"st*kqpm r'qt6uvk pt 5uvkop vr myt*luvkcr'#vpkot5pk#!t*vuvk pt 0uvk #6kyk*
k cb;xyz $ 2d.)r'# *tknp)m r'nt t uvk# kqpkop uvt nt#6t p otuvk()kqpu p)kquvk0uvkqt#5e
! uvtypk *l1r t *k t[t[myk)k vkqkr uouvkuvk nt#op r'"'#!k t u[k3pkvp)t* t mykqp)r+
vk nk )rs
u uvk uvk #0pknuvk 2
f # #( 1r 1r v'r ot * t qt #op 1r "'#6k t uvkp)k vp )t %k3uv'r p1r v1r otuvk3'r top # k vpt typ e
/
qrst # vt 1r vr r mo
t 3uv-k k # tk6uv1r vkqr pte q1r " knp nk kqp [k )k # )kqpm 1r qtk r mokqp
r'vuv1r t 0 myk " mykqp kqp)u op ;1r 1r ['r t 2typ 1r )t * k "sk # /k typ vuvt " mot uvk vk typ k t # 'r k nrst u *)k typ #!knp 0uvr mykqp ot6t #o'r #" 'r qr t t * qt #6tpt tuvk
r' typ #(
k pt x . $ 2 top 'r )t *luvr pk 5t Q'r vuvr pk !#6k k^t kqpm 'r qt -uvkZmyk # kqp vp)t k yrsu[t 2
d uvk k uvr pk t uvk knp0k op u qt #6t nt vp k vk k !# uvr pk #6k k!t knp)m 'r nt *
q
t #6t typ k k #" t * u[k vr p kqp #!1r k guvk qk )t0pk #!t t t knp)m 'r nt 2 d uvk k 1r vuvrsp)k )kqp)+r vuvt
[k t uvk * uvk qknp typ #* k op
t qrst #6k tu[t kqpm 'r qt * top^k k #" t * kq1r 'uvk v1r ot
uvk kqp #!1r t@uvk qk t@pk #6t t # )kqpm 1r qt * #-ot Ok !ot@t vuvkt kqpm 'r qtOk )k vuvt
k k !ou[t 2 , #( k )t t typr ou t u[kqp'r )'r #"sk #6k kcuvk " 'r op 6k t * qk [uvt qt #
[k't )kqpm r1qt t)k!r1 kqp)pt#vrsu[t2!d.)r'# * # "+vtuvkkvp
u[knmyk"skZm pk# qtrsu[kqp
ot
! t=t op
knp(" yr'nt qt#6t nt[p kuvk nk t=pk#!t
t@t qpr1 typ
*#-!# #
0'1r qt 'r # knuvrs
p vk k)tot typr ou
k# k kk" t)" uvkop #( qk#!k tuvt
K * typ k k #" t2
;t vr " tz )kqp tk vu ou[t 3t )kqp)m 1r qt #or'.qt# uvk #('p)kquvk
* #6t pvu[t e
qrst "sr u ouvk *
op kqp 01 'r k u[k k vu &q'r 2 ^k )k;k vuvt knp ot3k p 0su 'r top # k 1r "sr ou v(
t )0'"sr t k vp uvk #p)kquvkcuvk nt #!ou[typk 2
t 4t )k r mot!u[knt p[rsp # )r' k# u[k[ptkyknp #(5pknuvkuvk qt#ouvtyp)k%uvk typ#
uvr' #!1r 0k vk k# #( rstyp ypQuvkou!
vr'" rsuou[k* vp yr't p)t)kth kvp j $ h " x w%$ 2
d vp1r qr1or'. opkqp 0' r'uvt vp)t)kt ot ^uvkkotuvk #( k
r mu[k5r' m
ot*2k"' t e
.
potuvk "+
vt uvk ot vp)knmok r m ;k t qtoppk r m
k3pkqtvp
otu # vr1 " myt5uvk #
! v
k 2
"sknt!u[
t )'r k # qt # t -t typ pt 1r tuvk yk k d yk k uvk ^k k ot -+r yx w $ p)k t myk " k "+ kqp #([k k [pt vp ^uvk )'r o1r vk 'r vuv1r #
vk pknuvkk )k vu[t 1r m uvrsu )2d tuvk k ! p " vkn
p "1uv(k k vp * # "sknp k m +r ou[t td yk kuvkb;k t 2 op t ) kqp31r typ #( k ou['r qr t o1r typ^k k #"st * "st uvk
" 'r k it5d yk kcuv
k ^k k ot t uvk^m r p 0'r knp orsp nt # t.d yk k3u[kcb;k qt vp otk
q
t # t6.d yk kuvkc] top # ot 2
d yk k u[k0b%k qt vp t lx w $ k #% ot!uvk p)k nt [p o.p !k !
ot!t vuvkk "skk 'r !"'ouvt3k uvk%k m 'r op 'r top # k / t3d yk k%uv
k ^k k ot 2 t vr qt [kq1r #!k tcuvk "'ouvt
u -# v1r 0kcuvt knp)m 'r nt vkk o-t k [uvt'k [k ouvt 2
k ot op # kqp k vp d yk k6uvk'b%k ot cp)k t myk " typ #!t op3t "'vt cuv
u p)kquv
k 2/f "sk6pk qk k 1r typ #(ot t vpk "'
3uvk )k [p uvtd yk k6uvk -k k ot *
uvk nrsuvk o'r k guvknmokqp t kqp t #ou gk ) 'r " r ct knp)m 'r nt uvt d yk kuvk^b;k qt vp ot
op 0k k !op k 2
d yk k3u[k3b;k t t uvk1r kqp yrsp qt # t5.d yk k3u[k] typ #(ot
.
