Report for Training Programme for Developing Countries
Phytoplankton Community Structure:
From the Molecular to the Global Scale
Under the Auspices of
Nippon Foundation – Partnership for Observation of the Global Oceans (NF – POGO)
As a Component of
The NF-POGO Centre of Excellence in Observational Oceanography
Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences (BIOS), Bermuda
In Association with
The National Institute for Space Research (INPE), Brazil
In Collaboration with
Instituto de Estudos do Mar Almirante Paulo Moreira (IEAPM), Brazil
This Training Program/Workshop is also a contribution to ANTARES, an integrated network of in situ and
remote-sensing stations focused on detecting long-term changes in marine waters around Latin
America.
Conducted by
Dr. Robert Frouin, Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO), La Jolla, USA
and
Dr. Milton Kampel, National Institute for Space Research (INPE), Brazil
Dates: 21 September to 7 October 2009
Venue: Arraial do Cabo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
1.
Introduction................................................................................................................................... 3
2.
Training Objectives ....................................................................................................................... 3
3.
Training Activities......................................................................................................................... 4
4.
Final Remarks ............................................................................................................................... 5
5.
Acknowledgments......................................................................................................................... 5
6.
Appendix 1: Trainees .................................................................................................................... 6
7.
Appendix 2: Instructors............................................................................................................... 10
8.
Appendix 3. Other Instructors/Participants..................................................................................11
9.
Appendix 4: Lectures, Laboratory Exercises, Group Work, and Field Work ............................. 12
10.
Appendix 5: Trainee Presentations ......................................................................................... 15
11.
Appendix 6: Selected Photographs During the Training Programme..................................... 17
2
1. Introduction
The topic of the 2009 Training Programme in Brazil was the application of remote sensing data for
determination of phytoplankton functional types for biogeochemistry applications. The rational for this
approach is that partitioning the autotrophic plankton community into functional types is expected to
improve the modeling of primary production and increase our understanding of the role of
phytoplankton in the global carbon cycle.
Satellite ocean-color sensors are providing data to study various biological and ecological issues related
to phytoplankton and their role in global biogeochemistry. As new data streams become available, it is
important that young scientists are trained in the theories and applications required for proper
utilization and interpretation of such complex information.
The 2009 Training Programme in Brazil builds on the successful Training Programme in 2006
conducted by Dr. Robert Frouin in collaboration with Dr. Milton Kampel through the NF-POGO
Visiting Professorship Programme. The 2006 programme
Evaluation of Satellite Ocean-colour Algorithms and Products
in Coastal Regions of Central and South America
was conducted in association with the National Institute for Space Research, Brazil and the
Oceanographic Institute of the University of São Paulo, Brazil. The training included two major group
activities, with formal lectures, theoretical work, laboratory measurements, field experiment, and data
analysis. The major aspects of ocean color remote sensing were covered, from fundamental principles
to modeling, inversion, instrumentation, and measurements. The 2009 training programme covered
many of the same topics, but emphasized aspects of algal taxonomy, biology, ecology, and physiology
(as described in detail below).
The 2009 Training Programme in Brazil represents the first “Training Programme in a Developing
Country” implemented as part of the NF-POGO Centre of Excellence. This Training Programme
builds on the highly successful NF-POGO Visiting Professorship Programme, which allowed short
visits by scientists from advanced oceanographic institutes to institutes in developing countries and
economies in transition. The goals of the Visiting Professorship Programme have been retained in the
Training Programme, which are, broadly speaking, to provide training and mentoring, to develop
collaborations and enhance networking. This Training Programme is seen as a complement to the
POGO-SCOR Visiting Fellowship Programme.
The 2009 Training Program was also a contribution to ANTARES, an integrated network of in situ and
remote-sensing stations focused on detecting long-term changes in marine waters around Latin
America. A major goal of ANTARES is to detect and understand the impact of climate change and
human activities on coastal ecosystems of Central and South America and to provide the scientific basis
for ecosystem definition and management.
2. Training Objectives
The Training Programme represented an intensive, graduate-level workshop in ocean biology and
biogeochemistry as related to the optical properties of ocean waters, remote sensing technologies and
satellite oceanography. The workshop content focused on developing skills required to use remote
sensing technologies to determine phytoplankton functional types within the water column.
