COUNTRY PROFILES
AMERICAS
− Argentina −
The current legislation on trafficking in persons in Argentina covers all forms of
exploitation indicated in the UN Trafficking Protocol.
Victims
Detected victims of trafficking in persons, by age, 2008-2010
600
500
400
488
300
adults
children
338
200
129
100
0
57
84
81
2008
2009
2010
Source: Ministerio de Justicia y Derechos Humanos.
Detected victims of trafficking in persons, by form of exploitation, 2008-2010
600
Forced Labour
Sexual
500
193
400
168
300
200
376
72
100
254
114
0
2008
2009
2010
Source: Ministerio de Justicia y Derechos Humanos.
Detected victims of trafficking, by citizenship, 2008-2010
600
Foreigners
Argentines
500
301
400
300
355
200
100
161
0
25
2008
268
67
2009
2010
Source: Ministerio de Justicia y Derechos Humanos.
The 2009 National Report on Trafficking in Persons indicates that Argentina experiences
two main international trafficking flows. One with victims recruited in Paraguay, the
Dominican Republic and Brazil for sexual exploitation, and one with victims recruited in
Bolivia (Plurinational State of) and Peru for exploitation in forced labour.
With regard to internal trafficking, a high percentage of Argentine victims are women and
girls recruited for sexual exploitation. Argentine men and boys are trafficked mainly for
forced labour, especially in agriculture.
Source: Informe Nacional sobre Trata de Personas, República Argentina, 2009.
− Bolivia (Plurinational State of) −
The current legislation on trafficking in persons in the Plurinational State of Bolivia covers
all forms of exploitation indicated in the UN Trafficking Protocol.
Investigations and suspects
Number of persons prosecuted for trafficking in persons, by gender, 2007-2010
160
Females
140
Males
120
100
83
80
56
60
39
40
58
20
0
36
27
46
2007
2008
2009
2010
Source: Ministry of Justice/Vice-Ministry of equal opportunity.
Number of persons convicted of trafficking in persons, by gender, 2007-2010
120
100
80
Females
60
Males
40
20
0
1
1
2008
4
5
4
3
2009
2010
Source: Ministry of Justice/Vice-Ministry of equal opportunity.
The persons convicted are all Bolivians, except two Chinese nationals convicted in 2010.
Source: Ministry of Justice/Vice-Ministry of equal opportunity.
Victims
Detected victims of trafficking, by age and gender, 2007-2010
37
2
28
3
250
200
150
100
200
2007
2008
12
7
38
1
2009
1
37
12
2
7
28
38
19
3
1
1
50
0
1
35
Girls
Boys
35
Young adults (18-21yrs)
Women
3
19
1
2010
3
200
Men
1
Source: Ministry of Justice/Vice-Ministry of equal opportunity.
Detected victims of trafficking, by form of exploitation, 2007-2010
Servitude, 22
Slavery, 20
Forced labour, 21
Labour
exploitation, 37
Organ removal, 2
Forced marriage,
1
Sexual
exploitation, 96
Illegal adoption,
25
Other, 14
Most of the victims reported are Bolivians.
Source: Ministry of Justice/Vice-Ministry of equal opportunity.
− Brazil −
The current legislation on trafficking in persons in Brazil criminalizes national and
international trafficking for sexual exploitation.
Investigations and suspects
Number of investigations conducted by federal law enforcement agencies in
connection with the offence of trafficking in persons, 2007-2010
120
100
80
60
114
95
40
76
78
2009
2010
20
0
2007
2008
Source: Polícia Federal.
Victims
Number of cases detected, by offence and type of proceeding, 2007-2010
3000
Trafficking in persons
(sexual exploitation)
2639
2500
Slavery
2000
1783
Organ trafficking
1500
1000
499
500
24
109
15
0
Judicial
Extra-judicial
Source: Ministerio Publico Federal.
Additional information
The first Brazilian National Action Plan covered the period 2008-2010. Its main
achievements were increased and improved victim support, a strong increase in official
research on the topic and increased numbers of investigations and prosecutions. The final
report on main findings and current challenges was presented in 2010. The key priority was
the protection and support of victims of trafficking.
The Second National Action Plan (2012-2015) is based on a thorough analysis and
suggestions/needs from different social sectors, the public sector as well as specialists on
the issue of human trafficking. The new plan reflects more comprehensively the vision,
expectations and threats perceived by the social sector. Its main objectives are the
prevention of human trafficking and effective prosecution as well as victim protection and
support.
− Canada −
The current legislation on trafficking in persons in Canada covers all forms of exploitation
indicated in the UN Trafficking Protocol.
Canada’s information is collected under different mechanisms. The Canadian Centre for
Justice Statistics (CCJS) at Statistics Canada collects police and court-reported information
through two separate surveys – the Integrated Criminal Court Survey (ICCS) and the
Incident-based Uniform Crime Reporting Survey (IUCRS). There is generally a two-year
delay in the collection of CCJS data.
The Royal Canadian Mounted Police’s Human Trafficking National Coordination Centre
also strives to collect current data on the number of charges laid and convictions entered for
human trafficking. While RCMP statistics are typically more current than CCJS data, they
should not be interpreted as a comprehensive accounting of all human trafficking cases
charged or prosecuted in Canada.
