17/10/2014
THE LONGEVITY
REVOLUTION IN BRAZIL
ISQUA - 2014
REVOLUTION???
Alexandre Kalache
President - International Longevity Centre Brazil
HelpAge International Global Ambassador
[email protected]
LONGEVITY: A GLOBAL
REVOLUTION
WORLDWIDE,
BETWEEN 1950-2050
Between 1950 and 2050 – increase of:
Total population: 3.7 X
Population 60+: 10 X
Population 80+: 26 X
the number of persons
aged 80 and older will
grow from 14
to 395
million
1
2012: MANY BRAZILIAN STATES WITH
LEB AS HIGH AS EUROPE, THE
“OLD CONTINENT” ONLY 20 YEARS
AGO
THE LONGEVITY
REVOLUTION
SINCE 1945 32 MORE YEARS OF LIFE
NOT 32 YEARS OF OLD AGE.
Santa Catarina
78
Distrito Federal
77
São Paulo
76,8
IMPLICATIONS ARE RETROACTIVE, AFFECTING ALL
STAGES OF LIFE, NOT ONLY THOSE WHO ARE
Espírito Santo
76,8
60 OR OLDER
Rio Grande do Sul
76,6
Brasil
74,5
Fonte: IBGE/DPE/ Coordenação de População e Indicadores Sociais. Gerência de Estudos e Análises da Dinâmica Demográfica.
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INTERNAL MIGRATION EFFECT: SOME OF THE
POOREST STATES WITH % OF OLD PEOPLE
AMONG THE HIGHEST
Rio Grande do Sul
Rio de Janeiro
Paraíba
Minas Gerais
São Paulo
Brasil
13,6
13,0
12,0
11,8
11,6
10,8
11,8%
29,5%
Fonte: IBGE. Censos Demográfico (2010).
BRAZIL:TOTAL FERTILITY RATES
1975: 5,8
TOTAL FERTILITY RATES BY NUMBER
OF YEARS OF SCHOOLING
2013: 1,7
For at least 8 years TFT below
replacement levels
LESS THAN 8 YEARS: 3.2
MORE THAN 8 YEARS: 1.6
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2000
BRAZIL
Over
the last 20 years all age
groups < 25 years decreased their %
of the overall population.
There
are 5 million less children
under 14 than what would be
expected if the 1990’s TFR would
have been maintained.
BRAZIL:
A VERY
DIFEREN
TE
SOCIETY
WITHIN
THE
NEXT
FEW
DECADES
2050
2060
IBGE. (2013). Projeção da
população por sexo e
idade: Brasil 2000-2060 e
Unidades da Federação
2000-2030. Rio de Janeiro
– 29 de Agosto de 2013.
Developed countries first became rich and
then aged.
POPULATION AGEING IN BRAZIL:
THE SPEED
Over the next thirty years Brazil
will be among the three fastest
ageing countries with a
population over 30 million
BRAZIL X CANADA
In 1970 the proportion of 60+ in
Canada was about 11.5% - (similar
to Brazil’s today, then only 5.5%).
Countries such as Brazil are ageing faster –
within a context of prevailing poverty for
substantial segments of the population.
COMPETITION FOR
RESOURCES
LIFE EXPECTANCY AT 60
Men: 21 years
Women: 25 years
By 2050 Brazil will have a population
as old as Canada`s
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BRAZIL: HALE, 2010
BRAZIL; 2012:
Total
In good
health
MEN
68,9 y
61,1 y
WOMEN
76,1 y
66,6 y
OVER 2/3 OF ALL DEATHS
OCCURING IN OLD AGE
Fonte: Ministério da Saúde/SVS - Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade – SIM, http://tabnet.datasus.gov.br/cgi/tabcgi.exe?idb
BRAZIL; 2011: 74% OF ALL DEATHS ARE
DUE TO NON-COMMUNICABLE (CHRONIC)
DISEASES
PRIORITY 1:
12%
14%
Doenças crônicas
INVESTING ON VITAL CAPITAL
THROUGHOUT THE LIFE COURSE
Doenças infecciosas e outras
Causas externas
74%
World Health Organization. (2011). NCD Country Profiles - Brazil. Geneva: World Health Organization. Retrieved from
http://www.who.int/nmh/countries/en/
INDIVIDUAL RESPONSABILITY ?