op t knp;
u ouvt t vpkct ! [k 2
d yk k uvkg] typ #(ot $ t x w $ # # #( )k uvkgu ouvt "sr ou uvk ! [k uvkgpknuvk uvk qt #)!ouvtopk 2 $ t # 'r top # k qt #6t op kqp 0' 'r uvt ! [k *v1r #
t * k uvk
q
t # k *lk 2
$ #
0
jr'[pw)2 w pt)k t'h kvp
d yk k # )r' k# nt#!nrst" [k vp)kk! tvt#6r++uvkuvknr' t* pk
r m r uouvk
*vp e
r m r uouvkck t qr+
vr'" rsuou[k2gf opkqp01 r' vk "skZm p#%6knt"'!uvk yk k.opqt# typ
tvp)t )k t 2
d vp 6)w 2 w #!t p5r1 kqp ot5k pkt ok k [t pt )k t!h kvp2 Sd ok kcuvk^k k ot
ot kqp qk knp # ! [k* r1"sr vu[t3r' typ #(
k t) rsu/qt# td.ykk;u[k-] top# ot3k%tcd ok k
uvk5b%k qt vp t * k m 'r (# "sknp !ot'.d yk k0uvk5b%k ot2^f k
*2r' knpor'vuvtqt# td.ykk0uvk
] typ #ot op t kqp3u ou[t t vpk5t vk * np'r (# "+vt'uvk qt p e ! [k [k t tk #
vp 'r -n
t # - vu 6uvt.d yk kuvkb%k qt vp t 2
yk k # r1 k#( nt#!nrst" vk k# # # vrsk k uvt#0'[rst0k k0 qt* qt#6t
typ-k k #" t* #(6pkqu[k0uvk nt#!ou[typk;k vk uvk k vt#* vk)k # vr k k
*
op"1 op t%t)k r myt vk"'vk
top# uvk)r' uvt2
d t vt #6+r kcu - k "+ vr1"sr uouvk
vkctyk k t vr uvkorsp)k#% vknk rsuouvk u[kr1 kqp e
myk ot #)* k-uvk kqp t nt p)t "sk t vp.k k k.)k'k ouvtr' knpvt2 opr1t* t yk k
uvknmok k "+ p ! t6-t k k ! uvt!1r kqp vt t typ # uvk #v1r " e "st 2
j nk vuvt #( "st o+r nt # )'r k # toprsk !ouvt 0t )k t *# t )k t !
# # k "' k
k ouvt51r kqp v
t * #(iuv1r t v'r ['r "sr # t uvt vk kqp #!r .k "1kqp e " t *" qk vuvt nt # vkt t )k t ot
k n
t p)t "sk )t vp)k k [k otuvt # t uvt *2t k * -k # t )k t 'r myt p # # t uv
t uvtt )k t *ot #6kqrst op vk 'uvk qr u k )kqp t ot5k k ouvt *lk "sk )k #vpk )kqp )2 typ
k )k #6t r myt3t yk k%k "+c
t # t uvt vk #!t uv1r # t )k !k ouvt'r knp vt * kqp #!r 1r vuv
t vk
k "sk k t qt pt " k3uvk vuvt6tk ouvt6uvknmok )kqp "1kqp ouv
t 2N$ 2
,.#% 1
vr k k t vuvkQtyk kyk# * k# ykqp" * tOuvr1 #6r'nt0k qt#" k t* nkvuvt qt#
[k # yk k5u[knm
t[rsp #6kqr t^u[k knpnk kqp3t # [rskk tvu[k0k" k0k r'kqp)rsuvt p m"3uvt
!#ouvt )k )typk k5r'kqp
yrsp qt#k" k2f/# t) p
"' m p* vknkopr t [k5k"sk k vk )0 mok"
op-"sr u op qt # # vu %'r vk kqp ou %k qt# r' top# k r1qt#" k kcr'nkqp ! ok,22 $ 2
kn
m [uvtk # qt r uvkqp otk 'r knp ot qt# t # vrsk k* # yk k t uvk )kqp"')r1ouvt
q
t #6t C+ D t +F D 2 yk k;p)k r mot3pk "sr k k #>pk t # vu t qtyp)prsu
vt # vr k k *yk tct yk k vp e r myt t #^1r v'r n+r r m 'r knp o
t * k r m -uvk qt vu nrsp
# v
u op -"' p t %t )k r mot 2
;t uvk k mot " m 'r #6k t uv.
k 'r k #( k uvt k # yk k *u[k 1r otuvk^uvr myknp ! pk p # v1r qt yk k t uvk top op ='r #"sk #!k t # vr t qt #" k ykqp vuvt vp)t " k #uvk
#( k otk6uvk!uvk )k # k vt2 $ t # 1r )t * vp orsp # t 'r k #(# " r e yk k * [k &# qt #6t
t )k r motk #vpk opuvr myknp t yk k #6k vtyp)k *2pk "sr vu[t ! pk k k 01 3k51r kqp y'r [uvt'k pk
r op u[k k # k op%
t q1r [k 5k " k tyr2u[k vr uvt Ot t 22 $ 2
d1r kqp otQk pkt ok k ot -ot 1r #"sk qt #6tQk # # op [1r k vp "sr k k knp)m rsu[typ
k ot!)w 2 * ty'r -t ok k3p)k v'r )1r ouvt0uvk qr uvk k3r p t o-t k vuvknp t knuvrsuvt5u[k kqpm 'r qt vk "1vk
tyr kqr t 2
#6k # typ # vkt -)'r k #- t uvk # kqp6uvr m r uvrsu[t+k # 1r k #(
p 'r #" 1r op t
uvk )k myt " m 'r #6k t * k p )vp !'r kqp u[k # yk k # # t u[k kqp;uvr m r uvrsu 0k # #(ou 2 d
typ vr otuvt qt pt " k^uvk t5uvk #ou t uvk )kqp * + 9 * DC
;+,9 * +,<<
t DC
:+,9 * *; +, < Ot t 2M2 $ 2
d m yk # u 0top [r ot vtyp)r qt " [p 5)w 2 z 1r #"s'r nrsu uvk op 'r #"sk #!k op qr t " rsu uvk * to'r u #ou c'r vuvk k vuvk k u ;t p 2 d uvk m !yk # vk qk r u ouvk
uvk # #!knuv+r uvtyp op !typ vr op k ykqp ou * # k vuvt nt knp &q+r !uvt yk k 2f qk e
p "sr t t uv
k okqp /p # p " t *
p "1vuvt3
t qr t #6k t3u[t yk k * k t vp))t nk #6k t
uvtpk " !ou[t'uvk ou #(6u #(ou .ot typ 1r #"sk e t vuvt [k ou #(ou yknpk k *l
t #6kquv'r ouvtyp uvknmokqp vpt qk op k 2
. typ vr ot+myknp 1r "%uvk # t vp O)w 2 z *gt nt pt "skQuvk t to
p ou #o
u ![kop 'k 1r #((#ou vk okqp ((0 u 'uvt yk k 2 !typ vr ot6myknp 1r "uvk
uvty'r )t vp )w 2 z *[t [-t )k3'r v1r q+r vp)'r #6kqrsp #( u * typ t u !vkop "1'r #'k5pk typ vt m #!k k vp1r #!knrsp 2 $ t #!tt nt pt "sk 5uvr m rsuvr uvtk pk #(ou k vt
# 1r #!t k kqp)k # #v1r "+ u ^k # t uvt vp))t nk )t t vuvt v-k ou #
u - #ou ykqp)
k k *it qt pt " k t uvk knp #o1r 1r #"sk vk +typ vr ot vtyp)r qt " 2
d vp)'r n'r o1r 'uvk )
m !