The Citizenship and Immigration Canada (CIC) collects information on the number of
temporary resident permits issued to foreign national victims of trafficking. This data is not
linked to law enforcement statistics and a victim need not cooperate with law enforcement
in order to receive a temporary resident permit. The purpose is to provide victims with legal
immigration status.
Investigations and suspects
Number of investigations where specific human trafficking investigations were laid,
by gender, 2008-2010
35
30
3
4
30
29
2009
2010
Females
Males
25
20
15
10
5
9
1
7
2007
2008
0
Source: Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) –
Human Trafficking National Coordination Centre (HTNCC).
Number of prosecuted cases for trafficking in persons,
by gender, FY2008/09-FY2010/2011*
35
Females
30
Males
25
20
4
15
10
14
5
0
8
1
2008/09
2009/10
2010/11
*The period represented in the chart is indicative of when the prosecution was completed. Not all criminal
court data are represented.
Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Integrated Criminal Court Survey (ICCS).
During the period FY2008/09 and FY2010/2011 the Canadian Centre for Justice
Statistics reported eight cases that concluded with a conviction. The reported counts
represent the number of cases where the trafficking in persons charge was the most
serious charge in the case. Not all criminal court data are represented.
The Royal Canadian Mounted Police reported that eight persons were convicted of
human trafficking-specific charges between 2007 and 2010. Only one of them was a
female, all the others were males.
Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Integrated Criminal Court Survey (ICCS)/
Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) – Human Trafficking National Coordination Centre (HTNCC).
Victims
Number of victims of trafficking detected by police,
by age and gender, 2007-2010
45
Women
40
Men
Girls
35
Boys
30
25
30
20
14
15
10
5
4
9
0
2007
6
11
6
2008
2009
8
3
2010
Source: Statistics Canada - Canadian Centre for Justice Statisticsthe Incident-based Uniform Crime Reporting Survey (IUCRS).
Number of victims of trafficking detected by law enforcement,
by age, 2007-2010
60
Adults
Children
50
40
43
30
37
20
10
0
12
7
2
7
9
11
2007
2008
2009
2010
Source: Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) –
Human Trafficking National Coordination Centre (HTNCC).
Number of victims of trafficking detected by law enforcement,
by citizenship, 2007-2010
Canadian
(domestic
trafficking),
76
Foreigners, 24
Source: Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) –
Human Trafficking National Coordination Centre (HTNCC).
Number of victims of trafficking detected by law enforcement,
by form of exploitation, 2007-2010
Others, 2
Forced labour,
24
Sexual
exploitation, 76
Source: Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) –
Human Trafficking National Coordination Centre (HTNCC).
Number of victims of trafficking detected
by Citizenship and Immigration Canada, by age and gender, 2007-2010
30
Women
Men
Girls
Boys
25
20
15
23
19
6
10
5
0
9
1
2007
2008
2
1
3
2009
2010
Source: Citizenship and Immigration Canada.
Number of victims of trafficking detected
by Citizenship and Immigration Canada, by citizenship, 2007-2010
Other - East
Asia, 11
Rep. of Moldova,
10
Thailand, 30
Other - Europe, 5
Latin America, 7
Others, 3
Source: Citizenship and Immigration Canada.
Number of victims of trafficking detected
by Citizenship and Immigration Canada, by form of exploitation, 2007-2010
Others, 2
Sexual
exploitation,
10
Forced
labour, 51
Source: Citizenship and Immigration Canada.
− The Caribbean −
This section covers Barbados, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica, Saint Kitts and Nevis,
Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, and Trinidad and Tobago. The specific
offence of trafficking in persons does not currently exist in the legislation of Haiti.
The current legislation on trafficking in persons in Barbados (adopted in 2011), Dominican
Republic (2008), Jamaica (2007), Saint Kitts and Nevis (2008), Saint Lucia (2010), Saint
Vincent and the Grenadines (2011) and Trinidad and Tobago (2011) covers all forms of
exploitation indicated in the UN Trafficking Protocol.
Investigations and suspects
In Jamaica, two persons were convicted of trafficking in persons in 2008. They were both
Jamaican men. There were no convictions in 2009 and 2010.
Source: Office of Director of Public Prosecutions.
Until February 2011, no cases of trafficking in persons were detected in Saint Kitts and
Nevis since the adoption of the specific offence in 2008. Three adults victims of abduction
were recorded between 2008 and 2009.
Source: Police - Saint Kitts and Nevis
Victims
Number of victims detected in Trinidad and Tobago,
by age and gender, 2007-2010
15
10
6
5
0
Women
5
1
2007
2
2008
1
2
1
2009
1
5
6
Boys
1
2010
7
1
Men
Girls
7
2
2
1
Source: Ministry of National Security – Trinidad and Tobago.
1
Number of victims detected in Trinidad and Tobago,
by form of exploitation, 2007-2010
Unknown, 2
Forced
Labour, 4
Sexual
Exploitation,
20
Source: Ministry of National Security – Trinidad and Tobago.
