Name:______________________________________________ Number:_______
6th Grade - Group:__________ Date: _______________ Teacher: Dimis Silveira
Simple Present Tense
The Simple Present Tense expressa um fato, um acontecimento, ações habituais no Presente.
I GO to school every day.
She WORKS at Petrobrás.
Classes START at seven.
I always LISTEN to the radio.
The Simple Present Tense expressa também verdades universais e ações futuras planejadas.
Birds FLY.
The train LEAVES in twenty minutes.
Affirmative Form
1. Para as pessoas I (eu), you (você), we (nós), you (vocês) e they (eles, elas),conjugamos os verbos
no Presente, retirando apenas o to do infinitivo:
Verb: To dance
Exemplos:
I dance ( eu danço)
you dance ( você dança)
we dance ( nós dançamos)
you dance ( vocês dançam)
they dance ( eles/elas dançam)
2. Para as pessoas he (ele), she (ela) e it (ele, ela), devemos:
a) Adicionar -es quando o verbo terminar em ss, sh, ch, x, z, e o:
To kiss ( beijar)
he kisses (ele beija)
she kisses (ela beija)
it kisses (ele/ela beija)
To go (ir)
he goes (ele vai)
she goes (ela vai)
it goes (ele/ela vai)
b) Retirar o y e adicionar -ies aos verbos terminados em consoante + y:
To study ( estudar)
he studies (ele estuda)
she studies (ela estuda)
it studies (ele/ela estuda)
To cry ( chorar)
he cries (ele chora)
she cries (ela chora)
it cries (ele/ela chora)
c) Aos verbos com outras terminações quaisquer, inclusive vogal + y, adicionar somente um -s:
To dance
he dances ( ele dança)
she dances ( ela dança)
it dances ( ele/ela dança)
To stay ( ficar)
he stays (ele fica)
she stays (ela fica)
it stays (ele/ela fica)
NOTE:
Não seguem as regras acima os verbos to be (ser, estar), to have (ter, possuir) e there to be (haver,
existir).
Advérbios que normalmente acompanham o Presente Simples:
always ( sempre)
every day (week,…) ( todos os dias (semana,….))
never (nunca)
often = frequently ( frequentemente)
once a day (uma vez por dia)
seldom = rarely ( raramente)
sometimes ( algumas vezes)
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twice a day ( duas vezes por dia)
usually ( geralmente)
Negative Form
Usamos doesn’t (= does not (não)) para as pessoas he, she, it e don’t ( = do not ( não)) para as demais
pessoas. O verbo, que vem depois de doesn’t ou don’t, não sofre mudanças, isto é, fica na forma
infinitivo sem o to.
sujeito + doesn’t ou don’t + verbo no infinitivo sem o to
Exemplo com o verbo to study:
I don’t study (eu não estudo)
you don’t study (você não estuda)
he doesn’t study (ele não estuda)
she doesn’t study (ela não estuda)
it doesn’t study (ele/ela não estuda)
we don’t study (nós não estudamos)
you don’t study (vocês não estudam)
they don’t study (eles/elas não estudam)
Interrogative Form
Colocamos does antes das pessoas he, she, it e do antes das demais pessoas. O verbo fica no
infinitivo sem o to.
Do ou does + sujeito + verbo no infinitivo sem o to
Exemplo com o verbo to study:
do I study?
do you study?
does he study?
does she study?
does it study?
do we study?
do you study?
do they study?
Fonte: http://www.inglesvip.com/grammar/the-simple-present-tense.html
O simple present é formado pelo verbo em sua forma original na maioria das pessoas, com exceção
da terceira pessoa do singular.
Veja estas frases com o verbo drink (beber) como exemplo:
I drink orange juice every day.
You drink beer in the bar.
We drink champagne in New Year’s Eve.
Entretanto, a 3ª pessoa do singular tem necessidade de uma conjugação.
He drinks wine with his parents.
She drinks water after gym.
É um detalhe bastante pequeno, mas precisa ser constantemente recordado, pois é muito comum nos
esquecermos de flexionar o verbo. Há alguns casos em que acrescentar o "s" à terceira pessoa do
singular exigirá mudanças no próprio verbo.
Verbos terminados em Y: Os verbos terminados em Y precedido de consoante, como study ( estudar),
try (tentar), fly (voar) e outros, perderão o Y, que será substituído por "ie" + "s", ficando então. Ex: He
studies, she studies.