The Training Programme represented the continuation of a long-term, sustained effort at capacity
building in the region. It is anticipated that the workshop will lead to other opportunities for advanced
training and scientific exchange for many of the trainees.
3
Specific Training Objectives Included:
capacity building in the host institution, leading to enhanced sustained ocean observations that
address societal issues of the day.
development of highly-trained scientific professionals
promoting contacts, collaborations and networking among institutions of developing and
developing countries
Another goal of the Training Programme is to recruit students into the 10 month Centre of Excellence
Programme in Bermuda.
The Programme was made available to 25 participants from five Latin America countries, including
four from Argentina, 15 from Brazil including two from INPE and four from IEAPM, one from
Ecuador, three from Mexico and two from Venezuela. Student applications were evaluated based on
academic credentials, prior work (e.g., motivation) and letters of recommendation. Travel and
subsistence costs were defrayed for the trainees. The workshop was aimed at doctoral students and
young researchers with interests in quantitative analyzes of biological data from the marine
environment, remote sensing and physical-biological interactions. Trainee names and home institutions
are provided in Appendix 1 (page 6).
3. Training Activities
The course format included lectures on theoretical fundamentals complemented by practical
demonstrations, data collection, group work, and a sampling opportunity aboard the research vessel,
R/V Diadorim. The specific topics for discussion and practicals included the rational and methods for
determination of phytoplankton community composition and structure and the relationship of
phytoplankton to optical data derived from satellites. Data interpretation was stressed, both in terms of
both regional and global issues. Selected photographs of the trainees during various stages of the
programme are provided in Appendix 6 (page 17).
Laboratory practicals included identification (taxonomy) and characterization of well-known and
characterized algal cultures as well as algae collected from waters adjacent to the lab using both light
and epifluorescence microscopy. Pigments were qualitatively and quantitatively determined via HPLC
for most of the same algal cultures. Spectral properties for algae cultures were determined with a
spectrophotometer. Other projects/demonstrations for the trainees involved use of methods and
protocols related to downloading and analyzing satellite ocean data. Software programs such as
SeaDAS and WIM were emphasized. The schedule of activities is provided in Appendix 4 (page 12).
For independent research projects, the trainees were divided into three teams. Samples analyzed were
collected aboard the R/V Diadorim. Briefly, two stations were sampled, one in the Bay and one further
offshore. CTD data were collected from each station along with Secchi disk readings and net tows.
Water was sampled from three depths at each station via Niskin bottles.
Once shipboard samples and data were returned to the lab, trainees were challenged to make determine
algal taxonomy via light and epifluorescence microscopy. Pigments were quantitatively and
qualitatively examined via HPLC. Quantitative aspects of phytoplankton abundance were analyzed via
Utermohl chambers. Spectral properties of algae were determined via spectrophotometry. Trainees
downloaded satellite images of the region and used the data to interpret the field data.
4
Each of the three teams had at least one trainee with expertise in phytoplankton taxonomy, one in
HPLC analysis of pigments, and one in analysis of satellite images. Each team produced a written
report and made an oral, group presentation of results. This format permitted trainees to learn and
familiarize themselves with various aspects of ocean color remote sensing, methods for algal
identification (including microscopy and pigments) and to apply and deal practically with the
theoretical concepts introduced in the formal lectures. This format also allowed trainees to interact,
develop strategies for their individual research projects in their home countries, and importantly, to
build friendships that foster long-term networking on problems in each trainee home country.
4. Final Remarks
The list of trainees and instructors, including contact information, is given in Appendices 1, 2 and 3.
The instructors’ lectures and trainees’ presentations are listed in Appendix 4 and Appendix 5,
respectively. Team reports are provided online at:
http://www.dsr.inpe.br/nfpogo2009/reports.php?idioma=EN
A web page was developed for the course, i.e., http://www.dsr.inpe.br/nfpogo2009/. This page, written
in English and Portuguese, includes information about course application, content, and format, a
list of trainees and instructors, lectures, trainee presentations, and photographs. Links to the web pages
of the main sponsors and organizations are also included.
