Collabora've Learning in the Digital Social Medium Prof. Pierre Lévy @plevy Fellow of the Royal society of Canada Canada Research Chair in Collec've Intelligence University of OFawa Spring 2010 Outline of the Presenta'on • Symbolic cogni'on and media-­‐augmented cogni'on • Dialec'c of personal and social knowledge management in social media • Problems of cogni've interoperability. How to exploit the new computa'onal possibili'es in the service of human collec've intelligence? • Toward a new layer of seman'c addressing in the digital medium • Models of computa'onal collec've intelligence, philosophical perspec'ves. Symbolic Cogni'on • Socially coordinated symbolic processing – Class of phenomena represen'ng categories – Explicit categorisa'on of sense data and symbolic processes – Communica'on of symbolic memory • Reflexivity – Mapping and re-­‐mapping phenomena – Self-­‐reference, self-­‐representa'on of cogni've processes – Ques'onning, awareness of ignorance • Dialogue – Exchange of ideas and narra'ves, representa'on of the cogni've processes of other people – Nego'a'on of meaning and decisions – Social norms for reasonning and interpreta'on, common understanding of complex models • Narra'vity – Symbolic models of complex causal phenomena (actors, objects, quali'es, processes). Not limited to tradi'onal tales. Evolu'on of Mediasphere (From 2000) Ubiquity, interconnection and automatic
manipulation of symbols. Social Media. New sign
systems. Knowledge economy
(From 1500) massive technical self-reproduction and
diffusion of the alphabet and other cultural signs. New
languages (animated images, etc.) Scientific notation
progress. Industrial economy
(From - 1000) Digitization and universalization of
writing reduced to thirty phonetic signs. Notation of
numbers by position, zero. Commercial economy
(From - 3000) Autonomous technical memory of
language. Idéographic Signs. Numerals,
measurement units. Agricultural economy
(From - 300 000) myths, rites, oral transmission,
memory inscribed in matter. Icons. Arts of
memory. Hunting-gathering economy
Personal Knowledge Management Cycle 1. AFen'on management – Define interests, priori'es, areas of exper'se (acquired and aimed). Stay focused, avoid distrac'on, keep in mind the big picture 2. Connec'on to valuable sources – Informa'on streams from people and ins'tu'ons 3. Gathering and aggrega'on of data streams 4. Filtering – Manual and automa'c (according to 1) 5. Categoriza'on – Tagging, classifica'ons, ontologies 6. Recording for long-­‐term memory – Social bookmarking, ar'cles and library management tools, cloud memory 7. Synthesis – Blog posts, ar'cles, wiki entries 8. Sharing, communica'on – Pos'ng result of 4, 5, 6, 7 on social media. Replies, crea've dialogue 9. Reassess: aFen'on management, connec'ons, categoriza'on, PKM tools Social Knowledge Management Cycle Three movements People transform Implicit knowledge of a prac'ce into common explicit knowledge (centripetal) and vice versa (centrifugal) through PKM implied in CCC (circular) Implicit Knowledge PKM PKM PKM Civilized Crea8ve Conversa8on PKM PKM Common Memory Mul'media Data / Sohware Seman'c Metadata Valua'on Explicit Knowledge PKM « BA » PKM PKM PKM PKM Common Prac8ce Problems in the social / personal KM dialec'c Can we improve the learning conversa'on? • Differences in natural languages, classifica'ons, ontologies, folksonomic systems (accross individuals / networks / applica'ons) • Individuals par'cipate to several communi'es / networks • One community / network crosses several digital applica'ons • Several networks should be able to connect / share their memory • Do the current symbolic systems exploit fully the new distributed computa'onal power? Semantic
Sphere
2015 Web
1995 Internet
1980 Computer
1950 Digital Medium Addressing Layers
Group of transforma'on on formal ideas
Uniform Seman'c Locator IEML = *concepts addresses** Societies of cognitive agents. Information economy games.
Collective intelligence growth. Augmentation of sense-making.
Connec'on between documents or data
Uniform Resource Locator = hFp:// page or data addresses. Centralized search engines, browsers.
Global multimedia hypertextual public sphere.
Connec'on between computers. Internet Protocol = digital automata addresses. Routers, user-friendly PC applications
Personal computing. Virtual communities.
Digital media convergence. Automa'c symbol manipula'on Computer memory = bits addresses. Operating systems. Applications software
Augmentation of logical and arithmetical processing. Sphere of Seman'c Metadata Transparent Hypertext Web of Mul'media Data Opaque Hypertext Online Crea've Conversa'on Natural Discursive Metadata Explicit Knowledge BIOLOGICAL CORTEX Sensorimotor Personal Data Implicit Knowledge Computa'onal collec've intelligence DIGITAL HYPERCORTEX Interdependence of Networks for Human Development Governance / values Rights / duties
Will networks
ETHICAL CAPITAL Arts
Sciences
Knowledge networks
Finance
Competence
Power networks
EPISTEMIC CAPITAL PRACTICAL CAPITAL Collective
Intelligence
CULTURAL CAPITAL BIOPHYSICAL CAPITAL Messages
Media
Documentary networks
Equipment / technology
Health / environment Bodily networks
SOCIAL CAPITAL Trust
Social roles
Personal networks Unity of Nature virtual seman'c sphere symbols S minds B mediasphere Data manipula'on technologies. Sensori-­‐motor interfaces. Interac'on between moments of consciousness. Connec'on between phenomena (sensori-­‐motor images) and symbols (discursivity), through emo'onal intensi'es. biosphere phenomena T cosmos actual CCI processes. Info/ideas economy. Sci. model: seman'c group of transf. Material goods economy. Environment and health. Evolu've ecosystems. Molecules, atoms, stars, galaxies. Sci. model: Quan'c-­‐rela'vis'c group of transf.