Os verbos também terminados em Y só que precedidos de vogal, como play (jogar), say (dizer), não
terão esta alteração. A sua flexão se fará como qualquer outro verbo.
Ex: I play, he plays, she plays, they play.
You say, he says, she says, we say.
Verbos terminados em SS, SH, CH, Z, X, O: Os verbos terminados com estas letras, como guess
(adivinhar), push (empurrar), watch (assistir), buzz (zumbir), receberão um "e" antes do "s" na terceira
pessoa do singular.
I watch the games but he watches a different movie every night.
Uso
O simple present é um tempo verbal fácil de se identificar, pois ele é usado em poucas situações e
elas são facilmente percebidas através de algumas palavras que aparecem com certa freqüência: os
advérbios de tempo.
http://www.brasilescola.com/ingles/simple-present.htm
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Descreve um fato ou estado permanente, ou uma ação que acontece com freqüência no presente. A
forma básica do presente dos verbos principais na afirmativa é a mesma do infinitivo (aquela forma
que você encontra no dicionário) sem o to (to smoke ® smoke) com exceção das 3as pessoas do
singular (he/she/it) que levam um “s”:
I get up at 7 everyday.
She gets up at 7 everyday.
Nas frases negativas do presente usa-se do not = don’t, para I, You, We, They e does not = doesn’t,
para He, She, It. O verbo principal seguido do auxiliar sempre fica no infinitivo sem o to:
I don’t like coffee.
She doesn’t like coffee.
Mary and John don’t eat meat. They’re vegetarian.
As frases interrogativas são formadas colocando-se do ou does no início das perguntas sendo
precedidos apenas por pronomes interrogativos. O verbo principal sempre fica no infinitivo sem o to.
Nas respostas curtas, do-don’t, does-doesn’t substituem o verbo principal:
Do you like hamburguers?
Does it often rain in Bahamas?
What time do you usually go to work?
Where do you go to school?
Do you speak English? Yes, I do.
Does she enjoy parties? Yes, she does.
Does he take the 10:00 am train? No, he doesn’t.
Modelo de conjugação do verbo to work no simple present em inglês
Positive
Negative
I work
I don’t work
You work
You don’t work
He works
He doesn’t work
She works
She doesn’t work
It works
It doesn’t work
We work
We don’t work
You work
You don’t work
They work
They don’t work
Interrogative
Do I work?
Do you work?
Does he work?
Does she work?
Does it work?
Do we work?
Do you work?
Do they work?
http://dicasingles.blogspot.com/2007/03/simple-present.html
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FORM
[VERB] + s/es in third person
Examples:
You speak English.
Do you speak English?
You do not speak English.
Complete List of Simple Present Forms
USE 1 Repeated Actions
Use the Simple Present to express the idea that an action is repeated or usual. The action can be a
habit, a hobby, a daily event, a scheduled event or something that often happens. It can also be
something a person often forgets or usually does not do.
Examples:
I play tennis.
She does not play tennis.
Does he play tennis?
The train leaves every morning at 8 AM.
The train does not leave at 9 AM.
When does the train usually leave?
She always forgets her purse.
He never forgets his wallet.
Every twelve months, the Earth circles the Sun.
Does the Sun circle the Earth?
USE 2 Facts or Generalizations
The Simple Present can also indicate the speaker believes that a fact was true before, is true now, and
will be true in the future. It is not important if the speaker is correct about the fact. It is also used to
make generalizations about people or things.
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Examples:
Cats like milk.
Birds do not like milk.
Do pigs like milk?
California is in America.
California is not in the United Kingdom.
Windows are made of glass.
Windows are not made of wood.
New York is a small city. It is not important that this fact is untrue.
USE 3 Scheduled Events in the Near Future
Speakers occasionally use Simple Present to talk about scheduled events in the near future. This is
most commonly done when talking about public transportation, but it can be used with other
scheduled events as well.
Examples:
The train leaves tonight at 6 PM.
The bus does not arrive at 11 AM, it arrives at 11 PM.
When do we board the plane?
The party starts at 8 o'clock.
When does class begin tomorrow?