yk ot )k # #ou "'op * t uvt=t yk k "1k kqp)u =uvk
lk 'r ['r "sr u ouvk op 51r knprsp #( vt m - #ou vt yk k 2
# N
Camada n
...
Percepção
Ações
Camada 2
Camada 1
(a) Horizontal
Ações
Camada n
...
Camada n
...
Camada 2
Camada 1
Camada 2
Camada 1
Percepção
Percepção
(b) Vertical de um passo
jr'vpw)2 z pvr t5u
Ações
(c) Vertical de dois passos
ou
r knp
# ' u[k# yk k
d4k p [pRuvt ykk [pt t t vk k p
"'[t *ik)knr+"1#!k k* +k p)vpRmokqp r'" uvk
# t *qt #6t knp0m r' t vt- 01"st e - k vk%r'kqp
k*qt popr' ot t*vkpk
#o
u p 5pk ['r r !op %r' typ #(
k*)#(
ot- r1 mykqp ot6uvt t2
vuvt typvr k nt#6k p# r'"sr op +r' typ # r' op yr'" r pt-)kvpt qkt*
t uvt0t5uouvt5kt [pt qk #6kt knp# qk p" r ouvtk# # vr10uvk(yp[uvk top k
* k t u
#(['r "' t0kqp 6p)k " r u0pk#!t#6k k p m"%uvk kqp #!r1or1 h 2N%$ 2
f typu yk # t 0+."'#(
2m yk nrstor' qt#!t.qkp" r ot;uvt yknpkqr'#!k t
/
u " 'r k kcpk "sr ot5uvk K 2 %k op vr k vp t vr t vp)t "sk #(
r'vknpk k%u
qk p " r o
t * qt #6t typ0k k #" t * p " 'r ot ykqp "gu typ vr ot top "' vt nt #!ou[typ
qk p " 2 $ t #6t t uvt / "s'r k kqp # k [k ouvt ik # # v'r # v1r * " vknp [pt " k #
[k top k'r vu['r t 0 myk " k ! m t u[t %t prst 2
$ t #6t k !
k uvk p "1vt top # vu[t #o'r t uvknpgu[k vp))t nk #6k t *)#( 'r pk vp t ot #!k #6t k # t vk t k t-'r uv'r #6'r v1r vuvt * knp qk k e )k * k !ot * t )'r v1r "srsu ouvku[k vpt mokq1r op
2
k)k t kqr'" kcuvr1 pr'vrsp op5uvk p
"'vt2 h)vpor'Qk! t(-op [r1 k vp "sr k k knp)m rsu[typ2
;k p vr1kvp "+ p kop ot6uvk k* vkpkrsu[kr u qr'0uvk vkt kqpm rsuvtyp)k
yk #%n
t #!t vpt mokquvtyp)ku[k knp)m r'nt* p)k t[uvkvu[t ^p)k vr')r' k^k m r+ u k" t "sr k k* vk typ
0myk *o
t *[k )k n+r "1#!k k*nt #!r uvtyp)k uvk3p)kvp)t2 top k k#"st*# knp)m rsuvtop uvk qtuvk
uouvt %k m 'r 6p)k "1! uvt %uvk k v1r -h knr1!