Number of victims detected in Trinidad and Tobago,
by citizenship, 2007-2010
Others Caribbean, 2
Philippines, 3
Colombia, 11
Dominican
Rep., 9
Source: Ministry of National Security – Trinidad and Tobago.
Number of repatriated Dominican victims of trafficking in persons,
by country of repatriation, 2007-2010
Argentina, 12
Unknown, 12
Lebanon, 5
Other Latin
America, 2
Source: Sección de Trata y Trafico de Personas, División de Asuntos Migratorios,
Viceministerio para Asuntos Consulares y Migratorios – Dominican Republic.
Between 2007 and 2008, the United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti (MINUSTAH)
provided support to the Haitian authorities in transporting 47 children, between the ages of
2 and 8, who had been victims of trafficking and were found in Port-au-Prince in August
2007. During the same period, local NGOs also denounced what appeared to be an
alarming increase in the trafficking of children from Haiti to the Dominican Republic, for
labour and sexual exploitation.
In 2009, MINUSTAH indicated that minors were reported to be the victims in 84 rape cases
in Haiti, while internal and cross-border child trafficking for the purpose of sexual or
economic exploitation and inter-country adoption also remained a matter of concern. Seven
minors, including four girls, were reportedly kidnapped over the period from March to
August 2009.
Source: Report of the Secretary-General on the United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti- - 26 August
2008 and 1 September 2009.
According to the Jamaican authorities, between 2007 and 2010, 11 victims were detected in
Jamaica. All of them were females, including one girl detected in 2010. These victims were
all trafficked for sexual exploitation, except one Asian victim trafficked in 2007 for
domestic servitude. Apart from the one Asian victim, all the others were from within the
region.
Source: Jamaica Constabulary Force Organised Crime Investigation Division.
Additional information
The Jamaican authorities report that a National Action Plan to combat Trafficking in
Persons is in place for the period 2006-2013. The plan follows three lines of
implementation: prevention, protection and prosecution. The prevention area includes the
following actions: implement legislative measures to prevent trafficking in persons and
assist and protect potential and existing victims; to establish mechanisms/structures for
greater collaboration within the national authorities to contain, punish and prevent
trafficking in persons; to establish monitoring measures to ensure greater policy integration
across the national authorities; to implement public education sensitization and awareness
programmes on trafficking in persons; to establish trafficking in persons guidelines and
procedures to inform appropriate intervention for the protection, rescue and reintegration
and enable, inter alia, the police, and community leaders understanding of trafficking in
persons, identification of traffickers and victims; to carry community-based intervention,
targeting those vulnerable to trafficking in persons; to conduct trainings centered on victim
identification, understanding, treatment and protection; to collect data to inform; enhance
action and monitor progress and to monitor borders and immigration and emigration
patterns as well as a systematic undertaking to ensure sustained and effective prosecution of
TIP and related offences. The Protection area includes the following actions; Implement
Legislative Measures to ensure adequate protection for victims and persons vulnerable to
TIP. To establish mechanisms for protection and care and to establish greater adherence to
shelter guidelines and international protocol and overall improve treatment of victims. The
Prosecution area includes the following actions; To implement legislative measures to
prohibit severe forms of TIP and punish acts of trafficking. To establish mechanisms to
assist and ensure effective investigation, apprehension and prosecution of perpetrators of
TIP and to encourage information exchange. To establish TIP guidelines and procedures to
facilitate investigation and apprehension of perpetrators of TIP and provide treatment to
TIP victims.
The authorities of Trinidad and Tobago report a National Action Plan to combat
Trafficking in Persons was established for the year 2011. The plan had to objectives of
appoint members of the National Task Force and the staff the Counter-Trafficking-Unit; to
implement the public awareness campaign that was drafted by a multi-sectoral committee;
to communicate and reinforce the information-sharing protocols, with respect to identifying
and arresting victims and prosecuting perpetrators; to communicate the template for the
screening of victims, and to initiate all the necessary steps to address the issues of TIP on
the basis of prevention, protection, prosecution and partnerships.
− Chile −
The current legislation on trafficking in persons in Chile was adopted in April 2011. The
current law considers all aspects of trafficking indicated in the UN Trafficking Protocol,
while the previous offence only criminalized international trafficking for sexual
exploitation.
Investigations and suspects
Number of cases investigated by Carabineros
for trafficking for sexual exploitation, 2008-2009
6
5
4
3
5
2
2
1
0
2008
2009
Source: Carabineros, Informe Anual.
Number of cases investigated by Police
for trafficking for sexual exploitation, 2008-2009
25
20
15
10
21
23
19
5
0
2007
2008
2009
Source: Policia de Investigaciones, Informe Anual.
Number of convictions for trafficking for sexual exploitation, 2008-2009
4
3
2
3
1
1
0
2008
2009
Source: Justicia, Informe Anual.
In 2009, 6 convictions were recorded under the offence of promoting/soliciting child
prostitution (4 in 2008; 2 in 2007).
Source: Justicia, Informe Anual.
Victims
Sampled victims of trafficking in persons from an IOM study, by gender, 2008
males, 40%
females, 60%
Source: IOM Investigación sobre Trata de Personas en Chile.