The trainees were highly motivated and worked and studied diligently throughout the training
programme. The student presentations were very strong, even for trainees who were just starting their
research programmes. This sharing of information was viewed as one of the highlights of the
programme, as students were able to see and hear first hand about research efforts conducted by their
peers across Latin America. Trainees spent considerable time honing their presentations in an effort to
accurately relay their work. This hard work paid off as trainees were required to present final
presentations of their independent projects (i.e., analysis of samples collected from R/V Diadorim and
interpretation of regional satellite images), as these presentations were remarkably professional given
the short amount of time available for data analysis/interpretation. This speaks well to the strength of
the training programme as well as the camaraderie developed between these young scientists in such a
short period.
The instructors were very hard working, extremely supportive of trainee questions and concerns, and
came well prepared to present lectures and labs on topics at the cutting edge of their respective fields.
IEAPM administrators, scientists and staff were friendly, supportive, and helpful in all possible ways.
It will be important to monitor trainees for years to come in order to determine the success of Training
Programme. Measures of success would include trainee ability to enter graduate programs, obtain
employment and/or publish manuscripts in peer-reviewed journals related to topics covered during the
Training Programme.
5.
Acknowledgments
We would like to thank POGO and the Nippon Foundation and the Director and staff of IEAPM for
giving us the opportunity to implement this training programme in Brazil. Our special thanks go to Drs.
Heather Bouman, Vivian Lutz, Silvana Vianna Rodrigues, Silvia Mattos Nasimento, Roberto Millan
and Rodolfo Paranhos as well as the Captain and crew of the R/V Diadorim.
5
6.
Appendix 1: Trainees
Adriana Gisel Gonzalez Silvera
Facultad de Ciencias Marinas (FCM)
Universidad Autónoma de Baja California (UABC)
Carretera Tijuana-Ensenada Km 103 - CP 22800
Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico
Telefone: +52 (646) 174-4570; Fax: +52 (646) 174-4103
[email protected]
Amabile Ferreira
Instituto de Oceanografia Universidade Federal do Rio Grande
Av. Itália km 8 - Rio Grande
96201-900, RS - Brazil
Telefone: +55 53 3233-6535; Fax: +55 53 32336888
[email protected]
Ana Inés Dogliotti
Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio (IAFE)
CONICET-UBA Ciudad Universitaria
Buenos Aires, Argentina. C.C.67 Suc.28 (1428)
Telefone: +54 11 4783-2642 / 4781-6755 (Int. 225); Fax: +54-11-4786-8114
[email protected]
Cassia Cristina de Azevedo Cubas Jonck
Universidade Federal Fluminense – UFF
Institute of Chemistry – Department of Analytical Chemistry
Outeiro São João Batista s/n – Instituto de Química, 5º andar, 24020-150
Niterói, Rio de Janeiro – Brazil
Telefone: +55 21 2629-2154, 88983032 (cell phone)
[email protected]
Eduardo Miranda de Souza
Departamento de Oceanografia Biológica, Universidade de São Paulo
Praça do Oceanográfico 191, Sala 115B. CEP: 05508-120
Phone: +55 11 3091-6600/9407-1147; Fax: +55 11 3091- 6607
[email protected]
Eduardo Santamaría del Angel
Facultad de Ciencias Marinas (FCM)
Universidad Autónoma de Baja California (UABC)
Carretera Tijuana-Ensenada Km 103 - CP 22800
Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico
Phone: +52 (646) 174-4570; Fax: +52 (646) 174-4103
[email protected]
6
Eliliane Vasconcelos Corrêa
Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro.
Endereço profissional: Av. Alberto Lamego 2000, Pq. Califórnia.
Campos dos Goytacazes. 28055-080, RJ-Brasil.