k"st "srsk k2
'r # typ k uvk !o
p vk #( # ['r t uvk yrsp qt #!.t "sr k kik)kqp)m r uvtyp t #6k#6t.k# t*
t k *-uvk ['r t^uvk "sr k kik )kqpm r uvtyp ot^u[k k vuvk uvt pu I opk 1r "sr ouvt2 * uvknm rsu[t ot t
uvk vk op k )kqpm r uvtyp ;u " 'r ot %uvk #([u vuvt # vr t #o'r p)k [p t p %uvk )k # k op
! pk *yk "+ ykqp "'#6k k t'r !"'o
u ;k # # v1r uvk #orstop typ k * k tct "srsk k *
o
t "st uvt k # # ['r u[k #6k [typ top k *ykqp "'#6k k $ kqp )t " $ t #kqp 2
/" rsk k /ot3
t /yp vuvk ip)k t mykn'r k "+1r kqp ot nt # t / prst 2 ] t qt # vk%k " k vpk k k # #'r kqp qk uvk nk t #6'r mok "[k 1r kqp r m t )'r v1r "sr !vu[t ot / op)rst 'r typ #( p
t3u ouvt op "s1r ot * qt " !opt pk " !ouvt 3k0uv'r op op vp))t nkquv1r #!k t 2 qp)k nk k
@'r "'otX
u " y1r Ru "s'r t vt " rsk k *typ vuvt e t (#o1r !1r k " 'r yk k op qp)1r 1r op6k
vpt qk p-
t %u uvt 2
$ t # qp)+r ot=uvk vp)t t qt " t (ouvpt vr ouvt u[k+'r knpt kqp v'r " rsu uvkk pk )'r k # tyr t e
0 mok " #!t op 1r k #(
"srsk k kqpm rsuvtyp vk ) 'r " r m #9uvr knpk k "+
typ #(5u[k pu I opk k
t JI opk *gk * )'r # * 5typ vr k vuvknp # p vrsp5u[t k vk 01qr t vk o
u #(t knpk q+r )2
) p %
m yk ;
u op v1r k [p " rsk k )kqp)m r uvtyp t uvd Fh N0$ .2
or typqt pt" k^uvt- op)rst " t prstvpk kqp)k# *k#vp)k vk t0 myk" *[u[r' typ u[t k
vp vpr t )'r k #* to'r qt# r' t!k"sk-t r1"sr # vtop vk "'vk typ #( r' qt mokvr k k
* &#
#( rstyp qt ) (v
t p)k "1ouvtk ot vp)knr'
# nt# k rsp k"st(tuvk # )r' k#nk p"
q
t # t p)t opr t 2
w 2 or typ3k n'r &q'r t opr t " k # okqp "/ r1"sr k vr1#6k tcuvk k vk[t typ k* uvkquvr e
)
ou[
t " 'r ot vk ot k # t vk@k 'r k [t op vu[k r' k#( qt#
# " 'r [p
t yp # ot * t k vuvt qt # 1r )t #6k "1vtyp k # tuvkcp)k t !2
z 2 or typcuv'r t ['r v1r "srsu ouvk typ knp nt 1r 0suvtQuvk!k " k #6k t vk t uvk # p "' p3'r vuvk k e
uvk k #6k k * knmok " "'5k # # uvk " k ot6'r # kquvk3t nrst #!k tuvt %uvk #o1r 2i/f #
)t!u[
k "'* t vpt qk )t . t uvk # )kqp "skZ
m ouvt p 5t p # ['r qt # #( rstyp q1r "srsu ouvk 2
2 t u "+ prsu ouvk t )'r k # t uvk knp-u[k k myt " m r uvt6uvk typ # yp u " 2 t 0 myk " k qt #6k op
q
t # # k vk vt qt t5uvk # v'r vpt qk vuvt # t "s1r k * q1r "sr !vu[t
.x
qt 1r t't'uvkk mot" m r'#6kt* r1#"'!ot6k k k u " r' k2 r1 k# t uvkqp)k qkqp
qp)k qkvuvt e k vt myt # u" t [uvt[kqkopr t2
2%j "sk 'r v1r "srsu ouvk mok vu[t vknk rsuouvkuvk# vu * # # u" t t uvk-kqp r 0 uvt* k e
vu[rsuv
t *"1kqp uvtt Qpk rsp ouvt *)k # k ! p !qr+
"'#6k k3t%uvk#( r'2
vuvt #
)'r k # " rsk k )kqpm r uvty
p 1r "sr #(o1r u[(k # knp)m rsuvtop op k vuvknp pk vr1r1 k
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typ #(*q
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u !op # ty/p # [1r t op vu[k k "sk u[knmyk knp p #6k ouvt
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pk #6t ! p t!u !yp # typ1r y'r " k vk t -vpt qk e " t 2
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x w ykqp ouvt k "'Qu[r m 'r otQuvt z w v1r k # p)t op t cuvk N [1r 2!.d )'r # * k #6t qt #6t
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Único
Servidor
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vr'k k )"')r m
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Servidor
Servidor
Cliente
Múltiplo
Servidor
Ligação de apoio
Ligação principal
jr'[p5z2 w $ "sr k k"1r'" t
&(C
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ot vk"sk [k otuvk kvuvk# uvktpt kqpm rsuvtyp)k p
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* vpt qk
# k
k m r+# pk t !
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t2
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t k ot otOk #[pk ouvt 5k ##pkqu[k 6uvk qt #ouvtyp)k uvknm rsu[t- "sr'#61r k *!o1r nt #!t lk 1r v'r " r ot * t vk3uvr "1!t0k #vpk yt5uvk k kqpm rsuvtyp)k #!t yk# uvk^k p vp ;u[kpknuvk nt # k "s'r opr u ouvk guvk nt vp ot * k q1r "sr u ouvk;uvk )t *[t
[k"skZm )* typk [k #"st *
prst kqp vk uvk ntyp op #!knpt uvk ] +uvk k k t vu[tp1r yrsuvk .1
Servidor
Puro
Cliente
Cliente
Cliente
jr1vp5z2 zih kqpm r uvtyp /vp)t
vt vp)t)nk t0uvk-pk"sr otcuvk.nkqp !gt knp k* vu[t kqp)uu[k^uvr1#6r'#6t3k vpt ur m rsu uvk
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"sr k k 0'vp)rsuvt 2
Computador
Rede
Cliente Híbrido
Programa
Servidor
Via API
Computador
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d %pknk kqp.%r' top# k*[k t6p)kqk #6'r ou t "sr k k 2
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Servidor
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Cliente
Cliente
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kZm
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k # k r u ouv.k knp)m rsuvtop p)kquv
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u *)t u - qt 1r &q'r 6u[t "+vt kqpu[rsu *[k * 'r # *[-t "'vt c'r m +r ['r "sr ou[t 2
^kZmyk )kqp " kn
m ouvtop!k # nt )rsuvknp ot k "st \ "sr u ouvtop [k vt "'vt t # mokqp k vk
m
"srsu[k # #(3t p v.k op)k k #!k .k )k-1r qt 'r &q'r 2_ t #vuvt qt #!t3k [k #"st #( ot
[k " kqp)k . typ ;uvt knp)m rsu[typ Igk u -1r p [k uvk Nyx op Nyx Nyx * t [k qt # [k t myk ouvtyp)k ot nk k # y'r t #
'r #!k k * t u[k myknp #!t ) p (t vt "+vt vk 0t!k m rst
z
uvk # #6kyk# uvk m r')t op t op)rst uvk qpkZmykvuvt6t0t)ntypp)rsuvtkr' typ#vuvt t[pk [t m
qt vp
otXu[t knp)m rsuvtop -_ _ typ ! NoxNyx2 $ t# r' t* t prst t uvknpr+Rmyt" !opot k
p "'[t
k r' typ#vuvt- t mok uvtyp op
qk op. top !%NyxMNyx2
d "# u "s1r #!r ! k u[k qt )vp ot+u " r' k* 0p)kyp0uvk(vk qr t t+t p)t typ
.