Sampled victims of trafficking in persons from an IOM study, by age, 2008
Minors, 18%
Adults, 82%
Source: IOM Investigación sobre Trata de Personas en Chile.
Sampled victims of trafficking in persons from a IOM study, by destination, 2008
Internal, 14%
International,
86%
Source: IOM Investigación sobre Trata de Personas en Chile.
Sampled victims of trafficking in persons from an IOM study,
by form of exploitation, 2008
Domestic servitude,
1
Transiting, 10
Sexual exploitation,
79
Labour
exploitation, 57
Source: IOM Investigación sobre Trata de Personas en Chile.
Sampled victims of trafficking in persons from an IOM study, by nationality, 2008
Dominican Rep, 5
Other South
America, 2
Ecuador, 7
Colombia, 11
China, 50
Bolivia, 13
Peru, 18
Chile , 19
Paraguay, 22
Source: IOM Investigación sobre Trata de Personas en Chile.
− Colombia −
The current legislation on trafficking in persons in Colombia covers all forms of
exploitation indicated in the UN Trafficking Protocol.
Investigations and suspects
Number of persons prosecuted for trafficking in persons, by gender, 2007-2010
140
females
males
120
39
100
80
60
42
98
40
20
34
29
31
29
24
2009
2010
0
2007
2008
Source: Comite Interinstitucional para la Lucha contra la Trata de Personas.
Number of persons convicted of trafficking in persons, by gender, 2007-2009
140
females
males
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
1
2007
1
2
2008
8
4
11
6
2009
2010
Source: Comite Interinstitucional para la Lucha contra la Trata de Personas.
The criminal justice statistics refer to Law 600 of 2000 and Law 906 of 2004. All the
convicted traffickers are Colombians.
Source: Comite Interinstitucional para la Lucha contra la Trata de Personas.
Victims
Number of detected victims of trafficking in persons, by age and gender, 2007-2010
100
80
60
40
20
0
12
7
28
2
20
3
18
25
6
2007
27
4
2008
30
2
2009
25
4
2010
1
12
Unrecorded profile
12
Men
7
2
3
1
Women
28
20
18
12
Girls
25
27
30
25
Boys
6
4
2
4
Source: Comite Interinstitucional para la Lucha contra la Trata de Personas.
Number of detected victims of trafficking in persons,
by form of exploitation, 2007-2010
Sex tourism,
10
Others, 11
Begging, 3
Forced
labour and
servitude, 3
Source: Comite Interinstitucional para la Lucha contra la Trata de Personas.
Number of detected Colombian victims of trafficking in persons,
by country of repatriation, 2007-2010
Others, 10
East Asia, 19
Ecuador, 38
Central America
and the
Carebbeans, 43
Venezuela, 56
Other South
America, 17
Source: Comite Interinstitucional para la Lucha contra la Trata de Personas.
Additional information
The Inter-institutional Committee against Human Trafficking, chaired by the Ministries of
the Interior and Justice which approved the National Strategy and is responsible for its
implementation.
The Committee developed 4 main points of action for the National Strategy against Human
Trafficking, which are the legal approach (guaranteeing fulfilment of all human rights to
victims of trafficking); gender approach (conducting actions in line with the principles of
equality, fairness and the respect of human rights, the gender approach focuses on detecting
and eliminating inequalities between men and women); protection approach (best possible
protection of people at risk of human trafficking, especially children and adolescents); and
the regional approach (the various regional authorities will develop programs against
human trafficking based on law 985 of 2005 and the National Strategy).
The objectives of the National Strategy are to: prevent human trafficking through
programmes, projects and means developed by public authorities in cooperation with civil
society, the private sector and international organizations; guarantee the full protection of
and assistance to victims of trafficking in human beings and their families, especially
during the process of investigation and prosecution; strengthen the international
cooperation mechanisms in the bilateral, regional as well as multilateral scope; and to
strengthen the State entities in charge of investigation and prosecution
− Costa Rica−
The current legislation on trafficking in persons in Costa Rica covers all forms of
exploitation indicated in the UN Trafficking Protocol.
Investigations and suspects
Number of persons prosecuted for trafficking in persons, 2007-2010
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
41
43
2009
2010
15
10
18
5
9
0
2007
2008
Number of persons convicted of trafficking in persons, 2007-2010
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
2
2007
5
7
2008
2009
11
2010
The persons convicted were all males and nationals of Costa Rica and Nicaragua.
Source: Seccion Estadistica and Seccion de Delitos contra la Integridad Fisica, Trata y Trafico de Personas.
Organismo de Investigación Judicial.
Victims
Number of detected victims of trafficking, by citizenship, 2010
Costa Rica, 6
Indonesia, 13
Others Central
America, 7
Others - East
Asia, 6
Viet Nam, 21
Source: Seccion de Delitos contra la Integridad Fisica, Trata y Trafico de Personas, Organismo de
Investigación Judicial.
Additional information
The authorities in Costa Rica established a National Action Plan for the period 2011-2014.