Telefones: +55 22 2732-2112, 9884-1616
[email protected]
Eline Simões Gonçalves
Federal Fluminense University – UFF
Institute of Chemistry – Department of Environmental Geochemistry
Outeiro São João Batista s/n – Instituto de Química, 5º andar, 24020-150
Niterói, Rio de Janeiro – Brazil
Phones: +55 21 2629-2154, 9102-3244 (cell phone); Fax: +55 21 2629-2234
[email protected]
Gustavo Souto Fontes Molleri
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais - INPE
Av. dos Astronautas, 1758 - Jardim da Granja
12227-010, São José dos Campos - SP, Brazil
Phone number: +55 12 3945-6501; Fax: +55 12 3945-6488
[email protected]
Jaimie Cristina Rojas Márquez
Concepcion Mariño Avenue, Residential area La Floresta
#14 House, the Margarita Island. N.E. State
Phone: 0412-3956106
[email protected]
Lohengrin Dias de Almeida Fernandes
UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL RURAL DE PERNAMBUCO
DEPARTAMENTO DE BIOLOGIA
R. Dom Manoel de Medeiros, s/n, Dois Irmãos
Recife, Pernambuco.
Phone: +55 81 33206320, 81 33206300
[email protected]
Luis Fabricio Guamán Guevara
University of Concepción. Chile
JUAN BENIGNO VELA 03-24 Y ESPEJO
AMBATO-EQUADOR
Phone: (593)3282-8417, (593)8465-1937; Fax: (593)3242-0282
[email protected] / [email protected]
Mariana Elvira Callejas Jiménez
Universidad Autónoma de Baja California (UABC), Facultad de Ciencias Marinas (FCM)
Km 103 road Tijuana-Ensenada
A.P. 453 Ensenada, B. C., Mexico
Phone/Fax: (52) 646-1744905 ext.120; Fax: (52) 646-1744103;
[email protected] / [email protected]
7
Mayza Pompeu
Instituto Oceanográfico da Universidade de São Paulo
Departamento Oceanografia Biologica
Praça do Oceanográfico, 191, sala 115B.
CEP: 05508-120, São Paulo - SP
Phone: 055 11 3091-6600; Fax number: 055 11 3091-6607
[email protected]
Melissa Medeiros Ferreira Hatherly
Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
Museu Nacional
Quinta da Boa Vista, s/n, 20940-040 São Cristóvão
Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
Phone: 55 (21) 2424-1088 / 55 (21) 9763-6735
[email protected]
Natália de Moraes Rudorff
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais – INPE
Avenida dos Astronautas, 1758 - Jardim da Granja
Caixa Postal 515, 12201-970, São José dos Campos – SP, Brasil
Phone: +55 12 3945-6477; Fax: +55 12 3945-6488
[email protected]
Rene Ayala-Campos
Valle de Sarteneja, Universidad Simon Bolivar,
Departamento de Estudios Ambientales,
Pabellon 1, Lab. Sensores Remotos,Venezuela
Phone/Fax: +58 212 906-3052
[email protected]
Silvana Raquel Halac
Estación de Fotobiología Playa Unión
Casilla de Correos Nº 15 (9103) Rawson, Chubut, Argentina
Instituto Nacional del Agua: Ambrosio Olmos 1142 (5000) Córdoba, Argentina
Phone: +54 2965-496269 / +54 351 4682-7817
[email protected], [email protected]
Simone de Castro Vianna
Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ)
CCS – Ilha Fundão, 21949-900 Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
Phone: 55 21 2562-6305 ou 55 21 8111-8173; Fax: 55 21 2280-2394
[email protected]
Valeria Ana Guinder
Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía (IADO-CONICET),
Camino la Carrindanga km 7.5 (8000)
Bahía Blanca – Argentina
Phone/Fax: +54 (0291) 4861112 Int.: 179
[email protected]
8
Valeria Segura
Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Pesquero (INIDEP)
Paseo Victoria Ocampo Nº 1, B7602HSA 7- Mar del Plata, Argentina
Phone: +54 (223) 486-2586 int:254; Fax: +54 (223) 486-1830
[email protected]
Wanderson F. de Carvalho
Instituto de Estudos do Mar Almirante Paulo Moreira (IEAPM)
R. Kioto, 253, Praia dos Anjos, Arraial do Cabo
Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, CEP: 28930-000
Tel: +55 (22) 2622-9010
[email protected]
Maria Helena C. Baeta Neves
Instituto de Estudos do Mar Almirante Paulo Moreira (IEAPM)
R. Kioto, 253, Praia dos Anjos, Arraial do Cabo
Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, CEP: 28930-000
Tel: +55 (22) 2622-9010
[email protected]
Mariana Dantas Alberto
Instituto de Estudos do Mar Almirante Paulo Moreira (IEAPM)
R. Kioto, 253, Praia dos Anjos, Arraial do Cabo
Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, CEP: 28930-000
Tel: +55 (22) 2622-9010
[email protected]
Bruna Pozzebon
Instituto de Estudos do Mar Almirante Paulo Moreira (IEAPM)
R. Kioto, 253, Praia dos Anjos, Arraial do Cabo
Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, CEP: 28930-000
Tel: +55 (22) 2622-9010
[email protected]
9
7.
