Present Perfect
Pr e se n t Pe r fe ct
To have + particípio do verbo principal
normal form
I have traveled
You have worked
He has gone
She has prepared
It has jumped
We have waited
You have planned
They have tried
contracted form
I‘ve traveled
You’ve worked
He’s gone
She’s prepared
It’s jumped
We’ve waited
You’ve planned
They’ve tried
Forma interrogativa
I have tried.
You have done.
Have I tried ?
Have you done ?
He has gone.
She has prepared.
Has he gone ?
Has she prepared ?
Forma negativa
I have tried
You have done.
I have not tried.
You have not done.
He has gone.
She has prepared.
He has not gone .
She has not prepared .
Formas abreviadas
have not = haven’t
has not = hasn’t
Aplicações 1
Para indicar uma ação passada sem tempo definido.
I have tried ...
You have worked...
He has gone...
mas
I tried yesterday .
You worked last night .
He went to London two days ago .
Aplicações 2
Para representar uma ação que tem se repetido
recentemente.
She has done
that exercise
many times
several times
more than twice
more than three times
(a ação se repetiu várias vezes)
Aplicações 3
O "Present Perfect" também é usado quando uma
ação que iniciou no passado se prolonga até o
momento presente.
John has written reports since 1980 .
(ele começou escreve-los em 1980 e até hoje os escreve)
Susan has observed birds for five years .
(Susan começou a observar há cinco anos atrás
e ainda hoje observa)
Aplicações 4
Advérbios usados com o “Present perfect”.
Already
Yet
Just
Never
Ever
Lately
Recently
So far
Up to now
ALREADY
Significa "já" e aparece nas formas afirmativa e
interrogativa .
He has already sent those samples .
They have already gone to England .
Has he already sent those samples ?
Have they already gone to England?
YET
Significa "ainda" e "já" e aparece nas
formas interrogativa e negativa .
He hasn't written the article yet . (ainda )
They haven't gone there yet . (ainda )
Has he written the article yet ? (já )
Have they gone there yet ? (já )
JUST
Significa "exatamente, precisamente ou acabar de" e
aparece entre o verbo "to have" e o “verbo principal
no particípio” . (O advérbio "just" indica que a ação
aconteceu recentemente)
He has just eaten the sandwich .
They have just fixed the problem.
NEVER
Significa "nunca" e aparece entre o verbo "to have"
e o verbo principal no particípio .
He has never sung that song .
They have never talked to her .
EVER
Significa "alguma vez" e aparece entre o verbo "to have”
e o verbo principal no particípio.
Has she ever tested you with those silly questions ?
Have you ever heard about bad cops in NYPD ?
LATELY / RECENTLY
Significam "ultimamente" e “recentemente”
e aparecem no final da frase.
He has worked a lot lately .
They haven’t gone anywhere lately .
He has studied Math recently .
They haven’t given any help recently .
SO FAR / UP TO NOW
Significam “até aqui” ou “até agora” e geralmente
aparecem no final da frase.
The children have done eleven exercises so far .
Sam has saved a lot of money up to now .
Exercise 1
Complete the sentences using the verbs in the
present perfect tense:
1.I___________to
Boston many times. (to go)
have gone
2.My two sisters_____________too
much. (to work)
have worked
3.My brother____________
has traveled a lot. (to travel)
4.Bill and that girl _______just________
have
decided to
live in London. (to decide)
5.Becky ___________for
a new job. (to look)
has looked
6. Jane ________to
has tried send the message. (to try)
7. Meg and I _____just______up
smoking. (to give)
have
given
8.It ___________in
Southern California. (to rain)
has rained
9.Your sister__________
has spent money on silly things . (to spend)
has sung
10.George _________“Love
for sale” all the time. (to sing)
Exercise 2
In the following sentences, supply either the past tense or
the present perfect tense of the verbs in parentheses.
1. I __________
have tried everything so far. It’s useless! (to try)
2. Her boss_____to
went New York city last night. (to go)
3.They _________the
report several times. (to read)
have read
met
4. I_____that
woman in Berlin in 1990. (to meet)
5.They_____
have just _____
read the report about UFOs . (to read)
6.I ______to
talked him a few days ago. (to talk)
7.He____
has never _____to
been Seattle. (to be)
Have you ever _____
8.______
seen the rain? (to see)
9.They ________to
traveled Paris last Winter. (to travel)
10.We____that
movie last year. (to see)
saw
Test 1
Check the right alternative;
I___________him many years ago.
We________good friends since then.
a) met; were
b) met; have been
c) have met; have been
d) have met; were
e) met; are
Test 2
(UEPG) - My friend__________her
grandparents since Christmas.
a) saw
b) hasn’t seen
c) doesn’t seen
d) haven’t seen
e) were seen
Test 3
(UNESP) - Assinale a alternativa correta.
We're still waiting for Bill. He ______ yet.
a) hasn't come
b) haven't come
c) didn't come
d) doesn't come
e) hadn't come
Test 4
(ITA-SP) - Sarah_________classes lately , has she?
a) didn’t attend
b) haven’t attend
c) attended
d) hasn’t attended
e) doesn’t attend
Test 5
(UNESP – SP) - Fill in the blanks with the correct verb
forms:
He_________ learning English five years ago but
he________ it yet.
a) has started - does not learn;
b) started - has not learned;
c) has started - learned;
d) started - have not learned;
e) have started - did not learn.