Four working Commissions are in place in order to tackle human trafficking; the
Commission for Prevention, the Commission for Victim Protection, the Commission for
Law Enforcement and the Commission for Information, Analysis and Investigation.
− Ecuador −
The current legislation on trafficking in persons in Ecuador covers all forms of exploitation
indicated in the UN Trafficking Protocol.
Investigations and suspects
Number of persons prosecuted for trafficking in persons, 2007-2010
120
100
80
60
99
40
87
68
75
20
0
2007
2008
2009
2010
Source: Fiscalia General del Estado.
According to the authorities, about 10 men were convicted between 2007 and 2010 for
trafficking.
Source: Fiscalia General del Estado.
Victims
Number of detected victims of trafficking, by form of exploitation, 2010-2011
Others, 5
Sexual
exploitation,
27
Forced
labour, 82
Source: Direccion nacional de la policia especializada para niños, niñas y adolescentes.
Number of operations against trafficking in persons,
by forms of exploitation, 2007 – 2011
Others, 118
Pornography,
41
Sexual
exploitation,
109
Forced labour,
60
Source: Direccion nacional de la policia especializada para niños, niñas y adolescentes.
Number of detected victims of trafficking in the province of Pichincha,
by citizenship, 2009-2010
Colombia, 37
Cuba, 7
Ecuador, 99
Asia (not
specified), 9
Others, 3
Source: Direccion nacional de la policia especializada para niños, niñas y adolescentes.
Additional information
The authorities of Ecuador report that the National Action Plan was established in 2006.
The plan covers three areas of activities: Prevention, investigation and sanction, and
protection and support for victims. The prevention area aims at launching programmes and
projects to change socio-cultural aspects and generate capacities to prevent factors that may
lead to trafficking in human beings. The investigation and sanction area aims at providing a
universal, effective, efficient and immediate process in the fields of investigation,
protection of victims and prosecution of offenders. The protection and support area aims at
safeguarding the integral protection of all victims of trafficking in persons within the
country, and to all Ecuadorian victims outside the country, and to ensure their safe
repatriation and reintegration with full consideration for all their rights.
− El Salvador −
The current legislation on trafficking in persons in El Salvador covers all forms of
exploitation indicated in the UN Trafficking Protocol.
Investigations and suspects
Number of persons prosecuted for trafficking in persons, by gender, 2007-2010
70
Females
Males
60
50
37
30
40
30
24
19
20
10
29
21
22
30
0
2007
2008
2009
2010
Source: Fiscalia General de la Republica.
Number of persons convicted for trafficking in persons, by gender, 2007-2010
70
Females
60
Males
50
40
30
20
3
6
7
8
2008
2009
10
0
1
2007
1
3
2
2010
Source: Fiscalia General de la Republica.
The persons convicted were all citizens of El Salvador, with the exception of one
Canadian convicted in 2010.
Source: Fiscalia General de la Republica.
Victims
Number of detected victims of trafficking, by age and gender, 2007-2010
Men
Women
Girls
Boys
90
80
5
70
5
60
50
2
48
30
40
30
4
22
27
20
10
17
24
0
3
1
2007
2008
25
28
2009
2010
Source: Fiscalia General de la Republica.
Number of detected victims of trafficking, by form of exploitation, 2007-2010
Forced labour,
12
Illegal
adoption, 3
Sexual
exploitation,
242
Source: Fiscalia General de la Republica.
Number of detected victims of trafficking, by citizenship, 2007-2010
Guatemala, 5
Honduras, 7
11
Others - Asia, 3
Others - Latin
America, 6
El Salvador, 233
Source: Fiscalia General de la Republica.
Additional information
The Government of El Salvador established a National Action Plan against Human
Trafficking for the period 2009-2012. The plan includes activities such as training material
for civil servants active in the field of human trafficking, national guidelines to strengthen
the inter-institutional coordination and cooperation in the work against human trafficking
and inter-institutional guide for the prosecution on human trafficking offenses. El Salvador
signed bilateral agreements with Costa Rica, Mexico and Guatemala. Similar agreements
are currently in process with Nicaragua, Colombia and Belize.
− Guatemala −
The current legislation on trafficking in persons in Guatemala covers all forms of
exploitation indicated in the UN Trafficking Protocol.
Investigations and suspects
Number of persons prosecuted for trafficking in persons, by gender, 2008-2011
Females
Males
45
40
35
30
25
21
25
15
14
2009
2010
14
20
18
15
10
5
18
8
0
2008
2011
Source: Registros de la Unidad de Trata de Personas.
Number of persons convicted for trafficking in persons, by gender,
2008-2011
45
Females
40
Males
35
30
25
20
15
10
6
5
0
3
4
2
2
4
2008
2009
2010
2011
Source: Registros de la Unidad de Trata de Personas.
The traffickers convicted were all Guatemalan citizens.
Source: Registros de la Unidad de Trata de Personas.
Victims
Number of detected victims of trafficking by age, 2008-2011
60
Adults
Children
50
26
40
30
20
31
5
6
10
2
5
12
2008
2009
8
0
2010
2011
Source: Registros de la Unidad de Trata de Personas.