Appendix 2: Instructors
Heather Bouman
Department of Earth Sciences
University of Oxford
Parks Road, Oxford
OXI 3PR - United Kingdom
[email protected]
Dr. Robert Frouin, Lead
Climate Research Division
Scripps Institution of Oceanography
University of California
San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive
La Jolla CA 92093-0224 USA
Phone: +1 (858) 534-6243 Fax: (858) 534-8561
[email protected]
Vivian Lutz
Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Desarrollo Pesquero ( INIDEP)
Paseo Victoria Ocampo 1 B7602HSA Mar del Plata - Argentina
[email protected]
Milton Kampel
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais – INPE
Avenida dos Astronautas, 1758 - Jardim da Granja
Caixa Postal 515
12201-970, São José dos Campos – SP, Brasil
Phone: +55 12 3945-6447; Fax: +55 12 3945-6488
[email protected]
Roberto Millan
Universidad Autónoma de Baja California (UABC)
Facultad de Ciencias Marinas (FCM)
Km 103 road Tijuana-Ensenada
A.P. 453 Ensenada, B. C., Mexico
CP 22800
Phone/fax (52) 646-1744905
[email protected]
Rodolfo Paranhos
Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
Departamento de Biologia Marinha
Avenida Prof. Rodolpho Rocco 211, Prédio do CCS, bloco A, sala A1-071
Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, ZIP: 21941-617
Phone: +55 (21) 2562-6303
[email protected]
10
F. Gerald Plumley
Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences (BIOS)
17 Biological Lane, Ferry Reach
St. George's GE01
Bermuda
phone +1-441-297-1880 FAX: +1-441-297-8143
[email protected]
Silvana Vianna Rodrigues
Universidade Federal Fluminense
Centro de Estudos Gerais, Departamento de Química Analítica
Outeiro de São João Batista S/N Centro
24020150 - Niteroi, RJ - Brasil
Telefone (21) 719-6934 Fax: (21) 7178
[email protected]
Silvia Mattos Nascimento
Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais.
Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000 Parque Califórnia
28013-602 - Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ - Brasil
Telefone: (22) 27261472; Fax: (22) 27261472
[email protected]
Wanderson F. de Carvalho (listed as both a trainee and an instructor)
Instituto de Estudos do Mar Almirante Paulo Moreira (IEAPM)
R. Kioto, 253, Praia dos Anjos, Arraial do Cabo
Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, CEP: 28930-000
Tel: +55 (22) 2622-9010
[email protected]
8.
Appendix 3. Other Instructors/Participants
Danilo Vinicius Pierone
Thermo Scientific
Manager for GC & LC Products
Street Assungui, 432 Sao Paulo – SP - Brazil
ZIP Code 04131 000
Phone +55 11 2162 80
[email protected]
Aline Quinaia
Thermo Scientific
GC & LC Product Support
Street Assungui, 432 Sao Paulo – SP - Brazil
ZIP Code 04131 000
Phone +55 11 2162 8080
[email protected]
11
9.
Appendix 4: Lectures, Laboratory Exercises, Group Work, and Field Work
(T): Theory
(L): Laboratory demonstration
(G): Group work (Trainees’ projects in groups)
(F): Field work
AM: 9:00 to 12:00 hours; PM: 14:00 to 18:00 hours
Lunch break: 12:00 to 14:00 hours
Monday, September 21
AM: -Welcome/Logistics. (Milton Kampel, Eliane Gonzalez, Robert Frouin, Gerry Plumley)
-(T) Importance of phytoplankton; Aspects of macro-ecology; Overview of ways to
quantify and identify phytoplankton, to connect the subjects to be covered in the course:
taxonomy, molecular biology, flow cytometry, pigments, bio-optics, remote sensing,
‘Phytoplankton Functional Types’. (Heather Bouman)
Lunch break
PM: -(T) Cell structure; Phytoplankton taxonomic composition, morphology, and size;
Microscopy (light, electron, and fluorescence types). (Silvia Nascimento)
Tuesday, September 22
AM:
-(T) Why Size and Taxa Matter: Patterns, and Global Biogeography; Global
Biogeochemical Cycles and Ecosystem Dynamics. (Heather Bouman)
Lunch break
PM: -(L) Microscopy, demonstration; Looking at different types of phytoplankton under the
microscope (cultures and fixed samples). (Silvia Nascimento)
-(G) Group work.