Blame this
woman for not
taking care of
her health
during her life
of social
exclusion and
lack of
opportunities?
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THE CONTRASTS
WITH THE LONGEVITY
REVOLUTION, LIFE HAS
BECOME MORE OF A
MARATHON THAN A 100METRE SPRINT
Functional capacity decline
Functional Capacity
and the impact of interventions
Early Life
Adult Life
Older age
Growth and
development
Maintaining highest
possible level of function
Maintaining independence
and preventing disability
THE FOUR CAPITALS FOR
ACTIVE AGEING:
1. HEALTH
2. KNOWLEDGE
3. SOCIAL
4. FINANCIAL
Disability threshold
Rehabilitation
and ensuring the
quality of life
Age
SHIFTING THE PARADIGM:
PLACING THE INDIVIDUAL (BOTH AS
CARE RECEIVER AND AS
CAREGIVER) AT THE CENTRE
PROMOTING DIALOGUE AND
INTERGERATIONAL SOLIDARITY
© Alex Kalache, Adelaide Thinker in Residence 2011/2012
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DEVELOPING A CULTURE OF CARE:
ILC-WDA RIO DECLARATION, 2013
© Alex Kalache, Adelaide Thinker in Residence 2011/2012
RIO DECLARATION:
BEYOND
PREVENTION AND
TREATMENT:
DEVELOPING A
CULTURE OF CARE
IN RESPONSE TO
THE LONGEVITY
REVOLUTION
CULTURE OF CARE:
SUSTAINABLE
ECONOMICALLY VIABLE
COMPASSIONATE
UNIVERSAL: FOR ALL, THEREBY
REDUCING INEQUALITIES
ARE WE READY?
TRAINING PROFESSIONALS – E.G.
DOCTORS - NOT FOR THE 20TH
CENTURY BUT FOR THE 21ST– AND
NOT ONLY DOCTORS: OTHER
HEALTH PROFESSIONS,
ARQUITECTS, DESIGNERS,
URBANISTS, LAWYERS...
JOURNALISTS.
ARE WE READY ?
WE ARE DEVELOPING A CULTURE
NOT FOR CURE, BUT FOR
CARE??
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BRAZIL; FEDERAL GOVERNMENT
BUDGET FOR POLICIES RELATED TO
OLDER PERSONS, 2011-2013
Autorizado
Gasto
28,5 milhões
14,8 milhões
MS - Política de Atenção à Saúde do
Idoso
THE RIO DECLARATION
AWAY FROM A NEEDS-BASED
APPROACH TOWARDS A
5,8 milhões
623,1 mil
SDH - Programas de direitos do idoso
RIGHTS-BASED APPROACH
SDH - Fortalecimento institucional da
rede nacional
3,3 milhões
0
Fonte: O Globo, Mais Velho, Mais Vulnerável, p. 3, 18 de fevereiro de 2014.
... INCLUDING:
Right
to health
To
learn
To
work
To
protection
To
have insurance
To
participate
To
have access to services
Right to stop
Right to respite
Right to a basic income
... Such as...
AND …
RIGHT TO RECEIVE CARE
RIGHT TO RECEIVE CARE
ABOVE ALL FOR THOSE WITH
DIMINISHED CAPACITY TO EXERCISE
THIS RIGHT OWING ISOLATION,
POVERTY AND TO FRAILTIES - SUCH AS
COGNITIVE DECLING AND DISABLITIES
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AT THE ROOT OF DISRESPECT OF
THE RIGHTS OF OLDER PERSONS IS
DISCRIMINATION
SOCIAL EXCLUSION
INSTITUTIONAL
NEED TO CONSTANTLY FIGHT
AGAINST EXCLUSION
SYMBOLIC
SOCIO-ECONOMIC
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TERRITORIAL
IDENTIDY
SOCIAL CAPITAL
SOCIO-POLITICAL
ALEXANDRE KALACHE, MD, PHD
PRESIDENT, INTERNATIONAL
LONGEVITYCENTRE GLOBAL
ALIANCE BRASIL (ILC-BR)
EMAIL: [email protected]
WEBSITE: HTTP://WWW.ILCBRAZIL.ORG/
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