Number of detected victims of trafficking in persons, by form of exploitation,
2008 – 2011
Forced
labour, 2
Other, 2
Sexual
exploitation,
90
Source: Registros de la Unidad de Trata de Personas.
Number of detected victims of trafficking in persons, by citizenship, 2009-2011
Other
Americans, 8
Salvadorean,
20
Nicaraguan,
22
Guatemaleantrafficked
abroad, 76
Source: Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores, Direccion de Asuntos Migratorios.
Guatemalan victims of trafficking detected abroad,
by country of repatriation, 2009-2011
Middle East,
20
Mexico, 46
Central
America, 10
Source: Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores, Direccion de Asuntos Migratorios.
− Guyana −
The current legislation on trafficking in persons in Guyana covers all forms of exploitation
indicated in the UN Trafficking Protocol.
Investigations and suspects
Number of persons prosecuted for trafficking in persons,
by gender, 2007-2010
Males, 1
Females, 6
Source: Ministerial Task Force on Trafficking in Persons.
One person (female from Guyana) was convicted in 2010, while there were no
convictions in 2008 and 2009.
Source: Ministerial Task Force on Trafficking in Persons.
Victims
Number of detected victims of trafficking by age and gender, 2007-2010
7
Women
Girls
Boys
6
5
3
4
3
1
5
2
2
2
1
1
1
2008
2009
0
2007
2010
Source: Ministerial Task Force on Trafficking in Persons.
Number of detected victims of trafficking, by form of exploitation, 2007-2010
Forced Labour,
3
Sexual
Exploitation,
12
Source: Ministerial Task Force on Trafficking in Persons.
Victims detected in the reporting period were all local nationals trafficked internally, with
the exception of one victim trafficked from the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela in
2009, and one Guyanese trafficked to Trinidad and Tobago and repatriated.
Source: Ministerial Task Force on Trafficking in Persons.
Additional information
The government of Guyana adopted a National Action Plan for the years 2010-2011. The
Plan covers the area of prevention by providing information about trafficking in persons
and safe migration to vulnerable communities, by enhancing capacity of hinterland
communities to prevent trafficking in persons, by increasing the capacity of civil society
(NGOs, social services, religious organizations, et cetera) to prevent trafficking in persons,
by the implementation of an automated database of victims of trafficking.
The Plan covers the area of victims protection by providing appropriate and comprehensive
direct assistance to victims, by building capacity of stakeholder to identify victims and
provide direct assistance through training, and by formalizing and strengthening the
national referral mechanism and inter-agency protocol.
The Plan covers the area of prosecution by enhancing the capacity of the law enforcement
agency to investigate, prosecute and convict traffickers, by enhancing the capacity of
prosecutors to prosecute trafficking cases through training, by increasing police
surveillance, by putting in place cooperative mechanisms among neighboring countries to
convict traffickers and protect victims, and by supporting the regular exchange of
information on traffickers between Guyanese and foreign law enforcement bodies.
− Honduras−
The specific offence of trafficking in persons in Honduras covers trafficking for sexual
exploitation. A new law was presented in May 2011 and is pending in the Parliament.
Investigations and suspects
Number of cases of trafficking in persons,
by type of trafficking, 2007-2008
8
7
6
child trafficking, 2
5
4
3
2
human trafficking,
5
1
child trafficking, 2
human trafficking,
1
0
2007
2008
Source: Ministerio Publico.
− Mexico −
The current legislation on trafficking in persons in Mexico covers all forms of exploitation
indicated in the UN Trafficking Protocol.
Investigations and suspects
Number of persons prosecuted for trafficking in persons, by gender, 2008-2010
120
Females
100
Males
45
80
60
40
20
0
59
16
7
14
18
2008
2009
2010
Source: Oficina de la Fiscalía Especializada para la Violencia contra la Mujer y el Tráfico de Personas
(Fevimitra).
Two persons (one male and one female) were convicted in 2010.
Source: Procuradoria General de la Republica.
Victims
Number of detected victims of trafficking, by age and gender, 2008-2010
250
200
52
150
95
100
50
0
32
14
2008
5
5
24
21
2
2009
24
50
22
2010
Women
32
Men
5
52
Girls
5
21
50
Boys
14
2
22
95
Source: Fevimitra.
Number of detected victims of trafficking, by form of exploitation, 2008-2010
250
2
3
200
150
162
100
1
35
20
2008
12
13
22
2009
2010
Mixed sexual and labour
exploitation
1
12
3
Forced labour
35
13
162
Sexual exploitation
20
22
52
50
0
52
2
Organ removal
Source: Fevimitra.
Number of detected victims of trafficking, by citizenship, 2008-2010
Honduras, 19
El Salvador, 17
Others - South
America, 10
Guatemala, 154
Unknown, 24
Others, 16
Mexico - domestic
trafficking, 82
Source: Fevimitra.
− Nicaragua −
The current legislation on trafficking in persons in Nicaragua covers all forms of
exploitation indicated in the UN Trafficking Protocol.
Investigations and suspects
The police detected 11 cases of trafficking in persons in 2010.
Source: Police.