pk p)1r r myt 2 .d yk k'uvkb%k ot otk q1r #(uv(k t u p)kyp* k"skuvkZmyk )kkor op vt
rsuvk o'r 6u @typ vr ot op ot op p typ vt 2,h k typ6uvk vrsu[t vkt )kqpm 1r qt=j_ uvkZmyk
op r mot=m 1r k+k pt vtyp topuv+r )*."'vt [k 1r vuvr [k # tKu[k " 'r #!k tXuvtKj_ ot
t #(
'r #!k kuvk op ouv
t ;t ot t t qt #6t5t "1'r #6t )kqpk # qt rsu[kqp uvt 2
^k to'r 2u p+r yk # * t "'vt k " k nrst uvt t "+
r uvt k "s
t p)uvk uvtyp2uvk /"+
vt )k v1r vuvt
qpr nprst vp e`k ! k " k nrsuv
t 2
qp)1r qpr t uvk "+ r ot t uvk # )kqp
m op'r ouvt * t uvk vu[t )kqpuvk op kq(p v'r nt * nt #!t *
"+[
t vk vp)t mot vk # #6k vt "1kqp k 0pkqu[k &# #orstyp vp)rstyp)rsu ou[k * t *[t m #6k k *vuvr !ou[t k "+p)k yp uvk [k qr t * typk [k #"st * "+[t vk # k #t kqpm 'r q$t Igk 'r "1kqp uv(t ott [
k &# vp)k knp &q+r )2
jr'vp 2 t uvk" t5uvk "st qt u[t'f k typ%uvk/"+
vt
Sf ktyp^uvk/"+
vt t nt topuvkouvtyp%u" r' ot u. k tvpkpkqu[k2gf " kcpknk k #
"+[t!uvt'h r1# "+ uvtyp k'r knp o
k nt#4t6d yk ku[k b%knt[pot()t"sr1qr1vuvt )kqpm r1qt;kt kvuvt
pk t !
2
tu[t "'vt knp uvt k "+ p)+r ok # uvth 'r # "+ou[typ ot op k [k'k " kk "sr m pkuvk
kqpp)t * typ-k k #"st * #!u .# v1r vk nk #%op kuv(t "+vt t uvk knp )rsuvt qt #vp)t #!k r u k "st01r m )ty
p nt "st [uvt or t t u 0k k ot 2 typ 'r t * t0d ok k3uv
k ^k k otuvknmok qt vp #op
t qk t!u k 2
d top#(#( r' r'#" k^u[k5k k!op3t "+vt5k m r+op #( ot typ^mok 5k5k knpop^tpktyp[t*
uvk nk t6t "'* uvt5d yk k3uvkcb%knt[pot2 t5rsuvk" [kcf ktyp uvk/"+[t k k
ouvtop #
typ)
u yk # uvk p" k"sr ot2
d k 6uvkQk m +r op " vkqp6pk ['r 1r otRuvk p "1vt* t f[ktyp m
" r+op)r+ k- kvuvt
.
uvk qt vp)rsp " k &q'r t uvk )kqp'u['r op ou k # op "sk" tRk ";uvkZmyk )kqp!k k!ou k [k e
q+r "'#6k k 2 typk k #" t * )k # t "+vt d r m op )kqp)m r1qt * ^k
r m
op kqpm r'qtKdOk
d r m op )kqp)m 1r qt $ *ih 'r npt vr op )kqpm 1r qt $ nt # knp)m 'r ntOd 2 kqp qk vk k ot vt[mokqp
pk "' t uvku[k k vu &q'r k pkd k *)
k u[k t uvk # )kqp "s1r ou gk # op "sk " t nt # k e
p*vuvr kqp)k ku k u[k * ty'r * vrsu[t [k r m ot0u[k # )kqpm 1r qt * typ #(o1r )'r #"sk [
k )k *)ot 3p)k " r u uv
k top # 'r ! vk )*k vuvt'r # t 0 myk " k k op 1r qp)t vr ot qt # t
kqpm 'r q(
t $ * vk o'r vu 0k top 5uvk t 2
_ otO'r # top !
k qt #6t qkn(p k uvk &e "+
2 ,.# "+vt rsu[t nt #!t # qt t
q
t n'r )t *vt )k *#( "1 0k k ot!t51r m "srsu typ qt #" k t 2 h k # kquvr uvt5uvk ot5uvk
# "+
vt "' p vu[t vk tor pk "sr ouvt vk qk r ! kqpuvk kqr t op v
k Qpkqu[k vk6k # #
k ouvt qt 'r k k * #6k #6t vkck kk ouvt k t vkk )t pk vuvt ! v
k 2
f ouvt -'r nt )'r k k t uvk #%vp)k k !op #o1r "' kqp)k #k )" typ ou * k # "'op ( e
/
p" 'r otuvk kqpm 'r qt * t uvk vu[t vu[t vpk 0 nt #(or typk 2 vuvt # "+[t "1ct0f k ) typ
uvknmok qt # v1r op e k nt # t'h 1r # "+ uvtyp u[k /"'vt kcpk v'r )1r ! p [kt p)t "+v-t )k k m +r ouvt 2
d 5t "'vt knp r uvtRk k !ou[t qt # qk t * tOf k top!uvk /"+
vt -" kqp t #!t uvk " tu .