Wednesday, September 23
AM: -(T) Molecular biology; Phylogenetics; Importance and Applications. (Gerry Plumley)
- Trainee presentations. (Fabricio Guaman, Amabile Ferreira, Valeria Guinder)
Lunch break
PM: -(T) Pigment composition of phytoplankton; Different approaches to estimate
phytoplankton groups from pigment data. (Roberto Millan)
-(G) Group Work.
Thursday, September 24
AM: -(T) Phytoplankton pigments; Chemical structure and properties; Methods, HPLC (Silvana
Rodriguez)
-(T) Brief introduction to chromatography. (Silvana Rodriguez)
Lunch break
PM: -(L) HPLC, demonstration. (Silvana Rodriguez)
-(G) Group work.
12
Friday, September 25
AM: -(L) HPLC, demonstration, cont. (Silvana Rodriguez)
Lunch break
PM: -(T) Phytoplankton ecology. (Roberto Millan)
-Trainee presentations, cont. (Eduardo Miranda, Eduardo Santamaria, Eliliane Corrêa)
-(G) Group Work.
Saturday, September 26
AM: -(T) Nature of light. Properties defining the light field. (Robert Frouin)
Lunch Break
PM: -(T) Primary production modeling. (Heather Bouman)
-Trainee presentations, cont. (Eline Gonçalves, Gustavo Molleri, Jaimie Marquez)
-(G) Group work.
Sunday, September 27
AM, PM: Free.
Monday, September 28
AM: -(T) Phytoplankton absorption; Implications of pigment composition; Photo-adaptation,
photo-acclimation. (Vivian Lutz)
-Trainee presentations, cont. (Mariana Jiménez, Lohengrin Fernandes)
Lunch break
PM: -(L) Measurements of absorption, demonstration. (Vivian Lutz)
-(G) Group Work.
Tuesday, September 29
AM, PM: -(F) Collection of water samples at sea for microscopy and HPLC analysis.
Wednesday, September 30
AM: -(T) Ultra-phytoplankton; Flow cytometry. (Rodolfo Paranhos)
-Trainee presentations, cont. (Melissa Hatherly)
Lunch Break
PM: -(G) Group work.
Thursday, October 1
AM: -(T) Radiative processes within the water, at the surface, and across the interface;
Link between particle properties (size, composition, shape, and internal structure) and
inherent optical properties. (Robert Frouin)
Lunch break
PM: -(G) Group Work.
13
Friday, October 2
AM: -(T) Modeling the diffuse reflectance of natural waters. (Robert Frouin)
-(T) The measurement of marine reflectance. (Robert Frouin)
Lunch Break
PM: -Trainee presentations, cont. (Adriana Gonzalez, Mayza Pompeu, Cassia Jonck)
-(G) Group Work.
Saturday, October 3
AM: -(T) Atmospheric correction of satellite ocean-color imagery. (Robert Frouin)
-(T) Structure and function of the phososynthetic apparatus. (Vivian Lutz)
Lunch break
PM: -Trainee presentations, cont. (Simone Vianna, Ana Dogliotti, Valeria Segura)
-(T) Satellite ocean-color data processing software. (Ana Dogliotti, Eduardo Santamaria)
Sunday, October 4
AM, PM: Free.
Monday, October 5
AM: -(T) Principles of satellite ocean color remote sensing. (Milton Kampel)
-(T) Estimation of phytoplankton biomass and inherent optical properties. (Milton Kampel)
Lunch break
PM: -Trainee presentations, cont. (Rene Ayala, Natalia Rudorff, Silvana Halac )
-(G) Group work.