USE 4 Now (Non-Continuous Verbs)
Speakers sometimes use the Simple Present to express the idea that an action is happening or is not
happening now. This can only be done with Non-Continuous Verbs and certain Mixed Verbs.
Examples:
I am here now.
She is not here now.
He needs help right now.
He does not need help now.
He has his passport in his hand.
Do you have your passport with you?
ADVERB PLACEMENT
The examples below show the placement for grammar adverbs such as: always, only, never, ever,
still, just, etc.
Examples:
You only speak English.
Do you only speak English?
ACTIVE / PASSIVE
Examples:
Once a week, Tom cleans the car. Active
Once a week, the car is cleaned by Tom. Passive
More About Active / Passive Forms
The Simple Past Tense:
Significado
O simple past é usado quando nos referimos a eventos que ocorreram em um tempo determinado no
passado.
Sendo assim, podemos concluir que o Simple Past é usado:
- Para ações que se completaram no passado em tempo definido estabelecido na frase.
Ex: He died in 1908. (Ele morreu em 1908).
- Em contextos que nos reportem ao passado, mesmo desprovido de indicação temporal.
Ex: I’m sorry about last night. The train was 10 minutes late. (Desculpe-me sobre a noite passada. O trem estava
10 minutos atrasado).
Forma
O Simple Past é um tempo verbal simples, formado apenas por um verbo principal flexionado na forma do
passado, e que faz uso do verbo auxiliar apenas nas formas interrogativas e negativas.
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A flexão do verbo no passado será feita diferentemente para verbos regulares e irregulares. Os verbos regulares
recebem a terminação –ed para formar o passado.
Ex: Clean – cleaned
Wash – washed
Alguns verbos, apesar de regulares, exigem mudanças antes de receberem a terminação –ed.
Ex: Live – lived
Love – loved
Y – Verbos terminados em y, sendo esta letra precedida de uma consoante, perderão o y para, então, ser
acrescentada a terminação –ied. Caso a letra y seja precedida de uma vogal, não há mudanças.
Ex: study – studied Mas play – Played
Try – tried Mas destroy – Destroyed
Os verbos, cuja última sílaba seja formada por uma consoante, uma vogal e uma consoante, sendo esta a sílaba
tônica, terão sua última consoante dobrada para então ser acrescentada a terminação –ed. Esta regra é a mesma
ao acrescentarmos todos os sufixos que se iniciam por vogal, como ed e o ing.
Ex: step – stepped mas develop – developed
Prefer – preferred mas offer – offered
Did
Os tempos verbais simples necessitam de um verbo auxiliar para formarem frases interrogativas e
negativas. O Simple Past usará o verbo auxiliar did para todas as pessoas, indistintamente. Da mesma forma que
o Simple Present na terceira pessoa do singular requer que o “s” seja retirado do verbo que já está flexionado
para poder passa-lo para as formas negativa e interrogativa, o auxiliar did exige que o verbo seja colocado
novamente em sua forma natural (básica), pois a presença do did ao lado de um verbo por si só indica que ele
está no passado simples.
Frases Negativas
Observe as seguintes frases:
Mark liked clean things. He didn’t like dirty places. (Mark gostava de coisas limpas. Ele não gostava de lugares
sujos.)
He helped his mother and he didn’t study. (Ele ajudava a sua mãe e ele não estudava).
* As primeiras frases são afirmativas, portanto o verbo está flexionado. Ao formamos uma frase negativa,
dispensa-se a flexão e acrescenta-se did not ou a sua forma contra didn’t.
Frases Interrogativas
Para a construção das frases interrogativas, coloca-se o verbo auxiliar did antes do sujeito da frase e recoloca-se
o verbo em sua forma básica.
Ex: Did his mother help him? (A mãe dele o ajudava?).
Yes, his mother helped him. (Sim, a mãe dele o ajudava).
1)
The Simple Past Tense: Exercise
I- Complete as sentences com WAS ou WERE e depois traduza-as para o português:
1- You______________ very tired. __________________________________________________
2- She ____________ very beautiful yesterday._________________________________________
3- They ___________ very happy.___________________________________________________
4- We ____________ studying for the test._____________________________________________
5- Ryan and I _____________ talking on the phone._____________________________________
6- Ryan _______________ working at Mc donald’s last year._________________________________
7- _________ we at school yesterday?________________________________________________
8- They ___________ in front of the supermarket._______________________________________
9- I __________ in Italy last year.____________________________________________________
10- Britney _____________ in New York last week.______________________________________
11- __________Britney and Michael in Hollywood last month?_____________________________
12- He _______________ studying yesterday__________________________________________
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II- Escreva as frases dadas nas formas negativa e interrogativa, e depois traduza-as para o
português como no exemplo dado:
Exemplo:
I went to the beach last weekend.