Victims
The NGO Casa Alianza, working on assisting children in difficult conditions, sheltered
about 76 children victims between 2009 and 2010. These victims were trafficked from
Guatemala, Honduras and El Salvador, and trafficked for sexual exploitation and
domestic servitude
Source: Casa Alianza.
− Panama −
The current legislation on trafficking in persons in Panama was adopted in December 2011.
The current law considers all aspects of trafficking indicated in the UN Trafficking
Protocol, while the previous offence only criminalized trafficking for sexual exploitation.
Investigations and suspects
The authorities report that two men were prosecuted for trafficking in persons in 2011.
Source: Archivios de la Fiscalia contra la Delincuencia Organizada.
Victims
Detected victims of trafficking in persons, by citizenship, 2011
Others - Latin
America, 2
Panama, 3
Eastern Europe, 5
Colombia, 23
Source: Archivios de la Fiscalia contra la Delincuencia Organizada.
The authorities report that 33 adult women victims were detected in 2011. They were all
trafficked for sexual exploitation.
Source: Archivios de la Fiscalia contra la Delincuencia Organizada.
− Paraguay −
The current legislation on trafficking in persons in Paraguay only criminalizes international trafficking in persons for sexual exploitation and forced labour purposes.
Investigations and suspects
Number of persons prosecuted for trafficking in persons, by gender, 2007 - 2011
Females
Males
60
50
40
32
30
20
22
23
15
16
2010
2011
20
10
0
5
5
14
2007
2008
19
2009
Source: Carpetas fiscales de las Unidades 1 y 2, Especializadas en Trata de Personas y Explotación Sexual.
Number of persons convicted for trafficking in persons, by gender, 2007 – 2011
Females
Males
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
5
2
5
5
2
1
1
3
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
All persons convicted are nationals of Paraguay.
Source: Carpetas fiscales de las Unidades 1 y 2, Especializadas en Trata de Personas y Explotación Sexual
Victims
Number of victims detected, by age and gender, 2007 – 2011
160
140
50
120
Women
Men
Girls
Boys
100
80
40
60
40
39
20
24
0
11
11
2007
2008
84
40
6
12
30
15
17
2009
2010
11
1
2011
Source: Carpetas fiscales de las Unidades 1 y 2, Especializadas en Trata de Personas y Explotación Sexual;
Dirección de Prevención y Atención a Víctimas de Trata de Personas, Ministerio de la Mujer.
Number of victims detected, by form of exploitation, 2007 – 2011
160
Others
140
Forced labour
120
Sexual
100
99
80
30
19
60
2
40
20
35
48
58
53
47
2009
2010
2011
0
2007
2008
Source: Carpetas fiscales de las Unidades 1 y 2, Especializadas en Trata de Personas y Explotación Sexual;
Dirección de Prevención y Atención a Víctimas de Trata de Personas, Ministerio de la Mujer.
Number of victims detected, by citizenship, 2007 – 2011
Peru, 18
Argentina, 1
Indonesia, 30
Paraguay, 357
Source: Carpetas fiscales de las Unidades 1 y 2, Especializadas en Trata de Personas y Explotación Sexual;
Dirección de Prevención y Atención a Víctimas de Trata de Personas, Ministerio de la Mujer.
Number of repatriated victims of trafficking in persons,
by country of destination, 2008-2011
Chile, 1
Bolivia, 2
Sweden, 1 Republic of
Korea, 3
Spain, 2
Argentina, 16
Source: Informe de la Secretaría de Desarrollo para Repatriados y Refugiados Connacionales del Paraguay.
− Peru −
The current legislation on trafficking in persons in Peru covers all forms of exploitation
indicated in the UN Trafficking Protocol.
Investigations and suspects
Number of persons investigated for trafficking in persons, by gender,
2004 - early 2011
140
females
120
males
100
60
61
91
80
46
60
40
20
0
24
72
62
61
40
9
7
15
9
21
2004
2005
2006
2007
10
10
2008
2009
2010
JanMar
2011
Source: Sistema RETA/PNP.
Investigated cases of trafficking in persons, by form of trafficking,
2004 - early 2011
90
2
80
international
trafficking
2
1
70
internal
trafficking
60
50
40
2
30
20
10
0
3
2
3
10
2004
2005
68
78
76
74
28
13
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
Source: Sistema RETA/PNP.
JanMar
2011
Investigated cases of trafficking in persons, by form of exploitation,
2004- early 2011
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
JanMar2011
Unspecified trafficking
0
0
0
0
9
11
24
2
Baby selling
0
0
0
1
4
1
1
0
Begging
0
0
0
0
1
1
5
2
Forced labour
0
0
0
4
10
24
21
6
Sexual exploitation
4
13
30
64
60
49
46
10
Source: Sistema RETA/PNP.
Victims
Number of detected victims of trafficking in persons, by gender and age,
2004 - early 2011
250
200
150
100
50
0
women
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
JanMar2011
2
8
30
63
56
68
105
39
2
8
2
3
94
143
101
70
3
4
25
13
men
girls
5
boys
18
44
12
Source: Sistema RETA/PNP.