pkqu[k qt r uvt k0u[-k $ t vkq1r #!k t op vk5k " k pk l1r # vu vk top # " 'r ou *
knm 1r vuvt [k # 'r kqp)
m " t # v1r t yp [uvk [kt u "st uvkd " r ot kqp qk # v
u %pk "sr ou 2 ] t6knm 1r op 5-t vpt "sk #(0uvkc1r qt 'r &q'r u %'r typ #(
k op #( qk ou 2
f r1 k#4uvtyr1 r' t uvk or1 uvk p)t!u[t
yk k t"2u[kuouvt%kct- " uvk qt p)t"sk
2
_ t u[t (
!1r typ# k pt u6k p)kt# u" t p k# vt or'uvkuouvt* vk ot
r't "+ouvt gk p.k r 2 f r' typ #(
k* nt#!tcm r' t )k k kqp)rstyp)k*) t u[k# knp "'vt* u uvt
t vp)k ! vk *l'r typ # k t vp)k 6p)kquvk
*lr' typ #(
k k k0 .)tvpk"1# knp)m r'nt*lk2
typ ot t [rsp # # u "stuvk nt pt "sk op okqpkqr'op3t qr t#6ktuvtcuvk#or1 qt#5e
t [k k 3uvt yk k * vk nk op)rst vk0t vp [prst # u "st p "1vk#4k # nt t kqp t 2 "
uvk qt pt " k knp #61r k vk5t # u "st -k m r k # k pk nk # 'r top # k ;uvk nt pt "sk vk kqp #!r k #
)k vp o.
p topuvk # 5k k t'u opk 2
typ k k#" t*nt#6t m r' t )k k 250* 251 k 25N)* yknpot0k3k kot!u[k # "+vt kqr !
k vkq'r "'#6kk vpr1#!knrsp)t ot yknpouvt3t "+[t* uvk tor' kqr ! p)r+yk# * typuvkotQk6k!ot
6k [k o
t * r1# *)# # u"st t uvk k qt# vr1 op* k"st-"2u[knt p)t"sk
* vk !op)k kqp #!1r v
t *) [uv(t op ytuvk ou-# u" t kqp )kk"skcuvkZmykt otr'vr1qr'op tk p
"'vt2
d v pt t !uvk-# ykk opt )0'"sr t kvp uvk5p)kquvkcuvk qt#ouvtyp)k )k5uvknmok k"'
op knp0' r1 u[k tvt#6r+* pk
r m r uouvk k qt t knpot2d rsu nr+ ) r'" r op /vr1"srsuouvkuvk
pk ot6k ou t # vu*lu[k p)kt) p
*op ykqpop # knpp#!k! #( r' k qt p
t ! vk .)t pr uvt typ #0pknuvk2
d 1r # *-#6t uvk "'yk # vp)t t ! p 5td yk kcuvkb;k ot tyr #!tou kvr'[uvtk)k.vpr10 e
.
vrs
t *)#iu vu[t k t vk ot uvt #01vrstcuv.k #(pknuvk^uv.k qt #ouvtyp)k 2 u "stuvk^d " r ot *
y'r [uvt q
t #6t k typ * kqp nk k vu[tk "sr vu[t k6uv-k qt vkn'r #6k tuvtd yk k!u[k!b%k ot
uvk qtopuvt nt # # vu pknuvk *[t "'vk ouvtyp * uvk v1r vuv-t k pk r m 'r p k *[kt
f k typ *v1r kqp y1r vuvt qt # t id ok k uvk^b;k qt vp ot k !
r m u[.
k # knp pkqu[k k vp *
ot6k k #" t uvk qt #6tk op kqp 0' 'r typ # 'r "sr ou 2
.
" nt # t )'r ot *v
t yk k p "'*vk k q'r "'#6k k * qt # 1r vuvk ;p)k r m 2g] ntyp typ op
op kqp 01 'r Ruvk vp e r m rs
u ou[k * k !
r m Ruvk k n'r op "'vt -op Ot vk * typ # uvk k #o1r p [rsu 2
f 'r k # "1 t t vp)t t uvtd yk k'uvk'b;k t v(
k ot 0 mykn'r uv(k #6k "1vtyp'r *
q
t #6t typ^k [k #"st * (t p !
#!k tuvkm prst vk )'r # "1!
vk #6k k * op)pk !vu[t # "+vke
#!k -t #( 'r nt #"sk t *[k * t )r myk "'#6k k *-"1kqp otu 5k p [p 'r knp uvt yk k 2
0
vt qt# t tu[k# nt tuvk k* or'td.ykk!uvk'b;k tuvkZmykk k)!op
op vktOt )kr mot t knp r'yr uvt2 f ot*)kvuvt # "+[t* t u[kZe )kuvk 0 e "st nt#!t .* t vu[
k * nt# * -# ot #6r' )* t k * ot t uvk )kqp
uvknt # t !k # k #!k vtypk 2
d k k otRuvk # "'vt +uvknmokqp )kqp nt r uvkqp ou nt #"sk )k vk #u -
k
"' p 2 $)t #'t #o'r . k "'vk
* t uvt't "+[
t qt r uvkqp ouvt "1vt* -k )'r # * 1r ouvk ouvt
op "1 op t6
t )k r motuvk kqp #6'r ouvt 2
Huvt #0'vr t p ouvt vk k p "'vt t 'r ['r "sr ! vkcuvr mokqp )t qt t %uvr kqp)k k uvk k *vt k )* uvr mokqp )
t "'vt ^uvr knpk k * t # knpk #vpk ouvt op #(kqp nt vuv1r ot'uvk k vp u !p)kquv
k 2 d )'r # *lk 'r k # qt t'u[k "'vt *luvk vr uv(t typ !