( - ) I didn’t go to the beach last weekend.
( ? )Did I go to the beach last weekend?
Tradução: Eu fui para praia no último fim de semana.
A- She traveled to Salt Lake City last month.
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
B-They talked in English yesterday.
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
C-Ryan went to NY last April.
__________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
D-I drank Coke last Friday.
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
E- She bought a new jacket yesterday.
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
F-They danced a lot at the party last Saturday.
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
G- Richard and Mariah sang a beautiful song together last summer.
__________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
H-I played the guitar last show.
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
1- She loved her last birthday party.
(-)_______________________________________________________________________________
(?)_______________________________________________________________________________
Translation:_______________________________________________________________________
2- He enjoyed his snack very much.
(-)_______________________________________________________________________________
(?)_______________________________________________________________________________
Translation:_______________________________________________________________________
3- I tried those new shoes last night.
(-)_______________________________________________________________________________
(?)_______________________________________________________________________________
Translation:_______________________________________________________________________
4- My parents watched a terrible movie yesterday.
(-)_______________________________________________________________________________
(?)______________________________________________________________________________
Translation:_______________________________________________________________________
5- Nick arrived late yesterday.
(-)______________________________________________________________________________
(?)______________________________________________________________________________
Translation:_______________________________________________________________________
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6- We played soccer together last Tuesday.
(-)_______________________________________________________________________________
(?)_______________________________________________________________________________
Translation:_______________________________________________________________________
7- He studied a lot for his math test last weekend.
(-)______________________________________________________________________________
(?)______________________________________________________________________________
Translation:_______________________________________________________________________
8- My sister worked in France two years ago.
(-)_______________________________________________________________________________
(?)_______________________________________________________________________________
Translation:_______________________________________________________________________
9- My grandparents and I walked in the park last Saturday afternoon.
(-)_______________________________________________________________________________
(?)_______________________________________________________________________________
Translation:_______________________________________________________________________
10- It rained a lot yesterday.
(-)_______________________________________________________________________________
(?)_______________________________________________________________________________
Translation:_______________________________________________________________________
The Present Continuous
Significado:
Observe as seguintes frases:
I am taking the hood off his head (Eu estou tirando o capuz da cabeça dele).
He is wearing a long black overcoat (Ele está usando um sobretudo longo e preto).
We are both running along the tunnel (Nós dois estamos correndo pelo túnel).
Nessas frases, a forma verbal se refere à ação do sujeito no momento em que está sendo praticada. Essa
simultaneidade é expressa pelo Present Continuous, que pode ser traduzido literalmente para o português. Na escrita,
normalmente é usado com expressões de tempo, como now (agora), right now (agora, já) e at the moment (neste
momento). Na linguagem falada isso não ocorre, pois o diálogo corresponderá à ação desempenhada no momento da
fala.
Formas:
Você notou que nas estruturas do Present Continuous aparecem sempre dois verbos, o verbo “to be” e um verbo
principal. Isso ocorre porque o Present Continuous é um tempo composto: é formado por um verbo auxiliar e um
principal.
Os tempos simples, como, por exemplo, o Simple Present, são formados somente por um verbo principal. Necessitam
de verbos auxiliares apenas para a construção de frases negativas e interrogativas.
Para formar o Present Continuous usamos o verbo to be (am, is, are) e o verbo principal na sua forma – "ing".
Exemplos:
I am walking in a long dark tunnel (Eu estou andando em um longo e escuro túnel). He is waiting for me. (Ele está
esperando por mim). O verbo to be é o auxiliar, portanto fundamental à construção de frases negativas e interrogativas.
Frases Negativas
Formamos as frases negativas, acrescentando "not" após o verbo to be.
Exemplos:
He is not looking at me. (Ele não está olhando para mim).
I am not waiting for the man (Eu não estou esperando pelo homem).
Frases Interrogativas
Formamos as frases interrogativas, colocando o verto to be antes do sujeito.