Tuesday, October 6
AM: -(T) Discrimination of phytoplankton functional types from space. (Robert Frouin)
-(T) Mixotrophy. (Wanderson Carvalho)
-(T) The Antares network. (Vivian Lutz)
-(T) NF-POGO Center of Excellence. (Gerry Plumley)
Lunch break
PM: -(G) Group work.
Wednesday, October 7
AM: Group Presentations.
Lunch Break
PM: -Presentation of certificates.
-Closing remarks.
14
10.
Appendix 5: Trainee Presentations
ANTARES: Baja California Station (Adriana Gonzalez)
Optical characterization of the phytoplankton blooms at the Patagonian Shelf-Break (Amabile
Ferreira)
Satellite-based estimates of primary production in the Patagonian Continental Shelf (Ana Inés
Dogliotti)
Phytoplankton of Campos Basin: Measuring Composition and Abundance by
Chemotaxonomy (Cassia Cristina de Azevedo Cubas Jonck)
Chlorophyll and phytoplankton size-structure on Abrolhos Coral Reefs, Brasil (Eduardo
Miranda de Souza)
Relationship between Chl a "in situ" and Chl a derivative from remote sensing observations:
Statistical consideration to the matchup approach (Eduardo Santamaria-Angel)
Physiology and Toxicology of Ostreopsis ovata, a bloom forming epi-benthic dinoflagellate on
the east coast of Rio de Janeiro. (Eliliane Vasconcelos Corrêa)
Determination of phytoplankton pigments in sediments by HPLC (Eline Simões Gonçalves)
Space-time variability of the Amazon River plume based on satellite remote sensing images
from 2000-2004 (Gustavo Souto Fontes Molleri)
Optical Measurements at the CARIACO Time-series Station (Jaimie Cristina Rojas Marquez)
How does suspended sediment affect microplankton grazing? (Lohengrin Dias de Almeida
Fernandes)
Seasonal influence of the near-inertial frequency on currents and temperature over
continental shelf off Conception, Chile (Luis Fabricio Guaman Guevara)
Dynamic regionalization of Gulf of Mexico Based on Water-leaving Radiances, nLw (Mariana
Elvira Callejas Jiménez)
Ubatuba long-term plankton and bio-optics time series – UPBITS (Mayza Pompeu)
Campos Basin Microplankton: Taxonomy, Composition and Abundance (Melissa Medeiros
Ferreira Hatherly)
Multi-scale temporal analysis of Chl and SST obtained by satellite derived products from
MODIS, MERIS, SeaWiFS and AVHRR, at the Ubatuba ANTARES station, South Atlantic
(Natália de Moraes Rudorff)
15
Phytoplankton variability and photoacclimation state in the Cariaco Basin (Rene AyalaCampos)
Interactive effects of UV radiation and temperature on phytoplanktonic species and
assemblages in Patagonia (Silvana Raquel Halac)
Microphytoplankton taxonomy and ecology (Simone de Castro Vianna)
Phytoplankton dynamics in the Bahía Blanca Estuary, Argentina (Valeria Ana Guinder)
Variations in primary production in relationship to phytoplankton functional types in the
Patagonian Sea, Argentina (Valeria Segura)
The double life of Mixotrophic Organisms (Wanderson F. de Carvalho)
16
11.
Appendix 6: Selected Photographs During the Training Programme
Group picture during week 1.
Photo taken outside the lecture hall and labs.
Milton provides information on satellites.
A lecture from Robert on the properties of light.
Students discuss an issue.
Robert & Milton consider a new approach to data. Anna lectures on data analysis programs.
17
Heather (above) updates the class on global
primary production.
Vivian (rights) discusses different types of algae.
Boarding the Diadorim for a day cruise.
Trainees preparing the net for sampling.
Trainees watch sample collection procedures.
Other trainees label samples from the net tow.
18
Back in the lab, students and instructors examine what they have collected under the microscope (left).
View of local phytoplankton through the microscope (right).
Roberto (left) and Robert (right) discuss field results with trainees in the lab.
Interesting data?
Student presentation.
19
Students preparing their final group report.
Certificate presentation (closing ceremonies).
20