"
* t vuvk
$# * nt # %'&( * #%"+[(
t 0 myk " uvk #(kq.p !pknuvk )k [p * uvkqp)r m ouvt!u #6k t uvt "st y'r 0uvk
ykqp ot6uvk "'v
t ou[t !ou *vuvk qp)1r -)k t 2 z 2
,.#
"+
*
)
k ot )kqp vp)k)k!ou # )r'# t" tyr+op ckrsuou[kuvk!p)kquvk )kotz2/.% r'"sr ou
opuvk#!
t pop t%k knr1t u k k ot 2 w t[pkct knp)m r'nt%k"sr k k2
_ t u[t )kqpm r uvtyp knp-r'# t" r ouvt nt#!t- [p 2H. *vtvuvk t u[k)kqp r 0 uvt- top #
0'vuvr1q
k 23/
f "sk kqp (#t #( r' 7A,+ typ^t[uvk0t."sr k k k ntvk !# op nkqp
pk v1r 1r k 2
, # t tuvk qt [k otuvk # knp)m 'r nt t uvk # vu p uvk typ # op 3'r vuvr1 op "'#( "1 knpot -k !
1
Ponto de
Conexão
Sn
(a)
(b)
jr'[p 2/."ih r1# t "styr'
p
#
)kqp)m r uvtyp
qt vp ot * top^k k#" t* # vu u( yt p !!u[k qt[k otuvk!Nox(opENyxNox't (# vu'uvt
vptt)nt"st5u[k qkt2gd vp 2/. r'"' p typ #( [k# t tuvk qt[k ot t uvk #6rsp2
Pontos de
Conexão
Cn
Conectores
Conector
(a)
(b)
j r'vp 2 wih r1# t"stor+u[k# " rskk
, # " rskk/kqp )r'# t" r uvt nt#!t vp 2 w * tvuvk t u[k )kqp r10suvt typ # 01vuvr'nk
r'vuvr1 [uvt " rskk uvr kqpk k2 op )k qtvkop -# knp)m rsu[typ*lt "srsk k t vr t *M 2 pk "srsuouvk* k r1 &qr'6u[t nt vk typ;'r [uv'r vkt"sr k kck t(pk"sr qtvk otqt# "'#
kqpm r'qt*lt vk t uvkct qtyp)pknp t ot 2
#!k# typ #( vkt t tuvk qt vk ot * t nt vk typ t uvk # vu opiuvk top # op )'r # t "sr op
ou tuvt " rsk k vt m qt vp t+uvt knp)m rsuvtop 2Rd [p 2 w #6t p t opk 5uvk
t tuvk qt vk otQk nt vk typ qtyp)pk t vuvk k * 1r t * t uvkqp )t ntypp)kq.p "s'r ot!k p)k " rsk k0k
kqpm rsuvtyp )kt opk ;u[
k nt vk top-k t t6uvk qt [k ot k vrsp)k # t %k [1r vrsu[t vp 2
-" rsk k k )kqpm r uvtyp)k 0'vp)rsuvt [p 2 z 0k 2 z *ipk k r m #6k k - t vk # t
t t uvk qt [k ot t qt vk typk */ ty'r t [k # op kqp 01 'r tu[(k knp)m rsu[typk qt #6t
uvk " rsk k 2 d,uvr knpk q+r ot )k3u op k "+ " k yk vu 0k # u # u[k "sk *vt knp)m rsuvtopk # h -kt "sr k k $
d vp 2 #6t p # k vk vtk k #" (t nt k [uvt #%knp)m 'r nt -]h h * uvty1r ."srsk k -]h
$ k $ * # )kqp)m 1r qtOj_ h k # "sr k kQj_ $ * p 'r "1 p op t t u 1r # t "st y'r 2
-t=k k #" t * t knp)m 'r nt j_ * op k 1r op!t "sr k kj_ * ykqp #Opk v'r )'r t ot " rsk k
B <&42O$;&(=0*&G2)0?)H9& (=0B036;B>" &48;B>"03B67038;IJ. (=&G8'036 (=.1 08'02O$;0C6 2HG& ./2(=. *"ANO@)0 &O6 6;08'IJ./()&G8'036 0C6D$EH9&A"%$;@<"92(=&
2<"BA0C67B>"*-&42 4@)8'"4FHG&P
N
Cn
Sn
(a)
(b)
jr1vp 2 z $ "srsk k3k knp)m rsuvtop 0'vp)rsuvt
vp)rsuvt -]h $ * vk k op k r' t[t kqpm r'qt ;]h 2vd 5t pkqk knp.0p)k t !5uvt
kqpm r'qt h * $ 3pk p k r' t* kqp#6r1r'vu[t ot knp)m r'ntj_ "sr1 knpopt-otctqkt
op $ 2
0'
jr'vp 2 f k#"stuvk
-k !
5pknuvk 1r "sr vuvt- ) r'# t "styr+
#
k ot kqpotRk #6r' u- k vkQt d yk kQuvkb;k t t uvk "sr1 op vt-" rsk kk
kqpm r'qt. p #(
kqp 5pknuvkkvp2
d.vpk k o/p t u / k 0 mokq1r uvk knpk# r1"sr ou k"st3d.yk k u[k-b%k ot t
op k
uvtknt t6u[k k p "'[t* m 1r t vk t uvk# k r' rsp k k k0 op0u[k knp#6r' uvt)kqp)m r1qt
t "sr k k *lt op 5uvk kqp #!1r ou mykqp k;uvt" r' r mot vkcr'#"sk#!k 0t-kqpm r'qt2
* pt k ytyp'r u[k k *o
t *[uvk # #vknrsp ykqp" *)qtrsu[kqp unt# k^uvk "1t
yp uv
k nkq1r t k "+ %k rsu uvk %u pknuvk *lk typ 'r -t ot vp)k )k !ou )k vr p d r m
ot /ouvt op opop tpk !