Exemplos:
Are you having a nightmare? (Você está tendo um pesadelo?)
Where is the man walking? (Onde o homem está andando?)
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PRESENT CONTINUOUS: Complete Erick’s letter to Lissa. (ING)
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Miami, April 6 , 2009.
Hi Lissa!
I _______________________________________ (write) this letter on the beach in Florida. I
____________________________________ (have) a fantastic vacation with my family. We
______________________________________ (stay) in an apartment by the ocean. My mom and I
_____________________________________(sit)
on
the
beach
now
and
Dad
______________________________________________________ (read) in a café. My brothers
___________________________________
(swim).
Only
my
sister
isn’t
here.
She
__________________________________________(not have)
a vacation this year. She
____________________________________ (stay) with our grandparents in Brazil. She
_____________________________________________ (study) for her vestibular test.
Have a great vacation;
Your friend;
Erick
Combine as Colunas numerando os parênteses
(
) I’m talking to her.
(
) We are having dinner.
(
) They are playing soccer.
(
) The dog is barking.
(
) She is taking a shower.
1- Nós estamos jantando.
2- Ela está tomando um banho.
3- Eles estão jogando futebol.
4- O cachorro está latindo.
5- Eu estou falando com ela.
A- Complete with IN, ON,or AT:
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Men never walked _____________ Mars.
She studies English ____________ Mapleton English School.
She studies English _____________ 8:00.
They Want to live ______________ Los Angeles.
I would visit my father ____________ Christmas.
My birthday is ________________ January 21st.
My birthday is ________________ January.
He has a house _______________Florianópolis.
He has a house _________________ the beach.
They don’t have any money _____________ their pocket.
B- Complete with IN, ON, AT:
Hi, Mariah,
th
My name’s Leo. I’m 13. My birthday is (1)______ January 5 . I live (2)________Porto Alegre. I
study(3)_________Rosário school. I study (4)________the morning. I get up (5)________6:00am
everyday. (6)________Saturdays and Sundays I usually get up (7)_________ 9:00am! It’s really good.
I live with my father, mother and my sister, Julie. My father is a businessperson, he works
(8)______ Brasil Telecom. He loves sports. My father’s birthday is (9)_______ February. My mother is a
nurse. She works (10)______ Santa Casa Hospital. My mother’s birthday is(11) ________ September. My
sister is 9 yeas old and she studies (12)_______Rosário too. She’s crazy sometimes. Her birthday is
th
(13)______ December 25 !, yes, (14)________ Christmas day!!!
Your new friend; Leo
D- Rearrange the words: Organize as palavras:
1- tomorrow / They / coming/ with us / aren’t
_____________________________________________________________
2- she / having / on the weekend? / IS / a party
_____________________________________________________________
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3- remember / my birthday / You / never
_____________________________________________________________
4- right now. / his homework / is / doing / Harry
_____________________________________________________________
5- to the teacher / listen / They / always
_____________________________________________________________
OBS: Estudar também, os QUESTION WORDS:
WHY; WHEN; WHERE; WHAT; WHICH; WHO; ETC..
WOULD: escreva a frase dada nas formas NEGATIVA e INTERROGATIVA e depois
traduza-as:
1- would like to go to the beach next summer.
(-)____________________________________________________
(?)____________________________________________________
Translation:_______________________________________________________________
2- She would clean the house.
(-)____________________________________________________
(?)____________________________________________________
Translation:_______________________________________________________________
3- My father would give me some money.
(-)____________________________________________________
(?)____________________________________________________
Translation:_______________________________________________________________
4- They would play handball with me.
(-)____________________________________________________
(?)____________________________________________________
Translation:_______________________________________________________________
5- We would buy a new car.
(-)____________________________________________________
(?)____________________________________________________
Translation:_______________________________________________________________
Complete as frases abaixo com How MANY ou HOW MUCH:
123456-
________________________ is it?
I don’t know ______________ it is.
_______________ water do you drink every day?:
_______________ English books do you have?
_______________ brothers or sisters do you have?
_______________ money do you have here?
ESTUDAR:
Vocabulário: estudar o vocabulário das unidades do livro In @ction 7.
Caso tenham alguma dúvida sobre as atividades abordadas, entrar em contato comigo:
[email protected]
Bom Estudo!
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