Peruvian victims are trafficked to Ecuador and Colombia, and also to the Plurinational State
of Bolivia and Chile. Ecuadorian and Bolivian victims are trafficked to Peru. There is
significant internal trafficking, mainly from the area of Iquitos to the northern border
(Tumbes), southern border (Moquegua), to the area of Cuzco and the Amazon region.
Source: Sistema RETA/PNP.
− United States of America −
The United States of America criminalizes trafficking for sexual exploitation and forced
labour.
Investigations and suspects
Number of persons against whom prosecution was commenced for trafficking in
persons, FY2007 – FY2010*
200
180
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
181
114
89
81
FY-2009
FY-2008
FY-2009
FY-2010
*Fiscal years (FY) in the USA run from 1 October -30 September. For example, FY-2010 started on 1
October 2009 and ended on 30 September 2010.
Source: U.S. Department of Justice.
Number of persons convicted of trafficking in persons offences, 2007-2010
200
180
160
140
120
100
80
60
141
103
40
77
47
20
0
2007
2008
2009
2010
Source: U.S. Department of Justice.
The numbers concerning prosecutions and convictions include only proceedings related to
federal trafficking in persons offences. They do not include prosecutions of human
traffickers investigated for human trafficking, but tried and convicted of other nontrafficking offences based on the same conduct. They also do not include state-based
prosecutions and convictions. The figures for FY-2007, FY-2008 and FY-2009 do not
include child sex trafficking offences.
Source: U.S. Department of Justice.
Victims
Foreign certified victims of trafficking in persons, by age, FY-2007-FY-2010
600
Adults
Children
500
400
449
300
330
200
270
286
33
31
50
92
FY-2007
FY-2008
FY-2009
FY-2010
100
0
Source: U.S. Department of State.
Number of foreigners certified as victims of trafficking, by citizenship, FY-2008
Rep. of Korea,
12
China, 8
Mexico, 66
Others, 129
Thailand, 56
Philippines, 46
Source: U.S. Department of State.
Number of foreigners certified as victims of trafficking, by citizenship, FY-2009
Thailand, 86
Philippines, 35
Haiti, 21
India, 20
Mexico, 44
Guatemala, 18
Dominican
Republic, 10
Others, 146
Source: U.S. Department of State.
Forms of exploitation (shares) among foreign persons (minors) who were certified as
victims of trafficking, FY-2009-FY-2010
100%
6%
9%
90%
80%
70%
Sexual exploitation - children
38%
29%
60%
50%
40%
30%
Mixed exploitation - children
56%
62%
20%
10%
0%
FY-2009
FY-2010
Source: U.S. Department of State.
Forced labour - children
Forms of exploitation (shares) among foreign persons (adults) who were certified as
victims of trafficking, FY-2009-FY-2010
100%
90%
3%
15%
80%
10%
12%
70%
60%
50%
40%
82%
55%
30%
20%
10%
0%
FY-2009
FY-2010
Source: U.S. Department of State.
Mixed exploitation adults
Sexual exploitation adults
Forced labour - adults
− Uruguay−
The specific offence on trafficking in persons in Uruguay covers international human
trafficking only. Domestic trafficking is prosecuted by mean of other offences.
Investigations and suspects
One case of human trafficking has been recorded during the reporting period. One man and
a women were prosecuted in the year 2008, and received conviction in 2010. They are both
Uruguayan nationals
Source: Suprema Corte de Justicia.
Victims
The only case reported by the national authorities during the reporting period concerned
trafficking of adult women, from Uruguay to Spain for the purpose of sexual exploitation.
Source: Suprema Corte de Justicia.
− Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) −
The current legislation on trafficking in persons in the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela
explicitly covers trafficking in girls and women. Other forms of human trafficking are
prosecuted by mean of other articles of the criminal code.
Victims
Victims of trafficking in persons, by age and gender, 2008-2010
14
Unrecorded
profile
Women
12
10
6
Girls
8
6
4
2
1
2
6
1
4
2
0
2008
2009
1
2010
Source: Registro de la Direccion General de Prevencion del Delito, Ministerio del Poder para Relaciones
Interiores y Justicia.
Victims of trafficking in persons, by forms of exploitation, 2008-2010
Unrecorded
exploitation, 8
Sexual
exploitation, 13
Forced labour, 2
Source: Registro de la Direccion General de Prevencion del Delito, Ministerio del Poder para Relaciones
Interiores y Justicia.
All victims detected were Venezuelans, with the exception of two South Africans detected
in 2010.
Source: Registro de la Direccion General de Prevencion del Delito, Ministerio del Poder para Relaciones
Interiores y Justicia.
Additional information
In 2011, a National Action Plan was established in the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.
The Plan had the following objectives: to create an inter-institutional working group; to
establish actions for victim protection and support; to generate factors of protection for the
prevention of trafficking in persons; to strengthen migratory controls, with special focus on
border controls and tourist areas; to enforce effective prosecution and laws against
trafficking in persons; to identify causes and dimension of trafficking in persons; to include
concrete action steps in the operative plans of all relevant institutions; to co-organize and
participate in regional and international meetings and round-tables for information
exchange and to collect best practices from other countries.