k"sknkqp%t knp)m r'nt%k "sr k k2
d " kqp t # [u# opkqp01 r' uvt t tuvkqt[k otk!uvt ntvk typuvt kqpm r'qt k
" rsk k 2
2
jr'" p)t r1# k pk pr' k%uvkqkt(ot )kqp)m r1qt2
-t 1r t t )r'vr1"sr !tk m rst u[k.#6kyk p"'#>pk t mok" k okqp
otuvk." t2
6rsu[t vk # nt t r1qt0u[k k* kqp kqk k k kotypr'* k r' !# 2 ^kZm rsuvt
ykvkqp"sr ot!u[k u
kytypr'*lu vr typ%uvr+k )kqpou[t kytyp)r+u(ot(nt#6t#
p ot op # ot vkpk"sr qk6t p"1vtk kqp uvt2 vp r'# k k knpot+u uvt
#(o1r uvk "'[k t vp
k ou-#(5u kytypr'2
#
d k u[k r m
ot kqp #!r k# t-ykk qt p)t"+ p 0k k t!t t5uvk " rskk k knp)m r'nt u
pkqu[k* top 'r )tk "+
typ# uvr m r uvrsu
k#4uvtor' r1 t ^k
r m
otkdr m
ot2
d. k uvk6uvk r m t op"sr1# t qrst#6k t !tuvt knp)m r'nt nt#6tuvt "srsk k2
d "'#(
yk # t vpkQt )kqp)m 1r qt * nkvuvt nt# vkQk" k op)k# u[k kvuvkqp5p)k vr1r' kuvt
"sr k k *lkc
t p *l'r # knuvk # vkct "sr k k # qt [k otqt# " vkqp )kqp)m r uvtyp2
.vp 2 * t'k ouvtd>1r "' p #nt vk otQk !
k "sk nrsu !k p)k # "sr k kk # knp)m r'nt2
d t+uvk v'r " 1r opct knp)m 'r nt h * t k t t+u[(k qt vk ot )k k !* t u "s'r k t+uvk kq1r k !ou[t -k vk #( vt m qt vk ot (
qkqr !2 k ouvt $ #!t p t "srsk k $ uvk r m ouvt t
q
t vk typ uvk r m ouvt )'r # t "sr ou[t k k "+ " 'r vtyp)r qt " vuvt'r uvkk !
k "sk nkqp
q
t vk ot nt # " vkn/p kqpm 'r qt * t k )*#!k #6t [k t )kqpm 1r qth t )k r m uvt *yt "srsk k t t uvk
pk ! k " k nkq.p -" 'r ot 2
3 jr1vp
2 d k %uvkcuvk
r m
ot
d t nt p prstu- k0uvkuvk
r m
t*/- k0uvk r m
ot ot r1"sr ou
p [r'"sr !op
"sr k k kknp)m rsuvtopk vk'k k # op"sr1ouvt 2Qf kqt tuvk k knp#6r1k-otd.yk k!uvk
b;k ot * top k k #" t *[p)k r m op "sr k k k kqpm rsuvtyp)k nt !
otuvk # k !ou[t kvptu
pkqu[kt r m op )kqpm r uvtyp)k k vu prst *qt #!t typ #(0uvkcuvk )m +r p;u[t t!uvk nk t2
. vp 250 ct kqpm 'r qtOh r m ouvt * 1r t * t k t t+uvk qt [k ot kqp t vt m q
t vk k k ouvt 2l.d )'r # *v-t "sr k k t uvkck k "sk qknp #( "s1r ot qt # -t kqpm 'r qt k ouv(t $ 2
x
30 t " sr kk-$ k#t k qtvktyp vr1"sr !ouvt k ouvt
.-otuvk
r m
ot )kqp." r' u * k#( "s1r ot qt # t-kqpm r'q'
t h k ouvt($ 2
6k
# #(
typ#*
[p
( 2 *
jr'[p
*
d k %uvk
r m
ot
" d k u kytyp)r+ "1kqp ot # vu# qtvp
ot-uvk "sr k ktknp)m rsu[typk*ytk *
"1 knp#
t t tQuvk-ntvk otQkt qt[ktyp* p)k k r m
#!k k* uvt )kqp)m r uvtyp3kuvt " rskk20f k#" t3uvk # vu ot / " knp ot0
u typ !0uvk ntvk t5uvt knp)m rsuvtop*# [u0uvt vp)t t qt" t uvk qk tk
#6k tuvt 0 myk " u[.
k np'r ) t yp qt # vr' ot2d "sr1 otcu otuvk."1kqp
ot #!t pou
-vp 251)2
d k k t0u otuv.k "1kqp ot t [pk;t )kqp)m r uvtyp h k qt # vk-t t tuv.k nt vk t r myk k
p kqp 0' 'r "1 knp o
u 'r "' p ou k "+ # [u uvk typ #(uvt t t+uv(k qt vk ot * k *
)'r # * qt vk ot tyr uvk kqr ! k !ou[t 2 d " 'r otu[
k # otuvk " kqp t )t vp)k!t
"sr k k *vt vk opp)k t # v
u 0u op kqp 01 'r uvt t t5uvk nt vk ot 'r # t " r ou -*vt
k ouv(t $ * k "+ # vu 5uv
k typ # uv-t nt vk typ *v-t "srsk k $ t uvk3pk !
k "sk nkqp "s1r ot nt # t
kqpm rsuvtyp *q
t #6-t #!t p 5t6k ouvt 2
3 30
2 jr1vp 2 1 d k ;uvk"1kqp
ot
.
; " -
h uvr m rsu[rsu 5k#4dr m
op%jr1"1pt* ^k
r m p-jr'"1pt5kcd " knpop%jr1"1pt* k%uvk "1pyk# ot "sr e
)
o
u .
k vt knp)m r'nt2
f "+
5pk p)'r yk # o'r -"srsk k kqp t nk t t )kqpm r1qt* top6k k#"st* "sr1#!r ![uvtt #!knpt
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